Resolution Booklet 11th National Session of the European Youth Parliament Sweden 13th to 16th of March 2015
Contents Page 3
Programme of the General Assembly
4
Procedure for the General Assembly
5 Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Industry, Re- search and Energy II (ITRE II) 8 Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Environment, Public Health and Food Safety (ENVI) 11 Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Industry, Re- search and Energy I (ITRE I) 14 Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Region Develop ment (REGI) 17 Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Legal Affairs (JURI) 21 Motion for a Resolution By The Committee on Climate Change (CLIM) 23 Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs (ECON) 27 Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE)
2 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Programme of the General Assembly 830-1000 Debate 1: Committee on Industry, Research and Energy II (ITRE II) Debate 2: Committee on Environment, Public Health and Food Safety (ENVI) 1000-1015
Coffee Break
1015-1145 Debate 3: Committee on Industry, Research and Energy I (ITRE I) Debate 4: Committee on Region Development (REGI) 1145-1230 Lunch 1230-1400 Debate 5: Committee on Legal Affairs (JURI) Debate 6: Committee on Climate Change (CLIM) 1400-1415
Coffee Break
1415-1545 Debate 7: Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs (ECON) Debate 8: Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE) 1545-1645
Closing Ceremony
3 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Procedure for the General Assembly General rules The wish to speak is indicated by rasing the Committee placard. The authority of the Board is absolute. Procedure and time settings 1. Presentation of the Motion for a resolution (The Board read out the topic and introduce any Friendly Amendments); 2. Defence Speech (maximum 3 minutes); 3. Attack Speech (2 times 2 minutes); 4. Response to the Attack Speech (2 minutes); 5. Open Debate on the Motion for a Resolution; 6. Summation Speech (maximum 3 minutes); 7. Voting procedure; 8. Announcement of the voting results by the Board; Friendly amendments Put forward by the Proposing Committee, these are last-minute modifications aiming at improving the Resolution. Amendments are to be handed to the Board two Resolutions in advance – or as early as possible for the first Debates of the day. Points of Personal Privilege These are requests for a Delegate to repeat a point that was inaudible. Failure to understand the language being spoken does not make for a Point of Personal Privilege. Direct Responses Once per debate, each Committee may use the ”Direct Response” sign once. Should a Committee member raise the Committee Placard and the ”Direct Response” sign during the Open Debate, he/she will immediately be recognised by the Board and given the floor as soon as the point being made is concluded. If two ore more Direct Responses are requested at once, the Board will decide which Committee to recognise. In this case, the second Direct Response shall only be held if it can be referred to the first Direct Response, so on and so forth. Points of Order These can be raised by the Chairperson if a delegate feels the Board have not properly followed Parliamentary procedure. Ultimately, the authority of the Board is absolute. Defence Speech One member of the Proposing Committee delivers the Defence Speech from the podium. It is used to explain the rationale of the overall lines of the Resolution and to convince the Plenary that the Resolution is worthy of being adopted. This speech can last a maximum om three minutes.
4 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Industry, Research and Energy II (ITRE II) “The European Energy Union?”: With current geopolitical events serving as a worrying reminder of the EU’s heavy reliance on fossil fuels and natural gas imports, how should the EU balance upholding existing energy trade relations with the development of self-sustainable means of energy production? Submitted by: Eric Axdorph (Franska Skolan), Siri Blomberg (IHGR), Jack Brereton (Nacka Gymnasium), Aaron Daniel (International Delegate, CH), Isak Ekman (Sigrid Rudebecks gymnasium), Frida Eriksson (Bäckängsgymnasiet), Julie Fiskerstrand (International Delegate, NO), Beatrice Kang (Kungsholmens gymnasium), Hannes Lundkvist (Haganässkolan), Alicia Sjöberg (Dragonskolan), Agnes Karin Maria Sundby (Jämtlands Gymnasiumm Wargentin), Martyna Szumniak (Malmö Borgarskola), Sagal Yusuf Muhamed (Klippans Gymnasieskola), Tua Malmberg (Chairperson, SE), Olivia Rashidi (Chairperson, NO).
The European Youth Parliament, A. Recognising that EU’s reliance on the import of fossil fuels makes it more susceptible to political problems stemming from current geopolitical events, B. Realising that the EU imports 53% of the energy it consumes annually1, C. Noting that many Member States are dependent on imports of natural gas from non-EU countries, such as Russia and Saudi-Arabia, D. Alarmed that 90% of the EU’s total energy consumption is comprised of non-renewable energy sources, E. Aware that the EU has not taken full advantage of the numerous ways of making production and consumption of energy more efficient, F. Emphasising the EU’s aim of balancing upholding existing trade relations with developing its energy sector and moving towards self-sustainability,
1
The EU imports 90 % of its crude oil, 66 % of its natural gas, 42 % of its coal and other solid fuels, 40 % of its uranium, and other nuclear fuels. (Imports and secure supplies, European Commission,03/2015)
5 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
G. Conscious of the EU’s desire for common policy objectives that would ensure competitiveness, security of supply, and sustainability of Member States with regards to energy, H. Noting with concern that power market challenges within the EU may hinder competitiveness within the European energy sector, I. Noting with approval the EU’s 2020, 2030 and 2050 energy frameworks2, J. Stressing that currently 13 Member States are predicted not to reach the 2020 environmental targets unless additional measures are taken, thereby delaying the completion of the 2030 and 2050 targets, K. Reminding that Member States are required to take the necessary steps to reach these binding goals by their respective deadlines; L. Fully aware that the high costs and slow progress associated with renewable energy make the field less attractive for Member State investment, M. Observing that differences in the Member States’ capabilities of energy production result in different energy mixes3 in Member States,
1. Invites the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy to maintain diplomatic dialogue with current trading partners whilst preparing for future geopolitical events; 2. Encourages the European Commission to initiate further investment4 in the advancement of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency whilst nurturing currently established trade relations with existing partners; 3. Calls upon the European Investment Bank5 to invest in further research on renewable energy sources;
2
These frameworks are a set of binding legislation, which aim to ensure the EU meets its ambitious climate and energy targets. The 2020 and 2030 frameworks include a renewable energy target at 20% and 27% respectively. The 2030 framework also includes a 27% energy efficiency target. The 2050 Roadmap sets out the EU’s intention to transition to a low carbon economy by 2050.
3
Energy mix is the range of energy sources that are used in a region to meet energy needs. For each country, the energy mix depends on the availability of resources or the possibility of importing these. Currently renewable energy technologies, such as onshore wind farms, hydropower, geothermal and solid biomass, are financed, and the expansion of early-stage or evolving technologies such as solar, offshore wind, and second generation bio-fuels are strongly encouraged. Supporting renewable energy, European Investment Bank, 04/2013 The European Investment Bank is the European Union’s nonprofit long-term lending institution established in 1958 under the Treaty of Rome. As a “policy-driven bank” whose shareholders are the member states of the EU, the EIB uses its financing operations to bring about European integration and social cohesion.
4 5
6 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
4. Urges the European Commission to promote cross-border cooperation between Member States in the diversification of the European energy sector; 5. Invites the Directorate General for Energy6 to initiate a global knowledge exchange programme between countries with similar climate or geographical conditions that are investing in renewable energy; 6. Recommends Member States reduce their dependency on non-EU energy suppliers in the shortterm by prioritising EU suppliers; 7. Calls for Member States to reduce their energy imports by increasing the energy efficiency of EU producers and consumers through district heating7, zero energy buildings8, national smart grids9, and super grids10; 8. Further recommends Member States increase their domestic production of renewable energy based on their individual capabilities and resources in the long-term; 9. Further encourages Member States to subsidise11 renewable energy with the support from the European Energy Efficiency Fund. 10. Emphasises the importance for each Member State to achieve the goals for industry, research and energy as set out in the 2020, 2030 and 2050 frameworks in accordance with the specified timeline; 11. Supports private sector investment in renewable energy research and development in other regions such as the MENA12; 12. Expresses its hope that these companies will utilise this knowledge to strengthen the European energy sector;
6 The Directorate- General of Energy is focused on creating a competitive internal energy market to lower prices, to develop renewable energy sources, to reduce energy dependence and to reduce energy consumption. 7 District heating is a system for distributing heat generated in a centralised location for residential and commercial heating requirements such as space heating and water heating. 8 A zero energy building is a building with the total amount of energy used being equal to the amount of renewable energy created. 9 A national smart grid is an electricity supply network that uses digital communications technology to detect and react to local changes in usage. 10 A super grid is a wide area transmission network that makes it possible to trade high volumes of electricity across great distances. 11 Subsidies are measures that keep prices for consumers below market levels or for producers above market levels, or reduce costs for consumers and producers. 12 MENA stands for the Middle East and North Africa Region. Oxford dictionary.
7 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Environment, Public Health and Food Safety (ENVI) “The Dangerous Fall “: The recent drop in oil prices is having a negative impact on the global investment in clean energy, with the share prices of many European green energy companies falling below the broader market. How should the EU best drive its clean energy agenda forward in a prolonged period of low crude prices? Submitted by: Isabelle Beaunez Lundqvist (IHGR), Katarina Bergroth (Göteborgs Högre Samskola), Atran Gebregziabher (Franska Skolan), Ann-Sofie Koutsis Olsen (International Delegate, DK), Minea Lindqvist (Österportskolan), Lars Lundgren (Enskilda Gymnasiet), Klara Lundqvist (Sigrid Rudebecks gymnasium), Emmy Mared (Klippans Gymnasieskola), Matthias Masini (International Delegate, CH), Natalie Mörtl (Bäckängsgymnasiet), Mandelina Sandström (Dragonskolan), Ban Shareef (S:t Petri Skola), Erik Lewenhaupt (Chairperson, SE), Tobias Paul Satlow (Chairperson, AT).
The European Youth Parliament, A. Fully aware that green energy is more expensive to produce and use than fossil fuels, making renewable energy less desirable1, B. Bearing in mind that the current low oil prices2 have caused a decrease in private companies’ interest to use green energy, C. Concerned by the overall dependency on fossil fuels across the EU , which is due to both an inability and/or unwillingness to change,
1 2
As stated in the Levelized Cost and Levelized Avoided Cost of New Generation Resources in the Annual Energy Outlook, U.S. Energy Information Agency, April 2014 The price of a barrel of oil in January 2014 peaked at USD 110 per barrel whereas, in December 2014 it dropped to USD 50 per barrel (Investment Mine website, last updated March 2015)
8 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
D. Convinced that Member States require further financial and technical support in order to become self-sustainable low carbon economies3, E. Recognising that green companies4 require financial and technical assistance at both Member State and EU level in order to expand given the current competition on the energy market5, F. Noting with regret that during the transition to becoming a more environmentally sustainable business, companies can lose their competitive advantage, G. Strongly believing that the transition towards a low carbon economy will create more jobs within the EU, H. Alarmed that only seven Member States currently have emission taxes6,
1. Recommends Member States increase financial investments into the research and production of clean energy to make it more affordable; 2. Strongly urges Member States further ease the process of transitioning into green energy sources for private companies through financial incentives such as tax breaks; 3. Encourages Member States to provide financial and technical assistance7 to Small and Medium-sized Enterprises8 which are adopting green energy;
Low-carbon economy (LCE) is an economy that has a minimal output of Greenhouse Gas (GHG)emissions into the environment biosphere, but specifically refers to the GHG carbon dioxide. Its reliance on low carbon energy sources heavily reduces GHG emissions. 4 A green company is a business functioning in a capacity where no negative impact is made on the local or global environment, the community, or the economy. A green business will also engage in forward-thinking policies for environmental concerns and policies affecting human rights. 5 Energy markets are commodity markets that deal specifically with the trade and supply of energy. 6 An emission tax, also known as a carbon tax, is a tax on fossil fuels, especially those used by motor vehicles, intended to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. Europe’s experience with carbon-energy taxation, Sapiens, 2010 7 The providing of advice, assistance, and training pertaining to the installation, operation, and maintenance of equipment (Oxford English Dictionary). 8 An SME is an enterprise which employs fewer than 250 persons and which has an annual turnover not exceeding EUR 50 million, and/or an annual balance sheet total not exceeding EUR 43 million. (Commission Recommendation Concerning the Definition of Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, May 2003). 3
9 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
4. Requests the European Commission and Member States allocate more resources from the European Social Fund (ESF)9 to companies that are prioritising the creation of green jobs10; 5. Calls upon the European Commission to establish a scheme, similar to the EU ecolabel11, which will certify EU companies that reach a minimum level of sustainability; 6. Urges the European Commission to redistribute funds under the Multiannual Financial Framework12, during the mid-term review in 2016, to companies striving to use green energy sources; 7. Calls for the European Investment Bank (EIB)13 to provide more funding to projects within Member States that will achieve the Europe 2020 goals; 8. Invites Member States, through an Open Method of Cooperation14, to introduce a minimum tax for GHG emissions.
9 The European Social Fund is Europe’s main instrument for supporting jobs, helping people get better jobs and ensuring fairer job opportunities for all EU citizens. Sustainable development and aco-technology is one of the focus areas of the ESF. 10 A green job is work in agricultural, manufacturing, research and development, administrative, and service activities that contribute(s) substantially to preserving or restoring environmental quality (United Nations Environment Programme) 11 The EU Ecolabel scheme is a commitment to environmental sustainability based on criteria developed and agreed upon by scientists, NGOs and stakeholders to create a credible and reliable way to make environmentally responsible choices. 12 The Multiannual Financial Framework lays down the maximum annual amounts which the EU may spend in different political fields over a period of at least 5 years. 13 The European Investment Bank is the European Union’s nonprofit long-term lending institution established in 1958 under the Treaty of Rome. As a “policy-driven bank” whose shareholders are the member states of the EU, the EIB uses its financing operations to bring about European integration and social cohesion. It provides funds in areas of sustainability, competitiveness in energy supply, energy efficiency technology and supply security. 14 The OMC provides a new framework for cooperation between the Member States, whose national policies can thus be directed towards certain common objectives. Under this intergovernmental method, the Member States are evaluated by one another (peer pressure), with the Commission’s role being limited to surveillance.
10 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Industry, Research and Energy I (ITRE I) “Extending the Benefits”: The use of digital technologies in key areas of public interest can help the EU tackle social challenges, while making it cheaper, faster and easier for citizens to interact with public bodies. How should the EU ensure the wider incorporation of ICT-enabled and supported benefits in its social policy? Submitted by: Oda Aga (International Delegate, NO), Joakim Agri (Kungsholmens gymnasium), Yasmina Baladi (Klippans Gymnasieskola), Zackarias Blad (Hässleholms Tekniska Skola), Erik Centerlind (Hersby Gymnasium), Victoria Frantz (Haganässkolan), Jennifer Holmgren (Minerva Gymnasium), Maja Landin (Bäckängsgymnasiet), Christian Alexander Schulz (International Delegate, CH), Rebecca Ternström (Österportskolan), Nike Norberg-Vanhove (Umeå Internationella Gymnasium), Anna Clara Örtendahl (Chairperson, SE), Ioanna Yiallourides (Chairperson, CY).
The European Youth Parliament, A. Bearing in mind that the EU has a shared competence under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union1 in the area of investment in digital technologies2, B. Observing that there is a large disparity between Member States in terms of digital maturity3 and digital penetration4, particularly in the use of Information and Communication Technologies5 (ICT) by public bodies,
1 2 3 4 5
The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union specifies under Article 4 that social policy is a shared competence between the EU and Member States. Digital Technologies refer to the design and use of computerised systems for work and communication. Digital Maturity in the EU refers to the level of development and advancement of digital technologies and ICT in a specific country or region. Digital penetration in the EU refers to the level of infiltration and use of digital technologies such as hardware and software devices, within a specific country or region. Information and communications technology (ICT) is an umbrella term for information 3 technologies that stimulate communication.
11 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
C. Concerned that over 100 million Europeans have never used the Internet6, which highlights the current level of exclusion in terms of ICT-enabled benefits and involvement in eGovernment7,
D. Noting with deep concern the unequal usage of digital technologies and eGovernment platforms, particularly amongst elderly people, citizens in remote geographic areas, and citizens from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds; E. Alarmed by the fact that there is currently a deficit of 700,000 qualified workers within the ICT8 sector, which is expected to increase to 900,000 by 20209, F. Believing that there is considerable potential to increase efficiency in healthcare administration through the implementation of eHealth10, G. Keeping in mind that official EU websites are complex, inefficient, and non user-friendly, which hinders eGovernment interaction with European citizens;
1. Calls for the further use of digital technology and ICT to enhance the interaction between European citizens and public bodies under the framework of the Digital Agenda for Europe (DAE)11; 2. Asks the European Institute of Innovation and Technology12 (EIIT) to coordinate the creation of an online platform, modelled on Flipboard13, where citizens will be able to manage all their eGovernment and ICT needs; 3. Calls upon the EIIT to launch a collaboration platform which will make it possible for young people to educate older people on the basics of digital technology;
6 7
European Commission Website, European Commission, 2013. eGoverment refers to the interaction between citizens and government through digital means. The use of the ICTs in public administration is used to improve public service and democratic processes. 8 eSkills for jobs in Europe, European Commission, 2014. 9 eSkills for jobs in Europe, European Commission, 2014. 10 eHealth refers to healthcare practice supported by electronic processes and communication. The EU has a 2020 Action Plan to expand and enhance the use of eHealth across Europe. 11 The Digital Agenda for Europe aims to reboot Europe’s economy and help Europe’s citizens and businesses to get the most out of digital technologies. It is the first of seven flagship initiatives under Europe 2020, the EU’s strategy to deliver smart sustainable and inclusive growth. 12 The European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIIT) aims to enhance Europe’s ability to innovate in digital technologies. 13 Flipboard enables its users to personally choose content and subject areas relevant to them, simplify and summarise content from various sources of information and provide country relevant news for the user, based on geolocation.
12 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
4. Encourages the European Commission to use the funding opportunities under the DAE to facilitate the interaction between citizens and public bodies by providing free access to ICT Services in libraries and by establishing public centres in smaller communities; 5. Urges the European Investment Bank14 to fund projects that improve internet access within Member States; 6. Recommends all EU Institutions improve the effectiveness of their websites by redesigning the layout and simplifying the language; 7. Suggests that Member States coordinate a pilot project within their healthcare sector to simplify existing administrative processes by testing: a) new ICT systems where there is limited eHealth; b) improved and enhanced ICT systems in Member States with advanced eHealth.
14 The European Investment Bank is the European Union’s nonprofit long-term lending institution established in 1958 under the Treaty of Rome. As a “policy-driven bank” whose shareholders are the member states of the EU, the EIB uses its financing operations to bring about European integration and social cohesion.
13 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Region Development (REGI) “Unlocking the urban potential”: With the agreed reforms, the transition to a low-carbon economy has been identified as one of the main priorities for the 2014-2020 term of the EU Cohesion Policy. Seeing that cities are key players in the regional implementation of this goal, how should the EU address urban challenges and engage cities in this transition? Submitted by: Alice Brown (Sundsvalls Gymnasium), Anton Erlandsson (Internationella engelska gymnasiet södermlam), Felix Faltings (International delegate, CH), Nelly Gunnarson (Nacka Gymnasium), Temisan Hambraeus (Kungsholmens gymnasium), Tove Larsson (Minerva Gymnasium), Anastasia Madkur (S:T Petri skola), Kenneth Muldbak (International Delegate, DK), David Ohlin (Österportskolan), Agnes Åstot (Umeå Internationella Gymnasium), Giorgi Gugeniahvili (Chairperson, GE), Maria Köpping (Chairperson, AT).
The European Youth Parliament, A. Aware that urbanisation1 in the EU increases greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, B. Noting with regret that economic interests often take priority over environmental issues at both EU and Member State level, C. Bearing in mind that cities across the EU have varying assets and needs due to their varied geographical, social and economic conditions, D. Expressing its concern that the Cohesion Policy2 does not put enough emphasis on promoting sustainable development in urban areas,
1 2
Urbanisation is a population shift from rural to urban areas, and the ways in which society adapts to the change. It predominantly results in the physical growth of urban areas, be it horizontal or vertical. Also referred to as the regional policy, the Cohesion Policy aims to improve the economic well-being of regions in the EU and to avoid regional disparities. For 2014-2020, it names developing integrated low-carbon strategies in urban areas as one of its priorities (Regional Policy - The EU’s main investment policy, European Commission, 2015)
14 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
E. Emphasising the importance of funding for research into sustainable architecture3 and technologies, F. Deeply convinced that cities will be unable to transition successfully towards a low-carbon economy without financial support from the EU, G. Alarmed by unnecessary additional GHG emissions due to driving in a non-eco-friendly manner and congestions, H. Deeply regretting that public transport is costly and heavily reliant on fossil fuels, and there is a lack of cooperation between provider companies, I. Believing that these public transportation companies do not sufficiently exploit current opportunities for eco-friendly development, J. Expressing its dissatisfaction with the low level of participation of citizens and businesses in environment-related local decision-making processes due to a lack of information; 1. Calls upon the European Commission to allocate one third of the performance reserve under the Cohesion Policy4 to reward cities that have achieved GHG targets in the next budgetary period5; 2. Requests the European Commission focus the first priority of the Cohesion Policy6 on environmental research for future budgetary periods; 3. Invites the European Investment Bank7 (EIB) to provide starting capital for self-sustaining projects allowing cities to implement and promote sustainable architecture;
3 4 5 6 7
Sustainable architecture minimises the negative environmental impact of buildings by the efficient and moderate use of materials, energy and development space. Making up 6% of the total budget, the performance reserve rewards good performance in achieving set targets. The Multi-Annual Financial Framework (MFF) lays down the maximum annual amounts which the EU may spend in six different political fields over a period of at least 5 years; the next MFF will cover the 2021-2027 time period. “Strengthen research, technological development and innovation� is the first priority of the Cohesion Policy. The European Investment Bank (EIB) borrows money on the capital markets and lends it at a low interest rate to projects that improve infrastructure, energy supply or environmental standards.
15 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
4. Encourages Member States to give financial support to large cities8 which establish Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs)9 under priority four of the Cohesion Policy10; 5. Recommends cities implement new Intelligent Transportation System11 technology, such as vehicular communication systems12 and smart traffic lights13; 6. Supports the utilisation of reports by environmental experts as a basis for future decisions regarding traffic policy in urban areas; 7. Further encourages Member States to include eco-driving14 in their curricula for driving lessons; 8. Calls for the European Regional Development Fund15 to financially support public transport companies becoming more eco-friendly and adopting standardised ticket services16; 9. Further recommends Member States offer tax exemptions for companies investing in previously non-existent public transport alternatives; 10. Strongly urges the European Commission launch a media campaign on how citizens and businesses can become involved in the decision-making process on environmental policies at local and EU level.
8 Large cities have 100 000 inhabitants and more. 9 The Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs) were implemented with the 2013 Urban Mobility Package and adapted to specific needs of the cities. SUMPs are long-term visions about the provision of high-quality sustainable mobility and transport. 10 ‘Supporting the shift towards a low-carbon economy’ is the fourth priority of the Cohesion Policy. 11 Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are advanced applications aiming to provide innovative services relating to different modes of transport and traffic management. 12 A vehicular communication system is a type of network in which vehicles and roadside units are the communicating nodes, providing each other with information, such as safety warnings and traffic information. 13 Smart traffic lights can monitor and react to traffic flow. 14 Eco-driving is a driving practice intended to improve fuel economy in automobiles by increasing engine efficiency, reducing aerodynamic drag, rolling friction, and energy lost to braking. 15 The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) is one of the Cohesion Policy’s main funds aims to strengthen economic and social cohesion in the European Union by correcting imbalances between its regions. 16 Made in cooperation between public transport provider companies, standardised tickets are valid for all means of public transportation in certain areas.
16 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Legal Affairs (JURI) “Towards a Digital Single Market”: The creation of a connected digital single market in the EU can generate up to €250 billion of additional growth while transforming Europe into a knowledge-based society. How should the EU make better use of opportunities offered by digital technologies and take the necessary legislative and regulatory steps towards a connected single market? Submitted by: Julia Alsterberg (Göteborgs Högre Samskola), Charlotta Borglin (Hässleholms Tekniska Skola), Karina Chammas (Sundsvalls gymnasium), Johanna Davidsson (Malmö Borgarskola), William Dieden Richter (Hersby Gymnasium), Gustav Wallgren (Dragonskolan), Katja Häglund (Kungsholmens Gymnasium), Stina Jiang (Umeå Internationella Gymnasium), Emma Johansson Walter (IHGR), Ida Kvarnbrink (Minerva Gymnasium), Kristin Marie Emaus (International Delegate, NO), Samuel Runge (Sigrid Rudebecks gymnasium), Noura Beroubba (Chairperson, SE), Sabrina Ariana Mellerowic (Chairperson, DE).
The European Youth Parliament, A. Notes with deep concern that the fragmented Digital Single Market (DSM) does not utilise the full potential created by the digital revolution1, B. Acknowledging that the economic growth from a completed DSM would increase the EU28 GDP by 4%2, C. Recognising that differences in regulations and infrastructure of the telecommunication sector between Member States are causing a fragmented market, D. Deeply concerned by outdated IT systems within Member States leading to insufficient public administration, E. Deeply regretting that the insufficient information available on eGovernment3, has led to a lack of trust in security of these systems amongst citizens, 1 2 3
The Digital Revolution refers to the advancement of technology from analog electronic and mechanical devices to the digital technology available today. The era started to during the 1980s and is ongoing. The Digital Revolution also marks the beginning of the Information Era. (The digital economy is crucial for growth, Business Europe, 2014) eGovernment uses digital tools and systems to provide better public services to citizens and businesses. (European Commission, Digital Agenda for Europe - Public Services)
17 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
F. Realising that the EU’s current out-dated Intellectual Property (IP) legislation fails to address the needs brought about by the digital revolution, G. Deeply alarmed by the lack of harmonised EU-wide IP legislation restricting consumer’s access to digital content and companies’ ability to expand their activities to other Member States, H. Deeply disturbed that the lack of fast broadband availability across the EU puts it in a disadvantageous position compared to other global actors such as the USA and China, I. Having considered that the lack of internet broadband access in rural areas4 is causing segregation between urban and rural areas, problems in the flow of information to rural areas, and exclusion from the DSM, J. Noting with regret that telecommunication operators lack interest in developing broadband internet in rural areas, K. Concerned that consumers avoid international trade due to the perceived lack of security while making cross border online transactions, L. Noting with deep concern that consumers face additional expenses when ordering goods and services from other Member States, M. Alarmed by the administrative burden faced by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)5 which makes it difficult for them to access the DSM;
1. Welcomes the establishment of the Digital Agenda for Europe (DAE)6 by the European Commission; 2. Strongly suggests national telecommunication operators from all Member States cooperate to facilitate their expansion across the EU; 3. Encourages the European Commission to establish an equal framework for all Member States under DAE Pillar VII/Action 897; 4. Calls for the simplification and improvement of current information available on EU institutions’ websites regarding eGovernment;
4 5 6 7
Four out of five households in rural areas do not have access to internet broadband. (Connected Europe? Broadband for all is the answer, BLOG POST - By Günther H. Oettinger, November 2014) An SME is an enterprise which employs fewer than 250 persons and which has an annual turnover not exceeding EUR 50 million, and/or an annual balance sheet total not exceeding EUR 43 million (Commission Recommendation Concerning the Definition of Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, 2003). See Fact Sheet See Fact Sheet
18 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
5. Appreciates the European Commission’s stance towards the modernisation of the current IP Directive (2001/29/EC)8 as stated in Pillar I/Action 1029 of the DAE; 6. Urges the European Commission to propose an update to the current IP Directive so as to: a) increase harmonisation of the different IP legislation in Member States, b) update IP legislation to address the needs of the digital era; 7. Recommends the European Investment Bank (EIB)10 allocate more funds to the development of fast broadband connections as described in Pillar IV/Action 4311 of the DAE; 8. Requests the European Commission further stimulate financial investments and follow the comprehensive radio spectrum plan12 as outlined in Pillar IV13 in the DAE; 9. Appreciates the European Commission’s investments under Pillar V in the DAE to develop new technology that provides internet broadband to rural areas; 10. Calls upon the European Commission to include measures to increase the safety of online transactions safe when reforming the Network and Information Security Directive14; 11. Invites the Council of Ministers to adopt the Common European Sales Law15; 12. Endorses the Small Business Act16 and encourages Member States to fully implement it.
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15
16
The Directive 2001/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 is the current Directive on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society. See Fact Sheet The European Investment Bank is the European Union’s nonprofit long-term lending institution established in 1958 under the Treaty of Rome. As a “policy-driven bank” whose shareholders are the member states of the EU, the EIB uses its financing operations to bring about European integration and social cohesion. See Fact Sheet See Fact Sheet See Fact Sheet The aim of the Network and Information Security Directive is to ensure a high common level of network and information security (NIS) across the EU to boost trust and to the smooth functioning of the EU internal market. Regulatory obligations are required to create a level playing field and close existing legislative loopholes. (Commission Proposal for a Directive concerning measures to ensure a high common level of network and information security across the Union, European Commission, 2013) A proposal by the EC in October 2011 aiming to break down barriers resulting from different national sales laws and to provide consumers with more choice and a high level of protection . It will facilitate trade by offering a single set of rules for cross border contracts in all 28 EU countries. In February 2014 the proposal reached a majority in the European Parliament. (Optional European Sales Law receives strong backing by the European Parliament, European Commission, 2014) The Small Business Act aims to improve the overall approach to entrepreneurship, permanently anchor the ‘Think Small First’ principle in policy making from regulation to public service, and to promote SMEs’ growth by helping them tackle the remaining problems which hamper their development. (Small Business Act for Europe, European Commission, 2014)
19 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Fact Sheet The Digital Agenda for Europe (DAE) aims to reboot Europe’s economy and help Europe’s citizens and businesses to get the most out of digital technologies. It is the first of seven flagship initiatives under Europe 2020, the EU’s strategy to deliver smart sustainable and inclusive growth. (A Digital Agenda for Europe- European Commission, 2015) Action 89 within Pillar VII (ICT-enabled benefits for EU society) emphasises that interoperability fosters the delivery of cross-border public services and is an important pre-condition for the open, flexible delivery of eGovernment services to citizens and business. (Action 89: Member States to make eGovernment services fully interoperable, European Commission, 2015) Action 102 within Pillar I (Digital Single Market) which aims at completing the on-going review of the Copyright Framework, including legal drafting work, with a view to a decision in 2014 whether to table legislative reform proposals and seeking the resolution of copyright-related issues where rapid progress is needed via a structured stakeholder dialogue in 2013. (Action 102: Key Transformative Action 1: Copyright – the way forward, European Commission, 2015) Action 43 within Pillar IV (Fast and ultra-fast Internet access) identifies that EU intervention is necessary to ensure that areas outside urban conglomerations benefit from the deployment of ultra fast internet. According to Action 43 EU and European Investment Bank funds should be used alongside national funding instruments to compensate for the lack of private sector financing. (Action 43: Funding for high-speed broadband, European Commission, 2015) The European Commission identifies all Actions under Pillar IV (Fast and ultra-fast Internet access) of the DAE as a radio spectrum plan. (Pillar IV: Fast and ultra-fast Internet access, European Commission, 2015) Pillar IV (Fast and ultra-fast Internet access) identifies that New services such as high definition television or videoconferencing need much faster internet access than generally available in Europe. To match world leaders like South Korea and Japan, Europe needs download rates of 30 Mbps for all of its citizens and at least 50% of European households subscribing to internet connections above 100 Mbps by 2020. (Pillar IV: Fast and ultra-fast Internet access, European Commission, 2015)
20 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Motion for a Resolution By The Committee on Climate Change (CLIM) “The next step in climate finance”: The EU is currently the largest contributor of climate finance to developing countries, supporting them in reducing GHG emissions and in adapting to the consequences of climate change. How should the EU further integrate climate finance in its broader development strategy and ensure that its support is translated into meaningful mitigation action? Submitted by: Klara Asklund (Hässleholms Tekniska Skola), Lina Brandé (Jämtlands Gymnasium Wargentin), Oscar Engel (Nacka Gymnasium), Shila Husein (Franska Skolan), Philip Johnsson (Enskilda Gymnasiet), Clara Korsgren (Internationella Engelska Gymnasiet Södermalm), Erik Lundgren Nordin (Österportskolan), Ada Margrethe Paulsen (International Delegate, NO), Sanna Persson (Dragonskolan), Elliott Syrén (Göteborgs Högre Samskola), Maja Säll (Haganässkolan), Dora Zhivkova Dimitrova (Malmö Borgarskola), (Chairperson, SE), Rebecka Smith (Chairperson, FR).
The European Youth Parliament, A. Bearing in mind that the EU’s particular shared competence in development cooperation, which includes international climate finance prevents it from exercising legislative influence over Member States’ policies, B. Noting with deep concern that the EU’s development strategy does not provide sufficiently defined goals and mechanisms for international climate finance policies, C. Acknowledging the incoherence between the European Commission’s climate finance initiatives and those from different Member States, D. Concerned that the EU’s climate finance initiatives do not always incorporate the priorities of the receiving countries,
21 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
E. Conscious of the need for better coordination between the EU, which is currently the largest contributor of climate finance1, and other major providers of international climate finance such as the World Bank; F. Recognising that the lack of transparency in how climate finance funds are invested and handled in developing countries discourages commitments from private investors, G. Believing this lack of transparency has decreased the efficiency of public-private partnerships and blending instruments2; 1. Invites the European Commission and the Council of the EU to develop a unified framework for climate finance goals and mechanisms as a part of the EU’s development strategy; 2. Recommends the use of blending in the aforementioned unified framework as the current preferable climate finance mechanism; 3. Calls upon the Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development (DG DEVCO) to coordinate EU level3 with Member State level4 international climate finance policies; 4. Further calls upon the DG DEVCO to work towards the coordination of goals and mechanisms for global climate finance policies, in cooperation with other global actors; 5. Encourages further and continuous dialogue between the governments of EU Member States, recipient developing countries, and the DG DEVCO, concerning common goals, needs, strategies and methods in international climate finance; 6. Requests that the Directorate-General for Climate Action advances discussions with recipient countries regarding their implementation of the Framework for Measurement, Reporting and Verification5.
1 2
Long-term finance climate action, European Commission, 2014 Blending instruments combine public grants with loans or equity from private investors. The grant element is used to attract additional financing from private investors by reducing their exposure to risk. It can take the form of for example financial guarantees, interest rate subsidies and technical assistance. 3 Examples of EU level policies for international climate finance include the Global Climate Change Alliance and the Global Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fund. 4 Examples of Member State level policies include Germany’s International Climate Initiative and the United Kingdom’s Environmental Transformation Fund - International Window. 5 The Framework for Measurement, Reporting, and Verification is a mechanism currently implemented at EU level for evaluating the efficiency of climate finance within Member States.
22 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs (ECON) “Mobilising for Growth”: In light of the Commission’s recent proposal of the Investment Plan for Europe and the approaching mid-term review of the Multiannual Financial Framework, how should the EU prioritise these financial tools to steer the EU further towards jobs, growth and competitiveness? Submitted by: John Backsund (Sigrid Rudebecks Gymnasium), Evin Badmiya (Internationella Engelska Gymnasiet Södermalm), Jamila Elouali (Nacka Gymnasium), Alexandra Fadeev (International Delegate, CH), Christopher Daniel Godina (S:t Petri Skola), Celine Gram Hansen (International Delegate, DK), Gabrielle Johansson (Haganässkolan), Beatrice Kühn (Enskilda Gymnasiet), Lizy Lundin Alvarado (Jämtlands Gymnasium Wargentin), Amir Farookh Esaias Qazi (Malmö Borgarskola), Jonathan Wennerlund (Bäckängsgymnasiet), Melker Zetterqvist (Sundsvalls Gymnasium), Laura Hibberd (Chairperson, GB), Felix Makarowski (Chairperson, SE).
The European Youth Parliament, A. Believing that the financial crisis has led to a decrease in investment by both private companies and Member States1, B. Noting with regret that this decrease in investment has hindered economic recovery, long-term growth, competitiveness and job creation across the EU, C. Concerned that the insufficient investment by Member States in green technologies is causing a delay in achieving the environmental goals of Europe 20202,
1 2
Financial investment in the EU has dropped by 15% since 2007 (Communication from the Commission, An Investment Plan for Europe, November 2014) According to a European Commission Report, 13 Member States are unlikely to reach the 2020 target of 20% reduction of total emissions compared to 1990 levels. This has been partly attributed to a lack of investment security for innovative green technologies (European Commission Renewable Energy Progress Report, 2013)
23 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
D. Further concerned that the current rate of unemployment in the EU283 is preventing the EU from reaching its potential for a competitive and stable economy, E. Desiring all Member States to work towards pre-economic crisis levels of employment, growth, competitiveness and investment4, F. Affirming that the EU institutions should work towards re-establishing the general public and private sector’s trust in the EU as an economic actor; G. Bearing in mind that the Investment Plan for Europe5 aims to encourage economic recovery through better use of existing financial resources, deregulation and flexible use of public funds, H. Confirming that the Multiannual Financial Framework6 (MFF) provides the EU with long-term consistency and predictability by setting out a framework for the EU’s budget, I. Noting that the mid-term review of the MFF in 2016 provides the EU with an opportunity to re-evaluate the priorities set in 20147 taking into account the current economic situation; J. Acknowledging that the Stability and Growth Pact8 (SGP) aims to ensure Member States have a manageable public debt of no more than 3% of their GDP through the use of financial sanctions9,
1. Requests that the European Commission and European Investment Bank10 (EIB) use the European Fund for Strategic Investments11 (EFSI), as part of the Investment Plan, to prioritise funding for projects which: a) specialise in developing transport infrastructure within the EU, b) improve the trans-European network in energy, c) invest in research and innovation into new renewable energy sources, d) enable Member States to utilise already existing green technologies better;
3 4
The unemployment rate across the EU28 is 9.9%, with youth unemployment at 21.4%. (Eurostat, December 2014) In 2007 the EU27 unemployment rate was 7.1%. (European Commission publication, Employment in Europe 2008, October 2008) and the annual GDP growth rate was 2.9%. (Eurostat, March 2007) 5 See Fact sheet. 6 See Fact sheet. 7 See Fact sheet. 8 See Fact sheet. 9 For Member States using the Euro, financial sanctions include fines of up to 0.2 % of their GDP, if the Member State fails to abide by either the preventive or the corrective rules of pursuing sound fiscal policies. 10 The European Investment Bank is the European Union’s nonprofit long-term lending institution established in 1958 under the Treaty of Rome. As a “policy-driven bank” whose shareholders are the member states of the EU, the EIB uses its financing operations to bring about European integration and social cohesion. 11 See Fact sheet section on the Investment Plan.
24 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
2. Strongly suggests the Steering Board of the EFSI establish investment criteria for assessing the viability of projects which provide high societal and economic value12; 3. Urges the European Commission and EIB to use the EFSI to focus on Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)13 to a greater extent than currently outlined in the Commission’s proposal; 4. Invites the Steering Board of the EFSI to grant more funding to those projects which have the potential to employ a high proportion of young people aged 18 to 25; 5. Appeals to the European Commission, in its mid-term review of the MFF in 2016, to steer funding within the Smart and Inclusive Growth heading14 towards environmental projects aimed at meeting the Europe 2020 targets; 6. Strongly urges the Council of the EU not to consider a Member State as non-compliant under the SGP Excessive Deficit Procedure15 if this has been caused by a contribution to the EFSI.
12 High societal and economic value is not a strictly defined term, but has been recognised in the Communication from the Commission ‘An Investment Plan for Europe’ (November 2014). Projects will be selected based on their viability, reliability and credibility. The Investment Plan will also target projects with high economic and societal value. Commercial return will not be the only benchmark for selection. 13 An SME is an enterprise which employs fewer than 250 persons and which has an annual turnover not exceeding EUR 50 million, and/or an annual balance sheet total not exceeding EUR 43 million. (Commission Recommendation Concerning the Definition of Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, May 2003). 14 The Smart and Inclusive Growth heading is one of the 6 headings under the MFF, as shown in the Fact sheet. 15 The Excessive Deficit Procedure (EDP) is the EU’s step by step procedure for correcting excessive deficit or debt levels.
25 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Fact Sheet Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF) – The MFF lays down the maximum annual amounts (‘ceings’) which the EU may spend in six different political fields (‘headings’) over a period of at least 5 years; the current MFF covers 2014 to 2020. The MFF is not the budget of the EU for this period, it provides a framework for financial programming and budgetary discipline by ensuring that EU spending is predictable and stays within the agreed limits. The 2014-2020 MFF allocations have been explained below: Smart and Inclusive Growth Competitiveness for Growth and Jobs Economic, social and territorial cohesion
EUR 450.763 million EUR 125.614 million EUR 325.149 million
Sustainable growth: Natural Resources
EUR 373.179 million
Security and Citizenship
EUR 15.686 million
Global Europe
EUR 58.704 million
Administration
EUR 61.629 million
Compensations
EUR 27 million
Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) – The SGP is a set of rules designed to ensure that countries in the European Union pursue sound public finances and coordinate their fiscal policies. The SGP has three arms: preventative, corrective and enforcement which are utilised to prevent fiscal policies from heading in potentially problematic directions and to correct excessive budget deficits or excessive public debt burdens. Excessive budget deficit is defined as one greater than 3% of a Member State’s GDP. Investment Plan for Europe – This is the European Commission’s plan for helping Europe’s economy recover. It has three objectives: to reverse the drop in investment; to meet the long-term needs of our economy by boosting competitiveness in strategic areas; and to strengthen the European dimension of our knowledge, human capital and physical infrastructure. The Investment Plan will achieve these objectives in three ways. Firstly, by mobilising EUR 21 billion of investment finance which will be allocated by European Fund for Strategic Investment (EFSI). The initial investment aims to unlock at least EUR 315 billion of additional private and public investment over the next three years, by making better use of public money. Secondly, making sure this extra finance contributes to growth in relevant ways for each sector and geography. Thirdly, measures to improve the investment environment in Europe.
26 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
Motion for Resolution By The Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE) “Balancing the Internet ecosystem”: In light of the ruling of the CJEU in Case C-131/12 and the 2014 recommendations of the Article 29 Working Party, what balance should the EU establish between the safeguarding of the personal data and the ability of search engines to continue providing services that citizens within the EU have become accustomed to? Submitted by: Moa Boström (Umeå Internationella Gymnasium), Emily Brown (Sundsvalls Gymnasium), Nora Fatih (Klippans Gymnasieskola), Anna Hultengård (Franska Skolan), Tilda Nilsson (Internationela Engelska Gymnasiet Södermalm), Vilma Odengård (IHGR), Susanna Pesonen (Jämtlands Gymnasium Wargentin), Robin Reimers (Hässleholms Tekniska Skola), Walter Berggren (Minerva Gymnasium), August Sunnemark (Hersby Gymnasium), Naja Yssing (International Delegate, DK), Hannes Ahlvin (Chairperson, SE), Jeroen de Marteau (Chairperson, BE).
The European Youth Parliament, A. Realising that freedom of expression and the right to personal data protection have the potential to conflict with one another, especially in cases where freedom of expression is exercised through the use of sensitive personal information, B. Bearing in mind that 90% of EU citizens would like data protection laws to apply equally within the EU1, C. Convinced of the difficulties for companies and citizens to comply with the Member States’ different data protection laws, D. Noting that Directive 95/46/EC2 is outdated considering that the percentage of internet users within the EU has increased from 1% to 70%, and the number of websites has increased from 23.500 to 915.000.000 in the past 20 years,
1 2
Special Eurobarometer 359, European Commission, 2011 Directive 95/46/EC refers to the Data Protection Directive of 1995 which is a directive regulating the processing of personal data within the EU.
27 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
E. Conscious that the right to be forgotten3 could be interpreted in multiple ways by the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and search engines due to the lack of a definition in Directive 95/46/EC, F. Expressing its satisfaction with the ECJ Case C-131/124 for establishing the principle of the right to be forgotten within the EU, G. Noting with regret the vague criteria for the application of the right to be forgotten used by the ECJ in the ruling of Case C-131/12, H. Observing that 73% of internet users consent to ‘terms and conditions’ without reading them, and 83% of those who do fail to comprehend them, I. Expressing its appreciation for Directive 02/58/EC5, which requires EU websites to explicitly ask for consent in order to create a cookie6, J. Deeply regretting that 69% of EU citizens aged 15 to 24 see no alternative to disclosing their personal information in order to obtain products and services provided online; 1. Emphasises that the freedom of expression is a fundamental human right within the EU, although it can sometimes be limited by the right to privacy; 2. Endorses the 2014 Recommendations7 of the Article 29 Working Party8; 3. Urges the European Commission to replace the Directive 95/46/EC with a new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), under Article 16 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU9, incorporating the elements specified in the following clauses;
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
The right to be forgotten is the concept that individuals have the civil right to request that personal information be removed from the Internet. In the Google v Costeja case, the ECJ ruled that the ‘right to be forgotten’ is a part of the right to privacy – a right that is fundamental and protected by the EU. Directive 02/58/EC on Privacy and Electronic Communications, otherwise known as E-Privacy Directive, is an EU directive on data protection and privacy in the digital age. Cookies are a means for a website to store a small file on the visitors computer with the goal of recording the users data and activity for future use. The main findings in the 2014 Recommendations by the Article 29 Working Party are that: (1) search engines are data controllers, (2) no information is to be deleted from the original source and (3) the data controller is not obliged to contact the source of information. The Article 29 Working Party is an independent advisory committee on data protection set up by the Directive 95/46/EC comprised of an expert from each Member State. Article 16 states that “everyone has the right to the protection of personal data concerning them”.
28 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet
4. Suggests that the right to be forgotten should be interpreted as the possibility for EU citizens to remove sensitive data when inaccurate, irrelevant to the public interest, or related to a previous conviction which has been removed from the data subject’s10 criminal record; 5. Calls upon the European Commission to include in the GDPR the establishment of a Privacy and Data Protection Agency (PDPA) which will process the removal requests of EU citizens regarding their right to be forgotten; 6. Supports the adoption of the functioning of the Article 29 Working Party in the proposed Regulation to: a) perform an annual review of the newly proposed Regulation once adopted, b) function as the administrative appellate body which will handle the removal requests made by search engines or data subjects if they disagree with the ruling of the Privacy and Data Protection Agency; 7. Instructs Member States to adopt legislation that would ensure that websites provide terms and conditions in the languages in which their services are offered; 8. Calls for a clear and concise summary to be included in all online terms and conditions within the EU; 9. Requests that a notice is to be sent to the users of a service if and when the terms of conditions are amended which includes a summary of what has been changed; 10. Calls for the incorporation of explicit consent to cookies by data subjects as established in Directive 02/58/EC in the proposed GDPR; 11. Encourages Member States to educate their citizens in matters of personal data protection.
10 A data subject is an individual about whom information is stored in a computer-based system.
29 | 11th National Session of EYP Sweden - Resolution Booklet