Saralí Hernández / Sofia Lotherington / Amauri Pacheco / José Velasco
BUILDING SITING, MASSING AND ORIENTATION
KEY POINTS MINIMIZE SOLAR HEAT GAING • Optimize the orientation and massing of a project to its location.
NATURAL VENTILATION • Maximizing the amount of space to be naturally ventilated instead of using energy according to the prevailing wind directions. DAYLIGHT • Locate windows in appropriate height, use skylight and atrium.
Consider the orientation of the sun and winds
KEY POINTS PLANNING AND GETTING STARTED Before the design, you have to consider some strategies to optimize the green footprint consider: • Close and tall buildings around the site. • Topography of the areas. • View corridors form site.
• Mayor and busy roads around. Consider also external site transportation like roads, bus stops, bicycle pot, etc. Also consider the future planning around the site and if it will affect your site. Like future building.
future
No buildings around
Entrance
Bus stop
With buildings it causes shades
STRATEGIES To reduce the green footprint you have to take some considerations: • Design a taller building with a smaller horizontal extension. • Provide a minimum number of parking spaces to encourage the use of public transportation. • Place vehicular parking underground of multi storage parking garage, to reduce the area of construction on site. • Minimize roads areas with a good site planning.
MASSING AND SITE PLANN DAYLIGHT • Minimize the floor plate depth, there will be easier to bring daylight into spaces. • The floor depth should not excess 27.5m .
ING
27.5M
MASSING AND SITE PLANN FLOOR DAYLIGHT In case the floor plate is deep take into consideration: • Adding clerestory lighting is better than skylight because of the reduction of glare and solar hear gaining. (A) • Light shelves, mirror ducts and sun pipes are also effective for bringing daylight into spaces. (B) • Daylight can be controlled by floor-to-floor height. The ideal is providing glazing above 2.10m (C) • Providing glazing from floor to ceiling bad idea. A good average of vision glazing is applied between 0.75m and 2.10m (D)
ING A
B
C
D
NATURAL VENTILATION Existing wind condition and site-specific condition will impact the massing and planning decision. • You can consider mixed-mode ventilation for spaces.
Natural and mechanical ventilation along with air-conditioning. • Identify the areas that are targeted for natural ventilation and consider prevailing winds for it.
• Common areas that do not require airconditioning: corridors, lift lobbies, toilets and staircases.
NATURAL VENTILATION • Spaces with single loaded corridors or narrow floor plates improves the achievement of air flow and cross ventilation. • Void spaces at the ground floor and between building mitigate stagnant air flow areas.
NATURAL VENTILATION • When you have more than one building the black configuration can create different wind direction despite the prevailing winds. • Another aspect to take into consideration is the site topography.
OTHER SUSTAINABILITY IS • Plan main entrances to the building taking into consideration accessibility. • Step back the building enclosure at the ground floor. • Consider less perimeter area to make the project more economically effective.
SUES
CASE STUDY Optimized Orientation Quayside Collection
Key Iniciatives:
Setosa, Singapore
• Optimized orientation with minimal direct west facing façade.(A) • Units designed as “Through-units” to encourage natural ventilation and orientated with prevailing wind conditions. (B) • Public spaces manned to provide shade and minimize heat island. (C)
A Balconies to block solar exposure
B
C
Lots of greenery and trees
CASE STUDY Optimized Orientation Treeloge at punggol
Key Iniciatives:
Punggol, Singapore
• Building orientation with minimal direct westfacing façade (15%) • Optimize natural wind-flow through the development.
• Sun shading devices on the north-west to southwest façade opening. • Ecodeck used to minimize urban heat island effect, and also to provide a covered walkway to residents.
Covered walkways
Greenery to block direct solar exposure
HEAT ISLAND EFFECTS & TH Use strategies to mitigate heat island effects ranging from roofing and hardscape materials to the amount of green space and shade provided. • Use pervious materials for surfaces. • Use light colored or reflective materials; applying to paving, walkways, façades and roofs. • Maximize the amount of greenery on site. Using native plants
ERMAL COMFORT Pervious concrete
List of light colored and reflective materials
Vertical greenery systems
Green Roof systems
HEAT ISLAND EFFECTS & TH • Optimize building massing to provide more shade to outdoor. • Also ensure that shading devices do not block wind. • Plan the massing and orientation to minimize east and west facing façades. • Minimize solar heat going by reducing openings on the east or west façade.
ERMAL COMFORT
Major Openings On the south and north faรงades
Outdoor Shade
Balconies as Shading devices
STRATEGIES FOR SELF-SHA • Use another building mass for your own benefit, orientate it in a way you take advantage of the shadow of the other building.
DING