Non linearity // a syntactical (urban) equilibrium by ioanna cheinoporou

NON LINEARITY A SYNTACTICAL (URBAN) EQUILIBRIUM

UCL THE BARTLETT SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE GRADUATE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 2012/2013 RESEARCH CLUSTER 6/ LUKE PEARSON

CHEINOPOROU IOANNA

ABSTRACT. A AB ABS BSSTR BST TR TRA RA RAC ACT CTT CT.

dŚŝƐ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ǁŽƌŬ ƚƌŝĞƐ ƚŽ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƚĞ ƚŚĞ ŚŝĚĚĞŶ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬƐ ŽĨ Ă ǁƌŝƩĞŶ ƚĞǆƚ ĂŶĚ ĞǆƉůŽƌĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĂƟĂůŝƚǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŝŶŶĞƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ͘ /ƚ ŝƐ ĚƌŝǀĞŶ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ŝŵŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ŽĨ Ă ƚĞǆƚ Žƌ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ŝŶ ŐĞŶĞƌĂů͕ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ĚĂƚĂ͘ dŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƐĐƌŝƉƚĞĚ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐ ŝƚ ŐĞŶĞƌĞƚĞƐ ƐǇŶƚĂĐƟĐĂů ƚŽƉŽůŽŐŝĞƐ ĂŶĚ ƚŽƉŽŐƌĂƉŚŝĞƐ ŽĨ Ă ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ͘ dŚŝƐ ĚĂƚĂ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬŝŶŐ ŝƐ ƚŚĞŶ ĂƉƉůŝĞĚ ŽŶƚŽ ĨŽƌŵĂů ƐǇƐƚĞŵƐ ƚƌǇŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƵŶĐŽǀĞƌ Ă ŶĞǁ ƐƉĂƟĂůŝƚǇ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƚŚĞŝƌ ŝŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ŝŶƚĞƌƌĂĐƟŽŶ͘ dŚŝƐ ƉƌŝŵĂƌǇ ƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞŶ ĂƉƉůŝĞĚ ŝŶ ƌĞĂů ƚĞƌŵƐ ĂŶĚ ŝŶƚĞŶĚƐ ƚŽ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĂƐ Ă ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ŵĞƚŚŽĚ͘ dŚĞƐĞ ƐǇŶƚĂĐƟĐĂů ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚƐ ĂƌĞ ƉƌŽũĞĐƚĞĚ ŽŶƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƵƌďĂŶ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚ͘ dŚĞ ƐǇŶƚĂĐƟĐĂů ĚĂƚĂ ĂƌĞ ƌĞƉůĂĐĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĚĂƚĂ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ŝƚƐĞůĨ ŝƐ ĞŶĐŽƵŶƚĞƌĞĚ ĂƐ ĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ ƚĞǆƚ ƚŽ ďĞ ƚƌĂŶƐůĂƚĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞƌ͘ dŚĞ ƵƌďĂŶ ůĂŶĚƐĐĂƉĞ ŝƐ ƌĞĚĞĮŶĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƌĞͲƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ Žƌ ƌĞͲǁƌŝƟŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĂŶĚ Ă ŶĞǁ ĂƌĐŚŝƚĞĐƚƵƌĂů ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ŝƐ ĞŵĞƌŐŝŶŐ͘ dŚŝƐ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ŵĞƚŚŽĚ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝƐ ŐƌĂĚƵĂůůǇ ĚĞƉůŽǇĞĚ͕ ĞŶĚƐ ƵƉƐ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƟŶŐ Ă ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶĂů ĂŶĚ ĨŽƌŵĂů ƐƚƌĂƚĞŐǇ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚƐ Ă t/&/ ŵĞƐŚ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ĞŶƚƌĂů WĂƌŬ͘ dŚĞ ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞƌ͕ ŶŽǁĂĚĂǇƐ͕ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƌĞĂůŝƚǇ ĂŶĚ ŝƚƐ ĚŝŐŝƚĂů ĂŶĂůŽŐƵĞ ;ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ Ͳ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĐŽƵůĚ ĂůƐŽ ďĞ ƉĞƌĐĞŝǀĞĚ ĂƐ Ă ŚǇƉĞƌͲƚĞǆƚͿ͕ ŐƵŝĚĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŚŝĚĚĞŶ ĚŝŐŝƚĂů ŶĞƚͲ ǁŽƌŬƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĮŶĂůůǇ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶĞĚ͕ ƚŽŐĞƚŚĞƌ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ ďƵŝůƚ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŵĞŶƚ ĚĂƚĂ͕ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ŝŵŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ͘

CONTENTS. C CO CON ON ONT NTTEN NTE ENT NTTS. NTS S

ii.

23.

INFINITELIBRARY ORMYMONKEYWROTEHAMLETLASTNIGHT SCRIPTEDSYNTACTICALTOPOLOGIES

GENERATIVEPARSETREES TOWARDSARECURSIVESYNTACTICALSYSTEM

42.

IMPACTONASUBSYSTEM

56.

FORMALINVESTIGATION

iii.

70.

URBANIMPLEMENTATION

iv.

90.

BEHAVIORALCOMPLEXITY

116. 138. 156.

TOWARDSAPSYCHOGEOGRAPHICALHYPERTEXT

TOWARDS A SPATIAL MANIFESTATION OF THE SYNTACTICAL TOPOLOGIES

DESIGN PROPOSAL: WIFI HOTSPOTS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN CENTRAL PARK/A VOLUMIZED MANIFESTATION

TOWARDS THE BEHAVIORAL COMPLEXITY OF THE SYSTEM/ FUNCTIONALITY

SPATIALINVESTIGATION SPATIAL INSTANCES, PLACEMENT IN ACTUAL LOCATIONS

CONCLUSION

APPENDIX

(RE)WRITTENTEXT INTRODUCTIONTOASYNTACTICALSPATIALITY

[i.]

TOWARDS A SYNTACTICAL TOPOLOGY d,ZKh',d d, h^ K& d, ^ Z/Wd WZKW Zd/ ^ K& ^WZ/E' ^z^d D͘

΀dŚĞ ƉƌŽũĞĐƚ ŝƐ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶŝŶŐ ƵŶĚĞƌ ƚŚƌĞĞ ƐĞƋƵĞŶƟĂů ŚǇƉŽƚŚĞƐŝƐ͘ ůů ƚŚĞ ƚŚƌĞĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞŵ ŚĂĚ ĂƐ Ă ƐƚĂƌƟŶŐ ƉŽŝŶƚ ƚŚĞ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂů ƌĞůĂƟŽŶ ƚŚĂƚ ŵĂǇ ĞǆŝƐƚ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĂĐĞ͘ dŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ŚǇƉŽƚŚĞƐŝƐ ĞůĂďŽƌĂƚĞƐ Ă ŵĂĐŚŝŶŝƐƟĐ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝƐ ĚĞƉĞŶĚĞŶƚ ŽŶ ƐƉĂƟĂů ƉĂƌĂŵĞƚĞƌƐ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞƌĞ ŝƐ Ă ƉĂƌĂůůĞů ŽďƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚŽƉŽŐƌĂƉŚŝĐ ŽƵƚĐŽŵĞ ĂŶĚ ƚŚŝƐ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ͘ dŚĞ ƐĞĐŽŶĚ ŚǇƉŽƚŚĞƐŝƐ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƚĞƐ ĂŶ ĞǀŽůƵƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ŽŶĞ ĂŶĚ ĨŽĐƵƐĞƐ ŵŽƌĞ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ǁĂǇ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĂŶĂůǇǌĞĚ ĨƌŽŵ Ă ƐǇŶƚĂĐƟĐĂů ƉŽŝŶƚ ŽĨ ǀŝĞǁ ĂŶĚ ŚŽǁ ƚŚĞ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ ŚĂĚ ƉƌĞǀŝŽƵƐůǇ ďĞĞŶ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚ͕ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĞŶƌŝĐŚĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚŝƐ ŶĞǁ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ͘ dŚŝƐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵĂƟĐĂů ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĚŝƐƐĞŵŝŶĂƟŽŶ ƐƚĂƌƚƐ ƚŽ ŝŵƉůŝĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĐŽƵůĚ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚ ĂŶǇ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ĚĂƚĂ ƚŚĂƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ŝŶ Ă ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐĞĚ ŵĂŶŶĞƌ͘ dŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞ͕ƚŚĞƌĞ ŝƐ Ă ůŝƚĞƌĂů ƚƌĂŶƐůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ƚŚĂƚ ŵŽǀĞƐ ƚŽǁĂƌĚƐ ƚŚĞ ŶŽƟŽŶ ŽĨ ,zW Zd yd ŝŶƐƚĞĂĚ ŽĨ ƚĞǆƚ͘ dŚŝƐ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ƚŚŝƌĚ ŚǇƉŽƚŚĞƐŝƐ ĂŶĚ ŝƚ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚŝƐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƐĞĞŶ ĂƐ Ă ǁŝĚĞ ĚĂƚĂ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ƚƌĂŶƐůĂƚĞĚ ŝŶ ŵĂŶǇ ǁĂǇƐ ĂŶĚ ĂīĞĐƚ Žƌ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĐƚ ǁŝƚŚ Ă ŶĞǁ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͘ WŽƚĞŶƟĂůůǇ͕ ŝŶ Ă ĨƵƌƚŚĞƌ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ƚŚŝƐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͘΁

d, >/ Z Zz K& > OR MY MONKEY WROTE HAMLET LAST NIGHT

TRIGGER /Ŷ ϭϵϰϭ :ŽƌŐĞ >ƵŝƐ ŽƌŐĞƐ ŝŶ ŚŝƐ ƐŚŽƌƚ ƐƚŽƌǇ ͕ ƚŚĞ ͚>/ Z Zz K& >͛ ĐŽŶĐĞŝǀĞĚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞ ĂƐ Ă ǀĂƐƚ ůŝďƌĂƌǇ͘ dŚŝƐ ůŝďƌĂƌǇ ŝƐ ďƵŝůƚ ŽƵƚ ŽĨ ĐĞůůƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŚŽƐƚ Ăůů ƚŚĞ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ǁŽƌĚƐ ŝŶ ĞǀĞƌǇ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ͘ dŚĞ ŝŶŚĂďŝƚĂŶƚƐ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞ ďĞůŝĞǀĞ ƚŚĂƚ ŝĨ ĞǀĞƌǇ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ĐŽŵďŝŶĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌĚƐ ƚĂŬĞƐ ƉůĂĐĞ͕ ƚŚĞŶ ĞǀĞƌǇ ĐŽŚĞƌĞŶƚ ďŽŽŬ ĞǀĞƌ ǁƌŝƩĞŶ͕ Žƌ ƚŚĂƚ ŵŝŐŚƚ ĞǀĞƌ ďĞ ǁƌŝƩĞŶ͕ ĂŶĚ ĞǀĞƌǇ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ƉĞƌŵƵƚĂƟŽŶ Žƌ ƐůŝŐŚƚůǇ ĞƌƌŽŶĞŽƵƐ ǀĞƌƐŝŽŶ ŽĨ ĞǀĞƌǇ ŽŶĞ ŽĨ ƚŚŽƐĞ ďŽŽŬƐ ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂůůǇ ĐĂŶ ĞŵĞƌŐĞ͘;ϭͿ /Ŷ ƚŚĞ ƐĂŵĞ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚ ƚŚĞ ͚/E&/E/d DKE< z d, KZ D͛ ƐƚĂƚĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ Ă ŵŽŶŬĞǇ ŚŝƫŶŐ ŬĞǇƐ Ăƚ ƌĂŶĚŽŵ ŽŶ Ă ƚǇƉĞǁƌŝƚĞƌ ŬĞǇďŽĂƌĚ ĨŽƌ ĂŶ ŝŶĮŶŝƚĞ ĂŵŽƵŶƚ ŽĨ ƟŵĞ ǁŝůů ĂůŵŽƐƚ ƐƵƌĞůǇ ƚǇƉĞ Ă ŐŝǀĞŶ ƚĞǆƚ͕ ƐƵĐŚ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ǁŽƌŬƐ ŽĨ tŝůůŝĂŵ ^ŚĂŬĞƐƉĞĂƌĞ͘ ƚŚĞ ͞ŵŽŶŬĞǇ͟ ŝƐ ŶŽƚ ĂŶ ĂĐƚƵĂů ŵŽŶŬĞǇ͕ ďƵƚ Ă ŵĞƚĂƉŚŽƌ ĨŽƌ ĂŶ ĂďƐƚƌĂĐƚ ĚĞǀŝĐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞƐ ĂŶ ĞŶĚůĞƐƐ ƌĂŶĚŽŵ ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ůĞƩĞƌƐ ĂŶĚ ƐǇŵďŽůƐ͘;ϮͿ /ƚĂůŽ ĂůǀŝŶŽ͕ ŝŶ ŚŝƐ ƚƵƌŶ͕ ŝŶ ŚŝƐ ŶŽǀĞů ͚KE t/Ed Z͛^ E/',d dZ s > Z͛ ͕ Ă ǁƌŝƚĞƌ͕ ĞŶĐŽƵŶƚĞƌƐ Ă ǁŽŵĂŶ ǁŚŽ ƌĞĨƵƐĞƐ ƚŽ ƌĞĂĚ ŚŝƐ ŶŽǀĞůƐ͕ ďƵƚ ŝŶƐƚĞĂĚ ĨĞĞĚƐ ƚŚĞŵ ĂƐ ĚĂƚĂ ŝŶƚŽ Ă ƐƚĂƟƐƟĐĂů ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵ͗ ͚͚^ŚĞ ĞǆƉůĂŝŶĞĚ ƚŽ ŵĞ ƚŚĂƚ Ă ƐƵŝƚĂďůǇ ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŵĞĚ ĐŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ ĐĂŶ ƌĞĂĚ Ă ŶŽǀĞů ŝŶ Ă ĨĞǁ ŵŝŶƵƚĞƐ ĂŶĚ ƌĞĐŽƌĚ ƚŚĞ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ Ăůů ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌĚƐ ĐŽŶƚĂŝŶĞĚ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ͕ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ŽĨ ĨƌĞƋƵĞŶĐǇ͘ ͞dŚĂƚ ǁĂǇ / ĐĂŶ ŚĂǀĞ ĂŶ ĂůƌĞĂĚǇ ĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞĚ ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ Ăƚ ŚĂŶĚ͕͟ >ŽƚĂƌŝĂ ƐĂǇƐ͕ ͞ǁŝƚŚ ĂŶ ŝŶĐĂůĐƵůĂďůĞ ƐĂǀŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƟŵĞ͘ tŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ Ă ƚĞǆƚ͕ ŝŶ ĨĂĐƚ͕ ĞǆĐĞƉƚ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶ ƚŚĞŵĂƟĐ ƌĞĐƵƌƌĞŶĐĞƐ͕ ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶ ŝŶƐŝƐƚĞŶĐĞƐ ŽĨ

d, >/ Z Zz K& >

ĨŽƌŵƐ ĂŶĚ ŵĞĂŶŝŶŐƐ͍͘ ͘ ͛͛͘ ;ϯͿ /DW> D Ed d/KE dĂŬŝŶŐ ŝŶƚŽ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂƟŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĂďŽǀĞ ƚŚƌĞĞ ŵĞƚĂƉŚŽƌƐ͕ ƚŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ŚǇƉŽƚŚĞƐŝƐ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ƉƌŽũĞĐƚ ĨŽĐƵƐĞƐ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ Žƌ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ĂŶ ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŵŝĐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ͘ dŚĞ ƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ ƚƌŝĞƐ ƚŽ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƚĞ ǁŚĞƚŚĞƌ ƚŚĞƌĞ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĂŶǇ ƚŽƉŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ƌĞůĂƟŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ĂŶĚ ƐƉĂĐĞ ĂŶĚ ŚŽǁ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌĂŵĞƚƌŝĐ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůƐ ŽŶ ĂŶǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞƐĞ ƚǁŽ ĂƐƉĞĐƚƐ ŝŶŇƵĞŶĐĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĂĐĞ͕ ĨŽƌŵƐ ĂŶĚ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚ͘ dŚŝƐ ĂƉƉƌŽĂĐŚ ŽĨ ƚĞǆƚ ŶŽƚ ƉĞƌĐĞŝǀĞĚ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂƟǀĞ ǁĂǇ ůĞĂĚƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĚĂƚĂ ĂƐ ǁĞůů ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ůŝŶŬĂŐĞ ŽĨ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ͘ dŚĞ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ĨŽůůŽǁĞĚ ŝƐ ďĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ ĂŶ ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŵ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂƚĞƐ ĨŽƵƌ ĚŝĐƟŽŶĂƌŝĞƐ ĂŶĚ Ă ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͘ dŚĞ ĨŽƵƌ ĚŝĐƟŽŶĂƌŝĞƐ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ŝŶĮŶŝƚĞ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞ ŽĨ ǁŽƌĚƐ ŝŶ Ă ĐŚĂŽƟĐůǇ ŝŶĮŶŝƚĞ ƐƉĂĐĞ ƐƵĐŚ ĂƐ ƚŚŝƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ͘ dŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ƚŽŽů ŝŶƐŝĚĞ ƚŚŝƐ ƵŶŝǀĞƌƐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ĂůůŽǁƐ Ăůů ƚŚĞ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ĐŽŵďŝŶĂƟŽŶƐ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ǁŽƌĚƐ ƚŽ ƚĂŬĞ ƉůĂĐĞ͘ dŚĞ ƵƐĞƌ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůƐ ďŽƚŚ ƚŚĞ ŶƵŵďĞƌ ŽĨ ǁŽƌĚƐ ůŽĂĚĞĚ ĞǀĞƌǇ ƟŵĞ ĂƐ ǁĞůů ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͕ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ^ƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͘ ^Ž Ă ĐŽŵƉƵƚĂƟŽŶĂů ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ƚĂŬĞƐ ƐŝŵƵůĂƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ŝŵĂŐŝŶĂƌǇ ƉƌŽƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŽƌŐĞƐ͕ ŝŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ƚŚĞ DŽŶŬĞǇ ƚŚĞŽƌĞŵ ĂŶĚ ůĞƚƐ Ă ŵĂĐŚŝŶĞ ƚŽ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ƚĞǆƚ ŝŶ Ă ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ŵĂŶŶĞƌ ĂƐ /ƚĂůŽ ĂůǀŝŶŽ ŝŵƉůŝĞƐ͘ PROCEDURE dŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂƐ Ă ďĂĐŬ ĂŶĚ ĨŽƌƚŚ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĂĐĞ͘ WŽŝŶƚƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚ Ă ǁŽƌĚ ƚŚĂƚ ďĞůŽŶŐƐ ƚŽ Ă ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶ ƉĂƌƚ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ŝŶƚĞƌƌĂĐƚ ŝŶ Ă ŐŝǀĞŶ ƐƉĂĐĞ ĂŶĚ ĐƌĞĂƚĞ Ă ƚŽƉŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ Žƌ Ă ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ͘ dŚĞ ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĨŽƌŵ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚŽƉŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ĂƌĞ ƵƉ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƌĞůĂƟǀŝƚǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞƐĞ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝƐ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůůĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƚ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ŝŶ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƚŚĞǇ ďĞůŽŶŐ ƚŽ͘ dŚŝƐ ŝŶƚĞƌƌĂĐƟŽŶ ŝƐ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂůůǇ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝƐĞĚ ƚŚĂŶŬƐ ƚŽ Ă ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ͘ dŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĞƐ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌĚƐ ŝŶ Ă ƐƉĂƟĂů ƉůĂĐĞŵĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ůŝŶŬƐ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƉĂƌƚƐ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ͘ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŝƐ ƉƌĞĨĞƌƌĞĚ ƌĂƚŚĞƌ ƚŚĂŶ Ă ƐŝŵƉůĞ ůŝŶĞ ůŝŶŬĂŐĞ ďĞĐĂƵƐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƉƌŽƉĞƌƚǇ ƚŽ

ϭ͘ ŽƌŐĞƐ͕ :ŽƌŐĞ >ƵŝƐ͕ dŚĞ dŽƚĂů >ŝďƌĂƌǇ͗ EŽŶͲ&ŝĐƟŽŶ ϭϵϮϮͲϭϵϴϲ͘ ůůĞŶ >ĂŶĞ dŚĞ WĞŶŐƵŝŶ WƌĞƐƐ͕ >ŽŶĚŽŶ͕ ϮϬϬϬ͘ WĂŐĞƐ ϮϭϰͲϮϭϲ͘ dƌĂŶƐůĂƚĞĚ ďǇ ůŝŽƚ tĞŝŶďĞƌŐĞƌ͘ Ϯ͘ tŝŬŝƉĞĚŝĂ͕ /ŶĮŶŝƚĞ ŵŽŶŬĞǇ ƚŚĞŽƌĞŵ͕ ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĞŶ͘ǁŝŬŝƉĞĚŝĂ͘ŽƌŐͬǁŝŬŝͬ/ŶĮŶŝƚĞͺŵŽŶŬĞǇͺƚŚĞŽƌĞŵ ϯ͘ ĂůǀŝŶŽ͕ /ƚĂůŽ͕ /Ĩ ŽŶ Ă ǁŝŶƚĞƌ͛Ɛ ŶŝŐŚƚ Ă ƚƌĂǀĞůĞƌ͕ ŝŶĂƵĚŝ͕ ϭƐƚ ĞĚŝƟŽŶ ;/ƚĂůŝĂŶͿ͕ ϭϵϳϵ͘ dƌĂŶƐůĂƚĞĚ ďǇ tŝůůŝĂŵ tĞĂǀĞƌ͕ ϭϵϴϭ͘

/E&/E/d DKE< z d, KZ D

ŽƐĐŝůůĂƚĞ ƵŶĚĞƌ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ĐŝƌĐƵŵƐƚĂŶĐĞƐ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ĂĐƋƵŝƌĞ Ă ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶ ďĂůĂŶĐĞ͘ dŚŝƐ ďĂůĂŶĐĞ͕ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚƐ͕ ƚĂŬĞƐ ƉůĂĐĞ ǁŚĞŶ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƚƐ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ŚĂǀĞ ƚŚĞ ƌŝŐŚƚ ƚŽƉŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ƉůĂĐĞŵĞŶƚ͘ &ƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ͕ ƚŚĞ ůĂŶĚƐĐĂƉĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ŝƐ ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚůǇ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵŝŶŐ ƵŶƟů ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƌĞĂĐŚĞƐ Ă ƌĞůĂƟǀĞ ďĂůĂŶĐĞ͘ ^Ž ƚŚĞƌĞ ŝƐ Ă ĐĂƚĂůŽŐƵĞ ŽĨ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ůĂŶĚƐĐĂƉĞƐ ĞŵĞƌŐŝŶŐ͘ dŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ͕ ĂƐ ǁĞůů͕ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂů ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĂƌĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ŝƐ ĂīĞĐƚĞĚ ŶŽƚ ŽŶůǇ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƐŝǌĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŐŝǀĞŶ ƐƉĂĐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ǁŚŽůĞ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ƚĂŬĞƐ ƉůĂĐĞ͕ ďƵƚ ĂůƐŽ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ǁĂǇ ŝƚ ƌĞĂĐƚƐ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚŝƐ ƐƉĂĐĞ͘ /ƚ ŝƐ ƚŚŝƐ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĐƟŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚĞǆƚ ĂŶĚ ƐƉĂĐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƚĞĚ͘ THE RULES dŚĞ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ƐƚĂƌƚƐ ĂŌĞƌ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞƌ ŚĂƐ ƐĞƚ ǀĂůƵĞƐ ƚŽ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ƉĂƌĂŵĞƚĞƌƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ƚŚĞ ĚŝĐͲ ƟŽŶĂƌŝĞƐ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͘ ǀĞƌǇ ǁŽƌĚ ůŽĂĚĞĚ ƌĂŶĚŽŵůǇ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŚĂƐ Ă ƉƌĞͲĂƐƐŝŐŶĞĚ ǀĂůƵĞ ƚŚĂƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂƐ ĂŶ ŝĚĞŶƟƚǇ ĂŶĚ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚǇ ŽĨ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ Žƌ ŽĨ ĚŝƐƚĂŶĐĞ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŶĞŝŐŚďŽƌͲǁŽƌĚ͘ dŚŝƐ ǀĂůƵĞ ŝƐ ƐĞƚ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƚ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ǁŽƌĚ ƌĞƉƌĞͲ sents. dŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƐƚĂƌƚƐ ƚŽ ŽƐĐŝůůĂƚĞ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ŐŝǀĞŶ ǁŽƌĚƐ ĂŶĚ ůĞĂĚƐ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌĚͲƉĂƌƟĐůĞƐ ƚŽ ŝŶƚĞƌƌĂĐƚ ĂŵŽŶŐ ƚŚĞŵ͘ ƚŽƉŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ ƐƚĂƌƚƐ ƚŽ ĞŵĞƌŐĞ ĂŶĚ ŬĞĞƉƐ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵŝŶŐ ƵŶƟů ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƐĞĞŵƐ ƚŽ ŚĂǀĞ ĂĐƋƵŝƌĞĚ Ă ďĂůĂŶĐĞ͘ dŚĞ ƚŽƉŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ ŝƐ ŵŽƌĞ Ă ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌͲ ŝǌĞĚ ďǇ ĂƌĞĂƐ ŵŽƌĞ Žƌ ůĞƐƐ ĚĞŶƐĞ͘ /ƚ ŝƐ ŽďǀŝŽƵƐ ƚŚĂƚ Ă ĚĞŶƐĞ ĂƌĞĂ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ŽŶĞ ƚŚĂƚ ŚĂƐ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ Ă ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ͘ dŚĞ ƚŽƉŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ŝƐ ĂīĞĐƚĞĚ ďǇ͗ ͺƚŚĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ͺƌĞƐƚ >ĞŶŐƚŚ ;LͿ͗ ůĞŶŐƚŚ ŽĨ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ͺĚĂŵƉŝŶŐ͗ ĨƌŝĐƟŽŶ ĂĐƟŶŐ ŽƉƉŽƐŝƚĞ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĚŝƌĞĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŵŽƟŽŶ ͺŵĂƐƐ͗ ŵĂƐƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ͺƚŚĞ ĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĂĐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŝŶƚĞƌƌĂĐƚƐ ͺƚŚĞ ǀĂůƵĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĂƌĞ ĂƐƐŝŐŶĞĚ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƉĂƌƚƐ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ͗

point a ǀĞƌď

ĂĚǀĞƌď ĂĚũĞĐƟǀĞ ŶŽƵŶ ĂƌƟĐůĞ ƉƌŽŶŽƵŶ ĐŽŶũƵŶĐƟŽŶ ǀĞƌď

ŝŶƚĞƌĂĐƟŽŶ ĨĂĐƚŽƌ ;ŵĂǆ ϭͿ 0.9 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.1

ŶŽƵŶ

ĂĚǀĞƌď ĂĚũĞĐƟǀĞ ǀĞƌď ĂƌƟĐůĞ ƉƌŽŶŽƵŶ ĐŽŶũƵŶĐƟŽŶ ŶŽƵŶ

0.4 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.1

ĂĚǀĞƌď

ĂĚǀĞƌď ĂĚũĞĐƟǀĞ ŶŽƵŶ ĂƌƟĐůĞ ƉƌŽŶŽƵŶ ĐŽŶũƵŶĐƟŽŶ ǀĞƌď

0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.9

ĂĚũĞĐƟǀĞ

ĂĚǀĞƌď ĂĚũĞĐƟǀĞ ŶŽƵŶ ĂƌƟĐůĞ ƉƌŽŶŽƵŶ ĐŽŶũƵŶĐƟŽŶ

0.2 0.1 0.9 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4

ĂƌƟĐůĞ

ĂĚǀĞƌď ĂĚũĞĐƟǀĞ ŶŽƵŶ ĂƌƟĐůĞ ƉƌŽŶŽƵŶ ĐŽŶũƵŶĐƟŽŶ ǀĞƌď

0.2 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.2

ƉƌŽŶŽƵŶ

ĂĚǀĞƌď ĂĚũĞĐƟǀĞ ŶŽƵŶ ĂƌƟĐůĞ ƉƌŽŶŽƵŶ ĐŽŶũƵŶĐƟŽŶ ǀĞƌď

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.5

ĐŽŶũƵŶĐƟŽŶ

ĂĚǀĞƌď ĂĚũĞĐƟǀĞ ŶŽƵŶ ĂƌƟĐůĞ ƉƌŽŶŽƵŶ ĐŽŶũƵŶĐƟŽŶ ǀĞƌď

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.5

ŶŽƵŶ ǀĞƌď

ĂĚǀĞƌď ǀĞƌď

ǀĞƌď

point b

ĂĚũĞĐƟǀĞ

SYNTACTICAL TOPOLOGIES

NON LINEAR NETWORKING OF THE WORDS OF THE ENGLISH THESAURUS. SYNTACTICAL ADJACENCY BASED ON THE BALANCING TENDENCY OF A DYNAMICAL SPRING SYSTEM.

SPEECH NETWORKS PRODUCTION

TEST 1 SPRING CONTROLS Z ^d > E'd,ͺϮϬϬ DW/E'ͺϬ͘ϵϵϱ D ^^ͺϭϬϬϬ SPEECH CONTROLS & dKZͺEhD Z K& tKZ ^ͺϱϳ

tKZ ^ >K ĞŝŐŚƚĞĞŶ͕ĂĚũ ĚŝŐŝƚĂƚĞůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ďŝƌŬĞŶ͕ĂĚũ ĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚƵƌĞ͕Ŷ ƐƚƌŽŶŐŝƐŚ͕ĂĚũ ƐƵůƉŚƵƌĞŽƵƐ͕Ŷ ĚĞƌĂŶŐĞĚ͕ĂĚũ ŵĂƌŝĂĐŚŝ͕Ŷ ĨĂƚůĞƐƐ͕ĂĚũ ƐĂŶďĞŶŝƚŽƐ͕Ŷ ǁŽŽĚǁŝŶĚ͕ĂĚũ ĂŐŐƌĂĚĂƟŽŶƐ͕Ŷ ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŝƐƚ͕ĂĚũ ŶĞďƵůŝƐĞƌƐ͕Ŷ ďůĂŵĞĨƵů͕ĂĚũ ŐůŽƐƐĞĐƚŽŵŝĞƐ͕Ŷ ƵƉƐƚƌĞĂŵ͕ĂĚǀ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŝƌĂƟŽŶ͕Ŷ ĂƐƋƵŝŶƚ͕ĂĚǀ ŝŶƐĂůŝǀĂƚĞ͕ǀ ĚĂƌŬůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ŝƐŽĐŚƌŽŶŝǌĞĚ͕ǀ ƉĂƌĚǇ͕ĂĚǀ ĚĞŵŽďŝůŝƐĞĚ͕ǀ ĨƵƌƚŚĞƐƚ͕ĂĚǀ ĚŝƐŚĂƌŵŽŶŝǌĞ͕ǀ ƌĞƐŽůǀĞĚůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ƌĞŝŶĐĂƌŶĂƚĞ͕ǀ ĚĞƌŝĚŝŶŐůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ƚĂďƵůĂƌŝǌĞĚ͕ǀ

ƉĂƐƋƵŝŶĂĚŝŶŐ͕ǀ ĐƵƌĂƌŝǌĞƐ͕ǀ ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ Ă͕Ăƌƚ Ă͕Ăƌƚ Ă͕Ăƌƚ ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ ĂŶƟĐŝƉĂƚĞƐ͕ĐŽŶ ĂůŬĂůŝŶŝƐĞĚ͕ĐŽŶ ĐŚĂƉĞƌŽŶŝŶŐ͕ĐŽŶ ĐĂŶŽŶŝǌĞƐ͕ĐŽŶ ǁŝĨĞůǇ͕ĐŽŶ

ĐŝƌĐƵůĂƚĞĚ͕ĐŽŶ ǀŝůůŽƐĞ͕ĐŽŶ ĂƵƐĐƵůƚĂƟŶŐ͕ĐŽŶ ŽƵƌ͕ƉƌŽŶ ŽƵƌ͕ƉƌŽŶ ǇŽƵƌƐĞůĨ͕ƉƌŽŶ ŝƚƐ͕ƉƌŽŶ ĞǀĞƌǇďŽĚǇ͕ƉƌŽŶ ĞǀĞƌǇďŽĚǇ͕ƉƌŽŶ ǁĞ͕ƉƌŽŶ ŽƵƌƐ͕ƉƌŽŶ

ͺƐƚĂƌƟŶŐ ƉŽŝŶƚ ǁŽƌĚƐ ůŽĂĚĞĚ ĂŶĚ ƌĂŶĚŽŵůǇ ƉůĂĐĞĚ ŝŶ Ă ŐŝǀĞŶ ƐƉĂĐĞ

600 1000

ͺďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĨĂĐƚŽƌ ŽĨ ƌĞůĂƟǀŝƚǇ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƚƐ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ƚŚĂƚ ĞǀĞƌǇ ƉĂƌƟͲ ĐůĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚƐ

ͺďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ ĞǀŽůƵƟŽŶ ŐƌĂĚƵĂů ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌĚƐ ŝŶƚŽ ŐƌŽƵƉƐ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƐǇŶƚĂǆ ƌĞůĂƟǀŝƚǇ 600 1000

ͺďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ ĞǀŽůƵƟŽŶ ŵŽƌĞ ĐůĞĂƌ ŐƌŽƵƉŝŶŐ͕ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŵŽƌĞ ĚĞŶƐĞ ĂƌĞĂƐ͕ ĐŽŶƐƟͲ ƚƵƟŶŐ Ă ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ƐǇŶƚĂĐƟĐĂů 600 ĐŽƌƌĞĐƚ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ

1000

͚͚tĞ͕ ďůĂŵĞĨƵů ŶĞďƵůŝƐĞƌƐ ĂůŬĂůŝŶͲ ŝǌĞĚ ŝƚƐ ŝƐŽĐŚƌŽŶŝǌĞĚ ŝŶƐĂůůŝĐĂƚ ŐŝŽƐƐĞĐƚŽŵŝĞƐ ƉĂƌĚůǇ͕ ĞǀĞƌǇďŽĚǇ ĐĂŶŽŶŝǌĞƐ ĂŐŐƌĂĚĂƟŽŶƐ ǁŝĨĞůǇ͛͛

͚͚ ǀĞƌǇďŽĚǇ ĐŚĂƉĞƌŽŶŝŶŐ͕ ƌĞŝŶͲ ĐĂƌŶĂƚĞ ĚĞƌŝĚŝŶŐůǇ ĂŶ ƵƉƐƚƌĞĂŵ ĨƵƌƚŚĞƐƚ ǁŽŽĚǁŝŶĚ͛͛

͚͚ ŝŐŝƚĂƚĞůǇ ĂŶƟĐŝƉĂƚĞƐ Ă ĚĂƌŬůǇ ƐƵůƉŚƵƌŽƵƐ ĐŝƌĐƵůĂƚĞĚ ǀŝůůŽƐĞ ĂƐƋƵŝŶƚ ƚƌĂŶƐƉŝƌĂƟŽŶ͕ ŽƵƌ ĨĂƚůĞƐƐ ĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚƵƌĞ ƌĞƐŽůǀĞĚůǇ ĚĞƌĂŶŐĞĚ ǇŽƵƌƐĞůĨ͕ ĞŝŐŚƚĞĞŶ ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐŝŽŶŝƐƚ ŵĂƌŝĂĐŚŝ ĚĞŵŽďŝůŝƐĞĚ͛͛͘

ͺƌĞůĂƟǀĞ ďĂůĂŶĐĞ ĂĐŚŝĞǀĞĚ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ ŽƵƚĐŽŵĞ ǁƌŝƩĞŶ ŝŶ 600 Ă ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ

1000

TEST 2 SPRING CONTROLS Z ^d > E'd,ͺϮϬϬ DW/E'ͺϬ͘ϵϵϱ D ^^ͺϭϬϬϬ SPEECH CONTROLS & dKZͺEhD Z K& tKZ ^ͺϱϲ

tKZ ^ >K ĂƉƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƚĞƐ ƐƵƌŐŝŶŐ ďƌĞĂƚŚĂůǇƐĞƐ ƵŶĐƵƌǀĞĚ ĂƐƐŝďŝůĂƚĞ ďĂůůǇƌĂŐŐŝŶŐ ĐŽƵŶƚĞƌďĂůĂŶĐĞĚ ǁĞĂƉŽŶĞĚ

ĞŶƐĂŶŐƵŝŶŝŶŐ ďĞůŝǀĞ ǁŽŶŶĞƟǌŝŶŐ ƌĞĚĞůŝǀĞƌƐ ĐƌŝƟĐŝǌĞƌƐ ŝŶŇĂƚĂďůĞƐ ĐĞĂĐŝůŝĂŶƐ ƐƵďƚůĞ

ƐĐŚŝǌŽĐĂƌƉŽƵƐ ŝŵƉĞƌŝŽƵƐ ĂůŽŶĞ ĨĞƐƚĂů ŝŶƐĂŶĞ ƚƌĞĂĐůǇ ǀŝǆĞŶŝƐŚůǇ ƚƌŝĮĚ

ƐƵďƚůĞ ƐĂƌĐŽƵƐ ĂŚĞĂĚ ďĞůŝǀĞ the Ă ĂŶ the

‘‘Imperious, schizocarpous criticizers uncurved treacly, vixenishly, the festal, insane, appropriate surging. Alone breathlyses.’’

‘‘A counterbalanced trifid, ballyragging, weaponed a defencelessly sarcous ceacilian. Hereat, the ensanguining inflatablesassibilate belive ahead.’’

400 600

‘The sublte redelivers sonnetizing’

TEST 3 SPRING CONTROLS Z ^d > E'd,ͺϮϬϬ DW/E'ͺϬ͘ϵϵϱ D ^^ͺϭϬϬϬ SPEECH CONTROLS & dKZͺEhD Z K& tKZ ^ͺϳϭ

tKZ ^ >K interseptal,adj irresolute,adj protoplasmal,adj rhizophagous,adj idling,adj slumbrous,adj uninvited,adj quaggy,adj raising,adj exergonic,adj upgrade,adv afoot,adv crudely,adv

toughly,adv stepwise,adv imprecisely,adv incontinent,adv whereby,adv archly,adv athwart,adv palisade,n galvaniser,n underlinen,n millilitre,n removedness,n asperity,n

elusiveness,n advocation,n ritualise,n microbalance,n terminating,v lapidated,v propagandize,v reassemble,v overvalue,v poeticized,v illegalised,v overbidding,v involuted,v

hypostasize,v an,art the,art the,art an,art the,art an,art an,art an,art a,art a,art communizes,con allocating,con

barbequing,con aquaplaning,con wacky,con wasteful,con caravaning,con caponising,con whoreson,con vying,con its,pron anyone,pron someone,pron our,pron my,pron

her,pron your,pron himself,pron hers,pron nothing,pron

‘‘The archly stepwise involuted a barbequing thoughly, an athwart incontinent. Anyone reassemble nothing illegalised terminating your whoreson.’’

‘‘Her millilitre galvaniser ritualize an irresolute asperity, buaggy uninvited rhizophagous.’’

800

‘‘My palisade, allocating, caponising an vying someone afoot, a wacke upgrade the caravaning crudely, whereby imprecisely the wasteful.’’

1000

TEST 4 SPRING CONTROLS Z ^d > E'd,ͺϮϬϬ DW/E'ͺϬ͘ϵϵϱ D ^^ͺϭϬϬϬ

tKZ ^ >K

SPEECH CONTROLS & dKZͺEhD Z K& tKZ ^ͺϭϭϰ

ůŝŵƉůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ƐƚĞƌŶǁĂƌĚƐ͕ĂĚǀ ƚƌĂǀĞƌƐĞ͕ĂĚǀ ƐƉƌŝŐŚƚůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ŐƌŽƐƐůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ĚŝƌĞůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ĂĚƌŝŌ͕ĂĚǀ ͕ĂĚǀ ďĞĂƵƟĨƵůůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ƐƚĂŵŵĞƌŝŶŐůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ůĞŌǁĂƌĚ͕ĂĚǀ ƐĞĐŽŶĚ͕ĂĚǀ ǇǁŝƐ͕ĂĚǀ ŶŽƚǁŝƚŚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ͕ĂĚǀ ĂůŵŽƐƚ͕ĂĚǀ ůĂŶŬůǇ͕ĂĚǀ ŵĂŐŝƐƚĞƌǇ͕Ŷ ƐƵƉĞƌǀŝƐŝŶŐ͕Ŷ ďĂĐƚĞƌŝĐŝĚĞƐ͕Ŷ ĚĞƐƚƌƵĐƟŽŶŝƐƚƐ͕Ŷ ŶŝŐŚƚůŽŶŐ͕Ŷ ďĂƚƌĂĐŚŝĂŶ͕Ŷ

‘‘Supervising the metronymic desinences, a triturator allocating him, each cohobated rockabilly collimated destructionists downstairs.’’

ĞǆƚĞƌŶĂůŝƐƚƐ͕Ŷ ĂƚŵŽŵĞƚĞƌ͕Ŷ ŵĞůĂŶŽŵĂƐ͕Ŷ ŵĞƚƌŽŶǇŵŝĐ͕Ŷ ŵǇǆŽǀŝƌƵƐ͕Ŷ ƉĂůůŝĂƟŽŶƐ͕Ŷ ŵǇƚŚŽůŽŐŝƐƚƐ͕Ŷ ĚŝƐƉĞŶƐĂƌǇ͕Ŷ ƌŽĐŬĂďŝůůǇ͕Ŷ ĚĞƐŝŶĞŶĐĞƐ͕Ŷ ĐŽůƵŵĞůůĂƐ͕Ŷ ƚƌŝƚƵƌĂƚŽƌ͕Ŷ ĂƐĞŝƚǇ͕Ŷ ĚŽǁŶƐƚĂŝƌƐ͕Ŷ ůŝǆŝǀŝĂƚĞ͕ǀ ƉƌĞĨĂďƌŝĐĂƚĞƐ͕ǀ ĚĞƐƵůƉŚƵƌĂƚĞƐ͕ǀ ƌĞŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞƐ͕ǀ ƐĐĂŶĚĂůŝƐŝŶŐ͕ǀ ĚŝŵŝĚŝĂƚĞ͕ǀ ĞůŽŶŐĂƚĞĚ͕ǀ ŶŝĞůůŽŝŶŐ͕ǀ

ŝŵŝƚĂƚĞĚ͕ǀ ŵĞŵŽƌŝǌĞƐ͕ǀ ƐĂŶŝƟƐĞƐ͕ǀ ƐŽůŝĚŝĨǇ͕ǀ ƉƌĞĐŝƉŝƚĂƚĞƐ͕ǀ ĚŝƐƐĞŵŝŶĂƚĞ͕ǀ ǀĂůŽƌŝǌĞƐ͕ǀ ƉƌĞĚŝĐĂƟŶŐ͕ǀ ƌĞĂƉƉŽƌƟŽŶ͕ǀ ŵŝůŝƚĂƌŝǌĞ͕ǀ ĐƵůŵŝŶĂƚĞĚ͕ǀ ĚĞŵǇƐƟĮĞƐ͕ǀ ƚŚĞ͕Ăƌƚ Ă͕Ăƌƚ ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ ƚŚĞ͕Ăƌƚ ƚŚĞ͕Ăƌƚ ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ ƚŚĞ͕Ăƌƚ ƚŚĞ͕Ăƌƚ ƚŚĞ͕Ăƌƚ ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ

ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ Ă͕Ăƌƚ ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ Ă͕Ăƌƚ Ă͕Ăƌƚ ĂŶ͕Ăƌƚ ƚŚĞ͕Ăƌƚ ƚŚĞ͕Ăƌƚ Ă͕Ăƌƚ ǁŚĂĐŬǇ͕ĐŽŶ ďĂƐƟŶĂĚĞĚ͕ĐŽŶ ĐŽŶĨĂďƵůĂƚĞƐ͕ĐŽŶ ĐŝƌĐƵŵƐĐƌŝďŝŶŐ͕ĐŽŶ ĐŽŚŽďĂƚĞĚ͕ĐŽŶ ĐŝƌĐƵŵƐĐƌŝďŝŶŐ͕ĐŽŶ ĐĂƉĂƌŝƐŽŶ͕ĐŽŶ ĐĂƌĂŵĞůŝǌĞ͕ĐŽŶ ĂŶƚĂŐŽŶŝǌĞĚ͕ĐŽŶ ĐŽůůŝŵĂƚĞĚ͕ĐŽŶ ĂůůŽĐĂƟŶŐ͕ĐŽŶ ǁĞĂƚŚĞƌĞĚ͕ĐŽŶ ĂƉŽƐƚƌŽƉŚŝƐĞ͕ĐŽŶ

ĐŽŵŵĞŵŽƌĂƚĞ͕ĐŽŶ ĐĞƌĞďƌĂƟŶŐ͕ĐŽŶ ǀŝĐĞůĞƐƐ͕ĐŽŶ ǁĂƌƚůŝŬĞ͕ĐŽŶ ĐŝƌĐƵŵĐŝƐĞƐ͕ĐŽŶ ǁĞĞƉǇ͕ĐŽŶ ǀĂƐƚǇ͕ĐŽŶ ǁŚĂƚ͕ƉƌŽŶ ǇŽƵ͕ƉƌŽŶ ĞǀĞƌǇŽŶĞ͕ƉƌŽŶ ĂŶǇƚŚŝŶŐ͕ƉƌŽŶ ǁŚŽƐĞ͕ƉƌŽŶ ŝƚƐ͕ƉƌŽŶ ĞǀĞƌǇŽŶĞ͕ƉƌŽŶ ĞĂĐŚ͕ƉƌŽŶ ƚŚĞǇ͕ƉƌŽŶ ĞĂĐŚ͕ƉƌŽŶ ĞǀĞƌǇƚŚŝŶŐ͕ƉƌŽŶ ǇŽƵƌ͕ƉƌŽŶ ǇŽƵƌ͕ƉƌŽŶ ǇŽƵ͕ƉƌŽŶ ƐŽŵĞŽŶĞ͕ƉƌŽŶ

ǁĞ͕ƉƌŽŶ ǁŚŽƐĞ͕ƉƌŽŶ Śŝŵ͕ƉƌŽŶ ǁŚĂƚ͕ƉƌŽŶ ƚŚĞǇ͕ƉƌŽŶ

‘‘they scandalising the menopausal an stammeringly, prefabrication reincreases, terminably valorizes’’

800

1000

direly, anything not withstanding caramelise the confabulates you circumcises piecemeal, lankly they sprightly traverse what desulphurates its celebrating and you, everyone wartlike almost timely, grossly..

TEST 5 SPEECH CONTROLS FACTOR_NUMBER OF WORDS _120 5 interaction distance < 100 SPRING CONTROLS REST LENGTH _ 250 DAMPING _ 0.997 MASS_ 1000

interaction distance < 150 interaction distance < 200

SPEECH TOPOGRAPHY ZĞĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚƌĂũĞĐƚŽƌǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ͕ ŝŶ ĞǀĞƌǇ ĨƌĂŵĞ͘ 'ƌĂĚƵĂů ĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ Ă ƚŽƉŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ ĐƌĞĂƟŶŐ Ă ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂů ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ŽĨ Ă ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ƋƵĂůŝƟĞƐ ŽĨ ŝŶƚĞƌĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶƐ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƉĂƌƟĐůĞ ŝĚĞŶƟͲ ƟĞƐ͘ ŐƌĂĚƵĂů ĐŽŵƉůĞǆŝƚǇ ĞŵĞƌŐĞƐ ĂŶĚ ƐŝŵƵůĂƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ǁĂǇ Ă ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉƐ ĂŶĚ ĞŶǀĞůŽƉƐ ďĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶƐ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ŐŝǀĞŶ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ͘ ĞŶƐĞ ĂƌĞĂƐ ĂƌĞ ĨŽƌŵĞĚ ĐƌĞĂƟŶŐ ŬĞƌŶĞůƐ ŝŶƐŝĚĞ ƚŚĞ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͘ dŚĞ ŐƌĂĚƵĂůŝƚǇ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĚĞŶƐŝƚǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŽůŽƵƌ ŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞƐ ŚŽǁ ƐƚƌŽŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ŝƐ͘

800 2000 0

800 2000

800

2000

800

2000

800

2000

ŶĞǁůǇ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƚĞĚ Z ϯ ůŽǁ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ďĂůĂŶĐĞͬ ƵŶĚĞĮŶĞĚ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ

Z ϭ ĂƩƌĂĐŬŝŶŶŐ Z Ϯ ĐĂƵƐŝŶŐ ŝƚƐ ĚŝƐƉĞƌƐŝŽŶͬ ĚĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĐŽŶĐĞŶƚƌĂƟŽŶ

800

2000

AREA 1 ŵĞĚŝƵŵ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ďĂůĂŶĐĞͬ ŵĞĚŝƵŵ ĚĞŶƐŝƚǇ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ

800

2000

SPEECH TOPOGRAPHY

TEST 7 SPRING CONTROLS Z ^d > E'd,ͺϮϬϬ DW/E'ͺϬ͘ϵϵϱ D ^^ͺϭϬϬϬ interaction distance < 100

SPEECH CONTROLS & dKZͺEhD Z K& tKZ ^ͺϵϬ

ZĞĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚƌĂũĞĐƚŽƌǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ͕ ŝŶ ĞǀĞƌǇ ĨƌĂŵĞ ƵŶĚĞƌ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůƐ ĂŶĚ ĨƌĂŵĞ ƐŝǌĞ͘ dŚĞ ǁŝĚĞƌ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĂĐĞ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŽ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ďĂůĂŶĐĞ ůĞĂĚƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŵŽƌĞ ŽďǀŝŽƵƐ ŬĞƌŶĞů ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƌƵĐͲ ƚƵƌĞ͘ dŚĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůƐ ĂůƐŽ ŚĞůƉ ƚŚĞ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ƚŽ ĨŽƌŵ ŵŽƌĞ ĚŝƌĞĐƚůǇ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƌĞůĂƟǀĞ ĨĂĐƚŽƌƐ ĂŵŽŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƉĂƌƚƐ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ

interaction distance < 150 interaction distance < 200

900 2400

TEST 7 SPRING CONTROLS Z ^d > E'd,ͺϮϬϬ DW/E'ͺϬ͘ϵϵϱ D ^^ͺϭϬϬϬ interaction distance < 100 interaction distance < 150 interaction distance < 200

SPEECH C & dKZͺEhD Z K& tKZ ^ͺϵϬ

TEST 8 SPRING CONTROLS Z ^d > E'd,ͺϮϬϬ DW/E'ͺϬ͘ϵϵϱ D ^^ͺϭϬϬϬ SPEECH CONTROLS & dKZͺEhD Z K& tKZ ^ͺϯϬ

interaction distance < 100 interaction distance < 150 interaction distance < 200

TEST 9 SPRING CONTROLS Z ^d > E'd,ͺϮϬϬ DW/E'ͺϬ͘ϵϵϱ D ^^ͺϭϬϬϬ SPEECH CONTROLS & dKZͺEhD Z K& tKZ ^ͺϴϬ SPACE CONTROL h ^/ ͺϭϬϬϬͲϭϬϬϬ

΀ ĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ŝŶ ϯ ƐƉĂĐĞ͘ /ŶƐƚĞĂĚ ŽĨ Ă ƚŽƉŽͲ ŐƌĂƉŚŝĐ ͚ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ŵĂƉ͕͛ ǁŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚ ŝƐ ŵŽƌĞ Ă ƚŚƌĞĞ ĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂů ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ƚŚĂƚ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĂŶ ŽďũĞĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƚĞƐ Ă ƉŚƌĂƐĞ͘ dŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ďĞĐĂƵƐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŽŶĞ ĞǆƚƌĂ ĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĚ ƐĞĞŵƐ ƚŽ ďĞ ĂďůĞ ƚŽ ĂĐŚŝĞǀĞ ďĂůĂŶĐĞ ŵŽƌĞ ƋƵŝĐŬůǇ ĂŶĚ ŵŽƌĞ ĞĂƐŝůǇ͘ dŚĞ ďŝŐŐĞƌ ƚŚĞ ĨĂĐƚŽƌ ŶƵŵďĞƌ ŽĨ ǁŽƌĚƐ ŝƐ͕ ƚŚĞ ĚĞŶƐĞƌ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŵŽƌĞ ƐƚĂďůĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚ͘ /Ŷ ƚŚĞ ϯĚ ƐƉĂĐĞ͕ ƚŚĞƌĞ ĂƌĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ͕ ĂƐ ŽďũĞĐƚƐ͕ ĂƌƌĂŶŐĞĚ ŝŶ Ă ŐŝǀĞŶ ĐƵďĞ ƌĂƚŚĞƌ ƚŚĂŶ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶƐ ŽĨ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ŽĨ Ă ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ŝŶ Ă ƚǁŽ ĚŝŵĞŶͲ ƐŝŽŶĂů ďĂĐŬŐƌŽƵŶĚ͘΁

' E Z d/s W Z^ ^WZ/E'^

ŚǇƉŽƚŚĞƐŝƐ Ϯ ͬ ŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶ

THE ARGUMENT dŚĞ ƐĞĐŽŶĚ ŚǇƉŽƚŚĞƐŝƐ ĞǆƚĞŶĚƐ ƚŚĞ ǁĂǇ ƚŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ŽŶĞ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ͘ dŚĞ ůŝŵŝƚĞĚ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĨĂĐƚŽƌ ŚĂĚ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ŵĂĐŚiŶŝƐƟĐ ƚĞǆƚ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞĚ ƚŚĞ ŶĞĞĚ ĨŽƌ Ă ŵŽƌĞ ƐǇƐƚĞŵĂƟĐĂů ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂƟŽŶ͘ dŚŝƐ ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝƚǇ ůĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĂŶĂůǇƐŝƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ǁĂǇ ŝƚ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ŵĂŶĂŐĞĚ ĂƐ Ă ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ĨŽƌŵĞĚ ďǇ ƚŽƉŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ƌĞůĂƟŽŶƐ͘ dŚĞ ƐĞĐŽŶĚ ŚǇƉŽƚŚĞƐŝƐ ŝƐ ďĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĂů ůŝŶŐƵŝƐƟĐ ĚŝƐƐĞŵŝŶĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ Ă ŐŝǀĞŶ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ ŝŶ ƉĂƌƐĞ ƚƌĞĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶ ůŝŶŐƵŝƐƚƐ͕ ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐ EŽĂŵ ŚŽŵƐŬǇ͕ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚ͘ dŚŝƐ ƐǇŶƚĂĐƟĐĂů ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ͕ ĂƐ EŽĂŵ ŚŽŵƐŬǇ ƵŶĚĞƌůŝŶĞƐ͕ ĞŶĐŽƵŶƚĞƌƐ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ĂƐ Ă ƐĞƚ ŽĨ ĮŶŝƚĞ Žƌ ŝŶĮŶŝƚĞ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞƐ͕ ĞĂĐŚ ĮŶŝƚĞ ŝŶ ůĞŶŐƚŚ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƚĞĚ ŽƵƚ ŽĨ Ă ĮŶŝƚĞ ƐĞƚ ŽĨ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ͘ ;ϭͿ͘ &ƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ͕ ŚĞ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶĐĞŝǀĞƐ ŽĨ ŐƌĂŵŵĂƌ ĂƐ Ă ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƌƵůĞƐ ĨƌŽŵ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƉŚƌĂƐĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ƌĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƚĞĚ͘ DŽƌĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐĂůůǇ͕ ƚŚŝƐ ďƌĂŶĐŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ĨĂĐĞƐ Ă ŐŝǀĞŶ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ ĂƐ Ă ŵĞĐŚĂŶŝƐŵ ƚŚĂƚ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚĞĚ ŝŶƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƚƐ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ƵŶƟů ĞǀĞƌǇ ďƌĂŶĐŚ ĐĂŶ ŶŽ ŵŽƌĞ ďĞ ƐƉůŝƚ͘tŚĂƚ ĐĂƵƐĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂů ĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚĂƟŽŶ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶĐĞ Žƌ ŶŽƚ ŽĨ Ă ŶĞǁ ǀĞƌď Žƌ ŶŽƵŶ ƉŚƌĂƐĞ͘ dŚŝƐ ƐƵďƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŝŶ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ ĐĂƵƐĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƐĞ ƚƌĞĞ ƚŽ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƚĞ ŶĞǁ ďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐ͘ dŚĞ ƉŚƌĂƐĞ͕ ƚŚƵƐ͕ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĐŽŶĐĞŝǀĞĚ ĂƐ ŚĂǀŝŶŐ ŶƵĐůĞƵƐ ĂŶĚ ŵŽĚŝĮĐĂƟŽŶ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ͘ /ƚ ŝƐ ŽďǀŝŽƵƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚŝƐ ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂů ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĂŶĂůǇƐŝƐ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƐ ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶ ƚŽƉŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ͘ /ƚ ŝƐ ŶŽƚ ŽŶůǇ ƚŚŝƐ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƟǀĞ ďƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ƚŚĂƚ ĐƌĞĂƚĞƐ Ă ƐƉĂƟĂů ƌĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ďƵƚ ĂůƐŽ ƚŚĞ ĨĂĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ŝŶ ƚŚŝƐ ďƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŚĞƌĞ ĂƌĞ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĂƐ ĂŶ KZ/'/E ;ϮͿ ŽĨ Ă ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ůĞƐƐ ĐƌƵĐŝĂů ďƵƚ ŶĞĐĞƐƐĂƌǇ ĂƐ ƚŚĞǇ ŵŽĚŝĨǇ ƚŚĞ ĮŶĂů ŽƵƚĐŽŵĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƐĞ ƚƌĞĞ ;ϯͿ. ĂŶ ĞǆĂŵƉůĞ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝůůƵƐƚƌĂƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ĂďŽǀĞ ƐƚĂƚĞŵĞŶƚ͗ SENTENCE

NOUN PHRASE

WK^^ ^^/s PRONOUN

s Z W,Z ^

NOUN

s Z

NEGATION

s Z W,Z ^

s Z

s Z W,Z ^

PARTICLE

DǇ

ĐŚŝůĚ

did

not

ƚƌǇ

ϭ͘ ŚŽŵƐŬǇ͕ EŽĂŵ͕ ͚͚^ǇŶƚĂĐƟĐ ^ƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ͕͛͛ DŽƵƚŽŶ ĚĞ 'ƌƵǇƚĞƌ͕ ĞƌůŝŶ͕ ϭϵϱϳ Ϯ͕ϯ͘tŝŬŝƉĞĚŝĂ͕ ͚͚ ƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ;>ŝŶŐƵŝƐƟĐƐͿ͕͛͛ ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĞŶ͘ǁŝŬŝƉĞĚŝĂ͘ŽƌŐͬǁŝŬŝͬ ƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐͺ;ůŝŶŐƵŝƐƟĐƐͿ

s Z

PRONOUN

eat

ĂŶǇƚŚŝŶŐ

SPATIAL PROPERTIES dŚĞƌĞ ĂƌĞ ƐĞǀĞƌĂů ƚŽƉŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ŽďƐĞƌǀĞĚ ĞǀĞŶ ŝŶ ƚŚŝƐ ƐŝŵƉůĞ ĞǆĂŵƉůĞ͘ ͺ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƌŝǀĂƟǀĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ƚŚĂƚ ĐƌĞĂƚĞƐ Ă ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ŽĨ ďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶƐ ͺ ƚŚĞ ĞǆŝƐƚĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ĂŶ ŽƌŝŐŝŶ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĂĐƟǀĂƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ Ă ďƌĂŶĐŚ ͺ ƚŚĞ ĨĂĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞƐĞ ŽƌŝŐŝŶƐ ĂƌĞ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ Eh > h^ tKZ ^ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƚĞ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƵŶĚĂͲ ƟŽŶƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ͕ ǁŚŝůĞ Ăůů ƚŚĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ ǁŽƌĚƐ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĂĚĚŝƟŽŶĂůůǇ͘ dŚƵƐ͕ ƚŚĞ ƚŽƉŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ŝŶŇƵĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ Ă s Z Žƌ EKhE W,Z ^ ŝƐ ƐƚƌŽŶŐĞƌ ƚŚĂŶ ƚŚĂƚ ŽĨ Ăůů ƚŚĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ ǁŽƌĚƐ͘ ͺ ƚŚĞ ĨĂĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚŝƐ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ ŚĂƐ Ă ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶ ĚŝƌĞĐƟŽŶ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝƐ ĞŝƚŚĞƌ ůĞŌͲďƌĂŶĐŚĞĚ Žƌ ƌŝŐŚƚ ďƌĂŶĐŚĞĚ͘ dŚĞ ĚŝƌĞĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ďƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ŝƐ Ă ƌĞŇĞǆ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŚĞĂĚƐ ŝŶ ƉŚƌĂƐĞƐ͕ ĂŶĚ ŝŶ ƚŚŝƐ ƌĞŐĂƌĚ͕ ƌŝŐŚƚͲďƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ĂƌĞ ŚĞĂĚͲŝŶŝƟĂů͕ ǁŚĞƌĞĂƐ ůĞŌͲďƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ĂƌĞ ŚĞĂĚͲĮŶĂů͘ ͺƚŚĞ ŶŽƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŝŶĐůƵƐŝŽŶ

IMPLEMENTATION dŚĞ ƉƌĞǀŝŽƵƐůǇ ƵƐĞĚ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŝƐ ŶŽǁ ƌĞĚĞĮŶĞĚ͘ /ƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂƐ Ă ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƚƐ ƉĂƌƚƐ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ƌĂƚŚĞƌ ƚŚĂŶ ǁŽƌĚƐ͘ dŚĞ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ƐƚĞƉƐ ďĂĐŬ ĂŶĚ ƚƌŝĞƐ ƚŽ ĂĐƋƵŝƌĞ ƌƵůĞƐ ŵŽƌĞ ŽďũĞĐƟǀĞ ĂŶĚ ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂůůǇ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƟǀĞ͘ dŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ďĞŐŝŶƐ ĞǀĞƌǇ ƟŵĞ ďǇ ĐƌĞĂƟŶŐ ƚǁŽ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚ ƚŚĞ ƚǁŽ ĐĞŶƚƌĂů ŽƌŝŐŝŶƐ͕ ƚŚĞ ǀĞƌď ƉŚƌĂƐĞ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŶŽƵŶ ƉŚƌĂƐĞ͘ dŚĞǇ ƚƌǇ ƚŽ ďĂůĂŶĐĞ ŝŶ Ă ŐŝǀĞŶ ĨƌĂŵĞ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞǇ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĐĞ ƚŚĞŵƐĞůǀĞƐ͘ dŚĞ ƌĂŶĚŽŵŶĞƐƐ ŝŶ ƚŚŝƐ ĐĂƐĞ ŝƐ ĂƩƌŝďƵƚĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĐŚŽŝƐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉƌŽͲ ŐƌĂŵŵĞ ƚŽ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƚĞ ĂŶ ĂŵŽƵŶƚ ŽĨ ďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐ͘ dŚĞ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ŬĞĞƉƐ ůŽĂĚŝŶŐ ĂƐ ůŽŶŐ ĂƐ ĂŶǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚ ďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐ ĐŽŶƚĂŝŶ ĂƐ ĂŶ ŝĚĞŶƟƚǇ Ă ǀĞƌď Žƌ Ă ŶŽƵŶ ƉŚƌĂƐĞ͘ ^Ž ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƐĞ ƚƌĞĞ ŵĂǇ ĞŶĚ ƵƉ ďĞŝŶŐ ǀĞƌǇ ĐŽŵƉůĞǆ Žƌ ǀĞƌǇ ƐŝŵƉůĞ͘ /Ŷ ŽƉƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝƐĞĚ ŽƵƚĐŽŵĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌŵĞƌ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ Ă ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͕ ŝŶ ƚŚŝƐ ĐĂƐĞ ǁŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚ ŝƐ Ă ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƚĞĚ ĂŶĚ ĞŶǀĞůŽƉƉĞĚ ŝŶ ŝƚƐĞůĨ ĐƌĞĂƟŶŐ ůŝŶŬĂŐĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŚĂǀĞ Ă ĐŽŵŵŽŶ ŽƌŝŐŝŶ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŽŶĞ ůĞĂĚƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ ƌĂƚŚĞƌ ƚŚĂŶ ĐŽŶͲ ŶĞĐƟŶŐ ƉƌĞ ĞǆŝƐƟŶŐ ƚŽƉŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ Ă ƌĞůĂƟǀŝƚǇ ĨĂĐƚŽƌ ŝŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞŵ͘ &ƵƌƚŚĞƌŵŽƌĞ͕ ƚŚĞ ĨĂĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞƌĞ ŝƐ Ă ĚŝƐĐƌĞƚĞ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂƟŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƚƐ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ŝƚ ŝƐ ĞĂƐŝĞƌ ĂŶĚ ŵŽƌĞ ŽďũĞĐͲ ƟǀĞ ƚŽ ĂƐƐŝŐŶ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ǀĂůƵĞƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƟĐůĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͘ dŚŝƐ ǁĂǇ ŽĨ ĂƉƉƌŽĂĐŚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĂŶĚ ƚŽƉŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƉŽƐͲ ƐŝďŝůŝƚǇ ƚŽ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƚĞ Ă ƐĞůĨ ĞŵĞƌŐŝŶŐ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ĂůůĂ ƚŚĞ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ůŝŶŬĂŐĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŵĂǇ ĞǆŝƐƚ ĂŵŽŶŐ ŝƚƐ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ͘

THE RULES dŚĞ ƌƵůĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞƌ ƐĞƚƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ďĞŐŐŝŶŝŶŐ ĂƌĞ ůŝŵŝƚĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĂĐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŚĂƐ ƚŽ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƚĞĚ ŝƚƐĞůĨ ĂŶĚ ƚŽ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉ ƵŶƟů ŝƚ ďĂůĂŶĐĞ ĂƐ ǁĞůů ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶƐ ĂůͲ ůŽǁĞĚ ƚŽ ƚĂŬĞ ƉůĂĐĞ ŝĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƟĐůĞͲ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚ ŝƐ Ă ŶŽƵŶ Žƌ Ă ǀĞƌď ƉŚƌĂƐĞ͘

THE EVOLUTION ɈŚĞ ƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĂŶĚ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ĂƐ Ă ƐĞůĨ ĐŽŶƚĂŝŶĞĚ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ůĞĂĚƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŶĨƌŽŶƚĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŝƚƐ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ĂƐ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ŽĨ ĂŶǇ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚĂ ĚĂƚĂ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ŝŶ Ă ŐĞŶĞƌĂƟǀĞ ĂŶĚ ƌĞůĂƟǀŝƚǇ ŵŽĚĞ͘ dŚĞ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƟǀĞ ƉĂƌƐĞ ƚƌĞĞ ƚŚĂƚ ŚĂƐ ďĞĞŶ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ ŵĂǇ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĞ ĂŶǇ ŽƚŚĞƌ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ ĐŽŶƚĂŝŶƐ ĚĂƚĂ ƚŚĂƚ ŝŶƚĞƌĐŽŶŶĞĐƚ ŝŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞŵ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ĞŵĞƌŐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŽŶĞ ƚƌŝŐŐĞƌƐ ƚŚĞ ĂƉƉĞĂƌͲ ĂŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ͘ dŚŝƐ ĚĂƚĂ ŚǇƉĞƌůŝŶŬ ǁŝůů ďĞ ĨƵƌƚŚĞƌ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƚĞĚ͘

^zEd d/ > E dtKZ</E' GENERATIVE ACTIVATION OF FURTHER SYNTACTICAL NODES ACCORDING TO THE CHOMSKIAN LINGUISTIC APPROACH.

SPEECH BRANCHING SYSTEM TEST 11 ŽƌŝŐŝŶͺŶŽƵŶ ƉŚƌĂƐĞ

SPRING CONTROLS Z ^d > E'd,ͺϮϱϬ DW/E'ͺϬ͘ϵϵϵ D ^^ͺϮϬϬϬ

ŽƌŝŐŝŶͺǀĞƌď ƉŚƌĂƐĞ ŶŽŶ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŶŐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚͺ ŽƚŚĞƌ ƉĂƌƚƐ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ

ORIGINS

_ƚǁŽ ĮƌƐƚ ƐƚĂƌƟŶŐ ƉŽŝŶƚƐͺŽƌŝŐŝŶƐ

ǀĞƌď ƉŚƌĂƐĞ ŶŽƵŶ ƉŚƌĂƐĞ

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_ĨŝƌƐƚ ƐƚĂŐĞ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶͺƉƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂů ŶĞǁ ŽƌŝŐŝŶƐ

ŶĞǁ ďŽƌŶ ǀĞƌď ƉŚƌĂƐĞ origin

_ƐĞĐŽŶĚ ƐƚĂŐĞ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ĞǆƉĂŶͲ ƐŝŽŶ ĂŶĚ ďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ

PROCEDURE OF GRADUAL GENERATION OF A BRANCHING SYSTEM AND BALANCE ACQUISITION IN A GIVEN FRAME. THE BRANCHING SYSTEM ALͳ >Kt^ WK/Ed dK d/s d Z WZK h d/KE KE>z /& /d^ / Ed/dz /^ s Z W,Z ^ KZ EKhE W,Z ^ ͕ ^/E /E d, ^dZh hZ > E >z^/^ K& W,Z ^ ^ W Z^ dZ ͕ d, ^W>/d KE>z d < ^ W> /& d, Z /^ KEͳ d /E s Z W,Z ^ KZ EKhE W,Z ^ t/d,/E d, ^h W Zd͘ d, KZ/ͳ GINS ARE CLEARLY NOTICED. THE BRANCHING SYSTEM MAY STOP TO REGENͳ ERATE ITSELF IF THE PROGRAMME DOES NOT INCLUDE A VERB PHRASE OR A EKhE W,Z ^ /E d, E t>z ' E Z d Z E , ^͘

KERNELS

_ƚŚŝƌĚ ƐƚĂŐĞ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ

ŝĚĞŶƟƚǇ ƉĂƌƚ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ƚŚĂƚ ĚŽĞƐ ŶŽƚ ĂĐƟǀĂƚĞ Ă ŶĞǁ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ

_ƚŚŝƌĚ ƐƚĂŐĞ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ

_ƚŚŝƌĚ ƐƚĂŐĞ ĞǆƉĂŶƐŝŽŶ ĂŶĚ ďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ

TEST 13 SPRING CONTROLS Z ^d > E'd,ͺϮϱϬ DW/E'ͺϬ͘ϵϵϵ D ^^ͺϮϬϬϬ

BRANCHING CONTROLS REGENERATION RANGE s Z W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϱͿ EKhE W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϭϬͿ

BRANCHING SYSTEM BALANCING PROCEDURE

RECORDING OF THE MOVEMENT OF THE SPRING SYSTEM IN ITS TRY TO ACHIEVE BALANCE. IT COULD BE PERCEIVED AS A FORM FINDING PROCEDURE. t/d,/E d, E dtKZ< KZ ^dZh dhZ WZK h ͕ /d D z K ^ Zs d d, d d, Z /^ >t z^ E KE ^/ s >KWͳ MENT OF THE BRANCHING SYSTEM. THIS MIGHT BE RELATED TO THE FACT THAT A SENTENCE IS EITHER LEFT BRANCHED OR RIGHT BRANCHED AND RARELY BOTH.

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48 600 800

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600 800

ͺŽŶĞ ƐŝĚĞĚ ďƌĂŶĐŚĞĚ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ

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600 800

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TEST 13 SPRING CONTROLS REST LENGTH_250 DAMPING_0.999

network in the branching system of all the elements that have a certain distance in between them ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ŽĨ Ăůů ƚŚĞ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ǁŚŽƐĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ŝĚĞŶƟƚǇ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŵŵŽŶ

Z E ,/E' KEdZK>^ Z ' E Z d/KE Z E' s Z W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϱͿ EKhE W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϭϬͿ

Ίd, E dtKZ< D z EZ/ , z WK^^/ > d KEͳ E d/KE^ ^h , ^ d,/^ K& d, E Z ^d /^d E ͳ dt E dtK > D Ed^ KZ d, > D Ed^ t,K^ W Zd K& ^W , / Ed/dz /^ d, ^ D ͘ ΋

dense area of the produced branching network balance of the spring system achieved

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/DW d KE ^h ^z^d D TOWARDS A PSYCHOGEOGRAPHICAL HYPERTEXT

d, Z'hD Ed

^W , WZKW Zd/ ^ d D E/Wh> d/KE 'Z DD Z Z E ,/E' E >z^/^ d ,zW Z>/E<^ͬ,zW Zd yd ^zEd y Z > d/s/dz

dŚĞ ĨĂĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƉƌĞǀŝŽƵƐůǇ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚ ƐĞůĨ ĐŽŶƚĂŝŶĞĚ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƟǀĞ ƉĂƌƐĞ ƚƌĞĞƐ ŵĂǇ ďĞ ƌĞƉůĂĐĞĚ ďǇ ĂŶǇ ĚĂƚĂ ƚŚĂƚ ďĞůŽŶŐƐ ŝŶ Ă ǁŝĚĞƌ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ŽĨ ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞ ŽƉĞŶƐ Ă ŶĞǁ ĮĞůĚ ŽĨ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ͘ /ŶƐƚĞĂĚ ŽĨ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂƟŶŐ Ă ŐĞŶĞƌĂƟǀĞ ŐƌĂŵŵĂƌ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƚŚŝƐ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŵ͕ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƟĐůĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĐƚ ŵŝŐŚƚ ĐŽŶƚĂŝŶ ĚĂƚĂ ŽĨ ĂŶǇ ŬŝŶĚ ƚŚĂƚ ŝŶ Ă ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂů ƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ ƚŚĞ ŽŶĞ ŐƵŝĚĞƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ ĂŶĚ ƐŽŵĞ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĂƐ Ă ƐŽƵƌĐĞ ŽĨ ŶĞǁ ĚĂƚĂ ǁŚŝůĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ ĚŽŶ͛ƚ͘ ďŝďůŝŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ͕ ĨŽƌ ŝŶƐƚĂŶĐĞ͕ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚŝƐ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƟǀĞ ŐƌĂŵŵĂƌ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƐĞ ƚƌĞĞƐ ůŽŐŝĐ ƐŝŶĐĞ ŝƚ ŝƐ Ă ĚĂƚĂďĂƐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ĞǆŝƐƚƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĞŶĚ ŽĨ ĞǀĞƌǇ ďŽŽŬ ĂŶĚ ƌĞĨĞƌƐ ƚŽ Ă ŶĞǁ ůŝƐƚ ŽĨ ƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚ ƚĞǆƚƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŝŶ ƚŚĞŝƌ ƚƵƌŶ ǁŝůů ŐƵŝĚĞ ƚŽ Ă ŶĞǁ ŽŶĞƐ͘ dŚŝƐ ŝƐ Ă ŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ͘ dŚĞ ďŝďůŝŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ ůŝƐƚ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĞŶĚ ŽĨ ĞǀĞƌǇ ďŽŽŬ ŵĂǇ ďĞ ĐŽŶĐĞŝǀĞĚ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ŶŽƵŶ ƉŚƌĂƐĞ Žƌ ƚŚĞ ǀĞƌď ƉŚƌĂƐĞ ŽĨ Ă ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ƚƌŝŐŐĞƌ ƚŚĞ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ Ă ŶĞǁ ƐĞƚ ŽĨ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƟĞƐ͘ d, ,zW Zd yd ^ Z E ,/E' ^WZ/E' ^z^d D dŚĞ ŶŽƟŽŶ ŽĨ ,ǇƉĞƌƚĞǆƚ ŝƐ ĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ ĂƉƉƌŽĂĐŚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĚĂƚĂ ŝŶ Ă ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ďĂƐŝƐ͘ ͚͚,ǇƉĞƌƚĞǆƚ ŝƐ ƚĞǆƚ ĚŝƐƉůĂǇĞĚ ŽŶ Ă ĐŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ ĚŝƐƉůĂǇ Žƌ ŽƚŚĞƌ ĞůĞĐƚƌŽŶŝĐ ĚĞǀŝĐĞ ǁŝƚŚ ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞƐ ;ŚǇƉĞƌůŝŶŬƐͿ ƚŽ ŽƚŚĞƌ ƚĞǆƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚĞƌ ĐĂŶ ŝŵŵĞĚŝĂƚĞůǇ ĂĐĐĞƐƐ͕ ƵƐƵĂůůǇ ďǇ Ă ŵŽƵƐĞ ĐůŝĐŬ͕ ŬĞǇƉƌĞƐƐ ƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞ Žƌ ďǇ ƚŽƵĐŚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ƐĐƌĞĞŶ͘ ƉĂƌƚ ĨƌŽŵ ƚĞǆƚ͕ ŚǇƉĞƌƚĞǆƚ ŝƐ ƐŽŵĞƟŵĞƐ ƵƐĞĚ ƚŽ ĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞ ƚĂďůĞƐ͕ ŝŵĂŐĞƐ ĂŶĚ ŽƚŚĞƌ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂƟŽŶĂů ĐŽŶƚĞŶƚ ĨŽƌŵƐ ǁŝƚŚ ŚǇƉĞƌůŝŶŬƐ͘ ,ǇƉĞƌƚĞǆƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ƵŶĚĞƌůǇŝŶŐ ĐŽŶĐĞƉƚ ĚĞĮŶŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ tŽƌůĚ tŝĚĞ tĞď͘ /ƚ ĞŶĂďůĞƐ ĂŶ ĞĂƐǇͲƚŽͲ ƵƐĞ ĂŶĚ ŇĞǆŝďůĞ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ƐŚĂƌŝŶŐ ŽĨ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŽǀĞƌ ƚŚĞ /ŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ͛͛͘ ;ϭͿ. /Ŷ ŽƚŚĞƌ ǁŽƌĚƐ͕ ŚǇƉĞƌƚĞǆƚ ĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƌĞůĂƟǀĞ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶƐ ĂŵŽŶŐ ĚĂƚĂ ĂŶĚ ŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ƚĂŬĞ ƉůĂĐĞ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĐŚĂŽƟĐ ͚ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ͛͘ ƚ ƚŚĞ ƐĂŵĞ ƟŵĞ ͚ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ͕͛ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ >Ğǀ DĂŶŽǀŝĐŚ͕ ŝƐ Ă ŵĞƚĂƉŚŽƌ ƚŚĂƚ ƐƉĂƟĂůŝƐĞƐ ǁŚĂƚ ŚĂƉƉĞŶƐ ŝŶ ĐŽŵƉƵƚĞƌƐ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚĞĚ ĂƌŽƵŶĚ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌůĚ͛͛ ;ϮͿ. PSYCHOGEOGRAPHICAL HYPERTEXT WƐǇĐŚŽŐĞŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ ŝŶ ŝƚƐ ŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĂů ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶƚĞŵƉŽƌĂƌǇ ǀĞƌƐŝŽŶƐ ĂƩĞŵƉƚƐ ƚŽ ĮŶĚ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƟǀĞ ŶĂƌƌĂƟǀĞƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ͚ŽĸĐŝĂů ŽŶĞƐ͕͛ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ,ĂǇ ƵŶĐĂŶ ;ϯͿ͘ dŚĞ ƉƐǇĐŚŽŐĞŽŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂů ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ^ŝƚƵĂƟŽŶŝƐƚƐ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚƐ ĂŶ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƟǀĞ ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ƌĞĚƌĂǁƐ ƚŚĞ ŵĂƉ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů ĚĞĐŝƐŝŽŶƐ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů ŽƵƚĐŽŵĞ͘ dŚĞ ƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ͚ĚĠƌŝǀĞ͛;ϰͿ͕ ĂƐ ƉƌŽƉŽƐĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ^ŝƚƵĂƟŽŶŝƐƚƐ͕ ŝƐ ƉĂƌĂůůĞůĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚĞƌƐ͛Ɛ ĚƌŝŌ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ƵƐŝŶŐ ŚǇƉĞƌƚĞǆƚ͘ dŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ŝƐ ƚŚƵƐ ĂŶ ŝĚĞĂů ŵĞĚŝƵŵ ĨŽƌ ŶĂǀŝŐĂďůĞ ƐƉĂĐĞƐ ƚŽ ƉĞƌƉĞƚƵĂƚĞ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŶƟŶƵŽƵƐ ĚƌŝŌ͘ dŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶƚůǇ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŚǇƉĞƌƚĞǆƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĂƐ ƚŚŽƐĞ ƵŶƉƌĞĚŝĐƚĂďůĞ ďƵƚ ƐǇƐƚĞŵŝĐ ƌƵůĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ŽƌŝŐŝŶĂů ƉƐǇĐŚŽŐĞŽŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂů ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞƐ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚĞĚ͘ dŚĞ ƌĞĂĚĞƌ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ƌĞĐŽŐŶŝǌĞĚ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ͚ŇĂŶĞƵƌ͛ ƚŚĂƚ ŚĂƌůĞƐ ĞĂƵĚůĂŝƌĞ ŚĂƐ ĚĞƐĐƌŝďĞĚ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĐŚĂŽƟĐ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ͘ dŚŝƐ ŶĞǁ ĐǇďĞƌͲ ŇĂŶĞƵƌ ƚƌŝĞƐ ƚŽ ĮŶĚ ŝƚƐ ǁĂǇ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ĚĂƚĂ ƚŚĂƚ ĂƌĞ ĐŚĂŽƟĐ ďƵƚ ƐǇƐƚĞŵŝĐĂůůǇ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĞĚ ďŽƚŚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƐĞĂƌĐŚ ǁŽƌĚ ƚŚĂƚ ŚĞͬƐŚĞ ŚĂƐ ƐĞƚ ďƵƚ ĂůƐŽ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƌĞůĂƟǀŝƚǇ ƌƵůĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƐĞĂƌĐŚ ĞŶŐŝŶĞ ĨŽůůŽǁƐ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ŽīĞƌ

ϭ͘ tŝŬŝƉĞĚŝĂ͕ ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĞŶ͘ǁŝŬŝƉĞĚŝĂ͘ŽƌŐͬǁŝŬŝͬ,ǇƉĞƌƚĞǆƚ Ϯ͘DĂŶŽǀŝĐŚ͕ >Ğǀ͕ ͚͚dŚĞ ƉŽĞƟĐƐ ŽĨ ĂƵŐŵĞŶƚĞĚ ƐƉĂĐĞ͕͛͛ sŝƐƵĂů ŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶ ĂƌƟĐůĞ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇ ŽĨ ĂůŝĨŽƌŶŝĂ͕ ^ĂŶ ŝĞŐŽ͕ ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĂůŝĐĞ͘ŝĚ͘ƚƵĞ͘ŶůͬƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞƐͬŵĂŶŽǀŝĐŚͲϮϬϬϲ͘ƉĚĨ 3. ƵŶĐĂŶ͕ ,ĂǇ͕ ͚͚dƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵŝŶŐ WƐǇĐŚŽŐĞŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ͗ &ƌŽŵ WĂƌŝƐ ƚŽ >ŽŶĚŽŶ͕͛͛ tĂůůĞĚ ŝƚǇ͕ ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁĂůůĞĚͲĐŝƚǇ͘ŶĞƚ͍ͬƉсϯϬϯ ϰ͘ ĞďŽƌŐ͕ 'ƵǇ͕ ͚/ŶƚƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶ ƚŽ Ă ƌŝƟƋƵĞ ŽĨ hƌďĂŶ 'ĞŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ͕ŝŶ <ŶĂďď͕ < E ;ĞĚͿ͕ ^ŝƚƵĂƟŽŶŝƐƚ /ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů ŶƚŚŽůŽŐǇ͕ ; ĞƌŬĞůĞǇ͕ ͗ ƵƌĞĂƵ ŽĨ WƵďůŝĐ

ĚĂƚĂ ƚŚĂƚ ĂŌĞƌ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƟŽŶ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚĞƌ ĐƌĞĂƚĞ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĞĚ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞ͘ dŚĞƌĞ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĨŽƵŶĚ͕ ƚŚƵƐ͕ Ă ƌĞůĂƟŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ŽĨ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ͕ ƚŚĞ ďƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ƐǇƐͲ ƚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ ĂŶĂůǇƐĞƐ ŝƚ͕ ƚŚĞ ŚǇƉĞƌƚĞǆƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚƌĂŶƐůĂƚĞƐ ƚŚŝƐ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŝŶƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĂƟĂů ƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ĂŶĚ ĮŶĂůůǇ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͘ dŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ƚŚĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ĂŶĂůŽŐƵĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ďĞĐĂƵƐĞ ƚŚĞ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů ǁŚŝůĞ ĐŝƌĐƵůĂƟŶŐ ĂƌŽƵŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƵƌďĂŶ ŐƌŝĚ ĐĂƌƌŝĞƐ ǁŝƚŚ Śŝŵ Ă ƌĞůĂƟǀĞ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ŽĨ ŚŝƐ ŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞ Žƌ ĚĂƚĂ ǁŝƚŚ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĐƚƐ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͘ ^Ž͕ ŝĨ ƚŚĞ ^ŝƚƵĂƟŽŶŝƐƚ ͚ĚĞƌŝǀĞ͛ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ƉĂƌĂůůĞůĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂů ůŝǀŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ŽĨ ĚĂƚĂ ƚŚĂƚ ŚĞ ĂĐƟǀĂƚĞƐ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͕ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ǁŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĚŝƐƚŽƌƚĞĚ Žƌ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĞĚ͘ dŚŝƐ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ǁŽƵůĚ ŝŵƉůǇ Ă ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂů ŵƵƚĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ĐŝƚǇ ĨŽƌ ĞǀĞƌǇ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů ƚŚĂƚ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĐƚƐ ĂŶĚ lives in it.

/dz /^dKZd/KE dŚĞ ŵĂŝŶ ĚĞƐŝŐŶŝŶŐ Ăŝŵ͕ ŝƐ ƚŚŝƐ ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂů ŵƵƚĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ĐŝƚǇ ŝŶƚŽ ĂŶĚ ŝŵĂŐŝŶĂƟǀĞ ƉĞƌͲ ƐŽŶĂů ĐŝƚǇ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů͘ dŚŝƐ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ Ă ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ŽĨ ĚĂƚĂ ůŝŶŬĂŐĞƐ ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌůǇ ůŽĐĂƚĞĚ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƵƌďĂŶ ŐƌŝĚ ůĞĂĚƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŶŽƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƵŐŵĞŶƚĞĚ ƐƉĂĐĞ͘ ĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ >Ğǀ DĂŶŽǀŝĐŚ ͚ ƵŐŵĞŶƚĞĚ ƐƉĂĐĞ͛ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ƐƉĂĐĞ ŽǀĞƌͲ ůĂŝĚ ǁŝƚŚ ĚǇŶĂŵŝĐĂůůǇ ĐŚĂŶŐŝŶŐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ͘ dŚŝƐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŝƐ ůŝŬĞůǇ ƚŽ ďĞ ŝŶ ŵƵůƟŵĞĚŝĂ ĨŽƌŵ ĂŶĚ ŝƚ ŝƐ ŽŌĞŶ ůŽĐĂůŝǌĞĚ ĨŽƌ ĞĂĐŚ ƵƐĞƌ͛͘ /Ŷ ŚŝƐ ĞƐƐĂǇ ͚dŚĞ WŽĞƟĐƐ ŽĨ ƵŐŵĞŶƚĞĚ ^ƉĂĐĞ͛ ;ϭͿ focuses ŵŽƌĞ ŽŶ ŚŽǁ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĂƟĂů ĨŽƌŵ ŝƐ ĂīĞĐƚĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ŵƵůƟŵĞĚŝĂ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ͕ ŚŽǁ ƚŚŝƐ ĨŽƌŵ ŵĂǇ ĂīĞĐƚ ƚŚĞŝƌ ĐŝƌĐƵůĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ŚŽǁ ƚŚĞ ͚ƌĞĂĚĞƌ͛͘ ƉĞƌĐĞŝǀĞƐ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĂŌĞƌ ŚŝƐ ƵŶŝƋƵĞ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶ ǁŝƚŚ ŝƚ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ďĞĐĂƵƐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĚĂƚĂ ŇŽǁ͘

/DW> D Ed d/KE dŚŝƐ Ăŝŵ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ ůĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŚŽǁ ƚŚŝƐ ůŝŶŬĂŐĞƐ ĞŵĞƌŐĞĚ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ďƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĐŽƵůĚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĂƐ Ă ƚŽŽů ĨŽƌ ĂĐƟǀĂƟŶŐ Ă ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͘ dŚŝƐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͕ ĨŽƌ ŶŽǁ͕ ŝƐ Ă ůŝŶĞ Žƌ Ă ƉŽŝŶƚ ŐƌŝĚ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝƐ ƵŶĚĞƌůǇŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ďƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͘ ĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐ͕ ƚŚĞ ŵŽǀĞŵĞŶƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ďĂůĂŶĐĞ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ŐŝǀĞŶ ƐƉĂĐĞ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŝĚĞŶƟƚǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŽƌŝŐŝŶƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌƐĞ ƚƌĞĞ͕ Ă ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶĂů ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ƚĂŬĞƐ ƉůĂĐĞ ĂīĞĐƟŶƐ ƚŚĞ ƐƵďƐǇƐƚĞŵ͘ dŚŝƐ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŝƐ ŝŶ ƚǁŽ ĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ďĞŐŝŶŶŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ŝŶ Ă ϯĚ ƐƉĂĐĞ ůĂƚĞƌ͘ dŚĞ ŐƌŝĚ ƐƚĂƌƚƐ ƚŽ ďĞ ĚŝƐƚŽƌƚĞĚ ĐƌĞĂƟŶŐ ĚŝīĞƌͲ ĞŶƚ ƚŽƉŽŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĂů ƋƵĂůŝƟĞƐ ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ͘ &ŝŶĂůůǇ͕ ƚŚĞƌĞ ŝƐ ĨƵƌƚŚĞƌ ƐŝŵƵůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂů ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ϯĚ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ŵĂǇ ƌĞƐͲ ƐĞŵďůĞ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶ͘ dŚŝƐ ƚĞƐƚƐ ƚƌǇ ƚŽ ŵĂŬĞ Ă ůŝŶŬ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŶĞǆƚ ŵŽƌĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ĚĞƐŝŐŶŝŶŐ ƉƌŽͲ cedure whill will try to express this mutability of the city according to the individual and the data network that carries.

Visualization of the non linear networking of the HYPERTEXT by Theodor Holm Nelson, http://thedigitalage. pbworks.com

THE NAKED CITY, Guy Debord collage of parts of the map of Paris, rearranged and interrelated creating an alternative network in the different neighborhood of the city. Debord has discussed a ‘renovated cartography’. The map is mutated due to alternative reading and data inputs.

ϭ͘DĂŶŽǀŝĐŚ͕ >Ğǀ͕ ͚͚dŚĞ ƉŽĞƟĐƐ ŽĨ ĂƵŐŵĞŶƚĞĚ ƐƉĂĐĞ͕͛͛ sŝƐƵĂů ŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶ ĂƌƟĐůĞ͕ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇ ŽĨ ĂůŝĨŽƌŶŝĂ͕ ^ĂŶ ŝĞŐŽ͕ ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ĂůŝĐĞ͘ŝĚ͘ƚƵĞ͘ŶůͬƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞƐͬŵĂŶŽǀŝĐŚͲϮϬϬϲ͘ƉĚĨ

/DW d KE hE Z> z/E' ^z^d D INTERRACTION OF THE BALANCING NON LINEAR NETWORK WITH ANOTHER SYSTEM

TEST ϭϰ network in the branching system of all the elements that have a certain distance in between them

SPRING CONTROLS REST LENGTH_250 DAMPING_0.999 MASS_2000

ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ŽĨ Ăůů ƚŚĞ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ǁŚŽƐĞ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ŝĚĞŶƟƚǇ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŵŵŽŶ

Z E ,/E' KEdZK>^ Z ' E Z d/KE Z E' s Z W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϱͿ EKhE W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϭϬͿ

600

800

600

800

600

800

ϱϰ

800

600

800

600

800

[The outcome of the previous research tends is to manipulate the produced ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬƐ͕ ƚŚĞ ƌĞůĂƟǀŝƚǇ ďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ďƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ͕ ĂƐ Ă ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŽĨ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ŝŶ Ă ƚŽƉŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ŵĂŶŶĞƌ ĂŶĚ ŚĂǀĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ͘ dŚĞƐĞ ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ ƌĞĨĞƌ ďŽƚŚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŝĚĞŶƟƚǇ ŽĨ ĞǀĞƌǇ ƉŽŝŶƚ Ͳ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ůŝŶŬĂŐĞƐ ŝŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞŵ͘ dŚĞ ĨĂĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ŚĂǀĞ Ă ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƉŽǁĞƌ ďĞĐĂƵƐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞŝƌ ĂďŝůŝƚǇ ƚŽ ĂĐƟͲ ǀĂƚĞ Ă ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ Ă ďƌĂŶĐŚ Žƌ ŶŽƚ͕ ůĞĂĚƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŶĞĞĚ ŽĨ Ă ƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ ŽĨ ŚŽǁ ƚŚŝƐ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƋƵĂůŝƟĞƐ ŵĂǇ ƚĂŬĞ ƉůĂĐĞ͘ A new system is inserted in order the impact of the branching network onto an ƵŶĚĞƌůǇŝŶŐ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ƚŽ ďĞ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƚĞĚ͘ dŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ƐƚĞƉ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ƚĞƐƟŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŝŵƉĂĐƚ ĂƌĞĂ ƚŚĂƚ ĞǀĞƌǇ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚ of the network will need. During the balancing procedure of the spring system ŝŶƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŐŝǀĞŶ ƐƉĂĐĞ ƚŚĞ ƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ŝƐ ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚůǇ ĐŚĂŶŐŝŶŐ ƵŶƟů ƚŚĞ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĮŶŝƐŚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ĂĐŚŝĞǀĞ ďĂůĂŶĐĞ͘ ^Ž ƚŚĞ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƵďƐǇƐƚĞŵ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĂƌĞ ĂīĞĐƚĞĚ ĂƌĞ ŶŽƚ ƐƚĂďůĞ͘ /Ŷ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ĚƌĂǁŝŶŐƐ ƚŚĞƌĞ ŝƐ Ă ďƌĂŶĐŚŝŶŐ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ďƵƚ ĂůƐŽ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶƐ ƚŚĂƚ refer to the minimun distance of the elements and the elements which have a ĐŽŵŵŽŶ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ŝĚĞŶƟƚǇ͘ /ƚ ŝƐ ĂůƐŽ ĐůĞĂƌ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟǀŝƚǇ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƐĞĐŽŶĚ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĂƐ ǁĞůů ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ĂīĞĐƚĞĚ ĂƌĞĂ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚ ŵŽǀĞŵĞŶƚ of the spring system.]

ƉƌŽǆŝŵŝƚǇ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĂƟŽŶ network

origins network

600

55 800

TEST 15 SPRING CONTROLS REST LENGTH_250 DAMPING_0.999 MASS_2000

Z E ,/E' KEdZK>^ Z ' E Z d/KE Z E' s Z W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϱͿ EKhE W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϭϬͿ

΀dŚĞ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ĂŌĞƌ ŚĂǀŝŶŐ ďĞĞŶ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƚĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŶĞǁůǇ ŝŶƐĞƌƚĞĚ ƵŶĚĞƌůǇŝŶŐ ůĂǇĞƌ ŚĂƐ Ă ĐůĞĂƌ ŝŵƉĂĐƚ ĂŶĚ ŝŶƚĞƌƌĂĐƟŽŶ ǁŝƚŚ ŝƚ͘ dŚĞ ƵŶĚĞƌůǇŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƐƚĂƌƚƐ ďǇ ďĞŝŶŐ Ă ŐƌŝĚ ŝƐ ƚƌĂŶƐͲ formed or distorted according to the movement of the spring system the points and the ƐƚƌĞŶŐƚŚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞǇ ĂƩƌŝďƵƚĞ͘ dŚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ĞǀĞŶ ǁŚĞŶ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŚĂƐ ŵŽǀĞĚ͕ ƌĞŵĂŝŶƐ͘ dŚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŐƌŝĚ ŝƐ ŐƌĞĂƚĞƌ ǁŚĞŶ ƚŚĞ ďƌĂŶĐŚĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚĞŶĚ ƚŽ ĮŶĚ Ă ďĂůĂŶĐĞ ĂŶĚ ƐƚĂǇ ůŽŶŐĞƌ ŽŶ Ă ƌĞŐŝŽŶ͘ tŚĞŶ ƚŚĞ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ĂƌĞ ŵŽǀŝŶŐ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉ ƚŚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŝƐ ŶŽƚ ƚŚĂƚ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚ͘΁

dZ E^&KZD d/KE DK ͗ /^dKZ^/KE

/^dKZd Z '/KE

ŐƌŝĚ ĚŝƐƚŽƌƟŽŶ ǁŝƚŚ ƚǁŽ ŬĞƌŶĞůƐ ĂĐƟǀĂƚĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƚǁŽ ŽƌŝŐŝŶƐ ŽĨ ƌĞŐĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ branching system

/^dKZd Z '/KE

800 1200

further distorsion of the grid caused by the balanching procedure of the new brached that started to expand. The new regeneraͲ ƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĂĐƟǀĂƚĞĚ ƚŚĞ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ Ă third distorted area of the grid

/^dKZd Z '/KE ͬ KEE d

D Z' Z

800

1200

800 1200

TEST 16 SPRING CONTROLS REST LENGTH_250 DAMPING_0.999 MASS_2000

dZ E^&KZD d/KE DK ͗ ɇɉɆɆȰɌȸ

TEST 17 SPRING CONTROLS REST LENGTH_250 DAMPING_0.999 MASS_2000

dZ E^&KZD d/KE DK ͗ ɇɉɆɆȰɌȸ

TEST 18 SPRING CONTROLS REST LENGTH_250 DAMPING_0.999 MASS_2000

Z E ,/E' KEdZK>^ Z ' E Z d/KE Z E' s Z W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϱͿ EKhE W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϭϬͿ

dZ E^&KZD d/KE DK ͗ /Es/^/ > E dtKZ<

800

1200

800 1200

1200 0

800

800 1200

800

1200

800 1200

^z^d D d/s d/KE /E ϯ KE /d/KE^ INTERRACTION OF THE BALANCING NON LINEAR NETWORK WITH ANOTHER SYSTEM THROUGH THREE DIMENSIONALITY. TEST 18 SPRING CONTROLS REST LENGTH_250 DAMPING_0.999 MASS_2000

ϲϰ

Z E ,/E' KEdZK>^ Z ' E Z d/KE Z E' s Z W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϱͿ EKhE W,Z ^ ;ϭͲϭϬͿ

TEST 18 TRANSFORMATION OF MULTIPLE GRIDS

[ii.]

dKt Z ^ d, WhZ^h/d K& EKE LINEAR SPATIALITY

^W d/s d/KE ^dZ d '/ ^

^W K hW d/KE ' E Z d z d, ^z^d D͕

POINTS ACTIVATION OF SPATIAL POINTS THROUGH THE INDEFINITION AND ORCANICITY OF THE UNSTABLE SPRING SYSTEM UNTIL THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE EQUILIBRIUM.

^W d/ > hE/d^ d/s d z d, DKs Ͳ D Ed K& d, ^WZ/E' ^z^d D͕ ͞tZ/d/E' > E ^ W ͘͟ STAGE 1.

STAGE 2.

^d ' ϯͬͬ͘ Yh/>/ Z/hD

^W d/s d/KE ^dZ d '/ ^

^W K hW d/KE ' E Z d z d, ^z^d D͕

BLOCKS d/s d/KE K& ϯ /D E^/KE > >K <^͕ d,ZKh', d, /E &/E/d/KE E ORCANICITY OF THE UNSTABLE SPRING SYSTEM UNTIL THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE EQUILIBRIUM.

STAGE 1

STAGE 2

STAGE 3 CREATING STRUCTURES USING THE BLOCK COMPONENT. DIFFERENT CLUSTERS AND DENSITIES ARE EMERGING DURING THEIR ACTIVATION BY THE SPRING SYSTEM. SPATIAL OCCUPATION. THIS EXPERIMENT LEADS TO THE BUILDING -UP OF A STRUCTURE RATHER THAN TO NETWORKING /DISTRIBUTIONAL CONDITION.

ϳϰ

^W ' E Z d/KE ^dZ d 'z

THROUGH THE DISTORTION OF AN EXISTING SYSTEM. INFLUENCE OF THE UNDERLAYING FORM BY THE BALANCE OF THE SPRING SYSTEM.

^hZ& 'Z/ /^dKZd/KE KZ /E' dK d, ^zEd d/ > : E / ^ K& d, ^WZ/E' ^z^d D͘ d ^d/E' d, ^W d/ > Yh >/d/ ^ K& d, /^dKZdͲ ^hZ& yW Z/D Ed ͘

/^dKZd/KE KEdZK>^ͺ /DW d /^d E KEdZK>ͺ ϮϬ΀hE/d^΁ /^dKZd/KE KEdZK>ͺ WK/Ed /^>K d/KE Z E KD ΀ϭϬ͕ϱϬ΁

yW Z/D Ed ͘ /^dKZd/KE KEdZK>^ͺ /DW d /^d E KEdZK>ͺ фϯϱ΀hE/d^΁ /^dKZd/KE KEdZK>ͺ WK/Ed /^>K d/KE Z E KD ΀ϭϬ͕ϱϬ΁

yW Z/D Ed ͘ /^dKZd/KE KEdZK>^ͺ /DW d /^d E KEdZK>ͺ фϰϬ΀hE/d^΁ /^dKZd/KE KEdZK>ͺ WK/Ed /^>K d/KE Z E KD ΀ϱϬ͕ϭϬϬ΁

yW Z/D Ed ͘ /^dKZd/KE KEdZK>^ͺ /DW d /^d E KEdZK>ͺ фϰϬ΀hE/d^΁ /^dKZd/KE KEdZK>ͺ WK/Ed /^>K d/KE Z E KD ΀ϭϬϬ͕ϭϱϬ΁

/^dKZd/KE > s >ͺ 'Z d /^dKZd/KE K& d, 'Z/

/^dKZd/KE > s >ͺ /^d͘ dt E ^z^d D^ ϯϱ hE/d^

/^dKZd/KE > s >ͺ /^d͘ dt E ^z^d D^ ϯϬ hE/d^

/^dKZd/KE > s >ͺ /^d͘ dt E ^z^d D^ ϮϬ hE/d^

/^dKZd/KE > s >ͺ /^d͘ dt E ^z^d D^ ϭϱ hE/d^

hE && d 'Z/

^W d/ > E dtKZ<^

''Z ' d/KE K& ^zEd d/ > > D Ed^ d,ZKh', d, KEdZK> K& d, Z hZ^/KE > s >͘ GRADUAL AGGREGATION OF POINTS. THE BALANCING PROCEDURE IS REACTIVATED ON EVERY NODE. CREATING DENSITY NETWORKS AND NEIGHBORHOODS OF ELEMENTS.

AGGREGATION CONTROLS_ WZ/D Zz > E /E' ^ > ͗ WZKy/D/dz /^d E dt E WK/Ed^ͺϯϬƵŶŝƚƐ͘ ^ KE Zz > E /E' ^ > ͗ WZKy/D/dz /^d E dt E WK/Ed^ͺϱƵŶŝƚƐ͘

STAGE A. Z>z ^d ' ^ K& d, zE D/ > dKWK>K'z K& d, ''Z ' d/KE K& WK/Ed^ t,/ , /^ d/Ͳ s d d,ZKh', d, > E /E' WZK hZ K& d, ^WZ/E' ^z^d D͘

^d ' ,/', Z E^/dz K& d, zE D/ > dKWK>K'z K& d, ''Z ' d/KE K& WK/Ed^͘

^d ' &/E > KE /d/KE K& d, zE D/ > dKWK>K'z K& d, ''Z ' d/KE K& WK/Ed^ Ͳ Yh/>/ Z/hD ,/ s ͘

^d ' ͘

^W d/ > E dtKZ<^

&KZD > D E/& ^d d/KE K& d, ^W d/ > E dtKZ<^

THE NON LINEAR NETWORKING STARTS TO GENERATE THREE DIMENSIONAL SPATIALITY.

SPATIALITY THROUGH THE SURFACE ENVELOPING OF THE NETWORK. THE COMPLEXITY OF THE SYSTEM IS CONTROLLED BY THE PROXIMITY FACTORS WHICH GUIDE THE SURFACE TO TRIANGULATE AND TO PROVIDE ENCLOSED SPACES. THE SURFACE TENDS TO EMERGE ON AREAS WHERE AN AGGREGATION OF POINTS HAS BEEN PRODUCED. THE ALGORITHMIC PROCESS DETERMINES THE LOCAL FACTOR OF THE DENSITY WHICH WILL GENERATE THE THREE DIMENSIONALITY OF THE SPACE.

^W d/ > E dtKZ<^

FRAGMENTATION RECURSION OF THE PROCEDURE IN SMALLER SCALES

EXPERIMENTS ON HOW THE SCRIPTING FACTORS MAY AFFECT THE STRUCTURAL OUTCOME

^ > ͺ E^/dz KEdZK>

/^d͘ фϮϬ͕ /^d͘хϱ

^ > ͺ E^/dz KEdZK>

/^d͘ фϭϬ͕ /^d͘хϰ͘Ϯ

/Ed ZZ d/KE K& ^ > ^ /^d E

/^d͘ фϯ͘ϭ /^d͘хϭ͘ϳ

BY CHANGING THE PROXIMITY FACTORS THE REGENERATION OF SMALLER SCALES IS FURTHER CONTROLLABLE. THE FACTOR WHICH DETERMINES THE DENSITY OF EACH SCALE CAN ALTER NOT ONLY THE SOLIDITY OF THE STRUCTURE THAT IS GENERATED IN EACH SCALE BUT ALSO THE DENSITY OF THE SMALLER SCALE ACTIVATION.

ϴϰ

WZ/D Zz ^ > ^dZh dhZ

^ KE Zz ^ > ^dZh dhZ

^W d/ > E dtKZ<^

&͘

&Z 'D Ed d/KEͺZ hZ^/KE K& d, WZK hZ /E &hZd, Z ^ > ^ d ^d yW Z/D Ed^ KE d, /DW d K& d, WZ/D Zz WZK hZ dK ^D >> Z ^ > ^͘ GRADUAL FRAGMENTATION OF THE OCCUPIED SPACE. GRADUAL CLUSTERING OF THE ELEMENTS.

^ > ^ /Ed Z d/KEͺ /^d ; dt E WK/Ed^ͿͺϮϱhE/d^ &Z 'D Ed d/KEͺ>/E< ' ^ /^d͘ ͺ ϱhE/d^

^ > ^ /Ed Z d/KEͺ /^d ; dt E WK/Ed^ͿͺϯϬhE/d^ &Z 'D Ed d/KEͺ>/E< ' ^ /^d͘ ͺ ϭϬ hE/d^

^ > ^ /Ed Z d/KEͺ /^d ; dt E WK/Ed^Ϳͺϭϱ hE/d^ &Z 'D Ed d/KEͺ>/E< ' ^ /^d͘ ͺ ϴhE/d^

^ > ^ /Ed Z d/KEͺ /^d ; dt E WK/Ed^ͿͺϮϬhE/d^ &Z 'D Ed d/KEͺ>/E< ' ^ /^d͘ ͺ ϮϬhE/d^

SECONDARY SCA ALE LEVEL OF FRAGM MENTATION_ PROXIMITY DISTA TANCE OF POINTS_ < 26 [A [ACT A IVATION] N] N]

PRIMARY SCALE P PR LEVE EVEL OF FRAGMENTATION_ PROX PR R IMITY DISTANCE OF POINTS_ < 40

PROXIMITY MAP P_SYSTEM A ACTIVATES THE VOLUMIZATION OF THE DENSER AREAS

THIR RD LE LEVEL VE O OFF RECUR C SION LEVE LE LEV EEV VEL O VE OF FRAGMEN MENTATI MEN TA ON_ O PR PR PROX PRO RO ROXIMITY DISTAN NCE OF POINTS_<50

[ACTTIVATION]

THIRD LEVEL OF RECURSION LEVEL OF FRAG GMENTATION_ PROXIMITY DISSTANCE OF POINTS_<50

SECO SSE E NDARY SCALE LEEV L OF FRAGMENTATION_ LEVE LEV LE PROX PRO PR RO O IMITY DISTANCE OF POINTS_ < 26

[ACTIVATION]

PROX OXIMIT OX I Y MAP_SYSTEM B A VATE ACTI V S THE VOLUMIZATION OF THE VAT DENSER AREAS

[iii.]

TOWARDS A DESIGN STRATEGY.

hZ E /DW> D Ed d/KE THE ARCHITECTURAL METHOD OF THE INVISIBLE URBAN DATA. dKt Z ^ d, Z d/KE K& /^dZ/ hd/KE ^z^d D K& t/&/ KK^d Z /E EdZ > W Z<

^zEd d/ > : E z K& hZ E > D Ed^ E , s/KZ^͘ TOWARDS THE UPDATED URBAN EQUILIBRIUM THROUGH THE PROPERTIES OF A SPRING SYSTEM.

dŚĞ ƉƌŽũĞĐƚ ĨŽĐƵƐĞƐ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĂŶ ĂƌĐŚŝƚĞĐƚƵƌĂů ƐƚƌĂƚĞŐǇ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĚĂƚĂ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ŝŵŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ďƌŝĐŬ ŽĨ Ă ƌĞĐƵƌƐŝǀĞ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĞŶĚƐ ƵƉ ƉƌŽƉŽƐŝŶŐ Ă ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶĂů ŵĞƚŚŽĚ ŽĨ t/&/ ŚŽƚƐƉŽƚƐ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚŽƵƚ ĞŶƚƌĂů WĂƌŬ ĂƐ ǁĞůů ĂƐ ƚŚĞŝƌ ĨŽƌŵĂů ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂƟŽŶ͘ dŚŝƐ ĚĞƐŝŐŶŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝƐ ƌĞĐƵƌƐŝǀĞůǇ ŝŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĞĚ ŽŶ ƐĞƋƵĞŶƟĂů ƐĐĂůĞƐ͕ ŝƐ ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŵŝĐĂůůǇ ŐƵŝĚĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ ŽĨ Ă ^ƉƌŝŶŐ ^ǇƐƚĞŵ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƚĞŶĚƐ ƚŽ ĂĐŚŝĞǀĞ ĂŶ ĞƋƵŝůŝďƌŝƵŵ ŽĨ ŝƚƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ƵŶĚĞƌ ĂŶǇ ĐŝƌĐƵŵƐƚĂŶĐĞƐ Žƌ ĂůƚĞƌĂƟŽŶƐ ŽĨ ŝƚƐ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ͘ dŚĞƐĞ ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚ Ă ƌĞͲĂƌƌĂŶŐĞŵĞŶƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ Ă ͞ƐǇŶƚĂĐƟĐĂů͟ ƌĞͲ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ĂĚũĂĐĞŶĐǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĞǆŝƐƟŶŐ ŶŽĚĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ďƵŝůƚ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞƐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƵƌďĂŶ ƚĞŶƐŝŽŶƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĞŵĞƌŐĞ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƟǌĞŶƐ͛ ďĞŚĂǀŝŽƵƌƐ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ĞǆŝƐƟŶŐ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ďƵŝůƚ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ ;ŶƵŵďĞƌ ĂŶĚ ůŽĐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƐĐŚŽŽůƐ͕ ŵƵƐĞƵŵƐ͕ ǁŝĮ ŚŽƚƐƉŽƚƐ͕ ĞƚĐͿ͘ dŚŝƐ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ ͞ƌĞĂĚƐ͟ ƚŚĞ ŝŶǀŝƐŝďůĞ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĂŶĚ ŵĞƚĂƉŚŽƌŝĐĂůůǇ ƐŝŵƵůĂƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĐƟǀĞ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶƐŚŝƉ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƵƌďĂŶ ƌĞĂůŝƚǇ ĂƐ Ă ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ͘ dŚĞ ŽƌŐĂŶŝǌĂƟŽŶĂů ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ƚǇŝŶŐ ƚŽŐĞƚŚĞƌ ƚŚĞ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƵŶĚĞƌůŝĞƐ Ă ƚĞǆƚ ŝƐ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚ ƚŽ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ŝŶǀŝƐŝďůĞ ŝŶĨƌĂƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƚĞŶĚƐ ƚŽ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƚĞ ƚŚĞ ĚŝŐŝƚĂů ǀĞƌƐŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͘ dŚŝƐ ĐŚĂŽƟĐ ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌŝƚǇ͕ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĨƵƌƚŚĞƌ ƌĞĐŽŐŶŝǌĞĚ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ĂŶĚ ƐƉĂƟĂů ŽƵƚͲ ĐŽŵĞ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ͕ ŝŵƉůŝĐĂƚĞĚ ďǇ ŝŶĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂƚĞ ǁŝƌĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ĞŵĞƌŐŝŶŐ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ǀŽůƵŵŝǌĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶĂů ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ t/&/ ŶŽĚĞƐ͘ DŽƌĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐĂůůǇ͕ ƚŚŝƐ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ƚƌŝĞƐ ƚŽ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚĞ ƚŚŝƐ ŵĂƐƐŝǀĞ ĚĂƚĂ ŇŽǁ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĂŶĚ ƚŽ ƚĞƐƚ ŚŽǁ ŝƚƐ ŵĂƉƉŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶ ǁŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĂīĞĐƚĞĚ ŝĨ Ăůů ƚŚĞƐĞ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ǁŽƵůĚ ďĞ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĞĚ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ĂĐŚŝĞǀĞ ĂŶ ĂůƚĞƌŶĂƟǀĞ ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇͲƚĞǆƚ ǁŚŝĐŚ ǁŽƵůĚ ĂůůŽǁĞĚ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌŵ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ƚŽ ďĞ ƌĞĚĞĮŶĞĚ͘ dŚĞƐĞ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚƐ ƵƐĞ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ŽĨ DĂŶŚĂƩĂŶ ĂƐ Ă ĐĂƐĞ ƐƚƵĚǇ ĂŶĚ ŝƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ƉůĂƚͲ ĨŽƌŵ ǁŚŽƐĞ ĚĂƚĂ ĂƌĞ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝƐĞĚ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƚĞ ƚŚĞ ĂĐƟǀĂƟŽŶ ĨĂĐƚŽƌƐ ŽĨ Ă ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ǁŚŝĐŚ ǁŝůů ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚ Ă ŶĞǁ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĞĚ ůĂǇĞƌ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĞŶƚƌĂů WĂƌŬ ǁŚŝĐŚ ǁŝůů ĞŵĞƌŐĞ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂƌƌĂŶŐĞŵĞŶƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͘ dŚĞ ĂƵƚŽŵĂƚĞĚ ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŵŝĐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ŝƐ ŶŽǁ ĨĞĚ ŶŽƚ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ ĚĂƚĂ ŽĨ Ă ĚŝĐƟŽŶĂƌǇ ůŝŬĞ ŝƚ ƵƐĞĚ ƚŽ ŚĂƉͲ ƉĞŶ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƉƌŝŵĂƌǇ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ůŝŶŐƵŝƐƟĐ ƐƉĂƟĂůŝƚǇ ďƵƚ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ ĚĂƚĂ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƚĞ ŝƚƐ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ Žƌ ŝƚƐ ŝŵŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ďƌŝĐŬ͘ dŚĞƐĞ ĚĂƚĂ ĂƌĞ ĂƉĂƌƚ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ;ƉƵďůŝĐ ƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ͕ ƐĐŚŽŽůƐ͕ ƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƟĂů ďƵŝůĚŝŶŐƐ͕ǁŝĮ ŚŽƚƐƉŽƚƐ͕ ůŝďƌĂƌŝĞƐ͕ ĞƚĐͿ͕ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ƌĞĐŽƌĚĞĚ ďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌƐ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ƐƉŽƚƐ ǁŚĞƌĞ ƵƐĞƌƐ ŚĂǀĞ ƵƐĞĚ ƚǁŝƩĞƌ ŐĞŽ ƚĂŐŐŝŶŐ Žƌ ƚŚĞ ůŽĐĂƟŽŶƐ ǁŚĞƌĞ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂů ƉƵďůŝĐ ǁŝĮ ŚŽƚƐƉŽƚƐ ŚĂǀĞ ĞŵĞƌŐĞĚ ĂŶĚ ƚŚƵƐ ƚŚĞǇ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞ ƚŚĞ ŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞĚ ŶĞĞĚ ĨŽƌ ĂŶ /ŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ͘ dŚĞƐĞ ĚĂƚĂ ǁŝůů ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚ ƚŚĞ ŶŽĚĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ǁŚŝĐŚ ǁŝůů ďĞ ĂŐĂŝŶ ŽŶ Ă ďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ ĂƩĞŵƉƚ͘ dŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ǁŝůů ƌĞďĂůͲ ĂŶĐĞ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĚĂƚĂ ĂŶĚ ǁŝůů ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚ Ă ŶĞǁ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶ͘ dŚŝƐ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝƐ ďĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ Ă ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ŶĞĞĚ͕ ƚŚĞ

/ŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ͕ ǁŝůů ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞ Ă ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŽĨ t/&/ ,ŽƚƐƉŽƚƐ ĂŶĚ ƌĞĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ĂƌĞĂƐ ŝŶƚŽ ĞŶƚƌĂů WĂƌŬ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĂŵŽƵŶƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐŝŵŝůĂƌ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂƌŽƵŶĚ ƚŚĞ ĂƌĞĂ͕ ƚŚĞ ƉƌŽǆŝŵŝƚǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĂůƌĞĂĚǇ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞ ƉƵďůŝĐ ǁŝĮ͕ ƚŚĞ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŚŽǁ ŵƵĐŚ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚĞĚ ǁĞƌĞ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƟǌĞŶƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ t/&/ ŚŽƚƐƉŽƚƐ Žƌ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƌĐƵůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĞŽƉůĞ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĚĂǇ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƟĂů ĂƌĞĂƐ Žƌ ƚŚĞ ƉƵďůŝĐ ƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ ďƵŝůĚŝŶŐƐ ĚĞŶƐŝƚǇ ĂƌŽƵŶĚ the city map. dŚĞ ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞŵ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞƐ ĂůƐŽ Ă ƉŽƚĞŶƟĂů ƌĞĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĐŝƚǇ ĞůĞͲ ŵĞŶƚƐ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ĂĐŚŝĞǀĞ ĂŶ ĞƋƵŝůŝďƌŝƵŵ ĂŶĚ ƚŽ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚ ƚŚĞ ŽƉƟŵŝǌĞĚ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ t/&/ ŚŽƚƐƉŽƚƐ ŝŶƚŽ ĞŶƚƌĂů WĂƌŬ͘ dŚĞ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ĚĂƚĂ ĂůůŽǁƐ ƚŚĞ ƵŶĚĞƌƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ƐƉĂĐĞ ĂŶĚ ĐŽƵůĚ ŝŵƉƌŽǀĞ ƚŚĞ ĚĞĐŝƐŝŽŶ ŵĂŬŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƵƌďĂŶ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ƐƚƌĂƚĞŐǇ͘ /Ŷ ƚŚŝƐ ĐĂƐĞ͕ ƚŚĞ ďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚƐ Ă ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ŵĞƚŚŽĚ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝƐ ĨĞĚ ďǇ Ăůů ƚŚĞ ƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚ ĚĂƚĂ ĂŶĚ ĐĂůĐƵůĂƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ďĞƐƚ ůŽĐĂƟŽŶ ĨŽƌ ƚŚŝƐ ŶĞǁ ůĂǇĞƌ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĞŶƚƌĂů WĂƌŬ͘ dŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ĂĐƟǀĂƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ĂŐŐƌĞŐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ĂŶĚ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚƐ Ă ŶĞǁ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞŵ͘ ƵƌŝŶŐ ƚŚŝƐ ƌĞĚĞĮŶŝƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĞǆŝƐƟŶŐ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ŐƌŝĚ ŝƐ ďĞŝŶŐ ĚŝƐƚŽƌƚĞĚ ĂŶĚ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĞĚ ĐƌĞĂƟŶŐ ĞǀĞŶ Ă ŶĞǁ ĨŽƌŵĂů ƌĞĂůŝƚǇ͘ dŚŝƐ ĚŝƐƚŽƌƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ŐƌŝĚ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƉŽŝŶƚ ǁŚĞƌĞ ƚŚŝƐ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ ŚĂƐ ĐŽŵĞ ƵƉ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂůƐŽ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ƚŽŽů ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌŵ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ĂƌƌĂŶŐĞŵĞŶƚ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ĞŶƚƌĂů Park. ǀĞŶ ŝĨ ƚŚŝƐ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ŵĞƚŚŽĚ ďĞŐŝŶƐ ďǇ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƟŶŐ Ă ƌĂƚŚĞƌ ĐŽŶĐĞƉƚƵĂů ŝŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŵŝĐ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ͕ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ƌĞͲĞƋƵŝůŝďƌŝƵŵ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͕ ŝƚ ďĞĐŽŵĞƐ ŵŽƌĞ ƚĂŶŐŝďůĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ƉƌŽƉŽƐĂů ŽĨ ƚŚĞ t/&/ ,ŽƚƐƉŽƚ ĂŶĚ ƌĞĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ĂƌĞĂƐ ŝŶƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌŬ ǁŚĞƌĞ ƚŚĞ ƚĞŶƐŝŽŶƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉƌĞǀŝŽƵƐ ĐŽŶĐĞƉƚƵĂů ŵƵƚĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ city image turn to be a real design tool. This becomes even more evident when this process produces the ĨŽƌŵ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚĞĚ t/&/ ŚŽƚƐƉŽƚƐ ĂŶĚ ĐůĂƌŝĮĞƐ ƚŚĞ ĨĂĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ŽƉƟŵŝǌĂƟŽŶ ƐƚƌĂƚĞŐǇ͕ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌĂŵĞƚĞƌŝǌĞĚ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶĂů ŵĞƚŚŽĚ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌŵ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶ ĂƌĞ ŝŶƚĞƌƌĞůĂƚĞĚ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŽŶĞ ůĞĂĚƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ͘ dŽ ĐŽŶĐůƵĚĞ͕ ƚŚŝƐ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ŵĞƚŚŽĚ ŚĂƐ ƌĞĂĚ ƚŚĞ ǀŽĐĂďƵůĂƌǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ͲŝƚƐ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂŶĚ ƐĞǀĞƌĂů ƌĞĐŽƌĚĞĚ ďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌƐͲ ĂŶĚ ŚĂƐ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ Ă ŶĞǁ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŝƚƐ ƐǇŶƚĂǆ ĂŶĚ ŚĂƐ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚĞĚ Ă ŶĞǁ ĐŽŶĐĞƉƚƵĂů ƚŽƉŽŐƌĂƉŚǇ͘ dŚĞƐĞ ďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĂƌĞ ƌĞĐŽƌĚĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƚǁŝƩĞƌ ŐĞŽƚĂŐŐŝŶŐ ŚĂǀĞ ďĞĞŶ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌƌĂĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŚƵŵĂŶ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ƚŚĞŝƌ ǁĂŶĚĞƌŝŶŐ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͘ /ƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ dǁŝƩĞƌ ' KƚĂŐŐŝŶŐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŚĂƐ ĂůͲ ůŽǁĞĚ ƚŽ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝƐĞ ĂŶ ŝŵŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞƌƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĂŶĚ ŽīĞƌƐ Ă ŶĞǁ ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƟǀĞ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͘ dŚĞƌĞ ŝƐ Ă ƐĞůĨ ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶƟĂů ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ ĞŵĞƌŐĞƐ ƐŝŶĐĞ ƚŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬŝŶŐ ŶĞĞĚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƟǌĞŶ ŚĂƐ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĞĚ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ĂĐĐĞƐƐĞĚ ĚĂƚĂ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝŶ ƚŚĞŝƌ ƚƵƌŶ ĂĐƟǀĂƚĞ ƚŚĞ ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŵŝĐ ĐĂůĐƵůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶĂů ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ŽĨ t/&/ ŚŽƚƐƉŽƚƐ͘ ^Ž ƚŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶŝŐŶ ƐƚƌĂƚĞŐǇ ĂŌĞƌ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĚĂƚĂ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞƌ ŚŝŵƐĞůĨ ŚĂƐ ĨĞĚ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ǁŝƚŚ͕ ŝƚ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞƐ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ĂĐĐĞƐƐ ƉŽŝŶƚƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƟǌĞŶ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ĞŶƚƌĂů WĂƌŬ ĂŌĞƌ ĚŝƐƚŽƌƟŶŐ ĐŽŶĐĞƉƚƵĂůůǇ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͘ DŽƌĞŽǀĞƌ͕ ƚŚŝƐ ƐĐƌŝƉƚĞĚ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞƐ Ă ŶĞǁ ĨŽƌŵĂů language through which the designed objects that are distributed are produced. A constant exchange of ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ĂŶĚ ĚĂƚĂ ŝƐ ŽďƐĞƌǀĞĚ͘

PROCEDURAL EVOLUTION OF THE DESIGN PROCESS

ƌĞďĂůĂŶĐŝŶŐ DĂŶŚĂƩĂŶ urban equilibrium

ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶ ƐƚƌĂƚĞŐǇ ǀŝĂ the distorted grid of the rebalanced city

adaptability of the system ǁŝƚŚ ůŽĐĂů ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶƐ

ĨŽƌŵĂ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ system

& /E' d, ^z^d D ^zEd d/ > : E z K& d, /dz > D Ed^ Ί^KhZ ͗ ttt͘Ez KW E d ͘ KD΋ y/^d/E' KE /d/KEͬ h/>d Es/ZKED Ed

THE IMMATERIAL COMPONENT

hZ E d

LATTITUDE ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϰϰϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϯϳϱϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϰϮϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϳϳϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϰϵϭϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϱϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϮϭϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϴϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϲϬϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϲϳϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϬϱϴϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϰϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϳϭϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϳϵϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϬϵϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϳϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϭϲϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϵϲϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϵϲϱϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϬϯϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϰϴϭϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϱϱϰϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϵϴϳϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϬϱϬϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϲϬϵϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϲϲϰϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϭϭϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϭϴϯϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϯϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϮϰϮϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϯϬϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϴϲϭϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϮϯϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϯϲϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϰϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϴϲϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϬϰϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϰϵϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϱϲϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϬϲϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϳϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϲϬϵϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϱϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϬϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϳϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϭϲϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϰϯϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϬϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϴϰϲϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϱϰϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϲϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϮϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϴϯϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϬϱϲϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϵϴϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϳϲϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϬϴϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϳϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϮϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϵϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϭϳϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϬϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϵϱϴϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϭϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϭϴϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϰϮϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϴϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϭϱϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϰϵϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϲϲϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϭϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϳϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϮϲϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϵϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϰϴϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϬϲϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϳϱϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϵϭϳϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϲϴϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϯϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϵϳϮϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϱϳϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϵϯϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϱϬϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϭϴϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϱϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϮϴϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϵϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϭϳϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϵϮϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϱϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϭϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϱϯϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϲϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϮϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϬϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϯϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϬϯϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϲϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϳϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϬϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϬϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϳϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϮϱϱ

LONGITUDE ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϰϰϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϯϳϱϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϰϮϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϳϳϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϰϵϭϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϱϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϮϭϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϴϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϲϬϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϲϳϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϬϱϴϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϰϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϳϭϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϳϵϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϬϵϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϳϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϭϲϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϵϲϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϵϲϱϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϬϯϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϰϴϭϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϱϱϰϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϵϴϳϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϬϱϬϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϲϬϵϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϲϲϰϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϭϭϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϭϴϯϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϯϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϮϰϮϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϯϬϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϴϲϭϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϮϯϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϯϲϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϰϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϴϲϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϬϰϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϰϵϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϱϲϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϬϲϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϳϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϲϬϵϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϱϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϬϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϳϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϭϲϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϰϯϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϬϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϴϰϲϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϱϰϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϲϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϮϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϴϯϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϬϱϲϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϵϴϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϳϲϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϬϴϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϳϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϮϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϵϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϭϳϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϬϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϵϱϴϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϭϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϭϴϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϰϮϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϴϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϭϱϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϰϵϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϲϲϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϭϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϳϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϮϲϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϵϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϰϴϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϬϲϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϳϱϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϵϭϳϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϲϴϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϯϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϵϳϮϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϱϳϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϵϯϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϱϬϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϭϴϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϱϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϮϴϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϵϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϭϳϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϵϮϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϱϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϭϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϱϯϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϲϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϮϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϬϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϯϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϬϯϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϲϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϳϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϬϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϬϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϳϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϮϱϱ

hZ E , s/KhZ^ͬ d, dt/dd Z ' Kd ''/E' ^ E /E /ͳ d/KE K& /Ed ZE d ^^ E ͘ TYPE museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum museum musgaller y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y galler y school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school

LATTITUDE ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϲϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϵϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϲϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϳϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϴϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϵϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϱϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϵϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϮϬϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϵϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϳϰϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϮϮϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϵϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϯϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϱϱϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϮϴϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϬϬϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϱϮϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϭϮϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϱϴϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϯϭϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϲϳϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϵϰϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϭϴϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϲϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϭϮϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϯϰϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϰϮϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϰϮϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϭϴϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϭϱϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϬϰϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϴϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϳϰϮϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϲϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϴϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϴϯϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϰϴϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϲϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϰϳϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϭϰϰ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϴϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϮϮϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϲϮϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϯϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϮϱϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϴϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϳϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϭϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϳϰϳϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϴϭϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϬϵϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϭϵϰ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϱϭϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϰϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϳϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϵϳϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϮϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϬϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϭϱϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϵϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϳϴϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϬϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϲϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϰϵϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϯϲϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϭϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϳϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϴϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϯϵϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϮϵϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϮϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϱϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϮϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϬϱϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϵϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϭϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϱϮϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϰϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϳϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϬϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϵϳϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϴϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϵϳϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϳϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϭϲϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϮϳϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϲϭϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϰϴϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϵϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϭϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϲϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϯϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϲϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϮϭϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϱϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϬϯϯ

LONGITUDE ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϲϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϵϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϲϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϳϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϴϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϵϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϱϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϵϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϮϬϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϵϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϳϰϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϮϮϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϵϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϯϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϱϱϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϮϴϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϬϬϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϱϮϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϭϮϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϱϴϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϯϭϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϲϳϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϵϰϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϭϴϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϲϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϭϮϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϯϰϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϰϮϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϰϮϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϭϴϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϭϱϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϬϰϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϴϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϳϰϮϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϲϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϴϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϴϯϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϰϴϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϲϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϰϳϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϭϰϰ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϴϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϮϮϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϲϮϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϯϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϮϱϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϴϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϳϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϭϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϳϰϳϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϴϭϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϬϵϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϭϵϰ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϱϭϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϰϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϳϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϵϳϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϮϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϬϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϭϱϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϵϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϳϴϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϬϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϲϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϰϵϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϯϲϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϭϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϳϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϴϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϯϵϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϮϵϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϮϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϱϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϮϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϬϱϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϵϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϭϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϱϮϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϰϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϳϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϬϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϵϳϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϴϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϵϳϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϳϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϭϲϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϮϳϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϲϭϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϰϴϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϵϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϭϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϲϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϯϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϲϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϮϭϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϱϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϬϯϯ

TYPE school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school school wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi wifi

LATTITUDE ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϯϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϴϴϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϮϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϲϴϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϬϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϰϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϲϰϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϯϴϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϳϴϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϳϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϬϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϬϯϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϲϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϱϭϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϬϮϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϭϵϬϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϭϯϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϯϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϲϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϵϰϲϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϳϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϭϱϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϯϵϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϮϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϳϲϯϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϭϴϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϵϰϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϵϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϮϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϳϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϭϴϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϱϮϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϰϵϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϵϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϳϬϵϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϵϰϴϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϴϲϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϱϳϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϲϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϰϯϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϳϯϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϳϯϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϰϴϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϳϴϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϰϯϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϱϯϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϲϭϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϬϵϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϮϭϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϬϱϲϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϮϳϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϱϯϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϳϵϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϲϭϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϬϯϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϮϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϵϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϰϮϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϬϯϴϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϮϵϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϯϰϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϬϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϴϵϴϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϭϵϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϲϮϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϳϵϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϵϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϵϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϮϵ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϮϱϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϱϵϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϰϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϴϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϳϵϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϭϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϭϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϱϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϰϵϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϮϳϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϮϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϱϲϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϴϰϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϳϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϴϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϭϭϮϰϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϮϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϱϯϵϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϭϴϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϲϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϭϭϬϴϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϭϬϲϮϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϳϳϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϰϴϳϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϯϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϰϯϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϰϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϳϳϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϬϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϴϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϮϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϬϬϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϬϵϰϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϵϲϱϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϯϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϵϬϲ

LONGITUDE

TYPE

LATTITUDE

LONGITUDE

TYPE

ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϯϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϴϴϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϮϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϲϴϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϬϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϰϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϲϰϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϯϴϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϳϴϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϳϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϬϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϬϯϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϲϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϱϭϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϱϬϮϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϭϵϬϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϭϯϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϰϯϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϲϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϵϰϲϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϳϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϭϱϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϯϵϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϮϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϳϲϯϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϭϴϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϵϰϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϵϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϮϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϳϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϬϭϴϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϱϮϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϰϵϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϵϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϳϬϵϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϵϰϴϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϴϲϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϱϳϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϲϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϰϯϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϳϯϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϲϳϯϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϰϴϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϳϴϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϰϯϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϱϯϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϲϭϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϬϵϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϮϭϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϬϱϲϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϮϳϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϱϯϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϳϵϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϲϭϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϱϬϯϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϮϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϵϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϰϮϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϬϯϴϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϭϮϵϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϯϰϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϯϬϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϴϵϴϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϵϭϵϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϮϲϮϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϳϵϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϵϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϵϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϮϵ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϮϱϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϱϵϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϰϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϴϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϳϵϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϭϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϭϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϱϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϰϵϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϮϳϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϯϮϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϱϲϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϮϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϴϰϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϳϴϳϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϴϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϭϭϮϰϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϳϮϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϱϯϵϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϭϴϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϲϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϭϭϬϴϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϭϬϲϮϲ

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ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϲϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϵϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϲϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϳϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϴϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϵϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϱϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϵϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϮϬϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϵϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϳϰϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϮϮϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϵϬϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϯϭϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϱϱϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϮϴϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϬϬϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϱϮϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϭϮϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϱϴϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϯϭϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϲϳϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϵϰϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϭϴϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϲϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϱϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϭϮϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϯϰϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϰϮϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϰϮϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϭϴϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϭϱϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϬϰϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϴϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϳϰϮϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϲϵϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϴϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϴϯϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϰϴϭ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϲϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϰϳϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϭϰϰ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϴϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϮϮϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϲϮϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϯϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϮϱϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϴϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϳϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϭϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϳϰϳϱ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϴϭϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϬϵϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϰϭϵϰ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϱϭϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϰϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϳϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϵϳϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϮϮϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϬϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϭϱϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϵϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϳϴϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϬϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϲϱϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϰϵϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϬϯϲϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϲϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϯϱϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϭϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϳϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϴϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϯϵϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϮϵϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϮϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϱϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϮϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϬϱϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϵϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϳϭϰϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϱϮϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϰϯϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϳϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϬϬϴ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϱϰϮϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϵϳϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϰϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϴϱϰ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϵϳϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϳϬϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϵϭϲϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϯϮϳϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϲϭϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϴϰϴϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϵϬϭ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϮϭϬϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϲϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϳϯϰϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϲϬϮ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϭϮϭϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϬϱϭϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϴϲϬϯϯ

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ϰϬ͘ϳϵϰϳϳϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϰϴϳϲ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϯϯϴ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϲϰϯϲ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϰϱϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϳϳϯϱ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϴϬϴϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϲϴϱϯ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϯϮϮ ϰϬ͘ϴϬϱϬϬϳ ϰϬ͘ϳϲϬϵϰϯ ϰϬ͘ϳϱϵϲϱϵ ϰϬ͘ϳϵϵϯϴϳ

d, WZK ^^

& /E' d, ^z^d D STATIC DATA SYNTACTICAL ADJACENCY OF THE CITY ELEMENTS

hZ E , s/KhZ^

t/&/ ,Kd^WKd

' >> Zz

dt/dd Z ' K

D/E/^dZ d/KE

>/ Z Zz

^ ,KK>

' E Z > y/^d/E' /dz KE /d/KE

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d Z/ h > /^d d ^ K : GR ^ ID >

d D ^z^ d /KE / hd /dz Z d /^ / D h sK>

/^ ^ dKZ > d/ KE

'Z / ^ >

/d z > s >

y/^d/E' hZ E KE /d/KE

EdZ > W Z<

101

FEEDING CITY DISTORTION THE SYSTEM CONCEPTUAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE URBAN FORM

102

CENTRAL PARK

SYSTEM HUMAN SCALE

IMAGINARY DISTORTION OF THE CITY DUE TO THE REARRANGEMENTS OF ITS BALANCE, INVADES CENTRAL PARK. SCALE DISTORTION OF THE SYSTEM TO HOST HUMAN ACTIVITY.

TOWARDS CENTRAL PARK

103

LOCAL APPLICATION/CENTRAL PARK ADAPTABILITY OF THE SYSTEM TO LOCAL CONDITIONS DENSITY OF THE SYSTEM SPACE OCCUPATION LEVELS TESTING

104

JACQUELINE KENNEDY ONASSIS RESERVOIR

METROPOLITAN MUSUEM OF ART

SPACE OCCUPATION/DENSITY LEVEL 1

SPACE OCCUPATION/DENSITY LEVEL 3

SYSTEM GENERATING OBJECTS

SPACE OCCUPATION/DENSITY LEVEL 2

URBAN GRID

DENSE URBAN TENSIONS THE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM INDICATES THE LOCATION OF A POTENTIAL WIFI NODE.

JACQUELINE KENNEDY ONASSIS RESERVOIR

105

AGGREGATION OF OBJECTS WHOSE FORM EMERGES FROM THE SYSTEM ITSELF AND IMPLIES THE NON LINEAR NETWORKING OF THE CYBERSPACE WHILE THE OBJECTS FUNCTION AS WIFI NODES OR WIFI BOOSTERS.

107

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FORMAL MANIFESTATION

URBAN TENSIONS / DENSER AREAS OF THE SYSTEM WHICH WILL HOST THE WIFI OBJECTS

OBJECT PLACEMENT

108

109

OBJECT EMERGENCE ZOOM IN THE OBJECT THE PROCEDURE AS MINIFESTED TO THE SKELETON OF THE MAIN OBJECT TO BE DISTRIBUTED AROUND CENTRAL PARK.

THE NON LINEAR NETWORKING WHICH IS THE MAIN CONCEPT OF THE URBAN DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY OF THE PROJECT, ENDS UP BEING MANIFESTED IN THE OBJECT ITSELF AND TO IMPLY THE CHAOTIC DATA NETWORK OF THE CITY. AT THE SAME TIME, IT SYMBOLISES THE NON LINEAR SYSTEM WHICH GOVERNS THE CYBERSPACE WHICH CONCEPTUALLY ACTIVATED THIS PROCEDURE SINCE THE GOAL IS THE PHYSICAL CONSTRUCTION OF WIFI BOOSTERS AND HOTSPOTS IN ORDER CYBERSPACE TO BECOME A URBAN GATHERING NODE WITHIN CENTRAL PARK.

110

1. SKELETON OF THE STRUCTURE

2. SOLID OBJECT, PRIMARY SPATIAL IMPLICATIONS

111

SPATIAL QUALITIES FORMAL VARIATIONS: THE IMMATERIAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IS GRADUALLY TRANSFORMED INTO ITS VOLUMIZED ANALOGUE. IT CREATES INTERNAL SPACES AND EXTRUSIONS WHICH START TO IMPLY AN ARCHITECTURAL SPATIALITY EXPRESSING THE NON LINEARITY OF THE CYBERNETICAL SPACE.

112

113

WIFI HOTSPOT NODE ZOOM IN THE OBJECT

114

m metro met metropolitan eet politan m museum artt off aar o

SCALE AND PROPORTIONS EXPERIMENTS, PLACEMENT OF THE STRUCTURE IN THE AREA OF THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART.

115

BEHAVIORAL COMPLEXITY TOWARDS THE BEHAVIORAL COMPLEXITY OF THE SYSTEM/FUNCTIONALITY //SYNTACTICAL FORMAL DIALOG OF THE GRID AND ADJACENCY TRIANGULATION

THE DISTRIBUTIONAL STRATEGY INDICATES THE LOCATION OF POINTS WITHIN CENTRAL PARK. A DIFFERENTIATION OF THE SYSTEM PROVIDES A BEHAVIORAL COMPLEXITY OF THE FUNCTIONS THAT ARE LOCATED WITHIN CENTRAL PARK. THE DENSER POINTS OF THE DISTRIBUTIONAL SYSTEM REFER TO THE OBJECTS WHICH FUNCTION AS SIGNAL BOOSTERS. THE LOOSER THE SYSTEM BECOMES, IT INDICATES THE LOCATIONS OF WIFI HOTSPOT PAVILIONS WHICH FUNCTION AS RECREATION AREAS PROVIDING INTERNET CONNECTION. DISTRIBUTED URBAN FURNITURE WHICH OFFER LOCALISED SIGNAL CAN BE FOUND ALL OVER THE NODES OF THE SYSTEM MESH.

THE FORMAL SYSTEM IS REDEFINED. THE TRIANGULATIONS WHICH EMERGES FROM THE CONCEPTUAL REARRANGEMENT OF THE CITY BALANCE, IS REACTING WITH THE NOTION OF THE GRID WHICH GOVERNS THE URBAN SYSTEM OF THE CITY OF MANHATTAN. THE INTERRACTION AND DIALOG BETWEEN THE TWO SYSTEM PROVIDES THE DESIGN WITH A MORE COMPLEX OUTCOME. THE COLLABORATION OF THESE TWO FORMAL ELEMENTS ACTS AS THE SYNTACTICAL CORRELATION OF TWO ARCHITECTURAL FORMS CREATING A NEW VOCABULARY.

116

DISTRIBUTIONAL MAP instance THE URBAN TENSIONS CREATE A DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM WHICH STARTS TO ACQUIRE VOLUME AND TO PROVIDE SPATIALITY DURING ITS

SIGNAL ANTENNA

MANIFESTATION IN CENTRAL PARK

WIFI FURNITURE

CENTRAL PARK SOUTH

118

SIGNAL ANTENNA

WIFI PAVILION/ RECREATION AREA

MAX DIST.

500M

50 IST.

D AX

119

JACQUELINE KENNEDY ONASSIS RESERVOIR

WIFI PAVILION/ RECREATION AREA

SIGNAL ANTENNA

CENTRAL PARK NORTH

PROCEDURAL DRAWING PROCEDURAL DRAWING THE URBAN TENSIONS CREATE A DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM WHICH STARTS TO ACQUIRE VOLUME AND TO PROVIDE SPATIALITY DURING ITS MANIFESTATION IN CENTRAL PARK

THE URBAN TENSIONS WHICH ARE REDISTRIBUTED BY THE REBALANCING PROCEDURE OF THE CITY ELEMENTS ARE GRADUALLY MOVING TOWARDS CENTRAL PARK WHERE THEY ACT AS A DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY AND THEY END UP PROVIDING VOLUMIZED STRUCTURES WHICH FUNCTIONS AS WIFI HOTSPOTS AND BOOSTERS.

120

121

PROCEDURAL DRAWING THE CONCEPTUAL INNER STRUCTURE OF THE EMERGING FORM

122

123

PROCEDURAL DRAWING THE CONCEPTUAL INNER STRUCTURE OF THE EMERGING FORM

CONCEPTUAL DRAWING OF THE MULTIPLE SCALES IN WHICH THE FORMAL SYSTEM IS MANIFESTED IN ORDER TO COVER DIFFERENT LOCAL NEEDS. IT STARTS BY THE CONCEPTUAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE URBAN DATA, IT CONTINUES BY PROVIDING A DISTRIBUTIONAL METHOD IN THE SCALE OF CENTRAL PARK AND IT FINALLY FUNCTIONS AS THE DESIGN METHOD OF THE SPATIAL OBJECTS WHICH REPRESENT THE WIFI NODES.

124

125

OBJECT COMPLEXITY ZOOM IN TO THE OBJECT: THE PAVILLION

SURFACE GRID

TRIANGULATION

THE FORMAL SYSTEM IS REDEFINED.

REACTION BETWEEN THE TWO FORMAL “SYNTACTICAL” ELEMENTS

GRADUAL TRANSFORMATION AND OF THE TWO ELEMENTS DUE TO THEIR ADJACENCY

FURTHER UNIFICATION

NEW CONDITION, UNIFIED OBJECT

126

THE URBAN GRID STARTS TO INTERRACT WITH THE TRIANGULATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

POTENTIAL WIFI HOTSPOT PAVILION WITHIN CENTRAL PARK, PRODUCED BY THE ADJACENCY OF THE TRIANGULATED SYSTEM OF THE EQUILIBRIUM PROCEDURE AND THE ORTHONORMAL URBAN GRID OF MANHATTAN.

127

FURTHER FORMAL EXPERIMENTS ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE ONE ELEMENT TO THE OTHER. THE PREVAILING OF THE TRIANGULATION OVER THE SURFACE GRID SEEMS TO BE MORE APPROPRIATE SINCE IT LET THE BUILDINGS INTERVENE TO THE LANDSCAPE SMOOTHLY. THE EXPERIMENTS UNDERNEATH PROVIDE AN INTERESTING RESULT BUT THEY REFER TO MEGASTRUCTURE INTERVENTION.

WIFI ANTENNAS LOCATIONS DIRECTIONAL WIFI SIGNAL MESH MAX DIST. 0,5KL

ANTENNAS LEVEL TREES LEVEL GROUND

WIFI PAVILLION AND RECREATION AREA LANDSCAPE ADAPTABILITY

WIFI HOTSPOTS LOCATIONS

WIFI HOTSPOT: LOCAL SIGNAL DISTRIBUTION MATERIALITY: PLASTIC/ TRANSPARENT (SIGNAL PENETRABLE)

136

TRANSFORMABILITY OF THE SYSTEM IN ORDER TO GENERATE A WIFI BOOSTER

DIRECTIONAL SIGNAL BOOSTER (WIFI MESH) MATERIALITY: METAL (REFLECTS THE SIGNAL)

137

139

141

IN DETAIL DRAWINGS DEPICTING THE SPATIAL QUALITIES

143

144

INTERIOR DRAWINGS

WIFI HOTSPOT LOCATIONS

145

INTERIOR DRAWINGS

WIFI HOTSPOT LOCATIONS

146

147

WIFI HOTSPOT PAVILLION

WIFI HOTSPOT LOCATIONS

148

149

WIFI HOTSPOT ANTENNA

WIFI ANTENNAS LOCATIONS

150

151

WIFI HOTSPOT ANTENNA

WIFI ANTENNAS LOCATIONS

152

WIFI HOTSPOT PAVILLION

WIFI BOOSTERS LOCATIONS DIRECTIONAL WIFI SIGNAL MESH [MAX DIST. 450M]

153

WIFI HOTSPOT PAVILLION

WIFI HOTSPOT LOCATIONS

154

155

156

CONCLUSION. C CO ON NC NCL CLLUS CLU USSIO USI IO ON N.

ƵƌŝŶŐ ƚŚŝƐ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ ƚŚĞ ŶŽƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬŝŶŐ ŚĂƐ ďĞĞŶ ĞŶĐŽƵŶƚĞƌĞĚ ĂƐ Ă ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĞĚ ŝŶ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞ ĚĂƚĂ ĐŽŶĮŐƵƌĂƟŽŶƐ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ďĞ ƉĞƌĐĞŝǀĞĚ͘ dŚĞ ƉƌŽƉĞƌƟĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ͞ƚĞǆƚ͕͟ ĂƐ ĂŶǇ ŽďũĞĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ĐŽŵƉƌĞŚĞŶĚĞĚ ĂƐ ĂŶ ĂƌƌĂŶŐĞŵĞŶƚ ŽĨ ĨĂĐƚƐ ƚŽ ďĞ ƌĞĂĚ ĂŶĚ ƌĞĚĞĮŶĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚĞƌ ŚĂƐ ďĞĞŶ ƌĞŇĞĐƚĞĚ ŽŶ ǁŝĚĞƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ƐƵĐŚ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ŚǇƉĞƌƚĞǆƚ͕ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ĂŶĚ ĮŶĂůůǇ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ͘ ƚ ƚŚĞ ƐĂŵĞ ƟŵĞ͕ Ă ƐĞƋƵĞŶƟĂů ĚĞƉůŽǇŵĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ ƚƌĂŶƐůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞƐĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ƉƌŽǀĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ŝŶƚĞƌĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞŝƌ ŝŵŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů͕ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ĚĂƚĂ͕ ŝƐ ƚŚĞŝƌ ĐŽŵŵŽŶ ƵŶĚĞƌůǇŝŶŐ ůŽŐŝĐ͘ dŚŝƐ ůŽŐŝĐ ĂŶĚ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂƟŽŶ ƐƚƌĂƚĞŐǇ ƚƵƌŶƐ ƚŽ ďĞ ƌĂƚŚĞƌ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐ ĂƐ ůŽŶŐ ĂƐ ŝƚ ŝƐ ƉĂƌĂůůĞůĞĚ ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽũĞĐƚĞĚ ŽŶƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŽƉƟŵŝǌĂƟŽŶ ĐĂƉĂĐŝƟĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂů ĐŝƚǇ͘ dŚĞ ĐŝƌĐƵůĂƟŶŐ ĚĂƚĂ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĨŽƌŵ ƚŚĞ ŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŵ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĐŽŶĐĞƉƚƵĂůŝǌĞĚ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ƐĞĞĚƐ Žƌ ƚŚĞ ŽƌŝŐŝŶƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĨĞĞĚ Ă ǁŝĚĞƌ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŽĨ ĐŽŶƐƚƌĂŝŶƚƐ ĂŶĚ ƉĂƌĂŵĞƚĞƌƐ͘ dŚŝƐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŝƐ ĨĞĂƐŝďůĞ͕ ŶŽǁĂĚĂǇƐ͕ ƐŝŶĐĞ ƚŚĞ ĂƉƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƚĞ ƐŽŌǁĂƌĞ ŝƐ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĐĂůůǇ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ ĂŶĚ ŝƚ ĂůůŽǁƐ ƚŚĞ ĞůĂďŽƌĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ Ă ŚƵŐĞ ŵĂƐƐ ŽĨ ĚĂƚĂ ŐƵŝĚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĞƌ ƚŽ ƐĂĨĞƌ ƚĞƌŝƩŽƌŝĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĚĞĐŝƐŝŽŶƐ͘ dŚĞ ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŵŝĐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĂƌĞ ĨĞĚ ďǇ ƚŚĞƐĞ ĚĂƚĂ ƚƵƌŶ ƚŽ ďĞ ƚŚĞ ŵĞĚŝƵŵ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚĞƌ ;ŝŶ ƚŚŝƐ ĐĂƐĞ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĞƌͿ ǁŝůů ƚƌĂŶƐůĂƚĞ ƚŚĞ ŝŶƉƵƚ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞ ƚŚĞ ŵŽƌĞ ŽƉƟŵŝǌĞĚ ŽƵƚƉƵƚ͘ dŚĞ ŵĞĚŝƵŵ ĚŽĞƐ ŶŽƚ ƌĞƉůĂĐĞ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞƌ͘ /ŶƐƚĞĂĚ͕ ŝƚ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ďƵīĞƌ ǌŽŶĞ ŝŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ŚƵŵĂŶ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŝŶǀŝƐŝďůĞ ĚĂƚĂ͘ /ƚ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ŚƵŵĂŶ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ ĂďŝůŝƚǇ ƚŽ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů Ă ƉŽǁĞƌĨƵůů ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝƐ ŝŶǀŝƐŝďůĞ ďƵƚ ŝƚ ƐĞĞŵƐ ƚŽ ďĞ ƚŚĞ ŵŽƐƚ ĐƌƵĐŝĂů ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚ ƚŽǁĂƌĚƐ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŵƉƌĞŚĞŶƐŝŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƵŶĚĞƌůǇŝŶŐ ƵƌďĂŶ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ĂƉĂƌƚ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ƚĂŶŐŝďůĞ ŽŶĞƐ͘ dŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĂƐ ĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ ͚ƚĞǆƚ͛ ƚŽ ďĞ ƌĞĂĚ Žƌ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ĂŶĂůŽŐƵĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ ƐŚŽƵůĚ ďĞ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂƚĞĚ ĂƐ Ă ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚůǇ ĞǀŽůǀŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ŽĨ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ŶŽƚ ĂƐ Ă ƐƚĂƟĐ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ͘ dŽĚĂǇ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƉĞƌŵŝƚƐ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌĂůůĞů ŶĂǀŝŐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞƌ ŝŶ ďŽƚŚ ĚĂƚĂ ƉůĂƞŽƌŵƐ͕ ƚŚĞ ǀŝƌƚƵĂů ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂů͕ ŝƐ ĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞ ĂŶĚ ĂĐĐĞƐƐŝďůĞ͕ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞƌĞ ĂƌĞ ŶƵŵĞƌŽƵƐ ŽĨ ǀŝƐƵĂůŝǌĂƟŽŶ ƚĞĐŚŶŝƋƵĞƐ͕ ǁĞ ƐŚŽƵůĚ ĞŶĐŽƵŶƚĞƌ ĐŝƚǇ ĂƐ Ă ŇĞǆŝďůĞ ĂŶĚ ǀŽůĂƟůĞ ƚĞƌƌŝƚŽƌǇ ƚŽ ďĞ ƚƌĂŶƐůĂƚĞĚ ŶŽƚ ŽŶůǇ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞƌ ďƵƚ ĂůƐŽ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĞƌ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ďƵŝůƚ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌǇ͘ dŚĞ ŶŽŶ ůŝŶĞĂƌ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĐŝƚǇ ĚĂƚĂ ƐŚŽƵůĚ ŝŵƉůǇ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŶƐƚƌĂŝŶƚƐ ĨŽƌ ĂŶ ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŝĐ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŝŶĮŶŝƚĞ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƟĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĞǀĞŶƚƵĂůůǇ ĞŵĞƌŐĞ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŚŝƐ ͚ƚĞǆƚ͛ ŶĂŵĞĚ ͚ĐŝƚǇ͛ ƚŽ ďĞ ƌĞĂĚ͘ dŚĞ ŝŵĂŐŝŶĂƌǇ ƉĂƌĂůůĞů ůŝǀŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŚƵŵĂŶ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ŚǇƉĞƌƐƉĂƟĂů ůĂŶĚƐĐĂƉĞ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂů ĐŝƚǇ ƐŚŽƵůĚ ŝŵƉůǇ Ă ŶĞǁ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ƐƚƌĂƚĞŐǇ ƚŚĂƚ ǁŝůů ƚĂŬĞ ĂĚǀĂŶƚĂŐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ƌĞĂƌƌĂŶŐĞŵĞŶƚ ŽĨ ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶĂů ƉĂƌƟĐůĞƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ďƵŝůĚ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂůŝƚǇ͘ ďŽƩŽŵͲƵƉ ƐǇŶƚŚĞƟĐĂů ĐŽŶĐĞƉƚ ĞŵĞƌŐĞƐ ďƵƚ ƵŶĚĞƌ ƚŚĞ ƉƌŝƐŵ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ŽĨ Ă ƌƵůĞ ;ĂůŐŽƌŝƚŚŵͲƐǇƐƚĞŵͿ ǁŚŝĐŚ ǁŝůů ŽƌŐĂŶŝĐĂůůǇ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ďĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĞĚ ŝŶ ŝƚƐĞůĨ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ůĞƚ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĂĐŚŝĞǀĞ ĂŶ ĞƋƵŝůŝďƌŝƵŵ͘ &ŝŶĂůůǇ͕ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ŵĞƚŚŽĚ ĞŵĞƌŐĞƐ͘͘ dŚĞ ƉƌŝŵĂƌǇ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚ͕ ďĞŐƵŶ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ĞŵĞƌŐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƐƉĂƟĂůŝƚǇ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ŝŶŶĞƌ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ďǇ ŚŝŐŚůŝŐŚŝŶŐ ŝŶ ǁŚĂƚ ǁĂǇ ĐŽƵůĚ Ă ƐĐƌŝƉƚĞĚ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ŵĂŶŝƉƵůĂƚĞ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ďǇ ƌĞĂƌƌĂŶŐŝŶŐ ŝƚƐ ĚĂƚĂ͕ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌĚƐ ŽĨ Ă ĚŝĐƚŽŶĂƌǇ͕ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞ ŽĨ Ă ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂů ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ƐƉƌŝŶŐ ƐǇƐƚĞŵ ǁŚŝĐŚ ƚƌŝĞƐ ƚŽ ĂĐŚŝĞǀĞ ĂŶ ĞƋƵŝůŝďƌŝƵŵ ŝŶ ŵƵůƟƉůĞ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶƐ͘ dŚĞ ƐĞĐŽŶĚ ƐƚĞƉ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚƐ ĨŽĐƵƐĞĚ ŵŽƌĞ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌƌĂĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ƐǇŶƚĂĐƟĐĂů ƌĞĂƌƌĂŶŐĞŵĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ Ă ŐŝǀĞŶ ƐƉĂĐĞ ĂŶĚ ŚŽǁ ŝƚ ǁŽƵůĚ ďĞ ĚŝƐƚŽƌƚĞĚ͘ dŚĞ ůĂƐƚ ƐƚĞƉ ĂƉƉůŝĞĚ ƚŚĞ ĂďŽǀĞ ĂƐƐƵŵƉƟŽŶƐ ŝŶ ƌĞĂů ƚĞƌŵƐ ĂŶĚ ƌĞƉůĂĐĞĚ ƚŚĞ ƐǇŶƚĂĐƟĐĂů ĚĂƚĂ ǁŝƚŚ ĐŝƚǇ ĚĂƚĂ͘ /ƚ ƌĞĂĚ ƚŚĞ ŚŝĚĚĞŶ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ĂŶĚ ŝŵŵĂƚĞƌŝĂů ďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞƌƐ ůŽĐĂƚĞĚ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ďƵīĞƌ ǌŽŶĞ ŝŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƌĞĂůŝƚǇ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ĐǇďĞƌƐƉĂĐĞ͘ /ƚ ƚƵƌŶĞĚ ƚŚĞ ĐŝƚǇ ŝŶƚŽ Ă ƚĞǆƚ ĂŶĚ ďǇ ŝƚƐ ƌĞĚĞĮŶŝƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ƚƌĂŶƐůĂƟŽŶ͕ ŝƚ ĐƌĞĂƚĞĚ Ă ŶĞǁ ĂƌĐŚŝƚĞĐƚƵƌĂů ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ƉƌŽƉŽƐĞ Ă ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶĂů ĂŶĚ ĨŽƌŵĂů ƐƚƌĂƚĞŐǇ ŽĨ t/&/ ƌĞĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ĂƌĞĂƐ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ĞŶƚƌĂů WĂƌŬ͘

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APPENDIX. A AP APP PP PPE PEN EN END ND NDI DIX DIX. X

[reWRITTEN TEXT] hŶĚĞƌ ƚŚĞ ĂƉƉƌŽĂĐŚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĚĞĮŶŝƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĚƌĂǁŝŶŐ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ďĂĐŬ ĂŶĚ ĨŽƌƚŚŽƐĐŝůůĂƟŽŶ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ƚŽŽů ;ĚƌĂǁŝŶŐͿ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƚ ;ƐƉĂĐĞͿ͕ / ƉĞƌĐĞŝǀĞƚŚĞ ǁƌŝƩĞŶ ƚĞǆƚ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ďĂƐŝƐ Žƌ ƚŚĞ ƉƌŝŵĂƌǇ ĚƌĂǁŝŶŐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƐƵďũĞĐƟǀĞ ƌƵůĞ ĨŽƌ Ă ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƐƉĂĐĞ͘ dŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ ĂƐ Ă ĐŽĚŝĮĞĚ ŵĞƐƐĂŐĞ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ǁƌŝƚĞƌ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚĞƌ ƐĞĞŵƐ ƚŽ ŽīĞƌ Ă ŚŝĚĚĞŶ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ƚŚĂƚ ŝĨ ƚƌĂŶƐůĂƚĞĚ ŝŶ ƐƉĂƟĂů ƚĞƌŵƐ͕ ĐŽƵůĚ ďĞ ƌĞǁƌŝƩĞŶ ŝŶƚŽ ĂŶ ĂƌĐŚŝƚĞĐƚƵƌĂů ĂŶĂůŽŐƵĞ͘ dŚ ĚĂŶŐĞƌ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƵďũĞĐƟǀŝƚǇ ŝƐ ŝŶĞǀŝƚĂďůĞ ďƵƚ ĂŌĞƌ ƚĂŬŝŶŐ ŝŶƚŽ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĂƟŽŶ ƚŚĂƚ ĞĂĐŚ ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ ŝƐ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂů ĂŶĚ ƵŶŝƋƵĞ͕ ĂŌĞƌ ƚŚĞ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ƌƵůĞƐ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŵĞĚŝĂƚĞ ƌĞĂĚĞƌ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ͘ /Ŷ ŽƚŚĞƌ ǁŽƌĚƐ͕ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ƌƵůĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐǇŶƚĂǆ ĂŶĚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŝŶŶĞƌ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ ĂƌĞ ƐĞƚ ĂŶĚ ĞǀĞƌǇ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƌĞĂĚĞƌ ĐŽƵůĚ ƵƐĞ ƚŚĞŵ ĂŶĚ ĐƌĞĂƚĞ Ă ƵŶŝƋƵĞ ŽďũĞĐƚ͘ TRANSLATION /Ŷ ĮƌƐƚ ƉůĂĐĞ͕ ƚŚĞ ŽďũĞĐƚ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚ ŽƵƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ ŝƐ ǀĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ƉĂƌĂŵĞƚĞƌƐ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŐƌĂŵŵĂƟĐĂů ĂƐƉĞĐƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ ƵƐĞĚ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ͘ &Žƌ͕ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƐƵƌĨĂĐĞƐ ĂƌĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞĚ ďǇ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚƐ͘ dŚĞ ŽǀĞƌůĂŝĚ ƐƵƌĨĂĐĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚƐŽĨ ƚŚĞƚĞǆƚ ĂůůŽǁ ƚŽ ƚĞƐƚ ƚŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌƐŝƐƟĂů ƐƉĂĐĞ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞŵ ĂƐ ǁĞůů ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ŐƌĂĚƵĂů ĚĞĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌŵŝĨ ƚŚĞǇ ĂƌĞ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉƉŝŶŐ Ăƚ ƚŚĞ ƐĂŵĞ ƟŵĞ͘ dŚĞ ƌĞƐƵůƚ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ŐƌĂĚƵĂů ĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ĐƌĞĂƚĞƐ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐ ƐƉĂƟĂů ĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌŝƐƟĐƐ͘ dŚĞ ŶĞǆƚ ĞǆƉĞƌŝŵĞŶƚ ĨŽĐƵƐĞƐ ŵĂŝŶůǇ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ŝŶŶĞƌ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐǇŶƚĂǆ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ ĂƐ ǁĞůů ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ƐƵďũĞĐƟǀĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĐŽŶŶĞĐƟŽŶƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů ƌĞĂĚĞƌ ǁŽƵůĚ ŵĂŬĞ ĚƵƌŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ͘ ŌĞƌ ƐĞƫŶŐ ƚŚŽƐĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ƌƵůĞƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚ ƚŚĞ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ͕ ƚŚĞ ŽďũĞĐƚ͕ ƚŚĞ ǀĞƌď ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ĐŽŶũƵĐƟŽŶƐ͕ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚĞƌ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ŚŝƐ ƵŶŝƋƵĞ ƵŶĚĞƌƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞƐ ƉƌŝŵĂƌǇ ƐŬĞůĞƚŽŶƐ͘ dŚŽƐĞ ƐŬĞůĞƚŽŶƐ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƚĞ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ŽĨ Ă ǁŽǀĞŶ ƐƵƌĨĂĐĞ ƚŚĂƚ ĞŶǀĞůŽƉƐ ĂƌŽƵŶĚ ƚŚĞŵ ĂŶĚ ĐƌĞĂƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƐƵƌĨĂĐĞ Ͳ ŽďũĞĐƚ ĨŽƌ ĞǀĞƌǇ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚ͘ dZ E^&KZD d/KE dŚĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞƐĞ ŽďũĞĐƚƐ ŽƵƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ ůĞĂĚƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŶŽƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ĂƐ ŝƚ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ĞǆĂŵŝŶĞĚ ŝŶ ƚŚŽƐĞ ƚĞƌŵƐ͘ dŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ŽŶĞ ƚĞƐƚƐ ƚŚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŽďũĞĐƚ ŝĨ ƚŚĞ ƐǇŶƚĂǆ Žƌ ƚŚĞ ŝŶŶĞƌ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ ĂƌĞ ĂůƚĞƌĞĚ͘ dŚĞ ĨŽƌŵ ĞǀĞŶƚƵĂůůǇ ĐŚĂŶŐĞƐ͘ dŚƌŽƵŐŚ ĚǇŶĂŵŝĐ ĚƌĂǁŝŶŐƐ ƚŚĞ ƚĞŶĚĞŶĐǇ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĂůƚĞƌĞĚ ĨŽƌŵ ƚŽ ŐŽ ďĂĐŬ ƚŽ ŝƚƐ ƉƌŝŵĂƌǇ ĐŽŶĚŝƟŽŶ ŝƐ ĞǆƉƌĞƐƐĞĚ͘ dŚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌŵĞĚŝĂƚĞ ƐƚĞƉƐ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ƚĞŶĚĞŶĐǇ ŵŽǀŵĞŶƚ ĐƌĞĂƚĞ ŶĞǁ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐ ŽďũĞĐƚƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĐŽŶƚĂŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟĐĞ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ƚŚĞŝƌ ƐŚĂƉĞ͘ dŚĞ ƐĞĐŽŶĚ ĂƐƉĞĐƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŶŽƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ŝƐ ƌĞůĂƚĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŽďũĞĐƟĨ ƐĞĞŶ ĨƌŽŵ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƉŽŝŶƚ ŽĨ ǀŝĞǁƐ͘ /Ŷ ĨĂĐƚ͕ ƐŝŶĐĞ ƚŚĞ ƚĞǆƚ ŝƐ ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚĞĚ ŝŶ Ă ƚŚƌĞĞ ĚŝŵĞŶƐŝŽŶĂů ŽďũĞĐƚ͕ ƚŚĞ ƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶ ŽĨ ŝƚ ďǇ ƚŚĞ ǀŝĞǁĞƌ ĚĞƉĞŶĚƐ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĚŝƐƚĂŶĐĞ͕ ƚŚĞ ƐĐĂůĞ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ǀŝĞǁƉŽƌƚ͘ dŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƚŚĞ ĚǇŶĂŵŝĐ ĚƌĂǁŝŶŐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĚĞƉŝĐƚƐ ƚŚĞ ĐŚĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĂŶŐůĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĞƌƐƉĞĐƟǀĞ͕ ƚŚŝƐ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂŝƚŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĞƌĐĞƉƟŽŶ ďĞĐŽŵĞƐ ĞǀŝĚĞŶƚ͘ &ŝŶĂůůǇ͕ ƚŚĞ ƚŚŝƌĚ ĂƐƉĞĐƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ůŝĞƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĨŽůĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ĞĂĐŚ ŽďũĞĐƚ ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚ ŝŶƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŶĞǆƚ ŽŶĞ͘ &Žƌ ŝŶƐƚĂŶĐĞ͕ǁŚŝĐŚ ǁŽƵůĚ ďĞ ƚŚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ƌŽƵƚ ƚŚĂƚ Ă ƉůĂŝŶ ƐƵƌĨĂĐĞ ǁŽƵůĚ ĨŽůůŽǁ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ďĞ ĐŽŶǀĞƌƚĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ƌĞĂĚ ŽďũĞĐƚ ĂŶĚ ƐŽ ŽŶ͘

DESIGN PROCESS dŚĞ ǁŚŽůĞ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞƐĞ ĚǇŶĂŵŝĐ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌŵ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŶĞĞĚ ƚŽ ĚĞƉŝĐƚ ƚŚŝƐ ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚ ĐŚĂŶŐĞ ƚŽ Ă ĨƌĞĞǌĞĚ ƌĞƐƵůƚ͕ ůĞĚ ƚŽ Ă ƐƉĞĐĮĐ ĚĞƐŝŐŶŝŶŐ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ͘ ĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚŝƐ͕ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ƚŚĂƚ ĞŵĞƌŐĞƐ ŽƵƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐůĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵƐ ǁŝƚŚŝŶ ŝƚƐĞůĨ ƵŶĚĞƌ ĐŝƌĐƵŵƐƚĂŶĐĞƐ ƐƵĐŚ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ĨŽůĚŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŽďũĞĐƚͲ ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŶĞǆƚ ŽŶĞ Žƌ ƚŚĞ ŵŽǀĞŵĞŶƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ǀŝĞǁƉŽƌƚ͕ ĚǇŶĂŵŝĐĂůůǇ ĐŚĂŶŐĞƐ͘ dŚĞ ĚǇŶĂŵŝĐ ĚƌĂǁŝŶŐ ůĞĂǀĞƐ ƚƌĂĐĞƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŝĨ ƌĞĐŽŶŶĞĐƚĞĚ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞ Ă ŶĞǁ ŽďũĞĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚƐ ƚŚĞ ͚͚ƐĐĂŶŶŝŶŐ͛͛ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ǀŝĞǁĚ ĨƌŽŵ Ă ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐ ĂŶŐůĞ͘ &Žƌ͕ ƚŚĞƌĞ ŝƐ Ă ĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚ ďĂĐŬ ĂŶĚ ĨŽƌƚŚ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ĚǇŶĂŵŝĐ ĚƌĂǁŝŶŐ ŽĨ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ĐĂƉƚƵƌĞ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ ĨƌŽŵ Ă ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶ ƉŽŝŶƚ ŽĨ ǀŝĞǁ ĐƌĞĂƟŶŐ ŶĞǁ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐ͘

PARAGRAPH OVERLAYING

ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ĞǆƚƌƵƐŝŽŶ ǀĂůƵĞƐ ĨŽƌ ĞǀĞƌǇ ƉĂƌƚ ŽĨ ƐƉĞĞĐŚ ĐƌĞĂƚĞ Ă ƐƵƌĨĂĐĞ

ϯ ƐĞƋƵĞŶƟĂů ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚƐ

APPROACH 1 THE PARAGRAPH BECOMES A LANDSCAPE ACCORDING TO VALUES SET ON EVERY DIFFERENT PART OF SPEECH. IF 3 SEQUENTIAL PARAGRAPHS ARE OVERLAID THEN AN INTERMEDIATE ^W /^ WZK h /E dt E d, W Z 'Z W,^ hZ/E' d, /Z ͚Z /E'͛͘

PARAGRAPH OBJECT/SURFACE APPROACH 2 dŚĞ ƐĞŵĂŶƟĐ ƌĞĂĚŝŶŐ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶƐ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƚŚĞ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƐŬĞůĞƚŽŶƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĂƌĞ ďĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ ƌƵůĞƐ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƌĞůĂƟŽŶƐ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ƚŚĞ ƐǇŶƚĂĐƟĐĂů ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ͘ dŚĞ ŶŽƵŶͲƐƵďũĞĐƚ ŝƐ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĚ ďǇ Ă ůŝŶĞ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĂĐƚƐ ŽŶ ĂŶ ŽďũĞĐƚ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ Ă ǀĞƌď͘ dŚĞ ŽďũĞĐƚ ŝƐ Ă ůŝŶĞ ĂƐ ǁĞůů͕ ďƵƚ ƚŚĞ ǀĞƌď ŝƐ ƌĞƉƌĞͲ ƐĞŶƚĞĚ ďǇ ůŝŶĞƐ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĐŽŶŶĞĐƚ ƚŚĞ ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ŽďũĞĐƚ͘ dŚĞ ĂĚǀĞƌď ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞ ĂĚũĞĐƟǀĞ ĨƵŶĐƟŽŶ ĂƐ ŵŽĚŝĮĞƌƐ ƚŽ Ă ǀĞƌď Žƌ Ă ŶŽƵŶ ƌĞƐƉĞĐƟǀĞůǇ͕ ƐŽ ƚŚĞǇ ĂƌĞ ƌĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞĚ ďǇ Ă ůŝŶĞ ǁŚŽƐĞ ŽŶĞ ǀĞƌƚĞǆ ĐŽŝŶĐŝĚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌĚ ƚŚĂƚ ŝƐ ŵŽĚŝĮĞĚ͘ ŌĞƌ ƚŚĞ ƐŬĞůĞƚŽŶ ƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞ͕ Ă ƵŶŝƋƵĞ ƐƵƌĨĂĐĞ ĞŶǀĞůŽƉƐ ĂƌŽƵŶĚ ƚŚŝƐ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶƐƟƚƵƚĞƐ ƚŚĞ ǁŽǀĞŶ ĂŶĂůŽŐƵĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚ͘

΀^ŝŶĐůĂŝƌ͕ /ĂŝŶ͕ tŚŝƚĞ ŚĂƉƉĞůů͕ ^ĐĂƌůĞƚ dƌĂĐŝŶŐƐ͕ 'ƌĂŶƚĂ WƵďůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ͕ ϭϵϴϳ͕ ƉĂŐĞ ϴ΁

͚͚

͛͛͘͘͘

͚͚

͛͛͘͘͘

͚͚

͛͛͘͘͘

͚͚

ƐŬĞůĞƚŽŶ ƌƵůĞƐ

^hZ& t s/E' ^ Ed E

͛͛͘͘͘

^hZ& t s/E' W Z 'Z W,

^hZ& t s/E' ^ Yh E K& W Z 'Z W,^

PARAGRAPH ALTERATION

TRANSFORMATION /Es ^d/' d/KE K& ,Kt d, K : d Z d tKh> , E' /& Ez K& d, > D Ed^ K& d, ^ Ed E tKh> D/^^͘ ,Kt /DWKZd Ed d,/^ dZ E^&KZD d/KE tKh> E t,/ , tKh> d, ^d ' ^ K& d, >d Z W Z ͳ GRAPH IF IT HAD TO BE DISTORTED IN ORDER TO RETURN TO THE NORMAL CONDITION

ƉƌŝŵĂƌǇ ŽďũĞĐƚͲƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚ

ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚ ŵŝƐƐŝŶŐ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ

ŵŝƐƐŝŶŐ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ŵŝĚĚůĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚ

ŵŝƐƐŝŶŐ ĞǆƉůĂŶĂƚŽƌǇ ƐĞŶƚĞŶĐĞ

ƐƵƌĨĂĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĂůƚĞƌĞĚ ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚͺƐƚĂŐĞ ϭ

ƐƵƌĨĂĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĂůƚĞƌĞĚ ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚͺƐƚĂŐĞ Ϯ

ƐƵƌĨĂĐĞ ĐƌĞĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĂůƚĞƌĞĚ ƉĂƌĂŐƌĂƉŚͺƐƚĂŐĞ ϯ

ďĞŐŐŝŶŝŶŐ ŽĨ ƚƌĂŶƐĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ

WK/Ed K& s/ t ͬ W Z Wd/KE dZ E^&KZD d/KEͺWK/Ed K& s/ t ^/E d, d yd EKt /^ d,Z /D E^/KE > K : d d, ͚Z Z͛ t/>>, s /&& Z Ed W Z Wd/KE^ K& /d W E /E' KE d, s Z/Kh^ W Z W d/s ^ K& K ^ Zs d/KE KZ d, ^ > ͘ d, Z /E' EKt /^ EKE >/E Z͘ d, Z t/E'^ dZz dK yWZ ^^ d, & d d, d t, d^ , E' ^ /^ d, WK/Ed K& s/ t Z d, Z d, E d, K : d /d^ >&͘

THE OBJECT REMAINS STABLE, THE PERSPECTIVE VARIES.

อบdZ E^&KZD d/KE K& d, W Z Wd/KE K& d, K : d /& d, W Z^W d/s CHANGES ALONG DIFFERENT TRAJECTORIES AROUND THE SKELETON STRUCTURE

อบdZ : dKZz

PROCEDURE TRACES

TRANSFORMATIONAL SCANNING

UNREAD PARAGRAPH WK/Ed K& s/ tอบ

FIRST PARAGRAPH

SECOND PARAGRAPH

THIRD PARAGRAPH

FOURTH PARAGRAPH

Z ZZ E' D Ed K& d, dZ ^ K& d, &K> /E' dt E d, W Zͳ 'Z W,^ͳK : d^͘ dtKͳ /D E^/KE > ^dZh dhZ t,/ , Z KZ ^ d, dZ E^&KZD d/KE > DKs D Ed K& d, d,Z ͳ /D E^/KE > OBJECTS. IT FUNCTIONS AS A SCANNING OF THE PROCESS SEEN FROM /&& Z Ed WK/Ed K& s/ t^͘

WK/Ed K& s/ tͺ

UNREAD PARAGRAPH

FIRST PARAGRAPH

SECOND PARAGRAPH

THIRD PARAGRAPH

FOURTH PARAGRAPH