Frames: A Creative Urban Village by Jonathan Pun

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FRAMES: A CREATIVE URBAN VILLAGE Jonathan Pun MArch (ARB/RIBA Part II) University of Nottingham June 2019



SYNOPSIS The project proposes an urban village for creative communities. It seeks to create a city within a building, mixing programme across various levels and to develop complex interweaving of relations of living, working, production, and social life in specific urban contexts. The scheme is developed through exploring the five elements of an open form for developing a sustainable creative community: human scale urban form, mix of uses, porous edges, spatial flexibility and unfinished narrative. These elements offer potentials for robust intimate human interactions and the development of complex social networks that are conducive to creativity. The project is inspired by the urban spatial conditions observed in Shoreditch and several case studies. Creativity is not something that can be simply imported into the city on the backs of peripatetic computer hackers, skateboarders, gays, and assorted bohemians but must be organically developed through the complex interweaving of relations of living, working, production, and social life in specific urban contexts�. To develop this complex network of relations, it is imperative for architecture to propose spaces of hybridized occupancy and an open form to address the coexistence of diverse activities and uses within one space. In the era of knowledge economy, it is paramount for infrastructures to take an open form that empowers collaboration and collective creativity for knowledge production.



CONTENTS 01

Context Research The Creative Industry Case Study: Shoreditch Precedent Study : Tea Building Precedent Study : Frizz23 Precedent Study : Aufbau Haus

02

Site Context

03

Project Development Parti Programme Volumetric Analysis Massing Development Spatial Control Diversity

04

The Proposal Site Plan Plans Axo Sections Views Structural Strategy Environmental Strategy



01

Context Research The Creative Industry Case Study: Shoreditch Precedent Study : Tea Building Precedent Study : Frizz23 Precedent Study : Aufbau Haus


£1,824m £3,537m Others Design & Fashion 2% 4% £4,203m Architecture 5%

£8,237m Music 9%

Creative occupations outside the creative industries 35%

Creative occupations within the creative industries 35%

3.04m

£34, 704m IT, Software & Games 38%

jobs

1 in 11

£11,622m Publishing 13%

UK jobs

5%

year on year growth

Gross Value Added (GVA)

£91.8bn £12,312m Advertising 13%

Non-creative/support jobs within the creative industries 30%

£15,361m Film & TV 17%

Change in GVA 2010 - 2016

UK average

22.7%

2

Digital Creative industries

44.8%

a year (2016)


Over the last two decades, knowledge production in the form of creativity and innovation has been identified as the key driver for sustainable economic growth and prosperity. The advancement of knowledge technology, the introduction of cyber-physical systems, led to a rising trend in the development of technology-enabled platforms which usually emerged as start-up businesses. They often disrupt existing industry structures and create entirely new ways of consuming goods and services in the process. Google, Facebook, or more recently, Airbnb and Uber are vivid examples of these businesses which became global tech giants within a decade.

Technological advancement has created a new economic sector of growth and innovation based on knowledge production *Graph based on Clarke-Fischer sector model

3


CREATIVE CLUSTERS IN THE UK

% OF UK DIGITAL CREATIVE INDUSTRIES JOBS BY REGION 2016

7%

1%

7%

2% 5% 5%

3%

6% 8%

8% 16% 32%

High concentration High growth

JOB DENSITIES OF DIGITAL CREATIVE INDUSTRIES IN INNER LONDON

CHALLENGES orr eC ativ

ROLE OF SMEs

Flexible & innovative

4

The

it Dig

re al C

r

ido

Rising Lack of rents affordable space


8% 32%

High concentration High growth

JOB DENSITIES OF DIGITAL CREATIVE INDUSTRIES IN INNER LONDON

CHALLENGES orr eC ativ

ROLE OF SMEs

r

ido

e l Cr

Flexible & innovative

The

ita Dig

Rising Lack of rents affordable space

Active policy promoting TECH CITY to the east

Shoreditch has one of the highest concentrations of tech start-ups and digital creative industries in Europe. The digital transformation of many traditional creative industries in the 2000s has attracted a number of software companies, web designers and tech companies. The convergence of creativity and technology offers the combination of creative digital services and provides unlimited potential of entrepreneurship and start-up businesses (Foord, 2013). The thriving tech scene in the area was recognized by the government which launched a policy intervention in 2010 by naming the area as part of the Tech City, a strategy to further boost the development of tech firms to form a corridor further east to Stratford (GOV.UK, 2010). Shoreditch now forms part of the digital economy corridor which roughly runs from West End to Inner East London (see graph on the right). Although central and west London remain as the core of the city’s creative economy with high concentrations of creative firms and cultural infrastructure, the firms in Shoreditch have a unique role to play (Pratt, 2011). Many of the companies in the area tend to provide innovative services to the more established firms in central and West London, or even UK-wide and internationally (Pratt, 2011). The businesses in Shoreditch often portray an image of being risky, dynamic, able to respond faster and flexible and thus able to provide “out of the box” ideas and innovative services (Nathan, Vandore and Whitehead, 2012;

5


N

Inmarsat HQ

Amazon UK

KEY

LEGEND SMEs

International Firms

ICT Hackney

Digital Content Co-working Spaces

Islington

City of London

Tower Hamlets

Businesses Development

Data Source: Tech City Map http://www.techcitymap.com/index.html#/

THE CLUSTER The digital economy in the area is mainly supported by its “content� industries which include a variety of digitalized creative firms such as web advertising, e-commerce, mobile apps services etc. Many of these firms are small and medium enterprises (SMEs) which keep them mobile and flexible. The rich mix of businesses and expertise contributed to the robust creative cluster. 6


N

LEGEND Digital Creative Cafe / Bar / Restaurant Hotels / Meeting / Event Space Public Space Art School Cultural Venue Art Shop Transportation Node

THE MIX Work places of the digital creative industry are co-located with a variety of landuses within walking distances. The mix generates diversity by attracting different people and activities throughout the day. Cafes, bars and restaurants, act as community “anchor� points and serve as primary social spaces for knowledge sharing. The mix of land use is key in supporting the vibrant community. 7


Main Roads Semi-pedestrianized Streets

Street furniture reduces traffic speed and enhances walkability

High traffic roads are neighbourhoods dividers.

The micro public space was activated by social spaces.

THE HUMAN SCALE URBAN FABRIC Shoreditch consists of clusters of small building blocks interconnected by a network of permeable streets. The compact street pattern and spatial proximity eases movement between urban facilities and work places and prompts face-to-face human interactions. 8


The former industrial building is appropriated for workspaces with materiality, the architectural arch and even the title of the former occupant preserved.

The large windows featured in many old industrial buildings are re-used as the frontages of work spaces

Temporary architectural interventions in interstitial spaces provide playful and social opportunities.

New builds often uses simple architectural interventions Courtyards formed between buildings provide outdoor social spaces

ARCHITECTURAL INTERVENTIONS The creative industry tends to re-develop old industrial buildings as their offices, studios, various work and leisure spaces using simple and low-cost approaches. High visual connection and spatial flexibility are common features in these industrial buildings. 9


Multiple light wells help provide natural lighting.

The rooftop clubhouse and leisure spaces offer a vibrant lifestyle in creative communities.

The robust concrete frame offers flexible unit sizes and spatial re-configuration.

Generous circulation spaces facilitate face-toface interaction and serendipity production.

AHMM

SIMPLE STRUCTURE

THE FOUND SPACE 1890 - 1999

Simple yet robust structural frame enables spatial flexibility.

Built in several phases in the 20th century, it was used as storage with open floorplates and four lightwells.

ORMS

SPLIT REFUBISHMENT 2001 The Building was acquired by Derwent London and was split for refurbishment by the architects, AHMM and ORMS.

PRECEDENT STUDY : TEA BUILDING The Tea Building is a popular site for creative industries. The success of the Building lies on its spatial flexibility and the rich mix of disciplines.

10


THE MIX 7/F

STRATEGY FOR CREATIVE COMMUNITIES 6/F

Porosity Spatial Flexibility Small Scale

5/F

Mix Of Uses Unfinished Narrative

4/F

3/F

2/F

KEY Art Architects Fashion Media Marketing Restaurant Shoreditch House (club house) Biscuit (coworking space) Others Storage

1/F

G/F

Lift Stairs

TEA BUILDING

TEA BUILDING

BISCUIT BUILDING

BISCUIT BUILDING

SHOREDITCH HOUSE

16-UNIT SPLIT 2002

9-UNIT SPLIT + BISCUIT 2003

LARGER UNITS + BISCUIT + S-HOUSE 2010

The simple refurbishment apprioach splitted the entire site into 16 units.

A new tenant, biscuit building, took one third of the entire site in the east.

Shoreditch House shared the floor plates with the Biscuit Building.

PRECEDENT STUDY : TEA BUILDING Using a low-cost and simple design strategy, the site allowed a continuous spatial reconfiguration over the course of 10 years, accommodating a variety of tenants. This made the place more than just a building but a complete city block offering a vibrant lifestyle to the creative workers. 11


STRATEGY FOR CREATIVE COMMUNITIES Porosity Spatial Flexibility Small Scale

Architects: Deadline Architects Location: Berlin Area: 9324 m²

Mix Of Uses Unfinished Narrative

Forum

Offices Creative economy Art

Good mixture of creative industries

timesharing

Seminar rooms

Gastronomy

small units

Mini-loft

Long-term use Short-term use Shared use Co-working

Mini-lofts

PRECEDENT STUDY : FRIZZ23 Frizz23 is a Berlin Kreuzberg’s cultural co-ownership project - a place for art, creative industries and education. By mixing large and small units, and opportunities for timesharing, FRIZZ23 provides an interactive framework for creative work within an inspiring environment. 12

12% Art 4% Gastronomy

15% Mini-loft

Teaching rooms

15% Retail

22% Creative industry

mixture

Ground floor street-facing cafe and restaurant

32 % Education

Roof Garden

Shared Facilities


STRATEGY FOR CREATIVE COMMUNITIES Porosity Spatial Flexibility Small Scale Mix Of Uses

Architects: Barkow Leibinger + Clarke und Kuhn Location: Berlin Area: 24,428 m²

Unfinished Narrative

Art supplies shop

Generous outdoor atrium encourages human interactions

Ground floor street-facing commercial spaces, restaurants and galleries.

Large openings increases porosity

The flexible, simple yet robust concrete framework offers varying room height requirements and individual configuration needs for creative industry tenants

PRECEDENT STUDY : AUFBAU HAUS The Aufbau Haus closes a gap in the city block at the southwest side of Moritzplatz in Berlin Kreuzberg. The project established a creative center combining cultural offerings like exhibitions, theater and club events with numerous retail entities and service suppliers in support of the creative sector. 13



02

Site Context


Total employment (lines)

40,000

600,000

35,000

500,000

30,000 25,000

Southwark

400,000

20,000

Lambeth

300,000

Wandsworth

200,000

15,000 10,000

100,000

5,000 0

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

0

The growth of digital creative sector in Lambeth is much slower compared to other boroughs in central London.

>50%

Over half of the digital creative industries in Lambeth are concentrated at the northern ward. Lambeth council has identified 3 objectives to

boost the digital creative sector: Provision of a variety of

1 affordable workspace 2 proximity

Creative and digital businesses need and work in

clusters

Provision of

3 various

types of

workspace

Distribution of creative industries employment in Lambeth, 2015

KEY DEMOGRAPHIC FACTS 65+ 50 - 59

Ethnically diverse -

60% of the population

describe their ethnicity as other than white British

40 - 49 30 - 39 20 - 29 10 - 19 0-9 0

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

2016 population age structure, Lambeth (bars) & Greater London (line)

16

Employment in London (bars)

Creative Industries and Digital Sector employment in Lambeth, 2009-15


FIGURE GROUND PLAN

TRANSPORT NETWORK

MAJOR ART VENUES

MAJOR INSTITUTIONS

DIGITAL CREATIVE INDUSTRY

AFFORDABLE WORKSPACES

For the last two decades, the CDIs have been spreading out from the core, traditionally clustered in Soho, towards inner-east (Shoreditch) and then moving further east into Tower of Hamlets, and south into Waterloo and Southwark. However, the growth of CDIs in Lambeth is much slower compared to other boroughs in central London. 17


COVENT GARDEN

Oxo Tower

IBM

National Theatre

BFI

King’s College

South Bank Centre BFI IMAX

Waterloo Station London Eye

Young Vic

Old Vic

WESTMINISTER Build Studios The Vaults

Health Foundry

Old Paradise Yard

St. Thomas’ Hospital Imperial War Museum

18


The areas in Southbank and Waterloo are thriving cultural districts, hosting a variety of important artistic events and home to many major institutions. The site is located on the edge of transition zones, from major cultural venues to the north to the smaller independent theatres to the south. Being on “edge�, the site has the potential in drawing a wide spectrum of communities and people for cultural and knowledge exchange.

CITY OF LONDON

Tate Modern

Advertising

Software

SOUTHWARK

Architects

Architects

Marketing

London South Bank University

The Clarence Centre

Technopark

Site

Major Institution

Digital Creative Community 19


E

R L AT YA THE O E R AL TH ION T NA

rs UK arte M u B I dq a He

I BF

AX IM

OO RL E T WA TION A ST

ET

RE

T LS

C

EL

R

P OU

NG

E TH

VI

U YO

LEGEND Site Cultural facilities Institutions Residential Offices Social spaces

20


Georgian terraced housing on Roupell Street

Victorian warehouses on the site

The materiality of the site is mainly yellow stock bricks, a characteristic of the pre-1850 buildings.

21



03

Project Development Parti Programme Volumetric Analysis Massing Development Spatial Control Diversity


CASE STUDIES

Aufbau Haus

Frizz 23

Tea Building

FIVE ELEMENTS OF AN OPEN FORM

Porous Edges

Spatial Flexibility

Unfinished Narrative

Mix Of Typologies

Human-scale Form

PARTI Project seeks to create a city within a building, mixing programme across various levels and to develop complex interweaving of relations of living, working, production, and social life in specific urban contexts. The scheme is inspired by the urban spatial conditions observed in Shoreditch and the case studies in the Tea Building, Aufbau Haus and Frizz23. 24

Shoreditch


THE FORUM

Cinemas

Art shops

CREATIVE HUB

Ideas

Breakout spaces

Story Dev.

Co-working

Technology Dev.

Script writing

Play zone

FILM ACADEMY

Galleries / exhibition

Café

Fabrication

Meeting

CREATIVITY

Seminars

Cast and Crew Principle photography

Drawing

Events

Video Production

Props Making

Photography

Cooking

CO-LIVING

PROGRAMME The programme mainly consists of four parts. (1) The Forum: a collection of public facilities encouraging knowledge sharing; (2) Film Academy: a school for young people to learn video production; (3) Creative Hub: provision of various sizes of affordable workspaces; (4) Co-living: provision of affordable living spaces for the community. 25


SMALL COMMUNITIES

1 - BEDROOM FLAT

CONCRETE STRUCTURAL FRAME

ENSUITE ROOMS

ARCHITECTURAL FRAMEWORK

CO-LIVING COMMON ROOM

3.3m 6.6m 3.3m

6.6

m

m

6.6

SPATIAL DIMENSIONS

GYM ROOM

VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS A 6.6m concrete structural frame is adopted for providing the architectural framework to accommodate the diverse activities and flexible uses in the creative community. 26


SEMINAR ROOM

RECORDING STUDIO

MEETING ROOM

PHOTOGRAPHIC STUDIO

CLASSROOM

SCREEN ROOM

CO-WORKING SPACE / OFFICE

GENEROUS CIRCULATION SPACE

VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS The various spatial requirements were explored through the above models.

27


PROJECT AREA

THE STRUCTURE

SEPERATE BUILDINGS

INHABITATION OF COMMUNITIES

MERGING BUILDINGS

ACTIVATING COURTYARD

VIEW CORRIDORS

INTEGRATION INTO NEIGHBOURHOOD

MASSING DEVELOPMENT 28


FILM ACADEMY

APPEARANCE

SCREEN-WRITING VIDEO PRODUCTION

CREATIVE HUB

CORES

LABS STUDIOS CO-WORKING

CIRCULATION

CO-LIVING

ATRIUM INTERNAL STREET

EN-SUITE ROOMS SHARED KITCHEN

PUBLIC PROGRAMMES

SOCIAL SPACE

SHOP LIBRARY ART GALLERY

GYM SPORTS

BAR CAFETERIA

SPATIAL CONTROL 29


Shared facilities

Long-term lease

Co-working

Small units

Short-term lease

Large units

DIVERSITY By utilizing large amount of shared spaces, mixing large and small units, and provision of various lease conditions, the scheme actively supports diversity and providing constant stimulus. 30


31



04

The Proposal Site Plan Plans Axo Sections Views Structural Strategy Environmental Strategy


SITE PLAN Scale 1 : 2000 32


33


1. Shop 2. Cafe 3. Exhibition 4. Indoor cinema / auditorium 5. Film archive 6. Cafeteria 7. Bar 8. Kitchen 9. Play zone 10. Screen room 11. Classroom / Seminar room 12. Recording studio 13. Editing room 14. Soundstage 15. Outdoor cinema / amphitheatre 16. Sports ground 17. Utility 18. Storage

GROUND FLOOR PLAN Scale 1 : 400 34


35


1. Shop 2. Film library 3. GYM room 4. Art Gallery / Exhibition 5. Meeting room 6. Event / seminar room 7. Outdoor cinemat 8. Classroom / seminar room 9. Film academy faculty offices 10. Screenwriters room 11. Study room

FIRST FLOOR PLAN Scale 1 : 400 36


37


1. Coworking space 2. Shared pantry 3. Creative work space 4. Meeting room 5. Roof garden 6. Photography studio 7. Props making studio 8. Co-living reception 9. Co-living common area 10. Co-living ensuite rooms 11. Two bedroom flat 12. Laundry room 13. Utility 14. Office

SECOND FLOOR PLAN Scale 1 : 400 38


39


1. Coworking space 2. Shared pantry 3. Creative work space 4. Roof Garden 5. Atrium 6. Co-living common room 7. Co-living ensuite rooms 8. Two bedroom flat

THIRD FLOOR PLAN Scale 1 : 400 40


41


1. Creative work space 2. Shared pantry 3. Atrium 4. Roof Garden 5. Co-living common room 6. Co-living ensuite rooms 7. Two bedroom flat

FORTH FLOOR PLAN Scale 1 : 400

SHORT SECTION 42


43


1. Creative work space 2. Atrium 3. Roof garden 4. Studio 5. One bedroom flat

FIFTH FLOOR PLAN Scale 1 : 400

LONG SECTION 44


45


ACTIVITY / USES

USER

OPPORTUNITY

Residential

Business / job opportunity

Public

Sports

Skill learning / knowledge transfer

Student

Café / bar / restaurant

Inspiration

Creative worker

Entertainment

Socializing / networking

Co-working

Collaboration

Public lecture / Seminar

S CY ES N IN AGE S BU ING IS s RT nt E V de tu ent AD s to nd ns pe sio nde i e i ers mm co rt th mak ents o lm tal p p fi ct su ra att

Meeting Resources Retail Business Exhibition / movie screening Video production Education

RY NT NT E PA AINM T ER

T

EN

D

OR

SP

M UN GY RO G TS

Y ER M LL RIU A G TO R DI INA AU EM S

AR

46

T

OP IL TA SH RE LIES PP SU

OR DO A T OUINEM C


G

IN RK WOTUP CO TAR S

T G IN FLA LIV OM RO ED

G

KIN

S ES SIN UP U B RT A ST

MA PS DIO O PR STU

2B

G IN LIVED M CO AR ROO SH N O M M CO

ps Pro ork w art or

eo Vidon i t uc

od pr

ss

e sin

n

o ati or

p op

nit

tu

y

o /c

b lla

Bu

AR IN M SE OOM R

Y EM N ADCTIO C A M DU FIL PRO T OS

P

T R BA RAN NT U ME A ST IN RE RTA E T EN

ing rn ea tion l s c ill du ity sk ro un o pport e vidb op jo

RY RA IVE LIB RCH A ILM

F

s ce g ur so on Re d am ers s are u sh rious va

A CITY WITHIN A BUIDLING The scheme celebrates diversity and collaboration among a diverse background of people. The mixed programmes and uses provide a robust creative milieu for the development of a complex social network and the production of creativity. 47


ENTRAN 48


NCE VIEW 49


ATRIUM 50


M VIEW 51


52


53


CONSTURCTION SEQUENCE The structure is mainly constructed with pre-fabricated concrete components. This strategy is appropriate the project as the architectural framework composed of repetitive elements and forms. This also facilitates quick and easy construction process. 54


MATERIAL PALETTE

GRC light concrete GRC dark concrete

Timber battens

Wooden flooring

55


Detail 1

Detail 2

CONSTURCTION SECTION Scale 1 : 100 56


Detail 1 - Typical Timber Battens Facade Construction: 100mm timber battens Steel rail support system 25mm air cavity breather membrane 12mm SFS sheathing board 150mm mineral wool insulation between studs vapour control layer 25mm vertical timber battens 25mm air cavity for services; insulation 2 layers of 12.5mm plasterboard

Detail 2 - Ground Floor Construction: 20mm wood floor finishes 75mm screed containing heating pipe systems vapour control layer 50mm thermal insulation 270mm rigid insulation damp-proof membrane 250mm cast in-situ reinforced concrete slab 30mm insulation 50mm sand binding

57


AIR HANDLING UNIT (AHU) DAYLIGHT Even daylight penetration in central atrium HIGH-PERFORMANCE ENVELOPE Insulation / airtightness ROOF GARDENS

Exposed concrete soffit

MECHANICAL VENTILATION

HIGH THERMAL MASS STACK VENTILATION

ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY 58


59


A piece of work by the author for Architecture MArch (ARB/RIBA Part II) in the Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

Author Jonathan Pun

Design Studio Tutor Katharina Borsi Mike Oades

Email smpun1017@gmail.com Linkedin https://www.linkedin.com/in/jonathan-pun-1017/


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