8x8 by Josh Inch

Genesis of the Printed Book

Genesis of the

Printed Book Anatomy, Format and Structure

Josh Inch Ashley N Davenport

copy copyright

The Copyright page is the page in the book containing information about the current edition, usualy on the back of the title page, it often contains a copyright notice, legal notices, publication information, printing history, catalogueing information from a national library, and an ISBN that uniquey identifies the work.

table contents

A table of contents, usually simply headed “contents” is a list of the parts of a book or document organized in the order in which the parts appear. The contents usually includes the titels or descriptions of the first level headers , such as chapter titles in longer works. Also the table of contens typically included the Second level, or “section titles” within the chapters as well.

intro introduction

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[ Body Text term for the text forming the main content of a book, magazine, web page or other printed matter. This is as a contrast to both the headings on each page, and also the pages of front matter that form the introduction to a book.

â&#x20AC;&#x192; Genesis of the Printed Book is a guide, compiled to stimulate, inform, and educate the reader in the area of book structure and how good organized design helps flourish communication, productivity and innovation.

One of the main challenges has been to sort out many topics that are interconnected and inserting them into one logical sequence. Our method of arranging chapters was chosen to cover topics in the order in which they arise over the course of a artistâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s design process. However, this book is primarily designed to serve as a quick reference; by use of diagrams, elaborate content, as well as detailed glossary and index included to help readers, artist and designers find specific information.

Written layouts and structures exist solely for usability and the ease in comprehension of content. Most website navigations have consistent structure, and advertisements follow a consistent layout, but if the design is at all hard to understand, you risk losing your audience.

INTRODUCTION

For that same reason, books also have a breakdown of descriptive terminology, labeling, and content markers such as the “table of contents” at the front and the index at the back, because they would be hard to utilize if the publisher had not determined element placing. Another great reason why its important to stick with standard design structures is because it’s easier to work. Reinventing doesn’t have to occur with every new design; therefore, more is accomplished, everything is easy to understand and practical to use. By the end of this journey, you will gain insight on the basic form and elements of the printed book and how to format the content therein. Our objective is to provide an essential resource to the design community, regardless what level your career; this book will be one of your most important tools for success.

history Body Text term for the text forming the main content of a book, magazine, web page or other printed matter. This is as a contrast to both the headings on each page, and also the pages of front matter that form the introduction to a book.

Within the realm of modern literacy, the printed book played a major role in the commercial market by bringing reading to the public and an expansion of cultural ideals gradually into western societies, since the Renaissance. Written communication’s earliest instances date back to 3500 B.C. Only a varied amount of society learned to read and write during the periods following the development written communication; those who held high position and were often required to read in public. China, is where the earliest development the printed word developed, using woodblock during the mid-7th century. The “Diamand Sutra” was the first printed compiled work, dating at 868 AD. This breakthrough propelled printing further through Asia and beyond, from Korea, Japan, Turpan and Vietnam using a number of other scripts.

The desire to communicate and distribute, brought about the arrival of printing to Europe. Initially, religious groups and sectors were the main facilitators of printed word and illustrations, at the time of the 13-14th century. These were mostly crafted on cloth, however; block printing and movable type allotted cheaper cost for the mass production of written communication, through that which books provided. In movable type, each piece consisting of a metal shaft with a letter of the alphabet in relief at one end that could be easily arranged in any order, and mistakes could quickly be corrected. Johannes Gutenbergâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s enterprise was the earliest response to this need. Around 1436, he developed the printing press and the design concepts for the new printed book. With printing presses set up throughout Europe, Gutenberg printed the 42-line bible, and within ten years printing had spread to Italy, by 1470 a press was operating in France, and by 1489 England began printing books. Even the New World, then on the fringes of civili-

Body Text term for the text forming the main content of a book, magazine, web page or other printed matter. This is as a contrast to both the headings on each page, and also the pages of front matter that form the introduction to a book.

This innovation, provided production of books 100 fold beyond what was accomplished by woodblock. Gutenberg and other printers of the period turned what was most familiar, the manuscript, into a diminishing tradition as the competition forced the demand for more books and printers with new formatting. Bringing forth the creation of design concepts in type, that eventually facilitated the ease of reading even further, and after 50 years of printing, about 35,000 editions were issued by the new presses. Now for the first time, the written word was readily available and easily accessible, and within a short period the fields of science, art, religion, politics, and literature were transformed by printing.

book A book is a set or collection of written, printed, illustrated, or even sometimes just blank sheets, which are made of ink, paper, parchment or other printed materials. Generally a book is fastened together so that it can be hinged at one side. However, some extremely artistic and abstract books may have different properties and still fall under the same category. The word “Book” can also be used to refer to works of literature, as well as other written forms of information. The term “read book about it” is used often when researching. A lover of books is usually referred to as a Bibliophile, a philologist, or more informally, a bookworm. A store where “Bibliophile’s” can buy or sell his or hers books is generally called a “Book Store” In ancient and modern times, books can be borrowed from libraries, which categorize thousands, sometimes millions of books at once for research, literary and recreational purposes. The methods used for printing books in modern times remain remarkably similar to those of Guten-

berg’s time, had he stepped into a book printer’s shop in the early 1900s, (almost 500 years later) he would have known exactly what was going on. The Introduction of the E-Book, is slowly but surely begining ot change the face of books. For thousands of years, books were bought and sold physically, and rented, physically. Now, books can be wirelessly transferred to a reading device. A electronic book is a book length publication in digital form, consists of text , images, and everything a “real” book would have consisted of minus the physical aspects. Sometimes the equivalent of a conventional printed book, e-books can also be born digital. The Oxford Dictionary of English defines the e-book as “an electronic version of a printed book,” but e-books can and do exist without any printed equivalent. E-books are usually read on dedicated e-book readers. Personal computers and some mobile phones can also be used to read e-books.

According the CBS news â&#x20AC;&#x153;When Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press in the mid-1400s, he built a system - moveable type that worked, and worked very well (with incremental advances) for more than 500 years. The system STILL works. But in this new decade, the book business is undergoing its biggest change since, well, forever.â&#x20AC;? We live in a era that is extrememly digital, and a time where the books are being reformatted, and converging with the digital world, Libraries are being digitized, and books are being sent in matters of seconds.

paper Without paper our lives would be radically different. This goes for the present time, and the far past times. Ever since paper and the pulp making process was developed in China during the early 2nd Century AD, paper has grown into a huge market, big enough that modern life requires us to farm trees just to cut them down for their pulp. Over the years, paper has gone through many developments, most notable, is the introduction of Acid Free Paper, which is basically a standard now. Acid free paper prevents the yellowing of older printed samples. For example, the newspaper from the 1970s appears a tannish yellow, this is the yellowing process which is generally prevented, or greatly reduced with the introduction of acid free paper. In this section of the book, different types of paper will be detailed and defined.

In This Book Sappi-Mcoy 100Lb Text

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Abrasive Craft

Used For : Abrasive Kraft is used for making sand paper used in roughening applications.

Absorbent Craft

Used For : Used for Laminates, tube making and defence applications.

Alkaline Paper

Paper having pH values greater than 7 made by an alkaline manufacturing process.

Anti Rust Paper

Paper which has the property of protecting the surfaces of ferrous metals against rust.

Antique Paper

Printing paper having good bulk and opacity with rough or matt surface.

Art Paper

Normally, china clay (kaolin) coated on both sides of the paper. This finish of both the sides is same, be it glossy or matt.

Azurelaid Paper

A laid paper usually bluish green in colour having a good writing surface.

Beedi Wrap Paper

Used For : Used for decorative purposes in different colours.

Bible Paper

Thin white opaque heavily loaded, used for printing bibles. Not suitable for pen and ink, because of its absorbency.

Book Paper

A general term used to define a class of papers used by the book publishing industry; most commonly used for the book text paper but also for book cover paper.

Carbon Base

Carbon is normally manufactured in lower grammages like 20 gsm or less. The most important property in this paper is porosity which should be controlled at about 1520 ml/min, so that absorption leads to cost increase while less absorption makes poor quality of carbon paper which is used many a time.

Carbon Paper

This thin paper could be either coated on one side or both sides with dry impressionable ink. The main function being to impart an identical copy of the original on the substrate.

Carbonless Paper

Paper stock specially treated or coated to provide copies without the use of interleaved carbon. The copy process requires mechanical pressure such as from writing or typing and sometimes a chemical reaction.

Cast Coated Paper

A coated paper with high gloss and absorptivity in which the coating has been allowed to harden or set while in contact with a mirror like polished chrome surface.

Chromo Paper

China clay (kaolin) coated on one side. The coating on one side could be glossy or matt as per requirement of the customer.

Coated Paper

Paper could be coated on either or both sides. Coating applied on the paper could be as per the requirement. For example, china clay coating for glossy paper used for

Coated Paper (cont.)

high quality printing or gum coated paper for use of printing stamps

Copier Paper

Mainly used for copying. Used extensively in photocopiers, plain paper faxes, etc. and other office stationery. Thickness could range from 70 GSM onwards.

Fluorescent Paper

Used For : Used for Labels, Posters and decorative applications.

Glassine Paper

These papers are characterised by very low porosity (air permeability less than 10 cubic cm min. Preservation of aroma and perfection against attack of external environment to the packed contents are also important qualities of the subject papers.

Laser Paper

Used For : Used for printing purposes where Laser beams are used.

Yellow Pages

Paper used for this needs to have high bulk (1.1 to 1.2), high tensile strength of about 2 kg/15 mm in MD and good opacity (90%) so that the fine print made on thin paper like 40 gsm would be readable on both sides. Excellent reel build up is required for smooth feeding during printing. This requires every uniform profile of bulk, gsm, caliper, moisture etc.

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Eribusdam nis et rati dolorehent molupta tenecab orrum, seces autatem sunt, cones vendus que velia derumet quaecte ea iur, aut ad ma pore coribus andebis seceaquis il excero tem quuntis volorpos nis nem. Nequas rectemquam, to magnimintus aliquidem quae. Et doluptiur aut earum voluptate nati ommolor aut velenim voluptatium ut earchil mos estia volutem. Nem quod magnis ipsae. Ut quam iduntis itinvelibus, omnisci umeniscias et maioriores quas dolorep udanduc iducient officia digenihici ad et dolores sectia expedis exernam, ipienitas repellaborro volo optas repudis es eaquuntur miliatiatus none volum ea platquaeri quid quaecto rerumen ihitinc iatqui ut voleseque pra quo tem illesen ihillat. Latus net aut aut qui que dolupta tisque exerorat eatio bea vitat il ex et doluptae dessitatur, sin cor as is dest, et volorib usapit explitias eicium susam re pa sim non resequam aut lit adipiet il molorio odit, que dis doluptatur res dolorerio ommoloribus nonsere dolorumque doluptatem arci odit optatiu ndandel millore porum haritatem utectioria illupta tiuntet elibuste con reperiae

ackn

acknowledgements In the creative arts and Scientific literature, an acknowledgement is an expression of gratitude for assistance in crating a literary or artistic work. Receiving credit by way of acknowledgement rather than authorship indicates that the person or organization did not have a direct hand in producing the work in question, but may have contributed funding, criticism, or encouragement to the author(s).

gloss glossary

The Glossary directly defined is “A list of often difficult or specialized words with their definitions, often placed at the back of a book.” However, im laman’s terms, the Glossary is simply a catalogue of terms that you will come across in the book, for quick reference, the glossary includes all of these terms and definitions.

Front Cover Fly-Leaf Front Matter Frontispiece Title page

Printers Key

Print Run Table of Contents

As the name states, the Front Cover is the first cover of the book, generally covered by the dust cover in hardcover books. A Fly Leaf is the blank page at the beginning of the book and is almost always a blank page, sometimes it is even a different type of paper. The Front Matter is the pages preceding the main text of a book, including the title, table of contents, and preface. A frontispiece, is a illustration facing the title page of a book. The frontispiece is not always an illustration, it can be an image, or a design. The Title Page, if not obvious enough, is the page at the beginning of the book giving its title, the names of the author, and the publisher, and any other publication information that needs to be stated. The Copyright Page Is the page in the book containing information about the current edition, usually on the back of the title page, it often contains a copyright notice, legal notices, publication information, printing history, cataloguing information from a national library, and an ISBN that uniquely identifies the work. At the bottom of the copyright page, one often finds a line of numbers, some of which appear to be missing, this is called the Printers Key. The function of the printers key is to indicate the books print run. A Print Run is essentially a printed batch of books. Cookies are to batches, as Books are to Print Runs. A Table of Contents is a list of the parts of a book or document organized in the order in which the parts appear. The contents usually includes the titles or descriptions of the first level headers , such as chapter titles in longer works. Also the table of contents typically included

List of figures

Dedication

Acknowledgements

Foreword Preface

Introduction

the Second level, or â&#x20AC;&#x153;section titlesâ&#x20AC;? within the chapters as well. A List of Figures is quite literally, a list of the images, diagrams, or figures shown on the page before, the current page, or the page after. The List of figures displays the more minor details and the like. Most of which would not be displayed in the body copy of text. The Dedication which originated in (1350-1400) is the expression of friendly connection or thanks by the author towards another person. The dedication has its own place on the dedication page, and is part of the front matter. In the creative arts and Scientific literature, an Acknowledgement is an expression of gratitude for assistance in crating a literary or artistic work. Receiving credit by way of acknowledgement rather than authorship indicates that the person or organization did not have a direct hand in producing the work in question, but may have contributed funding, criticism, or encouragement to the author(s). A Foreword is a short introduction to a book, Typically by a person other than the author. A Preface is the introduction to the book, typically stating the subject, scope or aims in which the book will follow. The foreword generally covers the story of how the book came into being or how the idea for the book was developed, and may include thankes and acknowledgements to people who were helpful to the author durin the time of writing. An Introduction, is a beginning section which states the purpose and goals of the following writing , the introduction is usually interesting and it intrigues the reader and

Back Matter Epilogue Addendum

Bibliography ColophonTERMS

HERE

Rear Cover

Spine Spread

causes him or her to want to read on. The Back Matter if used, is normally consisted of one of more of the following components. The Epilogue, is a section at the end of the book that serves as a conclusion to what has happened in the book, similar to an “outro”. The Addendum which is sometimes reffered to as the “appendix” is supplemental to the main work. It may explain certain inconsistancies or otherwise explain update information. The Bibliography is a list of the particular works and (or) sources that the writer copied information from, or someDEFINITIONS times studied from or with. The Colophon refers to a publishers emblem or imprint, especially one on the title page or spine of a book. As the name denotes, the “Rear Cover” is the rear portion of the cover of a book, like the front cover, the rear cover is generally covered by a dust jacket if the book has a hard cover. The Spine of the book is the part of the book that is first seen when the book it is sitting on the shelf among a stack of other books. A Spread is two pages in which information, pictures, and other items can be layed out, a spread is the two pages that sometimes make up a composition

biblio bibliography

A bibliography is generally a list of the books or sources reffered to in a scholarly work. Usuaully the bibliography is printed as an appendix.

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index index

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