l a n o i e t a m n r m e a t r n g I o 2 r 1 P 0 n 2 o i n t o a d c n u Lo Ed Sports and venues of the London 2012 Olympic Games Giving a home to inspiration In 2012, athletes from all over the world will come to the UK to take part in the Olympic Games. The Games take place in a different city every four years. In 2012, it’s London’s turn!
The sports of the London 2012 Olympic Games The 26 Olympic sports, split into the following 39 disciplines:
Archery Venue: Lord’s Cricket Ground, London Dates: Friday 27 July – Friday 3 August Medal events: 4 Athletes: 128 (64 men, 64 women) Archery dates back to around 10,000 years ago. It is now practiced in more than 140 countries around the world. At the London 2012 Olympic Games the world’s best athletes will take part in 26 Olympic sports including Athletics, Handball, Wrestling and Diving.
Athletics Venue: Olympic Stadium – Olympic Park (track, field and combined events), London; The Mall (road events), London Dates: Friday 3 August – Sunday 12 August Medal events: 47 Athletes: 2,000
There was a lot to do to prepare for the London 2012 Games. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) and the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) were set up to share the work. The ODA planned and built the Olympic Park. It also had to look after all of the other venues and the transport system. LOCOG is in charge of organising the Games. This is a big challenge!
Glossary OLYMPIC DELIVERY AUTHORITY (ODA) – the organisation building the venues for the London 2012 Games LONDON ORGANISING COMMITTEE OF THE OLYMPIC AND PARALYMPIC GAMES (LOCOG) – the organisation preparing and staging the Games SHUTTLECOCK – a piece of equipment in Badminton. A shuttlecock is hit like a ball.
The Marathon was increased from around 25 miles to 26.2 miles at the London 1908 Olympic Games, so the race could finish in front of the British Royal Family’s seats. This distance is still used today.
Badminton Venue: Wembley Arena, London Dates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 5 August Medal events: 5 Athletes: 172 Olympic shuttlecocks contain 16 feathers, each of them taken from the left wing of a goose. They can travel at speeds faster than 400km/h.
Basketball
Canoe Slalom Venues: Basketball Arena – Olympic Park, London (preliminaries, women’s quarterfinals); North Greenwich Arena, London (men’s quarter-finals and women’s semi-finals onwards) Dates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 288 (144 men, 144 women, 12 teams in each event).
Basketball was originally played using a football. The first basketballs were made at the end of the 19th century.
Beach Volleyball Venue: Horse Guards Parade, London Dates: Saturday 28 July – Thursday 9 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 96 (48 men, 48 women; 24 teams in each event) Beach Volleyball was first played at the Atlanta 1996 Olympic Games. Since then, seven of the eight gold medals have been won by the US and Brazil.
Boxing Venue: ExCeL, London Dates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 August Medal events: 13 Athletes: 286 (250 men, 36 women) Boxing was first played in the ancient Olympic Games in the 7th century BC. Opponents fought with strips of leather around their fists.
Venue: Lee Valley White Water Centre, Hertfordshire Dates: Sunday 29 July – Thursday 2 August Medal events: 4 Athletes: 82 Canoe Slalom takes place on a white water course. Each course has up to 25 gates. If a participant touches a gate, they receive a twosecond time penalty. If they miss a gate they receive a 50-second penalty.
Canoe Sprint Venue: Eton Dorney, Buckinghamshire Dates: Monday 6 – Saturday 11 August Medal events: 12 Athletes: 248 In canoes, athletes kneel and they use a paddle with one blade. In kayaks, the competitors sit in the boat and use a paddle with two blades.
Cycling – BMX Venue: BMX Track – Olympic Park, London Dates: Wednesday 8 – Friday 10 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 48 BMX bikes have only one gear and one brake.
Cycling – Mountain Bike Venue: Hadleigh Farm, Essex Dates: Saturday 11 – Sunday 12 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 80 (50 men, 30 women) The races will be held over rough, hilly countryside.
Cycling – Road Venue: The Mall, London (Road Race); Hampton Court, London (Time Trial) Dates: Saturday 28 July – Wednesday 1 August Medal events: 4 Athletes: 212 (145 men, 67 women) During the time trial cyclists start 90 seconds apart. The winner is the cyclist with the fastest time over the course.
Equestrian – Dressage Venue: Greenwich Park, London Dates: Thursday 2 – Thursday 9 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 50 In Dressage, riders and their horses perform a series of movements known as a dressage test. They are awarded scores by judges.
Equestrian – Eventing Venue: Greenwich Park, London Dates: Saturday 28 – Tuesday 31 July Medal events: 2 Athletes: 75
Cycling – Track Venue: Velodrome, London Dates: Thursday 2 – Tuesday 7 August Medal events: 10 Athletes: 188 (104 men, 84 women) The track in the Velodrome has been laid with lengths of pine. The track is at an angle of 42 degrees at its steepest point.
This competition combines dressage, crosscountry riding and jumping.
Equestrian – Jumping Venue: Greenwich Park, London Dates: Saturday 4 – Wednesday 8 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 75
Diving Venue: Aquatics Centre – Olympic Park, London Dates: Sunday 29 July – Saturday 11 August 2012 Medal events: 8 Athletes: 136 (68 men, 68 women) Olympic springboards must be at least 4.8m long and 50cm wide. Platform boards should be at least 6m long and 3m wide.
These events are held in a venue around a short course of 12-14 fences. The event tests an athlete’s speed, skill and power.
Fencing Venue: ExCeL, London Dates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 5 August Medal events: 10 Athletes: 212 Fencing was the first Olympic sport to feature professional athletes.
Football
Gymnastics – Trampoline Venues: City of Coventry Stadium (Coventry); Hampden Park (Glasgow); Millennium Stadium (Cardiff); Old Trafford (Manchester); St James’ Park (Newcastle); Wembley Stadium (London) Dates: Wednesday 25 July – Saturday 11 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 504 (288 men, 216 women; 16 men’s teams and 12 women’s teams).
Venue: North Greenwich Arena, London Dates: Friday 3 – Saturday 4 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 32 The first modern trampoline was used in the 1930s. It was used to help astronauts and athletes train.
Handball
Football was first introduced as a medal sport in 1908. Football has featured at every Olympic Games except one – the Los Angeles 1932 Olympic Games.
Venue: Handball Arena – Olympic Park, London (preliminaries, women’s quarter-finals); Basketball Arena – Olympic Park, London (men’s quarter-finals, plus all semifinals and finals) Dates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 336 (168 men, 168 women; 12 teams in each event)
Gymnastics – Artistic Venue: North Greenwich Arena, London Dates: Saturday 28 July – Tuesday 7 August Medal events: 14 Athletes: 196 (98 men, 98 women) Artistic Gymnastics is a test of mind and body. It has been popular since the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece.
Gymnastics – Rhythmic Venue: Wembley Arena, London Dates: Thursday 9 – Sunday 12 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 96 (all women) Competitors perform short routines to music using a ball, clubs, a hoop or a ribbon.
Handball uses an indoor court measuring 40m x 20m. A Handball Court is the largest court of any indoor ball sport at the Games.
Hockey Venue: Hockey Centre, London Dates: Sunday 29 July – Saturday 11 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 384 (192 men, 192 women; 12 teams in each event) Men’s Hockey was first played at the London Olympic Games in 1908. The first women’s Olympic Hockey competition was held at the Moscow 1980 Games.
Judo
Sailing Venue: ExCeL, London Dates: Saturday 28 July – Friday 3 August Medal events: 14 Athletes: 386
Judo made its first appearance at the Olympic Games at Tokyo in 1964. Competitors use a mix of attack and defence in one-on-one contests, which can be tough, tense and explosive.
Modern Pentathlon
Venue: Weymouth and Portland, Dorset Dates: Sunday 29 July – Saturday 11 August Medal events: 10 Athletes: 380 (237 men, 143 women) The 10 different Olympic Sailing events (six for men, four for women) feature a variety of boats - from dinghies and keelboats to windsurfing boards.
Shooting
Venue: Handball Arena - Olympic Park, London (fencing); Aquatics Centre - Olympic Park, London (swimming); and Greenwich Park, London (riding, combined event) Dates: Saturday 11 – Sunday 12 August Events: Fencing, Swimming, Riding, Combined Run/Shoot Event Medal events: 2 Athletes: 72 (36 men, 36 women) The Modern Pentathlon was first held at the Olympic Games in 1912.
Rowing Venue: Eton Dorney, Buckinghamshire Dates: Saturday 28 July – Saturday 4 August Medal events: 14 Athletes: 550 (353 men, 197 women) The youngest Olympic champion is thought to be a French boy, aged no more than 12, who was the cox of a Dutch boat at the Paris 1900 Games.
Venue: The Royal Artillery Barracks, London Dates: Saturday 28 July – Monday 6 August Medal events: 15 Athletes: 390 In Pistol and Rifle events, competitors shoot at a target from a set distance. In Shotgun events, competitors shoot at moving targets. These targets launch above and in front of them.
Swimming Venue: Aquatics Centre – Olympic Park, London (pool events); Hyde Park, London (Marathon Swimming 10km) Dates: Saturday 28 July – Saturday 4 August (Aquatics Centre); Thursday 9 – Friday 10 August (Hyde Park) Medal events: 34 Athletes: 950 At the London 1908 Olympic Games, the pool was built in the middle of the athletics track at White City Stadium, and the competition was held outdoors.
Synchronised Swimming
Tennis
Venue: Aquatics Centre – Olympic Park, London Dates: Sunday 5 – Friday 10 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 104 (all women) Synchronised Swimming is one of only two events on the Olympic programme where only women compete. The other is Rhythmic Gymnastics.
Table Tennis Venue: ExCeL, London Dates: Saturday 28 July – Wednesday 8 August Medal events: 4 Athletes: 172 (86 men, 86 women) Table Tennis is the biggest participation sport in the world. Other names for the sport include ‘Ping Pong’, ‘Whiff Waff’ and ‘Flim Flam’ reflecting the sound of the ball being hit and bouncing off the table.
Taekwondo Venue: ExCeL, London Dates: Wednesday 8 – Saturday 11 August Medal events: 8 Athletes: 128 (64 men, 64 women) Participants wear a white uniform, known as a ‘dobok’. They also wear coloured protective equipment. The competitor wearing blue is referred to as ‘chung’, while the competitor in red is ‘hong’.
Venue: Wimbledon, London Dates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 5 August Events: Men’s and women’s Singles and Doubles; Mixed Doubles Medal events: 5 Athletes: 172 (86 men, 86 women) Tennis took place at the first modern Olympic Games in 1896. It was then remove from the programme after the Paris 1924 Games. It returned for the 1988 Games.
Triathlon Venue: Hyde Park, London Dates: Saturday 4 and Tuesday 7 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 110 (55 men, 55 women) More than half a million spectators watched the first ever Olympic Triathlon in the streets of Sydney during the 2000 Olympic Games.
Volleyball Venue: Earls Court, London Date: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 288 (144 men, 144 women: 12 teams in each event) The key attacking move is the set and spike. Here, a player hits the ball (the set) to a teammate who hits it into the opposition’s court (the spike).
Water Polo Venue: Olympic Park – Water Polo Arena, London Dates: Sunday 29 July – Sunday 12 August Medal events: 2 Athletes: 260 (156 men, 104 women) Water polo developed during the 19th century. It was designed as a version of rugby, in water, in lakes and rivers.
Weightlifting Venue: ExCeL, London Dates: Saturday 28 July – Tuesday 7 August Medal events: 15 Athletes: 260 (156 men, 104 women) The aim of weightlifting is simple: to lift more weight than anyone else. Competitors in Olympic Weightlifting are divided into 15 weight categories, eight for men and seven for women.
Wrestling Venue: ExCeL, London Dates: Sunday 5 – Sunday 12 August 2012 Medal events: 18 Athletes: 344 Greco-Roman and Freestyle are different types of wrestling, and the idea is to force the back of the opponent’s shoulders onto the ground.
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Follow the Olympic events Which are your favourite Olympic events? Talk with your classmates. Make a timetable for all the Olympic events that you and your class are going to watch or follow.
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Get creative.
Look at the pictures by the event names above. These are called pictograms and these are the official pictograms for the London 2012 Olympic Games. What do you think a pictogram is for? Where might you see one during the London 2012 Olympic Games? Can you make your own pictogram for your favourite sport?
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Think and discuss Think about your country. Which of the sports in the list above do you play in your country? Why are they so popular? Do you play any of these sports at your school? Which of these sports would you like to try most and why? Imagine you are organising the next Olympic Games. Which new event would you bring into the Games? Think about why you want this particular sport. Work in groups and share your ideas with the rest of your class.
Glossary PRELIMINARIES – the early stages of a competition PENALTY – time added to your overall result because you break the rules KAYAK – a type of canoe/boat. It is designed for rough river waters, in particular. VELODROME – the venue for the Track Cycling competition PINE – a type of wood SPRINGBOARD – a type of diving board PLATFORM – a type of diving board ONE-ON-ONE – a competition where one individual competes against another COX – the person who steers and directs the boat
Indicative map of the Olympic Park at Games time
As Host City of the Olympic Games, London will be at the centre of celebrations in 2012. The heart of the London 2012 Games is the spectacular new Olympic Park in East London.
Ru ck
ho lt R oa d
Venues in the Olympic Park
Temporary Northern Spectator Transport Mall
Waltham Forest
Eton Manor
Entrance
A12
Loop
Road BMX Circuit Velodrome
ast rth-E No
Basketball Arena
Athletes’ Village
Riv
er Lea
International Broadcast Centre/ Main Press Centre
Hockey warm-up area
urse nco Co
Hockey Centre
Stratford International station HS1
Hackney
Energy Centre
oncourse -West C No r t h
Handball Arena
Stratford City
Sponsors’ Hospitality Zone
Entrance
Ce nt
ra l
Co
Water Polo Arena
se ur co
Competition venues Non-competition venues Back of house Spectator services Entrance area Loop road Transport malls
Olympic Stadium
Stratford station
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Aquatics Centre
Newham
The Orbit
Tower Hamlets
Entrance point
Trees The G reen
Railway lines London Underground station
Loop
Stratford High Street
road
Entrance
Docklands Light Railway station
Warm-up area
London Overground station National Rail station
Temporary Southern Spectator Transport Mall
Metres 0
way
200
400
Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO. © Crown copyright and database right 2010. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100046062.
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West Ham station
Olympic Stadium
Aquatics Centre
Basketball Arena
The Aquatics Centre has a fantastic wave-like roof.
The Basketball Arena contains 12,000 seats which are the colours of a basketball – black and orange.
Handball Arena
Velodrome
BMX Track
Handball, Modern Pentathlon This building is eco-friendly. It collects water from the roof and uses it to flush the toilets.
The bottom part of the Velodrome will have 3,500 seats located around the track, with 2,500 more seats under the roof.
The 400-metre BMX Track has jumps, bumps and tight corners. The riders will start on an eight-metre slope.
Hockey Centre
Water Polo Arena
For the first time ever at an Olympic Games, the Hockey competition will be played on blue pitches.
The Water Polo Arena will be next to the Aquatics Centre in one of the busiest areas of the Olympic Park.
Athletics, Opening and Closing Ceremonies The Olympic Stadium has been built on an island and it is surrounded by water on three sides. Spectators will reach the Stadium across five bridges which connect it to other areas of the Olympic Park.
Handball, Modern Pentathlon
Hockey
Diving, Modern Pentathlon, Swimming, Synchronised Swimming
Track Cycling
Water Polo
Basketball, Handball
BMX Cycling
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Getting to and from the Games There are 10 railway lines going into the Olympic Park. It will take as little as seven minutes to travel to the Park from central London. What is the public transport like in your country? Could it be better? Think about what changes you would like to make and then draw or paint your ideas on paper. Share your ideas with your class.
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Dramatise the Park The Olympic Park will be the centre of the Olympic Games. What do you think life inside the Olympic Park will be like? Work in groups and act out scenes or create collages to show your ideas. Be creative and use your imagination!
Venues across London A large number of events during the 2012 Games will take place inside the Olympic Park. But there are also venues in other parts of London.
Wembley Stadium
Wembley Arena
Wimbledon
Wembley Arena is already a world-class music and sports venue, and will need very little extra work.
Wimbledon is the only major grass-court tennis centre in the world. There is now a roof they can close on the Centre Court when it rains.
Earls Court
Lord’s Cricket Ground
Hyde Park
Earls Courts is already a major exhibition centre. It already hosts hundreds of events and welcomes thousands of visitors every year.
Lord’s Cricket Ground has been ‘the home of cricket’ for almost 200 years. The Archery competition will take place here.
This is London’s largest Royal Park and has been open to the public since 1637.
Horse Guards Parade
The Mall
North Greenwich Arena
This is in the centre of London. Trooping of the Colour (a parade of guardsmen on horseback) takes place here every year to celebrate the Queen’s birthday.
This is also in the centre of London. The Mall runs from Buckingham Palace, home of the Queen, to Trafalgar Square.
This was built to celebrate the Millennium (the year 2000) and is now a sports and entertainment venue.
Football
The Olympic Football competition will take place in six stadia. Wembley is the biggest stadium. It has a famous arch that rises over 130m into the sky.
Volleyball
Beach Volleyball
Badminton, Rhythmic Gymnastics
Archery
Marathon, Race Walk, Road Cycling
Tennis
Marathon Swimming, Triathlon
Basketball, Artistic Gymnastics, Trampoline
Greenwich Park
Equestrian, Modern Pentathlon Greenwich Park is London’s oldest Royal Park. It dates back to 1433 and has been a World Heritage Site since 1997.
ExCel
Boxing, Fencing, Judo, Table Tennis, Taekwondo, Weightlifting, Wrestling This centre will hold the largest number of sports outside the Olympic Park.
Hampton Court Palace Road Cycling Time Trial
Hampton Court Palace is one of London’s royal palaces and has housed some of Britain’s most famous kings and queens, the most well known being Henry VIII.
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The London port of Woolwich has a long military history and The Royal Artillery Barracks were built in 1776.
Planning new events Think about the sports facilities in your country. Are there any sporting events that you would like to see in your country? Where could they be held? Why not plan a new festival for your country or community? Think about the sports that you like but don’t see very often. What will you need to think about when you plan this new event?
Venues across the UK Although the 2012 Olympic Games are centred in London, many sports will take place outside London in other parts of the UK.
Lee Valley White Water Centre, Hertfordshire Canoe Slalom
Millennium Stadium, Cardiff Football
A new 10,000 square metre lake has been built especially for the Olympic Games. There is also a new 300m slalom course.
The Millennium Stadium is in Cardiff, the capital of Wales. It has a roof that can be open or closed. The stadium can hold 74,600 people. The first Olympic sporting event to take place, the women’s Football, will be held here.
Hampden Park, Glasgow
Hadleigh Farm, Essex
This is Scotland’s national football stadium. It is also used for music concerts and other sporting events.
The cycling course winds up and down hill through woods and parkland.
Eton Dorney, Buckinghamshire
Old Trafford, Manchester
The eight lane rowing course is set in a 400acre park with a conservation area.
Home to Manchester United Football Club, Old Trafford is the second largest football ground in the UK.
Football
Canoe Sprint, Rowing
Mountain Bike
Football
St James’ Park, Newcastle
Weymouth and Portland, Dorset
St James’ Park is the oldest and largest football ground in the north-east of England.
These are the best natural sailing waters in the UK.
Football
Sailing
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Local Venue The City of Coventry Stadium Football
What sports venues do you have near you? What makes them good? How could they be better? How does your school and local community benefit from them?
The stadium was built in 2005 and is home to Coventry City Football Club.
Index of venues outside London A
Lee Valley White Water Centre – Canoe Slalom
B
Eton Dorney – Rowing, Canoe Sprint
C
Hampden Park – Football
D
Millennium Stadium – Football
E
Hadleigh Farm – Cycling (Mountain Bike)
F
Old Trafford – Football
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St James’ Park – Football
H
Weymouth & Portland – Sailing
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City of Coventry Stadium – Football
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F I B
D
Key Olympic Sport
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A
E
The Athletes’ Village The ODA is currently building the competing athletes’ home-away-from-home: the Athletes’ Village.
Before the Games begin, athletes will stay and prepare in training camps across the UK. When the Games start, the athletes will move to the Athletes’ Village. More than 17,000 athletes and officials will use the Village during the 2012 Games. They will eat, drink, relax, sleep and stay in touch with their families while they prepare for the greatest competition of their lives. The Village will become their home for a few weeks.
Comfort Comfort in the Village is very important. If athletes are not comfortable, they will not perform well. So some rooms have extra-long beds. This is necessary for taller athletes like rowers and Handball players.
Glossary OLYMPIC DELIVERY AUTHORITY (ODA) – the organisation which builds the venues for the London 2012 Games.
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Preparation
We all want to see the athletes perform at their best. For the athletes themselves, the 2012 Games will be one of the biggest events of their lives. Imagine you are an athlete in the London 2012 Games – what would you like in the Athletes’ Village to help you prepare and feel at home? Think about food, drink, sleep, relaxation and training facilities.
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Eating well!
What will the London 2012 chefs have to think about when they cook for the athletes? What would you want to eat if you were getting ready for a big event? What would athletes from other countries want to eat? Would it be the same as you?
Eating well There will be a dining room with 5,000 seats. It will serve all kinds of food and drink for the athletes and officials. Everyone will be able to find something they like to eat! There will also be other places to eat, including cafés.
Entertainment When athletes are not competing, they will be able to watch events on big TV screens around the Village. In the Village there will be a Village Plaza where athletes will be able to meet with their friends and family. Athletes from all teams will share this space. Here they will be able to make friends with people from different countries in true Olympic spirit.
Stay connected It will be easy for athletes to find out what’s happening in the world. They can read the news from their own country in the international newspapers that will be available in the Athletes’ Village. The Village will also have Wi-Fi and Internet access so athletes can contact their family and friends at home.
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Making new friends Why not pretend that you are an athlete arriving in the Athletes’ Village? How would you meet and make friends with the other athletes? What would you talk to them about? You might speak different languages – how would you communicate? You could act out your ideas with your friends. If you speak or are learning a different language, why not use different languages in your roleplay too?
Glossary PLAZA – a shopping mall
After the London 2012 Games To stage the Olympic and Paralympic Games, London 2012 is going to use many venues and locations around the UK. Large areas will be taken up, especially in east London, where the Olympic Park is situated. However, once the Games are over, LOCOG and the ODA have many plans to make good use of the space. After the Games have finished many of the sporting arenas will still be used.
The Aquatics Centre will become a public swimming centre. It will include a crèche, family changing rooms, café and a new public square at the front of the building. The Basketball Arena will be removed after the Games. However, parts of the Arena will be reused in other parts of the UK. The Handball Arena will be changed into a public sports centre. It will allow people to practise many indoor sports, such as handball, badminton, martial arts, boxing and netball. The Athletes’ Village will be converted into new homes, some for groups of people such as teachers and nurses. There will also be a new school for 1,800 pupils aged 3-19. The Olympic Stadium will become home to UK football club West Ham United, and will also host athletics events.
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Teacher’s idea
What would you use the Olympic stadium for after the Olympic Games? How would your idea help the people who live in that area? You could tell each other your ideas and have a vote. Vote for the most original design or the most practical. Find out more information about the Olympic venues on the London 2012 website www.london2012.com An idea from Jo Daniels, Davenant Foundation School
Glossary VENUE – a building or location where an event (the sporting competition) will take place
This document and the official Emblems of the London 2012 Games are © London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Ltd (LOCOG) 2007-2011. All rights reserved. LOC2011/IEP/1812
The Velodrome and BMX Circuit will be turned into a VeloPark for the public to use.