The Almanac of Latino Politics, 2008 by Joaquin Andrade

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STATE PROFILES

Alabama

137

Alabama Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Alabama has continued its rapid rate of growth since 1990, growing at a rate 24 times faster than the general population. Much of the population is concentrated in Birmingham, Huntsville and Decatur. Counties with the largest Latino population are Jefferson and Madison.

AL 2.0

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and five (5) off seven (7) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control the Senate with an 11-vote majority and the House with a 19-vote majority. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 35 African American elected officials, including one Congressman. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

Governor U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

1 8

State House

Latino civic participation in Alabama has not kept up with the growth in population because non-citizens comprise a substantial percentage of the voting age population. As a result, only 13,000 Latinos are registered to vote, which is one-fourth of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 4th and 5th districts with a population of approximately 10,000 in each district. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Alabama. In a close race the outcome could be impacted by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Alabama was among 18 states that passed resolutions pertaining to immigrants in 2007. HR

138

Alabama

344 effectively served notice to all groups that illegally voting or registering to vote could result in a charge of a “Class A” felony. SJR 22 established the Joint Interim Patriotic Immigration Commission and defined its responsibilities, purpose and membership. Alabama adopted English as the official language in 1990 and is one (1) of 27 states to have such a law. Social Demographics • 50.8% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 36.3% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.2, compared to 40.3 for whites and 31.3 for blacks. • 6.8% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared with 4.9% for whites and 12.7% for blacks. • 52.6% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 47.4% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $31,930 compared to $44,990 for whites and $25,203 for blacks. • 53.8% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 3.5% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 69.0% that are white and 36.6% that are black. • 37.7% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 62.3% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 2,524 Latino-owned businesses in Alabama in 2002 with 756 million dollars in sales and receipts. Despite a decrease in the total number of Latino businesses between 1997 and 2002, receipts for Latino-owned firms increased 91% during this five-year period. In 2002 there were 670 Latino businesses with 6,744 paid employees and an annual payroll of 190 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Alabama increased 515% from 1990 to 2004, the 7th fastest rate of growth in the nation. Latino purchasing power totaled 1.8 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to exceed three (3) billion dollars per year by 2009.

Alabama

,!4)./ /2)'). 0/05,!4)/. "9 !.#%3429 ).

139

,!4)./ !.$ 34!4% 0/05,!4)/. ).#2%!3% t 352.44%

80000 13.82% 0 70000

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

34!4% 0/05,!4)/. "9 2!#% !.$ ,!4)./ /2)').

60000

2.4% 2.4% 50000 26.2%

69.0%

40000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

30000

3,171,700 1,204,136 111,432 111,762

20000

34!4% !.$ ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. 0%2#%.4 #(!.'% t General Population

10000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican

71,146 8,629

63.85% 7.77%

Cuban Central American South American

5,312 15,188 4,467 6,690

4.77% 13.63% 4.01% 6.00%

Other Latino

Latino Population

1990

4,040,587

24,629

2006

4,599,030

111,432

13.82%

352.44%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

15.54%

140

Alabama

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Birmingham

242,820

3,764

1.60%

2. Huntsville

158,216

3,225

2.00%

3. Decatur

53,929

3,040

5.60%

4. Mobile

198,915

2,828

1.40%

5. Albertville

17,247

2,773

16.10%

201,568

2,484

1.20%

7. Hoover

62,742

2,380

3.80%

8. Fort Payne

12,938

1,574

12.20%

6. Montgomery

9. Russellville

8,971

1,134

12.60%

10. Tuscaloosa

77,906

1,092

1.40%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Jefferson County

17,337

2.60%

2,745

531.60%

Marshall County

8,100

9.30%

289

2702.80%

Madison County

7,371

2.40%

2,984

147.00%

DeKalb County

6,460

9.50%

215

2904.70%

Mobile County

6,067

1.50%

3,164

91.80%

Shelby County

5,934

3.30%

525

1030.30% 900.30%

Morgan County

5,842

5.10%

584

Baldwin County

4,176

2.50%

1,022

308.60%

Blount County

3,752

6.60%

286

1211.90%

Franklin County

3,527

11.40%

101

3392.10%

Montgomery County

3,429

1.50%

1,624

111.10%

Tuscaloosa County

3,032

1.80%

948

219.80%

Cullman County

2,748

3.40%

272

910.30%

Etowah County

2,674

2.60%

331

707.90%

Limestone County

2,589

3.60%

261

892.00%

Calhoun County

2,399

2.10%

1,282

87.10%

Lee County

2,238

1.80%

552

305.40%

continued on next page

Alabama

141

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Chilton County

1,608

Dale County

1,580

Coffee County

1,568

Houston County

1,488

1.60%

464

220.70%

Elmore County

1,240

1.60%

270

359.30%

Lauderdale County

1,135

1.30%

313

262.60%

Russell County

1,067

2.10%

301

254.50%

St. Clair County

1,054

1.40%

209

404.30%

County

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

3.80%

116

1286.20%

3.30%

1,215

30.00%

3.40%

471

232.90%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

39,000

8,000

2,000

6,000

Nov. 2006

69,000

16,000

13,000

3,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary: January 25, 2008 Democratic Primary Election: February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election: February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election: October 24, 2008 General Election: November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

9 3.3%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

142

Alabama

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Jo Bonner (R)

666,932

1.60%

27.90%

District 2

Terry Everett (R)

649,951

1.90%

30.90%

34.80%

District 3

Michael Rogers (R)

657,814

1.50%

31.90%

35.60%

District 4

Robert Aderholt (R)

652,585

4.60%

5.10%

11.50%

District 5

Robert Cramer, Jr. (D)

670,041

2.80%

17.20%

23.60%

District 6

Spencer Bachus (R)

697,031

2.20%

10.90%

15.80%

District 7

Artur Davis (D)

604,676

2.50%

63.40%

67.30%

4,599,030

2.40%

26.70%

31.60%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0, State House = 0

Total % Minority 32.50%

Alaska

143

Alaska Political Demographics The Latino population in Alaska has continued its rapid rate of growth since 1990, growing at a rate over four (4) times faster than the general population and accounting for 15% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Anchorage, Fairbanks and Juneau. Counties with the largest Latino population are Anchorage and Fairbanks.

AK 4.8

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the Governorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s office, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and the only seat in U.S. House. In the state legislature, the Senate is controlled by a Coalition of like-minded Democrats and Republicans, and Republicans control the House with a 6-vote margin. The state was not been active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There is only one Latino elected official in the state. The Governor appointed David A. Marquez as Attorney General in 2005. There is one African American state legislator.

Office

Democrat

Republican

Governor

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Other

Coalition (15)

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

The rate of Latino civic participation remains at a respectable 70% in voter registration. Onethird of the Latino voting age population is non-citizen. Given that Alaska has only one (1) congressional district, all 37,000+ Latinos reside in that one (1) district. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Twenty-one Republicans will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Alaska. If the senatorial election is hotly contested, it could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

144

Alaska

Current Political Issues The Alaska legislature attempted to make English the official language in 1998, but the law was overturned by the state’s Supreme Court in 2002. To its credit, Alaska is one (1) of only four (4) states that did not pass immigration-related legislation in 2007. Social Demographics • 27.0% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 34.9% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.5, compared to 36.8 for whites and 32.2 for blacks. • 75.7% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 24.3% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $55,322 compared to $65,765 for whites and $40,499 for blacks. • 82.2% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 7.7% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 62.5% that are white and 4.3% that are black. • 45.7% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 54.3% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 1,241 Latino-owned businesses in Alaska in 2002 with 171 million dollars in sales and receipts. Alaska ranked 43rd in total number of Latino-owned businesses and 45th in sales. Between 1997 and 2002, Alaska suffered a 10% decrease in the total number of Latino businesses and a 21% decrease in receipts from Latino-owned firms. In 2002 there were 287 Latino businesses with 1,085 paid employees and an annual payroll of 44.3 million dollars.

Alaska

145

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

110.63%

25000 21.82% 0

100

120

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 20000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

25.1%

15000

66.3% 5.6% 3.0% 10000

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

443,944 20,419 37,498

Other

168,192

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

5000

Mexican Puerto Rican

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino

21,987 2,495 510 3,754

58.64% 6.70% 1.36% 10.01%

1,377 7,375

3.67% 19.67%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

550,043

17,803

2006

670,053

37,498

Percent Increase 1990-2006

21.82%

110.63%

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

16.41%

146

Alaska

4/0 #)4)%3 "9 ,!4)./ #/.#%.42!4)/. City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Anchorage

260,283

14,799

5.70%

2. Fairbanks

30,224

1,854

6.10%

3. Juneau

30,711

1,040

3.40%

4,283

551

12.90%

4. Unalaska 5. Kodiak

6,334

541

8.50%

6. College

11,402

396

3.50%

7. Eielson

5,400

314

5.80%

8. Sitka

8,835

290

3.30%

9. Ketchikan

7,922

268

3.40%

6,942

265

3.80%

10. Kenai

,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. "9 #/5.4)%3 (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County Anchorage Municipality

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006 125.50%

20,874

7.50%

9,258

Fairbanks North Star Borough

4,969

5.70%

2,899

71.40%

Matanuska-Susitna Borough

2,486

3.10%

752

230.60%

Kenai Peninsula Borough

1,525

2.90%

726

110.10%

Juneau City and Borough

1,299

4.20%

749

73.40%

Kodiak Island Borough

1,034

7.90%

663

56.00%

Aleutians West Census Area

666

12.70%

742

-10.2%

Aleutians East Borough

396

15.00%

180

120.00%

%34)-!4%$ ,!4)./ 6/4).' !'% 0/05,!4)/. 6!0 !.$ 2%')34%2%$ 6/4%23 ). Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

22,000

18,000

13,000

10,000

5,000

Nov. 2006

15,000

10,000

7,000

6,000

3,000

Alaska

147

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 7, 2008 Democratic Caucus February 5, 2008 Republican Caucus February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 5, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 3

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.1%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Population

At Large

Don Young (R)

670,053

5.60%

3.00%

33.70%

670,053

5.60%

3.00%

33.70%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

AfricanHispanic American

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0 State House = 0

Total % Minority

Arizona

149

Arizona Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Arizona has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate over two (2) times faster than the general population and accounting for 45% of the state’s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Phoenix and Tucson. Counties with the largest Latino population are Maricopa, Pima and Yuma.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

AZ 28.1

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor. Republicans control both seats in the U.S. Senate and four (4) of eight (8) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 4-vote majority in the Senate and a 6-vote majority in the House. The state was extremely active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 377 Latino elected officials in the state, including two (2) members of Congress. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

2 6

State House

Latino civic participation in Arizona has not kept up with the state’s rate of Latino population growth, due to the huge number of non-citizens. There are 401,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is slightly more than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 4th and 7th congressional districts, with a population ranging from 325,000450,000 in each district. There are also an estimated 100,000 Latinos residing in each of the state’s six (6) other congressional districts. The Latino community is most heavily concentrated in 26 state senate and 26 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state with the help of 43% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections While neither the Governor nor the state’s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, the

150

Arizona

retirement of the Republican incumbent in the 1st congressional district and the 2006 upset of the Republican incumbent in the 5th district, and the possibility that the state’s senior Senator may be the Republican nominee for President, the dynamics of the presidential election should impact these elections as well. Current Political Issues Building on the worse anti-Latino year in Arizona history that, in 2006, saw voters approve propositions that would deny bail, deny civil lawsuit awards, and deny in-state tuition for undocumented immigrants, and establish English as the official language, in 2007, Arizona was among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. HB 2779 prohibits employers from knowingly or intentionally hiring undocumented workers and requires all employers to use the Basic Pilot Program to determine employees’ legal status. The state was also among 10 to pass laws pertaining to law enforcement. HB 2181 provides funds for immigration law enforcement in the state. HB 2787 denies bail for a felony if there is probable cause that the individual is an undocumented immigrant. Arizona was also among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. HB 2467 requires citizenship, permanent residency, or lawful presence in the U.S. to receive public benefits. The state was also among 18 adopting resolutions, which would allow the National Guard on the Mexican border to defend against, engage, pursue and apprehend illegal entrants (HCM 2012) and urge Congress to repeal the privacy violations contained in the Real ID Act (SM 1005). In 2008 Arizonans will be asked to support the Arizona Civil Rights Initiative, which would end preferential treatment based on race, gender, ethnicity or national origin by state and local governments. Social Demographics • 36.6% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 37.4% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.5, compared to 42.2 for whites and 30.4 for blacks. • 5.7% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.1% for whites and 6.0% for blacks. • 67.2% of Latino Spanish-speakers 5 years and older speak English ‘well or very well’, and 32.8% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $37,288 compared to $52,244 for whites and $41,198 for blacks. • 70.9% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 44.8% of the children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 50.9% that are white and 4.5% that are black. • 56.2% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 43.8% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 35,104 Latino-owned businesses in Arizona in 2002 with 4.2 billion dollars in sales and receipts. In 2002, there were 5,019 Latino-owned businesses with 39,363 paid employees and an annual payroll of 8.1 billion dollars. Latino purchasing power in Arizona was 20.2 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 31.2 billion dollars by 2009.

Arizona

,!4)./ /2)'). 0/05,!4)/. "9 !.#%3429 ).

151

,!4)./ !.$ 34!4% 0/05,!4)/. ).#2%!3% t 161.99%

1750000 68.24% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

34!4% 0/05,!4)/. "9 2!#% !.$ ,!4)./ /2)').

1312500

29.2% 59.5% 875000

8.0% 3.2% Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

3,668,571 198,854 1,803,377 495,516

437500

34!4% !.$ ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. 0%2#%.4 #(!.'% t General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

1,601,082 31,273

88.78% 1.7%

9,119 40,556

0.51% 2.25%

15,054 106,293

0.83% 5.89%

Latino Population

1990

3,665,228

688,338

2006

6,166,318

1,803,377

68.24%

161.99%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

44.58%

152

Arizona

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1,321,045

449,972

34.10%

2. Tucson

486,699

173,868

35.70%

3. Mesa

396,375

78,281

19.70%

4. Glendale

218,812

54,343

24.80%

5. Chandler

176,581

37,059

21.00%

6. Yuma

77,515

35,400

45.70%

7. Tempe

158,625

28,473

17.90%

8. Nogales

20,878

19,539

93.60%

108,364

16,699

15.40%

35,883

16,589

46.20%

1. Phoenix

9. Peoria 10. Avondale

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Pima County

307,625

32.50%

163,262

88.40%

Yuma County

104,898

55.90%

28,379

269.60%

Pinal County

80,035

29.50%

34,062

135.00%

Cochise County

40,331

31.60%

9,696

316.00%

Santa Cruz County

34,734

80.60%

23,221

49.60%

Mohave County

25822

13.40%

43388

-40.50%

Yavapai County

25,231

12.10%

6,899

265.70%

Coconino County

15,158

12.10%

4,919

208.20%

Navajo County

10,510

9.40%

5,652

86.00%

9,259

27.50%

6,682

38.60%

Graham County Gila County

8,550

16.40%

7,486

14.20%

La Paz County

4,590

22.70%

3,139

46.20%

Apache County

3,598

5.10%

2,599

38.40%

Greenlee County

3,481

45.00%

3,456

0.70%

Arizona

153

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

1,160,000

629,000

354,000

296,000

275,000

Nov. 2006

1,243,000

747,000

401,000

273,000

346,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 7, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 4, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

123

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

153

Specials District Officials 10

Electoral Vote

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

3.7%

TOTAL

377

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Population

Hispanic

AfricanAmerican

Total % Minority

District 1

Rick Renzi (R)

730,163

18.70%

1.10%

42.90%

District 2

Trent Franks (R)

897,525

19.30%

3.10%

28.00%

District 3

John Shadegg (R)

699,585

20.20%

2.90%

28.10%

District 4

Ed Pastor (D)

707,088

65.00%

7.50%

77.40%

District 5

Harry Mitchell (D)

671,465

16.90%

2.90%

28.70%

District 6

Jeff Flake (R)

948,360

21.50%

2.20%

29.30%

District 7

Raul Grijalva (D)

787,055

54.80%

3.30%

65.40%

District 8

Gabrielle Giffords (D)

725,077

19.90%

3.20%

28.20%

6,166,318

29.50%

3.30%

41.00%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

154

Arizona

34!4% ,%')3,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2 State Senate District 1

10.40% District 13

60.40% District 23

District 3

10.60% District 14

64.00% District 24

34.60% 49.40%

District 5

17.70% District 15

41.10% District 25

43.80%

District 6

10.00% District 16

64.70% District 26

13.80%

District 7

11.10% District 17

18.90% District 27

49.40%

District 9

12.40% District 18

30.70% District 28

18.40%

District 10

20.40% District 20

10.70% District 29

50.30%

District 11

10.00% District 21

22.00% District 30

12.80%

District 12

31.50% District 22

11.40%

District 1

10.40% District 13

60.40% District 23

District 3

10.60% District 14

64.00% District 24

49.40%

District 5

17.70% District 15

41.10% District 25

43.80%

District 6

10.00% District 16

64.70% District 26

13.80%

District 7

11.10% District 17

18.90% District 27

49.40%

District 9

12.40% District 18

30.70% District 28

18.40%

District 10

20.40% District 20

10.70% District 29

50.30%

District 11

10.00% District 21

22.00% District 30

12.80%

District 12

31.50% District 22

11.40%

State House 34.60%

Arkansas

155

Arkansas Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Arkansas is among the fastest growing in the nation, increasing over 500% since 1990 and accounting for 30% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Springdale, Rogers and Fort Smith. Counties with the largest Latino population include Washington, Pulaski, Sebastian and Sevier.

AR 4.4

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and three (3) of four (4) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control the Senate by a 3-to-1 margin and the House by a 3-to-1 margin. The state was among the most active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

U.S. Senate

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Vacant

Latino civic participation has not kept up with the growth in population because of the high number of non-citizens of voting age. As a result, only 15,000 are registered to vote and there is no Latino elected official in the state. Most Latinos reside in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th congressional districts with a population of approximately 10,000 in each district. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Arkansas. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, and could also be impacted by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Arkansas adopted English as the official language in 1987 and is one of 27 states to have

156

Arkansas

such a law. Arkansas was among 31 states that passed immigration-related laws pertaining to identification, driver’s licenses, or other licenses in 2007. HB 1500 effectively requires business establishments that hold alcohol licenses to show proof of citizenship or legal residence. Arkansas was also among 18 states adopting resolutions. HR 1003 called on Congress to establish comprehensive immigration policy that would: secure the nation’s borders; develop a guest worker program that screens for criminal background as well as employability; develop a guest worker program that, in addition to emergency services, be used to provide limited basic health care services; cooperate with other countries in developing databases for criminal background checks, citizenship held, employment skills, and educational background; and, cooperate with the State of Arkansas and other states in addressing current illegal immigration problems.

Social Demographics • 49.6% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 38.0% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.8, compared to 40.2 for whites and 29.8 for blacks. 7.5% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to • • 5.5% for whites and 14.8% for blacks. • 59.7% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 40.3% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $30,704 compared to $40,177 for whites and $23,265 for blacks. • 58.6% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 8.0% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 78.6% that are white and 23.5% that are black. • 46.3% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 53.7% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 2,095 Latino-owned businesses in Arkansas in 2002 with 387 million dollars in sales and receipts. In 2002 there were 419 Latino businesses with 3,272 paid employees and an annual payroll of 65 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Arkansas increased 925% from 1990 to 2004, the 2nd fastest rate of growth in the nation. Latino purchasing power totaled 1.7 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to exceed 3.4 billion dollars per year by 2009.

Arkansas

157

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

595.73%

105000 19.57% 0

100 200 300 400 500 600 Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

87500

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 3.2% 70000

4.9% 15.5% 76.3%

52500

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

35000

2,145,922 435,987 138,283 90,680

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 17500 General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

104,920 2,615 650

75.87% 1.9% 0.47%

16,418 2,958

11.87% 2.14%

10,722

7.75%

Latino Population

1990

2,350,725

19,876

2006

2,810,872

138,283

19.57%

595.73%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

25.73%

158

Arkansas

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Springdale

45,798

9,005

19.70%

2. Rogers

38,829

7,490

19.30%

3. Fort Smith

80,268

7,048

8.80%

4. Little Rock

183,133

4,889

2.70%

5. Fayetteville

58,047

2,821

4.90%

6. De Queen

5,765

2,225

38.60%

7. Siloam Springs

10,843

1,518

14.00%

8. North Little Rock

60,433

1,463

2.40%

9. Hope

10,616

1,431

13.50%

35,750

1,358

3.80%

10. Hot Springs

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Washington County

24,051

12.90%

1,526

1476.10%

Pulaski County

13,256

3.60%

3,199

314.40%

Sebastian County

12,391

10.30%

1,362

809.80%

Sevier County

4,475

27.50%

632

608.10%

Yell County

3,917

17.90%

177

2113.00%

Carroll County

3,800

13.90%

194

1858.80%

Hempstead County

2,940

12.60%

291

910.30%

Pope County

2,441

4.20%

423

477.10%

Johnson County

2,377

9.70%

221

975.60%

Saline County

2,029

2.20%

378

436.80%

White County

1,973

2.70%

372

430.40%

St. Francis County

1,454

5.30%

202

619.80%

Lonoke County

1,407

2.20%

246

472.00%

Howard County

1,317

9.10%

1301.10%

County

Mississippi County

1,306

2.70%

745

75.30%

Bradley County

1,298

10.70%

191

579.60%

continued on next page

Arkansas

159

,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. "9 #/5.4)%3 (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

1,047

1.30%

427

145.20%

Jefferson County

%34)-!4%$ ,!4)./ 6/4).' !'% 0/05,!4)/. 6!0 !.$ 2%')34%2%$ 6/4%23 ). Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

73,000

25,000

10,000

7,000

15,000

Nov. 2006

106,000

51,000

15,000

10,000

36,000

%,%#4)/. #!,%.$!2 Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 7, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 3, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

%,%#4/2!, #/,,%'% 6/4% Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

6 2.2%

,!4)./ %,%#4%$ /&&)#)!,3 ). U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

160

Arkansas

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Marion Berry (D)

675,114

1.80%

16.80%

District 2

Vic Snyder (D)

704,974

3.50%

20.70%

27.10%

District 3

John Boozman (R)

765,390

9.90%

2.30%

17.30%

District 4

Mike Ross (D)

665,394

3.90%

23.80%

30.40%

2,810,872

4.80%

15.90%

23.90%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 20.50%

34!4% ,%')3,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2 State Senate District 8

12.20% District 35

12.50%

District 21

14.20% District 93

16.60% District 95

11.10%

District 65

17.20% District 94

19.30% District 96

18.40%

State House

California

161

California Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in California has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate three (3) times faster than the general population and accounting for 80% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose and Santa Ana. Counties with the largest Latino population are Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino and Riverside.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

CA 34.9

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor. Democrats control both seats in the U.S. Senate and 34 of 53 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 10-vote majority in the Senate and a 16-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 1,167 Latino elected officials in the state, including seven members of Congress. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in California has not kept up with the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rate of Latino population growth, due to the large number of non-citizens. There are 2,482,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is slightly more than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 17th, 18th, 20th, 21st, 23rd, 28th , 31st, 32nd, 34th, 35th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 43rd, 47th, and 51st congressional districts, with a population ranging from 267,000490,000 in each. The Latino community is most heavily concentrated in 39 state senate and 80 state representative districts. Among African Americans and Latinos there are 38 state legislators and 12 members of Congress. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with the help of 63% of the Latino vote.

162

California

The 2008 Elections Neither the Governor nor the state’s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, which should impact the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues California passed a law, AB 976, prohibiting local governments from requiring a landlord to inquire into a tenant’s immigration status or take any action regarding a tenant’s known or suspected immigration status. The state was among 19 to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. SB 330 extends public benefits such as housing, income, and educational support to migrant workers. The Governor vetoed SB 382 which would allow same-day registration for new citizens who became citizens within the seven-day period prior to an election. California also adopted resolutions that urges all government officials who conduct immigrant policy to protect the human rights of immigrants (AJR 16) and that opposes an increase in the naturalization fee for legal permanent residents (AJR 18). California established English as the official language in 1986. Social Demographics • 41.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 35.2% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 26.5, compared to 42.4 for whites and 32.7 for blacks. • 7.8% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.3% for whites and 11.6% for blacks. • 68.1% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 31.9% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $43,805 compared to $65,310 for whites and $40,709 for blacks. • 70.4% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 54.0% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 35.5% that are white and 7.6% that are black. • 47.9% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 52.1% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 427,805 Latino-owned businesses in California in 2002 with 57.8 billion dollars in sales and receipts, representing a 27% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 12% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002, there were 47,627 Latino businesses with 446,694 paid employees and an annual payroll of 9.9 billion dollars. Latino purchasing power in California was 198.5 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 272.1 billion dollars by 2009.

California

163

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

70.06%

12000000 22.51% 0

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

10000000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 8000000 15.3%

42.8% 35.9% 6000000 6.0% Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

4000000

15,600,175 2,201,043 13,074,155 5,582,176

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 2000000 General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

10,841,524 160,130 85,992

82.92% 1.2% 0.66%

1,058,151 259,268

8.09% 1.98%

669,090

5.12%

Latino Population

1990

29,760,021

7,687,938

2006

36,457,549

13,074,155

22.51%

70.06%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

80.42%

164

California

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Los Angeles

3,694,820

1,719,073

46.50%

2. San Diego

1,223,400

310,752

25.40%

3. San Jose

894,943

269,989

30.20%

4. Santa Ana

337,977

257,097

76.10%

5. Fresno

427,652

170,520

39.90%

6. Long Beach

461,522

165,092

35.80%

7. Anaheim

328,014

153,374

46.80%

8. East Los Angeles

124,283

120,307

96.80%

9. Oxnard

170,358

112,807

66.20%

776,733

109,504

14.10%

10. San Francisco

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County Los Angeles County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006 40.50%

4,706,994

47.30%

3,351,242

Orange County

987,428

32.90%

564,828

74.80%

San Bernardino County

918,706

46.00%

378,582

142.70%

San Diego County

885,504

30.10%

510,781

73.40%

Riverside County

855,408

42.20%

307,514

178.20%

Santa Clara County

445,481

25.70%

314,564

41.60%

Fresno County

424,678

47.60%

236,634

79.50%

Kern County

352,415

45.20%

151,995

131.90%

Alameda County

312,426

21.40%

181,805

71.80%

Ventura County

292,063

36.50%

176,952

65.10%

Sacramento County

265,550

19.30%

121,544

118.50%

San Joaquin County

240,636

35.70%

112,673

113.60%

Tulare County

234,435

55.80%

120,893

93.90%

Contra Costa County

224,134

21.90%

91,282

145.50%

Monterey County

211,382

51.50%

119,570

76.80%

Stanislaus County

196,616

38.40%

80,897

143.00%

continued on next page

California

165

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

San Mateo County

162,149

23.00%

114,627

41.50%

Santa Barbara County

152,743

38.20%

98,199

55.50%

Merced County

128,269

52.20%

58,107

120.70%

Imperial County

121,366

75.70%

71,935

68.70%

San Francisco County

104,575

14.10%

100,717

3.80%

Sonoma County

102,749

22.00%

41,223

149.30%

County

Solano County

90,417

22.00%

45,517

98.60%

Madera County

72,042

49.20%

30,400

137.00%

Santa Cruz County

70,729

28.30%

46,797

51.10%

Kings County

69,651

47.70%

34,551

101.60%

Yolo County

52,781

28.10%

28,182

87.30%

San Luis Obispo County

46,924

18.30%

28,923

62.20%

Napa County

37,650

28.20%

15,941

136.20%

Placer County

35,328

10.80%

13,871

154.70%

Marin County

32,615

13.10%

17,930

81.90%

San Benito County

28,972

51.90%

16,800

72.50%

Butte County

25,948

12.00%

13,606

90.70%

Sutter County

24,354

26.60%

10,592

129.90%

El Dorado County

18,658

10.50%

8,777

112.60%

Mendocino County

17,324

19.70%

8,248

110.00% 129.20%

Yuba County

15,418

21.90%

6,728

Shasta County

12,985

7.20%

5,652

129.70%

Tehama County

11,731

19.00%

5,124

128.90%

Colusa County

10,631

50.00%

5,424

96.00%

Humboldt County

9,858

7.70%

4,989

97.60%

Lake County

9,848

14.90%

3,633

171.10%

Glenn County

9,402

33.50%

4,958

89.60%

Nevada County

6,828

6.90%

3,269

108.90%

Tuolumne County

5,263

9.30%

3,726

41.30%

Lassen County

5,095

14.70%

2,883

76.70%

continued on next page

166

California

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Calaveras County

4,451

9.30%

1,714

159.70%

Del Norte County

4,419

15.30%

2,414

83.10%

Siskiyou County

4,077

9.00%

2,549

59.90%

Amador County

3,780

9.70%

2,520

50.00%

Inyo County

2,961

16.50%

1,536

92.80%

Mono County

2,900

22.70%

1,126

157.50%

Mariposa County

1,835

10.00%

697

163.30%

Plumas County

1,320

6.20%

907

45.50%

Modoc County

1,136

11.80%

701

62.10%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

8,127,000

4,433,000

2,455,000

2,081,000

1,978,000

Nov. 2006

8,181,000

4,677,000

2,482,000

1,718,000

2,195,000

California

167

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 22, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 20, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

372

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

617

Specials District Officials 55

Electoral Vote

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

20.4%

TOTAL

1167

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Mike Thompson (D)

686,677

21.40%

1.70%

District 2

Wally Herger (R)

701,123

16.70%

1.00%

26.90%

District 3

Dan Lungren (R)

785,650

13.60%

5.90%

34.30%

District 4

John Doolittle (R)

748,169

9.80%

1.20%

19.10%

District 5

Doris Matsui (D)

658,493

25.70%

13.80%

60.70%

District 6

Lynn Woolsey (D)

641,428

17.90%

2.20%

27.90%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 33.70%

District 7

George Miller (D)

654,534

26.40%

15.60%

61.70%

District 8

Nancy Pelosi (D)

602,099

16.00%

7.80%

56.40%

District 9

Barbara Lee (D)

623,539

21.70%

21.40%

64.80%

District 10

Ellen Tauscher (D)

683,572

19.30%

7.10%

41.70%

District 11

Jerry McNereny (D)

792,039

23.60%

4.60%

46.30%

District 12

Tom Lantos (D)

642,844

15.90%

2.20%

55.30%

District 13

Pete Stark (D)

643,902

23.40%

6.90%

68.30%

District 14

Anna Eshoo (D)

651,056

19.40%

3.00%

44.10%

continued on next page

168

California

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY (continued) District

Congressional Representative

District 15

Mike Honda (D)

664,233

18.90%

2.30%

59.30%

District 16

Zoe Lofgren (D)

647,847

39.90%

3.00%

72.70%

District 17

Sam Farr (D)

641,114

47.00%

2.20%

57.90%

District 18

Dennis Cardoza (D)

700,850

49.60%

5.40%

67.30% 45.00%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 19

George Radanovich (R)

748,104

33.80%

3.20%

District 20

Jim Costa (D)

702,391

67.70%

6.20%

81.00%

District 21

Devin Nunes (R)

749,852

47.40%

2.30%

59.20%

District 22

Kevin McCarthy (R)

738,104

27.60%

5.60%

40.50%

District 23

Lois Capps (D)

637,864

44.10%

1.80%

54.00%

District 24

Elton Gallegly (R)

687,724

26.80%

1.60%

36.80% 54.20%

District 25

Howard McKeon (R)

786,155

35.70%

9.40%

District 26

David Dreier (R)

687,990

28.00%

4.50%

53.60%

District 27

Brad Sherman (D)

668,799

40.30%

4.10%

59.00%

District 28

Howard Berman (D)

654,761

57.10%

3.00%

68.30%

District 29

Adam Schiff (D)

651,759

24.80%

5.50%

57.80%

District 30

Henry Waxman (D)

650,728

8.60%

3.10%

25.10%

District 31

Xavier Becerra (D)

644,707

70.00%

4.00%

89.50%

District 32

Hilda Solis (D)

656,579

63.20%

2.00%

87.30%

District 33

Diane Watson (D)

648,535

36.70%

26.70%

78.10%

District 34

Lucille Roybal-Allard (D)

667,136

80.00%

4.60%

91.70% 91.50%

District 35

Maxine Waters (D)

685,806

56.00%

28.70%

District 36

Jane Harman (D)

664,004

33.40%

3.90%

55.10%

District 37

Juanita Millender-McDonald (D)

655,632

46.20%

24.10%

85.30%

District 38

Grace Napolitano (D)

660,653

73.90%

2.80%

88.60%

District 39

Linda Sanchez (D)

706,730

64.90%

5.80%

83.30%

District 40

Ed Royce (R)

672,377

32.80%

2.20%

57.00%

District 41

Jerry Lewis (R)

770,206

33.30%

5.60%

45.80%

District 42

Gary Miller (R)

687,751

26.20%

3.00%

51.90%

District 43

Joe Baca (D)

729,476

65.20%

11.40%

83.00%

District 44

Ken Calvert (R)

827,843

41.70%

4.70%

55.50%

District 45

Mary Bono (R)

826,129

39.90%

6.40%

56.60%

continued on next page

CALIFORNIA

169

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY (continued) District

Congressional Representative

District 46

Dana Rohrabacher (R)

644,395

19.00%

1.60%

District 47

Loretta Sanchez (D)

649,040

69.40%

1.10%

86.60%

District 48

John Campbell (R)

689,639

16.60%

1.70%

38.20%

District 49

Darrell Issa (R)

749,162

35.40%

4.60%

47.90%

District 50

Brian Bilbray (R)

710,358

20.90%

1.50%

38.80%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 40.10%

District 51

Bob Filner (D)

683,959

59.70%

7.30%

81.90%

District 52

Duncan Hunter (R)

650,592

16.70%

3.50%

32.20%

District 53

Susan Davis (D)

STATEWIDE TOTALS

643,440

31.60%

7.40%

50.70%

36,457,549

35.90%

6.10%

57.50%

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 2

16.20% District 15

24.40% District 28

30.40%

District 3

14.50% District 16

63.20% District 29

25.90%

District 4

12.10% District 17

27.40% District 30

75.40%

District 5

27.10% District 18

27.20% District 31

31.00%

District 6

18.30% District 19

21.50% District 32

58.80%

District 7

15.40% District 20

61.40% District 33

20.20%

District 8

15.60% District 21

26.00% District 34

58.50%

District 9

19.00% District 22

72.80% District 35

15.00%

District 10

20.60% District 23

21.20% District 36

15.90%

District 11

17.00% District 24

64.70% District 37

31.00%

District 12

49.20% District 25

41.00% District 38

25.70%

District 13

34.90% District 26

36.80% District 39

19.40%

District 14

24.80% District 27

45.10% District 40

60.50%

170

california

34!4% ,%')34,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2 CONTINUED State House District 1

12.50% District 28

59.00% District 55

District 2

14.80% District 29

30.20% District 56

44.50% 52.50%

District 3

10.00% District 30

61.30% District 57

62.80%

District 4

10.80% District 31

61.50% District 58

67.40%

District 5

10.40% District 32

24.00% District 59

21.20%

District 6

12.70% District 33

27.30% District 60

24.00%

District 7

19.70% District 34

37.60% District 61

59.30%

District 8

20.90% District 35

37.90% District 62

59.80%

District 9

23.30% District 36

29.70% District 63

30.10%

District 10

14.50% District 37

23.10% District 64

29.20%

District 11

21.50% District 38

20.20% District 65

26.70%

District 12

14.20% District 39

74.00% District 66

33.30%

District 13

16.30% District 40

38.80% District 67

18.50%

District 14

15.10% District 41

20.00% District 68

28.70%

District 15

13.60% District 42

10.40% District 69

74.00%

District 16

21.00% District 43

28.90% District 70

13.10%

District 17

43.30% District 44

29.70% District 71

23.80%

District 18

23.50% District 45

67.60% District 72

38.40%

District 19

17.70% District 46

85.40% District 73

22.40%

District 20

16.90% District 47

26.00% District 74

26.30%

District 21

17.30% District 48

51.50% District 75

12.50%

District 22

14.20% District 49

46.60% District 76

20.50%

District 23

47.20% District 50

79.50% District 77

15.00%

District 24

17.50% District 51

43.80% District 78

27.80%

District 25

19.10% District 52

65.00% District 79

57.30%

District 26

32.60% District 53

16.80% District 80

60.00%

District 27

18.40% District 54

26.20%

Colorado

171

Colorado Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Colorado has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate over three (3) times faster than the general population, and accounting for 35% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Denver, Aurora, Pueblo and Colorado Springs. Counties with the largest Latino population are Denver, Adams, El Paso and Arapahoe.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

CO 19.2

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate, and four (4) of seven (7) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 5-vote majority in the Senate and a 13-vote majority in the House. The state was very active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 167 Latino elected officials in the state, including one (1) U.S. Senator and one (1) Congressman. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Governor

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Vacant

Latino civic participation in Colorado has not kept up with the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rate of Latino population growth, due to the huge number of non-citizens. There are 228,000 Latinos registered to vote, just under two-thirds of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 1st, 3rd, and 7th congressional districts, with a population ranging from 120,000-180,000. The Latino community is most heavily concentrated in 22 state senate and 39 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state with the help of 30% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Colorado. The incumbent, Wayne Allard, has announced that he will not seek

172

Colorado

reelection, so the Congressman from the 6th district, Tom Tancredo, will be leaving his seat to run for the Senate. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Colorado was among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. HB 1073 relates to the use of the Basic Pilot Program in connection with a public contract for services in order to confirm the employment eligibility of all newly hired workers. HB 1286 concerns documentation that proves legal U.S. residence by an individual applying for unemployment insurance. The state was also among 10 states to pass a law pertaining to law enforcement. HB 1040 requires a no-bond warrant be issued in a criminal case when the defendant is determined to be in the country illegally and prohibits the court from dismissing criminal charges against such illegal person. Colorado was also among 10 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. HB 1314 requires proof of lawful residence in the U.S. for receipt of public funds. Colorado also adopted a resolution asking the federal government reimbursement for costs of incarcerating undocumented immigrants. Social Demographics • 30.3% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 34.7% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 27.1, compared to 39.1 for whites and 32.0 for blacks. • 7.9% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.6% for whites and 9.7% for blacks. • 66.7% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 33.3% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $35,941 compared to $57,903 for whites and $34,563 for blacks. • 74.4% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 30.3% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 71.8% that are white and 5.0% that are black. • 52.4% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 47.6% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 24,054 Latino-owned businesses in Colorado in 2002 with 5.1 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 15% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 67% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 4,075 Latino businesses with 32,465 paid employees and an annual payroll of 807 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Colorado was 15 billion dollars in 2004.

Colorado

173

,!4)./ !.$ 34!4% 0/05,!4)/. ).#2%!3% t

,!4)./ /2)'). 0/05,!4)/. "9 !.#%3429 ).

120.22%

700000 44.29% 0 612500

120

150

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

34!4% 0/05,!4)/. "9 2!#% !.$ ,!4)./ /2)').

525000

5.2% 437500 19.7% 71.5% 350000

3.6%

262500

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

3,400,011 170,995 934,410 247,961

175000

34!4% !.$ ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. 0%2#%.4 #(!.'% t General Population

Latino Population

1990

3,294,394

424,302

2006

4,753,377

934,410

44.29%

120.22%

87500

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

671,341 18,148 4,917

71.85% 1.9% 0.53%

26,526 11,360

2.84% 1.22%

202,118

21.63%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

34.96%

174

Colorado

4/0 #)4)%3 "9 ,!4)./ #/.#%.42!4)/. City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

1. Denver

554,636

175,704

Percent Latino 31.70%

2. Aurora

276,393

54,764

19.80%

3. Pueblo

102,121

45,066

44.10%

4. Colorado Springs

360,890

43,330

12.00%

5. Greeley 6. Lakewood 7. Thornton

76,930

22,683

29.50%

144,126

20,949

14.50% 21.30%

82,384

17,583

100,940

15,369

15.20%

9. Longmont

71,093

13,558

19.10%

10. Commerce

20,991

11,096

52.90%

8. Westminster

,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. "9 #/5.4)%3 (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Denver County

197,424

34.80%

107,382

83.90%

Adams County

146,344

35.30%

49,179

197.60%

Arapahoe County

89,531

16.70%

21,743

311.80%

El Paso County

74,156

12.90%

34,473

115.10%

Jefferson County

69,777

13.20%

30,791

126.60% 136.90%

Weld County

65,143

27.50%

27,502

Pueblo County

58,889

38.50%

44,090

33.60%

Boulder County

36,887

13.10%

15,195

142.80%

Larimer County

26,579

9.60%

12,227

117.40%

Douglas County

17,692

6.70%

1,910

826.30%

Mesa County

14,675

10.90%

7,563

94.00%

Eagle County

13,507

27.50%

2,917

363.00%

Garfield County

12,002

23.10%

1,673

617.40%

Morgan County

8,953

31.90%

4,034

121.90%

Otero County

7,547

38.80%

7,104

6.20%

Alamosa County

6,742

44.30%

5,254

28.30%

continued on next page

Colorado

175

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Montrose County

6,491

16.80%

2,736

137.20%

Las Animas County

6,240

40.10%

6,080

2.60%

Prowers County

5,240

38.00%

3,102

68.90%

Fremont County

5,043

10.50%

2,759

82.80%

La Plata County

5,002

10.40%

3,586

39.50%

Conejos County

4,571

54.40%

4,463

2.40%

Rio Grande County

4,448

37.00%

4,342

2.40%

Delta County

3,864

12.70%

1,915

101.80%

Summit County

3,467

13.70%

323

973.40%

Lake County

3,311

42.40%

1,434

130.90%

Saguache County

3,180

45.40%

2,106

51.00%

Logan County

2,718

13.10%

1,393

95.10%

Huerfano County

2,669

34.20%

2,428

9.90%

Montezuma County

2,388

9.50%

1,612

48.10% -13.10%

County

Costilla County

2,132

63.10%

2,452

Archuleta County

1,939

15.70%

1,244

55.90%

Yuma County

1,916

19.50%

284

574.60%

Moffat County

1,767

12.90%

698

153.20%

Bent County

1,709

30.80%

1,371

24.70%

Chaffee County

1,463

8.60%

1,200

21.90%

Crowley County

1,296

24.10%

912

42.10%

Kit Carson County

1,287

17.00%

468

175.00%

Elbert County

1,147

4.90%

211

443.60%

Pitkin County

1,093

7.40%

475

130.10%

Teller County

1,068

4.80%

322

231.70%

831

18.10%

170

388.80% 674.70%

Phillips County Lincoln County

581

10.60%

Sedgwick County

369

15.00%

230

60.40%

San Juan County

11.40%

118

-44.10%

176

Colorado

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

574,000

361,000

204,000

165,000

157,000

Nov. 2006

563,000

397,000

228,000

159,000

169,000

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 9

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

3.3%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

167

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Diane DeGette (D)

624,028

33.20%

9.80%

48.70%

District 2

Mark Udall (D)

681,241

18.00%

0.90%

25.00%

District 3

John Salazar (D)

676,395

22.40%

0.70%

26.70%

District 4

Marilyn Musgrave ( R)

688,513

19.20%

0.70%

23.40%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 5

Doug Lamborn ( R)

679,861

12.70%

5.10%

24.10%

District 6

Tom Tancredo ( R)

744,831

7.20%

2.50%

15.50%

District 7

Ed Perlmutter (D)

658,508

27.50%

6.30%

39.20%

4,753,377

20.00%

3.70%

28.90%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Colorado

177

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER (continued) State Senate District 1

17.00% District 12

10.80% District 29

22.60%

District 2

23.10% District 13

26.50% District 31

32.00%

District 3

39.80% District 17

15.50% District 32

22.60%

District 5

23.00% District 20

11.50% District 33

31.00%

District 6

11.30% District 21

15.20% District 34

62.40%

District 7

10.00% District 23

18.00% District 35

11.40%

District 8

15.50% District 24

23.70%

District 11

18.70% District 25

36.20%

District 1

33.00% District 18

16.30% District 47

23.60%

District 2

58.40% District 19

11.70% District 48

19.80%

State House

District 4

54.90% District 23

12.70% District 50

37.30%

District 5

51.00% District 24

16.60% District 52

10.70%

District 6

10.40% District 26

13.40% District 54

11.50%

District 7

26.60% District 30

37.60% District 56

20.00%

District 8

21.90% District 31

16.00% District 58

10.50%

District 9

11.00% District 32

38.80% District 59

11.50%

District 11

11.60% District 34

25.30% District 61

13.50%

District 12

17.40% District 35

31.60% District 62

53.70%

District 15

10.50% District 36

13.60% District 63

19.60%

District 16

12.10% District 42

28.70% District 64

34.60%

District 17

20.90% District 46

39.70% District 65

19.80%

Connecticut

179

Connecticut Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Connecticut has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 12 times faster than the general population and accounting for 82% of the state’s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Hartford, Bridgeport, New Haven and Waterbury. Counties with the largest Latino population are Fairfield, Hartford and New Haven.

CT 10.6

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor. The two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate are split – one Democrat and one Independent, and Democrats control four (4) of five (5) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control both the Senate and House by margins of more than 2-to-1. The state was somewhat active in passing immigrationrelated legislation in 2007. There are 29 Latino elected officials in the state, including six (6) state legislators. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

107

Latino civic participation in Connecticut has not kept up with the state’s rate of Latino population growth. There are 90,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 1st, 4th and 5th congressional districts with populations ranging from 68,000-87,000 in each district. The Latino community is concentrated in 12 state senate and 39 state representative districts. There are 25 African American and Latino state legislators. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with 75% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Neither the Governor nor the state’s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, which

180

Connecticut

should impact the dynamics of the presidential election. The state’s Independent U.S. Senator, who was the Democrat Party’s Vice Presidential nominee in 2000, has endorsed one of the Republican candidates. If that candidate wins the nomination, Connecticut could be in play in 2008. Current Political Issues Connecticut was among 13 states to pass a law pertaining to human trafficking. SB398 defines “trafficking” as abduction, transport, harboring, transfer, sale or receipt of persons through force, coercion, or false pretenses. The state was also among 31 to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, and other licenses. SB 1437 mandates that a certification of birth registration or a certificate of foreign birth be issued to any person born outside the U.S. and adopted by a resident of the state. The Governor vetoed HB 5656 which would have required the state to pay for the college tuition and fees of undocumented immigrants in the care and custody of the state. The state has never established an official language. Social Demographics • 27.0% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 32.5% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 28.0, compared to 42.3 for whites and 31.5 for blacks. • 11.3% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.0% for whites and 11.0% for blacks. • 77.3% of Latino Spanish-speakers 5 years and older speak English ‘well or very well’, and 22.7% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $36,217 compared to $70,069 for whites and $41,648 for blacks. • 82.1% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 17.9% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 76.2% that are white and 13.7% that are black. • 35.7% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 64.3% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 9,409 Latino-owned businesses in Connecticut in 2002 with 1.3 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 43% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 10% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 1,281 Latino businesses with 8,762 paid employees and an annual payroll of 224 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Connecticut was 6.6 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 9 billion dollars by 2009.

Connecticut

,!4)./ /2)'). 0/05,!4)/. "9 !.#%3429 ).

181

,!4)./ !.$ 34!4% 0/05,!4)/. ).#2%!3% t 83.91 %

250000 6.62% 0

100

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 200000

34!4% 0/05,!4)/. "9 2!#% !.$ ,!4)./ /2)'). 5.1% 11.2% 150000 74.5%

9.2%

100000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

34!4% !.$ ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. 0%2#%.4 #(!.'% t

50000

General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

2,610,863 321,569 391,935 180,442

37,155 221,658

9.48% 56.6%

7,159 23,291 55,099 47,573

1.83% 5.94% 14.06% 12.14%

Latino Population

1990

3,287,116

213,116

2006

3,504,809

391,935

6.62%

83.91%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

82.14%

182

Connecticut

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Hartford

121,578

49,260

40.50%

2. Bridgeport

139,529

44,478

31.90%

3. New Haven

123,626

26,443

21.40%

4. Waterbury

107,271

23,354

21.80%

5. Stamford

117,083

19,635

16.80%

6. New Britain

71,538

19,138

26.80%

7. Norwalk

82,951

12,966

15.60%

8. Meriden

58,244

12,296

21.10%

9. Danbury

74,848

11,791

15.80%

49,575

7,552

15.20%

10. East Hartford

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Fairfield County

130,864

14.50%

70,818

84.80%

Hartford County

113,954

13.00%

71,575

59.20%

New Haven County

104,392

12.40%

51,003

104.70%

New London County

County

16,113

6.10%

8,455

90.60%

Windham County

9,077

7.80%

4,261

113.00%

Litchfield County

6,410

3.40%

1,907

236.10%

Middlesex County

6,040

3.70%

2,881

109.60%

Tolland County

5,085

3.40%

2,216

129.50%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

170,000

130,000

64,000

56,000

66,000

Nov. 2006

258,000

192,000

90,000

50,000

102,000

Connecticut

183

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 31, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 21, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 7

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

2.6%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

John Larson (D)

696,667

12.70%

13.40%

31.80%

District 2

Joe Courtney (D)

706,619

5.50%

3.80%

13.60%

District 3

Rosa DeLauro (D)

709,165

10.00%

12.60%

27.90%

District 4

Chris Shays (R)

694,419

15.00%

10.90%

31.60%

District 5

Chris Murphy (D)

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

697,939

12.90%

5.30%

22.80%

3,504,809

11.20%

9.20%

25.50%

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 1

45.40% District 11

16.90% District 23

37.00%

District 2

11.90% District 13

13.70% District 24

12.80%

District 6

21.00% District 15

20.20% District 25

13.70%

District 10

17.10% District 22

12.70% District 27

18.50%

184

Connecticut

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER (continued) State House District 3

64.70% District 72

28.00% District 116

14.50%

District 4

57.60% District 73

13.80% District 121

10.60%

District 5

31.20% District 74

12.00% District 124

30.30%

District 6

45.00% District 75

45.60% District 126

23.50%

District 7

17.50% District 82

12.20% District 127

16.60%

District 10

14.90% District 84

37.50% District 128

52.30%

District 11

17.50% District 92

11.50% District 129

24.50%

District 20

10.70% District 93

19.10% District 130

44.20%

District 24

20.90% District 95

49.50% District 137

16.00%

District 25

40.30% District 96

15.00% District 140

29.80%

District 26

14.70% District 97

19.60% District 145

33.80%

District 39

22.30% District 109

13.70% District 146

17.00%

District 49

26.80% District 110

26.50% District 148

22.10%

Delaware

185

Delaware Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Delaware has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 10 times faster than the general population and accounting for 20% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Wilmington, Georgetown and Dover. Counties with the largest Latino population are New Castle, Sussex and Kent.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

DE 5 .9

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor and both seats in the U.S. Senate. Republicans control the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s only seat in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control the Senate with a 5-vote margin and Republicans control the House with a 3-vote margin. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are two (2) Latino elected officials in the state, including one (1) state representative. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

State Senate

State House

1 1

Latino civic participation in Delaware has not kept up with the growth in population due to the sizeable non-citizen population. There are 8,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is less than half of the citizen voting age population. The Latino community is concentrated in one (1) state senate and three (3) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the U.S. Senate, including Delaware. The incumbent Senator is expected to be reelected as is the incumbent Governor. Their reelection campaigns could have a positive affect on the dynamics of the presidential election.

186

Delaware

Current Political Issues Delaware was among 13 states to pass legislation pertaining to human trafficking. HB 116 enables the state to apply the federal human trafficking statute on a local level. The law states that knowingly destroying, concealing, removing, confiscating or possessing any passport or other immigration document of another person is a felony. The law defines human trafficking to include menial labor and provides restitution and protection for victims of human trafficking. Delaware was also among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. HB 147 limits the expiration date on a driver’s license or identification card issued to a temporary foreign national to the period of time that the individual is authorized to be in the U.S. Delaware was also among 18 states to adopt a resolution, which directs the Office of Economic Development to study the costs and impact of undocumented immigrants on Delaware. Social Demographics • 41.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 37.2% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.5, compared to 41.7 for whites and 31.5 for blacks. • 60.3% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 39.7% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $39,199 compared to $56,739 for whites and $41,640 for blacks. • 67.8% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 9.5% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 67.1% that are white and 29.8% that are black. • 44.9% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 55.1% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 880 Latino-owned businesses in Delaware in 2002 with 138 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 2% decrease in Latino-owned firms and a 73% decrease in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 142 Latino businesses with 960 paid employees and an annual payroll of 103 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Delaware was 803 million dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 1.2 billion dollars by 2009.

Delaware

187

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2004

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2004

240.3%

25000 28.12% 0

100

150

200

250

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 20000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2004 4.6% 6.3% 15000 68.8%

20.4%

10000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

39,007

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

5000

Mexican Puerto Rican

586,778 173,855 53,836

24,631 14,715

45.75% 27.3%

890 3,889

1.65% 7.22%

5,157 4,554

9.58% 8.46%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

666,168

15,820

2006

853,476

53,836

Percent Increase 1990-2006

28.12%

240.3%

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

20.30%

188

Delaware

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

1. Wilmington

72,664

7,148

9.80%

2. Georgetown

4,643

1,473

31.70%

3. Dover 4. Wilmington Manor

Percent Latino

32,135

1,327

4.10%

8,262

1,071

13.00%

5. Bear

17,593

968

5.50%

6. Brookside

14,806

827

5.60%

7. Newark

28,547

721

2.50%

8. Elsmere

5,800

701

12.10%

6,732

594

8.80%

19,751

511

2.60%

9. Milford 10. Pike Creek

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

New Castle County

37,186

7.10%

11,804

215.00%

Sussex County

10,988

6.10%

2,540

332.60%

5,661

3.80%

1,476

283.50%

County

Kent County

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

44,000

24,000

13,000

12,000

11,000

Nov. 2006

44,000

23,000

8,000

4,000

15,000

Delaware

189

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 12, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 14, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 3

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.1%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

At Large

Michael Castle (R)

Population

STATEWIDE TOTALS

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

853,476

6.30%

20.40%

31.20%

853,476

6.30%

20.40%

31.20%

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 3:

20.50%

District 5:

24.9%

State House District 14:

10.9%

District 16:

12.3%

District of columbia

191

District of Columbia Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics 43.4 (NM) Latino registered voters made up 3.4% of all 20.0 to 39.9 registered voters in the District of Columbia 10.0 to 19.9 in 2004. From 2000-2004, the number off 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 Latino registered voters increased by 43%, DC 8.9 U.S. percent 14.2 from 7,000 in 2000 to 10,000 in 2004. In 2005 there were two Latino elected officials, Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Mirian Saez and Victor Reinoso, both elected Community Survey, to the Board of Education. Reinoso was the Detailed Tables, B03001. first Latino elected to a major citywide office. His district covers a mix of affluent neighborhoods and Black middle-class areas. Saez was appointed by the mayor to fill a vacant seat in 2002. A native of Lorain, Ohio and of Puerto Rican decent, Saez first came to Washington D.C. in 1993 as a Presidential appointee at the U.S.Department of Housing and Urban Development. Demographic Profile In 2004 Latinos comprised 9% of the population in the nation’s capital and numbered 45,879. While the district’s total population decreased by 15% during 1990-2004, the Latino population increased by 40%. Social Demographics • 60.3% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 23.2% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 30.4, compared with 34.8 for whites and 36.7 for blacks. • 69.4% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 30.6% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $43,547 compared with $91,631 for whites and $34,484 for blacks. • 51.7% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 11.9% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared with 17.6% that are white and 83.0% that are black. • 29.1% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 70.9% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics As of 2002 Latino-owned companies numbered 2,162 with $542 million in sales and receipts, a 18% decrease in sales since 1997. There were 424 Latino companies with 3,930 paid employees in 2002, and a total annual payroll of $131 million. Latino purchasing power in D.C. was at $1.2 billion in 2004, and is projected to increase to $1.6 billion by 2009.

District of columbia

193

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

46.06%

25000 -4.18% -10

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 20000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 8.2% 5.4% 15000 54.9%

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

10000

Central American South American Other Latino

183,519 319,076 47,775 31,160

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

5000

Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban

31.6%

6,127 2,744 2,346

12.82% 5.7% 4.91%

24,752 5,048

51.81% 10.57%

6,758

14.15%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

606,900

32,710

2006

581,530

47,775

-4.18%

46.06%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

-59.38%

194

District of columbia

%34)-!4%$ ,!4)./ 6/4).' !'% 0/05,!4)/. 6!0 !.$ 2%')34%2%$ 6/4%23 ). Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

38,000

15,000

10,000

9,000

5,000

Nov. 2006

36,000

10,000

7,000

5,000

3,000

%,%#4)/. #!,%.$!2 Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 14, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 12, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 12, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 6, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

%,%#4/2!, #/,,%'% 6/4% 3

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.1%

,!4)./ %,%#4%$ /&&)#)!,3 ). U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

At Large

Eleanor Holmes Norton (D)

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanAmerican

Hispanic

Total % Minority

581,530

54.90%

8.20%

68.40%

581,530

54.90%

8.20%

68.40%

Florida

195

Florida Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Florida has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate three (3) times faster than the general population and accounting for 40% of the state’s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Miami, Hialeah and Tampa. Counties with the largest Latino population are Miami-Dade, Broward, Hillsborough, Orange and Palm Beach.

FL 19.1

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, one (1) of two (2) U.S. Senate seats, and 16 of 25 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans control the Senate with a 12vote margin and control the House with a 37-vote margin. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 133 Latino elected officials in the state, including four (4) members of Congress. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in Florida is well ahead of the state’s rate of Latino population growth. There are 1.1 million Latinos registered to vote, which is over three-fourths of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 11th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 21st and 25th congressional districts with a population ranging from 128,000-445,000. The Latino community is most heavily concentrated in 21 state senate and 59 state representative districts. There are 42 African American and Latino state legislators. The 2004 Presidential Election George Bush carried the state with the help of 56% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Neither the Governor nor the state’s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, which should impact the dynamics of the presidential election.

196

Florida

Current Political Issues Florida was among 13 states to pass a law pertaining to human trafficking. HB 7181 ensures state-funded support services for immigrant survivors of human trafficking and requires that a sworn statement from the victim be sufficient evidence. The state was among 31 states that passed a law pertaining to ID, driver’s license, or other licenses. SB 2114 requires all applicants for a driver’s license to be U.S. citizens and provide documentation that proves that they are of a “nonimmigrant classification.” Florida was also among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. SB 2 cuts the Refugee Assistance Fund and the state Medical Care Trust Fund by limiting payment of claims for non-citizens/legal residents. Social Demographics • 52.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 26.3% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 33.2, compared to 45.1 for whites and 29.7 for blacks. • 5.4% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared with 4.6% for whites and 9.1% for blacks. • 69.1% of Latino Spanish-speakers 5 years and older speak English ‘well or very well’, and 30.9% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $40,510 compared to $49,585 for whites and $32,554 for blacks. • 69.0% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 26.3% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 58.2% that are white and 24.8% that are black. • 57.9% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 42.1% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 226,828 Latino-owned businesses in Florida in 2002 with 41 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 38% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 16% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 39,968 Latino businesses with 223,519 paid employees and an annual payroll of 5.9 billion dollars. Latino purchasing power in Florida was 63.7 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 90.8 billion dollars by 2009.

Florida

197

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

131.43%

1200000 39.82% 0

120

150

Percent Change Latino 1000000

Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 3.9%

800000

20.1%

600000

14.9%

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

400000

0 Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

11,040,168 2,700,306 3,642,989 706,426

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

200000

Mexican

61.0%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

12,937,926

1,574,143

2006

18,089,889

3,642,989

39.82%

131.43%

563,110

15.46%

682,432 1,054,371

18.7% 28.94%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

399,411 587,240 356,425

10.96% 16.12% 9.78%

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

40.16%

198

Florida

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Miami

362,470

238,351

65.80%

2. Hialeah

226,419

204,543

90.30%

3. Tampa

303,447

58,522

19.30%

59,549

51,948

87.20%

4. Fountainbleau 5. Tamiami

54,788

47,654

87.00%

6. Miami Beach

87,933

47,000

53.40%

7. Kendale Lakes

56,901

43,574

76.60%

137,427

38,700

28.20%

9. Kendall

75,226

37,549

49.90%

10. Orlando

185,951

32,510

17.50%

8. Pembroke Pines

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County Miami-Dade County Broward County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

1,471,709

61.30%

953,407

54.40%

408,335

22.80%

108,439

276.60%

Hillsborough County

255,370

22.10%

106,908

138.90%

Orange County

253,129

24.30%

64,946

289.80%

Palm Beach County

213,262

16.70%

66,613

220.20%

Osceola County

97,361

39.90%

12,866

656.70%

Lee County

91,705

16.10%

15,094

507.60%

Polk County

81,646

14.50%

16,600

391.80%

Collier County

79,352

25.20%

20,734

282.70%

Pinellas County

61,647

6.70%

20,069

207.20%

Seminole County

59,172

14.50%

18,606

218.00%

Volusia County

48,608

9.80%

14,840

227.50%

Duval County

47,786

5.70%

17,333

175.70%

Pasco County

41,009

9.10%

9,309

340.50%

Manatee County

38,866

12.40%

9,424

312.40%

St. Lucie County

35,559

14.10%

5,952

497.40%

Brevard County

34,439

6.40%

12,261

180.90%

Lake County

28,487

9.80%

4,305

561.70%

continued on next page

Florida

199

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006 359.00%

Marion County

26,896

8.50%

5,860

Sarasota County

24,607

6.70%

5,882

318.30%

Hendry County

18,815

46.50%

5,757

226.80%

Alachua County

15,160

6.70%

6,779

123.60%

Highlands County

14,963

15.30%

3,500

327.50%

Monroe County

13,539

18.10%

9,580

41.30%

Hernando County

13,369

8.10%

2,962

351.40%

Martin County

13,137

9.40%

4,728

177.90%

Indian River County

11,848

9.10%

2,704

338.20%

Hardee County

11,690

40.80%

4,562

156.20%

DeSoto County

11,649

33.00%

2,282

410.50%

Clay County

11,101

6.20%

2,764

301.60%

Leon County

10,120

4.10%

4,715

114.60%

9,627

5.30%

4,427

117.50% 155.30%

Okaloosa County Okeechobee County

8,918

22.10%

3,493

Escambia County

8,909

3.00%

5,013

77.70%

Charlotte County

7,254

4.70%

2,764

162.40%

St. Johns County

6,614

3.90%

1,902

247.70%

Flagler County

6,076

7.30%

1,260

382.20%

Putnam County

5,771

7.80%

1,688

241.90%

Sumter County

5,501

8.00%

762

621.90%

Bay County

5,475

3.30%

2,256

142.70%

Citrus County

5,084

3.70%

1,702

198.70%

Santa Rosa County

4,822

3.30%

1,223

294.30%

Gadsden County

3,829

8.20%

964

297.20%

Suwannee County

2,924

7.40%

417

601.20%

Columbia County

2,588

3.90%

619

318.10%

Levy County

2,019

5.20%

490

312.00%

Glades County

1,957

17.40%

605

223.50%

Walton County

1,664

3.20%

244

582.00%

Jackson County

1,607

3.30%

974

65.00%

Hamilton County

1,255

8.80%

295

325.40%

933

11.60%

226

312.80%

Lafayette County

200

Florida

%34)-!4%$ ,!4)./ 6/4).' !'% 0/05,!4)/. 6!0 !.$ 2%')34%2%$ 6/4%23 ). Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

2,422,000

1,444,000

924,000

824,000

520,000

Nov. 2006*

2,863,000

1,636,000

1,114,000

514,000

522,000

* Data provided by the Secretary of State's Office

%,%#4)/. #!,%.$!2 Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary December 31, 2007 Democratic Primary Election January 29, 2008 Republican Primary Election January 29, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 6, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

%,%#4/2!, #/,,%'% 6/4% Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials 27

Electoral Vote

,!4)./ %,%#4%$ /&&)#)!,3 ). U.S. Senators

10%

TOTAL

133

Source: USHLI Resource Department

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Jeff Miller (R)

641,007

3.70%

14.30%

District 2

Allen Boyd (D)

648,945

3.60%

21.40%

28.30%

District 3

Corrine Brown (D)

615,663

10.70%

51.30%

65.40%

District 4

Ander Crenshaw (R)

665,615

6.00%

14.30%

25.90%

District 5

Ginny Brown-Waite (R)

795,671

8.80%

5.10%

17.50%

District 6

Cliff Stearns (R)

717,375

6.60%

13.40%

24.70%

District 7

John Mica (R)

746,836

9.80%

8.80%

22.70%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 23.50%

continued on next page

Florida

201

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Population

Hispanic

AfricanAmerican

Total % Minority

District 8 District 9

Ric Keller (R)

724,820

22.30%

8.80%

36.80%

Gus Bilirakis (R)

716,257

11.00%

5.40%

21.00%

District 10

Bill Young (R)

630,633

6.10%

5.10%

16.40%

District 11

Kathy Castor (D)

645,231

25.30%

27.80%

57.10%

District 12

Adam Putnam (R)

722,870

18.70%

14.20%

36.20%

District 13

Vern Buchanan (R)

713,669

10.30%

4.80%

17.50%

District 14

Connie Mack IV (R)

769,458

15.40%

5.70%

23.50%

District 15

Dave Weldon (R)

733,821

16.10%

8.80%

29.20%

District 16

Tim Mahoney (D)

728,130

14.50%

8.10%

25.20%

District 17

Kendrick Meek (D)

657,770

25.70%

55.70%

85.40% 72.00%

District 18

Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R)

621,856

65.10%

4.70%

District 19

Robert Wexler (D)

709,119

18.50%

9.30%

31.90%

District 20

Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D)

687,558

25.80%

10.20%

40.60%

District 21

Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R)

673,259

73.80%

6.70%

83.80%

District 22

Ron Klein (D)

661,636

14.80%

5.80%

24.50%

District 23

Alcee Hastings (D)

668,936

17.20%

55.20%

76.30%

District 24

Tom Feeney (R)

727,351

13.50%

7.10%

25.50%

District 25

Mario Diaz-Balart (R)

759,025

66.60%

10.90%

80.00%

17,382,511

20.40%

15.30%

39.60%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER (continued) State Senate District 9

16.40% District 22

12.10% District 34

35.50%

District 10

12.60% District 27

16.00% District 35

36.00%

District 12

15.40% District 29

11.10% District 36

71.50%

District 15

10.70% District 30

10.80% District 37

11.70%

District 17

13.70% District 31

19.10% District 38

71.50%

District 18

18.70% District 32

15.10% District 39

32.70%

District 19

26.40% District 33

29.00% District 40

83.80%

202

Florida

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER (continued) State House District 33

10.30% District 66

18.50% District 102

83.10%

District 34

12.30% District 72

11.40% District 103

21.30%

District 35

19.80% District 73

11.80% District 104

23.20%

District 36

21.20% District 75

10.20% District 105

21.60%

District 37

11.50% District 77

23.00% District 106

39.50%

District 38

13.90% District 78

11.80% District 107

68.80%

District 39

11.10% District 79

20.70% District 108

21.60%

District 40

17.70% District 84

13.80% District 109

25.90%

District 41

15.80% District 85

15.50% District 110

78.70%

District 47

17.30% District 88

15.60% District 111

76.10%

District 49

42.10% District 89

29.60% District 112

66.60%

District 55

10.40% District 92

14.80% District 113

79.30%

District 56

12.80% District 94

11.40% District 114

65.40%

District 57

14.20% District 95

15.20% District 115

65.80%

District 58

40.80% District 96

14.10% District 116

75.50%

District 59

15.40% District 97

17.40% District 117

66.10%

District 60

10.70% District 98

18.90% District 118

38.60%

District 62

14.60% District 99

23.90% District 119

65.50% 36.40%

District 63

11.20% District 100

19.30% District 120

District 65

10.90% District 101

32.50%

Georgia

203

Georgia Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Georgia is among the fastest growing in the nation, increasing over 400% since 1990 and accounting for 22% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Atlanta, Dalton, and North Atlanta. Counties with the largest Latino population include Gwinnett, DeKalb, Fulton and Cobb.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

GA 6.7

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and seven (7) of 13 seats in U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans control the Senate by a 12-vote margin and control the House by a 32-vote margin. The state was among the most active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 59 African American and Latino state legislators. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

Governor U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

106

Latino civic participation has not kept up with the growth in population because non-citizens comprise over half of the voting age population. As a result, only 58,000 are registered to vote, which is less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 4th, 10th, 11th and 13th congressional districts with a population of approximately 35,000-60,000 in each district. The Latino community is also concentrated in six (6) state senate districts and 21 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state with the help of 56% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Georgia. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the Senate campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

204

Georgia

Current Political Issues Georgia adopted English as the official language in 1996 and is one of 27 states to have such a law. Georgia was among 20 states that passed laws pertaining to employment. SB 184 effectively would disallow as a business expense any compensation paid by a taxpayer to an unauthorized employee. Georgia was also among 31 states that passed laws pertaining to identification, driver’s licenses, or other licenses required. HB 321 changed certain eligibility requirements regarding conservation use of property assessments to include legal residents and naturalized citizens. SB 5 allowed the Governor to delay implementing the requirements of the Real ID Act until the Department of Homeland Security issued regulations that the Governor found adequate in protecting the interests of citizens. In years past the state legislature passed a law, though it was later declared unconstitutional by a federal district judge, which would have reduced from 17 to six (6) the number of acceptable forms of identification for voting purposes and would have required voters to show state-issued photo identification before being allowed to vote. Social Demographics • 57.4% of Latinos are foreign-born. 35.5% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. The median age for Latinos is 25.9, compared to 38.6 for whites and 30.7 for blacks. 57.6% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.8% for whites and 11.9% for blacks. 57.2% of Latino Spanish-speakers 5 years and older speak English ‘well or very well’, and 42.8% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. The median household income for Latinos is $37,692 compared to $54,700 for whites and $33,563 for blacks. 50.8% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. 10.3% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 59.1% that are white and 40.6% that are black. 41.4% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 58.6% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 18,375 Latino-owned businesses in Georgia in 2002 with 4.2 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 57% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 123% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. Georgia ranked 10th in total number of Latino-owned businesses and had the 4th fastest increase in sales in the nation between 1997 and 2002. In 2002 there were 2,651 Latino businesses with 20,706 paid employees and an annual payroll of 514 million dollars. Latino purchasing power reached 10.9 billion dollars per year in 2004, an increase of 710% from 1990 to 2004.

Georgia

205

,!4)./ !.$ 34!4% 0/05,!4)/. ).#2%!3% t

,!4)./ /2)'). 0/05,!4)/. "9 !.#%3429 ).

539.12%

500000 44.55% 0

100 200 300 400 500 600 Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

400000

34!4% 0/05,!4)/. "9 2!#% !.$ ,!4)./ /2)'). 4.2% 7.4% 300000 58.7%

29.6%

200000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

34!4% !.$ ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. 0%2#%.4 #(!.'% t

100000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

5,501,019 2,774,395 696,146 392,381

455,008 51,349

65.36% 7.4%

18,488 87,516

2.65% 12.57%

42,343 41,482

6.08% 5.96%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

6,478,216

108,922

2006

9,363,941

696,146

44.55%

539.12%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

20.35%

206

Georgia

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

1. Atlanta

416,474

18,720

4.50%

2. Dalton

27,912

11,219

40.20%

3. North Atlanta

38,579

10,574

27.40%

4. Marietta

58,748

9,947

16.90%

5. Sandy Springs

85,781

8,514

9.90%

6. Gainesville

25,578

8,484

33.20%

7. Roswell

Percent Latino

79,334

8,421

10.60%

8. Columbus

186,291

8,372

4.50%

9. Athens-Clarke

100,266

6,402

6.40%

40,999

5,659

13.80%

10. Smyrna

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County Gwinnett County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

129,381

17.10%

8,470

1427.50%

Cobb County

75,736

11.10%

9,403

705.40%

Fulton County

75,599

7.90%

13,373

465.30%

DeKalb County

69,676

9.60%

15,619

346.10%

Hall County

44,147

25.50%

4,558

868.60%

Clayton County

30,615

11.30%

3,746

717.30%

Whitfield County

27,205

29.30%

2,321

1072.10%

Cherokee County

16,353

8.40%

1,059

1444.20% 1793.20%

Forsyth County

12,022

8.00%

635

Clarke County

9,737

8.60%

1,491

553.10%

Rockdale County

7,410

9.20%

594

1147.50%

Muscogee County

7,111

3.80%

5,294

34.30%

Floyd County

6,941

7.30%

831

735.30%

Chatham County

6,800

2.80%

2,782

144.40%

Gordon County

6,741

13.10%

200

3270.50%

Colquitt County

6,620

14.80%

1,588

316.90%

continued on next page

Georgia

207

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Douglas County

6,231

5.20%

749

731.90%

Coweta County

6,059

5.30%

385

1473.80%

County

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Bartow County

5,442

6.00%

521

944.50%

Murray County

5,238

12.70%

136

3751.50%

Richmond County

4,833

2.50%

3,707

30.40%

Paulding County

4,700

3.90%

269

1647.20% 219.00%

Houston County

4,654

3.60%

1,459

Carroll County

4,573

4.30%

592

672.50%

Habersham County

4,409

10.70%

342

1189.20%

Tift County

4,378

10.50%

1,233

255.10%

Barrow County

4,355

6.80%

253

1621.30%

Polk County

4,277

10.40%

483

785.50%

Liberty County

4,052

6.50%

3,236

25.20%

Fayette County

4,032

3.80%

994

305.60%

Coffee County

3,622

9.00%

557

550.30%

Newton County

3,147

3.40%

390

706.90%

Glynn County

3,134

4.30%

585

435.70%

Columbia County

3,107

2.90%

962

223.00%

Toombs County

3,078

11.10%

824

273.50%

Lowndes County

2,865

2.90%

991

189.10%

Tattnall County

2,730

11.60%

547

399.10%

Bibb County

2,542

1.60%

916

177.50%

Grady County

2,382

9.50%

289

724.20%

Jackson County

2,356

4.20%

160

1372.50% 2184.30%

Gilmer County

2,330

8.30%

102

Walton County

2,155

2.70%

338

537.60%

Atkinson County

1,760

21.90%

154

1042.90%

Bulloch County

1,561

2.50%

360

333.60%

Spalding County

1,555

2.50%

316

392.10%

Troup County

1,476

2.30%

289

410.70%

continued on next page

208

Georgia

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Chattahoochee County

1,454

10.40%

1,793

-18.90%

Emanuel County

1,393

6.20%

1598.80% 866.70%

County

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Candler County

1,334

12.50%

138

Dougherty County

1,321

1.40%

816

61.90%

Ben Hill County

1,265

7.20%

1521.80%

Camden County

1,265

2.80%

622

103.40%

Wayne County

1,255

4.30%

177

609.00%

Lumpkin County

1,215

4.80%

213

470.40%

Peach County

1,213

4.90%

378

220.90%

Echols County

1,202

28.10%

2571.10%

Sumter County

1,188

3.70%

189

528.60%

Rabun County

1,179

7.20%

1659.70% 529.80%

Oconee County

1,121

3.60%

178

Appling County

1,107

6.20%

138

702.20%

Long County

1,087

9.50%

189

475.10%

Catoosa County

1,056

1.70%

205

415.10%

Evans County

1,056

9.20%

109

868.80%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

376,000

86,000

36,000

26,000

50,000

Nov. 2006

529,000

177,000

58,000

37,000

119,000

Georgia

209

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 15

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

5.6%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Jack Kingston (R)

681,860

4.40%

22.60%

District 2

Sanford Bishop (D)

646,921

4.00%

43.00%

49.10%

District 3

Lynn Westmoreland (R)

640,378

3.40%

40.80%

45.60%

District 4

Hank Johnson (D)

683,079

10.60%

53.70%

69.70%

District 5

John Lewis (D)

674,043

7.30%

53.20%

64.90%

District 6

Tom Price (R)

770,953

7.10%

10.50%

25.60% 30.20%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 30.00%

District 7

John Linder (R)

846,870

8.90%

13.80%

District 8

Jim Marshall (D)

787,033

3.80%

18.40%

25.40%

District 9

Nathan Deal (R)

735,337

3.20%

13.30%

19.70%

District 10

Charlie Norwood (R)

794,734

13.00%

5.30%

20.80%

District 11

Phil Gingrey (R)

679,933

10.80%

31.10%

44.80%

District 12

John Barrow (D)

663,100

3.50%

42.00%

48.80%

District 13

David Scott (D)

759,700

14.90%

50.30%

71.70%

9,363,941

7.30%

30.60%

42.00%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

210

Georgia

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 5

25.10% District 33

11.20% District 49

18.90%

District 6

13.00% District 40

17.20% District 54

14.20%

District 4

33.20% District 40

22.00% District 80

20.70%

District 25

10.30% District 47

10.70% District 81

44.40%

State House

District 26

39.20% District 52

11.40% District 82

11.40%

District 34

12.30% District 57

10.50% District 96

30.00%

District 37

11.20% District 60

11.70% District 99

31.40%

District 38

15.10% District 62

10.10% District 100

16.40%

District 39

10.30% District 75

10.90% District 114

10.60%

Hawaii

211

Hawaii Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino community is the largest minority in Hawaii and has continued its steady rate of growth from 1990 to 2006, growing faster than the general population and accounting for 10% of the state’s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Honolulu. Counties with the largest Latino population are Honolulu, Hawaii, Maui and Kauai.

HI 7.9

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the Governor’s office. Democrats control both seats in the U.S. Senate and both seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 5-to-1 advantage in the Senate and a 6-1 advantage in the House. The state has not been active in passing immigration-related legislation. There are only two (2) Latino elected officials in the state, including one (1) state legislator. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor U.S. Senate

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

1 2

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in Hawaii has not kept up with the growth in population in terms of voter registration. There are 26,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is slightly more than half of the citizen voting age population. One-third of Hawaii’s Latino community resides in the 1st congressional district and two-thirds reside in the 2nd, with a population of 30,000 and 60,000, respectively. The Latino community is concentrated in two (2) state senate and seven (7) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with the help of 54% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Neither the Governor nor the state’s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, which should impact the dynamics of the presidential election. The Latino vote could prove decisive if the presidential election is hotly contested.

212

Hawaii

Current Political Issues Hawaii was one of 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. HB 1379 excludes certain alien agricultural workers from unemployment insurance eligibility. HB 1750 requires all persons seeking employment with the state must be citizens, nationals, or permanent resident aliens of the U.S., or eligible under federal law for unrestricted employment in the U.S. The state was also one of 18 adopting resolutions, which pertained to opposing the creation of a national ID card and urging repeal of the Real ID Act (SCR 31), strongly opposing the fee increases proposed by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (SCR 173), requesting the state’s Department of Human Services to conduct a statewide needs assessment of non-citizen victims of human trafficking (SCR 220), and urging Congress to speed up the process of granting family reunification visas for immigrant relatives (HR 247). English and Hawaiian were established as the official languages in 1978. Social Demographics • 8.8% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 35.6% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.7, compared to 40.5 for whites and 29.0 for blacks. • 8.5% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 3.8% for whites. • 89.6% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older speak, English ‘well or very well’, and 10.4% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $55,909 compared to $61,500 for whites and $49,486 for blacks. • 96.7% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 13.9% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 20.3% that are white and 2.4% that are black. • 44.4% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 55.6% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 3,096 Latino-owned businesses in Hawaii in 2002 with 483 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 25% decrease in the total number of Latino businesses but a 98% increase in receipts from Latino-owned firms. In 2002 there were 482 Latino businesses with 3,655 paid employees and an annual payroll of 98 million dollars. Latino purchasing power was 1.6 billion dollars in 2004 and is projected to increase to 2 billion dollars by 2009.

Hawaii

,!4)./ /2)'). 0/05,!4)/. "9 !.#%3429 ).

213

,!4)./ !.$ 34!4% 0/05,!4)/. ).#2%!3% t 22.45%

40000 16.0% 0 35000

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

34!4% 0/05,!4)/. "9 2!#% !.$ ,!4)./ /2)').

30000

25000 65.6%

24.6%

20000 7.8%

2.1%

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino

15000

Other

315,822 26,815 99,664 843,197

10000

34!4% !.$ ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. 0%2#%.4 #(!.'% t General Population

Latino Population

1990

1,108,229

81,390

2006

1,285,498

99,664

16.0%

22.45%

5000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

24,385 37,862 771 1,747

24.47% 38.0% 0.77% 1.75%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

3,549 31,350

3.56% 31.46%

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

10.31%

214

Hawaii

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

371,657

16,229

4.40%

2. Hilo

40,759

3,579

8.80%

3. Kaneohe

34,970

2,523

7.20%

4. Schofield Barracks

14,428

2,337

16.20%

1. Honolulu

5. Pearl City

30,976

2,260

7.30%

6. Kailua

36,513

2,228

6.10%

7. Mililani Town

28,608

2,222

7.80%

8. Waipahu

33,108

2,016

6.10%

9. Wahiawa

16,151

1,777

11.00%

20,146

1,763

8.80%

10. Kahului

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Honolulu County

63,312

7.00%

56,884

11.30%

Hawaii County

18,448

10.80%

11,134

65.70%

Maui County

12,025

8.50%

7,781

54.50%

Kauai County

5,872

9.30%

5,580

5.20%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

55,000

48,000

23,000

19,000

25,000

Nov. 2006

53,000

49,000

26,000

22,000

23,000

Hawaii

215

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary Same day as caucus Democratic Caucus February 19, 2008 Republican Caucus January 25-February 7, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 6, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 4

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.5%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Neil Abercrombie (D)

623,230

5.30%

2.70%

80.90%

District 2

Mazie Hirono (D)

662,268

10.10%

1.50%

70.30%

1,285,498

7.70%

2.10%

75.60%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 22

11.00% District 21

14.00% District 2

10.60%

District 46

11.20% District 39

10.80% District 2

10.10%

District 45

15.70% District 44

12.00%

District 4

13.50% District 1

10.90%

State House

Idaho

217

Idaho Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Idaho continued to grow gradually from 1990 to 2006, growing nearly 5 times faster than the general population and accounting for 19% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Latinos are the largest minority group in the state. Much of the population is concentrated in Nampa, Boise and Caldwell. Counties with the largest Latino population are Canyon, Ada and Twin Falls.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 ID 8.9

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and both seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans control the Senate by a 4-to-1 margin and the House with more than a 2-to-1 margin. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation 2007. There are five (5) Latino elected officials in the state, including one (1) state legislator. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Republican

Governor

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in Idaho has not kept up with the growth in population because of the high number of non-citizens of voting age. There are 16,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is well less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 1st and 2nd congressional districts. The Latino population is concentrated in 10 state senate districts and 10 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Idaho. The incumbent, Larry Craig, has announced that he will not seek reelec-

218

Idaho

tion. This election is not expected to be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Idaho established English as the official language in 2007. Idaho was among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. SB 1157 requires the verification of lawful presence in the U.S. of natural persons in order to receive public benefits and provides for penalties. Idaho was also among 18 states to pass a resolution, HJM3, which affirms the state’s support of the U.S. campaign to secure our country and urges members of Idaho’s congressional delegation to support measures to repeal the federal Real ID Act. Social Demographics • 36.7% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 39.4% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 23.8, compared to 36.3 for whites and 25.9 for blacks. • 8.9% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.7% for whites. • 73.2% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 26.8% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $32,085 compared to $44,323 for whites and $32,074 for blacks. • 72.5% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 15.8% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 88.9% that are white and 5.1% that are black. • 57.1% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 42.9% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 2,780 Latino-owned businesses in Idaho in 2002 with 352 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 64% decrease in Latino-owned firms since 1997, but a 46% increase in sales. In addition there were 601 Latino businesses with 3,149 paid employees with a total annual payroll of 66 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Idaho was 1.5 billion in 2004, and is projected to increase to 2.3 billion dollars in 2009.

Idaho

219

,!4)./ !.$ 34!4% 0/05,!4)/. ).#2%!3% t

,!4)./ /2)'). 0/05,!4)/. "9 !.#%3429 ).

162.38%

125000 45.66% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 100000

34!4% 0/05,!4)/. "9 2!#% !.$ ,!4)./ /2)').

3.8%

75000

86.3%

9.5% 0.4%

50000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

General Population

0 Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

56,248

34!4% !.$ ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. 0%2#%.4 #(!.'% t

25000

Mexican

1,265,241 6,105 138,871

120,107 1,607

86.49% 1.2%

1,011 3,252

0.73% 2.34%

1,486 11,408

1.07% 8.21%

Latino Population

1990

1,006,749

52,927

2006

1,466,465

138,871

45.66%

162.38%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

18.70%

220

Idaho

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

185,787

8,410

4.50%

25,967

7,307

28.10%

1. Boise City 2. Caldwell

Percent Latino

3. Idaho Falls

50,730

3,641

7.20%

4. Twin Falls

34,469

3,066

8.90%

5. Pocatello

51,466

2,544

4.90%

9,316

2,488

26.70% 35.40%

6. Burley 7. Rupert 8. Blackfoot 9. Jerome 10. Tuscaloosa

5,645

1,998

10,419

1,372

13.20%

7,780

1,316

16.90%

77,906

1,092

1.40%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Canyon County

35,527

20.50%

11,838

200.10%

Ada County

21,568

6.00%

5,556

288.20%

Twin Falls County

8,261

11.50%

3,106

166.00%

Bonneville County

8,139

8.60%

3,010

170.40% 75.00%

County

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Bingham County

6,326

14.40%

3,614

Minidoka County

5,447

28.60%

3,735

45.80%

Jerome County

5,071

25.20%

1,018

398.10%

Cassia County

4,630

21.70%

2,623

76.50%

Bannock County

4,324

5.50%

2,740

57.80%

Kootenai County

4,136

3.10%

1,052

293.20%

Elmore County

3,674

13.10%

1,597

130.10%

Blaine County

3,619

16.80%

397

811.60%

Gooding County

3,096

21.50%

1,021

203.20%

Payette County

3,055

13.50%

1,200

154.60%

Owyhee County

2,566

23.10%

1,408

82.20%

Jefferson County

2,150

9.60%

1,155

86.10%

Power County

2,024

25.60%

937

116.00%

continued on next page

Idaho

221

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006 Percent Latino

County

Latino Population Percent Change 1990 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Washington County

1,689

16.60%

915

84.60%

Fremont County

1,582

12.80%

762

107.60%

Madison County

1,323

4.20%

753

75.70%

Gem County

1,227

7.40%

615

99.50%

Teton County

1,066

13.60%

237

349.80%

Latah County

1,053

3.00%

449

134.50%

Lincoln County

890

19.70%

195

356.40%

Clark County

360

39.10%

355.70%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

89,000

53,000

19,000

14,000

34,000

Nov. 2006

92,000

52,000

16,000

9,000

36,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary Same day as caucus Democratic Caucus February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election May 27, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 10, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

4 1.5%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

222

Idaho

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Bill Sali (R)

779,833

8.50%

0.40%

12.90%

District 2

Mike Simpson (R)

686,632

10.60%

0.50%

14.70%

1,466,465

9.50%

0.40%

13.80%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

34!4% ,%')3,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2

Total % Minority

Illinois

223

Illinois Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Illinois has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 9 times faster than the general population and accounting for 70% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Chicago, Cicero, Aurora, Waukegan and Elgin. Counties with the largest Latino population are Cook, Kane, Lake and DuPage.

IL 14.0

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and 10 of 19 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 15-vote majority in the Senate and a 16-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigrationrelated legislation in 2007. There are 90 Latino elected officials in the state, including 12 state legislators. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

1 3

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in Illinois runs about even with the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rate of Latino population growth. There are 594,000 Latinos registered to vote, which are slightly more than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in nine (9) congressional districts, the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 8th, 9th, 10th, and 14th, with a population ranging from 65,000487,000 in each. The Latino community is concentrated in nine (9) state senate and 19 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with the help of 76% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Illinois. Republican incumbents have retired in two (2) of the nine (9) districts listed

224

Illinois

above and three (3) additional districts are expected to be hotly contested. All races could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election Current Political Issues Illinois was among 17 states to pass a law pertaining to education. SB 1446 directs the Community College Board to set aside $15 million for a new ESL program, from which only persons lawfully present in the U.S. may benefit. The state was among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. HB 166 states that an employer who requests more or different documents than required by U.S. immigration law to verify a prospective employee’s eligibility status commits a civil rights violation. HB 928 specifies that an undocumented immigrant who contracts a disease as a result of employment in Illinois is entitled to the same workers’ compensation benefits and legal remedies as citizens. HB 1743 provides for the regulations of civil rights violations for an employer participating in the Basic Pilot Program and prohibits discrimination on the basis of citizenship. The state was one of 31 to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. SB 533 increases the penalties for the offense of driving with a revoked driver’s license and states that any defendant who is defined as an undocumented immigrant may be subject to deportation. Illinois also adopted a resolution urging Congress to repeal the Real ID Act. The state established English as the official language in 1969. Social Demographics • 43.7% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 34.8% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 26.5, compared to 40.3 for whites and 30.9 for blacks. • 7.8% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.5% for whites and 16.3% for blacks. • 69.0% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 31.0% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $43,877 compared to $57,031 for whites and $33,151 for blacks. • 68.7% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 22.9% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 64.5% that are white and 21.4% that are black. • 56.3% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 43.7% are renter-occupied Business Demographics There were 39,553 Latino-owned businesses in Illinois in 2002 with 7.5 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 28% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 56% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 6,587 Latino businesses with 61,050 paid employees and an annual payroll of 1.6 billion dollars. Latino purchasing power in Illinois was 31.3 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 46.2 billion dollars by 2009.

Illinois

225

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

108.8%

1500000 12.26% 0

100 120

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 1200000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 5.5% 14.7%

900000

65.1% 14.6%

600000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

300000

General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

8,357,564 1,879,591 1,888,439 706,376

1,486,386 169,955 19,515

78.71% 9.0% 1.03%

59,063 66,544 86,976

3.13% 3.52% 4.61%

Latino Population

1990

11,430,602

904,446

2006

12,831,970

1,888,439

12.26%

108.8%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

70.22%

226

Illinois

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

2,896,016

753,644

26.00%

2. Cicero

85,616

66,299

77.40%

3. Aurora

142,990

46,557

32.60%

4. Waukegan

87,901

39,396

44.80%

5. Elgin

94,487

32,430

34.30%

6. Berwyn

54,016

20,543

38.00%

7. Joliet

106,221

19,552

18.40%

8. Rockford

150,115

15,278

10.20%

9. Melrose Park

23,171

12,485

53.90%

10. Carpentersville

30,586

12,410

40.60%

1. Chicago

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Cook County

1,200,957

22.70%

694,194

73.00%

Kane County

137,344

27.80%

43,535

215.50%

Lake County

133,421

18.70%

38,570

245.90%

DuPage County

110,890

11.90%

34,567

220.80%

Will County

92,514

13.80%

19,973

363.20%

McHenry County

32,684

10.50%

6,066

438.80% 278.40%

Winnebago County

29,404

9.90%

7,771

Rock Island County

15,060

10.20%

8,084

86.30%

Kendall County

12,695

14.40%

1,805

603.30%

Boone County

9,633

18.30%

2,065

366.50%

DeKalb County

8,980

9.00%

2,329

285.60%

LaSalle County

7,611

6.70%

3,249

134.30%

Kankakee County

7,541

6.90%

1,946

287.50%

Champaign County

7,359

4.00%

3,485

111.20%

St. Clair County

6,957

2.70%

3,861

80.20%

Whiteside County

5,731

9.60%

4,462

28.40%

continued on next page

Illinois

227

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

McLean County

5,295

3.30%

1,671

216.90%

Madison County

5,139

1.90%

2,713

89.40%

Peoria County

4,960

2.70%

2,596

91.10%

Ogle County

4,479

8.20%

1,379

224.80%

County

Grundy County

3,445

7.50%

748

360.60%

Vermilion County

2,833

3.50%

1,405

101.60%

Sangamon County

2,420

1.30%

1,274

90.00%

Cass County

2,293

16.70%

3994.60% 115.10%

Bureau County

2,157

6.10%

1,003

Knox County

2,040

3.90%

1,416

44.10%

Jackson County

1,870

3.20%

1,082

72.80%

Henry County

1,854

3.70%

797

132.60%

Tazewell County

1,763

1.40%

825

113.70%

Iroquois County

1,531

5.00%

660

132.00%

Lee County

1,483

4.20%

727

104.00%

Macon County

1,334

1.20%

540

147.00%

Livingston County

1,124

2.90%

826

36.10%

Douglas County

1,064

5.40%

292

264.40%

Stephenson County

1,003

2.10%

283

254.40%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

1,031,000

608,000

343,000

294,000

265,000

Nov. 2006

1,086,000

594,000

316,000

186,000

278,000

228

Illinois

%,%#4)/. #!,%.$!2 Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 8, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 7, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

%,%#4/2!, #/,,%'% 6/4% 21

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

7.8%

,!4)./ %,%#4%$ /&&)#)!,3 ). U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Bobby Rush (D)

643,626

8.50%

64.20%

District 2

Jesse Jackson Jr. (D)

640,930

11.50%

68.00%

81.20%

District 3

Dan Lipinski (D)

649,720

29.40%

6.70%

40.60%

District 4

Luis Gutierrez (D)

603,695

73.10%

5.10%

82.10%

District 5

Rahm Emanual (D)

664,430

29.60%

2.90%

40.40%

District 6

Peter Roskam (R)

661,838

17.60%

3.40%

31.40%

District 7

Danny Davis (D)

626,631

8.00%

55.70%

70.60%

District 8

Melissa Bean (D)

738,061

15.50%

3.60%

27.30% 37.70%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 75.00%

District 9

Jan Schakowsky (D)

638,091

12.30%

9.40%

District 10

Mark Kirk (R)

651,007

14.90%

4.60%

28.00%

District 11

Jerry Weller (R)

745,974

10.60%

7.50%

20.20%

District 12

Jerry Costello (D)

651,359

2.40%

16.90%

21.70%

District 13

Judy Biggert (R)

781,037

9.10%

6.60%

25.90%

District 14

Dennis Hastert (R)

795,610

22.20%

4.60%

31.00%

District 15

Tim Johnson (R)

662,504

2.90%

6.20%

13.50%

continued on next page

Illinois

229

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 CONTINUED District

Congressional Representative

District 16

Donald Manzullo (R)

722,010

8.70%

5.40%

17.30%

District 17

Phil Hare (D)

631,658

4.50%

7.30%

14.40%

District 18

Ray LaHood (R)

655,833

2.10%

7.00%

11.90%

District 19

John Shimkus (R)

667,956

1.20%

3.30%

6.50%

12,831,970

15.00%

15.20%

35.60%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

34!4% ,%')3,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2

Total % Minority

Indiana

231

Indiana Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Indiana has continued its steady rate of growth since 1990, growing at a rate 15 times faster than the general population and accounting for 32% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Indianapolis, Hammond, and East Chicago. Counties with the largest Latino population are Lake, Marion and Elkhart.

IN 4.4

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor and one (1) of two (2) seats in the U. S. Senate, and four (4) of nine (9) seats in U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans control the Senate with a 16-vote margin and Democrats control the House with a 2-vote margin. The state was very active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 14 African American and Latino state legislators. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

1 4

State Senate

State House

1 4 1

Latino civic participation in Indiana has not kept up with the growth in population due to, in part, non-citizens comprising a substantial percentage of the voting age population. Less than half (59,000) of the citizen voting age population is registered to vote. Most Latinos reside in the 1st and 2nd districts, with a population ranging from approximately 30,00060,000 in each district. The Latino community is also concentrated in three (3) state senate districts and five (5) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in five (5) states are up for election or reelection as Governor, including Indiana. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the gubernatorial campaign is hotly contested. Congressional reelection campaigns in the districts that switched

232

Indiana

from Republican to Democrat could also be a factor. The dynamics of the presidential election could also possibly affect the intensity of the race. Current Political Issues Indiana was among the first three (3) states to establish English as the official language in 1984. Indiana was among 31 states to pass a law pertaining ID, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. HB 1942 provides that any male who is required to register with the Selective Service System may do so when he applies for issuance or renewal of a driver’s license at the Bureau of Motor Vehicles and requires a box that the applicant can check and provides for forwarding of information in electronic format. Applicants must be U.S. citizens or legal resident immigrants. SB 463 amends the contents of and application procedure for driver’s license, learner’s permit, or identification card to comply with federal law; provides for varying expiration dates based on the holder’s lawful status in the United States and regulates social security cards; and requires these applicants to be U.S. citizens or legal resident immigrants. Indiana was also among three (3) states to pass a law pertaining to legal services. SB 445 regulates notary publics, including prohibiting them from taking acknowledgement from a non-English speaker without having translated and read the instrument to them in their language. Indiana was also among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. SB 504 sets requirements for “qualified aliens” for Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and requires verification of legal residence. Social Demographics • 41.6% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 35.7% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.6, compared to 38.3 for whites and 30.1 for blacks. • 8.8% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.9% for whites and 15.4% for blacks. • 65.0% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 35.0% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $35,484 compared to $47,552 for whites and $29,309 for blacks. • 67.3% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 7.2% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 88.8% that are white and 12.9% that are black. • 52.3% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 47.7% are renter-occupied Business Demographics There were 5,487 Latino-owned businesses in Indiana in 2002 with 797 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 28% increase in the number of firms since 1997 and a 3% decrease in sales. In 2002 there were 893 Latino businesses with 5,835 paid employees and an annual payroll of 159 million dollars. In 2004 Latino purchasing power in Indiana totaled 4.7 billion and is projected to reach 7.9 billion in 2009.

Indiana

233

,!4)./ !.$ 34!4% 0/05,!4)/. ).#2%!3% t

,!4)./ /2)'). 0/05,!4)/. "9 !.#%3429 ).

203.07%

250000 13.88% 0

100 120

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 200000

34!4% 0/05,!4)/. "9 2!#% !.$ ,!4)./ /2)'). 2.7% 4.7% 150000 8.7%

83.8%

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino

100000

Other

34!4% !.$ ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. 0%2#%.4 #(!.'% t

50000

General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

5,291,080 549,805 299,398 173,237

228,457 23,907

76.3% 8.0%

1,899 19,547 7,331 20,626

0.6% 6.5% 2.4% 6.1%

Latino Population

1990

5,544,159

98,788

2006

6,313,520

299,398

13.88%

203.07%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

26.07%

234

Indiana

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

781,870

30,636

3.90%

83,048

17,473

21.00%

1. Indianapolis 2. Hammond 3. East Chicago

Percent Latino

32,414

16,728

51.60%

4. Fort Wayne

205,727

11,884

5.80%

5. South Bend

107,789

9,110

8.50%

6. Elkhart

51,874

7,678

14.80%

7. Goshen

29,383

5,679

19.30%

8. Lafayette

56,397

5,136

9.10%

102,746

5,065

4.90%

33,496

3,330

9.90%

9. Gary 10. Portage

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Lake County

68,937

13.90%

44,526

54.80%

Marion County

56,811

6.60%

8,450

572.30% 803.60%

County

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Elkhart County

26,493

13.40%

2,932

Allen County

19,472

5.60%

5,821

234.50%

St. Joseph County

15,724

5.90%

5,201

202.30%

Tippecanoe County

10,629

6.80%

2,078

411.50%

Porter County

10,010

6.30%

3,858

159.50%

6,682

2.70%

725

821.70% 296.10%

Hamilton County Kosciusko County

4,983

6.50%

1,258

Noble County

4,738

9.90%

625

658.10%

LaPorte County

4,393

4.00%

1,576

178.70%

Cass County

4,234

10.60%

560

656.10%

Clinton County

4,207

12.30%

453

828.70%

Marshall County

3,942

8.30%

830

374.90%

Madison County

2,870

2.20%

885

224.30%

Bartholomew County

2,764

3.70%

435

535.40%

continued on next page

Indiana

235

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Clark County

2,760

Monroe County

2,716

Johnson County

2,669

Hendricks County

2,589

2.00%

353

633.40%

Vanderburgh County

2,023

1.20%

883

129.10%

Dubois County

1,959

4.80%

244

702.90%

Grant County

1,904

2.70%

1,514

25.80%

Jackson County

1,894

4.50%

122

1452.50% 871.40%

County

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

2.70%

4081.80%

2.20%

1,367

98.70%

2.00%

627

325.70%

White County

1,700

7.00%

175

Howard County

1,692

2.00%

1,057

60.10%

Delaware County

1,477

1.30%

853

73.20%

Vigo County

1,351

1.30%

997

35.50%

LaGrange County

1,282

3.40%

362

254.10%

Wayne County

1,280

1.90%

374

242.20%

Jasper County

1,251

3.90%

317

294.60%

Adams County

1,155

3.40%

810

42.60%

Shelby County

1,155

2.60%

118

878.80%

Montgomery County

1,112

2.90%

159

599.40%

Floyd County

1,067

1.50%

254

320.10%

Daviess County

1,015

3.40%

1080.20%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

182,000

118,000

57,000

41,000

61,000

Nov. 2006

212,000

124,000

59,000

25,000

65,000

236

Indiana

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary April 7, 2008 Democratic Primary Election May 6, 2008 Republican Primary Election May 6, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 6, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 11

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

4.1%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Peter Visclosky (D)

702,226

11.50%

18.30%

District 2

Joe Donnelly (D)

678,653

6.70%

8.30%

17.70%

District 3

Mark Souder (R)

714,551

6.10%

5.70%

15.00%

District 4

Steve Buyer (R)

755,830

3.80%

2.70%

9.60%

District 5

Dan Burton (R)

777,631

2.60%

3.40%

9.60%

District 6

Mike Pence (R)

668,947

1.80%

4.20%

7.70%

District 7

Julia Carson (D)

641,305

7.50%

32.00%

43.10%

District 8

Brad Ellsworth (D)

672,590

1.10%

3.90%

6.80%

District 9

Baron Hill (D)

701,787

1.90%

2.30%

6.80%

6,313,520

4.80%

9.00%

16.50%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 32.30%

Indiana

237

34!4% ,%')3,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2 State Senate District 1

14.60%

22.30% District 12

11.10%

District 1

18.00% District 11

District 2

10.50% District 49

10.90%

17.90% District 12

25.90%

District 2 State House

Iowa

239

Iowa Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Iowa is among the fastest growing in the nation, growing at a rate 20 times faster than the general population from 1990 to 2006 and accounting for 39% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Latinos are the largest minority group in the state. Much of the population is concentrated in Des Moines, Sioux City and Davenport. Counties with the largest Latino population include Polk, Woodbury and Scott.

IA 3.7

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate, and three (3) of five (5) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control the Senate with a 10-vote margin and the House with a 6-vote margin. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are three (3) African American state legislators. The stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s two (2) Latino elected officials are both city council members. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Republican

Governor

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

Latino civic participation in Iowa has not kept up with the growth in population because almost two-thirds of the voting age population is non-citizen. As a result, only 17,000 are registered to vote, which is slightly more than 50% of the eligible voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 5th congressional district, with a population of approximately 20,000. The Latino community is also concentrated in two (2) state senate districts and four (4) state representative districts. Latinos and African Americans collaborate very closely in their civic participation. Ross Wilburn became the first African American elected mayor in Iowa City in 2006, a city that is 4.4% African American, 2.9% Latino, and 6.2% Asian.

240

Iowa

The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Iowa. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Iowa established English as the official language of the state in 2002. Iowa was among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. SB 562 states that businesses that receive state economic development grants must certify that all new employees are authorized to work in the United States. Social Demographics • 37.9% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 39.6% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 22.8, compared to 39.6 for whites and 27.2 for blacks. • 10.8% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.4% for whites and 14.0% for blacks. • 68.5% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 31.5% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $35,789 compared to $45,396 for whites and $27,017 for blacks. • 70.7% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 7.1% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 98.3% that are white and 4.1% that are black. • 51.0% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 49.0% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 1,535 Latino-owned businesses in Iowa in 2002 with 289 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 14% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 24% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 363 Latino businesses with 2,956 paid employees and an annual payroll of 55 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Iowa was 1.6 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 2.7 billion dollars by 2009.

Iowa

241

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

246.09%

100000 7.39% 0

100

150

200

250

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 80000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 3.0% 3.8% 2.2%

60000

91.0%

40000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

2,714,414 66,052 112,987 88,632

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

20000

General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican

89,751 2,836

79.43% 2.5%

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

1,197 10,056

1.06% 8.9%

2,892 6,255

2.56% 5.54%

Latino Population

1990

2,776,755

32,647

2006

2,982,085

112,987

7.39%

246.09%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

39.13%

242

Iowa

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

198,682

13,138

6.60%

85,013

9,257

10.90%

1. Des Moines 2. Sioux City

Percent Latino

3. Davenport

98,359

5,268

5.40%

4. Marshalltown

26,009

3,265

12.60% 12.30%

5. Muscatine

22,697

2,791

6. Council Bluffs

58,268

2,594

4.50%

7. Storm Lake

10,076

2,121

21.10%

120,758

2,065

1.70%

7,633

1,873

24.50%

62,220

1,833

2.90%

8. Cedar Rapids 9. Perry 10. Iowa City

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Polk County

25,358

6.20%

6,161

311.60%

Woodbury County

11,282

11.00%

2,712

316.00%

Scott County

7,507

4.60%

4,253

76.50%

Muscatine County

5,747

13.40%

2,900

98.20%

Marshall County

5,228

13.20%

292

1690.40%

Buena Vista County

3,863

19.20%

160

2314.40%

Linn County

3,765

1.90%

1,591

136.60%

Pottawattamie County

3,760

4.20%

1,516

148.00%

Johnson County

3,685

3.10%

1,435

156.80%

Black Hawk County

3,267

2.60%

912

258.20%

Dallas County

3,218

5.90%

176

1728.40%

Crawford County

3,189

18.80%

3154.10%

Wapello County

2,652

7.40%

224

1083.90%

Louisa County

1,743

14.70%

425

310.10%

Sioux County

1,660

5.10%

2415.20%

Story County

1,569

2.00%

840

86.80%

continued on next page

Iowa

243

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Dubuque County

1,516

1.60%

437

246.90%

Cerro Gordo County

1,306

2.90%

994

31.40%

Franklin County

1,148

10.70%

152

655.30%

Webster County

1,107

2.80%

490

125.90%

Allamakee County

1,104

7.50%

2528.60%

Wright County

1,025

7.60%

1014.10%

County

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

69,000

24,000

13,000

12,000

11,000

Nov. 2006

71,000

35,000

17,000

4,000

18,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary Same day as caucus Democratic Caucus January 3, 2008 Republican Caucus January 3, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 24, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

7 2.6%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

244

Iowa

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

Population

Hispanic

AfricanAmerican

Total % Minority

District 1 District 2

Bruce Braley (D)

588,403

2.40%

3.90%

8.90%

David Lobesack (D)

600,154

3.60%

2.60%

District 3

9.30%

Leonard Boswell (D)

623,821

4.60%

3.20%

11.80%

District 4

Tom Latham (R)

591,185

3.30%

0.70%

6.50%

District 5

Steve King (R)

578,522

5.10%

0.60%

8.20%

2,982,085

3.80%

2.20%

8.90%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

34!4% ,%')3,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2 State Senate District 1:

13.4%

District 33:

10.3% State House

District 66: District 43:

14.0%

Kansas

245

Kansas Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Kansas is among the fastest growing in the nation, growing at a rate 10 times faster than the general population since 1990 and accounting for approximately 49% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Wichita and Kansas City. Counties with the largest Latino population include Sedgwick and Wyandotte.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

KS 6.1

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor. Republicans control both U.S. Senate seats and two (2) of four (4) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans control the Senate with a 20-vote margin and the House with a 31-vote margin. The state was very active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are nine (9) Latino elected officials, including four (4) state legislators. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

2 4

Latino civic participation has not kept up with the growth in population because of the high number of non-citizens of voting age. As a result, only 32,000 are registered to vote and less than 50% of the eligible voting age population is registered to vote. Most Latinos reside in the 1st, 3rd, and 4th congressional districts. The three (3) districts are represented by two (2) Republicans and one (1) Democrat. The Latino population in the three (3) districts ranges from approximately 40,000-70,000. The Latino community is also concentrated in seven (7) state senate districts and 22 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including one (1) seat in Kansas. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive

246

Kansas

if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. A re-match in the congressional district won by Nancy Boyda could also be impacted. Current Political Issues Kansas became the latest state to establish English as the official language of the state. HB 2140 requires that all documents and instructions be prepared in English and states that no office has to produce documents and instruction in any language other than English, but may at its discretion. Kansas was among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. SB 235 excludes certain alien agricultural workers from the definition of employee in the Employment Security Law. Kansas was also among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, other licenses. SB 9, relating to driver’s license and identification card fraud, authorizes law enforcement officers and subpoenas in fraud cases; requires submission of a photo identity document unless the document contains the applicant’s full legal name, date of birth, address and social security number; requires a social security number to remain confidential; requires proof of lawful U.S. presence and residence in the state; requires a mandatory facial image capture; and incorporates machine-readable technology. Kansas was also among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. The Uniform Child Abduction Prevention Act, SB 18, sets guidelines for judges to determine when a child is at risk for abduction, including whether the petitioner or respondent is undergoing a change in immigration or citizenship status that would adversely affect the respondent’s ability to remain in the U.S. legally. HB 2599 describes which benefits immigrants may receive and are excluded from and requires verification. Social Demographics • 39.0% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 37.4% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.8, compared to 39.0 for whites and 30.2 for blacks. • 6.6% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.5% for whites and 16.3% for blacks. • 66.9% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 33.1% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $34,220 compared to $47,436 for whites and $29,076 for blacks. • 69.7% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 14.9% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 85.2% that are white and 7.1% that are black. • 52.6% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 47.4% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 4,188 Latino-owned businesses in Kansas in 2002 with 674 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented an 18% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 67% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002, there were 877 Latino businesses with 7,585 paid employees and an annual payroll of 131 million dollars.

Kansas

247

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

152.32%

200000 11.56% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

150000

5.0% 8.6% 5.5%

81.0%

100000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

2,237,607 151,951 236,351 138,166

50000

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

193,309 6,241 785

81.79% 2.6% 0.33%

10,720 4,670 20,626

4.54% 1.98% 8.73%

Latino Population

1990

2,477,574

93,670

2006

2,764,075

236,351

11.56%

152.32%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

49.80%

248

Kansas

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

1. Wichita

344284

33112

9.60%

2. Kansas City

146866

24639

16.80% 43.90%

3. Garden City

Percent Latino

28451

12492

122377

10847

8.90%

5. Dodge City

25176

10793

42.90%

6. Liberal

19666

8513

43.30%

7. Emporia

26760

5752

21.50%

149080

5620

3.80%

92962

5060

5.40%

40787

3130

7.70%

4. Topeka

8. Overland Park 9. Olathe 10. Hutchinson

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Sedgwick County

36,397

8.00%

17,435

108.80%

Wyandotte County

25,257

16.00%

10,997

129.70%

Johnson County

17,957

4.00%

7,005

156.30%

Finney County

17,548

43.30%

8,353

110.10%

Shawnee County

12,330

7.30%

7,785

58.40%

Ford County

12,231

37.70%

4,083

199.60%

Seward County

9,486

42.10%

3,660

159.20%

Lyon County

6,010

16.70%

2,114

184.30%

Reno County

3,661

5.70%

2,478

47.70%

Douglas County

3,268

3.30%

2,138

52.90% 164.20%

Saline County

3,228

6.00%

1,222

Riley County

2,872

4.60%

2,799

2.60%

Grant County

2,742

34.70%

1,543

77.70%

Harvey County

2,620

8.00%

1,616

62.10%

Leavenworth County

2,620

3.80%

2,192

19.50%

Geary County

2,362

8.50%

1,853

27.50%

continued on next page

Kansas

249

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Butler County

1,336

Cowley County

1,304

Kearny County Stevens County

County

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

2.20%

742

80.10%

3.60%

1,097

18.90%

1,203

26.60%

671

79.30%

1,187

21.70%

552

115.00% 48.90%

Montgomery County

1,118

3.10%

751

Haskell County

1,015

23.60%

557

82.20%

Stanton County

570

23.70%

392

45.40%

Hamilton County

550

20.60%

139

295.70%

Meade County

505

10.90%

198

155.10%

Morton County

493

14.10%

352

40.10%

Wichita County

466

18.40%

326

42.90%

Greeley County

177

11.50%

107

65.40%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

132,000

55,000

30,000

28,000

25,000

Nov. 2006

120,000

77,000

32,000

20,000

45,000

250

Kansas

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary Same day as caucus Democratic Caucus February 5, 2008 Republican Caucus February 9, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 20, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 6

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

2.2%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Jerry Moran (R)

647,996

12.80%

1.50%

17.50%

District 2

Nancy Boyda (D)

691,312

4.30%

5.00%

14.00%

District 3

Dennis Moore (D)

737,283

9.00%

8.50%

23.10%

District 4

Todd Tiahrt (R)

687,484

8.40%

6.60%

21.20%

2,764,075

8.60%

5.40%

19.00%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 4

12.70% District 19

11.20% District 39

District 6

22.90% District 29

17.10%

District 17

10.00% District 38

33.90%

36.00%

Kansas

251

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER (continued) State House District 15

11.00% District 86

12.80% District 117

39.50%

District 31

23.70% District 88

15.80% District 119

38.30%

District 32

34.70% District 92

18.20% District 122

18.30%

District 37

32.50% District 95

10.50% District 123

37.90%

District 57

17.80% District 102

11.70% District 124

26.30%

District 58

12.60% District 103

38.00% District 125

42.50%

District 60

20.20% District 112

10.50%

District 72

11.10% District 115

21.70%

Kentucky

253

Kentucky Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Kentucky has continued to grow rapidly since 1990, growing at a rate 25 times faster than the general population and accounting for 11% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Lexington-Fayette and Louisville. Counties with the largest Latino population are Jefferson and Fayette.

KY 1.9

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor. Republicans control both seats in the U.S. Senate and two (2) of four (4) seats in U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans control the Senate with a 6-vote margin and Democrats control the House with a 24-vote margin. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are two (2) Latino elected officials, a county commissioner and a school board member. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

1 6

Latino civic participation in Kentucky has not kept up with the growth in population due to the large number of non-citizens of voting age. There are 15,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is more than half of the citizen voting age population. Most of the Latino population is scattered throughout five (5) congressional districts, with the largest number being in the 6th district. The percent of Latinos in all legislative districts remains in the single digits. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Kentucky. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

254

Kentucky

Current Political Issues Kentucky established English as the official language in 1984. Kentucky was among 13 states to pass a law pertaining to human trafficking. SB 43 established the Division of Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, and Human Trafficking within the Cabinet for Health and Family Services. Kentucky was also among 31 states to pass legislation pertaining to ID, driver’s license, other licenses. SB 144 relates to driver’s licenses and requires applicants to be U.S. citizens, permanent residents or of other lawful status. The law also requires agencies that are hiring tele-communicators to be U.S. citizens or legal resident aliens. Social Demographics • 47.4% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 32.5% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 26.7, compared to 38.5 for whites and 31.8 for blacks. • 7.4% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 6.5% for whites and 12.2% for blacks. • 57.0% of Latino Spanish-speakers 5 years and older speak English ‘well or very well’, and 43.0% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $36,098 compared to $40,528 for whites and $26,595 for blacks. • 61.3% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 2.8% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 94.9% that are white and 10.1% that are black. • 38.6% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 61.4% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 2,082 Latino-owned businesses in Kentucky in 2002 with 783 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 41% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 177% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 411 Latino businesses with 3,858 paid employees and an annual payroll of 90 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Kentucky was 1.3 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 2.2 billion dollars by 2009.

Kentucky

255

,!4)./ !.$ 34!4% 0/05,!4)/. ).#2%!3% t

,!4)./ /2)'). 0/05,!4)/. "9 !.#%3429 ).

277.62%

60000 14.13% 0

100 150 200 250 300

Percent Change Latino 50000

Percent Change General Population

34!4% 0/05,!4)/. "9 2!#% !.$ ,!4)./ /2)'). 40000

2.4% 2.0% 7.3% 88.3%

30000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino

20000

Other

34!4% !.$ ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. 0%2#%.4 #(!.'% t

10000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

3,715,900 308,255 83,015 98,904

55,761

67.17%

6,785 6,421 5,251 3,544

8.2% 7.73% 6.33% 4.27%

5,523

6.33%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

3,685,296

21,984

2006

4,206,074

83,015

14.13%

277.62%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

11.72%

256

Kentucky

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Lexington-Fayette

260,512

8,561

3.30%

2. Louisville

256,231

4,755

1.90%

3. Bowling Green

49,296

2,011

4.10%

4. Fort Campbell North

14,338

1,985

13.80%

5. Fort Knox

12,377

1,281

10.30%

6. Radcliff

21,961

1,243

5.70%

7. Shelbyville

10,085

959

9.50%

8. Florence

23,551

896

3.80%

9. Jeffersontown

26,633

677

2.50%

7,064

665

9.40%

10. Oak Grove

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Jefferson County

18,352

2.60%

4,365

320.40%

Fayette County

14,375

5.30%

2,556

462.40%

Warren County

3,510

3.50%

429

718.20%

Shelby County

3,235

8.10%

3494.40%

Hardin County

3,113

3.20%

2,506

24.20%

Boone County

3,028

2.80%

318

852.20%

Christian County

2,654

4.00%

2,339

13.50%

Kenton County

2,388

1.50%

704

239.20% 1806.50%

Graves County

1,773

4.70%

Daviess County

1,203

1.30%

312

285.60%

Woodford County

1,188

4.90%

1112.20%

Oldham County

1,039

1.90%

206

404.40%

Franklin County

1,001

2.10%

178

462.40%

Kentucky

257

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

44,000

20,000

18,000

16,000

2,000

Nov. 2006

46,000

23,000

15,000

11,000

8,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary April 21, 2008 Democratic Primary Election May 20, 2008 Republican Primary Election May 20, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 7, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 8

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

3.0%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Ed Whitfield (R)

673,899

1.80%

6.50%

District 2

Ron Lewis (R)

728,259

2.30%

5.80%

10.40%

District 3

John Yarmuth (D)

681,111

2.50%

20.00%

26.10%

District 4

Geoff Davis (R)

716,879

1.50%

2.80%

6.10%

District 5

Hal Rogers (R)

684,339

0.60%

1.20%

2.90%

District 6

Ben Chandler (D)

721,587

3.10%

7.90%

14.30%

4,206,074

2.00%

7.40%

11.70%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 10.50%

258

Kentucky

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0, State House = 0

Louisiana

259

Louisiana Political Demographics The Latino population in Louisiana has continued its steady rate of growth since 1990, growing at a rate nine (9) times faster than the general population and accounting for 16% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in New Orleans, Metairie and Kenner. Counties with largest Latino population are Jefferson and East Baton Rouge Parishes.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

LA 2.7

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

With the election of a new Governor, Republicans control the office of Governor, one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate, and five (5) of seven (7) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control the Senate with a 9-vote margin and the House with a 4-vote margin. The state was among the most active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007.

Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

1 4

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation has not kept up with the growth in population because non-citizens comprise a substantial percentage of the voting age population. There are 34,000 Latinos are registered to vote, which is more than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 1st and 2nd congressional districts, with a population of approximately 25,000-30,000 in each district. The Latino community is also concentrated in one (1) state senate district and two (2) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Louisiana. In addition, voters will be electing two (2) new members of Congress.

260

Louisiana

The Latino vote could prove decisive if the campaigns to fill these two open seats are hotly contested, which could be affected by the decline in the African American population since Katrina and the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Louisiana was among 17 states to pass legislation pertaining to education. SB 94 requires a student recipient of Louisiana’s Tuition Opportunity Program grants to be a permanent resident of the United States and eligible to apply for citizenship. Louisiana was also among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. SB 352 limits job-related tax credits to persons residing in the state who are U.S. citizens or legally present in the country. Louisiana was also among 11 states to pass health-related legislation. HB 246 relates to the certification of medical attendants in licensed nursing homes, establishing medical administration application requirements and a registry declaring that all medical attendants are U.S. citizens, U.S. nationals, or legal resident immigrants. Louisiana was also among 31 states that passed laws pertaining to identification, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. HB 766 requires driver’s license applicants presenting passports as proof of identity to present immigration documents showing that they are authorized to be in the U.S. for at least 180 days, or 60 days for agricultural workers. Louisiana was also among 19 states to pass a public health law. HB1 created an accountability program to determine eligibility of refugees to receive Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), state grants, food stamps, Social Security, and other public benefits. Social Demographics • 43.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 25.1% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 31.2, compared to 39.1 for whites and 29.5 for blacks. • 6.9% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, were unemployed compared to 4.8% for whites and 14.9% for blacks. • 68.6% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 31.4% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $38,776 compared to $46,871 for whites and $23,986 for blacks. • 72.2% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 3.1% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 62.2% that are white and 45.5% that are black. • 53.5% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 46.5% are renter-occupied Business Demographics There were 7,646 Latino-owned businesses in Louisiana in 2002 with 1.9 billion dollars in sales and receipts. In 2002 there were 1,281 Latino businesses with 16,337 paid employees and an annual payroll of 395 million dollars.

Louisiana

261

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

32.5%

60000 1.61% 0

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

50000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 2.9%

40000

2.9% 31.5% 62.7% 30000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

20000

2,689,206 1,351,044 123,281 124,237

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 10000 General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban

50,280 8,165 8,808

40.78% 6.6% 7.14%

Central American South American Other Latino

26,824 7,269

21.76% 5.9%

21,935

17.79%

Latino Population

1990

4,219,973

93,044

2006

4,287,768

123,281

1.61%

32.5%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

44.60%

262

Louisiana

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. New Orleans

484,674

14,826

3.10%

2. Metairie

146,136

10,595

7.30%

3. Kenner

70,517

9,602

13.60%

4. Baton Rouge

227,818

3,918

1.70%

5. Shreveport

200,145

3,106

1.60%

6. Bossier City

56,461

2,232

4.00%

7. Terrytown

25,430

2,206

8.70%

8. Lafayette

110,257

2,071

1.90%

32,069

1,543

4.80%

11,000

1,290

11.70%

9. Chalmette 10. Fort Polk South

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006 33.90%

Jefferson Parish

35,643

8.30%

26,611

East Baton Rouge Parish

10,478

2.40%

5,761

81.90%

Orleans Parish

9,140

4.10%

17,238

-47.00%

St. Tammany Parish

7,765

3.40%

3,170

145.00%

Caddo Parish

4,980

2.00%

2,595

91.90%

Lafayette Parish

4,502

2.20%

2,613

72.30%

Bossier Parish

4,335

4.00%

1,799

141.00%

Ascension Parish

3,459

3.60%

923

274.80%

Calcasieu Parish

3,107

1.70%

1,847

68.20%

Vernon Parish

3,032

6.50%

3,405

-11.00%

Terrebonne Parish

2,480

2.30%

1,376

80.20%

Rapides Parish

2,469

1.90%

1,526

61.80%

Ouachita Parish

2,268

1.50%

1,194

89.90%

Tangipahoa Parish

2,188

1.90%

951

130.10% 110.40%

St. John the Baptist Parish

2,007

4.10%

954

St. Charles Parish

1,982

3.80%

1,070

85.20%

Livingston Parish

1,804

1.60%

642

181.00%

continued on next page

Louisiana

263

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Lafourche Parish

1,802

1.90%

1,249

44.30%

St. Mary Parish

1,499

2.90%

1,128

32.90%

Iberia Parish

1,351

1.80%

1,320

2.30%

Vermilion Parish

1,185

2.10%

592

100.20%

Allen Parish

1,159

4.60%

671

72.70%

St. Bernard Parish

1,099

7.10%

4,183

-73.70%

299

1.50%

199

50.30%

Richland Parish

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

68,000

30,000

19,000

16,000

11,000

Nov. 2006

92,000

59,000

34,000

32,000

25,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 9, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 9, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 9, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 6, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

9 3.3%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

264

Louisiana

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

Population

District 1

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

652,970

5.20%

15.50%

District 2

Bill Jefferson (D)

392,934

5.50%

55.70%

65.80%

District 3

Charlie Melancon (D)

612,620

2.50%

27.60%

34.00%

District 4

Jim McCrery (R)

647,830

2.50%

34.70%

40.00%

District 5

Rodney Alexander (R)

637,011

1.60%

34.10%

37.90%

District 6

Richard Baker (R)

689,923

2.30%

35.40%

40.60%

District 7

Charles Boustany (R)

654,480

1.50%

26.80%

30.10%

4,287,768

3.00%

32.80%

38.90%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

34!4% ,%')3,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2 State Senate District 10:

10.2% State House District 92:

13.2%

23.50%

Maine

265

Maine Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Maine has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 15 times faster than the general population, accounting for 6% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Portland. The counties with largest Latino population are Cumberland and York.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

ME 0.9

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor and both seats in the U.S. House. Republicans control both seats in the U.S. Senate. In the state legislature, Democrats control the Senate with a very narrow 1-vote margin in the Senate and the House with a 31-vote margin. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There is no Latino elected official in the state. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in Maine runs about even the rate of growth in the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population. There are 2,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is two-thirds of the citizen voting age population. The Latino community is not particularly concentrated in any congressional, state senate or state representative district. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the U.S. Senate, including Maine. The reelection campaign could be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Maine was among 20 states to pass legislation pertaining to employment. LD 1015 says an

266

Maine

undocumented agricultural immigrant may not receive unemployment benefits unless he or she is from a country with which the U.S. has an agreement concerning unemployment compensation. Maine was also among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, and other licenses. LD 812 restricts the issuance of driver’s licenses and non-driver ID cards to residents of the state and relates to migrant workers and others who may be affected by changes in eligibility requirements. LD 1183 relates to the right of federal officers with jurisdiction over immigration, customs and border security matters to carry firearms. Maine also passed a law that requires a non-citizen hunter be accompanied by a licensed guide. English and French are the official languages in Maine. Social Demographics • 22.7% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 34.1% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.6, compared to 41.7 for whites and 19.1 for blacks. • 78.4% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 21.6% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $31,343 compared to $43,994 for whites and $35,941 for blacks. • 82.2% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 1.8% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 1.0% that are white and 2.4% that are black. • 41.4% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 58.6% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 730 Latino-owned businesses in Maine in 2002 with 81 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 34% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 29% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 107 Latino businesses with 603 paid employees and an annual payroll of 14.4 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Maine was 211 million dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 286 million dollars by 2009.

Maine

267

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

84.83%

4000 7.63% 0 3500

100

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

3000

2.8% 2500

1.0% 1.0% 95.3%

2000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino

1500

Other 1000

1,259,089 13,373 12,622 36,490

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 General Population

500

0 Mexican Puerto Rican

3,262 3,913

25.84% 31.0%

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

447 1,341

3.54% 10.62%

1,374 2,285

10.89% 18.10%

Latino Population

1990

1,227,928

6,829

2006

1,321,574

12,622

7.63%

84.83%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

6.19%

268

Maine

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Portland

64,249

974

1.50%

2. Lewiston

35,690

448

1.30%

3. Brunswick

21,172

344

1.60%

4. Bangor

31,473

329

1.00%

5. South Portland

23,324

263

1.10%

6. Sanford

20,806

199

1.00%

7. Waterville

15,605

171

1.10%

8. Auburn

23,203

169

0.70%

9,266

163

1.80%

18,560

160

0.90%

9. Bath 10. Augusta

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006 Percent Latino

County

Latino Population Percent Change 1990 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Cumberland County

3,891

1.40%

1,560

149.40%

York County

2,017

1.00%

993

103.10%

Androscoggin County

1,351

1.30%

780

73.20%

Penobscot County

1,264

0.90%

701

80.30%

Kennebec County

1,131

0.90%

516

119.20%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

9,000

7,000

2,000

Nov. 2006

3,000

2,000

1,000

Maine

269

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary Same day as caucus Democratic Caucus February 10, 2008 Republican Caucus February 2, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election Election Day General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 4

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.5%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Population

District 1

Tom Allen (D)

668,529

1.10%

4.50%

District 2

Mike Michaud (D)

653,045

0.90%

5.00%

1,321,574

1.00%

4.70%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

AfricanHispanic American

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate=0, State House=0

Total % Minority

Maryland

271

Maryland Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Maryland has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 10 times faster than the general population and accounting for 25% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Silver Spring, WheatonGlenmont and Baltimore. Counties with the largest Latino population are Montgomery and Prince William.

MD 5 .4

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate and six (6) of eight (8) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control the Senate with a 19vote margin and the House with a 66-vote margin. The state has been somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation. There are 10 Latino elected officials in the state, including one (1) state senator and three (3) state representatives. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

U.S. Senate

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

103

Vacant

2 1

Latino civic participation in Maryland has not kept up with the growth in population in terms of voter registration. There are 84,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is slightly more than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 4th and 8th congressional districts, with a population ranging from 45,000-85,000. The Latino community is concentrated in seven (7) state senate and seven (7) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Neither the Governor nor the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, which should impact the dynamics of the presidential election.

272

Maryland

Current Political Issues Maryland was among 13 states to pass legislation pertaining to human trafficking. HB 876 prohibits the destruction, concealment, removal or possession of any immigration identification document with the intent to harm the immigration status of another person. Maryland was among three (3) states to pass legislation pertaining to legal services. HB 51 appropriates funds for the development of an Immigrant Services Program Facility for immigrant legal services. Maryland was among 19 states to pass legislation pertaining to public benefits. HB 50 includes funds for immigrant programs, benefits, and supplements benefits in some areas, such as healthcare, when legal immigrants would be excluded from federal benefits. SB 6 defines what benefits and aid legal immigrants may receive and the requirements they must meet to attain those benefits. Social Demographics • 53.6% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 31.4% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 28.3, compared to 41 for whites and 33.8 for blacks. • 6.1% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 3.5% for whites and 9.0% for blacks. • 67.4% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 32.6% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $58,093 compared to $71,536 for whites and $51,726 for blacks. • 60.9% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 8.3% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 58.8% that are white and 37.3% that are black. • 55.7% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 44.3% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 15,364 Latino-owned businesses in Maryland in 2002 with 2.4 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 38% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 53% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 2,090 Latino businesses with 18,813 paid employees and an annual payroll of 601 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Maryland was 5.9 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 8.5 billion dollars by 2009.

Maryland

273

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

168.89%

150000 17.45% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 120000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 7.0% 6.0% 90000

28.7%

60000

58.3%

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

30000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

3,275,198 1,611,113 336,390 393,026

64,374 36,952 7,862 130,760

19.14% 10.9% 2.34% 38.87%

49,574 47,228

14.74% 14.04%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

4,781,468

125,102

2006

5,615,727

336,390

17.45%

168.89%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

25.33%

274

Maryland

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Silver Spring

76,540

17,004

22.20%

2. Wheaton-Glenmont

57,694

14,956

25.90%

651,154

11,061

1.70%

52,613

10,398

19.80%

3. Baltimore 4. Gaithersburg 5. Langley Park

16,214

10,294

63.50%

6. Chillum

34,252

8,108

23.70%

7. Aspen Hill

50,228

7,757

15.40%

8. Germantown

55,419

5,660

10.20%

9. Rockville

47,388

5,529

11.70%

38,051

4,458

11.70%

10. Montgomery

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County Montgomery County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006 130.50%

128,365

13.80%

55,684

Prince George's County

98,579

11.70%

29,983

228.80%

Baltimore County

21,004

2.70%

8,131

158.30%

Anne Arundel County

19,052

3.70%

6,815

179.60%

Baltimore city

15,000

2.40%

7,602

97.30%

Howard County

11,705

4.30%

3,699

216.40%

Frederick County

11,537

5.20%

1,713

573.50%

Harford County

5,902

2.40%

2,821

109.20%

Charles County

4,600

3.30%

1,705

169.80%

Washington County

2,976

2.10%

905

228.80%

Wicomico County

2,816

3.10%

610

361.60%

Carroll County

2,787

1.60%

903

208.60%

St. Mary's County

2,402

2.40%

1,230

95.30%

Cecil County

2,060

2.10%

635

224.40%

Calvert County

1,905

2.10%

502

279.50%

Caroline County

1,329

4.10%

231

475.30%

Maryland

275

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

282,000

100,000

58,000

53,000

42,000

Nov. 2006

317,000

146,000

84,000

72,000

62,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 22, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 12, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 12, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 14, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

10 3.7%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

276

Maryland

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 47

23.30% District 18

18.40% District 39

District 22

14.50% District 19

12.10%

District 20

18.70% District 17

10.70%

16.00% State House

District 47

22.80% District 18

18.30% District 39

District 22

14.70% District 19

12.20%

District 20

18.90% District 17

15.80%

11.20%

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Wayne Gilchrest (R)

699,018

2.00%

11.50%

District 2

Dutch Ruppersberger (D)

677,610

3.00%

31.20%

40.20%

District 3

John Sarbanes (D)

664,785

4.40%

18.20%

29.30%

District 4

Albert Wynn (D)

684,109

11.30%

55.40%

75.80%

District 5

Steve Hoyer (D)

719,639

5.60%

35.90%

48.00%

District 6

Roscoe Bartlett (R)

700,023

3.00%

5.50%

12.20%

District 7

Elijah Cummings (D)

624,405

2.20%

57.50%

66.30%

District 8

Chris Van Hollen Jr. (D)

691,729

16.50%

16.70%

47.80%

5,461,318

6.00%

29.00%

42.00%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 16.50%

Massachusetts

277

Massachusetts Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Massachusetts has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 12 times faster than the general population and accounting for 53% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Boston, Lawrence, Springfield, Worcester, Chelsea and Holyoke. Counties with the largest Latino population are Suffolk, Essex, Hampden, Middlesex and Worcester.

MA 7.7

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and all seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control the Senate with a 7-1 margin and the House with a 7-1 margin. The state was only somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 20 Latino elected officials in the state, including four (4) state legislators. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

141

9 1 4

Latino civic participation in Massachusetts has not kept up with the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rate of Latino population growth. There are 85,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 5th and 8th congressional districts, with a population ranging from 74,000-100,000 in each district. The Latino community is concentrated in nine (9) state senate and 34 state representative districts. There are 13 African American and Latino state legislators. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state in 2004, with the help of 80% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate,

278

Massachusetts

including Massachusetts. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Massachusetts was one of 11 states to pass what has been categorized as a “miscellaneous” law. HB 4141 creates the Citizenship for New Americans Program to help permanent residents acquire citizenship. The state established English as the official language in 1975. Social Demographics • 33.1% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 32.7% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 26.9, compared to 41 for whites and 30.3 for blacks. • 9.6% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.9% for whites and 12.3% for blacks. • 73.0% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 27.0% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $30,140 compared to $63,631 for whites and $38,496 for blacks. • 78.0% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 13.5% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 85.4% that are white and 8.8% that are black. • 27.9% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 72.1% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 15,940 Latino-owned businesses in Massachusetts in 2002 with 2.1 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 25% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 28% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 2,011 Latino businesses with 15,319 paid employees and an annual payroll of 453 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Massachusetts was 8.2 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 11.9 billion dollars by 2009.

Massachusetts

279

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

77.53%

250000 6.99% 0

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

200000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 7.1% 7.9%

150000

79.3%

5.7%

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino

100000

Other

5,104,271 366,585 510,482 455,855

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

50000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American

35,659 226,892

7.0% 44.4%

8,012 76,309

1.6% 14.9%

South American Other Latino

46,537 117,073

9.1% 22.9%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

6,016,425

287,549

2006

6,437,193

510,482

6.99%

77.53%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

52.98%

280

Massachusetts

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

589,141

85,089

14.40%

72,043

43,019

59.70%

3. Springfield

152,082

41,343

27.20%

4. Worcester

172,648

26,155

15.10%

1. Boston 2. Lawrence

5. Chelsea

35,080

16,984

48.40%

6. Holyoke

39,838

16,485

41.40% 18.40%

7. Lynn 8. Lowell 9. New Bedford 10. Brockton

89,050

16,383

105,167

14,734

14.00%

93,768

9,576

10.20%

94,304

7,552

8.00%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County Suffolk County Essex County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

121,315

17.60%

72,844

66.50%

98,975

13.40%

48,440

104.30%

Hampden County

80,684

17.50%

45,785

76.20%

Middlesex County

76,934

5.20%

47,383

62.40%

Worcester County

61,681

7.90%

32,940

87.30%

Bristol County

25,663

4.70%

13,578

89.00%

Norfolk County

16,714

2.60%

8,414

98.60%

Plymouth County

13,548

2.70%

9,571

41.60% 54.20%

Hampshire County

5,995

3.90%

3,887

Barnstable County

3,818

1.70%

2,287

66.90%

Berkshire County

3,109

2.40%

1,407

121.00%

Franklin County

1,795

2.50%

842

113.20%

Massachusetts

281

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

323,000

212,000

140,000

106,000

72,000

Nov. 2006

265,000

180,000

85,000

62,000

95,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary February 13, 2008 Democratic Primary Election March 4, 2008 Republican Primary Election March 4, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 15, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 10

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

3.7%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 1

John Olver (D)

644,739

6.90%

2.20%

13.20%

District 2

Richard Neal (D)

652,262

11.00%

5.80%

20.30%

District 3

Jim McGovern (D)

654,597

8.00%

2.80%

17.30%

District 4

Barney Frank (D)

662,005

4.30%

3.20%

14.90%

District 5

Marty Meehan (D)

644,889

13.60%

2.10%

23.70%

continued on next page

282

Massachusetts

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY (continued) District

Congressional Representative

District 6

John Tierney (D)

651,354

5.40%

2.40%

District 7

Ed Markey (D)

647,671

6.90%

5.00%

23.00%

District 8

Mike Capuano (D)

594,647

17.60%

20.80%

51.30%

District 9

Stephen Lynch (D)

640,993

5.10%

11.90%

24.70%

District 10

Bill Delahunt (D)

644,036

1.30%

2.10%

9.10%

6,437,193

8.00%

5.80%

21.00%

Population

STATEWIDE TOTALS

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 12.30%

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 32

10.60% District 22

17.10% District 7

11.00%

District 33

18.60% District 34

15.70% District 12

14.50%

District 10

21.80% District 37

8.10% District 30

5.20%

District 9

27.70% District 36

District 132

20.20% District 141

19.90% District 162

12.60%

District 39

74.60% District 160

23.40% District 161

11.40%

11.90% State House

District 137

23.80% District 51

19.40% District 75

14.10%

District 53

25.00% District 33

19.80% District 124

5.30%

District 52

52.30% District 135

12.80% District 106

2.40%

District 138

6.00% District 34

18.50% District 30

11.20%

District 131

19.20% District 123

8.60% District 40

14.30%

District 133

15.60% District 37

21.30% District 68

10.50%

District 47

41.40% District 84

13.10% District 142

11.50%

District 128

37.90% District 159

14.00% District 149

11.00%

District 127

38.70% District 76

15.50% District 26

11.30%

District 139

8.30% District 125

5.90% District 50

10.50%

District 140

14.20% District 148

15.00% District 38

10.30%

Michigan

283

Michigan Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Michigan has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 11 times faster than the general population and accounting for 24% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Detroit, Grand Rapids and Lansing. Counties with the largest Latino population are Wayne, Kent and Oakland.

MI 3.6

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor and both seats in the U.S. Senate. Republicans control nine (9) of 15 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 4-vote majority in the Senate and Democrats have a 6-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 14 Latino elected officials in the state, including three state legislators. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

U.S. Senate

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Vacant

Latino civic participation in Michigan runs about even with the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rate of Latino population growth. There are 138,000 Latinos registered to vote, which are more than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 2nd, 3rd, and 13th congressional districts, which have a population ranging from 30,000-45,000 in each. The Latino community is concentrated in two (2) state senate and eight (8) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with the help of 62% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Michigan. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

284

Michigan

Current Political Issues Michigan was among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. SB 229 directs state agencies to consider a variety of factors when awarding or canceling contracts for work or purchase with private business. The state shall consider the immigration and residency status of persons employed by a prospective contractor and whether the use of non-citizen workers would be detrimental to state residents or the state economy. The state was among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. HB 4344 prohibits funds directed toward multicultural services from going to undocumented immigrants, with the exception of emergency medical situations. Michigan also adopted a resolution calling for the repeal of the Real ID Act. The state has never established an official language. Social Demographics • 28.3% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 35.2% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 26.4, compared to 39.7 for whites and 31.8 for blacks. • 11.7% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 7.8% for whites and 19.5% for blacks. • 73.2% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 26.8% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $36,372 compared to $50,511 for whites and $31,276 for blacks. • 78.8% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 6.5% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 80.3% that are white and 19.2% that are black. • 59.0% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 41.0% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 9,848 Latino-owned businesses in Michigan in 2002 with 3.2 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 1% decrease in Latino-owned firms but a 63% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 1,679 Latino businesses with 16,044 paid employees and an annual payroll of 545 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Michigan was 6.8 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 9.7 billion dollars by 2009.

Michigan

285

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

94.83%

300000 8.61% 0

100

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

250000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 4.4%

200000

3.9% 14.0%

77.6%

150000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

100000

7,836,885 1,417,505 392,770 448,483

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 50000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

281,856 34,284 10,197

71.76% 8.7% 2.6%

14,517 11,045

3.7% 2.81%

40,871

10.41%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

9,295,297

201,596

2006

10,095,643

392,770

8.61%

94.83%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

23.89%

286

Michigan

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

1. Detroit

951,270

47,167

Percent Latino 5.00%

2. Grand Rapids

197,800

25,818

13.10%

3. Lansing

119,128

11,886

10.00%

4. Pontiac

66,337

8,463

12.80%

5. Holland

35,048

7,783

22.20%

6. Saginaw

61,799

7,259

11.70%

7. Wyoming

69,368

6,704

9.70%

8. Ann Arbor

114,024

3,814

3.30%

9. Flint

124,943

3,742

3.00%

10. Adrian

21,574

3,665

17.00%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Wayne County

93,405

4.70%

50,506

84.90%

Kent County

54,238

9.00%

14,684

269.40%

Oakland County

35,930

3.00%

19,630

83.00%

Ottawa County

19,968

7.70%

7,947

151.30% 110.10%

Macomb County

16,762

2.00%

7,978

Ingham County

16,710

6.00%

13,478

24.00%

Saginaw County

14,636

7.10%

13,186

11.00%

Washtenaw County

10,985

3.20%

5,731

91.70%

Genesee County

10,477

2.40%

8,877

18.00%

7,579

3.10%

3,950

91.90%

Lenawee County

7,458

7.30%

5,515

35.20%

Allegan County

7,280

6.40%

2,895

151.50%

Kalamazoo County

Muskegon County

7,264

4.10%

3,623

100.50%

Van Buren County

7,220

9.10%

2,254

220.30%

Berrien County

6,281

3.90%

2,683

134.10%

Calhoun County

4,926

3.60%

2,583

90.70%

continued on next page

Michigan

287

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Bay County

4,434

4.10%

3,494

26.90%

St. Clair County

4,361

2.50%

2,558

70.50%

Jackson County

4,255

2.60%

2,303

84.80%

Oceana County

4,112

14.40%

1,390

195.80%

Eaton County

4,032

3.80%

2,199

83.40%

St. Joseph County

3,865

6.20%

546

607.90%

Monroe County

3,830

2.50%

2,077

84.40%

Lapeer County

3,443

3.70%

1,493

130.60%

Livingston County

2,999

1.60%

974

207.90%

Newaygo County

2,382

4.80%

968

146.10%

Ionia County

1,965

3.00%

1,176

67.10%

Gratiot County

1,962

4.70%

1,467

33.70% 310.90%

Branch County

1,923

4.20%

468

Clinton County

1,854

2.70%

1,286

44.20%

Isabella County

1,697

2.60%

714

137.70%

Montcalm County

1,669

2.60%

888

88.00%

Grand Traverse County

1,555

1.80%

503

209.10%

Midland County

1,460

1.70%

1,035

41.10%

Cass County

1,446

2.80%

651

122.10%

Tuscola County

1,407

2.40%

1,150

22.30%

Shiawassee County

1,398

1.90%

1,053

32.80%

Sanilac County

1,302

2.90%

905

43.90%

Barry County

1,139

1.90%

521

118.60%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

201,000

144,000

73,000

71,000

Nov. 2006

287,000

209,000

138,000

99,000

71,000

288

Michigan

%,%#4)/. #!,%.$!2 Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary December 17, 2007 Democratic Primary Election January 15, 2008 Republican Primary Election January 15, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 15, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

%,%#4/2!, #/,,%'% 6/4% 17

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

6.3%

,!4)./ %,%#4%$ /&&)#)!,3 ). U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Bart Stupak (D)

662,178

1.00%

1.40%

6.90%

District 2

Pete Hoekstra (R)

697,012

6.10%

4.60%

13.60%

District 3

Vern Ehlers (R)

694,661

7.80%

8.20%

20.00%

District 4

Dave Camp (R)

691,366

3.00%

2.40%

8.60%

District 5

Dale Kildee (D)

654,879

3.40%

18.20%

24.20%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 6

Fred Upton (R)

674,389

4.60%

8.40%

16.70%

District 7

Tim Walberg (R)

684,820

3.50%

5.60%

12.30%

District 8

Mike J. Rogers (R)

696,087

3.70%

4.80%

13.00%

District 9

Joe Knollenberg (R)

672,935

3.70%

10.10%

22.10%

District 10

Candice Miller (R)

725,901

2.50%

2.00%

8.00%

District 11

Thad McCotter (R)

712,422

2.80%

6.40%

15.90%

District 12

Sander Levin (D)

633,379

1.60%

17.20%

24.30%

District 13

Carolyn Kilpatrick (D)

607,195

9.70%

59.60%

72.40%

District 14

John Conyers Jr. (D)

602,221

1.80%

61.60%

66.20%

District 15

John Dingell (D)

686,198

3.30%

12.60%

23.40%

10,095,643

3.90%

14.90%

23.20%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Michigan

289

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 4

10.50% District 29

10.20%

District 12

42.80% District 68

10.20% District 90

13.80%

District 29

10.90% District 76

21.90% District 95

11.10%

State House

Minnesota

291

Minnesota Political Demographics The Latino population in Minnesota has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 15 times faster than the general population and accounting for 18% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Minneapolis and St. Paul. Counties with the largest Latino population are Hennepin, Ramsey and Dakota.

43.4 ( M) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

MN 3. 5

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor and one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate. Democrats control five (5) of eight (8) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, the Democratic-Farmers-Labor (DFL) party has a near 2-1 majority in the Senate and a 36-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are five (5) Latino elected officials in the state, including one (1) state legislator.

Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

1 3

State Senate

44 DFL*

State House

85 DFL*

*Democratic Farmer Labor

Latino civic participation in Minnesota has not kept up with the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rate of Latino population growth. There are 22,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 4th and 5th congressional districts with a population ranging from 30,000-40,000 in each district. The Latino community is concentrated in two (2) state senate and three (3) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown.

292

Minnesota

The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the U.S. Senate, including Minnesota. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested. The reelection campaign could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Minnesota was among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. SF 167 states that personal data gathered from any person filing for unemployment insurance may be disseminated to the federal Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration. An undocumented immigrant is ineligible for unemployment benefits for any week the undocumented immigrant is not authorized to work in the U.S. under federal law. The state has never established an official language. Social Demographics • 44.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 37.5% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25, compared to 39.3 for whites and 25.9 for blacks. • 7.9% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.6% for whites and 16.2% for blacks. • 64.3% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 35.7% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $36,850 compared to $55,979 for whites and $30,120 for blacks. • 66.2% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 6.4% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 90.3% that are white and 7.3% that are black. • 47.5% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 52.5% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 3,988 Latino-owned businesses in Minnesota in 2002 with 463 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 10% increase in Latino-owned firms and an 18% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 643 Latino businesses with 4,596 paid employees and an annual payroll of 97.8 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Minnesota was 3.3 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 5.7 billion dollars by 2009.

Minnesota

293

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

262.14%

150000 18.1% 0

100 150 200 250 300

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 120000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 6.0% 3.8%

90000

4.4%

60000

85.9%

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

30000

General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

4,435,973 224,955 195.138 311,035

138,368 8,813

70.91% 4.5%

1,902 15,026

0.97% 7.70%

15,904 15,125

8.15% 7.75%

Latino Population

1990

4,375,099

53,884

2006

5,167,101

195,138

18.1%

262.14%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

17.84%

294

Minnesota

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Minneapolis

382,618

29,175

7.60%

2. St. Paul

287,151

22,715

7.90%

3. Willmar

18,351

2,911

15.90%

4. Rochester

85,806

2,565

3.00%

5. Bloomington

85,172

2,290

2.70%

6. Worthington

11,283

2,175

19.30%

7. Richfield

34,439

2,158

6.30%

8. Brooklyn Park

67,388

1,944

2.90%

9. West St. Paul

19,405

1,937

10.00%

20,818

1,852

8.90%

10. Faribault

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Hennepin County

66,221

5.90%

13,978

373.80%

Ramsey County

30,293

6.10%

13,890

118.10%

Dakota County

16,289

4.20%

4,025

304.70%

Anoka County

8,171

2.50%

2,269

260.10%

Washington County

6,014

2.70%

1,895

217.40%

Scott County

4,471

3.60%

407

998.50%

Rice County

4,361

7.00%

530

722.80%

Olmsted County

3,859

2.80%

970

297.80%

County

Kandiyohi County

3,572

8.70%

1,363

162.10%

Nobles County

3,064

15.00%

262

1069.50%

Carver County

2,936

3.40%

252

1065.10%

Mower County

2,784

7.20%

248

1022.60%

Stearns County

2,474

1.70%

512

383.20%

Wright County

2,216

1.90%

284

680.30%

Freeborn County

2,083

6.60%

1,076

93.60%

Watonwan County

2,057

18.40%

593

246.90%

Clay County

1,756

3.20%

1,179

48.90%

continued on next page

Minnesota

295

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Steele County

1,719

4.70%

544

216.00%

St. Louis County

1,680

0.90%

952

76.50%

McLeod County

1,651

4.40%

284

481.30%

Sherburne County

1,531

1.80%

259

491.10%

Polk County

1,365

4.40%

1,146

19.10%

Blue Earth County

1,182

2.00%

480

146.30%

County

Lyon County

1,168

4.70%

214

445.80%

Le Sueur County

1,161

4.20%

123

843.90%

Otter Tail County

1,077

1.90%

224

380.80%

Renville County

1,018

6.20%

216

371.30%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

108,000

73,000

53,000

49,000

20,000

Nov. 2006

153,000

48,000

22,000

20,000

26,000

296

Minnesota

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary Same day as caucus Democratic Caucus February 5, 2008 Republican Caucus February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election Election Day General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 10

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

3.7%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Tim Walz (D)

631,285

3.80%

1.40%

8.30%

District 2

John Kline (R)

709,697

3.00%

2.70%

11.10% 17.60%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 3

Jim Ramstad (R)

637,106

3.10%

6.60%

District 4

Betty McCollum (D)

598,319

6.60%

8.60%

25.60%

District 5

Keith Ellison (D)

593,434

8.60%

13.70%

31.00%

District 6

Michele Bachmann (R)

730,995

1.90%

2.00%

8.60%

District 7

Collin Peterson (D)

619,053

3.10%

0.50%

7.80%

District 8

Jim Oberstar (D)

647,212

1.00%

0.80%

6.10%

5,167,101

3.90%

4.50%

14.50%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Minnesota

297

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 61

20.20% District 65

12.80% District 67

8.50%

District 58

4.20% District 46

3.50% District 66

6.50%

District 58B

5.10% District 65A

7.50% District 66A

9.30%

District 62B

20.40% District 58A

3.90% District 67B

8.00%

District 61A

19.60% District 65B

18.60% District 59B

4.00%

State House

Mississippi

299

Mississippi 0ERCENT (ISPANIC BY 3TATE Political Demographics The Latino population in Mississippi continued its rapid rate of growth from 1990 to 2006, growing at a rate almost 20 times faster than the general population and accounting for 9% of the states population growth. Most of the Latino community is concentrated in the cities of Biloxi, Gulfport and Jackson. Counties with the largest Latino population include Harrison, Jackson and DeSoto.

MS 1. 5

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 4-vote margin in the Senate and a 30-vote advantage in the House. The state was very active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. 34!4% 3425#452% Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in Mississippi has not kept up with the growth in population because of the high number of non-citizens of voting age. Due to the small sample size, the U.S. Census Bureau does not report a significant amount of registered voters. Most Latinos reside in the 1st and 4th congressional districts, with a population ranging from 10,00013,000 in each district. The number of Latinos in all state House and Senate districts is in the single digits. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Mississippi. In addition, voters will also have to elect a successor to anti-immigrant Chip Pickering (R) in the 3rd district, in which African Americans and Latinos com-

300

Mississippi

prise 34% of the population. Their combined vote could prove decisive if the senatorial and congressional campaigns to fill these two open seats are hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Mississippi established English as the official language in 1987. Mississippi was among 20 states that passed a law pertaining to employment in 2007. SB 2448 states that unemployment benefits shall not be payable on the basis of services performed by an undocumented immigrant, unless such undocumented immigrant is an individual who was lawfully admitted for permanent residence at the time such services were performed, or was lawfully present for purposes of performing such services. Social Demographics • 46.1% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 30.1% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.5, compared to 39.8 for whites and 29.0 for blacks. • 7.2% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.5% for whites and 15.2% for blacks. • 51.7% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 48.3% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $35,378 compared to $43,222 for whites and $21,969 for blacks. • 65.2% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 1.7% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 55.4% that are white and 52.8% that are black. • 43.4% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 56.6% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 1,327 Latino-owned businesses in Mississippi in 2002 with 274 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 34% in total number of Latino-owned businesses since 1997 and a 121% increase in sales. In 2002 there were 257 Latino businesses with 2,235 paid employees and an annual payroll of 40 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Mississippi totaled 920 million dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 1.5 billion dollars per year by 2009.

Mississippi

301

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

190.93%

35000 13.11% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino

30000

Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

25000

1.6% 1.9%

20000

37.3%

59.3%

15000 Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

10000

1,724,848 1,085,276 46,348 54,068

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 5000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

30,399 2,205

65.59% 4.8%

1,182 6,381

2.55% 13.77%

1,461 4,720

3.15% 10.18%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

2,573,216

15,931

2006

2,910,540

46,348

13.11%

190.93%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

9.02%

302

Mississippi

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Biloxi

50,644

1,848

3.60%

2. Gulfport

71,127

1,814

2.60%

3. Jackson

184,256

1,451

0.80%

4. Yazoo City

14,550

1,087

7.50%

5. Pascagoula

26,200

1,019

3.90%

6. Forest

5,987

761

12.70%

7. Laurel

18,393

712

3.90%

8. Southaven

28,977

654

2.30%

9. Hattiesburg

44,779

630

1.40%

14,099

603

4.30%

10. Horn Lake

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006 1625.50%

DeSoto County

5,280

3.60%

306

Harrison County

4,965

2.90%

2,939

68.90%

Jackson County

3,311

2.50%

1,060

212.40%

Jones County

2,678

4.00%

205

1206.30%

Hinds County

2,639

1.10%

1,148

129.90%

Rankin County

2,445

1.80%

520

370.20%

Scott County

2,114

7.30%

141

1399.30%

Yazoo County

1,438

5.10%

103

1296.10%

Madison County

1,312

1.50%

276

375.40%

Forrest County

1,250

1.60%

499

150.50%

Lee County

1,111

1.40%

360

208.60%

Pearl River County

1,029

1.80%

300

243.00%

Mississippi

303

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

46,000

25,000

16,000

12,000

9,000

Nov. 2006

40,000

16,000

N/A

16,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary February 10, 2008 Democratic Primary Election March 11, 2008 Republican Primary Election March 11, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 5, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 6

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

2.2%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Roger Wicker (R)

762,914

1.80%

27.20%

District 2

Bennie Thompson (D)

687,386

1.10%

66.30%

68.50%

District 3

Chip Pickering (R)

745,531

1.20%

34.10%

37.40%

District 4

Gene Taylor (D)

762,914

2.00%

22.00%

32.90%

2,958,745

1.60%

37.40%

42.30%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 30.60%

304

Mississippi

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0, State House = 0

Missouri

305

Missouri Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Missouri is among the fastest growing in the nation, growing at a rate 13 times faster than the general population since 1990, accounting for approximately 14% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Kansas City and St. Louis. Counties with the largest Latino population include Jackson and St. Louis.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

MO 2.6

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate, and five (5) of nine (9) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 6-vote margin in the Senate and a 19-vote margin in the House. The state was very active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

1 5

State Senate

State House

2 3 1

Latino civic participation has not kept up with the growth in population because one-third of the voting age population is non-citizen. As a result, only 58,000 are registered to vote, which is slightly more than 50% of the eligible voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 5th congressional district, in which approximately 30,000 Latinos reside. The Latino community is concentrated in one (1) state senate district and three (3) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in five (5) states will be up for election or reelection as Governor, including Missouri. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the gubernatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

306

Missouri

Current Political Issues Missouri established English as the official language of the state in 1998. Missouri was among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. SB 308 states that a person who applies for a license as a social worker in the state must be either a U.S. citizen or a legal permanent resident. SB 272 requires certain professionals to be U.S. citizens or legal permanent resident immigrants in order to receive the appropriate professional licensing. HB 780 expands renewal extensions for professionals completing military service to include all professionals licensed by the Division of Professional Registration. Applicants must be U.S. citizens or legal resident immigrants. Missouri was also among 18 states to adopt a resolution, HCR 20, which opposes state implementation of the Real ID Act of 2005. Social Demographics • 32.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 36.0% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.3, compared to 39.2 for whites and 30.8 for blacks. • 7.7% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.2% for whites and 14.7% for blacks. • 70.4% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 29.6% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. The median household income for Latinos is $36,738 compared to $45,430 for whites and $27,808 for blacks. 75.6% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. 4.2% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 87.4% that are white and 16.6% that are black. 53.4% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 46.6% are renter-occupied Business Demographics There were 3,652 Latino-owned businesses in Missouri in 2002 with 682 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented an 11% decrease in Latino-owned firms but a 16% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 722 Latino businesses with 5,507 paid employees and an annual payroll of 159 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Missouri was 2.6 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 3.9 billion dollars by 2009.

Missouri

307

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

160.77%

120000 14.18% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino 100000

Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 3.5% 2.8%

80000

11.3% 82.5% 60000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino

40000

Other

202,675

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

20000

General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

4,820,772 658,368 160,898

110,119

68.44%

10,033 3,129

6.2% 1.94%

11,372 7,369 18,876

7.07% 4.58% 11.73%

Latino Population

1990

5,117,073

61,702

2006

5,842,713

160,898

14.18%

160.77%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

13.67%

308

Missouri

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Kansas City

441,545

30,604

6.90%

2. St. Louis

348,189

7,022

2.00%

3. Independence

113,288

4,175

3.70%

4. Springfield

151,580

3,501

2.30%

5. St. Joseph

73,990

1,929

2.60%

6. Columbia

84,531

1,733

2.10%

7. Carthage

12,668

1,589

12.50%

8. Fort Leonard Wood

13,666

1,562

11.40%

9. Lee's Summit

70,700

1,394

2.00%

48,080

1,329

2.80%

10. Blue Springs

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006 149.80%

Jackson County

47,180

7.10%

18,890

St. Louis County

19,364

1.90%

9,811

97.40%

Clay County

9,428

4.60%

3,539

166.40%

St. Louis city

8,953

2.60%

5,124

74.70%

St. Charles County

7,014

2.10%

2,308

203.90%

Jasper County

6,056

5.40%

797

659.80%

Greene County

5,852

2.30%

1,775

229.70%

Boone County

3,451

2.40%

1,226

181.50%

Platte County

3,237

3.90%

1,161

178.80%

Cass County

2,937

3.10%

829

254.30%

Pulaski County

2,918

6.60%

1,953

49.40%

McDonald County

2,874

12.50%

121

2275.20%

Barry County

2,680

7.40%

152

1663.20%

Jefferson County

2,630

1.20%

1,151

128.50%

Pettis County

2,531

6.20%

268

844.40%

Buchanan County

2,287

2.70%

1,709

33.80%

Lawrence County

1,760

4.70%

211

734.10%

continued on next page

Missouri

309

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Newton County

1,644

2.90%

353

365.70%

Saline County

1,452

6.30%

208

598.10%

Taney County

1,426

3.30%

194

635.10%

Johnson County

1,403

2.80%

709

97.90%

Christian County

1,358

1.90%

216

528.70%

Dunklin County

1,315

4.10%

169

678.10%

Cole County

1,268

1.70%

447

183.70%

823

12.10%

2839.30%

County

Sullivan County

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

115,000

68,000

50,000

35,000

18,000

Nov. 2006

135,000

90,000

58,000

46,000

32,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 9, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 8, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

11 4.1%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

310

Missouri

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

William Lacy Clay, Jr. (D)

586,595

1.70%

53.70%

District 2

Todd Akin (R)

694,216

2.20%

2.70%

9.10%

District 3

Russ Carnahan (D)

646,856

2.00%

10.30%

15.80%

District 4

Ike Skelton (D)

657,809

2.20%

3.10%

8.20%

District 5

Emmanuel Cleaver (D)

622,642

7.60%

24.80%

36.00%

District 6

Sam Graves (R)

664,783

2.90%

3.10%

9.60%

District 7

Roy Blunt (R)

676,969

3.60%

1.20%

9.00%

District 8

Jo Ann Emerson (R)

634,998

1.10%

4.60%

8.20%

District 9

Kenny Hulshof (R)

657,845

1.40%

3.80%

8.10%

5,842,713

2.80%

11.90%

18.20%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 59.60%

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 10

10.20%

District 37

12.20% District 40

State House 28.60% District 41

10.10%

Montana

311

Montana Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Montana has continued to grow gradually since 1990, growing over five (5) times faster than the general population and accounting for 8% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Billings and Great Falls. The county with the largest Latino population is Yellowstone.

MT 2.2

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor and both seats in the U.S. Senate. Republicans hold the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lone congressional seat. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 2-vote majority in the Senate and Republicans have a 1vote majority in the House. The state has been somewhat active in passing immigrationrelated legislation. There are three (3) Latino elected officials in the state, but none in the state legislature. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

State Senate

State House

1 C*

*Constitutional Party

Latino civic participation in Montana has not kept up with its increase in overall population. There are only 3,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is one-fourth of the citizen voting age population. There is only one (1) congressional district in Montana, which is represented by a Republican. The percent of Latinos in the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s legislative districts is in the single digits. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the U.S. Senate, including Montana. And, Democratic Governors will be up for election or reelection in six (6) states, also including Montana. So there will be two major statewide races in the state. Latinos

312

Montana

could prove decisive if the two (2) senatorial and gubernatorial campaigns are hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Montana established English as the official language in 1995. While Montana has not had the same influx of immigrants like states in the South have had, the state was among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. HB 111 revises unemployment insurance to exclude from the definition of employment services performed by an undocumented immigrant, i.e., an undocumented immigrant having a residence in a foreign country coming temporarily to the U.S. to perform agricultural labor or services. Montana was also among 13 states to pass a law pertaining to human trafficking. SB 385 forbids involuntary servitude and the trafficking of human beings. Montana was also among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s license, and other licenses. HB 450 allows for the abbreviation of social security numbers on recreational licenses to only the last four (4) digits on a stateissued identification, and applicants must state whether they are U.S. citizens or undocumented immigrants. Social Demographics • 10.6% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 36.5% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.0, compared to 41.5 for whites and 20.5 for blacks. • 87.2% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 12.8% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $27,165 compared to $41,823 for whites and $24,365 for blacks. • 95.6% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 3.1% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 90.7% that are white and 9.2% that are black. • 46.4% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 53.6% are renter-occupied Business Demographics There were 964 Latino-owned businesses in Montana in 2002 with 99 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 4% decrease in Latino-owned firms from 1997 to 2002 and a 32% decrease in sales. In addition there were 156 Latino businesses with 677 paid employees and a total annual payroll of 14.6 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Montana was 299 million dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 431 million in 2009.

Montana

313

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

68.5%

120000 18.22% 0

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

100000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 80000

8.8% 2.2% 0.5%

88.6%

60000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black 40000

Latino Other

836,541 4,327 20,513 83,251

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 20000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

102,180 2,645

78.46% 2.0%

625 14,052

0.48% 10.79%

2,215 8,513

1.70% 6.54%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

799,065

12,174

2006

944,632

20,513

Percent Increase 1990-2006

18.22%

68.5%

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

5.73%

314

Montana

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Billings

89,847

3,758

4.20%

2. Great Falls

56,690

1,354

2.40%

3. Missoula

57,053

1,004

1.80%

4. Butte-Silver Bow

33,892

927

2.70%

5. Bozeman

27,509

438

1.60%

6. Helena

25,780

430

1.70% 7.80%

7. Malmstrom

4,544

356

8. Kalispell

14,223

220

1.50%

9. Hardin

3,384

187

5.50%

4,306

161

3.70%

10. Lockwood

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Yellowstone County

6,188

4.50%

3,158

95.90%

Missoula County

2,126

2.10%

962

121.00%

County

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Cascade County

2,101

2.60%

1,398

50.30%

Gallatin County

1,858

2.30%

593

213.30% 188.10%

Flathead County

1,775

2.10%

616

Lewis and Clark County

1,118

1.90%

576

94.10%

Silver Bow County

1,010

3.10%

810

24.70%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

12,000

6,000

5,000

6,000

Nov. 2006

12,000

3,000

9,000

Montana

315

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary May 5, 2008 Democratic Primary Election June 3, 2008 Republican Primary Election June 3, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 6, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 3

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.1%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

At Large

Denny Rehberg (D)

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

944,632

2.20%

0.50%

11.40%

944,632

2.20%

0.50%

11.40%

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0, State House= 0

Nebraska

317

Nebraska 0ERCENT (ISPANIC BY 3TATE Political Demographics The Latino population in Nebraska is among the fastest growing in the nation, growing at a rate 20 times faster than the general population from 1990 to 2006 and accounting for approximately 49% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Latinos are the largest minority group in the state. Much of the population is concentrated in Omaha, Lincoln and Grand Island. Counties with the largest Latino population include Douglas, Lancaster and Hall.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

NE 7.0

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate, and all three (3) seats in the U.S. House. The state legislature is unicameral and non-partisan. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are four (4) Latino elected officials, including one (1) State Senator. 34!4% 3425#452% Office

Democrat

Governor U.S. Senate U.S. House State Senate

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

1 1

1 3

Unicameral, Non-Partisan (49)

State House

Latino civic participation has not kept up with the growth in population because over half of the voting age population is non-citizen. As a result, only 20,000 are registered to vote, which is slightly less than 50% of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 2nd and 3rd congressional districts, with a population ranging from 15,000-20,000 in each district. The Latino community is also concentrated in seven (7) state senate districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Nebraska. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatori-

318

Nebraska

al campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Nebraska established English as the official language of the state in 1920. Nebraska was among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s license, or other licenses. LB 463 creates the Uniform Credentialing Act that provides licensure and legal registration of all persons in the health and medical field, alcohol and drug counselors, athletic trainers, funeral directors, and other occupations, and requires that all applicants be a citizen of the U.S. or legal resident immigrant. Nebraska was also among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. LB 223 prohibits tax credits, exemptions or refunds for any former employee who has been deported due to immigration status. Social Demographics • 42.7% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 39.5% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.0, compared to 38.9 for whites and 28.6 for blacks. • 7.0% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.0% for whites and 15.9% for blacks. • 61.2% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 38.8% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $35,639 compared to $47,062 for whites and $28,423 for blacks. • 64.8% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 13.0% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 87.8% that are white and 5.7% that are black. • 52.3% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 47.7% are renter-occupied Business Demographics There were 1,966 Latino-owned businesses in Nebraska in 2002 with 434 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 37% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 207% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. Nebraska ranked first in the nation as the state with the highest increase in sales and receipts between 1997 and 2002. In 2002 there were 378 Latino businesses with 2,862 paid employees and an annual payroll of 63 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Nebraska was 2 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 3.3 billion dollars by 2009.

Nebraska

319

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

252.27%

120000 12.03% 0

100 150 200 250 300

Percent Change Latino 100000

Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 80000 3.8% 7.4%

84.8%

4.0%

60000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino

40000

Other

66,888

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

20000

General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

1,500,166 71,047 130,230

102,180 2,645

78.46% 2.0%

625 14,052

0.48% 10.79%

2,215 8,513

1.70% 6.54%

Latino Population

1990

1,578,385

36,969

2006

1,768,331

130,230

12.03%

252.27%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

49.10%

320

Nebraska

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Omaha

390,007

29,397

7.50%

2. Lincoln

225,581

8,154

3.60%

3. Grand Island

42,940

6,845

15.90%

4. Lexington

10,011

5,121

51.20%

5. Scottsbluff

14,732

3,476

23.60%

6. South Sioux City

11,925

2,958

24.80%

7. Bellevue

44,382

2,609

5.90%

8. Schuyler

5,371

2,423

45.10%

9. Norfolk 10. North Platte

23,516

1,790

7.60%

23,878

1,596

6.70%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Douglas County

45,683

9.30%

11,368

301.90%

Lancaster County

11,798

4.40%

3,938

199.60%

Hall County

10,429

18.80%

2,116

392.90%

Sarpy County

7,767

5.40%

3,383

129.60% 1044.00%

Dawson County

7,585

30.30%

663

Scotts Bluff County

6,769

18.50%

5,237

29.30%

Dakota County

6,128

29.80%

1,016

503.10%

Madison County

4,172

11.80%

569

633.20%

Colfax County

3,364

33.30%

224

1401.80%

Platte County

3,032

9.50%

255

1089.00%

Dodge County

2,381

6.60%

223

967.70%

Buffalo County

2,352

5.40%

1,023

129.90% 2991.90%

Saline County

2,288

16.20%

Lincoln County

2,020

5.60%

1,623

24.50%

Box Butte County

1,039

9.30%

722

43.90%

590

11.40%

434

35.90%

Morrill County

Nebraska

321

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

119,000

56,000

27,000

19,000

29,000

Nov. 2006

76,000

42,000

20,000

13,000

22,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary Same day as caucus Democratic Caucus February 9, 2008 Republican Primary Election May 13, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election Election Day General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 5

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.9%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 1

Jeff Fortenberry (R)

598,164

5.60%

1.70%

District 2

Lee Terry (R)

609,320

8.70%

9.80%

23.40%

District 3

Adrian Smith (R)

560,847

7.80%

0.20%

10.30%

1,768,331

7.40%

3.90%

15.00%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

11.30%

322

Nebraska

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 5:

14.90% District 17

14.00% District 48

District 7:

32.20% District 35

18.00%

District 9:

13.10% District 36

18.70%

District 5:

14.90% District 17

14.00% District 48

District 7:

32.20% District 35

18.00%

District 9:

13.10% District 36

18.70%

17.80%

State House 17.80%

Nevada

323

Nevada Political Demographics The Latino population in Nevada continued to grow rapidly from 1990 to 2006, growing over three (3) times faster than the general population and accounting for 37% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Latinos are the largest minority group in the state. Much of the population is concentrated in Las Vegas, Paradise and North Las Vegas. Counties with the largest Latino population are Clark and Washoe.

0ERCENT (ISPANIC BY 3TATE

NV 22.9

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate, and two (2) of three (3) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 1vote margin in the Senate and Democrats have a 12-vote margin in the House.. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. 34!4% 3425#452% Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

1 2

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation growth in Nevada has not kept up with the rate of growth in population because of the high number of non-citizens of voting age. There are 93,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is less than half of the citizen voting age population. All Latinos reside in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd congressional districts with a population ranging from 100,000-188,000 in each. The Latino population is concentrated in 14 state senate districts and 32 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state with 39% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections All three (3) congressional seats will be contested in 2008, and Latino votes could prove decisive if the congressional campaigns are hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

324

Nevada

Current Political Issues Nevada was among 17 states to pass a law pertaining to education. SB 5 revises provisions governing eligibility for the receipt of a millennium scholarship, and now requires that applicants be legal residents of the state for at least two (2) years. Nevada was also among 13 states to pass a law pertaining to human trafficking. AB 383 creates and defines the crime of human trafficking making it a category B felony with a sentence of 1-20 years imprisonment and a fine of no more than $50,000 and makes the crime one for which an individual may be charged as a habitual felon. Individuals suffering injury as a result of the act can recover actual and punitive damages in civil action with the personal property of the convicted felon subject to forfeiture. The state was also among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s license, or other licenses. AB 584 revises certain provisions governing the issuance and renewal of driver’s licenses and identification cards of U.S. citizens and legal immigrant residents to comport with the federal Real ID Act. Nevada was also among 18 states to adopt a resolution, AJR 6, that urges Congress to repeal the Real ID Act. Social Demographics • 47.3% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 36.5% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 26.5, compared to 41.6 for whites and 32.0 for blacks. • 4.6% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.0% for whites and 8.7% for blacks. • 66.0% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 34.0% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $45,392 compared to $57,812 for whites and $43,027 for blacks. • 63.7% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 37.6% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 50.5% that are white and 9.2% that are black. • 50.4% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 49.6% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 9,745 Latino-owned businesses in Nevada in 2002 with 1.6 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 48% increase in Latino-owned firms since 1997, and a 35% increase in sales since 1997. In addition there were 1,345 Latino businesses with 12,984 paid employees with a total annual payroll of 336 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in 2004 totaled 9.1 billion and is projected to increase to 15.9 billion dollars by 2009.

Nevada

325

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

390.32%

500000 107.64% 0

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

400000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 9.7% 300000 58.6%

24.4%

7.2% 200000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

243,027

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

100000

Mexican Puerto Rican

1,463,452 178,999 610,051

475,390 19,020

77.93% 3.10%

15,120 44,445

2.48% 7.29%

14,001 42,075

2.30% 6.90%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

1,201,833

124,419

2006

2,495,529

610,051

107.64%

390.32%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

37.54%

326

Nevada

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Las Vegas

478,434

112,962

23.60%

2. Paradise

186,070

43,663

23.50%

3. North Las Vegas

115,488

43,435

37.60%

4. Sunrise Manor

156,120

40,619

26.00%

5. Reno

180,480

34,616

19.20%

6. Henderson

175,381

18,785

10.70%

7. Spring Valley

117,390

16,165

13.80%

8. Sparks

66,346

13,068

19.70%

9. Winchester

26,958

7,820

29.00%

10. Carson City

52,457

7,466

14.20%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County Clark County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

482,899

27.20%

82,904

482.50%

80,572

20.30%

22,959

250.90%

Elko County

9,889

21.00%

4,339

127.90%

Lyon County

6,978

13.60%

1,511

361.80%

Nye County

4,870

11.40%

1,237

293.70%

Douglas County

3,775

8.20%

1,652

128.50%

Humboldt County

3,457

19.80%

2,335

48.10%

Churchill County

2,469

9.90%

1,008

144.90%

Pershing County

1,288

20.10%

662

94.60%

White Pine County

1,063

11.60%

852

24.80%

Lander County

889

16.90%

789

12.70%

Mineral County

490

10.10%

546

-10.30%

Eureka County

181

12.20%

138

31.20%

11.00%

125

-30.40%

Washoe County

Esmeralda County

Nevada

327

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

301,000

151,000

83,000

72,000

68,000

Nov. 2006

375,000

200,000

93,000

51,000

107,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary Same day as caucus Democratic Caucus January 19, 2008 Republican Caucus January 19, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 4, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 5

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.9%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Shelley Berkeley (D)

797,562

34.90%

12.20%

District 2

Dean Heller (R)

794,501

18.70%

2.40%

29.00%

District 3

John C. Porter (R)

903,466

20.20%

6.90%

38.80%

2,495,529

24.60%

7.20%

41.50%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 56.50%

328

Nevada

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 1

18.60% District 7

25.00% District 13

29.20%

District 2

60.70% District 9

10.00% District 16

17.10%

District 3

20.90% District 10

44.90% District 17

10.10%

District 4

21.90% District 11

26.50% District 19

17.40%

District 5

10.70% District 12

12.30%

District 1

13.00% District 16

19.90% District 31

27.60%

District 3

19.80% District 17

18.10% District 32

10.30%

District 6

30.50% District 18

20.80% District 33

19.70%

District 7

30.40% District 19

24.80% District 34

17.90%

District 8

30.00% District 20

12.50% District 35

13.10%

District 9

32.80% District 23

13.70% District 37

13.50%

State House

District 10

22.40% District 24

19.80% District 38

10.10%

District 11

66.00% District 27

22.50% District 40

14.40%

District 12

28.90% District 28

65.20% District 41

27.20%

District 14

27.30% District 29

11.80% District 42

22.30%

District 15

18.20% District 30

25.60%

New hampshire

329

New Hampshire Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in New Hampshire has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate nine (9) times faster than the general population, accounting for 9% off the state’s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Nashua and Manchester. The county with the largest Latino population is Hillsborough.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

NH 2.1

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor. Republicans control both seats in the U.S. Senate and Democrats control the state’s two (2) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control both chambers with a 4vote margin in the Senate and a 79-vote margin in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are four Latino elected officials in the state, including three (3) state legislators. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate U.S. House

Republican 2

State Senate

State House

237

158

Latino civic participation in New Hampshire has not kept up with the rate of growth in the state’s population. There are 7,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is slightly more than half of the citizen voting age population. The Latino community is not concentrated in any congressional, state senate and state representative district. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection for the U.S. Senate, including New Hampshire. The reelection campaign could be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

330

New hampshire

Current Political Issues New Hampshire was among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses and other licenses. SB 53 clarifies when a suspension or revocation of a motor vehicle license, non-driver ID card, or registration takes effect and relates to laws concerning driver licenses issued to U.S. citizens and legal immigrants. New Hampshire was among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. HB 523 prescribes boundaries for programs that would help immigrants who would be federally ineligible for certain benefits by supplementing them with state funds. The state was also among 18 states to adopt a joint resolution urging Congress to pass the Agricultural Jobs bill and states the tremendous value of immigrant and migrant workers to New Hampshire. New Hampshire established English as the official language in 1995. Social Demographics • 26.6% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 33.1% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 27.1, compared to 40.2 for whites and 27.0 for blacks. • 86.6% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 13.4% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $55,048 compared to $59,634 for whites and $43,993 for blacks. • 83.3% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 3.6% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 12.9% that are white and 1.5% that are black. • 49.5% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 50.5% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 452 Latino-owned businesses in New Hampshire in 2002 with 38 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 50% decrease in Latino-owned firms and a 79% decrease in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 65 Latino businesses with 229 paid employees and an annual payroll of 5.2 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in New Hampshire was 134 million dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 185 million dollars by 2009.

New hampshire

331

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

162.25%

12000 18.54% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino 10000

Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 8000 3.1% 2.3% 1.0%

93.6%

6000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

4000

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

2000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

1,230,377 13,404 29,721 41,393

5,354 11,123 783 1,857

18.01% 37.40% 2.63% 6.25%

3,745 6,859

12.60% 23.08%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

1,109,252

11,333

2006

1,314,895

29,721

18.54%

162.25%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

8.94%

332

New hampshire

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

86,605

5,388

6.20%

107,006

4,944

4.60%

3. Concord

40,687

591

1.50%

4. Derry

22,661

501

2.20%

1. Nashua 2. Manchester

5. Dover

26,884

306

1.10%

6. Portsmouth

20,784

280

1.30%

7. Hanover

8,162

259

3.20%

8. Rochester

28,461

255

0.90%

9. Lebanon

12,568

206

1.60%

11,477

185

1.60%

10. Somersworth

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Hillsborough County

17,512

4.30%

5,696

207.40%

Rockingham County

5,423

1.80%

2,395

126.40%

Merrimack County

1,806

1.20%

780

131.50%

Strafford County

1,688

1.40%

837

101.70%

Grafton County

1,196

1.40%

599

99.70%

County

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

11,000

9,000

5,000

4,000

Nov. 2006

16,000

13,000

7,000

2,000

6,000

New hampshire

333

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary December 28, 2007 Democratic Primary Election January 8, 2008 Republican Primary Election January 8, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 24, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 4

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.5%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Carol Shea-Porter (D)

662,097

2.20%

1.10%

6.10%

District 2

Paul Hodes (D)

652,798

2.30%

0.90%

6.70%

1,314,895

2.30%

1.00%

6.40%

Population

STATEWIDE TOTALS

AfricanHispanic American

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0 State House District 48

11.90% District 61

20.60%

Total % Minority

New jersey

335

New Jersey 0ERCENT (ISPANIC BY 3TATE Political Demographics The Latino population in New Jersey has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate seven (7) times faster than the general population and accounting for 62% of the state’s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Newark, Paterson, Jersey City, Elizabeth and Union. Counties with largest the Latino population are Hudson, Passaic, Essex, Union and Middlesex.

NJ 1 5 .0

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and seven (7) of 13 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats also control the Senate with a 4vote margin and the House with an 18-vote margin. The state was one of the least active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 107 Latino elected officials in the state, including one (1) U.S. Senator, one (1) Congressman, and six (6) state legislators.

34!4% 3425#452% Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

1 1

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in New Jersey is comparable to or exceeds the state’s rate of Latino population growth. There are 259,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is over 50% of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 2nd, 6th, 8th, 9th, 10th, and 13th congressional districts, with a population ranging from 65,000-300,000 in each district. The Latino community is concentrated in 20 state senate and 20 state representative districts. There are 17 African American and Latino state legislators. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with the help of 56% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Neither the Governor nor the state’s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, which should positively impact the dynamics of the presidential election.

336

New jersey

Current Political Issues New Jersey passed no laws or resolutions pertaining to immigration in 2007, one (1) of only four (4) states to do so. The state has never established an official language. Social Demographics • 47.3% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 29.1% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 30.4, compared to 42.3 for whites and 33.1 for blacks. • 7.1% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.1% for whites and 11.6% for blacks. • 68.9% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 31.1% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $45,049 compared to $71,966 for whites and $44,866 for blacks. • 68.6% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 21.4% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 66.2% that are white and 18.9% that are black. • 37.5% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 62.5% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 49,846 Latino-owned businesses in New Jersey in 2002 with 9.2 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 38% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 79% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 5,738 Latino businesses with 40,842 paid employees and an annual payroll of 1.2 billion dollars. Latino purchasing power in New Jersey was 26.1 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 36.4 billion dollars by 2009.

New jersey

337

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

84.45%

400000 12.86% 0 350000

100

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

300000

9.0%

250000 15.6%

62.3% 200000 13.2%

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino

150000

Other 100000

5,431,103 1,147,763 1,364,699 780,995

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 General Population

50000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban

186,918 392,619 73,024

13.70% 28.80% 5.35%

Central American South American Other Latino

146,191 305,225

10.71% 22.37%

260,722

19.10%

Latino Population

1990

7,730,188

739,861

2006

8,724,560

1,364,699

12.86%

84.45%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

62.84%

338

New jersey

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Newark

273,546

80,622

29.50%

2. Paterson

149,222

74,774

50.10%

3. Jersey City

240,055

67,952

28.30%

4. Elizabeth

120,568

59,627

49.50%

5. Union City

67,088

55,226

82.30%

6. Passaic

67,861

42,387

62.50%

7. West New York

45,768

36,038

78.70%

8. Perth Amboy

47,303

33,033

69.80%

9. Camden

79,904

31,019

38.80%

48,573

18,947

39.00%

10. New Brunswick

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Hudson County

246,724

41.00%

183,465

34.50%

Passaic County

169,250

34.00%

98,092

72.50%

Essex County

141,459

18.00%

97,777

44.70%

Middlesex County

132,920

16.90%

59,776

122.40%

Union County

130,477

24.60%

67,797

92.50%

Bergen County

127,346

14.10%

49,776

155.80%

Camden County

60,600

11.70%

36,022

68.20%

Monmouth County

51,394

8.10%

22,407

129.40%

Morris County

50,459

10.20%

19,814

154.70%

Mercer County

45,203

12.30%

19,665

129.90%

Atlantic County

38,616

14.20%

16,117

139.60%

Somerset County

38,412

11.80%

10,187

277.10% 164.00%

Ocean County

36,822

6.50%

13,950

Cumberland County

35,185

22.70%

18,348

91.80%

Burlington County

23,254

5.20%

12,819

81.40%

Gloucester County

9,457

3.40%

4,131

128.90%

continued on next page

New jersey

339

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Sussex County

8,174

5.30%

2,911

180.80%

Warren County

6,703

6.00%

1,784

275.70%

Hunterdon County

5,110

3.90%

1,732

195.00%

Cape May County

3,964

4.10%

1,855

113.70%

Salem County

3,167

4.80%

1,436

120.50%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

906,000

475,000

331,000

277,000

144,000

Nov. 2006

960,000

507,000

259,000

166,000

248,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 15, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 14, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials 15 5.6%

TOTAL Source: USHLI Resource Department

0 107

340

New jersey

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Rob Andrews (D)

665,756

9.80%

17.20%

District 2

Frank LoBiondo ( R)

683,207

12.10%

13.80%

30.80%

District 3

Jim Saxton ( R)

698,873

5.70%

9.00%

20.50%

District 4

Chris Smith ( R)

693,578

9.70%

9.10%

22.50%

District 5

Scott Garrett ( R)

670,283

6.20%

1.80%

18.50%

District 6

Frank Pallone (D)

659,998

14.80%

15.60%

42.70%

District 7

Mike Ferguson ( R)

681,380

9.90%

5.50%

27.00%

District 8

Bill Pascrell (D)

656,603

29.90%

12.70%

50.40%

District 9

Steve Rothman (D)

654,945

24.10%

6.90%

45.10%

District 10

Don Payne (D)

642,024

18.80%

57.40%

82.70%

District 11

Rodney Freylinghuysen ( R)

685,030

9.10%

2.90%

21.60%

District 12

Rush Holt (D)

687,992

6.00%

10.90%

31.90%

District 13

Albio Sires (D)

644,891

50.30%

10.50%

70.40%

8,724,560

15.90%

13.30%

38.20%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 32.40%

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 1

12.10%

District 22

15.70%

District 33

57.50%

District 2

12.30%

District 25

12.10%

District 34

10.90%

District 5

16.70%

District 27

6.90%

District 35

38.70%

District 15

11.90%

District 28

15.10%

District 36

27.10%

District 17

15.50%

District 29

34.50%

District 37

16.90%

District 19

23.60%

District 31

21.70%

District 38

10.60%

District 20

33.80%

District 32

40.10% continued on next page

NEW JERSEY

34!4% ,%')3,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2 CONTINUED State House

341

New mexico

343

New Mexico Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in New Mexico has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate almost 2 times faster than the general population, and accounting for 64% of the state’s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Albuquerque, Las Cruces, South Valley and Santa Fe. Counties with the largest Latino population are Bernalillo, Dona Ana and Santa Fe.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

NM 43.4

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, as well as one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate and one (1) of three (3) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 6-vote majority in the Senate and a 14-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active, in a positive way, in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 651 Latino elected officials in the state. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Governor

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Blacks

Vacant

1 1

Latino civic participation in New Mexico has not kept up with the state’s rate of Latino population growth, due to the huge number of non-citizens. There are 290,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is slightly more than half of the citizen voting age population. Latinos fairly evenly reside within each of the state’s three (3) congressional districts, with a population ranging from 220,000-287,000. The Latino community is most heavily concentrated in 40 state senate and 69 state representative districts. There are 46 African American and Latino state legislators. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with the help of 56% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections One (1) of the five (5) U.S. Senators retiring in 2008 is from New Mexico and all three (3) members of Congress, two (2) Republicans and one (1) Democrat, are seeking to succeed

344

New mexico

him. This creates quiet an extraordinary situation where no incumbent is seeking reelection in four (4) of five (5) federal seats in a single state. The three (3) congressional seats and one (1) U.S. Senate seat are expected to be hotly contested, which should impact the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues New Mexico was among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. HB 247 excludes certain immigrants admitted to the U.S. to perform service in agricultural labor from receiving unemployment compensation. New Mexico adopted an “English Plus” resolution in 1989. Social Demographics • 17.9% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 31.3% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 29.3, compared to 44.3 for whites and 27.5 for blacks. • 7.3% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.6% for whites and 9.6% for blacks. • 82.0% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak ‘English well or very well’, and 18.0% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $33,789 compared to $49,989 for whites and $38,006 for blacks. • 86.4% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 58.6% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 34.2% that are white and 3.2% that are black. • 68.0% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 32.0% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 29,716 Latino-owned businesses in New Mexico in 2002 with 57.1 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 5% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 39% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 5,211 Latino businesses with 46,707 paid employees and an annual payroll of 936 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in New Mexico was 13.7 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 18.9 billion dollars by 2009.

New mexico

345

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

48.59%

500000 29.01% 0

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 400000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 11.7% 300000

44.0%

42.4% 1.8% 200000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

0 Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

35,849 860,687 229,098

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

100000

Mexican

828,965

General Population

Latino Population

1990

1,515,069

579,224

2006

1,954,599

860,687

29.01%

48.59%

448,714 9,632 4,352

52.13% 1.10% 0.51%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

6,185 3,737 388,067

0.72% 0.43% 45.09%

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

64.04%

346

New mexico

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

448,607

179,075

39.90%

2. Las Cruces

74,267

38,421

51.70%

3. South Valley

39,060

30,307

77.60%

4. Santa Fe

62,203

29,744

47.80%

1. Albuquerque

5. Roswell

45,293

20,084

44.30%

6. Rio Rancho

51,765

14,329

27.70%

7. Sunland Park

13,309

12,835

96.40%

8. Hobbs

28,657

12,088

42.20%

9. Las Vegas

14,565

12,080

82.90%

10. Alamogordo

35,582

11,383

32.00%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Bernalillo County

276,279

44.90%

178,310

54.90%

Dona Ana County

126,102

65.00%

76,448

65.00%

Santa Fe County

70,496

49.50%

48,939

44.00%

Valencia County

38,900

55.30%

22,733

71.10%

Sandoval County

36,583

32.20%

20,491

78.50%

Chaves County

29,618

47.40%

21,271

39.20%

Rio Arriba County

29,562

72.20%

24,955

18.50%

Lea County

26,123

45.60%

16,598

57.40% 87.40%

County

San Miguel County

22,507

76.80%

12,009

Otero County

21,559

34.40%

12,380

74.10%

San Juan County

21,453

17.00%

17,372

23.50%

Eddy County

21,432

41.40%

17,145

25.00%

Taos County

17,495

55.00%

15,008

16.60%

Luna County

16,253

59.70%

8,628

88.40%

Curry County

15,867

34.90%

10,015

58.40%

Grant County

14,342

48.10%

14,061

2.00%

continued on next page

New mexico

347

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

McKinley County

9,337

13.00%

7,764

20.30%

Cibola County

9,246

33.60%

8,109

14.00%

Socorro County

8,563

46.90%

7,057

21.30%

Torrance County

6,686

38.10%

3,892

71.80%

Colfax County

6,482

48.00%

6,190

4.70%

Roosevelt County

6,463

35.30%

4,548

42.10%

County

Lincoln County

5,969

28.10%

3,427

74.20%

Mora County

4,066

78.90%

3,623

12.20%

Sierra County

3,741

29.50%

2,379

57.30%

Quay County

3,569

39.00%

4,060

-12.10% -3.10%

Guadalupe County

3,395

77.80%

3,505

Hidalgo County

2,900

57.00%

2,984

-2.80%

Los Alamos County

2,581

13.60%

2,008

28.50%

Union County

1,436

37.80%

1,390

3.30%

De Baca County

729

36.60%

736

-1.00%

Catron County

646

18.60%

728

-11.30%

Harding County

308

42.90%

461

-33.20%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

544,000

486,000

316,000

276,000

170,000

Nov. 2006

519,000

451,000

290,000

233,000

161,000

348

New mexico

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 8, 2008 Democratic Caucus February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election June 3, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 7, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 5

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.9%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

101

Municipal Officials

229

Judicial/Law Enforcement

104

Education/School Board

144

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

651

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Heather Wilson (R)

669,340

45.20%

2.70%

District 2

Steve Pearce (R)

632,111

49.60%

1.60%

58.40%

District 3

Tom Udall (D)

653,148

37.40%

1.20%

58.80%

1,954,599

44.10%

1.80%

57.60%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 55.70%

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 1

17.10% District 8

62.30% District 15

31.10%

District 2

20.40% District 9

32.60% District 16

25.40%

District 4

11.70% District 11

73.90% District 17

48.40%

District 5

66.90% District 12

56.10% District 18

24.70%

District 6

55.20% District 13

52.70% District 19

22.00%

District 7

34.80% District 14

61.30% District 20

23.80% continued on next page

New mexico

349

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER (continued) State Senate (continued) District 21

20.30% District 29

57.80% District 37

44.30%

District 22

14.80% District 30

42.30% District 38

63.00%

District 23

38.50% District 31

84.00% District 39

57.90%

District 24

65.40% District 32

56.00% District 40

34.50%

District 25

30.20% District 33

25.40% District 41

51.80%

District 26

67.50% District 34

26.90% District 42

31.40%

District 27

33.70% District 35

50.20%

District 28

48.40% District 36

62.30%

District 1

13.10% District 25

37.60% District 48

District 2

23.20% District 26

50.80% District 49

46.80%

District 3

23.20% District 27

17.10% District 50

43.50%

State House 51.30%

District 5

13.10% District 28

24.20% District 51

31.50%

District 6

16.00% District 29

37.80% District 52

71.60%

District 7

53.30% District 30

26.70% District 53

56.50%

District 8

58.90% District 31

15.40% District 54

53.90%

District 9

18.70% District 32

57.70% District 55

33.10%

District 10

57.20% District 33

58.10% District 56

21.90%

District 11

63.50% District 34

86.10% District 57

24.20%

District 12

71.10% District 35

57.20% District 58

62.40%

District 13

76.60% District 36

62.60% District 59

24.80%

District 14

81.50% District 37

44.20% District 60

29.70%

District 15

38.50% District 38

29.60% District 61

52.20%

District 16

61.80% District 39

57.50% District 62

25.70%

District 17

55.20% District 40

78.70% District 63

50.10%

District 18

29.30% District 41

73.90% District 64

21.70%

District 19

30.80% District 42

55.10% District 65

26.70%

District 20

23.20% District 43

27.60% District 66

31.40%

District 21

39.10% District 44

26.80% District 67

33.90%

District 22

19.30% District 45

66.90% District 68

59.30%

District 23

33.10% District 46

54.40% District 69

18.90%

District 24

23.70% District 47

24.60% District 70

76.30%

New york

351

New York Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in New York has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate six (6) times faster than the general population and accounting for 70% of the state’s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in the five (5) boroughs of New York and Yonkers. Counties with the largest Latino population are Bronx, Queens, Kings, New York, Suffolk, Westchester and Nassau.

NY 16.1

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, both U.S. Senate seats, and 23 of 29 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 4-vote majority in the Senate and Democrats have a more than 2-to-1 majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

108

Latino civic participation in New York has not kept up with the state’s rate of Latino population growth. There are 683,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is slightly less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 5th, 7th, 12th, 16th and 17th congressional districts with a population ranging from 135,000-400,000 in each district. The Latino community is most heavily concentrated in 33 state senate and 77 state representative districts. There are 61 African American and Latino state legislators. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with the help of 75% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Neither the Governor nor the state’s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, which should impact the dynamics of the presidential election. The former Mayor of New York City

352

New york

and the current junior Senator are both seeking the presidential nomination of their respective parties, and the present Mayor of New York City has not ruled out a possible bid as an Independent. Current Political Issues New York was among 13 states to pass a law pertaining to human trafficking. SB 5902 provides services for persons affected by human trafficking. The state was among 31 states that passed a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. AB 8975 permits a permanent resident or an undocumented immigrant in the process of applying for citizenship to acquire permanent certification as a teacher. New York was among 10 states to pass a law pertaining to law enforcement. AB 3286 allows the Parole Board to grant parole or release for deportation an inmate eligible for deportation. SB 2100 makes appropriations for services and expenses incurred for the incarceration of undocumented immigrants. The state has never established an official language. Social Demographics • 40.7% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 29.1% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 30.3, compared to 41.3 for whites and 33.0 for blacks. • 8.6% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.1% for whites and 11.0% for blacks. • 70.7% of Latino Spanish-speakers 5 years and older speak English ‘well or very well’, and 29.3% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $36,147 compared to $58,186 for whites and $37,107 for blacks. • 74.2% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 22.8% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 60.8% that are white and 21.3% that are black. • 24.5% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 75.5% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 163,659 Latino-owned businesses in New York in 2002 with 12.8 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 57% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 24% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 13,551 Latino businesses with 71,460 paid employees and an annual payroll of 2 billion dollars. Latino purchasing power in New York was 56.6 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 75.3 billion dollars by 2009.

New york

353

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

41.8%

1200000 7.31% 0

Percent Change Latino 1000000

Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 800000

8.8%

16.3% 60.2% 600000 14.8% Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black

400000

Latino Other

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

200000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

11,628,557 2,847,761 3,139,590 1,690,275

373,247 1,071,394

11.89% 34.10%

64,899 294,922

2.07% 9.39%

496,324 838,804

15.81% 26.72%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

17,990,455

2,214,026

2006

19,306,183

3,139,590

7.31%

41.8%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

70.35%

354

New york

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

8,008,278

2,160,554

27.00%

196,086

50,852

25.90%

3. Brentwood

53,917

29,251

54.30%

4. Rochester

219,773

28,032

12.80%

5. Buffalo

1. New York 2. Yonkers

292,648

22,076

7.50%

6. Hempstead

56,554

17,991

31.80%

7. Freeport

43,783

14,648

33.50%

8. New Rochelle

72,182

14,492

20.10%

9. Port Chester

27,867

12,884

46.20%

10. White Plains

53,077

12,476

23.50%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Bronx County

693,884

51.00%

523,111

32.60%

Queens County

597,773

26.50%

381,120

56.80%

Kings County

496,304

19.80%

462,411

7.30%

New York County

408,712

25.40%

386,630

5.70%

Suffolk County

191,552

13.00%

87,852

118.00%

Westchester County

175,990

18.50%

86,194

104.20%

Nassau County

160,017

12.10%

77,386

106.80%

71,154

14.90%

30,239

135.30% 169.20%

Richmond County Orange County

57,980

15.40%

21,535

Monroe County

41,581

5.70%

26,450

57.20%

Rockland County

37,424

12.70%

17,711

111.30%

Erie County

33,271

3.60%

22,249

49.50%

Dutchess County

24,879

8.40%

9,765

154.80%

Onondaga County

12,902

2.80%

7,195

79.30%

Ulster County

12,812

7.00%

6,832

87.50%

Albany County

10,962

3.70%

5,311

106.40%

continued on next page

New york

355

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Putnam County

9,691

9.60%

2,246

331.50%

Oneida County

8,876

3.80%

5,804

52.90%

Sullivan County

8,568

11.20%

4,747

80.50%

Chautauqua County

6,303

4.70%

4,055

55.40%

Schenectady County

6,037

4.00%

2,489

142.50%

Jefferson County

4,833

4.20%

3,136

54.10%

Broome County

4,672

2.40%

2,478

88.50%

Montgomery County

4,203

8.60%

2,703

55.50%

Saratoga County

4,133

1.90%

1,951

111.80%

Rensselaer County

4,029

2.60%

1,864

116.10%

Tompkins County

3,869

3.90%

2,117

82.80%

Niagara County

3,371

1.60%

2,098

60.70%

Ontario County

2,820

2.70%

1,266

122.70%

Wayne County

2,785

3.00%

1,518

83.50%

Greene County

2,462

4.90%

1,522

61.80%

Clinton County

2,183

2.70%

2,105

3.70%

Franklin County

2,099

4.10%

1,123

86.90%

St. Lawrence County

2,079

1.90%

1,275

63.10%

Columbia County

1,911

3.00%

1,021

87.20%

Oswego County

1,869

1.50%

1,159

61.30%

Chemung County

1,761

2.00%

1,441

22.20%

Orleans County

1,683

3.90%

1,029

63.60%

Cayuga County

1,682

2.10%

1,202

39.90%

Livingston County

1,600

2.50%

975

64.10%

Washington County

1,522

2.40%

1,313

15.90%

Otsego County

1,357

2.20%

720

88.50%

Wyoming County

1,342

3.10%

1,004

33.70%

County

Delaware County

1,302

2.80%

536

142.90%

Genesee County

1,176

2.00%

451

160.80%

Fulton County

1,107

2.00%

411

169.30%

Steuben County

1,042

1.10%

518

101.20%

Warren County

1,026

1.60%

476

115.50%

356

New york

%34)-!4%$ ,!4)./ 6/4).' !'% 0/05,!4)/. 6!0 !.$ 2%')34%2%$ 6/4%23 ). Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

1,976,000

1,346,000

754,000

613,000

592,000

Nov. 2006

2,055,000

1,393,000

683,000

390,000

710,000

%,%#4)/. #!,%.$!2 Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 11, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 10, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

%,%#4/2!, #/,,%'% 6/4% 31

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

11.5%

,!4)./ %,%#4%$ /&&)#)!,3 ). U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Tim Bishop (D)

682,472

9.80%

3.90%

District 2

Steve Israel (D)

675,077

16.80%

10.80%

32.70%

District 3

Peter King ( R)

660,490

8.00%

3.20%

16.60%

District 4

Carolyn McCarthy (D)

641,512

17.10%

18.80%

44.10%

District 5

Gary Ackerman (D)

654,035

24.90%

4.20%

60.40%

District 6

Gregory Meeks (D)

671,957

17.30%

50.90%

88.50%

District 7

Joseph Crowley (D)

664,805

42.20%

16.00%

74.80%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 18.80%

continued on next page

New york

357

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY (continued) District

Congressional Representative

District 8

Jerrold Nadler (D)

692,822

10.80%

4.30%

31.40%

District 9

Anthony Weiner (D)

674,844

14.80%

3.90%

37.30%

District 10

Ed Towns (D)

684,607

16.10%

60.20%

82.00%

District 11

Yvette Clarke (D)

656,345

12.00%

55.80%

74.30%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 12

Nydia Velazquez (D)

677,789

47.30%

8.60%

75.80%

District 13

Vito Fossella ( R)

688,651

13.70%

6.90%

33.40%

District 14

Carolyn Maloney (D)

642,674

15.00%

4.30%

32.90%

District 15

Charles Rangel (D)

671,585

46.50%

28.10%

80.10%

District 16

Jose Serrano (D)

669,910

65.70%

28.20%

97.80%

District 17

Eliot Engel (D)

668,624

22.60%

31.70%

61.40%

District 18

Nita Lowey (D)

671,922

18.40%

9.60%

35.70%

District 19

John Hall (D)

706,420

10.70%

5.90%

21.60%

District 20

Kirsten Gillibrand (D)

673,470

2.50%

2.30%

7.90%

District 21

Mike McNulty (D)

664,724

4.00%

8.30%

17.90%

District 22

Maurice Hinchey (D)

676,625

10.30%

7.90%

24.10%

District 23

John McHugh ( R)

657,220

2.30%

2.40%

7.50%

District 24

Mike Arcuri (D)

652,981

2.90%

3.80%

9.30%

District 25

Jim Walsh ( R)

664,395

2.70%

7.60%

14.90%

District 26

Tom Reynolds ( R)

670,455

2.20%

3.10%

9.20%

District 27

Brian Higgins (D)

625,552

5.20%

5.40%

12.90%

District 28

Louise Slaughter (D)

610,440

5.90%

29.40%

39.10%

District 29

Randy Kuhl ( R)

653,780

1.60%

2.80%

8.40%

19,306,183

16.20%

14.80%

39.70%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

358

New york

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 3

17.00% District 17

56.90% District 33

59.70%

District 4

12.90% District 18

24.40% District 34

22.90%

District 6

11.80% District 19

15.10% District 35

20.30%

District 8

11.30% District 20

15.10% District 36

28.00% 17.30%

District 10

15.10% District 21

10.50% District 37

District 11

14.10% District 23

24.20% District 38

9.80%

District 12

33.30% District 25

19.40% District 39

10.70%

District 13

56.10% District 28

56.70% District 46

3.10%

District 14

15.20% District 30

29.40% District 49

2.50%

District 15

26.00% District 31

57.40% District 56

8.00%

District 16

15.10% District 32

59.40% District 60

4.10%

District 3

11.50% District 34

51.10% District 55

20.20%

District 6

42.00% District 35

39.20% District 56

12.20%

District 11

12.10% District 36

23.70% District 57

13.40%

State House

District 15

10.70% District 37

42.10% District 58

5.60%

District 18

26.10% District 38

35.10% District 59

7.50%

District 21

9.60% District 39

64.60% District 60

11.10%

District 22

20.30% District 40

22.90% District 61

20.60%

District 23

18.80% District 41

6.60% District 63

10.90%

District 25

20.30% District 42

14.20% District 64

17.20%

District 27

21.30% District 44

17.10% District 67

11.60%

District 28

11.00% District 46

16.00% District 68

49.50%

District 29

12.70% District 50

23.10% District 69

24.70%

District 30

25.00% District 51

56.80% District 70

33.90%

District 31

19.10% District 52

19.50% District 71

50.10%

District 32

16.40% District 53

72.80% District 72

83.90%

District 33

10.70% District 54

54.40% District 74

23.00% continued on next page

New york

359

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER (continued) State House (continued) District 75

13.70% District 85

60.30% District 98

11.50%

District 76

56.80% District 86

66.10% District 100

15.50%

District 77

55.30% District 87

27.50% District 104

3.60%

District 78

61.20% District 88

14.70% District 106

3.50%

District 79

53.90% District 90

12.80% District 119

3.90%

District 80

34.20% District 91

21.20% District 131

8.10%

District 81

29.00% District 92

10.70% District 133

13.60%

District 82

26.50% District 93

16.40% District 141

2.70%

District 83

18.00% District 94

13.40% District 144

12.60%

District 84

70.70% District 95

7.20%

North carolina

361

North Carolina Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in North Carolina has continued its rapid rate of growth since 1990, growing at a rate nearly 25 times faster than the general population. Much of the population is concentrated in Charlotte, Raleigh, Winston-Salem and Durham. Counties with the largest Latino population are Mecklenburg, Wake and Forsyth.

NC 6.1

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor. Republicans control both seats in the U.S. Senate and six (6) of 13 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control the Senate with a 12-vote margin and the House with a 16-vote margin. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

2 7

State House

Latino civic participation in North Carolina has not kept up with the growth in population because non-citizens comprise a substantial percentage of the voting age population. As a result, only 33,000 are registered to vote, which is slightly less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 2nd, 8th, 12th and 13th congressional districts with a population ranging from 35,000-50,000 in each district. The Latino community is also concentrated in two (2) state senate districts and five (5) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including North Carolina. Democratic Governors will be up for reelection in five (5) states, also including North Carolina. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive in

362

North carolina

both races if the senatorial and gubernatorial campaigns are hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues North Carolina was among the first states to make English the official language (1987). North Carolina was also among 13 states to pass a law pertaining to human trafficking. SB 1079 states that any non-resident who would otherwise be ineligible for state benefits shall be eligible if he or she is a victim of human trafficking. North Carolina was also among 10 states to pass a law pertaining to law enforcement. SB 229 states that the administrator of a jail or other confinement facility shall seek to ascertain if persons confined therein under felony or impaired driving charges are lawfully present in the United States. North Carolina was also among 11 states to pass a law (SB 1466) that defines bedding standards for migrant housing, makes changes to inspection requirements, and authorizes civil penalties for noncompliance. Social Demographics • 57.9% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 36.0% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.4, compared to 40.2 for whites and 32.9 for blacks. • 6.8% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.0% for whites and 11.9% for blacks. • 54.4% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 45.6% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $33,187 compared to $48,624 for whites and $29,243 for blacks. • 48.8% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 10.3% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 67.4% that are white and 29.3% that are black. • 38.2% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 61.8% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 9,047 Latino-owned businesses in North Carolina in 2002 with 1.8 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 24% increase in the number of firms since 1997 and a 66% increase in sales, respectively. In 2002 there were 1,728 Latino businesses with 11,617 paid employees and an annual payroll of 298 million dollars. From 1990 to 2004 Latino purchasing power in North Carolina increased 949%, the fastest rate of growth in the nation. In 2004 Latino purchasing power totaled 8.8 billion and is projected to reach 17.3 billion in 2009.

North carolina

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

363

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006 678.59%

400000 33.61%

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 350000

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

300000

4.3% 6.7%

250000

21.2%

67.7%

200000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black

150000

Latino Other 100000

General Population

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

1,877,845 597,382 382,042

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

50000

Mexican Puerto Rican

5,999,236

397,971 44,707 10,530 78,833

66.62% 7.50% 1.76% 13.20%

29,689 35,652

4.97% 5.97%

Latino Population

1990

6,628,637

76,726

2006

8,856,505

597,382

33.61%

678.59%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

23.37%

364

North carolina

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Charlotte

540,828

39,800

7.40%

2. Raleigh

276,093

19,308

7.00%

3. Winston-Salem

185,776

16,043

8.60%

4. Durham

187,035

16,012

8.60%

5. Greensboro

223,891

9,742

4.40%

6. Fayetteville

121,015

6,862

5.70%

7. Jacksonville

66,715

6,702

10.00%

8. Monroe

26,228

5,611

21.40%

9. Fort Bragg

29,183

4,603

15.80%

10. Burlington

44,917

4,525

10.10%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Mecklenburg County

81,241

9.80%

6,693

1113.80%

Wake County

62,674

8.00%

5,396

1061.50%

Forsyth County

33,530

10.10%

2,102

1495.10%

Durham County

28,639

11.60%

2,054

1294.30%

County

Guilford County

25,601

5.70%

2,887

786.80%

Johnston County

16,030

10.50%

1,262

1170.20%

Cumberland County

16,027

5.40%

13,298

20.50%

Union County

15,818

9.00%

675

2243.40% 1966.70%

Alamance County

15,211

10.70%

736

Randolph County

13,879

9.90%

734

1790.90%

Catawba County

12,986

8.40%

921

1310.00%

Cabarrus County

12,717

8.10%

483

2532.90%

Duplin County

10,540

20.00%

1,015

938.40%

Robeson County

10,327

8.00%

704

1366.90%

Gaston County

10,306

5.20%

864

1092.80%

9,805

15.40%

727

1248.70%

Sampson County

continued on next page

North carolina

365

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Buncombe County

8,838

4.00%

1,173

653.50%

Onslow County

8,739

5.80%

8,035

8.80%

Davidson County

8,612

5.50%

602

1330.60%

Harnett County

8,524

8.00%

1,159

635.50%

Lee County

8,422

14.80%

800

952.80%

Rowan County

8,288

6.10%

651

1173.10%

County

Henderson County

8,188

8.30%

846

867.80%

Wayne County

7,627

6.70%

1,356

462.50%

Iredell County

7,566

5.20%

672

1025.90%

Chatham County

7,064

11.80%

564

1152.50% 426.70%

Orange County

6,736

5.60%

1,279

Pitt County

6,491

4.50%

977

564.40%

Wilson County

6,469

8.40%

537

1104.70%

Surry County

6,382

8.80%

602

960.10%

Lincoln County

6,075

8.40%

570

965.80%

New Hanover County

5,403

3.00%

924

484.70%

Burke County

4,401

4.90%

344

1179.40%

Hoke County

4,370

10.30%

218

1904.60%

Rockingham County

4,312

4.60%

620

595.50%

Moore County

4,279

5.10%

470

810.40%

Montgomery County

4,112

14.90%

556

639.60%

Nash County

4,044

4.40%

606

567.30%

Franklin County

3,899

7.00%

290

1244.50%

Brunswick County

3,428

3.60%

376

811.70%

Granville County

3,308

6.10%

356

829.20%

Yadkin County

3,261

8.60%

388

740.50%

Wilkes County

3,234

4.80%

362

793.40%

Caldwell County

2,913

3.60%

315

824.80%

Craven County

2,904

3.10%

1,821

59.50%

Lenoir County

2,628

4.60%

463

467.60%

Vance County

2,590

5.90%

271

855.70%

366

North carolina

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Pender County

2,369

4.90%

273

767.80%

Greene County

2,313

11.50%

169

1268.60% 1688.40%

Davie County

2,307

5.80%

129

Edgecombe County

2,119

3.90%

255

731.00%

Richmond County

1,950

4.20%

293

565.50%

Stanly County

1,917

3.20%

309

520.40%

McDowell County

1,882

4.30%

114

1550.90%

Beaufort County

1,863

4.00%

197

845.70%

Bladen County

1,779

5.40%

150

1086.00%

Columbus County

1,614

3.00%

242

566.90%

Cleveland County

1,604

1.60%

376

326.60%

Carteret County

1,431

2.30%

450

218.00%

Rutherford County

1,393

2.20%

342

307.30%

Alexander County

1,179

3.30%

184

540.80%

Dare County

1,130

3.30%

199

467.80%

Stokes County

1,027

2.20%

254

304.30%

Person County

1,007

2.70%

249

304.40%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

327,000

109,000

44,000

27,000

65,000

Nov. 2006

419,000

67,000

33,000

9,000

34,000

North carolina

367

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary April 12, 2008 Democratic Primary Election May 6, 2008 Republican Primary Election May 6, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 10, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 15

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

5.6%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

G. K. Butterfield (D)

604,535

3.60%

50.70%

District 2

Bob Etheridge (D)

695,073

10.40%

28.70%

42.10%

District 3

Walter Jones Jr. (R)

674,334

5.30%

16.70%

25.20%

District 4

David Price (D)

735,413

7.20%

19.10%

33.90%

District 5

Virginia Foxx (R)

656,007

6.00%

7.50%

15.60%

District 6

Howard Coble (R)

678,471

5.70%

8.90%

17.60%

District 7

Mike McIntyre (D)

692,546

5.50%

20.80%

36.40%

District 8

Robin Hayes (D)

657,782

8.20%

29.20%

42.80%

District 9

Sue Myrick (R)

768,200

6.10%

13.30%

23.60%

District 10

Patrick McHenry (R)

663,586

4.80%

8.60%

16.50%

District 11

Heath Shuler (D)

665,133

4.10%

5.10%

12.20%

District 12

Mel Watt (D)

672,120

11.30%

43.60%

59.00%

District 13

Brad Miller (D)

693,305

9.00%

27.00%

40.20%

8,856,505

6.70%

21.50%

32.40%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 56.80%

368

North carolina

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 32

10.00%

District 4

12.60% District 71

14.10% District 106

District 33

10.40% District 100

11.80%

District 63

10.20% District 102

12.40%

State House 12.30%

North dakota

369

North Dakota Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in North Dakota has continued to grow gradually since 1990. While the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population decreased nearly 30,000 during that time, the Latino population increased nearly 50%, but not enough to offset the overall loss in population. Much of the population, however sparse, is concentrated in Fargo and Grand Forks. Counties with the largest Latino population are Cass, Grand Forks and Ward.

ND 1.1

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor. Democrats control both seats in the U.S. Senate and the one (1) seat in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 5-vote majority in the Senate and a 28-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor U.S. Senate

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

1 2

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in North Dakota is on a comparatively small scale in terms of registered voters. There are 4,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is more than half of the citizen voting age population. Like all North Dakotans, all Latinos reside within the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s single congressional district. The percent of Latinos in all legislative districts remains in the single digits. The 2004 Presidential Election George Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in five (5) states will be up for election or reelection as Governor, including North Dakota. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the gubernatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

370

North dakota

Current Political Issues North Dakota established English as the official language in 1987. North Dakota was among 17 states to pass a law pertaining to education. SB 2200 defines a “new immigrant English Language Learner” as a student who was not born in the U.S. and has not attended school in the U.S. for more than three (3) school years or the equivalent of three (3) school years and requires reporting on those numbers in school and provides for extra compensation for schools that serve them. North Dakota was also among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses or other licenses. SB 2112 relates to driver’s licenses and non-driver photo identification cards, and issuance to individuals of nonresident status legally residing in the United States. Social Demographics • 17.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 32.0% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 22.9, compared to 39.1 for whites and 21.5 for blacks. • 95.4% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English well or very well, and 4.6% speak English not well or not at all. • The median household income for Latinos is $31,516 compared to $43,458 for whites and $22,931 for blacks. • 90.6% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 1.8% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 94.5% that are white and 0.1% that are black. • 51.7% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 48.3% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 230 Latino-owned businesses in North Dakota in 2002, which represented a 48% decrease in Latino-owned firms from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 42 Latino businesses with 210 paid employees and an annual payroll of 5 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in North Dakota was 167 million dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 265 million dollars by 2009.

North dakota

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

371

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

8000

100.04%

-0.46% -20

7000

80 100 120

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

6000

5000

7.1% 1.5% 0.9%

90.4%

4000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

3000

575,108 5,973 9,332 45,454

2000

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 General Population

Latino Population

1990

638,800

4,665

2006

635,867

9,332

-0.46%

100.04%

1000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

6,072 667

65.07% 7.10%

80 135 1,058 1,320

0.86% 1.45% 11.34% 14.14%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

-159.12%

372

North dakota

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Fargo

90599

1167

1.30%

2. Grand Forks

49321

921

1.90%

3. Minot

36567

539

1.50%

4516

432

9.60%

4. Grafton 5. Bismarck

55532

415

0.70%

6. West Fargo

14940

211

1.40%

7. Jamestown

15527

185

1.20%

8. Dickinson

16010

168

1.00%

9. Williston

12512

154

1.20%

16718

130

0.80%

10. Mandan

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Cass County

2,373

1.80%

700

239.00%

Grand Forks County

1,537

2.30%

1,053

46.00%

Ward County

1,360

2.50%

857

58.70%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Unregistered Potential

Total Voted

2004

6,000

4,000

2,000

Nov. 2006

6,000

5,000

4,000

2,000

1,000

North dakota

373

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary No voter registration required Democratic Caucus February 5, 2008 Republican Caucus February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election No voter registration required General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 3

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.1%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

At Large

Earl Pomeroy (D)

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanAmerican

Hispanic

Total % Minority

635,867

1.50%

0.90%

9.60%

635,867

1.50%

0.90%

9.60%

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0, State House = 0

Ohio

375

Ohio Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Ohio has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 18 times faster than the general population and accounting for 20% of the state’s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Cleveland, Columbus, Toledo and Lorain. Counties with the largest Latino population are Cuyahoga, Franklin, Lucas and Lorain.

OH 2.2

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor and one (1) of two (2) U.S. Senate seats. Republicans control 11 of 18 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 9-vote majority in the Senate and a 7-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are seven (7) Latino elected officials in the state. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Governor

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Vacant

Latino civic participation in Ohio runs about even with the state’s rate of Latino population growth. There are 113,000 Latinos registered to vote, which are slightly more than two-thirds of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 5th, 9th, 10th, and 13th congressional districts with a population ranging from 20,000-30,000 in each district. The Latino community is concentrated in one (1) state senate and two (2) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state with the help of 35% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Neither the Governor nor the state’s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, which should impact the dynamics of the presidential election.

376

Ohio

Current Political Issues Ohio was among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. HB 119 defines state benefits for immigrants in terms of public education and for migrant workers mostly in terms of childcare and healthcare. The state has never established an official language. Social Demographics • 25.9% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 34.4% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 26.9, compared to 39.4 for whites and 31.5 for blacks. • 9.9% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 6.0% for whites and 15.2% for blacks. • 73.7% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 26.3% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $37,439 compared to $47,508 for whites and $27,140 for blacks. • 80.2% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 3.7% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 87.3% that are white and 16.9% that are black. • 49.2% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 50.8% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 7,107 Latino-owned businesses in Ohio in 2002 with 1.4 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 10% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 8% decrease in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 1,346 Latino businesses with 11,846 paid employees and an annual payroll of 296 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Ohio was 4.4 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 6.1 billion dollars by 2009.

Ohio

377

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

90.24%

150000 5.82% 0

100

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 120000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 3.1% 2.3% 90000

11.8% 82.8%

60000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

Central American South American Other Latino

356,868

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

30000

Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban

9,506,469 1,348,907 265,762

137,456 69,657 4,296

51.72% 26.20% 1.62%

14,728 12,825

5.54% 4.83%

26,800

10.08%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

10,847,115

139,696

2006

11,478,006

265,762

5.82%

90.24%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

19.98%

378

Ohio

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Cleveland

478,403

34,728

7.30%

2. Columbus

711,470

17,471

2.50%

3. Toledo

313,619

17,141

5.50%

4. Lorain

68,652

14,438

21.00%

5. Youngstown

82,026

4,282

5.20%

6. Cincinnati

331,285

4,230

1.30%

7. Dayton

166,179

2,626

1.60%

8. Akron

217,074

2,513

1.20%

17,503

2,256

12.90%

17,375

2,140

12.30%

9. Painesville 10. Fremont

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Cuyahoga County

50,354

3.80%

31,447

60.10%

Franklin County

38,357

3.50%

9,236

315.30%

County

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Lucas County

22,642

5.10%

15,658

44.60%

Lorain County

21,501

7.10%

15,261

40.90%

Hamilton County

144.60%

12,715

1.50%

5,198

Montgomery County

8,756

1.60%

4,539

92.90%

Mahoning County

8,265

3.30%

5,946

39.00%

Butler County

8,197

2.30%

1,467

458.80%

Lake County

6,284

2.70%

1,469

327.80%

Summit County

6,083

1.10%

3,017

101.60%

Wood County

4,771

3.80%

2,882

65.50%

Sandusky County

4,576

7.40%

3,544

29.10%

Stark County

4,024

1.10%

2,755

46.10%

Warren County

3,281

1.60%

524

526.10%

Defiance County

3,017

7.70%

2,673

12.90%

Huron County

2,851

4.70%

1,006

183.40%

continued on next page

Ohio

379

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Ashtabula County

2,795

2.70%

1,538

81.70%

Fulton County

2,589

6.00%

1,842

40.60%

Delaware County

2,584

1.60%

336

669.00%

Hancock County

2,477

3.40%

1,680

47.40%

Greene County

2,473

1.60%

1,379

79.30%

Clark County

2,230

1.60%

970

129.90%

County

Seneca County

2,184

3.80%

1,676

30.30%

Clermont County

2,122

1.10%

721

194.30%

Trumbull County

1,960

0.90%

1,454

34.80%

Medina County

1,888

1.10%

711

165.50%

Erie County

1,870

2.40%

1,180

58.50%

Henry County

1,817

6.20%

1,332

36.40%

Allen County

1,775

1.70%

1,240

43.10%

Fairfield County

1,738

1.20%

489

255.40% 19.10%

Putnam County

1,689

4.90%

1,418

Ottawa County

1,671

4.00%

1,491

12.10%

Licking County

1,442

0.90%

604

138.70%

Columbiana County

1,427

1.30%

405

252.30%

Richland County

1,361

1.10%

903

50.70%

Portage County

1,246

0.80%

798

56.10%

Williams County

1,222

3.20%

826

47.90%

Wayne County

1,172

1.00%

429

173.20%

Miami County

1,120

1.10%

366

206.00%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

209,000

130,000

100,000

90,000

30,000

Nov. 2006

216,000

172,000

113,000

59,000

380

Ohio

%,%#4)/. #!,%.$!2 Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary February 4, 2008 Democratic Primary Election March 4, 2008 Republican Primary Election March 4, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 3, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

%,%#4/2!, #/,,%'% 6/4% 20

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

7.4%

,!4)./ %,%#4%$ /&&)#)!,3 ). U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Steve Chabot (R)

607,676

1.80%

28.60%

District 2

Jean Schmidt (R)

672,493

0.90%

4.50%

8.60%

District 3

Mike Turner (R)

640,498

1.80%

17.10%

21.80%

District 4

Jim Jordan (R)

632,354

1.40%

4.90%

9.00%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 34.40%

District 6

Charlie Wilson (D)

630,691

0.80%

2.50%

5.20%

District 7

Dave Hobson (R)

656,162

1.60%

8.70%

13.60%

District 8

John Boehner (R)

651,916

1.70%

5.40%

10.00%

District 9

Marcy Kaptur (D)

624,654

4.50%

14.60%

21.60%

District 10

Dennis Kucinich (D)

605,915

6.00%

6.40%

16.00%

District 11

Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D)

565,890

2.10%

58.90%

65.00%

District 12

Pat Tiberi (R)

696,548

2.00%

22.00%

29.00%

District 13

Betty Sutton (D)

647,827

3.60%

12.30%

19.20%

continued on next page

Ohio

381

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY (continued) District

Congressional Representative

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 14

Steve LaTourette (R)

653,423

1.80%

3.30%

7.60%

District 15

Deborah Pryce (R)

652,582

3.90%

8.80%

18.30%

District 16

Ralph Regula (R)

651,351

1.00%

4.80%

8.00%

District 17

Tim Ryan (D)

609,894

1.90%

11.60%

16.50%

District 18

Zack Space (D)

641,139

0.70%

1.80%

4.40%

11,478,006

2.30%

12.10%

17.50%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0 State House District 10

13.20% District 13

10.60% District 56

13.90%

Oklahoma

383

Oklahoma Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Oklahoma is among the fastest growing in the nation, growing at a rate almost 20 times faster than the general population since 1990 and accounting for approximately 37% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Oklahoma City and Tulsa. Counties with the largest Latino population include Oklahoma and Tulsa.

OK 6.4

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor. Republicans control both seats in the U.S. Senate and four (4) of five (5) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, the Senate is evenly split and Republicans have a 13-vote majority in the House. The state was very active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation has increased, but has not kept up with the growth in population because of the high number of non-citizens of voting age. There are 37,000 Latinos are registered to vote, more than 50% of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th congressional districts with a population ranging from 30,000-50,000 in each district. The 2004 Presidential Election George Bush carried the state with 74% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Oklahoma. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

384

Oklahoma

Current Political Issues Oklahoma was among 17 states to pass a law pertaining to education. SB 820 modifies eligibility requirements and requires United States citizenship or lawful presence for the Oklahoma Higher Learning Access Program. Oklahoma was also among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. SB 920 authorizes issuance of an armed private investigator license and requirements, which include being a U.S. citizen or legal resident immigrant. Oklahoma was also among 10 states to pass a law pertaining to law enforcement. HB 1618 states that police or peace officer certification requires that the trainee has provided proof of U.S. citizenship or resident immigrant status, pursuant to employment eligibility verification from the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. Oklahoma was the only state to pass a comprehensive measure, HB 1804, which creates the Oklahoma Taxpayer and Citizen Protection Act. The Act restricts access to driver’s licenses, ID cards or other licenses; terminates several forms of public assistance and places tighter restrictions on higher education benefits and provides for exceptions with respect to emergency care, disaster assistance and certain immunizations; requires state and local government’s law enforcement to enforce federal immigration law; makes it a felony to harbor, transport, conceal or shelter unauthorized immigrants and provides for fines; creates a rebutable presumption that unauthorized immigrants are a flight risk with respect to bond determinations; requires verification of employment eligibility using the electronic employment verification system; and provides for a discrimination cause of action for the discharge of a U.S. citizen while retaining an unauthorized immigrant on the payroll. Social Demographics • 40.3% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 38.1% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.3, compared to 40.1 for whites and 29.5 for blacks. • 6.6% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.8% for whites and 13.6% for blacks. • 64.7% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 35.3% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos was $29,838 compared to $42,085 for whites and $24,119 for blacks. • 67.0% of Latinos were U.S. citizens. • 11.4% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 71.1% that are white and 10.3% that are black. • 48.4% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 51.6% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 5,442 Latino-owned businesses in Oklahoma in 2002 with 1.1 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 25% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 48% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 945 Latino businesses with 8,161 paid employees and an annual payroll of 156 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Oklahoma totaled 3.1 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to exceed 4.8 billion dollars per year by 2009.

Oklahoma

385

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

184.15%

250000 13.79% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 200000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

150000

13.9% 72.0%

6.8% 7.3% 100000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

General Population

Central American South American Other Latino

260,898 244,822 496,045

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

50000

Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban

2,577,447

201,317

82.23%

8,349 1,727 10,209 5,746

3.40% 0.71% 4.17% 2.35%

17,474

7.14%

Latino Population

1990

3,145,585

86,160

2006

3,579,212

244,822

13.79%

184.15%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

36.59%

386

Oklahoma

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Oklahoma City

506,132

51,368

10.20%

2. Tulsa

393,049

28,111

7.20%

3. Lawton

92,757

8,719

9.40%

4. Guymon

10,472

4,018

38.40%

5. Norman

95,694

3,723

3.90%

6. Altus

21,447

3,699

17.20%

7. Broken Arrow

74,859

2,664

3.60%

8. Enid

47,045

2,232

4.70%

9. Midwest City

54,088

2,192

4.10%

41,138

2,098

5.10%

10. Moore

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Oklahoma County

82,331

11.90%

25,452

223.50%

Tulsa County

51,533

8.90%

11,958

330.90%

Cleveland County

11,908

5.20%

4,655

155.80%

Comanche County

9,382

8.60%

6,923

35.50%

Texas County

7,890

39.00%

1,634

382.90%

Canadian County

5,045

5.00%

1,921

162.60%

Jackson County

4,794

18.40%

3,325

44.20%

Garfield County

3,515

6.20%

1,086

223.70% 605.00%

County

Le Flore County

2,954

5.90%

419

Custer County

2,854

11.20%

1,625

75.60%

Muskogee County

2,678

3.80%

873

206.80%

Cherokee County

2,605

5.80%

470

454.30%

Wagoner County

2,425

3.70%

638

280.10%

Caddo County

2,361

7.90%

1,430

65.10%

Rogers County

2,336

2.80%

618

278.00%

Kay County

2,328

5.10%

851

173.60%

continued on next page

Oklahoma

387

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Stephens County

2,081

4.80%

943

120.70%

Pottawatomie County

2,065

3.00%

990

108.60%

Washington County

1,896

3.90%

788

140.60%

Grady County

1,831

3.60%

728

151.50%

Payne County

1,820

2.50%

917

98.50%

McClain County

1,734

5.60%

578

200.00%

County

Marshall County

1,717

11.80%

275

524.40%

Carter County

1,691

3.60%

781

116.50%

Creek County

1,602

2.30%

660

142.70%

Tillman County

1,591

18.80%

1,461

8.90%

Bryan County

1,442

3.80%

465

210.10%

Kingfisher County

1,407

9.80%

407

245.70%

Logan County

1,340

3.60%

556

141.00%

Ottawa County

1,291

3.90%

375

244.30%

McCurtain County

1,268

3.70%

459

176.30%

Beckham County

1,208

6.30%

788

53.30%

Garvin County

1,200

4.40%

331

262.50%

Woodward County

1,196

6.20%

575

108.00%

Sequoyah County

1,122

2.70%

299

275.30%

Pittsburg County

1,121

2.50%

479

134.00%

Blaine County

1,072

8.40%

287

273.50%

Osage County

1,067

2.30%

660

61.70%

Delaware County

1,042

2.60%

227

359.00%

Pontotoc County

1,038

2.90%

411

152.60%

Harmon County

732

24.10%

656

11.60%

Beaver County

726

13.60%

300

142.00%

Cimarron County

567

20.20%

412

37.60%

Harper County

355

10.60%

393.10%

388

Oklahoma

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

135,000

57,000

29,000

25,000

28,000

Nov. 2006

118,000

69,000

37,000

17,000

32,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 11, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 10, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 7

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

2.6%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

John Sullivan (R)

720,591

7.80%

9.30%

District 2

Dan Boren (D)

712,531

3.10%

3.70%

30.90%

District 3

Frank Lucas (R)

699,607

6.30%

3.80%

20.60%

District 4

Tom Cole (R)

719,073

5.60%

6.60%

23.60%

District 5

Mary Fallin (R)

727,410

11.30%

12.80%

35.70%

3,579,212

6.80%

7.30%

27.90%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 28.90%

Oklahoma

389

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 27

12.40% District 44

22.20%

District 38

10.90% District 46

22.90%

District 23

11.10% District 72

12.40% District 92

12.70%

District 52

14.10% District 88

18.00% District 93

22.30%

District 61

21.70% District 89

38.80%

State House

Oregon

391

Oregon Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Oregon continued to grow rapidly from 1990 to 2006, growing slightly over the general population and accounting for 31% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Latinos are the largest minority group in the state. Much of the population is concentrated in Portland, Salem and Hillsboro. Counties with the largest Latino population are Washington, Multnomah and Marion.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

OR 9.6

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate, and hold four (4) of five (5) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 7-vote majority in the Senate and a 2-vote majority in the House. The state was very active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 14 Latino elected officials in the state. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Republican

Governor

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

1 1

3 1

Latino civic participation growth in Oregon has increased, but has not kept up with the growth in population because of the high number of non-citizens of voting age. There are 58,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is more than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th congressional districts with a population ranging from 45,000-70,000 in each district. The Latino population is concentrated in six (6) state senate districts and 18 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with 83% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the U.S. Senate, including Oregon. Latino votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

392

Oregon

Current Political Issues Oregon adopted a resolution supporting English Plus in 1989. Oregon was among 17 states to pass a law pertaining to education. HB 2208 declares military veterans enrolled in a parttime course of study or professional training eligible for state financial aid, unless the veteran is an immigrant. The state was also among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment. HB 2247 requires that a plan be developed to eliminate the sunset of provisions related to services provided by nurse practitioners in workersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; compensation claims, and states that compensation will not be granted to individuals who are found to be in violation of U.S. immigration laws. SB 202 requires farm labor contractors to provide workersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; compensation insurance to farm workers, and requires applicants for a farm labor contractor license to provide proof that they are able to provide this insurance. Oregon was also among 13 states to pass a law pertaining to human trafficking. SB 578 defines some forms of human trafficking as a first degree offense with a maximum penalty of 20 years imprisonment or a $375,000 fine or both, and creates a Task Force to help fight human trafficking. The state was also among 31 to pass a law pertaining to ID, driverâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s license, or other licenses. SB 447 broadens the scope of the identity theft crime and false proof of U.S. citizenship and adds to the definition of another person to include that the person may be alive or deceased. Oregon was also among three (3) states to pass a law pertaining to legal services. HB 2356 makes it illegal to perform any duties that would be classified as immigration consultation without active status in the Oregon Bar. Social Demographics 45.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. 37.6% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. The median age for Latinos is 25.3, compared to 40.9 for whites and 31.3 for blacks. 7.2% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.9% for whites and 12.9% for blacks. 61.5% of Latino Spanish-speakers 5 years and older speak English well or very well, and 38.5% speak English not well or not at all. The median household income for Latinos is $35,744 compared to $47,656 for whites and $29,293 for blacks. 61.2% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. 19.0% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 79.9% that are white and 2.5% that are black. 42.0% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 58.0% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 6,339 Latino-owned businesses in Oregon in 2002 with 1.4 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 6% increase in Latino-owned firms since 1997, and a 35% increase in sales. In addition there were 1,295 Latino businesses with 8,272 paid employees with a total annual payroll of 216 million dollars. Latino buying power in 2004 totaled 4.7 billion and is projected to increase to 7.6 billion dollars by 2009.

Oregon

393

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

236.3%

350000 30.2% 0

100

150

200

250

Percent Change Latino

300000

Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

250000

7.3% 200000

10.2% 80.8% 1.6%

150000 Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

100000

2,989,235 60,985 379,034 271,504

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 50000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

317,961 5,811

83.89% 1.50%

2,320 18,550

0.61% 4.89%

7,384 27,008

1.95% 7.13%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

2,842,321

112,707

2006

3,700,758

379,034

30.2%

236.3%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

31.02%

394

Oregon

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

1. Portland

529121

36058

Percent Latino 6.80%

2. Salem

136924

19973

14.60%

3. Hillsboro

70186

13262

18.90%

4. Gresham

90205

10732

11.90%

5. Woodburn

20100

10064

50.10%

6. Beaverton

76129

8463

11.10%

7. Eugene

137893

6843

5.00%

8. Medford

63154

5841

9.20%

9. Aloha

41741

5396

12.90%

10. Keizer

32203

3950

12.30%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Washington County

74,372

14.50%

14,401

416.40%

Multnomah County

68,805

10.10%

18,390

274.10%

Marion County

66,546

21.40%

18,225

265.10%

Clackamas County

24,953

6.70%

7,129

250.00%

County

Lane County

19,818

5.90%

6,852

189.20%

Jackson County

16,422

8.30%

5,949

176.00%

Umatilla County

13,389

18.40%

5,307

152.30%

Yamhill County

12,655

13.40%

4,129

206.50%

Malheur County

8,476

27.10%

5,155

64.40%

Deschutes County

8,020

5.40%

1,526

425.60%

Polk County

7,904

10.80%

2,802

182.10%

Linn County

6,191

5.60%

2,177

184.40%

Klamath County

5,725

8.60%

2,984

91.90%

Hood River County

5,565

25.80%

2,752

102.20%

Benton County

4,527

5.70%

1,735

160.90%

Josephine County

4,360

5.30%

1,749

149.30%

continued on next page

Oregon

395

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Douglas County

4,174

4.00%

2,225

87.60%

Jefferson County

3,919

19.30%

1,448

170.60%

Morrow County

3,352

28.50%

825

306.30%

Lincoln County

3,104

6.70%

598

419.10%

Coos County

2,777

4.30%

1,353

105.20%

Wasco County

2,754

11.60%

1,065

158.60% 252.90%

Clatsop County

2,287

6.10%

648

Tillamook County

1,895

7.50%

374

406.70%

Columbia County

1,767

3.60%

684

158.30%

Crook County

1,560

6.80%

388

302.10%

Curry County

1,065

4.80%

354

200.80%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

165,000

79,000

41,000

36,000

38,000

Nov. 2006

169,000

99,000

58,000

43,000

41,000

396

Oregon

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary April 29, 2008 Democratic Primary Election May 20, 2008 Republican Primary Election May 20, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 14, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 7

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

2.6%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

David Wu (D)

769,808

12.20%

1.10%

District 2

Greg Walden (R)

747,548

10.10%

0.30%

15.80%

District 3

Earl Blumenauer (D)

717,243

10.40%

5.20%

25.50%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 23.10%

District 4

Peter DeFazio (D)

716,358

5.40%

0.80%

12.30%

District 5

Darlene Hooley (D)

749,801

12.90%

1.00%

19.40%

3,700,758

10.20%

1.70%

19.20%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Oregon

397

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 11

28.70% District 22

10.20% District 29

13.00%

District 15

18.60% District 25

11.40% District 30

13.00%

State House District 18

10.50% District 28

13.80% District 50

10.70%

District 20

10.30% District 29

29.00% District 52

11.50%

District 21

17.20% District 34

10.00% District 57

10.90%

District 22

39.80% District 43

8.30% District 58

15.10%

District 24

11.50% District 44

12.20% District 59

10.50%

District 25

11.80% District 49

12.00% District 60

15.60%

Pennsylvania

399

Pennsylvania Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Pennsylvania has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 31 times faster than the general population and accounting for 52% of the state’s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Philadelphia, Reading and Allentown. Counties with the largest Latino population are Philadelphia, Berks, Lehigh and Lancaster.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

PA 3.7

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, one (1) of two (2) U.S. Senate seats, and 11 of 19 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have an 8-vote majority in the Senate and Democrats have a 1-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 13 Latino elected officials in the state, including the Secretary of State, Pedro Cortes. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

1 8

State Senate

State House

102

101

1 4 1

Latino civic participation in Pennsylvania has not kept up with the state’s rate of Latino population growth. There are 119,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 1st congressional district with a population of 100,000. The Latino community is concentrated in three (3) state senate and 13 state representative districts. There are 19 African American and Latino state legislators. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with the help of 72% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Neither the Governor nor the state’s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, which should impact the dynamics of the presidential election.

400

Pennsylvania

Current Political Issues Pennsylvania was among 17 states to pass a law pertaining to education. HB 1286 appropriates $40 million in federal funds for immigrant language instruction, and HB 1295 establishes a receipt account for emergency immigration education assistance. The state was among 31 to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s license or other licenses. HB 842 waives the usual citizenship requirement for teachers employed in public schools and who speak the language or idiom of immigrant children and are employed for easing their transition to English. The state has never established an official language. Social Demographics • 22.5% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 35.5% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 26.2, compared to 41.8 for whites and 32.0 for blacks. • 9.9% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.1% for whites and 14.6% for blacks. • 75.9% of Latino Spanish-speakers 5 years and older speak English ‘well or very well’, and 24.1% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $32,454 compared to $49,054 for whites and $29,111 for blacks. • 84.6% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 7.3% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 85.6% that are white and 15.0% that are black. • 46.3% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 53.7% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 6,399 Latino-owned businesses in Pennsylvania in 2002 with 1.4 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 6% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 35% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 1,643 Latino businesses with 10,865 paid employees and an annual payroll of 318 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Pennsylvania was 7.4 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 10.8 billion dollars by 2009.

Pennsylvania

401

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

126.96%

300000 4.7% 0

120

150

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

250000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 200000

3.6% 4.2% 10.2% 82.0%

150000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

100000

10,201,475 1,263,313 527,142 448,691

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 50000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

85,699

16.26%

290,568 11,704 24,208 38,121

55.10% 2.22% 4.59% 7.23%

76,842

14.58%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

11,881,643

232,262

2006

12,440,621

527,142

4.7%

126.96%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

52.75%

402

Pennsylvania

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

1,517,550

128,928

8.50%

81,207

30,302

37.30%

1. Philadelphia 2. Reading

Percent Latino

3. Allentown

106,632

26,058

24.40%

4. Lancaster

56,348

17,331

30.80%

5. Bethlehem

71,329

13,002

18.20%

6. York

40,862

7,026

17.20%

7. Harrisburg

48,950

5,724

11.70%

8. Erie

103,717

4,572

4.40%

9. Pittsburgh

334,563

4,425

1.30%

24,461

4,019

16.40%

10. Lebanon

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

151,570

10.50%

89,193

69.90%

51,436

12.80%

17,174

199.50%

Lehigh County

48,288

14.40%

15,001

221.90%

Lancaster County

32,895

6.70%

15,639

110.30%

County Philadelphia County Berks County

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Northampton County

24,092

8.30%

11,591

107.90%

Montgomery County

22,303

2.90%

8,357

166.90%

Chester County

20,764

4.30%

8,565

142.40%

Bucks County

19,262

3.10%

8,895

116.50%

Monroe County

18,337

11.10%

2,052

793.60%

York County

16,414

3.90%

5,165

217.80%

Allegheny County

15,092

1.20%

8,731

72.90%

Dauphin County

12,910

5.10%

6,024

114.30%

Delaware County

11,332

2.00%

5,998

88.90%

Luzerne County

10,246

3.30%

2,023

406.50%

Lebanon County

7,834

6.20%

2,666

193.80%

Erie County

7,015

2.50%

3,364

108.50%

continued on next page

Pennsylvania

403

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Adams County

5,206

5.10%

1,216

328.10%

Lackawanna County

5,026

2.40%

1,089

361.50% 219.90%

Cumberland County

4,334

1.90%

1,355

Pike County

4,325

7.40%

651

564.40%

Franklin County

3,790

2.70%

1,065

255.90%

Centre County

2,849

2.00%

1,350

111.00%

Schuylkill County

2,447

1.70%

677

261.40%

Westmoreland County

2,189

0.60%

1,359

61.10%

Union County

1,882

4.30%

638

195.00%

Beaver County

1,628

0.90%

1,124

44.80%

Cambria County

1,554

1.10%

985

57.80%

Washington County

1,512

0.70%

1,186

27.50%

Butler County

1,469

0.80%

563

160.90%

Carbon County

1,427

2.30%

509

180.40%

Northumberland County

1,365

1.50%

532

156.60%

Wayne County

1,192

2.30%

371

221.30%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

255,000

179,000

95,000

88,000

84,000

Nov. 2006

313,000

275,000

119,000

78,000

156,000

404

Pennsylvania

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary March 24, 2008 Democratic Primary Election April 22, 2008 Republican Primary Election April 22, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 6, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 21

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

7.8%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 1

Bob Brady (D)

638,440

17.30%

48.60%

72.80%

District 2

Chaka Fattah (D)

558,248

3.70%

60.70%

71.00%

District 3

Phil English (R)

647,048

1.50%

3.60%

6.90%

District 4

Jason Altmire (D)

647,512

0.90%

3.70%

7.20%

District 5

John Peterson (R)

636,283

1.00%

1.70%

4.90%

District 6

Jim Gerlach (R)

698,397

5.70%

7.50%

18.00%

District 7

Joe Sestak (D)

670,030

1.70%

8.30%

16.20%

District 8

Patrick Murphy (D)

669,698

3.10%

3.60%

11.10%

District 9

Bill Shuster (R)

660,817

1.30%

1.80%

4.30%

District 10

Chris Carney (D)

649,330

2.00%

2.30%

6.10%

District 11

Paul Kanjorski (D)

678,247

5.10%

4.40%

11.70%

District 12

John Murtha (D)

630,732

0.70%

3.50%

5.80%

District 13

Allyson Schwartz (D)

673,537

4.70%

9.00%

21.30%

continued on next page

Pennsylvania

405

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY (continued) District

Congressional Representative

District 14

Mike Doyle (D)

584,384

1.50%

23.60%

29.90%

District 15

Charles Dent (R)

702,359

10.50%

3.80%

17.90%

District 16

Joe Pitts (R)

684,119

10.10%

4.20%

17.00%

District 17

Tim Holden (D)

662,053

4.10%

7.50%

14.30%

District 18

Tim Murphy (R)

649,736

0.90%

2.70%

6.10%

District 19

Todd Platts (R)

699,651

3.60%

3.40%

9.90%

12,440,621

4.20%

10.70%

18.50%

Population

STATEWIDE TOTALS

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 2:

30.30% District 11:

13.70% District 16:

11.70%

District 95

12.10% District 132

26.90% District 179

29.30%

District 96

29.60% District 133

16.90% District 180

62.70% 27.80%

State House

District 103

10.60% District 135

13.80% District 181

District 126

14.30% District 175

12.80%

District 127

37.30% District 177

11.30%

Rhode island

407

Rhode Island Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Rhode Island has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 23 times faster than the general population and accounting for 112% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Providence, Pawtucket and Central Falls. The county with the largest Latino population is Providence.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

RI 10. 5

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor. Democrats control both seats in the U.S. Senate and both seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats outnumber Republicans 6-to-1 in the Senate and 4-to-1 in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 10 Latino elected officials in the state, including four (4) state legislators. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor U.S. Senate

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

1 2

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in Rhode Island has not kept up with the rate of growth in the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population. There are 25,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is more than half of the citizen voting age population. The Latino community is not particularly concentrated in any congressional, state senate or state representative district. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the U.S. Senate, including Rhode Island. The gubernatorial reelection campaign could be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

408

Rhode island

Current Political Issues Rhode Island was among 13 states to pass legislation pertaining to human trafficking. HB 5881 defines human trafficking and involuntary servitude as a criminal offense. SB 692 elaborates on the definition, addresses child victims, and provides for fines and imprisonment. Rhode Island was also among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. HB 6161 states that a Rhode Island license or identification card will be provided to residents 21 years of age or older provided the applicant can prove he or she is a U.S. citizen or legal resident immigrant. Rhode Island adopted an “English Plus” resolution in 1992. Social Demographics • 43.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 35.8% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.9, compared to 41.6 for whites and 28.1 for blacks. • 10.1% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.2% for whites and 8.1% for blacks. • 64.8% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 35.2% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $30,499 compared to $55,984 for whites and $35,183 for blacks. • 69.1% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 19.6% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 78.2% that are white and 7.6% that are black. • 28.1% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 71.9% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 3,415 Latino-owned businesses in Rhode Island in 2002 with 214 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 56% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 3% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 298 Latino businesses with 1,185 paid employees and an annual payroll of 28 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Rhode Island was 1.5 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 2.2 billion dollars by 2009.

Rhode island

409

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

157.27%

40000 6.39% 0 35000

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

30000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

25000

5.4% 11.0% 78.9%

20000

4.6%

15000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

842,726 49,272 117,708 57,904

10000

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 General Population

5000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican

8,313 33,685

7.06% 28.60%

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

2,502 17,661

2.13% 15.00%

16,543 39,004

14.05% 33.14%

Latino Population

1990

1,003,464

45,752

2006

1,067,610

117,708

6.39%

157.27%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

112.18%

410

Rhode island

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Providence

173,618

52,146

30.00%

2. Pawtucket

72,958

10,141

13.90%

3. Central Falls

18,928

9,041

47.80%

4. Cranston

79,269

3,613

4.60%

5. Newport

26,475

1,467

5.50%

6. Warwick

85,808

1,372

1.60%

7. North Providence

32,411

1,247

3.80%

8. East Providence

48,688

922

1.90%

9. West Warwick

29,581

918

3.10%

77,906

1,092

1.40%

10. Tuscaloosa

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

107,600

16.90%

40,569

165.20%

4,317

2.50%

1,737

148.50%

Newport County

2,528

3.10%

1,712

47.70%

Washington County

2,407

1.90%

1,062

126.60%

County Providence County Kent County

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

58,000

28,000

17,000

13,000

11,000

Nov. 2006

77,000

44,000

25,000

19,000

Rhode island

411

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary February 4, 2008 Democratic Primary Election March 4, 2008 Republican Primary Election March 4, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 4, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 4

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.5%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Patrick Kennedy (D)

534,128

10.10%

5.40%

21.10%

District 2

Jim Langevin (D)

533,482

11.90%

3.80%

21.00%

1,067,610

11.00%

4.60%

21.10%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 2

46.70% District 5

42.20% District 16

District 3

44.40% District 6

18.00%

District 4

30.50% District 15

17.40%

39.30%

412

Rhode island

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER (continued) State House District 1

30.60% District 9

District 4

6.20% District 10

52.10% District 57

13.40%

44.40% District 58

16.70%

District 5

14.10% District 11

53.30% District 59

17.40%

District 6

18.50% District 12

41.60% District 60

15.70%

District 7

26.40% District 13

32.10% District 62

12.50%

District 8

36.20% District 56

51.80% District 73

8.50%

South carolina

413

South Carolina Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in South Carolina has continued its rapid rate of growth since 1990, growing at a rate 18 times faster than the general population and accounting for 16% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Hilton Head Island, Columbia, and North Charleston. Counties with the largest Latino population are Greenville, Beaufort and Spartanburg.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

SC 3.0

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and four (4) of six (6) seats in U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have an 8-vote majority in the Senate and a 21-vote majority in the House. The state was among the most active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There is (1) Latino state legislator. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

1 8 1

Latino civic participation in South Carolina has not kept up with the growth in population because non-citizens comprise a substantial percentage of the voting age population. As a result, only 10,000 are registered to vote, which is less than a third of the citizen voting age population. Latinos reside in the 1st, 2nd and 4th congressional districts with a population of approximately 15,000-20,000 in each district. The Latino community is also concentrated in two (2) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including South Carolina. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the

414

South carolina

senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues South Carolina was among the first states to make English the official language (1987). South Carolina was among 17 states to pass legislation pertaining to education. HB 3620 specifies that undocumented immigrants may not receive tuition assistance, scholarships, or any form of student aid for higher education. South Carolina was also among 31 states that passed laws pertaining to identification, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. SB 449 states that South Carolina will not participate in implementation of the Real ID Act that would otherwise seek to define citizenship and alien status in the United States. South Carolina was also among 18 states to adopt resolutions. HB 3989 memorializes Congress to repeal or decline implementation of the Real ID Act and to oppose the creation of a federal national identification card. SB 531 requests the governor of South Carolina to declare by executive order that no undocumented immigrant is eligible to receive services or assistance provided by the department of social services or any other agency to the extent allowed by law. Social Demographics • 53.9% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 32.7% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 26.5, compared to 40.4 for whites and 32.5 for blacks. • 5.3% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, is unemployed compared to 5.0% for whites and 13.6% for blacks. • 56.5% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 43.5% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $35,313 compared to $48,295 for whites and $26,473 for blacks. • 51.9% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 4.7% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 64.6% that are white and 37.8% that are black. • 36.4% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 63.6% are renter-occupied Business Demographics There were 3,019 Latino-owned businesses in South Carolina in 2002 with 694 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 48% increase in the number of firms since 1997 and a 177% increase in sales, respectively. In 2002 there were 682 Latino businesses with 5,603 paid employees and an annual payroll of 130 million dollars. From 1990 to 2004 Latino purchasing power in South Carolina increased 456%, the 9th fastest rate of growth in the nation. In 2004 Latino purchasing power totaled 2.1 billion and is projected to reach 3.5 billion in 2009.

South carolina

,!4)./ /2)'). 0/05,!4)/. "9 !.#%3429 ).

415

,!4)./ !.$ 34!4% 0/05,!4)/. ).#2%!3% t 386.5%

100000 23.94% 0

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

80000

34!4% 0/05,!4)/. "9 2!#% !.$ ,!4)./ /2)').

2.7% 3.4%

60000

65.3%

28.6%

40000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

General Population

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

115,538

34!4% !.$ ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. 0%2#%.4 #(!.'% t

20000

Mexican Puerto Rican

2,823,274 1,233,805 148,632

93,660

63.01%

15,083 2,493 17,182 11,557

10.10% 1.68% 11.56% 7.78%

8,657

5.82%

Latino Population

1990

3,486,703

30,551

2006

4,321,249

148,632

23.94%

386.5%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

14.15%

416

South carolina

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

33,862

3,886

11.50%

116,278

3,520

3.00%

3. North Charleston

79,641

3,163

4.00%

4. Greenville

56,002

1,927

3.40%

5. Berea

14,158

1,902

13.40%

6. Charleston

96,650

1,462

1.50%

7. Greenwood

22,071

1,440

6.50%

8. Greer city

16,843

1,377

8.20%

9. Wade Hampton

20,458

1,255

6.10%

49,765

1,236

2.50%

1. Hilton Head Island 2. Columbia

10. Rock Hill

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Greenville County

25,784

6.20%

3,028

751.50%

Beaufort County

12,618

8.90%

2,168

482.00%

Spartanburg County

12,149

4.50%

1,521

698.80%

Richland County

11,635

3.30%

4,647

150.40%

Charleston County

10,826

3.30%

3,873

179.50%

County

Horry County

9,300

3.90%

1,259

638.70%

Lexington County

7,783

3.20%

1,302

497.80%

York County

6,292

3.20%

735

756.10%

Aiken County

4,916

3.20%

867

467.00%

Berkeley County

4,355

2.90%

2,599

67.60%

Dorchester County

3,272

2.80%

1,040

214.60%

Anderson County

3,175

1.80%

559

468.00%

Greenwood County

2,981

4.40%

251

1087.60%

Pickens County

2,926

2.60%

571

412.40%

Newberry County

2,832

7.50%

147

1826.50%

Saluda County

2,405

12.60%

2696.50%

continued on next page

South carolina

417

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Oconee County

2,354

3.30%

528

345.80%

Jasper County

2,258

10.40%

3172.50% 925.60%

Laurens County

2,164

3.10%

211

Sumter County

2,000

1.90%

1,239

61.40%

Lancaster County

1,852

2.90%

212

773.60%

Florence County

1,736

1.30%

508

241.70%

Cherokee County

1,505

2.80%

259

481.10%

Georgetown County

1,390

2.30%

187

643.30% 753.80%

Chesterfield County

1,366

3.20%

160

Kershaw County

1,344

2.30%

245

448.60%

Orangeburg County

1,041

1.10%

331

214.50%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

52,000

16,000

13,000

3,000

Nov. 2006

152,000

36,000

10,000

7,000

26,000

418

South carolina

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary December 19, 2007 Democratic Primary or Caucus January 26, 2008 Republican Primary or Caucus January 19, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 4, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 8

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

3.0%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Henry Brown Jr. (R)

763,712

3.50%

20.10%

District 2

Joe Wilson (R)

752,019

4.70%

27.40%

35.10%

District 3

J. Gresham Barrett (R)

694,968

3.00%

19.50%

24.70%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 26.90%

District 4

Bob Inglis (R)

721,877

5.30%

19.60%

28.00%

District 5

John Spratt (D)

711,714

2.50%

31.10%

35.90%

District 6

Jim Clyburn (D)

676,959

1.40%

55.50%

58.90%

4,321,249

3.40%

28.90%

34.90%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0 State House District 123

11.30%

South dakota

419

South Dakota Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in South Dakota has continued to grow rapidly since 1990, growing over 20 times faster than the general population and accounting for 17% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population, however sparse, is concentrated in Sioux Falls and Rapid City. Counties with the largest Latino population are Minnehaha and Pennington.

SD 1.7

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor and one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate. Democrats control the only seat in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 5-vote majority in the Senate and a 30-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There is no Latino elected official in the state. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in South Dakota is on a comparatively small scale in terms of registered voters. There are 36,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is less than half of the citizen voting age population. Like all South Dakotans, all Latinos reside within the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s single congressional district. The percent of Latinos in all legislative districts remains in the single digits. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the U.S. Senate, including South Dakota. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

420

South dakota

Current Political Issues South Dakota established English as the official language in 1995. South Dakota was among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s license or other licenses. SB 180 provides for the recognition of certain adoption orders from foreign jurisdictions. It provides for the issuance of birth certificates for certain inter-country adoptions under certain conditions as a means of identification and proof of citizenship. Social Demographics • 37.6% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 37.4% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.4, compared to 39.9 for whites and 29.4 for blacks. • 61.2% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 38.8% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $37,786 compared to $44,448 for whites and $48,623 for blacks. • 70.4% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 4.1% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 87.3% that are white and 1.3% that are black. • 34.0% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 66.0% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 355 Latino-owned businesses in South Dakota in 2002 with 47 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 36% increase in Latino-owned firms from 1997 to 2002 and a 108% increase in sales. In 2002 there were 98 Latino businesses with 660 paid employees. Latino purchasing power in South Dakota was 209 million dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 323 million dollars by 2009.

South dakota

421

195.96%

10000 12.34% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 8000

10.8% 6000

2.0% 0.7% 86.5%

4000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

676,671 5,157 15,544 84,547

2000 General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

9,444 1,152

60.76% 7.40%

205 2,714

1.32% 17.46%

254 1,175

1.63% 11.42%

Latino Population

1990

696,004

5,252

2006

781,919

15,544

Percent Increase 1990-2006

12.34%

195.96%

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

11.98%

422

South dakota

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Sioux Falls

123,975

3,087

2.50%

2. Rapid City

59,607

1,650

2.80%

3. Yankton

13,528

333

2.50%

4. Ellsworth

4,165

276

6.60%

5. Watertown

20,237

259

1.30%

6. Aberdeen

24,658

196

0.80%

7,043

177

2.50%

13,876

173

1.30%

4,565

169

3.70%

8,606

149

1.70%

7. Rapid Valley 8. Pierre 9. Belle Fourche 10. Spearfish

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Minnehaha County

5,978

Pennington County

2,974

County

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

3.70%

648

822.50%

3.20%

1,777

67.40%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

10,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

Nov. 2006

11,000

9,000

6,000

4,000

3,000

South dakota

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary May 19, 2008 Democratic Primary Election June 3, 2008 Republican Primary Election June 3, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 20, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 3

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.1%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Population

Hispanic

AfricanTotal % American Minority

At Large

Stephanie Herseth (D)

781,919

2.00%

0.70%

13.50%

781,919

2.00%

0.70%

13.50%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0, State House = 0

423

Tennessee

425

Tennessee 0ERCENT (ISPANIC BY 3TATE Political Demographics The Latino population in Tennessee is among the fastest growing in the nation, growing at a rate 20 times faster than the general population since 1990 and accounting for 16% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Nashville and Memphis. Counties with the largest Latino population include Davidson and Shelby.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

TN 2.9

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor. Republicans control both seats in the U.S. Senate. Democrats control five (5) of nine (9) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, the Senate is split evenly between both parties, leaving one (1) Independent with the balance of power. Democrats have a 7-vote majority in the House. The state was very active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. 34!4% 3425#452% Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation has not kept up with the growth in population because of the high number of non-citizens of voting age. As a result, only 13,000 are registered to vote, which represents less than 50% of the eligible voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 5th and 9th congressional districts with a population ranging from 20,000-25,000 in each district. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Tennessee. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

426

Tennessee

Current Political Issues Tennessee established English as the official language in 1984, one of the first states to do so. Tennessee was among 20 states that passed immigration-related laws pertaining to employment. HB 729 provides for administrative procedures against employers who knowingly employ undocumented immigrants, including the temporary suspension of the employer’s business license. SB 003 prohibits the use the use in the state of federal individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN) as a form of identification to prove immigration status. No person shall accept an ITIN as a form of identification and any person, including contractors, shall request the lawful resident verification information. Tennessee was also among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. HB 1827 removes provisions for certificates of driving and provides for temporary driver licenses for persons whose presence in the country has been authorized by the federal government. Tennessee was also among 10 states to pass a law pertaining to law enforcement. HB 600 prohibits the transportation of undocumented immigrants into the state, imposes a fine for such violation, and requires that money received from such fines be applied to the costs associated with deportation of such undocumented immigrants. SB 2334 allocates $100,000 in federal funds to train state highway patrol officers in immigration enforcement. Social Demographics • 52.7% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 35.8% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.7, compared to 39.7 for whites and 30.5 for blacks. • 6.5% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 6.0% for whites and 14.4% for blacks. • 56.4% of Latino Spanish-speakers 5 years and older speak English ‘well or very well’, and 43.6% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $32,049 compared to $43,163 for whites and $28,067 for blacks. • 54.7% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 4.7% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 78.0% that are white and 23.3% that are black. • 35.3% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 64.7% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 4,301 Latino-owned businesses in Tennessee in 2002 with one (1) billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented an 18% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 47% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 886 Latino businesses with 8,031 paid employees and an annual payroll of 202 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Tennessee increased 664% from 1990 to 2004, the 4th fastest rate of growth in the nation. Latino purchasing power totaled 3.1 billion dollars in 2004 and is projected to exceed 5.6 billion dollars per year by 2009.

Tennessee

427

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

473.43%

150000 23.82% 0

100

200

300

400

500

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 120000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 2.7% 3.1% 90000 16.7% 77.5%

60000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

General Population

Central American South American Other Latino

165,385

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

30000

Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban

4,677,757 1,007,914 187,747

126,694 12,923 3,155

67.48% 6.90% 1.68%

22,454 8,136

11.96% 4.33%

14,385

7.66%

Latino Population

1990

4,877,185

32,741

2006

6,038,803

187,747

23.82%

473.43%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

13.34%

428

Tennessee

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Nashville-Davidson

545,524

25,774

4.70%

2. Memphis

650,100

19,317

3.00%

3. Clarksville

103,455

6,241

6.00%

4. Chattanooga

155,554

3,281

2.10%

5. Knoxville

173,890

2,751

1.60%

6. Morristown

24,965

2,603

10.40%

7. Murfreesboro

68,816

2,430

3.50%

8. Shelbyville

16,105

2,343

14.50%

9. Franklin

41,842

2,025

4.80%

10. Columbia

33,055

1,554

4.70%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Davidson County

41,216

7.10%

4,775

763.20%

Shelby County

34,406

3.80%

7,091

385.20%

Rutherford County

1203.90%

12,074

5.30%

926

Knox County

8,227

2.00%

2,067

298.00%

Hamilton County

8,068

2.60%

1,946

314.60%

Montgomery County

6,734

4.60%

3,228

108.60%

Hamblen County

6,104

10.00%

175

3388.00%

Williamson County

5,786

3.60%

522

1008.40%

Bedford County

5,408

12.50%

172

3044.20%

Sumner County

3,907

2.60%

567

589.10%

Robertson County

3,546

5.70%

173

1949.70%

Maury County

3,408

4.40%

323

955.10%

Putnam County

3,111

4.60%

294

958.20%

Bradley County

2,870

3.10%

712

303.10%

Warren County

2,862

7.20%

276

937.00%

Madison County

2,450

2.60%

376

551.60%

continued on next page

Tennessee

429

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (cont.) (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

County

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Wilson County

2,342

2.30%

386

506.70%

Washington County

2,224

1.90%

471

372.20% 380.20%

Blount County

1,767

1.50%

368

Coffee County

1,751

3.40%

261

570.90%

Loudon County

1,688

3.80%

1933.70%

Sevier County

1,493

1.80%

237

530.00%

Sullivan County

1,255

0.80%

521

140.90%

Monroe County

1,253

2.80%

123

918.70%

Greene County

1,178

1.80%

163

622.70%

McMinn County

1,161

2.20%

174

567.20%

Marshall County

1,152

4.00%

1152.20%

Anderson County

1,139

1.50%

381

199.00%

Jefferson County

1,058

2.10%

100

958.00%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

128,000

48,000

16,000

9,000

32,000

Nov. 2006

164,000

39,000

13,000

7,000

26,000

430

Tennessee

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 11

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

3.0%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

David Davis (R)

663,745

2.10%

2.20%

6.20%

District 2

Jimmy Duncan Jr. (R)

691,763

1.80%

6.40%

11.10% 15.90%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 3

Zach Wamp (R)

655,477

2.20%

11.30%

District 4

Lincoln Davis (D)

666,443

1.80%

4.00%

7.80%

District 5

Jim Cooper (D)

653,585

6.70%

25.10%

35.80%

District 6

Bart Gordon (D)

728,517

4.40%

7.40%

14.20%

District 7

Marsha Blackburn (R)

730,252

2.50%

13.20%

19.40%

District 8

John Tanner (D)

641,358

1.90%

23.40%

27.10%

District 9

Steve Cohen (D)

607,663

4.70%

63.30%

71.30%

6,038,803

3.10%

17.40%

23.20%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0 State House = 0

Texas

431

Texas Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Texas has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate almost twice as fast than the general population and accounting for 62% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Houston, San Antonio, El Paso, Dallas and Austin. Counties with the largest Latino population are Harris, Bexar, Dallas, El Paso and Hidalgo.

TX 34.9

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate and 19 of the 32 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 9-vote majority in the Senate and a 10-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 2,165 Latino elected officials in the state, including six (6) members of Congress. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in Texas has not kept up with the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rate of Latino population growth, due to the huge number of non-citizens and the number of citizens of voting age not registered to vote. There are 2,161,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is slightly under two-thirds of the citizen voting age population. While the Latino population is concentrated in the 15th, 16th, 20th, 23rd, 27th, and 28th congressional districts, with a population ranging from 390,000-500,000 in each district, there are also an estimated 100,000 Latinos residing in 18 of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s other congressional districts. The Latino community is most heavily concentrated in 28 state senate and 135 state representative districts. Among African Americans and Latinos there are 52 state legislators and nine (9) members of Congress. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state with the help of 49% of the Latino vote.

432

Texas

The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Texas. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the campaign is hotly contested and the outcome affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Texas was one of 17 states to pass a law pertaining to education. HB 1196 restricts the use of certain public subsidies to employ undocumented workers and requires a business to certify that the business does not and will not knowingly employ an undocumented worker. Texas was one of 10 states to pass a law pertaining to law enforcement. SB 1470 establishes that if a person is convicted of a misdemeanor involving family violence and is not a citizen of the U.S., that person may be deported, excluded from admission to the U.S., and denied naturalization. The state was one of 19 to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. SB 589 makes legal status and verification a requirement for the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program. Social Demographics • 32.6% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 34.9% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 26.9, compared to 39.9 for whites and 30.6 for blacks. • 7.8% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.3% for whites and 13.0% for blacks. • 71.5% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 28.5% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $33,354 compared to $55,506 for whites and $32,159 for blacks. • 75.0% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 50.6% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 42.9% that are white and 14.4% that are black. • 58.0% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 42.0% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 319,460 Latino-owned businesses in Texas in 2002 with 42.3 billion dollars in sales and receipts, representing a 33% increase in total Latino firms and a 7% increase in sales. In 2002 there were 34,435 Latino-owned businesses with 280,301 million paid employees and an annual payroll of 6.2 billion dollars. Latino purchasing power in Texas was 119 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 175 billion dollars by 2009.

Texas

433

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

93.21%

8000000 38.39% 0 7000000

100

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

6000000

35.7% 4.8%

5000000

11.4%

48.1%

4000000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino

3000000

Other 2000000

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

1,137,028

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 General Population

Latino Population

1990

16,986,510

4,339,905

2006

23,507,783

8,385,118

38.39%

93.21%

1000000

Mexican Puerto Rican

11,309,011 2,676,626 8,385,118

7,024,667 96,034

83.78% 1.1%

35,792 371,497

0.43% 4.43%

113,397 743,191

1.36% 8.86%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

62.03%

434

Texas

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Houston

1953631

730865

37.40%

2. San Antonio

1144646

671394

58.70%

3. El Paso

563662

431875

76.60%

4. Dallas

1188580

422587

35.60%

5. Austin

656562

200579

30.50%

6. Laredo

176576

166216

94.10%

7. Fort Worth

534694

159368

29.80%

8. Corpus Christi

277454

150737

54.30%

9. Brownsville

139722

127535

91.30%

106414

85427

80.30%

10. McAllen

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County Harris County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006 130.10%

1,484,311

38.20%

644,935

Bexar County

889,658

57.20%

589,180

51.00%

Dallas County

884,561

37.70%

315,630

180.30%

Hidalgo County

626,742

89.50%

326,972

91.70%

El Paso County

599,353

81.40%

411,619

45.60%

Tarrant County

414,598

24.80%

139,879

196.40%

Cameron County

333,733

86.10%

212,995

56.70%

Travis County

299,238

32.50%

121,689

145.90%

Webb County

219,413

94.80%

125,069

75.40%

Nueces County

189,081

58.80%

152,051

24.40%

Fort Bend County

112,844

22.90%

43,892

157.10%

94,106

16.10%

19,013

395.00% 414.50%

Denton County Collin County

93,422

13.40%

18,158

Lubbock County

76,816

30.10%

51,011

50.60%

Brazoria County

72,691

25.20%

33,797

115.10%

Williamson County

71,113

20.10%

20,004

255.50%

continued on next page

Texas

435

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (cont.) (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Montgomery County

66,177

16.60%

13,237

399.90%

Ector County

61,632

48.40%

37,315

65.20%

Starr County

60,193

97.40%

39,390

52.80%

Galveston County

57,424

20.30%

30,962

85.50%

County

Maverick County

49,636

94.90%

34,024

45.90%

Bell County

49,009

19.00%

24,995

96.10% 100.60%

McLennan County

47,438

21.00%

23,643

Midland County

43,367

34.90%

22,780

90.40%

Hays County

41,344

31.70%

18,249

126.60%

Potter County

39,096

32.20%

19,246

103.10%

Val Verde County

37,830

78.60%

27,299

38.60%

Guadalupe County

36,389

33.60%

19,246

89.10%

San Patricio County

35,937

51.70%

29,809

20.60%

Tom Green County

35,213

33.90%

25,501

38.10%

Victoria County

35,136

40.80%

25,372

38.50%

Brazos County

33,199

20.90%

16,713

98.60% 157.70%

Jefferson County

32,547

13.30%

12,629

Jim Wells County

31,626

76.90%

27,201

16.30%

Ellis County

30,465

21.90%

11,243

171.00%

Smith County

28,753

14.80%

8,986

220.00%

Atascosa County

26,317

60.00%

16,064

63.80%

Taylor County

25,480

20.40%

17,511

45.50%

Comal County

24,160

23.90%

11,864

103.60%

Johnson County

22,525

15.10%

7,457

202.10%

Medina County

20,567

46.80%

12,134

69.50%

Kleberg County

20,553

67.70%

18,529

10.90%

Bastrop County

19,978

27.90%

6,933

188.20%

Hale County

18,999

52.30%

14,428

31.70%

Bee County

18,453

55.60%

12,909

42.90%

Uvalde County

18,165

67.20%

14,104

28.80%

Willacy County

17,870

86.60%

14,937

19.60%

Wichita County

17,837

14.30%

10,555

69.00%

continued on next page

436

Texas

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (cont.) (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Caldwell County

16,011

43.60%

9,988

60.30%

Randall County

14,749

13.20%

6,144

140.10%

Wilson County

14,565

37.50%

8,054

80.80%

Wharton County

14,542

35.10%

10,103

43.90% 283.50%

Gregg County

14,476

12.40%

3,775

Angelina County

14,200

17.20%

6,072

133.90%

Kaufman County

13,999

15.00%

3,340

319.10%

Howard County

13,349

41.10%

8,607

55.10%

Matagorda County

13,313

35.20%

9,088

46.50%

Frio County

12,058

73.80%

9,749

23.70%

Zapata County

12,029

88.40%

7,519

60.00%

Deaf Smith County

11,599

62.30%

9,356

24.00%

Zavala County

10,979

91.20%

10,875

1.00%

Grayson County

10,959

9.20%

2,795

292.10% 326.90%

Titus County

10,911

36.00%

2,556

Duval County

10,881

87.50%

11,267

-3.40%

Moore County

10,638

51.70%

5,693

86.90%

Liberty County

10,587

14.00%

2,880

267.60%

Kerr County

10,447

22.10%

5,994

74.30%

Navarro County

10,438

21.10%

2,891

261.10%

Pecos County

10,090

62.50%

8,331

21.10%

9,864

14.30%

1,500

557.60%

Rockwall County Walker County

9,806

15.50%

5,493

78.50%

Coryell County

9,619

13.20%

6,243

54.10%

Hockley County

9,254

40.90%

7,654

20.90%

Parker County

9,232

8.70%

2,697

242.30%

Nacogdoches County

9,185

15.00%

2,788

229.40%

Hunt County

9,067

10.90%

2,876

215.30%

Calhoun County

9,020

43.60%

6,893

30.90%

Dimmit County

8,685

83.60%

8,688

0.00%

Gonzales County

8,501

43.40%

6,142

38.40%

Cherokee County

8,442

17.40%

2,697

213.00%

continued on next page

Texas

437

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (cont.) (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Reeves County

8,275

72.20%

11,545

-28.30%

Waller County

8,114

23.10%

2,592

213.00% 196.20%

Wise County

7,887

13.60%

2,663

Anderson County

7,711

13.50%

3,953

95.10%

Karnes County

7,503

49.10%

5,916

26.80%

Henderson County

7,244

9.00%

2,368

205.90%

Dawson County

7,133

50.30%

6,120

16.60%

Brooks County

7,006

90.60%

7,338

-4.50%

Brown County

6,879

17.70%

3,799

81.10%

Burnet County

6,792

15.80%

2,440

178.40%

Lamb County

6,787

47.60%

5,509

23.20%

Presidio County

6,467

83.80%

5,417

19.40%

Hill County

5,902

16.50%

2,230

164.70%

Gaines County

5,885

39.20%

4,608

27.70%

Andrews County

5,871

45.30%

4,552

29.00%

DeWitt County

5,801

28.80%

4,567

27.00%

Terry County

5,779

46.70%

5,194

11.30%

Erath County

5,775

16.80%

2,458

134.90%

Kendall County

5,661

18.70%

2,392

136.70%

Parmer County

5,564

57.30%

4,096

35.80%

Scurry County

5,384

33.20%

4,454

20.90%

Austin County

5,376

20.40%

2,073

159.30% 48.40%

Aransas County

5,325

21.40%

3,588

Milam County

5,296

20.90%

3,456

53.20%

Cooke County

5,166

13.30%

1,408

266.90%

Rusk County

5,130

10.60%

1,736

195.50%

Harrison County

4,986

7.80%

1,278

290.10%

Bowie County

4,974

5.40%

1,334

272.90%

Polk County

4,883

10.40%

1,610

203.30%

Live Oak County

4,646

40.30%

3,324

39.80%

Ward County

4,635

44.80%

4,830

-4.00%

Colorado County

4,627

22.20%

2,833

63.30%

continued on next page

438

Texas

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (cont.) (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

La Salle County

4,593

76.90%

4,068

12.90%

Van Zandt County

4,582

8.70%

1,515

202.40%

Nolan County

4,561

30.80%

4,246

7.40%

Hood County

4,534

9.20%

1,353

235.10%

Jim Hogg County

4,500

89.50%

4,659

-3.40%

Grimes County

4,482

17.50%

2,657

68.70% 59.00%

County

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Jones County

4,430

22.60%

2,786

Palo Pinto County

4,308

15.50%

2,301

87.20%

Chambers County

4,304

15.00%

1,195

260.20%

Hopkins County

4,198

12.50%

1,407

198.40%

Hutchinson County

4,063

18.10%

2,509

61.90%

Gillespie County

4,039

17.20%

2,426

66.50%

Castro County

4,025

54.00%

4,187

-3.90%

Gray County

3,922

17.90%

1,895

107.00%

Brewster County

3,914

43.30%

3,702

5.70%

Ochiltree County

3,884

40.70%

1,641

136.70%

Shelby County

3,834

14.40%

539

611.30%

Yoakum County

3,820

51.40%

3,217

18.70%

Jackson County

3,807

26.70%

2,772

37.30%

Washington County

3,709

11.60%

1,158

220.30% 153.00%

Limestone County

3,691

16.20%

1,459

Orange County

3,669

4.40%

1,933

89.80%

Runnels County

3,523

32.90%

2,740

28.60%

Wilbarger County

3,491

24.60%

2,185

59.80%

Fayette County

3,486

15.50%

1,702

104.80%

Bailey County

3,473

52.60%

2,740

26.80%

Floyd County

3,431

48.60%

3,381

1.50%

Lee County

3,410

20.60%

1,410

141.80%

Refugio County

3,403

44.80%

3,164

7.60%

Lampasas County

3,322

16.00%

1,753

89.50%

Crosby County

3,278

50.10%

3,111

5.40%

Bandera County

3,223

16.00%

1,172

175.00%

continued on next page

Texas

439

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (cont.) (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Comanche County

3,222

23.30%

2,205

46.10%

Winkler County

3,162

47.80%

3,172

-0.30%

Mitchell County

3,045

32.60%

2,389

27.50%

Falls County

3,039

17.30%

2,072

46.70%

Wood County

2,910

7.00%

788

269.30%

Lynn County

2,843

45.80%

2,819

0.90%

Swisher County

2,815

36.00%

2,496

12.80%

Burleson County

2,750

16.20%

1,624

69.30%

Bosque County

2,700

15.00%

1,430

88.80%

Robertson County

2,582

15.90%

1,904

35.60%

County

Lavaca County

2,561

13.50%

1,596

60.50%

Madison County

2,514

18.90%

1,178

113.40%

Goliad County

2,504

34.80%

2,145

16.70%

Hudspeth County

2,499

75.30%

1,935

29.10% 72.90%

Eastland County

2,427

13.30%

1,404

Sutton County

2,420

56.50%

1,866

29.70%

Young County

2,415

13.40%

1,164

107.50%

Camp County

2,403

19.40%

501

379.60%

Lamar County

2,384

4.80%

475

401.90%

Fannin County

2,345

7.00%

485

383.50%

McCulloch County

2,339

29.20%

2,317

0.90%

Crockett County

2,227

57.40%

2,021

10.20% 119.90%

Houston County

2,122

9.20%

965

Hansford County

2,114

40.40%

1,174

80.10%

Dallam County

2,011

32.70%

1,151

74.70%

Crane County

1,942

50.50%

1,577

23.10%

Freestone County

1,942

10.30%

619

213.70%

Garza County

1,920

39.40%

1,454

32.00%

Martin County

1,871

42.10%

1,960

-4.50%

San Jacinto County

1,806

7.30%

431

319.00%

Culberson County

1,781

70.50%

2,419

-26.40%

Upshur County

1,760

4.60%

641

174.60%

continued on next page

440

Texas

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (cont.) (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Childress County

1,744

22.60%

853

104.50%

Jasper County

1,715

4.90%

594

188.70% 236.70%

County

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Leon County

1,714

10.40%

509

Kinney County

1,702

50.90%

1,570

8.40%

Stephens County

1,699

17.70%

767

121.50%

Blanco County

1,652

17.90%

840

96.70%

Hardin County

1,648

3.20%

679

142.70%

Concho County

1,593

43.60%

1,194

33.40%

Cochran County

1,576

49.00%

1,857

-15.10%

Reagan County

1,527

50.50%

1,941

-21.30%

Upton County

1,456

46.50%

1,666

-12.60%

San Saba County

1,443

24.10%

998

44.60%

Llano County

1,401

7.70%

453

209.30%

Montague County

1,341

6.80%

548

144.70%

Schleicher County

1,322

47.60%

1,062

24.50%

Coleman County

1,315

15.00%

1,139

15.50%

Somervell County

1,190

15.30%

749

58.90%

Haskell County

1,180

21.70%

1,312

-10.10% 143.40%

Panola County

1,161

5.10%

477

Hall County

1,121

30.60%

727

54.20%

Kimble County

1,095

24.00%

772

41.80%

Franklin County

1,092

10.50%

357

205.90%

Callahan County

1,044

7.70%

489

113.50%

Knox County

-7.80%

1,003

27.10%

1,088

Fisher County

908

22.50%

997

-8.90%

Hartley County

903

16.90%

201

349.30% -23.90%

Edwards County

900

46.50%

1,182

Sherman County

899

30.60%

538

67.10%

Wheeler County

895

18.40%

378

136.80%

Lipscomb County

880

28.30%

379

132.20%

Jack County

877

9.60%

232

278.00%

Mason County

877

22.50%

671

30.70%

continued on next page

Texas

441

857

37.00%

770

11.30%

760

9.30%

403

88.60%

732

25.00%

561

30.50%

719

27.70%

479

50.10%

719

13.90%

484

48.60%

692

16.30%

589

17.50%

691

22.60%

574

20.40%

684

18.90%

422

62.10%

681

20.00%

412

65.30%

668

30.20%

726

-8.00%

500

50.90%

751

-33.40%

462

25.50%

385

20.00%

424

26.50%

367

15.50%

420

33.70%

366

14.80%

408

10.70%

334

22.20%

380

30.40%

424

-10.40%

371

22.10%

367

1.10%

308

76.60%

362

-14.90%

302

9.50%

272

11.00%

295

32.30%

320

-7.80%

275

18.10%

233

18.00%

264

12.40%

200

32.00%

184

11.00%

136

35.30%

178

12.70%

237

-24.90%

158

12.40%

136

16.20%

104

16.00%

120

-13.30%

10.80%

120

-34.20%

12.90%

-30.20%

21.70%

-7.10%

442

Texas

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

5,232,000

3,688,000

2,170,000

1,533,000

1,518,000

Nov. 2006

5,407,000

3,720,000

2,161,000

945,000

1,559,000

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

209

Municipal Officials

601

Judicial/Law Enforcement

458

Education/School Board

802

Specials District Officials 34

Electoral Vote

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

12.6%

TOTAL

2,165

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Louie Gohmert (R)

692,352

12.10%

18.00%

District 2

Ted Poe (R)

747,541

17.00%

21.30%

43.30%

District 3

Sam Johnson (R)

813,428

20.80%

11.30%

44.50%

District 4

Ralph Hall (R)

780,736

11.30%

10.40%

25.50%

District 5

Jeb Hensarling (R)

714,216

17.90%

12.80%

34.10%

District 6

Joe Barton (R)

752,355

21.30%

15.50%

42.30%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 32.10%

continued on next page

444

Texas

34!4% ,%')3,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2 State Senate District 2

14.70% District 14

29.10% District 24

District 5

15.80% District 15

35.20% District 25

16.20% 26.20%

District 6

70.50% District 16

27.60% District 26

65.90%

District 7

16.30% District 17

22.70% District 27

85.70%

District 8

14.30% District 18

27.50% District 28

30.30%

District 9

24.40% District 19

67.00% District 29

77.20%

District 10

22.90% District 20

71.90% District 30

10.50%

District 11

20.10% District 21

66.90% District 31

30.70%

District 12

13.00% District 22

15.10%

District 13

24.10% District 23

38.90%

District 3

10.30% District 28

22.30% District 45

31.20%

District 6

11.80% District 29

24.70% District 46

42.10%

District 8

12.90% District 30

32.70% District 47

19.20%

District 10

17.30% District 31

95.10% District 48

12.00%

District 12

10.20% District 32

37.20% District 49

21.30%

District 13

13.60% District 33

59.50% District 50

15.70%

District 14

17.00% District 34

60.50% District 51

58.00%

District 16

17.00% District 35

58.00% District 52

20.60%

District 17

20.30% District 36

90.40% District 53

20.90%

District 18

10.10% District 37

90.20% District 54

16.60%

District 20

14.00% District 38

83.60% District 55

16.10%

District 22

11.70% District 39

88.80% District 56

10.70%

District 23

20.30% District 40

93.40% District 57

23.00%

District 24

14.10% District 41

80.40% District 58

12.10%

District 25

23.10% District 42

93.30% District 59

13.70%

District 26

11.60% District 43

75.70% District 60

11.70%

District 27

32.00% District 44

34.80% District 64

State House

14.60% continued on next page

Texas

445

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER (cont.) State House (continued) District 65

14.00% District 94

13.70% District 123

69.70%

District 67

12.50% District 95

20.50% District 124

62.90%

District 68

11.50% District 96

11.70% District 125

64.40%

District 69

11.80% District 97

13.90% District 126

18.00%

District 70

12.80% District 99

15.40% District 127

13.00%

District 71

18.80% District 100

35.60% District 128

27.50%

District 72

30.00% District 101

16.70% District 129

12.80%

District 73

19.60% District 102

26.80% District 130

13.20%

District 74

66.20% District 103

71.10% District 131

29.20%

District 75

86.60% District 104

76.00% District 132

20.90%

District 76

91.50% District 105

27.70% District 133

26.50%

District 77

83.50% District 106

35.40% District 134

11.50%

District 78

57.40% District 107

23.90% District 135

25.80%

District 79

71.60% District 108

31.20% District 136

18.20%

District 80

74.90% District 109

11.40% District 137

55.10%

District 81

42.20% District 110

29.40% District 138

41.80%

District 82

32.20% District 111

20.80% District 139

30.10%

District 83

25.20% District 112

13.40% District 140

71.60%

District 84

33.40% District 113

20.50% District 141

27.80%

District 85

38.50% District 114

24.30% District 142

31.80%

District 86

17.60% District 115

17.00% District 143

76.10%

District 87

29.90% District 116

65.50% District 144

37.00%

District 88

26.80% District 117

63.60% District 145

79.50%

District 89

10.60% District 118

64.50% District 146

16.40%

District 90

65.00% District 119

66.20% District 147

31.60%

District 91

12.80% District 120

41.70% District 148

67.40%

District 92

12.00% District 121

25.50% District 149

22.90%

District 93

25.20% District 122

22.50% District 150

14.20%

Utah

447

Utah Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Utah continued to grow rapidly from 1990 to 2006, growing at a rate five (5) times faster than the general population and accounting for 26% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Latinos are the largest minority group in the state. Much off the population is concentrated in Salt Lake City, West Valley and Ogden. Counties with the largest Latino population are Salt Lake, Utah and Weber.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

UT 10.6

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and two (2) of three (3) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 13-vote majority in the Senate and a 37-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are eight (8) Latino elected officials in the state, including two (2) state legislators. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in Utah has not kept up with the growth in population because of the high number of non-citizens of voting age. There are 36,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is well less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 1st and 3rd congressional districts, with a population ranging from 75,000-80,000 in each district. The Latino population is concentrated in eight (8) state senate districts and 22 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in five (5) states will be up for election or reelection as Governor, including Utah. The outcome is not expected to be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

448

Utah

Current Political Issues Utah established English as the official language in 2000. Utah was among 17 states to pass a law pertaining to education. SB 103 excludes those without legal status from receiving unemployment compensation. Utah was also among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. SB 35, the Uniform Child Abduction Prevention Act, sets guidelines for judges to determine when a child is at risk for abduction, including whether the petitioner or respondent is undergoing a change in immigration or citizenship status that would adversely affect the respondent’s ability to remain in the U.S. legally. Utah was also among 18 states to pass a resolution. HJR 14 sets aside a wide area of topic for study for legislation, including requests to immigrant populations to study the identity theft impact of undocumented immigrants and human trafficking. Social Demographics • 44.8% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 38.3% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.7, compared to 29.3 for whites and 24.9 for blacks. • 5.8% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.1% for whites. • 65.1% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 34.9% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $37,157 compared to $53,281 for whites and $39,744 for blacks. • 62.5% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 15.5% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 89.7% that are white and 1.1% that are black. • 52.2% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 47.8% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 5,178 Latino-owned businesses in Utah in 2002 with 558 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 9% increase in Latino-owned firms since 1997, and a 23% increase in sales. In addition there were 896 Latino businesses with 5,272 paid employees with a total annual payroll of 100 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Utah was 3.7 billion in 2004, and is projected to increase to 5.9 billion dollars in 2009.

Utah

449

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

238.21%

250000 48.01% 0

100

150

200

250

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 200000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 5.1% 150000

11.2% 0.8%

100000

82.8%

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

130,207

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

50000

General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

2,112,440 21,303 286,113

219,559

76.75%

5,174 790

1.80% 0.28%

10,944 17,939 31,667

3.83% 6.27% 11.07%

Latino Population

1990

1,722,850

84,597

2006

2,550,063

286,113

48.01%

238.21%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

24.36%

450

Utah

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Salt Lake City

181,743

34,254

18.90%

2. West Valley City

108,896

20,126

18.50%

3. Ogden

77,226

18,253

23.60%

4. Provo

105,166

11,013

10.50%

5. Orem

84,324

7,217

8.60%

6. Taylorsville

57,439

7,022

12.20%

7. West Jordan

68,336

6,882

10.10%

8. Kearns

33,659

6,604

19.60%

9. Midvale

27,029

5,613

20.80%

22,038

4,932

22.40%

10. South Salt Lake

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County Salt Lake County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006 242.10%

149,312

15.30%

43,647

Utah County

41,297

8.90%

8,488

386.50%

Weber County

32,734

15.40%

11,042

196.40%

Davis County

18,473

6.70%

7,275

153.90%

Washington County

8,728

6.90%

862

912.50%

Cache County

8,624

8.70%

1,780

384.50%

Tooele County

4,813

9.00%

2,960

62.60%

Summit County

3,892

11.00%

326

1093.90%

Box Elder County

3,354

7.10%

1,610

108.30%

Iron County

2,191

5.40%

382

473.60%

Carbon County

2,070

10.60%

2,247

-7.90%

Sanpete County

1,905

7.90%

560

240.20%

Wasatch County

1,484

7.30%

253

486.60%

Millard County

1,375

11.10%

402

242.00%

Uintah County

1,130

4.00%

691

63.50%

Utah

451

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

104,000

67,000

28,000

27,000

39,000

Nov. 2006

168,000

92,000

36,000

28,000

56,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 5, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 5, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 4, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 5

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.9%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Population

District 1

Rob Bishop (R)

827,128

13.00%

1.30%

District 2

Jim Matheson (D)

848,581

7.80%

0.70%

14.20%

District 3

Chris Cannon (R)

874,354

12.90%

0.50%

18.70%

2,550,063

11.20%

0.80%

17.20%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 18.60%

452

Utah

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 1

34.20% District 5

17.60% District 15

10.00%

District 2

17.80% District 6

11.40% District 18

21.10%

District 3

12.40% District 12

14.50%

District 9

42.00% District 30

16.70% District 43

10.80%

District 14

10.60% District 31

15.20% District 44

11.10%

State House

District 20

10.70% District 32

15.60% District 47

13.40%

District 22

15.00% District 33

17.60% District 59

11.40%

District 23

41.30% District 34

14.10% District 61

10.90%

District 24

10.10% District 35

17.60% District 64

17.10%

District 26

32.30% District 38

17.00%

District 29

18.60% District 39

16.40%

Vermont

453

Vermont Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Vermont has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate eight (8) times faster than the general population and accounting for 5% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Burlington. The county with the largest Latino population is Chittenden.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

VT 0.9

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Republicans control the office of Governor. Democrats control one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate, and the only seat in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats control both chambers with a 3-to-1 margin in the Senate and almost 2-to-1 in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There is no Latino elected official in the state. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

6 P* 2 Ind

*Progressive Party

Latino civic participation in Vermont runs even with the rate of growth in the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population. There are 2,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is two-thirds of the citizen voting age population. The Latino community is not concentrated in any state senate or state representative district. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in five (5) states will be up for election or reelection for Governor, including Vermont. The gubernatorial reelection campaign could be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

454

Vermont

Current Political Issues Vermont was among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s licenses, or other licenses. SB 53 clarifies when a suspension or revocation of a motor vehicle license, nondriver ID card, or registration takes effect and relates to laws concerning driver licenses issued to U.S. citizens and legal aliens. Vermont was among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. HB 523 prescribes boundaries for programs that would help immigrants who would be federally ineligible for certain benefits by supplementing them with state funds. The state was also among 18 to adopt a joint resolution urging Congress to pass the Agricultural Jobs bill and states the tremendous value of immigrant and migrant workers to Vermont. Social Demographics • 16.3% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 29.8% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.5, compared to 41.1 for whites and 24.0 for blacks. • 90.7% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 9.3% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $45,899 compared to $47,937 for whites. 90.1% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 1.7% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 1.1% that are white and 1.1% that are black. • 52.9% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 47.1% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 452 Latino-owned businesses in Vermont in 2002 with 38 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 50% decrease in Latino-owned firms and a 79% decrease in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 65 Latino businesses with 229 paid employees and an annual payroll of 5.2 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Vermont was 134 million dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 185 million dollars by 2009.

Vermont

455

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

81.48%

2500 10.87% 0

100

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 2000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

1500

2.5% 1.1% 0.8%

1000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

596,638 4,722 6,644 15,904

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

500

Mexican Puerto Rican

95.6%

1,802 2,013

27.12% 30.3%

336 657

5.06% 9.89%

496 1,340

7.47% 20.17%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

562,758

3,661

2006

623,908

6,644

Percent Increase 1990-2006

10.87%

81.48%

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

4.88%

456

Vermont

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Burlington

38,889

546

1.40%

2. South Burlington

15,814

192

1.20%

9,291

156

1.70%

17,292

156

0.90%

3. Barre 4. Rutland 5. Middlebury

6,252

155

2.50%

6. Brattleboro

8,289

148

1.80%

7. Montpelier

8,035

113

1.40%

8. Northfield

3,208

106

3.30%

9. Essex Junction

8,591

1.10%

9,168

0.90%

10. Bennington

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

2,231

1.50%

1,179

89.20%

Chittenden County

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

3,000

2,000

1,000

Nov. 2006

5,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

Vermont

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary February 27, 2008 Democratic Primary Election March 4, 2008 Republican Primary Election March 4, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 4, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 3

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.1%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Population

Hispanic

AfricanTotal % American Minority

At Large

Peter Welch (D)

623,908

1.10%

0.80%

4.40%

623,908

1.10%

0.80%

4.40%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0, State House = 0

457

Virginia

459

Virginia 0ERCENT (ISPANIC BY 3TATE Political Demographics The Latino population in Virginia has continued its steady rate of growth since 1990, growing at a rate 10 times faster than the general population and accounting for 25% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Arlington, Alexandria and Virginia Beach. Counties with the largest Latino population are Fairfax, Arlington and Prince William.

VA 5.8

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, one (1) of two (2) seats in the U.S. Senate, and hold three (3) of 11 seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 2vote majority in the Senate and Republicans have a 9-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation. 34!4% 3425#452% Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

1 8

State Senate

State House

1 5 2

Latino civic participation in Virginia has not kept up with the growth in population because non-citizens comprise a substantial percentage of the voting age population. As a result, only 51,000 are registered to vote, which is less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 8th, 10th and 11th congressional districts with a population ranging from 45,000-100,000 in each district. The Latino community is also concentrated in six (6) state senate districts and 11 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including Virginia. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

460

Virginia

Current Political Issues Virginia established English as the official language in 1996. Virginia was among 17 states to pass legislation pertaining to education. HB 2631 relates to limitations on access to student records and defines what will be in a student’s record and who has access including parents, those the student allows, principals, teachers, and bodies given access through judicial process. The law states that personal information of students may be released to an employee of the U.S. government if the student is a U.S. veteran, a dependent of such veteran, an orphan, or an immigrant of any kind. Virginia was also among 13 states to pass legislation pertaining to human trafficking. SB 815 provides that any person who destroys, confiscates, or possesses any actual or purported passport, immigration document, or other government identification document, and thereby extorts money, property, or pecuniary benefit or any note, bond, or other evidence of debt from him or any other person, is guilty of a Class 5 felony. Virginia also passed a law (HB 1673) that establishes the Virginia Commission on Immigration in the executive branch to study, report, and make recommendations to address the costs and benefits of immigration on the Commonwealth, including the impact on education, health care, law enforcement, local demands for services and the economy, and the effect on the Commonwealth of federal immigration and funding policies. Social Demographics • 53.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 31.3% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 27.1, compared to 40.0 for whites and 33.6 for blacks. • 4.7% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 3.6% for whites and 8.5% for blacks. • 65.3% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 34.7% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $54,087 compared to $61,156 for whites and $40,267 for blacks. • 59.7% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 8.4% of children in grades K-8 were Latino, compared to 70.4% that were white and 25.7% that were black. • 56.3% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 43.7% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 19,017 Latino-owned businesses in Virginia in 2002 with 3.5 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 39% increase in the number of firms since 1997 and a 91% increase in sales, respectively. In 2002 there were 2,431 Latino businesses with 29,811 paid employees and an annual payroll of 800 million dollars. In 2004 Latino purchasing power in Virginia totaled 8.4 billion and is projected to reach 12.6 billion in 2009.

Virginia

461

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

193.77%

150000 23.52% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 120000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 6.8% 6.2%

90000

67.6%

19.4%

60000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

5,167,028 1,483,105 470,871 521,880

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

30000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican

118,264 51,211

25.12% 10.90%

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

12,702 147,775

2.70% 31.38%

85,936 54,983

18.25% 11.68%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

6,187,358

160,288

2006

7,642,884

470,871

23.52%

193.77%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

21.34%

462

Virginia

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Arlington

189453

35268

18.60%

2. Alexandria

128283

18882

14.70%

3. Virginia Beach

425257

17770

4.20%

4. Norfolk

234403

8915

3.80%

5. Bailey's Crossroads

23166

8596

37.10%

6. Annandale

54994

7966

14.50%

180150

7595

4.20%

27422

6351

23.20%

7. Newport News 8. Jefferson 9. Woodbridge 10. Reston

31941

6091

19.10%

56407

5699

10.10%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County Fairfax County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

130,753

12.90%

51,874

152.10%

Prince William County

68,415

19.10%

9,662

608.10%

Arlington County

31,473

15.80%

23,089

36.30%

Loudoun County

26,207

9.70%

2,156

1115.50%

Virginia Beach City

22,051

5.10%

12,137

81.70%

Alexandria City

17,742

13.00%

10,778

64.60% 487.70%

Chesterfield County

14,757

5.00%

2,511

Norfolk City

10,028

4.40%

7,611

31.80%

Manassas City

10,022

27.40%

1,601

526.00%

Henrico County

9,746

3.40%

2,171

348.90%

Stafford County

9,102

7.60%

1,252

627.00%

Richmond City

8,240

4.30%

1,898

334.10%

Newport News City

7,883

4.40%

4,710

67.40%

Spotsylvania County

7,152

6.00%

843

748.40%

Chesapeake City

5,891

2.70%

1,913

207.90%

Harrisonburg City

5,308

13.00%

481

1003.50%

continued on next page

Virginia

463

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (cont.) (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Hampton city

4,959

3.40%

2,636

88.10%

Frederick County

3,782

5.30%

291

1199.70% 1029.00%

County

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Manassas Park city

3,545

30.50%

314

Fauquier County

3,425

5.20%

602

468.90%

Accomack County

3,413

8.70%

452

655.10%

Albemarle County

3,404

3.70%

786

333.10%

Henry County

3,354

6.00%

253

1225.70%

Rockingham County

3,164

4.40%

546

479.50%

Culpeper County

3,111

7.00%

192

1520.30%

Fairfax city

2,929

13.10%

1,159

152.70%

Winchester city

2,757

10.90%

219

1158.90%

Portsmouth city

2,309

2.30%

1,364

69.30%

York County

2,244

3.60%

723

210.40%

Prince George County

2,221

6.10%

1,060

109.50%

Roanoke city

2,143

2.30%

665

222.30%

Shenandoah County

1,916

4.80%

292

556.20%

Suffolk city

1,729

2.10%

319

442.00%

Montgomery County

1,684

2.00%

793

112.40% 264.50%

Roanoke County

1,604

1.80%

440

Fredericksburg city

1,572

7.40%

463

239.50%

James City County

1,445

2.40%

382

278.30%

Charlottesville city

1,309

3.20%

476

175.00%

Augusta County

1,269

1.80%

239

431.00%

Hanover County

1,201

1.20%

321

274.10%

Warren County

1,110

3.10%

248

347.60%

Pittsylvania County

1,093

1.80%

239

357.30%

Lynchburg city

1,083

1.60%

476

127.50%

Waynesboro city

1,027

4.80%

150

584.70%

932

13.90%

1333.80%

Galax city

464

Virginia

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

301,000

135,000

78,000

70,000

57,000

Nov. 2006

349,000

103,000

51,000

33,000

52,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 14, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 12, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 12, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 6, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

13 4.8%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

Virginia

465

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Rob Wittman (R)

740,228

5.30%

19.10%

District 2

Thelma Drake (R)

648,805

5.40%

22.10%

35.10%

District 3

Bobby Scott (D)

638,296

3.00%

56.00%

62.80%

District 4

Randy Forbes (R)

724,417

3.00%

33.40%

40.00%

District 5

Virgil Goode (R)

664,243

2.00%

23.00%

27.70%

District 6

Bob Goodlatte (R)

675,743

2.70%

10.70%

16.00%

District 7

Eric Cantor (R)

724,005

3.20%

16.20%

24.50%

District 8

Jim Moran (D)

657,672

16.20%

13.00%

40.90%

District 9

Rick Boucher (D)

635,771

1.20%

4.10%

7.50%

District 10

Frank Wolf (R)

786,460

10.70%

7.60%

30.80%

District 11

Thomas Davis (R)

747,244

13.60%

11.40%

42.00%

7,642,884

6.00%

19.70%

32.40%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority 29.10%

34!4% ,%')3,!4)6% $)342)#43 7)4( ! ,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. /& /2 ()'(%2 State Senate District 29

10.90% District 31

19.70% District 35

17.10%

District 30

18.60% District 32

10.10% District 36

10.90%

District 37

10.40% District 46

15.00% District 52

11.10%

District 38

22.40% District 47

17.60% District 53

12.30%

District 39

14.40% District 49

40.90% District 86

15.40%

District 44

14.60% District 50

15.80%

State House

Washington

467

Washington Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Washington continued to grow rapidly from 1990 to 2006, growing over five (5) times faster than the general population and accounting for 24% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Latinos are the largest minority group in the state. Much of the population is concentrated in Seattle, Yakima and Pasco. Counties with the largest Latino population are King, Yakima and Pierce.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

WA 8. 5

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, six (6) of nine (9) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 15-vote majority in the Senate and a 29-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 14 Latino elected officials in the state. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

U.S. Senate

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Vacant

Latino civic participation in Washington has not kept up with the growth in population because of the high number of non-citizens of voting age. There are 97,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is less than half of the citizen voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 4th and 7th congressional districts with a population ranging from 210,000-215,000 in each district. The Latino population is concentrated in eight (8) state senate districts and eight (8) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with 52% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Democrats in six (6) states will be up for election or reelection as Governor, including Washington. Latino votes could prove decisive if the gubernatorial campaign is hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election.

468

Washington

Current Political Issues Washington adopted a resolution supporting English Plus in 1989. Washington was among 17 states to pass a law pertaining to education. HB 1128 includes an appropriation for groups contracted by the state Immigration and Refugee Assistance Services department to work with immigrants. The state was also among 20 states to pass a law pertaining to employment, which was partially vetoed. SB 5774 revises background check requirements for the departments of Social and Health Services and Early Learning. Section 6, which would have provided for a work group examining the need for and feasibility of verifying citizenship or immigration status for whom background checks are required, was vetoed. Washington was also among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. HB 1092 provided a $14 million subsidy for facilities which house low-income migrant, seasonal, or temporary workers. HB 1472 found that immigrant children are one of the fastest growing populations in the U.S. and, along with other minorities are more likely to be poorer than whites, and ordered the Secretary of Social and Health Services to appoint a task force to analyze and make recommendations on the disproportionate representation of minorities in the welfare system. The state was also among 18 states to adopt a resolution, SCR 8404, which approved the 2006 update to the state comprehensive plan for workforce training entitled “High Skills, High Wages.” The update included increases in adult basic education and English training along with skill training for immigrants. Social Demographics • 41.5% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 38.3% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 24.8, compared to 40.1 for whites and 30.2 for blacks. • 9.3% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 5.7% for whites and 12.5% for blacks. • 66.4% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 33.6% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $36,222 compared to $54,825 for whites and $40,659 for blacks. • 67.0% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 15.8% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 76.4% that are white and 5.0% that are black. • 42.1% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 57.9% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 10,269 Latino-owned businesses in Washington in 2002 with 1.5 billion dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 3% increase in Latino-owned firms since 1997, but a 10% decrease in sales. In addition there were 2,362 Latino businesses with 15,954 paid employees with a total annual payroll of 326 million dollars.

Washington

469

170.32%

500000 31.42% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population 400000

11.2%

300000

9.1%

76.4%

3.3%

200000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

4,886,203 211,333 580,027 718,235

100000

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

464,652 19,957

80.11% 3.40%

6,746 27,048

1.16% 4.66%

15,871 45,753

2.74% 7.89%

General Population

Latino Population

1990

4,866,692

214,570

2006

6,395,798

580,027

31.42%

170.32%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

23.90%

470

Washington

4/0 #)4)%3 "9 ,!4)./ #/.#%.42!4)/. City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

1. Seattle

563374

29719

5.30%

2. Yakima

71845

24213

33.70% 56.30%

3. Pasco

Percent Latino

32066

18041

193556

13262

6.90%

5. Sunnyside

13905

10158

73.10%

6. Vancouver

143560

9035

6.30%

7. Kennewick

54693

8503

15.50%

4. Tacoma

8. Toppenish 9. Mount Vernon 10. Everett

8946

6774

75.70%

26232

6589

25.10%

91488

6539

7.10%

,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. "9 #/5.4)%3 (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County King County Yakima County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

131,277

7.20%

44,337

196.10%

92,551

39.70%

45,114

105.10%

Pierce County

53,556

7.00%

20,562

160.50%

Snohomish County

43,714

6.50%

10,656

310.20%

Franklin County

32,246

48.40%

11,316

185.00%

Grant County

28,621

34.60%

9,427

203.60% 324.90%

Clark County

24,948

6.00%

5,872

Benton County

23,985

15.00%

8,624

178.10%

Skagit County

15,683

13.60%

4,335

261.80%

Spokane County

15,396

3.40%

6,994

120.10%

Chelan County

15,226

21.40%

4,786

218.10%

Thurston County

12,808

5.50%

4,873

162.80%

Whatcom County

11,510

6.20%

3,718

209.60%

Kitsap County

11,123

4.60%

6,169

80.30%

Walla Walla County

9,913

17.20%

4,703

110.80%

Adams County

8,864

52.50%

4,467

98.40%

continued on next page

472

Washington

%,%#4)/. #!,%.$!2 Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 19, 2008 Democratic Caucus February 19, 2008 Republican Caucus February 19, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 4, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

%,%#4/2!, #/,,%'% 6/4% 11

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

4.1%

,!4)./ %,%#4%$ /&&)#)!,3 ). U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

#/.'2%33)/.!, $)342)#43 0/05,!4)/. "9 %4(.)#)49 District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Jay Inslee (D)

District 2

Rick Larsen (D)

District 4

Population

Hispanic

AfricanAmerican

Total % Minority

710,787

6.10%

Doc Hastings (R)

720,159

29.70%

0.80%

35.30%

District 6

Norm Dicks (D)

687,868

6.20%

5.60%

23.20%

District 8

Dave Reichert (R)

771,939

5.50%

2.30%

23.80%

6,395,798

9.10%

3.40%

23.70%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Washington

473

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 8

12.30%

District 12

18.60% District 15

40.60%

District 9

11.80%

District 13

21.40% District 16

25.70%

District 11

10.60%

District 14

26.00%

District 8

12.30%

District 12

18.60% District 15

40.60%

District 9

11.80%

District 13

21.40% District 16

25.70%

District 11

10.60%

District 14

26.00%

State House

West virginia

475

West Virginia Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in West Virginia has continued to grow gradually since 1990, growing at a rate 28 times faster than the general population, due largely to an overall loss in population in the state. Much of the population, sparse as it is, is concentrated in Huntington, Martinsburg and Charleston. Counties with the largest Latino population are Kanawha and Berkeley.

WV 0.6

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and two (2) of three (3) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 12-vote majority in the Senate and a 34-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There is no Latino elected official in the state. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

U.S. Senate

Republican

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

Latino civic participation in West Virginia has not kept up with the growth in population. There are 2,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is 40% of the total citizen voting age population. Most Latinos resides in the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s three congressional districts, but have a population of less than 6,000 people in each. The Latino community is also thinly spread in some state senate districts and some state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Democrats in 12 states will be up for election or reelection to the United States Senate, including West Virginia. In addition, six (6) Democrats will be up for election or reelection for Governor, also including West Virginia. Despite their combined population of less than 75,000, Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the senatorial and guber-

476

West virginia

natorial campaigns are hotly contested, which could also be affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues West Virginia was among 20 states to pass legislation pertaining to employment. SB 70 makes it unlawful for any employer to knowingly employ an unauthorized worker. Employers are required to verify a prospective employee’s legal status or authorization to work. The law also provides for penalties for employing unauthorized workers, including fines, jail sentences and revocation of business licenses. West Virginia was also among 19 states to pass a law pertaining to public benefits. SB 518 defines eligibility for the West Virginia Works program and creates specific categories of immigrants for which exceptions are made. Social Demographics • 27.7% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 36.8% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.3, compared to 41.1 for whites and 37.6 for blacks. • 81.1% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 18.9% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $37,631 compared to $35,459 for whites and $21,554 for blacks. • 81.2% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 1.4% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 1.0% that are white and 4.1% that are black. • 64.1% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 35.9% are renter-occupied. Business Demographics There were 664 Latino-owned businesses in West Virginia in 2002 with 187 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 29% decrease in Latino-owned firms but a 95% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 248 Latino businesses with 1,395 paid employees and an annual payroll of 41 million dollars.

West virginia

477

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

69.43%

6000 1.39% 0

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

5000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 1.9% 0.8%

4000

3.2%

94.1% 3000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black 2000

Latino Other

1,711,605 58,521 14,383 33,961

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 1000 General Population

0 Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban

5,756 1,816 412

40.02% 12.60% 2.86%

Central American South American Other Latino

1,226 1,847

8.52% 12.84%

3,326

23.12%

Latino Population

1990

1,793,477

8,489

2006

1,818,470

14,383

1.39%

69.43%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

23.58%

478

West virginia

4/0 #)4)%3 "9 ,!4)./ #/.#%.42!4)/. City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Huntington

51475

437

0.80%

2. Martinsburg

14972

436

2.90%

3. Charleston

53421

432

0.80%

4. Morgantown

26809

412

1.50%

5. Parkersburg

33099

269

0.80%

6. Wheeling

31419

181

0.60%

7. Clarksburg

16743

177

1.10%

8. Fairmont

19097

157

0.80%

9. Weirton

20411

138

0.70%

10. Beckley

17254

128

0.70%

,!4)./ 0/05,!4)/. "9 #/5.4)%3 (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Berkeley County

2,632

2.70%

399

559.60%

Kanawha County

1,879

1.00%

897

109.50%

Jefferson County

1,669

3.30%

428

290.00%

Monongalia County

1,096

1.30%

637

72.10%

County

%34)-!4%$ ,!4)./ 6/4).' !'% 0/05,!4)/. 6!0 !.$ 2%')34%2%$ 6/4%23 ). Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

5,000

1,000

4,000

Nov. 2006

3,000

2,000

West virginia

479

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary April 22, 2008 Democratic Primary Election May 13, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election October 14, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 5

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.9%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

Distict 1

Alan Mollohan (D)

598,236

0.80%

1.60%

4.70%

Distict 2

Shelley Capito (R)

630,006

1.10%

4.00%

7.00%

Distict 3

Nick Rahall (D)

590,228

0.40%

4.00%

5.80%

1,818,470

0.80%

3.20%

5.90%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate = 0, State House = 0

Total % Minority

Wisconsin

481

Wisconsin Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Wisconsin has continued to grow steadily since 1990, growing at a rate 13 times faster than the general population and accounting for 24% of the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total population growth. Much of the population is concentrated in Milwaukee, Racine, Kenosha and Madison. Counties with the largest Latino population are Milwaukee, Racine, Dane and Kenosha.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

WI 4.4

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor, both seats in the U.S. Senate, and five (5) of eight (8) seats in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Democrats have a 3-vote majority in the Senate and a 5-vote majority in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are 10 Latino elected officials in the state, including one (1) state legislator. STATE STRUCTURE Office

Democrat

Governor

U.S. Senate

Republican

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

1 2 1

Latino civic participation in Wisconsin has not kept up with the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rate of Latino population growth. There are 58,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is almost half of the citizen voting age population, but well less than half of the total voting age population. Most Latinos reside in the 1st and 4th congressional districts, with a population ranging from 30,00070,000 in each. The Latino community is concentrated in one (1) state senate and six (6) state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election John Kerry carried the state with the help of 51% of the Latino vote. The 2008 Elections Neither the Governor nor the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s two (2) U.S. Senators are up for reelection, which should impact the dynamics of the presidential election. Latino and African American votes could prove decisive if the campaign is hotly contested.

482

Wisconsin

Current Political Issues Wisconsin was one (1) of only four (4) states to pass no immigration-related laws in 2007. The state has never established an official language. Social Demographics • 36.3% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 36.4% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 25.5, compared to 40.1 for whites and 27.1 for blacks. • 7.7% of the Latino civilian workforce, 16 years and older, are unemployed compared to 4.8% for whites and 16.3% for blacks. • 71.1% of Latino Spanish-speakers, 5 years and older, speak English ‘well or very well’, and 28.9% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $34,332 compared to $50,997 for whites and $26,161 for blacks. • 71.8% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 8.2% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 86.3% that are white and 10.1% that are black. • 41.7% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 58.3% are renter-occupied Business Demographics There were 3,750 Latino-owned businesses in Wisconsin in 2002 with 975 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 24% increase in Latino-owned firms and a 19% increase in sales from 1997 to 2002. In 2002 there were 869 Latino businesses with 9,011 paid employees and an annual payroll of 244 million dollars. Latino purchasing power in Wisconsin was 3.8 billion dollars in 2004, and is projected to increase to 6.1 billion dollars by 2009.

Wisconsin

483

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

175.02%

200000 13.59% 0

100

150

200

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006

150000

4.0% 4.6% 5.8% 85.6% 100000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other 50000

Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

219,482

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006 General Population

Mexican Puerto Rican

4,755,716 325,004 256,304

178,638 43,500

69.70% 17.00%

1,902 6,842

0.74% 2.67%

7,302 18,120

2.85% 7.07%

Latino Population

1990

4,891,769

93,194

2006

5,556,506

256,304

13.59%

175.02%

Percent Increase 1990-2006

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

24.54%

484

Wisconsin

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

596974

71646

12.00%

2. Racine

81855

11422

14.00%

3. Kenosha

90352

9003

10.00%

4. Madison

208054

8512

4.10%

5. Green Bay

102313

7294

7.10%

6. Waukesha

64825

5563

8.60%

7. Beloit

35775

3257

9.10%

8. Sheboygan

50792

3034

6.00%

9. West Allis

61254

2155

3.50%

70087

1775

2.50%

1. Milwaukee

10. Appleton

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) County

Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Dane County

21,550

4.60%

5,744

275.20%

Racine County

18,818

9.60%

9,034

108.30%

Kenosha County

14,880

9.20%

5,580

166.70%

Brown County

13,580

5.70%

1,525

790.50%

Waukesha County

12,267

3.20%

5,448

125.20%

Rock County

9,153

5.80%

1,754

421.80%

Walworth County

8,688

8.60%

2,017

330.70%

Sheboygan County

5,290

4.60%

1,668

217.10%

Outagamie County

4,363

2.50%

987

342.00%

Winnebago County

4,310

2.70%

1,144

276.70%

Jefferson County

4,161

5.20%

1,160

258.70%

Fond du Lac County

3,121

3.10%

937

233.10%

Dodge County

2,812

3.20%

911

208.70%

Washington County

2,154

1.70%

670

221.50%

Manitowoc County

1,858

2.30%

582

219.20%

Marathon County

1,443

1.10%

470

207.00%

Ozaukee County

1,400

1.60%

517

170.80%

continued on next page

Wisconsin

485

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (cont.) (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006 Percent Latino

County

Latino Population Percent Change 1990 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Sauk County

1,238

2.10%

207

498.10%

Eau Claire County

1,203

1.30%

437

175.30%

Waushara County

1,192

4.80%

379

214.50%

Portage County

1,162

1.70%

572

103.10%

La Crosse County

1,099

1.00%

640

71.70%

St. Croix County

1,052

1.30%

192

447.90%

Columbia County

1,028

1.90%

358

187.20%

Monroe County

1,017

2.40%

234

334.60%

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

203,000

99,000

72,000

67,000

27,000

Nov. 2006

174,000

121,000

58,000

36,000

63,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary February 19, 2008 Democratic Primary Election February 19, 2008 Republican Primary Election February 19, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election November 4, 2008 General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

10 3.7%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

486

Wisconsin

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

District 1

Paul Ryan (R)

714,348

7.80%

5.30%

15.70%

District 2

Tammy Baldwin (D)

715,067

4.40%

3.60%

12.80%

District 3

Ron Kind (D)

708,088

1.30%

0.70%

4.80%

District 4

Gwen Moore (D)

638,284

14.20%

35.10%

54.70%

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

District 5

Jim Sensenbrenner (R)

703,772

2.90%

2.10%

8.70%

District 6

Tom Petri (R)

690,565

3.00%

1.40%

7.50%

District 7

Dave Obey (D)

686,342

1.10%

0.40%

5.60%

District 8

Steve Kagen (D)

700,040

2.90%

0.90%

9.00%

5,556,506

4.70%

6.20%

14.80%

STATEWIDE TOTALS

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 3

31.80%

District 8

62.10% District 61

11.80% District 88

District 9

15.30% District 64

10.00%

State House 28.40%

Wyoming

487

Wyoming Percent Hispanic by State: 2004 Political Demographics The Latino population in Wyoming continued to grow gradually from 1990 to 2006, growing three (3) times faster than the general population and accounting for 16% off the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population growth. Latinos are the largest minority group in the state. Much off the population is concentrated in Cheyenne, Casper and Laramie. Counties with the largest Latino population are Laramie, Sweetwater and Natrona.

43.4 (NM) 20.0 to 39.9 10.0 to 19.9 5.0 to 9.9 Less than 5.0 U.S. percent 14.2

WY 6.7

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2004 American Community Survey, Detailed Tables, B03001.

Democrats control the office of Governor. Republicans control both seats in the U.S. Senate and the stateâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s one (1) seat in the U.S. House. In the state legislature, Republicans have a 3to-1 advantage in the Senate and more than 2-to-1 advantage in the House. The state was somewhat active in passing immigration-related legislation in 2007. There are seven (7) Latino elected officials in the state. STATE STRUCTURE Office Governor

Democrat

Republican

Other

Latinos

Blacks

Vacant

U.S. Senate

U.S. House

State Senate

State House

Latino civic participation in Wyoming has increased, but still remains with a large unregistered potential. There are 13,000 Latinos registered to vote, which is slightly less than half of the citizen voting age population. There is only one congressional district in Wyoming. The Latino population is concentrated in five (5) state senate districts and 10 state representative districts. The 2004 Presidential Election George W. Bush carried the state. The impact of the Latino vote is unknown. The 2008 Elections Republicans in 21 states will be up for election or reelection to the U.S. Senate, including Wyoming. In addition, Wyomingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Congresswoman has announced her retirement, so

488

Wyoming

there will be two (2) statewide congressional races in the state. Latinos could prove decisive if the campaigns are hotly contested, which could be also affected by the dynamics of the presidential election. Current Political Issues Wyoming established English as the official language in 1996. While Wyoming has not had the same influx of immigrants like states in the South have had, the state was among 31 states to pass a law pertaining to ID, driver’s license, or other licenses. HB 313 creates a crime involving the use of false identity, citizenship or resident immigrant documents and provides a penalty for seizure. Social Demographics • 19.2% of Latinos are foreign-born. • 32.3% of the Latino population is under 18 years of age. • The median age for Latinos is 29.5, compared to 39.0 for whites and 25.0 for blacks. • 81.7% of Latino Spanish-speakers 5 years and older speak English ‘well or very well’, and 18.3% speak English ‘not well or not at all’. • The median household income for Latinos is $43,660 compared to $48,744 for whites and $41,170 for blacks. • 85.5% of Latinos are U.S. citizens. • 10.7% of children in grades K-8 are Latino, compared to 96.3% that are white. • 57.9% of Latino households are owner-occupied and 42.1% are renter-occupied Business Demographics There were 1,320 Latino-owned businesses in Wyoming in 2002 with 221 million dollars in sales and receipts, which represented a 7% increase in Latino-owned firms from 1997 to 2002 and an 89% increase in sales. In addition there were 315 Latino businesses with paid employees.

Wyoming

489

LATINO AND STATE POPULATION INCREASE 1990 – 2006

LATINO ORIGIN POPULATION BY ANCESTRY IN 2006

38.76%

30000 13.54% 0

10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Percent Change Latino Percent Change General Population

25000

STATE POPULATION BY RACE AND LATINO ORIGIN 2006 4.4%

20000

6.9% 0.6% 88.0% 15000

Non–Latino White Non–Latino Black Latino Other

10000

0 Puerto Rican Cuban Central American South American Other Latino

22,752

STATE AND LATINO POPULATION PERCENT CHANGE 1990 – 2006

5000

Mexican

453,251 3,269 35,732

26,247

73.46%

500 0

1.40% 0.00%

33 1,012 7,940

0.09% 2.83% 22.22 %

General Population

Latino Population

1990

453,588

25,751

2006

515,004

35,732

Percent Increase 1990-2006

13.54%

38.76%

Percent of State Growth Due to Latinos

16.25%

490

Wyoming

TOP 10 CITIES BY LATINO CONCENTRATION 2000 City Name

Total Population

Latino Population

Percent Latino

1. Cheyenne

53011

6646

12.50%

2. Casper

49644

2656

5.40%

3. Laramie

27204

2161

7.90% 21.00%

4. Rawlins

8538

1797

5. Rock Springs

18708

1676

9.00%

6. Green River

11808

1206

10.20%

7. Jackson

8647

1024

11.80%

8. Evanston

11507

839

7.30%

9. Gillette

19646

774

3.90%

10. Worland

5250

708

13.50%

LATINO POPULATION 2006 BY COUNTIES (with Latino Population over 1000 and/or 10% of the County Total) Latino Population 2006

Percent Latino

Latino Population 1990

Percent Change 1990â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2006

Laramie County

9239

10.80%

7310

26.4%

Sweetwater County

4171

10.80%

3470

20.2%

Natrona County

3599

5.10%

2252

59.8%

Teton County

2253

11.70%

158

1325.9%

Albany County

2244

7.40%

1988

12.9%

Carbon County

2101

13.70%

2315

-9.2%

Fremont County

1836

4.90%

1336

37.4%

Campbell County

1708

4.40%

882

93.7%

Uinta County

1318

6.50%

773

70.5%

Park County

1101

4.10%

825

33.5%

Goshen County

1077

8.90%

1078

-0.1%

Washakie County

1029

13.20%

801

28.5%

County

Wyoming

491

ESTIMATED LATINO VOTING AGE POPULATION (VAP) AND REGISTERED VOTERS IN 2004 & 2006 Year

Total Latino (VAP)

Total Citizen (VAP)

Latino Registered Voters

Total Voted

Unregistered Potential

2004

20,000

17,000

11,000

10,000

6,000

Nov. 2006

30,000

27,000

13,000

9,000

14,000

ELECTION CALENDAR Last Day to Register to Vote in Primary January 5, 2008 Democratic Primary Election March 8, 2008 Republican Caucus January 5, 2008 Last Day to Register to Vote in General Election Election Day General Election November 4, 2008

ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE 3

Electoral Vote Percent of 270 Electoral Votes Needed to Elect

1.1%

LATINO ELECTED OFFICIALS IN 2007 U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

State Executives

State Senators

State Representatives

County Officials

Municipal Officials

Judicial/Law Enforcement

Education/School Board

Specials District Officials

TOTAL

Source: USHLI Resource Department

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS POPULATION BY ETHNICITY District

Congressional Representative

At Large

Barbara Cubin (R)

STATEWIDE TOTALS

Population

AfricanHispanic American

Total % Minority

515,004

6.90%

0.60%

12.00%

515,004

6.90%

0.60%

12.00%

492

Wyoming

STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS WITH A LATINO POPULATION OF 10% OR HIGHER State Senate District 7

11.60% District 9:

District 8

21.30%

10.0% District 11:

13.7%

District 9

10.40% District 27

11.50% District 45

12.70%

District 11

11.60% District 41

10.20% District 60

10.60%

District 12

17.00% District 43

11.60%

District 15

21.40% District 44

25.90%

State House