Des i ngPr opos i t i on
St r aggl e Remi ni s enc e
by LeeY ewJoe
CONTENTS
1. 0
01
I NTRODUCTI ON
BACKGROUND
I SSUE
01.Chapt e r1
03.Re s e ar c hBac k gr ound 04.Ri s k&Pr ot e c t i v e F ac t or 05.Pe r c e pt i onof Publ i c
06.Re s e ar c hI s s ue s 07.Dual Car e e rEar ne r 08.Unde r ut i l i z a t i onof F ac i l i t i e s&L ac k i ng Gov e r nme nt al I ni t i a t i v e 09.Di mi ni s he dF oc usof E x pe r i e nc eof Spac e
10
18 19 HY POTHESI S
QUESTI ON
10.Sc opeof Re s e ar c h 11.Spe c i al Car eUni t( SCU) 12.Gr oupL i v i ngF ac i l i t i e s 13.As pe c tof The r ape ut i c De s i gn 15.As pe c tof The r ape ut i c De s i gn
17.The or e t i c al Hy pot he s i s
19.Re s e ar c hQue s t i on
20
21 23 L I MI T A TI ON
I NTRODUCTI ON
0.Si gni f i c antof Re s e ar c h
21.L i mi t a t i onof Re s e ar c h
23.Me mor yWar e hous e
RESEARCH
SI GNI F I CANT
cont ent
03 06
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CONTENTS
2. 0
24
25
35
DEF I NI TI ON
THEORI ES
APPL I CA TI ON
24.Me mor y
25.F or g e t t i ng 28.Ty pe sof Me mor y
36.Way f i ndi ng 38.Ce nt r al i s e dSpac e Or g ani s a t i on 40.Se ns r i al St i mul a t i on
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44.NASCOM
46.Re s e ar c hQue s t i on
56
59
60
56.Phy s i c al 57.Mi nd 58.I nt e r ac t i on
59.L OGO&T AGL I NE
60.Re f e r e nc e
Cl i e nt
ACTI VI TI ES
cont ent
47
44
USER DEMOGRAPHI C
BRANDI NG
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PROGRAMMI NG
I NDEX
chapt er1 0 0
I NTRODUCTI ON Asnor malhumanbe i ngs ,ag e i nghappe nsgr adual l yt ha tev e nt ual l ye x hi bi t s not abl ec hang e sofphy s i c alandme nt alc har ac t e r i s t i c s .Thephe nome nonf or t het woas pe c t sme nt i one de ar l i e r , v ar i e sac c or di ngt os pe c i f i ci ndi v i dual unde r c i r c ums t anc e sofmul t i pl ef ac t or s .Asar e s ul t ,adj us t me ntofl i f e s t y l eand l oc a t i onwhe r et heyr e s i dehast obedonewi t hway st ha tdoe snotc aus et oo muc hof gr adual anduns e t t l i ngc ondi t i onf ort he m. Ac c or di ngt ot heWor l dAs s e mbl yonAg e i ng2 0 0 2 , s e ni orc i t i z e nsar ede f i ne das i ndi v i dual swhoar eag e d6 0y e ar sol dandabov e( WHO,2 0 0 2 ) .Bas e dont he De par t me ntofSt a t i s t i c sofMal ay s i a( DOSM) ,Mal ay s i ai se x pe c t e dt oc l i mb t owar dsanag e i ngna t i ona t9 . 8 %i n2 0 2 0andpr e di c t e dt oi nc r e as eupt o1 5 % by2 0 4 0( DOSM,2 0 1 6 ) .Ass t a t e d byt heChai r manofAl l i anc ef oraSaf e Communi t y( NGO) , t hec ount r ymus tbepr e par e dt oai dandas s i s tt hee l de r l y ont hi sma t t e r .T anSr iL e eal s ome nt i one dt ha tt hei nc r e me ntofag e i ng popul a t i onwi l l hav ei mpac t sons e c t or ss uc hashe al t hc ar e , f i nanc i al s e r v i c e s , c i t ypl anni ngaswe l l ass oc i al s e r v i c e s( At hi r a&Y us uf , 2 0 1 9 ) . ANa t i onal He al t handMor bi di t ySur v eywasc onduc t e di n2 0 1 8on3 5 4 2s e ni or c i t i z e ns , 8 . 5 %of t her e s ponde nt shadde me nt i a( NI H, 2 0 1 8 ) . Ont heot he rhand. TheWor l dHe al t hOr g ani z a t i on( WHO) e s t i ma t e st hef r e que nc yof de me nt i af al l be t we e n5 %t o8 %amongt hepopul a t i onof g e ne r al s e ni orc i t i z e n( WHO, 2 0 2 0 ) . Thi shi ghl i ght st hee x t e ndoft hei s s ueoft hi sdi s e as ei nMal ay s i awhi c hwi l l be di s c us s e dt hr oughoutt hi spape r .
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Thet opi cdi s c us s ed i nt hi spaperi dent i f i esTheConc er n ofCogni t i ve I mpai r ment ( Memor y) among s eni or c i t i z ens i n Kual a Lumpur .A met hodol ogyi nr edes i gni ngt hes pac eandi t sf unc t i onasas ol ut i oni n engagi ngt hes eni orc i t i z enwhi c hexhi bi t smemor yi mpai r ments ympt oms and di s eas esaswel last hei rc ar et aker son t he adj us t mentoft hei r l i f es t yl es .Dual c ar eerf ami l yi sc ommoni nur banc i t i esl i keKual aLumpur , wher ei ti smor ec r uc i ali nt hatf ami l ys et t i ng,handl i ngs eni orf ami l y member s wi t h memor yi mpai r ment s uc h as dement i a,c ommonl y , Al z hei mer ’ sDi s eas e.As pac er edes i gnedwi l lc ar r yt heai m oft obr i dget he gapsoft hought sbet weendement i apat i ent s ’ s oc i al behavi our al needsand t hei rc ar et aker s ’under s t andi ng and t ol er anc e,as wel las a pr oper t her apeut i c al l yadapt at i onphas eoft r ai ni ngf ort hem.I ti sbel i evedt hat t hr oughi nt er i orar c hi t ec t ur als ol ut i onsandenvi r onmentr es hapi ngc oul d al l owi mpr ovement sonbot hs oc i al andur banas pec t sont hi smat t er .
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al z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me r al z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me r al z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me ral z he i me r
Wha ti sde me nt i a ? De me nt i ai same di c aldi s or de rde f i ne dasgr adualde c ayi nmor et hanone c ogni t i v e domai n,t hi sc ompr i s e ofme mor y ,l i ngui s t i c ,de c i s i onmak i ng, pe r s onal i t y ,andbe hav i our alwhi c hl e adst ol os sofc apac i t i e st ope r f or m e s s e nt i al t as k sof ev e r y dayl i v i ng. Al z he i me r ' sdi s e as e( AD) i sc ur r e nt l yt hemos t we l l k nownt y peofde me nt i aandr e c or dsf orupt o8 0 % ofal lde me nt i a di agnos e s( Wal l e r&Buds on,2 0 1 8 ) .Al t hought heov e r al lf a t alr a t ei nMal ay s i a c ont r i but e df r omi s c he mi che ar tdi s e as eandl owe rr e s pi r a t or yf r om2 0 0 7 2 0 1 7 , t hepr opor t i on ofde a t hsr e l a t e dt ot heAl z he i me r ’ sdi s e as ei sg oi ngup, i nc r e as i ngby6 4 . 7 %be t we e n2 0 0 7and2 0 1 7 .
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Ri s k&Pr ot ec t i veF ac t or s e r al r i s k sandpr ot e c t i v ef ac t or sar epr e s e ntr e g ar di ngAl z he i me r ’ sdi s e as e . Sev Ri s kf ac t or si n dev e l opi ngand de t e r i or a t i ngt hec ondi t i on ofAl z he i me r ’ s di s e as ei nc l ude sc hr oni cdi s e as e ss uc h asc e r e br ov as c ul ardi s e as e ,bl ood pr e s s ur e ,t y pe 2 di abe t e s .Subs e que nt l y ,habi t ss uc h as s mok i ng and ps y c hol ogi c als y mpt omss uc hasde pr e s s i on,s t r e s s ,t r auma t i cbr ai ni nj ur i e s , e l ev a t et he r i s k ofbe i ng di agnos e d wi t h Al z he i me rdi s e as e .Pr ot e c t i v e me as ur e sont heot he rhandi nc l ude sdi e t ,phy s i c alac t i v i t i e sandi nt e l l e c t ual ac t i v i t i e s( Re i t z , e tal , 2 0 1 2 ) .
Per c ept i onofPubl i ct owar dsAl z hei mer ’ sDi s eas e F ort hi spur pos e ,da t awase mpl oy e dandc ol l e c t e df r om as ur v eydonei n Si ng apor e ,t hene i ghbour i ngc ount r ywi t hhi ghl ys i mi l arc ul t ur alands oc i al as pe c t swi t hMal ay s i a.Theanal y s e dda t ai nc l ude dde me nt i ak nowl e dg eand awar e ne s s , pa t t e r nof de me nt i aawar e ne s sandi t sf ac t or s . Maj or i t yof t hes t udy par t i c i pant swe r ef e mal eand6 5y e ar sorol de r . 6 0 % oft hepar t i c i pant sagr e e d t ha tme mor yr e c e s s i oni sc or r e s pondi ngt ode me nt i a( AD) , al mos t5 0 %of t he m r e c k on t ha tde me nt i a( AD)i san or di nar yag e i ngphe nome non.Ne g a t i v e a t t i t udeandpe r c e pt i onwe r er e c or de dwi t h8 0 %i nc l i ne dnott oc ompr e he nd ont hede t e c t i onof de me nt i a( AD) and6 7 %av oi dspl anni ngof adv anc e dc ar ei f di agnos e d. Re l a t i ngt os t i gmaont hi sma t t e r , ar oundonequar t e randonet hi r d woul df e e le mbar r as s e d and r e l uc t antt os har ei t sc ondi t i on ope nl yi f di agnos e d.Howev e r ,i nl i newi t ht hene g a t i v er e s ul tont hedi agnos i sof Al z he i me rDi s e as e ,maj or i t yar ec l e aroft hec r i t i c all i f ec hangi ngout c omeof t hedi s e as e .7 1 % oft hepar t i c i pant sar eawar eandc l e art ha tmi l dAl z he i mi c pa t i e nt swoul dbyandbyadv anc et omi l dandt e r mi nalde me nt i a( AD)wi t h t i me ,6 7 %k new i ns ev e r ede me nt i a( AD) ,pos s i bi l i t yofdi s abi l i t yi ns pe e c h, mobi l i t y , andr e c ogni s i ngpe opl ewoul dhappe n. Onl y3 2 %hav ede mons t r a t e d t ha tf ut ur epl ansr e l a t e dt ot hei l l ne s swi l lbeac c ount e df ort he ms e l v e sand t he i rf ami l i e s( T an, e tal , 2 0 1 2 ) .
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04|STRAGGLE REMI NI SENCE
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i ssues Chal l e ng e sandc ons t r ai nshav ear os eont hef or mul ai nt ac k l i ngAl z he i me r ’ s di s e as ei nt e r msof phy s i c al andme nt al s t a t eof t hepa t i e nt s , c ar e gi v e r s , aswe l l ast hee nv i r onme nts e t t i ng. I nMal ay s i a, t henumbe rof dual e ar ne rf ami l i e shas be e ni nc r e as i ngal ongt hey e ar s( Zak ar i a&I s mai l ,2 0 1 7 ) .Thegr e a t e rKual a L umpur( Kl angV al l ey ) , ac i t yofc e as e l e s sur bani z a t i onwhi c hhous e st hemos t popul a t i onamongt hes t a t e si nt hena t i on.
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St r uggl esofDual ear nerCar egi ver s t t e rof bal anc i ngwor k i ngandf ami l yr e s pons i bi l i t i e samongdual e ar ne r Thema c oupl e si sr e gul ari nKual aL umpur .Pr i ort oar e s e ar c honf ami l yc ar e gi v e r sof Al z he i mi ce l de r l y , manyoft hepar t i c i pant shadwe ntt hr ought hee x pe r i e nc e s ofl ook i nga e rt he i rAl z he i mi ce l de r l yi nc har ac t e rwi t hc ar i ngf orat oddl e ror c hi l d( AM, Z, L . &e tal , 2 0 1 9 ) .Car e gi v e r sof Al z he i mi cpa t i e nt shadadj us t e dt he i r l i f e s t y l es ui t e dt ot hee l de r l ypa t i e nt sa thome .Mal ay s i abe i ngamul t i r ac i al r i c hAs i anc ul t ur e dc ount r y ,f i l i alpi e t yi ss t i l lde e pl yr oot e dande mphas i z e d wi t hi nt hev ar i ouse t hni cgr oups( T an&e t .Al ,2 0 1 8 ) .He nc e ,c hi l dr e nwi t h s t r ongf i l i al c onc e ptt ak e supt her e s pons i bi l i t yt os uppor t , l ooka e randt ak i ng c ar et he i re l de r l yAl z he i mi cs i ngl ehande dl y( T an&e t . Al , 2 0 1 8 ) .Subs e que nt l y , f i ndi ngshav es hownt ha tc ar e gi v e r sr e f l e c t e dont he i rt ac t l e s sbe gi nni ngof t ak i ngc ar et he i rAl z he i me rdi agnos e df ami l yme mbe r s .Sc e nar i osoft he i nt r i c a t eadapt a t i ont owar dst hi sma t t e ri nc l ude sThe r ear eaf ews c e nar i osof t hi si nt r i c a t eadapt a t i onwhi c hi nc l ude st hei nabi l i t yi nunde r s t andi ngt he l ogi c al f r amewor kof anAl z he i mi cf ami l yme mbe r . Be s i de st ha t , c ar e gi v e r swi t h ov e r e x pos ur et owar ds t he ne g a t i v e be hav i our s ofAl z he i mi c pa t i e nt s . F ur t he r mor e ,c ar e gi v e r shasi nade qua t eal l oc a t i onandpr i or i t i z a t i onoft he i r pr i v a t el i f e ,i nc l udi ngde pr i v a t i onofc ar eandf oc usont he i rc hi l dr e nt ha t s ubs e que nt l yl e adst oanunhe al t hys t a t eof mi nd( AM&e t . Al , 2 0 1 8 ) .
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6 . 1 .Doe st he r ape ut i c als pac ede s i gni nt e gr a t i onr e s ul t si napos i t i v et r e ndi n Al z he i mi cpa t i e nt s ? 6 . 2 .How doe sambi e nc eofas pac eaffe c t st hede gr e eofc onc e nt r a t i oni n pe r f or mi ngt as k samongAl z he i me rpa t i e nt s ? 6 . 3 .Wha tar et hemai nf ac t or saffe c t i ngAl z he i mi cpa t i e nt s ’ps y c hol ogi c al r e qui r e me nt st owar dst her e s pondsof t hes pac e ?
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Thef i ndi ngsoft hi ss t udywi l lc onduc et ot headv ant ag e sofs oc i e t yi n c ons i de r a t i ont ha tag e i ngi sanunav oi dabl epr oc e s si nMal ay s i a, aswe l l ast he f r e que nc yofbe i ngdi agnos e d wi t h Al z he i me rdi s e as ewi l lbeampl i f y i ng. He nc e , i ti sv i t al t ha tt hec ommuni t yne e dst ohav eabe t t e ri ns i ghtongr i ppi ng t hi si s s ue .The c ommuni t y hasbe e ni gnor anc et owar dsdi agnos i ng t he c ondi t i onbuthi ghl yawar eoft hec ons e que nc e sofbe i ngdi agnos e d.Thi si s c r i t i c alde s pi t et hef ac tt ha tde me nt i a( AD)i sunc ur abl e ,i ts houl dbehi ghl y gi v e na t t e nt i ont ot hes y mpt omsf ore ar l i e rdi agnos i sandpr e c aut i onsc anbe donei nmai nt ai ni ngt hec ondi t i onr a t he rt hani ndul gi ngr api dde t e r i or a t i on. I ns t ant ane ousur bani s a t i on,e s pe c i al l yi nt he gr e a t e rKual aL umpurhas i nc r e as e dt hepac eofl i v i ng,aswe l lasadv anc e me nti nt e c hnol ogy .Howev e r , t hea t t e nt i ongi v e nt ot hee l de r l yar edi mi ni s hi ngandasar e s ul tt heyar ebe i ng “ l e be hi nd”of t hepar adi gms hi. F r omt hel i t e r a t ur er ev i ew, i ti si de nt i f i e dt ha te l de r l ywi t hde me nt i a( AD) ne e ds adapt a t i onandadj us t me ntt ot he i rl i f e s t y l easwe l lasl i v i nge nv i r onme nt s e t t i ngsf ort hebe ne f i t soft he i rc ondi t i on.AsADc ondi t i onofpa t i e nt swi l l ev e nt ual l ypr ogr e s sf r om pr ec l i ni c al s t ag eunt i l t het e r mi nal s t ag e, l i f e s t y l eof t he pa t i e nt s as we l las t he c ar egi v e r s wi l lne c e s s i t a t ec hang e and t r ans f or ma t i on.Apar tf r om l i v i ngl i f e s t y l e ,i ti sv i t alt opr ov i det hepa t i e nt s e nv i r onme ntt ha tc oul dai di nt he i rc ogni t i v emot orf unc t i onsi nme t hodsof i nt e r i orar c hi t e c t ur al as pe c t s . Adj ac e ntt ot her e s e ar c he sands t udyme nt i one d i nt hi spape r , t hei mpor t anc eof de s i gnma t t e ri nc r e a t i ngs pac e ss pe c i f i c al l yf or t hedi agnos e di ss t r e s s e df ort headv ant ag eofgr ant i ngt he m appr opr i a t e s e ns or yr e s pons ef or mt hes pac ewi t hr e s pe c tt ot he i rabi l i t yof s e ns e s . T ot hec ommuni t y ,i mpor t anc eoft hi si st oadv e r tt heev e nt sofe l de r l ybe i ng abandone dbyt he i rne x tofk i n.I n2 0 1 0 ,De par t me ntofSt a t i s t i c sMal ay s i a s howe dt ha tne ar l yonet hi r dsoft hepopul a t i onofs e ni orc i t i z e nsr e c e i v eno f or mof c ar eandf i nanc i al s uppor tf r omt he i rc hi l dr e n.Thi si mpl i e st ha toneout oft hr e es e ni orc i t i z e nshad e x pe r i e nc et hi sf or m ofac t .The r e f or e ,i ti s i mpor t antt oe duc a t et hec ommuni t yont hewe l f ar eofs e ni orc i t i z e ns , aswe l l ast oputane ndofoni s s ue swhe r ec hi l dr e nabandone dt he i rpar e nt swhe n t heyar edi agnos e dwi t hdi s e as e st ha tt heyc oul dnotunde r s t andandhandl e . Awar e ne s si sal s or ai s e dont hema t t e rof t heg ov e r nme ntof Mal ay s i ai ss t i l l y e t t ohav eaNa t i onalDe me nt i aSt r a t e gyt ot ac k l et hi sr i s i ngandac c umul a t i v e i s s ue .
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L i mi t a t i onofRe s e ar c hs pe c i f i cl oc a t i onandt ar g e t e dt owar dsas pe c i f i cgr oup ofc ommuni t y .Thi sr e s e ar c hi sdonei nur banar e a,Kual aL umpur ,wi t ht he t ar g e t e dgr oupofs e ni orc i t i z e nswi t hdual e ar ne rne x tofk i nc ar e gi v e r s .Thi s pape ral s oonl yc ov e r se l de r l yl i v i ngi nt heur banc i t y ,anddoe snott ak ei nt o ac c ount of r ur al ar e as e ni orc i t i z e ns , duet ot hes oc i al e x pos ur eande duc a t i onal pr of i c i e nc y . F ut ur er e s e ar c hc anbedoneonbe ne f i t i ngf r om c ons i de r a t i onofhow t o ac qui r eadv anc e st ha tar ec ur r e nt l ye x c e pt e dbyt heav ai l abl es t andar di z e d out c omeme as ur e s ,wi t ht hepr os pe c tt omak eac hang et ot hepe r s onwi t h de me nt i a( AD) andt hene x tof k i nc ar egi v e ri ndai l yl i f e . F ut ur er e s e ar c hs houl d nev e rc e as et he t r e nd t owar ds f abr i c a t i ng i nt e r v e nt i ons t ha ti nc l ude pe r s onal i s e dt as k sort as k sbas e donanal ogue sof day t odayac t i v i t i e s .
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Me mor yi s de f i ne d as t he abi l i t yt or e me mbe r i nf or ma t i on, e x pe r i e nc e s , andpe opl e ; s ome t hi ngt ha t y ou r e me mbe rf r om t he pas twhi c hs har e st he s y nony m ofr e c ol l e c t i on( Cambr i dg e ,2 0 2 0 ) .Me mor y i nt hehumanbr ai nc ont e x t ,f or mst hr oughs e ns or y s t i mul a t i oni naday t odaybas i s ,f r om t hes mal l e s t de t ai l st ot he i mpac t f ult r auma t i c ev e nt s .Thi s me c hani s m, j us tl i k ei t sabi l i t yt obef or me d, i ti sal s o pr onet obel os t .Ther e c ol l e c t i onsofev e nt si nt he humanbr ai nar ec a t e g or i s e di nt ot womai ngr oups , t hes i mpl es t r uc t ur eofs hor t t e r m me mor yandt he c ompl e xl ongt e r mme mor y .
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Thef ai l ur eofr e t r i ev i ngc e r t ai nme mor yr e l a t e st ot he de c ayt he or ywhi c hs ugg e s t st ha tme mor yt r ac ef ade s ov e rt i me be i ng and av ai l abi l i t y of i nf or ma t i on de c l i ne sal ong wi t ht he s t r e ngt h oft he me mor y . Me mor yt r ac ec anbee x pl ai ne dasaf or mul aorpa t h whi c hc onne c t s“ ac t i on”t o“ me mor ys t or ag e ”ofour br ai n.Thr ough a pr ol ong e dt i me f r ame ofnot r e c al l i ng/ r e t r ac i ngt hepar t i c ul arme mor y ,r e s ul t si n t he f or e s ai dc ons e que nc e s , me mor yf ade s and di s appe ar s .
Whe nnewme mor yi sf or me d, i nt e r f e r e nc emayoc c ur ont henew me mor yi t s e l faswe l last hepr ev i ous me mor ywi t hs i mi l arna t ur e . Twot y pe sof i nt e r f e r e nc e ar epr e s e ntwhi c hi st hepr oac t i v ei nt e r f e r e nc eand r e t r oac t i v ei nt e r f e r e nc e . Pr oac t i v ei nt e r f e r e nc es i mpl y me anst hena t ur eoft heol dme mor ymak e si thar de r f ort henewme mor yt obeov e r wr i t t e n, mai nl ybe c aus e ourbr ai n’ sadapt a t i onaswe l lasf r e que ntr e he ar s i ng oft heme mor y . I nc ont r as t , r e t r oac t i v eme mor yr e f e r s t onewe rme mor yi nt e r f e r e sandmak e si tdi ffi c ul tt o r e c al l s i mi l ari nf or ma t i ont ha twasl e ar ne dpr ev i ous l y .
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Whe nme mor i e sar ebe i ngf or me d,ont het i meofe x pe r i e nc i ng t hes e ns or i als t i mul a t i ons ,i tal s os t or e smoodande mot i onal s t a t et ha toc c ur sa tt ha tmome nt . Thef ai l ur et or e t r i ev eme mor y t ha tde pe ndsonc uei sadi r e c tr e s ul tofabs e nc eoft heme mor y c ue si t s e l f .Se mant i cc ue s ,me mor yc ue st ha thast oas s oc i a t e wi t h ot he rme mor i e s .Me mor yt ha tr e l i e son s e mant i cc ue s r e qui r e st or e c al lanot he rme mor yt ha tas s oc i a t e swi t ht he me mor yi t s e l f .Be s i de ss e mant i cc ue s ,s t a t ede pe nde ntc ue son t heot he rhandr e f e r st ome mor yt ha tde pe ndsont hee mot i onal andme nt als t a t eofwhe nt heme mor ywasf or me d.I nor de rt o r e c al l / r e t r i ev et he me mor y ,one has t o be i nt he s i mi l ar e mot i onalc ondi t i on.L as t l y ,c ont e x tde pe nde ntc ue ,whi c h me mor yar ebe i ngr e me mbe r e d whe n phy s i c al l ybe i ngi na par t i c ul ars e t t i ngof l oc a t i onors i t ua t i on.
Thepr oc e s sofc onv e r t i ngours e ns or i ale x pe r i e nc e ( s hor t t e r m me mor y )i nt of or m ofl ongt e r m me mor y i sname de nc odi ng.Thef ai l ur et odos or e s ul t si nt he i nabi l i t yt oc r e a t eas t r ong/c ompl e t eme mor yt r ac ef or t hepar t i c ul are x pe r i e nc et obec ode dasl ongt e r m me mor y . Thepr i or i t yofc e r t ai nme mor yde pe ndsal s o on a pe r s onalpr e f e r e nc e whe r ei nf or ma t i on t ha t r e l a t e sbe t t e rt ot hel i v e soft hei ndi v i dualwi l lbe s t or e dwi t hapr i or i t yi nt hel ongt e r m me mor yand v i c ev e r s af ort hel e s si mpor t antone s .Cons e que nt l y , t hepoor l ye nc ode dme mor ymi ghtbedi ffi c ul tt ot r ac e , andmi ghtev e nbeunr e c ov e r abl ea tal l .
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Se ns or yme mor yi st hebr i e f e s tc ompone ntof me mor y . I ti s t he c apac i t yt o hol dr e alt i me t ac t i l e da t a ae rt he i nf or ma t i onf e t c hi nghav ef i ni s he dont hes pot .I tg oe s aboutasas or tof c r adl ef ors t i mul i i nput st hef i v es e ns e sof s i ght ,he ar i ng,s me l l ,t as t eandt ouc h,whe r et heyar ehe l d pr e c i s e l y ,y e tqui c k l y .F ori ns t anc e ,t hec apac i t yt ot ak ea g ande ra ts ome t hi ngandr e c ol l e c twha ti tr e s e mbl e dwi t h s i mpl yas pl i tmome ntofpe r c e pt i oni sac as eofs e ns or y me mor y .
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The s t i mul idi s t i ngui s he d by t he s e ns e si s pos s i bl yi nt e nt i onal l y di s r e g ar de d, i nwhi c hc as et heyv ani s hpr ompt l y , ors aw, i nwhi c hc as et hey e nt e rt hes e ns or yme mor y .Thi sdoe s n' tne e danyc ogni z antawar e ne s s and,f ors ur e ,i st y pi c al l yv i ewe dasabs ol ut e l ybey ondt hec ont r olof c ons c i ous ne s s . Thebr ai ni si nt e nde dt oj us thandl eda t at ha twi l l behe l pf ul s ome t i mei nt henott oodi s t antf ut ur e ,andpe r mi t t i ngt her e s tt ode c ay wi t houtnot i c e .Asi nf or ma t i oni ss e e n,ev e nt ual l ybe i ngk e pti ns e ns or y me mor ys pont ane ous l ywi t houtanyc ommandofac t i on.I nc ont r as tt o di ffe r e ntk i ndsofme mor y ,s e ns or yme mor yi sunabl et obee x t e nde d t hr oughme ansof pr ac t i c e .
I nr e al i t y , i tg oe sonf ors uc habr i e ft i me f r amet ha t i ti sr e gul ar l yv i ewe dasac ompone ntof t hec y c l eof obs e r v a t i on,howev e ri tbyt hebys pe ak st oa f undame nt al appr oac h f or s av i ng da t ai n s hor t t e r mme mor y .
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Thes e ns or yme mor yf orv i s uals t i mul i i sal s oc al l e dt he i c oni cme mor y , t heme mor yf oraur al s t i mul i i sk nownas t hee c hoi cme mor y ,andt ha tf ort ouc hi ti st hehapt i c me mor y .Sme l lmay r e al l y be muc h mor ef i r ml y c onne c t e dt o me mor yt han al loft heot he rs e ns e s , pe r hapsont hegr oundst ha tt heol f ac t or ybul band ol f ac t or yc or t e x( whe r ei tpr oc e s s e ss e ns a t i onofs me l l ) ar eac t ual l ye x c e pt i onal l yc l os e–i s ol a t e dbyonl y2or3 ne ur ot r ans mi t t e r s–t ot hehi ppoc ampusandamy g dal a ( whi c har ee ng ag e d wi t hme mor yme as ur e s ) .I nt hi s manne r ,s me l lmi ghte s t abl i s hc onne c t i onmor er api dl y andt i ght l ywi t hr e c ol l e c t i onsandt he i rr e l a t e df e e l i ngs t han t heot he rs e ns e s ,and r e c ol l e c t i onsofs me l li s pr ol ong e d, ev e n wi t hout c ons i s t e nt r e pe t i t i on of s t i mul a t i on.
Da t ai s pas s e df r om t he s e ns or y me mor yi nt o s hor t t e r m me mor ybyme ansoft hec y c l eofpr i or i t y ( t heps y c hol ogi c alc y c l eofs pe c i f i c al l yf oc us i ngonone par t of t he s ur r oundi ng whi l e ov e r l ook i ng ot he r as pe c t s ) ,whi c hade qua t e l yc hanne l st hes t i mul i t oj us t t hos ewhi c har eof i nt e r e s ta tt i met ot i me .
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Se mant i cme mor yon t heot he rhand,r e f e r st o i nf or ma t i on ork nowl e dg et ha twe c ol l e c ti na g e ne r al as pe c t ,f or e . g. s mok i ng de t e r i or a t e s f unc t i onsofl ungs .Howev e r ,t heabi l i t yi nr e t ai ni ng t hi sde c l i neasweag e .
I mpl i c i tme mor yont heot he rhand, de f i ne sasme mor y t ha ti ss t or e dt ha tac t i v e l yr e c al l i ngi snotne e de d. The f or ma t i onofi mpl i c i tme mor yr e qui r e sal otoff oc us anda t t e nt i ona tt hebe gi nni ng, ae rbe i ngc apabl eof a c e r t ai n abi l i t y ,t he abi l i t yi n pe r f or mi ng t he t as k ev e nt ual l ybe c ameaut onomous .
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Si mi l ar l y , t hepr oc e s sofhowme mor yi sbe i ngt r ans mi t t e df r om one pl ac et oanot he ri nt hehumanne r v ousandne ur os y s t e m,t hi s c onc e pti sal s oappl i e di nt hei nt e r i ors pac ede s i gn. Way f i ndi ng, i na s pa t i alc onf i gur a t i on c ont e x tal s os ugg e s tr e l a t i on i n me mor y s uppor t i v es t r uc t ur ei naphy s i c al s e t t i ng. Theabi l i t yf oronet or e ac h as pa t i al de s t i na t i onr e l i e sonbot hc ogni t i v eandbe hav i or al bas e don t hr e e de f i ni t ef ac t or s :de c i s i on mak i ng,de c i s i on e x e c ut i on and i nf or ma t i onpr oc e s s i ng.
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envi r onment al i nt e r f e r e nc e t ha tupl isway f i ndi ngc anbee x e c ut e dont wol ev e l s : t y pol ogy de s i gn oft he s pac e pl anni ng as we l las e nv i r onme nt al c ue s , whi c hc ont ai ns i gnag e , f ur ni s hi ngs , l i ght i ng, c ol our s , ands of or t h.
Env i r onme nt ali nt e r f e r e nc et ha te nc our ag eway f i ndi ngar ebe s tus e d whe nt heyar ei nt e r j oi ne dandt r i gg e r sv ar i ouss e ns e s .Thus l y ,duet o ag e ,i mpai r me nt sofones e ns e( e . g. ,v i s i on)maybemadeupf orby anot he r( e . g. ,he ar i ng) .Thec onc e ptofv ar i ouspr ompt i ngc an be e x pande dt o pr omptf ort heda t e ,t i me ,and l oc a t i on ( Bowi eand Mount ai n,1 9 9 7 ) .Thec apac i t yt odi ffe r e nt i a t ec ol our si si nf l ue nc e di n Al z he i me r ' sdi s e as e ,wi t hmos tbl unde r si nt hebl ueandgr e e nz one s andl e s si nt hey e l l ow andr e dr e gi ons( Raz ani ,2 0 1 0 ) .Vi v i dc ol our c odi ngc ani mpr ov es hor t t e r m me mor yande nhanc et hec apac i t yof f unc t i ons( Ce r ni n,Ke l l e r ,and St one r ,2 0 0 3 ) .Ul t i ma t e l y ,ade qua t e l i ght i nghasbe e nde mons t r a t e dt obeaf oc alpar tofas uppor t i v e e nv i r onme nt( Noe l l Wagg one r ,2 0 0 2 )andf ur t he r mor et oaffe c tus e r s ’ way f i ndi ngc apac i t i e s : t hemor el i ght s( bot hna t ur al andar t i f i c i al ) t he r e i si nas pac e ,t hehi ghe re ffi c i e nc yofus e r si ndi s c ov e r i ngt he i rwayi n s pac e s( Ne t t e n, 1 9 8 9 ) .
I ti sl i k ewi s ef e a t ur e dt ha tr e f e r e nc epoi nt sar es i gni f i c anc ei nway f i ndi ng unde r t ak i ngs . Re f e r e nc epoi nt sc anbes pac e swi t hs pe c i f i cai mof f unc t i on. Thebas i ce l e me nt sofi ti se s pe c i al l yi nf or m,f unc t i on,andi fpe r mi t t abl e , di r e c t e df r om ot he re nv i r onme nt alc ompone nt si nt hes pac e .Si gnag e addi t i onal l ywasr e f e r e nc e dasas i gni f i c antc onc e r ne dc ompone nt ,whe n bui l di ngand i nt e r i ors pac ec al l sf ors uppor t i v ei nput st oc onv eyt he ne c e s s ar yda t a.
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Ont heot he rhand,t heymi ghtbenott hes ameas e ac h ot he ri nf or m ors i z et o unde r l i ne t he i r f unc t i onalpr i or i t y .Not wi t hs t andi ngt hec onne c t i on be t we e ne ac hs hape ,t hi sc our s eofac t i onl i k ewi s e pe r mi t st hef or m andar r ang e me ntt or e ac tt ot he e nc ompas s i ngs i t e . di agr amof c e nt r al s pac eor g ani s a t i on
Ther e l a t i onoft hi sc ont e x tt owar dst hes ur r oundi ngs i t ei ss i gni f i c anti n c e nt r al i s e dc ompos i t i ons i nc ei ti sc ons t i t ut i onal l ynondi r e c t i onal . I tr e l i e s upont hes i t eandf unc t i onal na t ur eof oneof t hemor es e c ondar ys pac e st o di r e c tt hes t a t e sof pas s ag eandac c e s si nt ot hec e nt r al s pac e . Thepa t t e r nof c i r c ul a t i oni nac e nt r al i s e dor g ani s a t i oni nc l ude sl oop,s pi r al ,orr adi al .I n pr ac t i c al l yal l c ondi t i ons , not wi t hs t andi ng, t heor de rof f l owwi l l ev e nt ual l y ev ol v es ur r oundi ngaf oc al s pac e .
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The r e pe t i t i v e pa t t e r n of c ommonl y c har ac t e r i z i ng pe r s pe c t i v e s ,f ore x ampl e ,s ol i dandv oi dar eani nt r i gui ng pi e c eofAr c hi t e c t ur e .I tpr ompt st hes pac eus e r st opaus e andf oc usaswe l lasf e e lt hes pac e .Al lma t e r i al shav ea s ur f ac eandi ti sany t hi ngbutdi ffi c ul tt oc ov e rt hi st e x t ur e d v i ewpoi nti nourde s i gnswhi l ewemode l t he monourPCsas we pl ac et e x t ur e son v i r t ual l yc r e a t e ds ur f ac e s .Y e t ,as F i nni s hAr c hi t e c tJ uhaniPal l as maas ay s ,t heaut hor i t a t i v e ey es t i f l e st hi ss e ns et oo.I nf ac t ,as ur f ac e ' se ffe c ti sf e l t wi t houtev e n be i ng i nc ont ac twi t hi t .F ori ns t anc e ,a s t r uc t ur ewi t hl ar g es ur f ac eofgl as swoul dr e s ul ti ns hi v e r s f r omt hel ook st hr ought hebody ; ade l i c a t ec ur t ai ngi v e susa s e nt i me ntof s ol ac e ; ade c or a t e d3 Dbac k dr opmaymak eour ps y c he sunc omf or t abl ewi t hf e r v our . He r e , Pal l as maaaddi t i onal l yc ont e ndst ha tar c hi t e c t si nt he c ur r e ntt r e nddoe snotpr i or i t i s ei npi c k i ngma t e r i al st ha t e mpowe rc ont ac t i ng.Not et ha tal lunr e mar k abl ef ur ni t ur e s ampl e si nc l udet hes ur f ac et oi nf e rt hec oupl i ngna t ur et ha t ma t e r i al s e ns ehasont hear c hi t e c t ur e .
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NASCOMandt hepr opos e dMe mor yWar e hous eCommuni t y Ce nt r ec omeaboutt hes ameobj e c t i v e swhe r et heul t i ma t e ai mi st omak es ur ee l de r l yf i ndst he i rownpos i t i oni nt he s oc i e t y , andmak et hemos tv al ue soutoft he i rdai l yl i v e sas muc haspos s i bl e .Ast hena t i oni sg oi ngt owar dsanag e i ng popul a t i on,t her ol eofNASCOM i npr ov i di ngs uppor tand s af e guar dsoft hee l de r l y ’ sr i ght sandwe l f ar easwe l las s oc i e t ala t t e nt i on.Thi sg oe sadj ac e ntwi t ht heobj e c t i v eof t heMe mor yWar e hous eCommuni t yCe nt r ewhe r ei tr ai s e s awar e ne s soft hepubl i cwe l f ar eofe l de r l yaswe l lasr ai s i ng awar e ne s si nmai nt ai ni ngahe al t hyl i f e s t y l et og oag ai ns tt he t hr e a tof Al z he i me rdi s e as e .
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Whi l et her ang eofag eofadul ti nMal ay s i ai s1 8andabov e , whi l es e ni orc i t i z e nsar egr oupe dasag e d6 5andabov e . ( DOSM, 2 0 1 8 ) . Thet ar g e t e dus e roft hi ss pac ewoul dbel a t e adul t hoodands e ni orc i t i z e ns( ag e d5 0andabov e )( DOSM, 2 0 1 8 )whi c hmos t l yc omef r om ne ar bye l de r l yc ar ec e nt r e ande l de r l ys t ay i nga thomewi s hi ngt or e g ai nandac hi ev e newv al ue si nt he i rdai l yol dag el i f e . El de r l yar eal l owe dt obr i ngt he i rgr andc hi l dr e nal ongf or bondi ngac t i v i t i e saswe l lasf ami l yme mbe r sdur i ngf ami l y dayev e nt sc onduc t e d.
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Theambi e nc eoft hes pac ei ss e ti na ne ut r alt onef orawe l c omi ngs e t t l i ng e x pe r i e nc ef ort heus e r sasat r ans i t i on f r omout s i det oi ns i de . Ther e c e pt i ons pac egr e e t st hegue s t sandme mbe r soft hec e nt r eand c onf i r mst he i rv i s i t a t i on.Ne c e s s ar yhy gi e neands ani t a t i onme as ur e sar e donei nt hi ss pac e . Dai l ybas i che al t hc he c k sar eal s odonebe f or eac c e s sof t heus e r si nt ot hec e nt r e .
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At r ai lofi mme r s i v ee x pe r i e nc et opas st hr oughwhi l ehe adi ngf r om t he c ommonar e ast oot he rs pac e s . Thes pac ei sat unne l of me mor y , pr ov i di ng e x pe r i e nc e sf ort he us e r swi t h ar c hi t e c t ur ei nt e r v e nt i onsand de s i gn ar oundt het r ai l , whi c he x t e ndst ot heov e r he adsof t het r ai l . Thi si sasac ue f ort heus e r st ol it he i rhe adsupwhe r et heg e s t ur ei shi ghl yas s oc i a t e dt o c omea e rwi t h“ t hi nk i ng”andr e c al l i ng.Compl e xandi nt r i c a t eov e r he ad de s i gni si nc or por a t e dt obeaf oc al poi ntandgui deofwayf ort heus e r sof t hes pac e , aswe l l asnos t al gi cwi ndowsal ongt het r ai l s . As y nc hr oni s a t i onofbodyandmi ndac t i v i t yt hr oughmobi l i t yal ongt he t r ai l .Att hee ndoft het r ai l ,us e rwoul dar r i v ea tt he i rde s i r e dc hoi c eof de s t i na t i onwi t hadi ffe r e ntmi nds e tt owar dsme mor y .
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Se l f r e c onc i l i a t i onpodsbe i ngl oc a t e da te ac hoft hes pac e spr ov i de s i s ol a t i onf orus e r st ha ts e e k sf orapr i v ac yands e c ur i t ydr i v e nc ompac t s pac e .Us e r swoul dhav et i meands pac ef ort he ms e l v e swi t houtany e x t e r nal i nt e r f e r e nc e . Thei nt e r i oroft hepodwoul di nc or por a t ewi t hs ot ouc hma t e r i al saswe l l ass e a t i ngde s i gni nt e r v e nt i onf ordi ffe r e ntpos t ur e st ha te nc our ag e sc al m de me anour .
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Thi ss pac ef unc t i onsasa “ publ i cr e l a t i on” i ni t i a t i v ef ort he us e r s . Es t abl i s hi ngnew c onne c t i onands t r e ngt he ni ngbondswi t hf ami l yand f r i e ndswhov i s i t s . Thi ss pac es e r v e sasac as ual me e tuppl ac ef ort heus e r s andt he i rc ompani on, aswe l l ast oe nc our ag eani nt e r g e ne r a t i onbondi ng whe r et hee l de r l ywi l l i nt e r ac twi t ht he i rgr andc hi l dr e n. Thes pac ehasagr e a tv ol umeaswe l laswe l l l i tambi e nc e .El e me nt sof na t ur ei sal s oi nc or por a t e di nt hi ss pac ef orabe t t e rhar monyandc ool i ng v i be .
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Thee x pr e s s i v egr oundi sas pac eofi nt e r ac t i ont hr oughac t i v i t i e s&s k i l l s s howc as eof t heus e r s . Wi t hac onc e ptof ac our t y ar dc ommuni t y , t hes pac e bet hec e nt r ehubc onne c t i ngt oal lt heot he rs pac e s .Thi ss e r v e sas f unc t i onalandi nt e r ac t i v es pac ef ort heus e r st or e di s c ov e rt he i rv al ue s , pi c k i ngupf or g ot t e ns k i l l s , r e i nf or c i ngc ogni t i v es k i l l sands har et hej oyof e x pe r i e nc e samongot he r s .
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Pr omot eahe al t hyl i f e s t y l eac c or di ngl yt oc ondi t i onof i ndi v i dual , s we a t i ng ande x e r c i s i ngl owe r sdownme mor yl os s , i nc r e as et hebr ai n’ se ffi c i e nc yi n pr oc e s s i ngands t or i ngi nf or ma t i on.Thi ss pac eal s oe nc our ag e sawayof bondi ng t hr ough phy s i c al ac t i v i t i e s whe r et he us e r se s t abl i s hi ng c onf i de nc e&mot i v a t i onf orl i f e . Thi sar c hi t e c t ur ec onc e ptoft hi ss pac ehasana t ur eofr hy t hm t opr ov ok e e ne r gyandmov e me nt .
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Thi ss pac es e r v e sasas pac ef ort heus e r si ne x pe r i e nc i ngs e ns or yoft as t e ands c e nt . Us e r sc ane nj oyt he i rme al she r easwe l l asbe i ngi mme r s e di na s c e nt e de nv i r onme ntbyv ar i ouspl ant s . Ar c hi t e c t ur ee l e me nt sandde s i gn oft hi ss pac ei nc l ude smodul ars t r uc t ur eofc ombi na t i onofas pac ef or e a t i ngandi nt e r ac t i ngaswe l l ass e ns eof na t ur e .
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Thi ss pac es e r v e s as a t he r ape ut i c al e nv i r onme ntf ort heus e r si nawe l ls ound i s ol a t e ds pac e , s ur r ounde dwi t hna t ur el i k e e l e me nt s . Wa t e rf e a t ur e s , pl ant s , and r a t t ans t r uc t ur e sc r e a t e sat r opi c alr e t r e a t e nv i r onme ntt ha tpr omot e she al i ngand me di t a t i on.
Me di t a t i onal ac t i v i t i e sanddaydr e ami ngr e t r ac tt hehumanbr ai n f r om s t r e s sand t e ns i on,ac hi ev i ngac l e ar e rmi nd and body t hr ought hes e t t i ngande nv i r onme ntof t hes pac e . Me di t a t i onand mi ndf ul ne s st r ai ni ng i mpac t son adj us t i ng c i r c adi an r hy t hm whi c hpr omot e sabe t t e rwe l l be i ngof c ogni t i v easwe l l asphy s i c al c ondi t i onof t hebodyandmi nd. Ar oma t i ct he r apyi sal s opr ov i de d t oe l ev a t et her e l ax e de x pe r i e nc e .
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A c e n t r a l h u b o f v a l u e s
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r ef er ence
r ef er ence