Awarefinalreviewreport by Jennifer Willies

AWARE COORDINATION ACTION

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

www.aware-project.eu

AWARE COORDINATION ACTION

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT1

AWARE PERIODIC REPORT

Grant Agreement number:

257154

Project acronym: AWARE

Coordination Action for Self-Awareness in Autonomic Systems

Project title:

Funding Scheme: ICT-2009.8.9 Date of latest version of Annex I against which the assessment will be made: Periodic report:

period 3

Period covered:

from 1 October 2012

to 30 September 2013

Name, title and organisation of the scientific representative of the project's coordinator: Prof Ben Paechter, Assoc Dean of Research, Edinburgh Napier University, UK Tel:

+44 (0) 131 455 2764

Fax: +44 (0) 131 455 2400 E-mail:

b.paechter@napier.ac.uk

Project website address: www.aware-project.eu

AWARE COORDINATION ACTION

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT1

Declaration by the scientific representative of the project coordinator I, as scientific representative of the coordinator of this project and in line with the obligations as stated in Article II.2.3 of the Grant Agreement declare that: §

The attached periodic report represents an accurate description of the work carried out in this project for this reporting period;

§

The project has achieved most of its objectives and technical goals for the period with relatively minor deviations

§

The public website is up to date.

§

To my best knowledge, the financial statements which are being submitted as part of this report are in line with the actual work carried out and are consistent with the report on the resources used for the project (section 6) and if applicable with the certificate on financial statement.

§

All beneficiaries, in particular non-profit public bodies, secondary and higher education establishments, research organisations and SMEs, have declared to have verified their legal status. Any changes have been reported under section 5 (Project Management) in accordance with Article II.3.f of the Grant Agreement.

Name of scientific representative of the Coordinator: Professor Ben Paechter, Edinburgh Napier University Date: ......14.../ ....November......../ ......2013...... Signature of scientific representative of the Coordinator: ....................................................

AWARE COORDINATION ACTION

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT1

TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration by the scientific representative of the project coordinator........................ 4 Section 1 Project summary.............................. ........................................................ 6 Section 2 Project objectives .................................................................................. 10 Section 3 Work progress & achievements during project incl per 3................... 11 Executive summary......................................................................................... 13 Table of project achievements....................................................................... 17 WP1 Community Building .............................................................................. 20 Deliverable 1.4 : final activity report ........................................................ 21 WP2 Dissemination ......................................................................................... 69 Deliverable 2.7 : final activity report ......................................................... 70 Deliverable 2.5 : The Computer After Me book (separate to this compendium) Deliverable 2.6 : The Computer After Me documentary (http://thecomputerafterme.eu) WP3 Training ................................................................................................... 84 Deliverable 3.3 : final activity report ......................................................... 85 WP4 Emerging Research Themes ............................................................... 102 Deliverable 4.5 : final activity report........................................................ 103 Deliverable 4.6 : AWARE research agenda ...................................... APP III Section 4 Project management............................................................................. 121 WP5 Management .......................................................................................... 121 Deliverable 5.3 : final activity report........................................................ 122 Section 5 Deliverables and milestones tables.................................................... 133 AWARE Deliverables ...................................................................................... 133 AWARE Milestones ........................................................................................ 134 Section 6 Explanation of the use of the resources............................................. AWARE effort months...................................................................................... AWARE overview costs.................................................................................... NAPIER effort and resources.......................................................................... VUA effort and resources ................................................................................ IMPERIAL effort and resources........................................................................ UNIMORE effort and resources.......................................................................

135 135 138 140 142 143 145

Section 7 Certificates due for Period 3 ............................................................... 146 Appendices Appendix I Collection of Newsletters (D1.4 & D2.7) Appendix II Collection of Magazine articles (D2.7) Appendix III AWARE research agenda (D4.6) 5

AWARE COORDINATION PROJECT SUMMARY ACTION

Section 1

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT 1

Project summary

The motivation for the AWARE Coordination Action has been to provide a supportive environment for research in self-awareness in autonomic systems, to help consolidate a wellconnected community of researchers and to convey a coherent prospect to a wider scientific and technological audience. The primarily role of the project has been to integrate, coordinate and disseminate. While the idea of 'autonomic computing' [Kephart and Chess, 2003] as self-managing computer systems has become well-established in academic and industrial thinking, the concept of selfaware computer systems has been less so until recently, even if for some researchers [Rish, 2009], the autonomic property is dependent on self-awareness: "A key property of an autonomic computer system is 'self-healing'. However, self-healing starts with self- awareness: the ability of the system to perform real-time inferences and learning about its own behaviour, to diagnose and predict various faults and performance degradations." There are various other research approaches to self-awareness in the literature, primarily stemming from either performance measurement of networks or artificial intelligence. For example: • Network measurement and performance: self-monitoring and measurement coupled with adaptive behaviour to improve quality of service [Krief, 2004, Gelenbe et al, 2004; Brownson and Kang, 2008]; • Artificial intelligence and machine consciousness: knowledge representation and reasoning for self-knowledge and the same inferential processes as other knowledge [Schubert, 2005], and cf. [McCarthy, 2004; Alexsander, 1995]. These represent three approaches to the concept of self-awareness: one is focused on algorithms for real-time learning; one is focused on performance measurement and adaptive behaviour; and the other presumes formal logic as a basis for knowledge representation and reasoning. The overall impression until recently has been that research into self-awareness has been somewhat piecemeal, lacking in unified direction, disparate and not presenting a comprehensive and accessible conceptual account. There were few concerted efforts by national science funding agencies or other academic initiatives, with self-awareness as the primary theme. In autumn 2010 the Awareness Proactive Initiative created by the Future and Emerging Technologies unit at the European Commission, funded four research projects and the AWARE Coordination Action to help motivate and support a general research community in selfawareness, aiming to streamline collaboration between, and raise the profile of, disparate projects investigating self-awareness in autonomic systems and to convey the outcomes to a wider audience. The main objectives for the AWARE Coordination Action have been: • To encourage greater cooperation and exchange between projects funded under the FET Proactive Initiative Awareness through a range of activities • To support researchers active in self-awareness and autonomic systems and encourage international collaboration. • To help improve visibility of the grand challenges and methodological approaches identified by this community via a shared research agenda 6

AWARE COORDINATION PROJECT SUMMARY ACTION

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT 1

• To support training activities including summer schools and exchange activities • To produce and disseminate a repository of knowledge for researchers in this field (for improved synchronisation of concepts, terminology, approaches, etc) • To initiate sustainable scientific forums including a range of workshops and consultation events relevant to research interests • To promote the field more widely and generate interest by targeting publishers and national science funding agencies as well as commercial and industrial environments. These objectives have been pursued through a number of activities arranged in work packages (WPs). Although each WP has its own specific objectives, collectively the WPs address all objectives in an integrated manner. This report provides an overview of activities carried out over three years, while also making reference to those undertaken in the third year. The aim is to make it easier for reviewing the activities which do not always fall neatly into specific time periods. For example, some events were run in period 3, but most of the planning was undertaken in period 2. The work undertaken for the Awareness Magazine or the Slides Factory was on-going and should be seen as a whole, rather than an activity specific to a particular period. This approach also helps clarify the range of impact anticipated by AWARE, seeing all activities as collectively contributing to communitybuilding, public dissemination, training and roadmapping. Over three years, 60 different activities took place spanning peer-reviewed workshops; hosting keynote conference speakers; sponsoring several best paper awards; running summer schools and doctoral forums; organising public talks at major international science festivals; producing training materials; networking and interacting with Awareness projects and researchers at international events. Individual work package deliverables provide an activity report for each work package, and the summary of achievements includes: • Setting up the project website (www.aware-project.eu), a constant presence and focal point for the community, with 100,000 page views in three years and providing information across a range of topics for a variety of users via a mixture of articles, CfPs, video, audio and slide-presentations and social media. Specifically during period 3, all aspects of website content were enhanced. • Extending access via a mixture of access media to attract broader range of people and in ways which are specific to mobile devices including Facebook, Twitter, Vimeo, and the Awareness IPAD App. Specifically during period 3, the range of media used to promote Awareness was enhanced. • More than 29,000 visits to the Awareness website, with a significant increase in traffic 15,500 unique visitors (these figures exclude the Awareness Magazine hosted from a separate website, see below). Specifically during period 3, unique visitor numbers increased by 70% • Eleven research classification themes defined, clustered into three areas, to tag, structure and integrate website content. This was refined during period 3 from period 2’s 10 classification themes of four clusters. • Working with ASCENS, EPiCS, SAPERE, RECOGNITION and extending Awareness to cover other relevant research projects including COCORO, SYMBRION and Organic Computing and this continued in period 3 involving projects in a range of activities. 7

AWARE PROJECT SUMMARY

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

• Holding an inter-project workshop supported by all the projects and resulting useful input to the Awareness research agenda, Specifically during period 3, the Awareness workshop at SASO involved projects in helping to refine Research Agenda themes. • Cooperation with other EC-funded projects and Coordination Actions, continuing in per 3. • Organising two summer schools and three doctoral forums to train the next generation of researchers and extending skills to the whole community, with AWASS13 and 1 doctoral forum in period 3 • Running a virtual lecture series with eight lectures to highlight relevant new work and to serve as a useful resource for research and teaching; there were 4720 page visits by per 3 • Producing over 800 slides in a set of 19 separate lectures including a layman seminar with 87 slides; and four industry-aimed training lectures containing 174 slides; and a 13 lecture academic course containing 536 slides. Significant work was undertaken during period 3 to develop the work initiated at the Slides Factory taking place in period 2. • Links to over 109 interesting news articles from the scientific and general press on the Awareness website; developed in period 3 from the 80 appearing at end of period 2. • Support for ten exchange visits encouraging greater interdisciplinary research and including two multi-lateral workshops involving students and to help build relationships across continents; these bridged the reporting periods. • Preparing and distributing ten newsletters and 30 e-bulletin mailings to provide regular updates of research news and events to the Awareness membership base of over 900, totaling 21,100 individual mailings and over 5000 newsletter online views. Specifically during period 3, four newsletters were produced and 10 e-bulletins were sent. • Setting up the online Awareness Magazine including 52 feature articles on self-awareness research, attracting over 2500 unique visitors per month, averaging 9000 visits per month. Specifically during period 3, 19 additional articles appeared at the website to join the 33 articles at the website at end of period 2, though the commissioning and production process spans reporting periods. • Publishing an Awareness Book by Imperial College Press comprised of 17 selected chapters presenting research results and considering wider socio-technical, socio-political and/or environmental impact, and running authoring workshops to fine-tune ideas with the research community and to feed into the Awareness research agenda. The book process spans reporting periods but significant work was undertaken in period 3. • Preparing 180 project video documentaries, generating 5500 plays , including 57 research agenda interviews (all classified and tagged) and 82 “Awareness 101” video shorts describing research challenges from the Awareness community on the video wall and blog. It is too difficult to determine exact filming/editing/uploading dates to attribute these to particular reporting periods. • Preparing four general documentaries for public dissemination (an Awareness promotional short, Self-Awareness in Four Minutes, The Computer After Me, The Thinking Robot) intended to create a thematic overview of Awareness research to

AWARE PROJECT SUMMARY

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

engage a wider audience. Most of this work was carried out during period 3, though much of the planning was undertaken during period 2. • Undertaking research surveys, interviews, and consultations which defined eleven main research themes to underpin a research agenda which outlines future research including the potential for international cooperation. A lot of activity was undertaken in period 3 to build on work begun in earlier reporting periods. • Increasing international participation (especially Asia and USA) including invited speakers, students at summer schools, participation in research exchanges and networking and hosting international events. Specifically during period 3, this included AWASS 2013, EPiCS workshop, RECOGNITION workshop, four research exchanges, two miniworkshops, publicity at CEA2013, AINA 2013, ACEC/WETICE 2013, SASO2013, research consultations with Awareness projects. These and other activities are all part of the process of raising awareness for the research funded by the FET Proactive Initiative. They also foster future collaboration and cooperation. Spreading excellence, exploiting results, disseminating knowledge are the expected impacts for a coordination action. A key aim of AWARE has always been to provide greater visibility not only for the research, but also the transformative impact for society from computational awareness and self-awareness in autonomic systems. Over three years AWARE has put in place measures to encourage well-informed public discussions on societal implications involved in selfawareness, paying attention to technology’s ethical risks. Research dissemination has taken place on several different planes: • Between the participants of IPs and STREPs within the Proactive Initiatives and other ECfunded and national government-funded research projects • Between collaborative partners in academia and industry • With young researchers in early stages of training • With scientific press and other media organisations • With the general scientifically-informed public • Between other coordination actions or networks of excellence where greater communication and collaboration is mutually beneficial • With the European Commission to ensure information is more widely dispersed AWARE has coordinated dissemination to the public, primarily via the website, but also in the Magazine, newsletters and electronic mailings, video documentaries, through workshops, training events and research consultations. By continuously engaging with the public in different communication modes, and with the audience/unique visitor figures included in the summary above, AWARE has inspired a wider interest in this field. A final note for clarification: the terms AWARE and Awareness are often used interchangeably in this report, but in principle, the Coordination Action uses the public name of “Awareness” for consistent brand identity to match the Proactive Initiative, while reserving the AWARE name for grant agreement communications, reviewing and reporting.

AWARE PROJECT OBJECTIVES

Section 2

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

Project objectives

The main objectives for the AWARE Coordination Action are: • To encourage greater cooperation and exchange between projects funded under the FET Proactive Initiative Awareness through a range of activities • To support researchers active in self-awareness and autonomic systems and encourage international collaboration. • To help improve visibility of the grand challenges and methodological approaches identified by this community via a shared research agenda • To support training activities including summer schools and exchange activities • To produce and disseminate a repository of knowledge for researchers in this field (for improved synchronisation of concepts, terminology, approaches, etc) • To initiate sustainable scientific forums including a range of workshops and consultation events relevant to research interests • To promote the field more widely and generate interest by targeting publishers and national science funding agencies as well as commercial and industrial environments. The specific objectives per work package are: Work package 1 objectives • To provide an informative and cooperative infrastructure encouraging research exchange and development within self-awareness in autonomic systems. • To support interdisciplinary research across national and international boundaries within a range of academic and commercial environments. • To develop and promote activities and events and disseminate useful materials within the AWARE community and further afield. Work package 2 objectives • To promote a common understanding of the science, technology and applications of self-aware systems and networks across the range of Awareness projects. • To publicise and disseminate research results from, and of relevance to, the Awareness programme, in a timely, informative and accessible manner, through a number of conventional and innovative media. • To create lasting impact by producing tangible products whose utility to researchers and students will extend beyond the lifespan of the project Work package 3 objectives • To organise educational activities including summer schools particularly aimed at young researchers or those new to the field To produce training materials for an academic course (8-12 weeks), an industry training event (1-2 days), and an educated layman seminar (1-3 hours) • To facilitate tutorials at conferences by assisting senior researchers with learning presentation material aiming at fellow researchers. • To contribute web materials including slides, demos, videos to the widest possible audience at all levels of expertise. 10

AWARE PROJECT OBJECTIVES •

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

To promote training as a form of knowledge transfer to help influence European commercial competitiveness.

Work package 4 objectives • The key goal of this work package is research pathfinding, that is, to involve the AWARE community in the identification of strategic research directions, and of the potential for interdisciplinary cooperation across communities involved in Awareness-related research themes but whom currently are only loosely connected. In particular, WP4 will revolve around the following specific objectives: • To identify emerging research problems, key knowledge gaps and strategic developmental areas for problems related to self-aware and autonomic systems. • To promote consultations and exchange of ideas from key researchers active in FET research, particularly across the AWARE community. • To identify the potential synergies and complementarities within the research groups involved in the AWARE community, as well as with groups involved in other FET Proactive Initiatives. Work package 5 objectives • Provision of efficient administration and good management so as to ensure project aims are met within specified timescale and resources allowed, to quality standards expected of an FET project. • Provide clear communication and a harmonising environment for AWARE community, inspiring participation and involvement. • Liaison with the European Commission and keeping Project Officers fully informed. Recommendations of reviewers Following the period 1 and 2 reviews, the following recommendations were made by the reviewers, and improvements have been incorporated into year two and three activities. Specific details are elaborated in the work package activity reports in the following chapters and are also reported in the Project Management section 4. Period 1 reviewer comments: • Clarification of motivation, strategy and planning of workshops and external events : An addendum to period 1’s deliverable D1.2 was submitted in Period 2 and is also summarised in task 1.4 in the current WP1 activity report, deliverable D1.4. • Quantitative indicators for the ‘success level’ of project activities, eg number of participants attending training and community building activities, and –for workshopsthe number of participants, number of submissions, acceptance rate, etc : Details have been incorporated into all WP reporting. • Exploit better the synergies between work packages, eg WP2 and WP4 could jointly shape and structure material related to dissemination and emerging research scientific themes, including the Aware magazine and book : Tighter work package integration has been adopted between all WPs, as indicated in activity reports. 11

AWARE PROJECT OBJECTIVES

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

• Provide a clear assessment of the societal relevance of the research avenues supported by the coordination project, eg linking to news or articles in popular scientific journals dealing with topics (like climate change or pollution) where the notions of selfawareness and autonomic systems play a central direct or indirect role : The WP2 Magazine articles and WP3 links to popular science features include items with societal relevance and several speakers with relevant topics were chosen at WP1 events (eg Marco Aiello and Ichiro Satoh at SASO workshop). The documentary website launched in period 3 specifically addressed this topic in several videos including the documentary The Computer After Me, as well as the book of the same name. • Augment the visibility of FET-Awareness outside Europe and strengthen the relationships with the relevant research communities worldwide (in particular in the US, Japan and Korea), eg by inviting researchers active in the field outside Europe to contribute to articles, video interviews and summer schools, boosting synergies and collaboration between research in self-awareness and autonomic systems : An international approach has been adopted by all WPs with activity reports providing examples. • The consortium is encouraged to keep on using and experimenting with advanced ICT technologies.... But the consortium should duly consider accessibility issues : All materials created by AWARE are accessible from the website, and developments such as the Twitter, Facebook and IPAD app provide additional route for access to encourage greater use. Period 2 reviewer comments: • Improve international exposure by establishing cooperations with top-level research groups active on themes relevant for the scope of the FET Proactive Initiative : greater emphasis has been given across all WPs for international collaboration with key researchers as described for events, research exchanges, Magazine articles, Book chapters, training events and research agenda consultations, and D4.3 from period 2 was resubmitted to clarify a workable strategy • Implement actions targeting researchers working in industry : four industry training lectures comprised of 174 slides were produced by WP3 in period 3 • Streamline the work on the research agenda : strategy was clarified and themes were revised with greater detail given to relevant research topics • Explore the willingness and interest of the AWARE community (and of its young members in particular) to take over (part of) the activities currently run by the project (e.g., website, Summer School etc.) after the project’s end : this has been difficult to achieve since motivating geographically-dispersed individuals without any financial support to run events or pay website costs is a serious uphill challenge. No clear ideas have emerged and AWARE would welcome further suggestions from reviewers on how to tackle this.

AWARE PROJECT PROGRESS

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

Section 3 Work progress and achievements during period 3 Work progress during period 3 is described in the following pages in line with the five work packages included in Annex 1 of the AWARE Grant Agreement, and following the recommended reporting template. Most AWARE deliverables are work package activity reports and to avoid needless repetition, section 3 incorporates the deliverables for this period and describes work progress. Work package 5 focuses on project management and this is described in detail in section 4. All project deliverables and milestones have been achieved. WP1 Community Building activity report incorporates Deliverable 1.4 : activity report on community building activities WP2 Dissemination activity report incorporates Deliverable 2.7 : activity report including Magazine articles please note that Deliverable 2.5 : AWARE book The Computer After Me is available separately Deliverable 2.6 : AWARE documentary The Computer After Me is available separately WP3 Training activity report incorporates Deliverable 3.3 : activity report on training activities WP4 Emerging Research Themes activity report incorporates Deliverable 4.5 : activity report on research agenda activities please note that Deliverable 4.6 : Final roadmapping document is available separately WP5 Management activity report incorporates (shown in section 4) Deliverable 5.3 : Management report and project assessment

Executive Summary In general the consortium feels that the AWARE project has progressed in an excellent fashion through its three year contract. The project has been characterised by a team-based approach which allows synergistic advantages between workpackages and between the teams at the different partner organisations. Similarly, a team- and community-based approach to involvement of the sister projects (ASCENS, EPiCS, SAPERE, RECOGNITION) within the Pro-active Initiative has helped to ensure that the experience, talents and experience across the projects is most effectively used to provide the most benefit to all. As part of this commitment to the community the project welcomed the involvement of a new project, Organic Computing, in its activities during the second year, to join first year adoptees COCORO and SYMBRION.

AWARE PROJECT PROGRESS

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

While the work programme specified in the technical annex is an important reference point, the consortium is constantly reminded that the most important thing is to satisfy the project’s overall objectives. Where changes to the original work programme make sense in reaching those objectives, the AWARE Executive Committee has ensured that necessary changes are agreed and implemented – taking advice from the Commission as appropriate. A well-maintained internet presence is essential both to the fabric of the community and to ensuring that the resources the community requires are easily accessible, and this has been achieved via an extensive website attracting 15,500 unique visitors (and with site visits increasing from 4600 at the end of period 1 to 29,000 two years later). Access has also been extended access through the use of Facebook, Twitter and Vimeo, and the AWARE IPAD App. Traffic to website pages has increased six times since the end of year one up to 100,000 page views across a diverse set web pages. Another strength has been the multi-objective events which contribute to several task objectives in co-located activities. For example, in period 3 the training, roadmapping and community building aims of the international summer school were merged as Awareness project representatives participated as lecturers and students to work on case studies taken from the real problems faced by four of the projects. A PhD doctoral forum was held at the summer school in addition to a research agenda consultation helping more senior members of the community to benefit from the ideas of the new generation. Similarly, international collaboration was strengthened when the Awareness workshop was held at SASO 2013 in Philadelphia during period 3, providing for input to a public debate on the social implications of self-adaptive, self-organising systems. At the same event, final articles for the Awareness Magazine were collected and discussions helped to refine chapters for the Awareness book, The Computer After Me, as well as providing a research agenda activity to help shape roadmapping documentation. Working closely with the Awareness projects was central to period 3 activities as they looked to disseminate their project research. Four research exchanges took place: one between Recognition and Organic Computing projects; two involving EPiCS researchers; one involving an ASCENS researcher; and of these three involved non-European visits to Korea, USA, Brazil. In addition, two mini-workshops took place as foreseen in period 2 including one at MIT in USA. Moreover, AWARE helped to sponsor and promote two workshops for RECOGNITION in period 3 and one for EPiCS, and the Organic Computing Spring School. The AWARE consortium is aware that the best materials are those that are produced specifically for a given purpose and has recognised this by physically pulling together world-ranking scientists who have a great flair for teaching – and locking them in a room until such time as they had produced a rich set of training slides. Period 3 developed the materials produced in Slide Factory which took place in period 2, creating a series of teaching materials aimed at different audiences, with 87 slides for an introductory layman’s seminar, and 4 separate lectures containing 174 slides aimed at industry training, and also a full academic course of 13 lecurtes compised of 536 slides. This compilation of 800 slides in 18 different lectures took much of period 3 to produce but is an impressive collection of work, available at the Awareness website and also via the AWARE APP. Dissemination of ideas is crucial to a coordination action and this has taken place both through dissemination to the scientific community and also through dissemination to the wider public. Ten newsletters were produced (four in period 3) to help to keep the community informed, while the 52 articles published in the Awareness Magazine (19 produced in period 3) as well as Awareness links to over 109 interesting feature articles from the scientific and general press 14

AWARE PROJECT PROGRESS

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

take the ideas and experience into the wider scientific forum and to the general public beyond. An important lecture at the Edinburgh International Science Festival and the Awareness Science Cafe @ SASO 2012 in period 2 were ways to broaden the discussion to include wider social issues and in period 3, this was followed by a panel discussion at SASO 2013, several video documentaries at the website, and the Awareness book, The Computer After Me, set to be published in late 2013. Short documentaries are aimed at the general public, while the video archive of interviews and opinions helps to keep to community aware of emerging research themes. Together with the Awareness 101 “video wall” of research challenges, this helps to build a living research agenda with high accessibility. The aim of identifying 101 research challenges for self-aware systems was achieved in period 3. More formally, considerable work was undertaken in period 3 to refine the research themes previously identified into a meaningful classification. This has been achieved through a series of consultation events – many of which took place in partnership with the other activities of the project. In summary, the AWARE consortium feels that excellent progress has been made across the range of activities, working in partnership with each other, with the sister projects, with the wider scientific community, and with the public beyond to deliver the objectives of the project as set out in the annex and bringing as many benefits as possible to the community along the way. Summary list of AWARE activities Consolidation, international cooperation and working with the Awareness projects were the main emphasis for period 3. Many of the activities initiated during period 2 were further developed and refined during period 3 to enable all project deliverables to be met. The summary of achievements includes: various activities and events were run by the AWARE project during its third year, buiilding on the work undertaken during period 2 for interweaving the four AWARE workpackage tasks for community building, dissemination, training and research agenda. These included peer-reviewed workshops; hosting invited keynote speakers; sponsoring best paper awards; running a doctoral forum and summer school; organising a public talk of social implications of technology at a major conference; collating production of training materials at a Slides Factory event; networking and interacting with Awareness projects and at international events. Power-Grids mini-workshop in London in Nov 2013 AINA 2013 in Barcelona in March 2013 MIT mini-workshop in USA in May 2013 RECOGNITION workshop in Florence in June 2013 ACEC/WETICE 2013 in Tunisia in June 2013 AWASS 2013 in Lucca in June 2013 Doctoral forum in Lucca in June 2013 EPiCS workshop in Porto in Sept 2013 SASO workshop in Philadelphia in Sept 2013 Panel discussion (social implications), at SASO, in Sept 3013 in Philadelphia four research exchanges including two international plus six other events where Awareness research was promoted

AWARE PROJECT PROGRESS

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

Period 3 effort was also spent on • developing and consolidating the website especially the public-focused Computer After Me themed website • Extending access via a mixture of access media to attract broader range of people • Refining the classification themes for the research agenda into eleven research themes defined, clustered into three areas • Working with ASCENS, EPiCS, SAPERE, RECOGNITION and extending Awareness to cover other relevant research projects including COCORO, SYMBRION and Organic Computing • Producing over 800 slides in a set of 19 separate lectures including a layman seminar with 87 slides; and four industry-aimed training lectures containing 174 slides; and a 13 lecture academic course containing 536 slides. • Augmenting the interesting news articles from the scientific and general press on the Awareness website to a total of 109 • Preparing and distributing four newsletters and 10 e-bulletin mailings to provide regular updates of research news and events to the Awareness membership base of over 900 • Adding 19 articles to the online Awareness Magazine • Completing final copy for an Awareness Book The COmputer After Me to be published by by Imperial College Press comprised of 17 selected chapters presenting research results and considering wider socio-technical, socio-political and/or environmental impact • Completing the 180 project video documentaries including the “Awareness 101” video shorts on the Awareness video wall • Preparing four general documentaries for public dissemination (an Awareness promotional short, Self-Awareness in Four Minutes, The Computer After Me, The Thinking Robot) intended to create a thematic overview of Awareness research to engage a wider audience. The table overleaf shows indicates the range of 60 activities undertaken by the AWARE Coordination Action over three years, including which work packages were involved, approximate participation numbers and where Awareness projects participated. Period 3 activities can be determined by dates from October 2012, but this body of work initiated by the AWARE is best seen in its totality over three years.

AWARE PROJECT PROGRESS

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

Awareness Coordination Action events/activities

par+cipant numbers

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

RECOGNITIO N

COCORO

EPiCS

SYMBRION

Vienna Uni Tech exch with Karlsruhe Inst research exchange Tech

Ann Arbor, USA

peer-‐reviewed Awareness workshop workshop, hosted at SASO 2011 speaker

EPiCS

SAPERE

COCORO

Organic

Oct-‐11

Bologna, Italy

project mee+ng/ discussion/ﬁlming

publicity

SAPERE

WP3, WP1

Oct-‐Dec 2011

online

AVLS 2011: virtual lectures

training ac+vity

4720 page visits

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

RECOGNITIO N

WP3, WP1

Nov-‐11

Munich, Germany

project mee+ng/ discussion/ﬁlming

publicity

ASCENS

WP1, WP2,

Dec-‐11

York, UK

Bione+cs 2011

hosted speaker

WP3, WP2, WP1

Dec-‐11

York, UK

training ac+vity, Awareness Doctoral hosted speaker, st forum 1 bursaries

WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4

Jan-‐12

Bologna, Italy

Awareness-‐ interproject workshop

inter-‐project workshop

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

RECOGNITIO N

COCORO

SYMBRION

WP1

Jan-‐12

London, UK

Natl Centre for Research exch with ICL

research exchange

WP1

Feb-‐12

Parma, Italy WIVACE 2012

hosted speaker, best paper

Organic

WP4

Mar-‐12

Fukuoka, Japan

AINA2012

publicity-‐ networking

400

WP4

Mar-‐12

Florence, Italy

project mee+ng/ discussion

publicity-‐ networking

ASCENS

WP2, WP1

Apr-‐12

Edinburgh, UK

Edinburgh Intl public engagement Science Fes+val 2012

250

SYMBRION

WP1

May-‐12

Paderborn, Germany

WiOPT 2012

hosted speaker

EPiCS

WP1

May-‐12

Delb Uni Tech Zürich, exchange with ETH Switzerland Zürich

research exchange

WP4

Jun-‐12

Zürich, SEAMS 2012 Switzerland

hosted speaker

ASCENS

SAPERE

WP2, WP4

Jun-‐12

Toulouse, France

ACEC/WETICE 2012

hosted speaker, best paper

WP2

Jun-‐12

Hannover, Germany

project mee+ng/ discussion

publicity-‐ networking

Organic

WP3, WP1

Jun-‐12

Edinburgh, UK

AWASS 1

summer school, hosted speaker

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

RECOGNITIO N

Organic

SYMBRION

WP1

Sep-‐12

Edinburgh, UK

UKCI 2012

best paper

WP1

Sep-‐12

Oslo, Norway

EPiCS workshop at SRCS2012

hosted speaker

EPiCS

WP1, WP4

Sep-‐12

San Jose, USA

Self-‐aware IOT at ICAC2012

hosted speaker

WP4, WP2, WP1, WP3

Sep-‐12

Lyon, France

Awareness Doctoral hosted speaker, forum 2 student bursaries

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

Organic

SYMBRION

date

name

ac+vity type

WP3, WP1

Jun-‐11

Birmingham Self-‐awareness in talk, publicity UK compu+ng workshop

WP1

Aug-‐11

Karlsruhe, Germany

WP1, WP2, WP4

Oct-‐11

WP3, WP1

Organic SYMBRION Compu+ng

....................................................................PERIOD 3 ACTIVITIES...................................................

AWARE PROJECT PROGRESS

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT par+cipant numbers

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

peer-‐reviewed Awareness workshop workshop, hosted at SASO 2012 speaker

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

Organic

SYMBRION

Lyon, France

Science café at SASO2012

public engagement

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

Organic

SYMBRION

Sep-‐12

Lyon, France

project mee+ng/ discussion

publicity-‐ networking

SAPERE

WP2

Sep-‐12

Kuching, Malaysia

PRIMA 2012

publicity-‐ networking

WP3, WP2, WP4, WP1

Sep-‐12

Barcelona, Spain

Slides Factory

training ac+vity

1171 slide views in Sept 13

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

SYMBRION

WP1

Oct-‐12

Politecnico Milano Phiiladelphia exch with Drexel Uni, research exchange , USA USA

WP2, WP1

Nov-‐12

London, UK

Power-‐Grids Workshop

mul+-‐lateral workshop

WP1

Nov-‐12

Augsburg, Germany

Uni Florence exchange with Uni Augsburg

research exchange

RECOGNITIO N

Organic

WP2

Jan-‐13

Warsaw, Poland

University of Warsaw

publicity-‐ networking

WP4-‐ WP1

Jan-‐13

Milan, Italy

CEA '13

publicity-‐ networking

WP2

Feb-‐13

Augsburg, Germany

University of Augsburg

publicity-‐ networking

Organic

WP1

Feb-‐13

Milano, Italy

Uni Birmingham to Politecnico Milano

research exchange

EPiCS

WP4, WP1

Mar-‐13

Barcelona

AINA 2013

publicity-‐ networking

600

WP1, WP3

Apr-‐13

Augsburg, Germany

Organic Compu+ng Spring School

publicity, training

Organic

WP1

May-‐13

Cambridge, MIT-‐Politecnico USA workshop

WP1

June-‐Sept online 2013

EPiCS

WP1

Jun-‐13

Florence, Italy

hosted speaker

RECOGNITIO N

WP4, WP1

Jun-‐13

Hammamet, ACEC/WETICE 2013 Tunisia

publicity-‐ networking

WP2

Jun-‐13

Toronto, Canada

EEE Intl Symposium of Tech & Society

publicity-‐ networking

100

WP1

Jun-‐13

Gwangiu, Korea

ICL exchange with Chosen Uni Korea

research exchange

EPiCS

WP3, WP1

Jun-‐13

Lucca, Italy

AWASS 2

summer school

ASCENS

EPiCS

COCORO

SYMBRION

WP3, WP1

Jun-‐13

Lucca, Italy

Awareness Doctoral training ac+vity forum 3

ASCENS

EPiCS

WP1

Sep-‐13

Porto, Portugal

EPiCS workshop at SRCS2013

EPiCS

SAPERE

WP1, WP2, WP4

Sep-‐13

Philadelphia, Awareness workshop peer-‐reviewed USA at SASO 2013 AWARE workshop

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

Organic

WP2

Sep-‐13

Awareness panel Philadelphia, discussion at SASO USA 2013

public engagement

100

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

Organic

WP1

Sep-‐13

Karlsruhe, Germany

publicity

RECOGNITIO N

date

name

WP1, WP2, WP4

Sep-‐12

Lyon, France

WP2, WP1

Sep-‐12

WP4, WP1

ac+vity type

mul+-‐lateral workshop

EPiCS student video publicity-‐ contest networking Recogni+on workshop

Recogni+on workshop

hosted speaker

RECOGNITIO N

COCORO

Organic SYMBRION Compu+ng

....................................................................PERIOD 3 ACTIVITIES...................................................

AWARE PROJECT PROGRESS

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

date

name

ac+vity type

WP1

Sep-‐13

Berlin, Germany

Pon+ﬁcial Uni Brazil exch with Fraunhofer research exchange FOKUS

par+cipant numbers

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

RECOGNITIO N

COCORO

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

RECOGNITIO N

COCORO

Organic

SYMBRION

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

RECOGNITIO N

COCORO

Organic

SYMBRION

Organic SYMBRION Compu+ng

WP2, WP1

years 1-‐3

online

2500 unique Awareness Magazine public engagement visitors per month

WP2, WP1

years 1-‐3

online

Awareness newslehers

public engagement 5000 views

WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4

years 1-‐3

online

Awareness website

public engagement

15000 unique visitors

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

RECOGNITIO N

COCORO

Organic

SYMBRION

WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4

years 1-‐3

online

Awareness videos (180)

public engagement

5500 plays

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

RECOGNITIO N

COCORO

Organic

SYMBRION

WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4

years 1-‐3

Imperial Press

Awareness Book, Computer Aber Me

public engagement

WP3, WP1

years 1-‐3

online

Awareness APP

public engagement

WP4, WP1

years 1-‐3

online

Awareness research public engagement agenda

ASCENS

EPiCS

SAPERE

RECOGNITIO N

COCORO

Organic

SYMBRION

Planned events which did not work out (details in WP1) cancelled

Jun-‐11

Lucca, Italy

AWASS 2011

summer school poor registra+on numbers

cancelled

Jun-‐11

Karlsruhe, Germany

ICAC 2011

workshop

proposal rejected

cancelled

Mar-‐13

Lisbon, Portugal ICAS 2013

workshop, science café

quality concerns

cancelled

May-‐13

San Francisco, USA

SEAMS 2013

best paper

conﬂic+ng events

cancelled

May-‐13

London, UK

Dana Centre

public engagement

ﬁnancial cutbacks aﬀec+ng selec+on

cancelled

Jun-‐13

Budapest, Hungary

IEEE context-‐ saware workshop

sponsored speaker

cancelled workshop

cancelled

Jun-‐13

San Jose, USA

ICAC Self-‐ware IoT workshop 2013

best paper

organisa+onal issues

cancelled

Jul-‐13

Helsinki, Finland MOSPAS 2013

hosted speaker

programme issues

cancelled

Aug-‐13

Genève, Swizterland

Un Utara research Malaysia to Uni exchange Genève

logis+cal delays

cancelled

Sep-‐13

Newcastle, UK

Bri+sh Science Fes+val

venue issues

public engagement

Organic SYMBRION Compu+ng

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

The different types of activities organised by the Coordination Action are shown below indicating that a broad approach was adopted to involve different levels of participation.

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Most community building activities took place at European events (as described more fully in Task 1.4) though participation from outside Europe also took place and of course much of the work organised by the Coordination Action was also available online at the website.

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WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

The Awareness projects were involved in many of these activities as indicated in the overview chart on preceding pages. Great effort was made to include project representatives in all activities to aid collaboration and exchange and to introduce project partners to other researchers.

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Six work tasks in WP1 Six separate tasks were undertaken in work package 1 to achieve community building objectives and task activities are described in detail below.

TASK 1.1 Provide a website acting as unified resource for AWARE community and to promote the public face of self-awareness in autonomic systems The web system comprises a mash-up of current Internet technologies. The core of the system utilises Wordpress blog architecture, version 3.2.1. The system is installed on an EasySpace Virtual Server that runs Apache 2.0.52 and PHP 4.3.9. The system database is MySQL 4.1.22. The Wordpress template used is a customised Arras Theme. The Arras Theme enables a newspaper-type interface that at the time of implementation was understood to be suited to the event driven/time dependent content of a FET coordination action. The mashedup system utilises the following technologies:

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

Some core statistics: The Awareness website attracted approximately 100,000 page views over three years, with 29,000 total visits, growing from 6300 in the first year to 11,000 and 12,000 respectively in each of years two and three. More than half of these (15,500) were unique visitors. The bounce rate (the percentage of visitors who visit the site and leave immediately without visiting another page) is 38% and this is comparatively low and shows good engagement with the site content. Most users are from EU countries (approximately 72%), though 13% are from the Americas (4% increase on year 2), 11% from Asia (3% increase on year 2) and 3% from Africa and Oceania (1% increase on year 2). In summary, the Awareness website generates a significant amount of traffic to a specialised domain and so can be considered successful in terms of engagement with the research subject. In representing the public face of the Awareness initiative, it is useful to examine the Google rankings of the site (shown below). It is clear that users searching for information relating to awareness in autonomic systems are likely to find the website. Search Term

Google Index

awareness

(4 place increase since year 2)

aware project

self-awareness autonomic systems

2 (1 place increase since year 2)

awareness self-awareness autonomic systems

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

Furthermore, there has been a 750% increase since year 1 to 55,800 hyperlinks in year 3 that point to Awareness content on the Awareness website. This shows a successful propagation of Awareness material throughout the web. Using the above mashed-up suite of technologies enables a greater dissemination of Awareness content through social media channels. The pie chart below shows an analysis of the traffic to the Awareness site generated via social media channels. Although the total percentage of traffic generated in this manner is small, a rising trend is observed. Media such as Facebook proved particularly useful during the summer school, appealing to a younger audience. Also, using technologies such as Vimeo, Slideshare and ISSUU Awareness assets provide an Internet life beyond the end of a given project.

Content on the Awareness website is meticulously compounded with meta-data to optimise searchability and findability. Media is tagged with keywords and themes provided by project partners â&#x20AC;&#x201C; further synthesising content in terms of self-awareness in autonomic systems. Extensive hyperlinking is used to associate content with similar or contrasting viewpoints and with researchers relevant to particular positions. In terms of the Wordpress architecture chosen for the site, it is useful to evaluate it with the benefit of experience: Positive aspects have been: â&#x20AC;˘ Helping project partners to be able to post news items from mobile devices to the website (109 news articles) 28

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING • • •

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

Newspaper-style homepage with multiple paths into website content Off-the-shelf widgets to easily extend site functionality – e.g. integration with Twitter and Facebook, image galleries and web forms. Accessible easy-to-use administration area with comprehensive permissions settings.

Drawbacks of using the blog architecture have been: • Inflexibility of the fundamental chronological nature of blogging software – having to alter dates continually to make content flow chronologically post-event • Difficulty in developing micro-sites within the software architecture, which meant having to set up separate html sites outwith the blog structure yet within the Awareness domain, for example for the the Virtual Lecture Series: http://www.awareproject.eu/lectures/, the SASO Workshop 2012: http://www.aware-project.eu/ saso-2012/ and the Awareness 101 Video Wall: http://www.aware-project.eu/ awareness-101.html Final archiving tasks have involved optimising the Research Agenda and Training areas, finalising pages for Dissemination work, in particular for The Computer After Me, public engagement website, as well as fully synthesising content fully for the post-project longevity of Awareness assets.

TASK 1.2 Gather and publicise information about research and researchers, publications, surveys, articles; conference and workshop details; training materials etc. from contributions from all WPs Content to publicise the spectrum of Awareness activities is generated across all workpackages, and integrated into the single Awareness web portal at www.aware-project.eu. Publicity A combination of active and passive strategies are used to push material out to the Awareness community proactively while simultaneously presenting it at the website in an accessible manner. The Coordination Action has published: •

408 Wordpress blog articles/pages, covering Awareness activities from all work packages and the projects too (more than three-fold increase since year 1)

•

480 tweets on Twitter publicising project news, new Awareness content (e.g. video, articles etc.), magazine and newsletter issues (nearly six times as much as year 1)

•

180 videos on Vimeo covering event documentation, researcher interviews, views on Awareness challenges, and opinion from leaders in the field (compared to 20 in year 1). Video content generated a total of 5500 plays

•

73 slide presentations on Slideshare gathered from events and disseminated to a wider public (8,630 views, majority from the US 25% higher than any other country)

•

30 e-bulletins sent to 900 subscribers to Awareness news and content, totaling 21,100 individual mailings.

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING Publicity Media

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT End Year 1

By end Year 2

By end Year 3

Wordpress pages

124

340

408

Tweets

380

480

Videos

130

180

Slide presentations

E-bulletins

In terms of pro-active publicity, the main activities in this respect are the production of newsletters (discussed in task T1.3) and the regular despatch of e-bulletins. Following ebulletins, we observe an immediate 50% increase in visits to the site. The greatest number of recorded web visits in one day was 444, which followed an e-bulletin on the same day. Ensuring regular e-bulletin dissemination is seen as an effective publicity mechanism. The Awareness Video Wall showing views on current research challenges relevant to selfawareness in autonomic computing generated 1500 views, and the ten top video interviews generated a further 2500 views. Other video visits were attracted to the Virtual Lecture Series, “How to Get a PhD” (as part of the Doctoral Forum web pages), summer school lectures and a video interview following a science festival public talk on The Thinking Robot. Serious consideration was given to using the video medium to convey ideas to an audience familiar with browsing and accessing information in this way. 180 videos were filmed, edited and made available at the Awareness website including • • • • • • • •

82 video challenges on the video wall (to complement WP4 activities) 57 video opinions (to complement WP4 activities) 10 Awareness Virtual Lectures (to complement WP3 activities) 2 How to get a PHD films (to complement WP3 activities) 2 Short documentary films: The Computer After Me & The Thinking Robot (to complement WP2 activities) 1 Awareness Promotional short film (to complement WP2activities) 1 Awareness Slideshow for the ‘science aware’ public (to complement WP2 activities) • 1 film of the Science Cafe (to complement WP2 activities) • 1 film In conversation with.... (to complement WP2 activities) • Various other videos from workshops, summer schools etc Mixed Media Information is presented using a variety of media, e.g. audio, video, slide-presentations, text and images. The aim is to make content current and dynamic including for example, a weekly “Researcher of the Week” feature; and highlighting recent articles in the Awareness magazine. An analysis is given below of the information categories accessed, using the main tabs available on the website to define categories. The chart below categorises visits to the top 100 web pages accessed and this accounts for some 63,000 pages visited from the 100,000 total page visits. Social media outlets considerably multiply how Awareness assets are distributed in addition to the Awareness website. Details of this “multiplier effect” are not available, both Vimeo and Slideshare have considerable communities of their own and using them, Awareness content reaches a much wider audience. 30

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2

As expected, most people access the website via the front page. The Training section of the website accounts for approximately 19% of total traffic, mainly visits to Summer School web pages, the Virtual Lecture Series and the Slides Factory. Awareness Activities pages too with workshop information generate a lot of traffic (approximately a fifth of the total, and doubling since year 2). The Research Agenda represents 5% of the top 100 pages visited and it scores highly for ‘plays’, totaling 2400 plays of Research Agenda tagged content.

Analysis of the website user interaction with different work packages denotes the following: •

There has been considerable synthesis of content across work packages, for example activities and training events provide resources for the Research Agenda as video opinions or 101 challenges, the Researcher of the Week associates people with projects, in short, content is hyperlinked across work package and partner details.

•

All work packages score significant numbers of web-based activity

•

The Training and Events sections are the most visited

•

Users are interested in information on events and accessing materials published postevent

•

Users are interested in what Awareness is, who to contact and funding opportunities

•

Users are seeking useful resources, especially slides but also video 31

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2

•

Users are interested in viewing information on the projects, connecting to websites via Awareness

•

Users interact significantly with the Research Agenda, especially video opinions, but also 101 challenges – the most popular themes are self-* and adaptation, the least popular – system properties

•

TASK1.3 To distribute regular AWARE newsletters and informative mailings from content generated by WP2 E-Bulletins E-bulletins are regularly sent to the Awareness mailing list that comprises some 900 members. The bulletins summarise in a succinct, easy-to-read and appealing form the upcoming Awareness events and deadlines, promote the Research Exchanges and raise awareness of new material available on the website (e.g new Magazine articles or training material). Thirty e-bulletins were distributed over three years, eight in the first year, twelve during year 2 and ten have been sent in year 3. The schedule is given below. The ‘open’ rate for e-bulletins is approximately 25%, that is, out of a total of approximately 20,000 sends, e-bulletins have been viewed around 5000 times. Date Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

# e-bulletins sent

May 2011

June 2011

August 2011

September 2011

November 2011

December 2011

February 2012

March 2012

April 2012

June 2012

July 2012

December 2012

March 2013

May 2013

June 2013

July 2013

August 2013

Newsletters The Awareness newsletters are a cross-activity between WP1 and WP2, with input and direction by both work package leaders. Ten newsletters were produced over the duration of the project, coinciding with key promotional points. They are useful to take to meetings and events. 32

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2

In addition to promoting activities and reporting on relevant news, the research work and focus of the Awareness projects has been featured. This has been welcomed by project coordinators to help with their own dissemination, and the Awareness projects are contacted in advance of each issue to encourage them to submit news from their projects. The final newsletter provides a useful summary of research achievements funded by the Awareness Proactive Initiative. The newsletters appear in Appendix 1. Newsletters are distributed in multiple forms: • • •

in printed form, taken to events and conferences online through the ISSUU website (http://issuu.com/) an open, online publications service download as a pdf file from the Awareness website

Printed copies were taken to all events in which Awareness participated and were also sent to the Awareness projects. Copies were distributed at conferences and workshops. Statistics showing the number of downloads of each issue for the ISSUU site are given in the table below. Each issue is also promoted through an emailed e-bulletin to the project community list of around 900 subscribers. The Awareness newsletters have covered a wide variety of topics; those relevant to this Community Building workpackge include: • • • • •

Detailed coverage of individual projects Interviews with leading researchers Promoting upcoming events (e.g workshops, events with sponsored speaker, bestpaper awards etc.) Post-reporting on events, highlighting access to materials relevant to the event on the website Promoting research exchanges

In addition to individual e-bulletin mailings incorporating newsletter details, approximately 1200 newsletter page visits were recorded in year 3 and separately, the views per issue via the ISSU website are shown below, leading to a total of over 5000 views.

Newsleher issue date

Views (via ISSUU)

Spring 2011 Autumn 2011 Winter 2011 Spring 2012 Summer 2012 Autumn 2012 Winter 2013 Spring 2013 Summer 2013 Autumn 2013

191 182 355 1639 460 431 165 368

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2

TASK 1.4 To organise workshops events in key research areas During the first year, the Awareness Coordination Action surveyed appropriate conferences in which to run Awareness workshops, looking to where members of the Awareness projects preferred to publish as well as other relevant events. Much of year one was spent planning and setting up activities since a significant lead time for workshop proposal submission is needed. As a result, most of the Awareness events took place during the second and third years. Motivation and strategy for selecting events In reviewing the wide range of conferences relevant to self-awareness in autonomic systems, these were organised by ‘type’ according to their high-level scientific domain under the following broad categories : • • • • • • • • •

Autonomic computing/self* Software engineering Pervasive Computing Networks Robotics Complex Systems Artificial Intelligence Context-aware systems Bio-inspired

Specifically, every conference where the Awareness projects had published was identified. Based on this, the following four conferences were identified as those having most appeal across the spectrum of research that is relevant to autonomic computing/self*. Clearly, each project would also continue to publish in their own specialised conferences but particular effort was made to target the four conferences below, to encourage project participation. Conference SASO, the IEEE international conferences on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems

ICAC, ACM International Conference on Autonomic Computing

SEAMS, International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and SelfManaging Systems

Description SASO conference series aims to provide a forum for the foundations of a principled approach to engineering systems, networks and services based on self-adaptation and self-organization, to find new ways of designing and managing networks, systems and services. In this endeavor, selforganization and self-adaptation have emerged as two promising interrelated facets of a paradigm shift. ICAC aims to address multiple facets of adaptation and self-management in computing systems and applications from different perspectives. Autonomic computing solutions are sought for clouds, grids, data centers, enterprise software, internet services, data services, smart phones, embedded systems, sensor networks where resources and applications must be managed to maximize performance and minimize cost, while maintaining predictable and reliable behavior in the face of varying workloads, failures, and malicious threats SEAMS brings together researchers and practitioners from diverse areas to engage in the fundamental principles, state of the art, and critical challenges of self-adaptive and self-managing systems.focusing on software engineering aspects, including the methods, architectures, algorithms, techniques, and tools used to support dynamic adaptive behavior that includes self-adaptive, self-managing, self-healing, selfoptimizing, and self-configuring, and autonomic software.

ICAS, International Conference on ICAS (International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems) Autonomic and Autonomous Systems

is a multi-track event covering related topics on theory and practice on systems automation, autonomous systems and autonomic computing.

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2

Consideration was given on how to involve researchers at different levels, knowing that it would be difficult to maintain high-quality levels if too many workshops were held too close together, diluting participation. So a mixture of different access points was thought the best way to involve more people. In addition to running peer-reviewed workshops, Awareness sponsored best paper awards, sponsored invited speakers, provided student travel bursaries, organised tutorials at PhD doctoral forums, and provided the means for debate and discussion in Science Cafes held at conferences. Moreover, a mixture of sponsored activities across a range of events optimised work package integration and helped provide collaborative perspectives so that, for example, WP4 research agenda interviews could be organised at WP1 workshops, along with WP2 science cafĂŠ public engagement events and WP3 doctoral forums involving early career researchers. A mixed portfolio of activities was seen as beneficial for community building involving more people collaborating in different ways. The table below summarises Awareness events and activities in the four conferences selected as most relevant. Other events at other conferences were also run as described in detail in the next section. Details of AWARE events/activity SASO

Peer-reviewed workshop 2011 Peer-reviewed workshop 2012 Doctoral forum 2012 (with WP3) Science Cafe 2012 (with WP2) Peer-reviewed workshop 2013 Public engagement panel (with WP2)

ICAC

Workshop Proposal submitted (rejected) 2011 Sponsored speaker at ICAC Internet of Things workshop 2012 Plans for best paper award at ICAC IoT workshop 2013 thwarted programming issues

SEAMS Sponsored speaker 2012 Plans for best paper award at SEAMS 2013 thwarted - event conflicts ICAS Event in 2012 in Dutch Antilles considered too expensive to attend Plans for ICAS workshop 2013 thwarted - quality issues

Engagement with Awareness projects was a priority from the outset, but this has not proved difficult as the projects were willing to be involved the range of events organised by the Coordination Action. The overview activity chart in the Executive Summary indicates where Awareness projects have been involved in different activities.

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT21

Events Overview The following section describes WP1 community building events, although some of these were organised in conjunction with other WPs to include other activities. The diagram and chart below show the events categorised by type.

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Type of Event

Event Name

Awareness peer-reviewed workshop

3: SASO 2011, SASO 2012, SASO 2013

Inter-project workshop

Hosted by SAPERE 2012

Awareness-sponsored speaker

Bionetics 2011, WIVACE 2012, WiOPT 2012, SEAMS 2012, ACEC/WETICE 2012, EPICS w’shop 2012,SelfIoT at ICAC 2012, RECOGNITION w’shop 2013, EPiCS w’shop 2013,

Awareness-sponsored best paper award

ACEC/WETICE 2012, WIVACE 2012, UKCI 2012

Awareness Doctoral Forum (with WP3)

3: Bionetics 2011, SASO 2012, AWASS 2013

Awareness-sponsored student bursaries

9 in total for Doctoral forum at Bionetics 2011 & SASO 2012

Multi-lateral research exchange workshops

2 : held at Imperial College London & MIT USA

Research exchanges

8 exchanges plus 2 mini-workshops

Awareness publicity and promotion (with WP2)

Self-awareness workshop 2011, AINA Japan 2012, PRIMA 2012, CEA 2013, AINA 2013, ACEC/WETICE 2013, RECOGNITION workshop, Organic Spring School and other events

Public Engagement (with WP2)

Edinburgh International Science Festival 2012, Science Cafe at SASO 2012, Panel at SASO 2013,

Training events (with WP3)

3: AWASS 2012, AWASS2013, Slides Factory

Research agenda consultations and project meetings (with WP4)

including ASCENS, SAPERE, EPiCS, RECOGNITION, COCORO, Organic Computing

WP1 COMMUNITY BUILDING

PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2

Details of Individual Events October 2011 : SASO 2011 The Awareness workshop entitled “Challenges in achieving self-awareness in autonomous systems” took place at SASO 2011, the 5th IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems, in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA in October 2011. Seven accepted papers, were presented and the workshop gave opportunities for international collaboration between researchers from USA, Asia and Europe. Awareness sponsored invited speaker Niranjan Suri from the Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition to the 30 workshop participants on “An Agile Computing Approach to Engineering Adaptive and Resilient Computing Systems”. Research agenda interviews and Awareness 101 Challenges were also captured in short video clips from approximately one third of the conference delegates. This workshop was the first real scientific event sponsored by the coordination action, and included participation from several individuals attending from the Awareness projects. Awareness project partner Jeremy Pitt and his student Julia Schaumeier won best paper award at the SASO conference. Statistics showing the submission and acceptance rates are show in the table below: SASO 2011 Statistics Total Number of Submissions Papers accepted as full papers Papers accepted as work-in-progress Rejections

9 5 2 2

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December 2011 : BIONETICS 2012 Awareness also participated in Bionetics 2011, the 6th International ICST Conference on Bio-Inspired Models of Network, Information and Computing Systems, held in December 2011 in York, UK which aims to bring together researchers from diverse disciplines to seek the fundamental principles and design strategies in biological systems and leverage these to build bio- inspired systems. Accepted papers were published in Springer's LNICST series, and authors of the best papers were invited to submit an extended version to a special issue of the Elsevier Nano Communication Networks journal. It was thought best not to run another peer-reviewed workshop so close to the SASO workshop so Awareness sponsored the travel costs for the opening keynote talk entitled “A Methodology for Engineering Intelligent Socio-Technical Systems” by Jeremy Pitt from Imperial College London whose primary research interest is in multi-agent systems, especially in communications. He has been applying socio-economic principles to examine self-organising institutions. A second keynote was given by Dario Floreano, who in 2000 was awarded the first Swiss National Science Foundation professorship in bioinspired robotics at EPFL. and in 2011 became Director of the newly established Swiss National Center of Competence in Robotics. The conference paper topics ranged from robotic coordination to attack detection in peer-to-peer networks, and several work-in-progress papers were inspired by biological mechanisms including evolution, flocking and artificial immune systems. Bionetics 2011 attracted approximately 90 participants. This event also demonstrated synthesis between WP1 working closely with WP3, by incorporating a PhD doctoral forum, and also with WP4 by holding video interviews and seeking contributions to the Awareness 101 research agenda activity (see WP4 for more details).

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The PhD forum held at Bionetics 2011 gave an opportunity to young researchers to present their work, at different stages of PhD progress, in a friendly and supportive environment. Gusz Eiben from the Vrije University, Amsterdam, gave a talk entitled “Methodological Issues in Bio-inspired Computing, or How to Get a PhD in….?” (available at http:// www.aware-project.eu/2011/media-from-bionetics-phdforum/.) and a video of this is available at the Awareness website along with his presentation slides. The talk was followed by six presentations from PhD students who benefitted from audience and experts’ feedback. All papers were included in the Bionetics 2012 conference proceedings (Springer LNICST series). Applying Bees Algorithm for Trust Management in Cloud Computing Mohamed Firdhous, Osman Ghazali, Suhaidi Hassan Artificial Negative Selection: Searching for an Appropriate Application Scenario Yevgen Nebesov Spatio-Temporal Modeling and simulation of Mycobacterium Pathogenesis using Petri nets” Rafael Carvalho, Fons J. Verbeek, Annemarie Meijer, Willem Davids Immune Inspired Adaptive Information Filtering: Focusing on Profile Adaptation Nurulhuda Mohd Azmi, Fiona Polack, Jon Timmis Design and Modeling for Self-Organizing Autonomic Systems Paul Snyder, Giuseppe Valetto Asynchronous Idiotypic Network Simulator (Demo Paper) Kevin Sim

An “Ask the Experts” discussion session followed to give useful advice to PhD students and the audience of approximately 25 members, and this was led by Gusz Eiben and Bionetics 2012 co-chairs, Emma Hart (Edinburgh Napier University) and Jon Timmis (York University). Awareness sponsored several travel bursaries to the PhD students travelling from outwith the Europe. The PhD Forum was seen as a particularly useful activity for Awareness and with its perceived success, several additional ones have been planned.

January 2012 : inter-project workshop Bringing the Awareness projects together to consider common research challenges was a key step in community building and this took place in Bologna in January 2012, with the SAPERE project acting as host. More details under task 1.5.

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February 2012 : WIVACE 2012 The 2012 Italian Workshop on Artificial Life and Evolutionary Computation was held in Parma for an audience of approximately 90. Artificial life topics were relevant to Awareness which sponsored Domenico Parisi's invited talk on “Two limitations of current living artifacts and how to overcome them”. Domencio Parisi is Research Director at the Institute of Cognitive Sciences and technologies of the National Research Council in Rome, where he works at the Laboratory of Artificial Life and Robotics. His work deals with the development of simulation models of individual and social behaviours and considers their impact on culture and evolution of societies and their applications. .

Other talks included Riccardo Poli (University of Essex) one entitled “Taming the complexity of natural and artificial evolutionary dynamics” and tutorials on “Organic Computing” by Christian Müller-Scholar (University of Hannover) and “Evolutionary Game Theory” by Marco Tomassini (University of Lausanne) The tutorial presented by Christian Müller-Schloer on Organic Computing was particularly of interest to the Awareness Coordination Action and as a result, this German government– sponsored research project was invited to join Awareness and “adopted” as a relevant project along with other adoptees COCORO and SYMBRION. Workshops provide a useful way to develop new relationships and extend the Awareness community. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Tutorial on Organic Computing by Christian Müller-Schloer Organic computing is a form of biologically-inspired computing with organic properties. It has emerged recently as a challenging vision for future information processing systems. Organic Computing is based on the insight that we will soon be surrounded by large collections of autonomous systems, which are equipped with sensors and actuators, aware of their environment, communicate freely, and organise themselves in order to perform the actions and services that seem to be required. The presence of networks of intelligent systems in our environment opens fascinating application areas but, at the same time, bears the problem of their controllability. Hence, we have to construct such systems — which we increasingly depend on — as robust, safe, flexible, and trustworthy as possible. In particular, a strong orientation towards human needs as opposed to a pure implementation of the technologically possible seems absolutely central. In order to achieve these goals, our technical systems will have to act more independently, flexibly, and autonomously, i.e. they will have to exhibit life-like properties. We call those systems "organic". Hence, an "Organic Computing System" is a technical system, which adapts dynamically to the current conditions of its environment. It is characterised by the self-X properties: * self-organization * self-configuration (auto-configuration) * self-optimisation (automated optimization) * self-healing * self-protection (automated computer security) * self-explaining * and context-awareness The vision of Organic Computing and its fundamental concepts arose independently in different research areas like Neuroscience, Molecular Biology, and Computer Engineering. Self-organising systems have been studied for quite some time by mathematicians, sociologists, physicists, economists, and computer scientists, but so far almost exclusively based on strongly simplified artificial models. Central aspects of Organic Computing systems have been and will be inspired by an analysis of information processing in biological systems.

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In addition, Awareness sponsored a best paper award related to self-aware autonomic systems at WIVACE 2012. The prize was a free place at the Awareness Summer School held in Edinburgh in June 2012 including all registration and accommodation costs. Providing this prize also helped to publicise the summer school, and the Awareness Coordination Action, to a wider audience, and several students attending WIVACE came to the summer school in Edinburgh. The Awareness Executive Committee considered all submissions for the best paper prize and three papers were shortlisted, as shown below. Yvonne Bernard from the Organic Computing Group at University of Hannover won and she attended the Awareness Summer School and subsequently attended other Awareness events collaborating with people she met. Best Paper Short List A bio-inspired learning signal for the cumulative learning of different skills Authors: Vieri G. Santucci, Gianluca Baldassarre, Marco Mirolli Abstract: Building artificial agents that present the characteristics, typical of biological organisms, of autonomously learn new skills and easily adapt in different and complex environments is an important claim for robotics and machine learning. We propose that providing artificial agents with a learning signal that resembles the characteristic of the phasic activations of dopaminergic neurons would be an advance in the development of more autonomous and versatile systems. In particular, we suggest that such a signal would be the proper one to improve the implementation of cumulative learning. To test our hypothesis we perform some experiments with a simulated robotic system that has to learn different skills to obtain rewards. We compare different versions of the system varying the composition of the learning signal and we show that only the system that implement our hypothesis is able to reach high performance in the task. Development of categorization abilities in evolving embodied agents : a study of internal representations with external social inputs Author: Francesco Pugliese Abstract: I have studied how embodied and situated agents perform tasks that require skills of categorization. The agents are built by an adaptation process. The task is to categorize different shapes of objects using sensory-motor and linguistic input. Results show that the autonomous agents are able to solve the categorization task by integrating the sensory-motor experienced states and employing “linguistic” input from the environment. This shows that autonomous agents are able to develop some “emerging” abilities by exploiting the information present in the environment in order to recognize and discriminate objects. Autonomous agents also exhibit a “social” behavior, because they are able to categorize the objects in the environment, even when external inputs are unavailable. The purpose of this work is to prove the theoretical hypothesis that the information (external labels), deriving from another agent or from the trainer, facilitates individual capacity to categorize, by the creation of internal representations. An Evolutionary Approach to Grid Computing Agents (WINNER) Authors: Yvonne Bernard, Lukas Klejnowski, David Bluhn, Jorg Hahner, Christian MullerSchloer Abstract: The Organic Computing initiative aims at introducing new, self-oganising algorithms in order to cope better with the complexity of nowaday’s systems. One approach to selforganisation is the introduction of agents which are able to continuously adapt their behaviour to changing environmental conditions and thus collectively create an efficient and robust system. In this paper, we introduce an evolutionary approach to an agent which autonomously acts in a Desktop Grid system. The evolutionary agent is defined by ten chromosomes defining its behaviour. If two agents interact, the inferior agent copies a part of the genes of the more successful agent. Therefore, the most successful gene combination will spread among the network.

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April 2012 : Edinburgh International Science Festival Talk The Edinburgh International Science Festival was set up in 1989 and is the world’s first celebration of science and technology, and still one of Europe’s largest. Over two weeks in the spring it brings together hundreds of talks, demos, displays, interactive events, engaging people of all ages and backgrounds with science in innovative ways and bringing science to life in a schools touring programme. This event is focused towards public dissemination rather than community building and demonstrates how WP1 and WP2 work handin-hand to promote research across different audiences. AWARE sponsored Alan Winfield, Director of the Science Communication Unit at the University of the West of England, Bristol in a session entitled “The Thinking Robot”, presented to an audience of approximately 250. The talk considered current state-of-the-art in robot intelligence, and whether we could design robots that are not only more intelligent but also have a sense of self. An interesting Cartoon Blog with talk highlights subsequently appeared (http:// radiocartoonist.blogspot.co.uk/2012/04/ edinburgh-science-festival-6-thinking.html) A video interview with Alan Winfield also appears at the Awareness website. ______________________________________ May 2012 : WiOpt 2012 The 10th International Symposium of Modeling and Optimization of Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks took place on 14-18 May in Paderborn, Germany, bringing together researchers and practitioners working on modeling and optimization of wireless network design and operations, and focusing on performance analysis and simulation, algorithms and protocol design, optimization theory and application, information theoretic analysis including capacity scaling, for all forms of wireless networks: cellular, metropolitan, ad hoc, delay-tolerant, mesh, sensor networks. Awareness sponsored travel costs for keynote speaker Jean-Pierre Hubaux from EPFL in Lausanne, whose talk was ‘On Location Privacy’. Audience numbers were approximately 50 participants and introduced Awareness to new international audiences. ‘On

Location Privacy’ by Jean-Pierre Hubaux from EPFL in Lausanne The more pervasive wireless networks become, the more our private location data get exposed. In this talk, we will describe some solutions to this problem, including mix zones and their application to vehicular networks. We will also address noncooperative behavior in privacy protection. Then we will show how location privacy can be quantified. We will also discuss why so much public research funding is devoted to the further improvement of (wireless) networks (in spite of the fact that manufacturers will take care of that anyhow) and so little to privacy protection (which is usually not a vendors’ priority).

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June 2012 : SEAMS The SEAMS symposium, on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems, is interested in systems with the ability to self-manage by adapting at run time to handle changing user needs, system intrusions or faults, a changing operational environment, and resource variability. Such systems need to configure and reconfigure, augment functionality, continually optimize, protect and recover, while keeping its complexity hidden from the user. This annual event was seen as very useful to the Awareness community, and participation is again planned for year 3. The seventh SEAMS edition was held in Zürich, Switzerland on 4-5 June 2012 and Awareness sponsored an invited talk by SAPERE coordinator Franco Zambonelli entitled “Reconciling Self-Adaptation with Self-Organization” presenting examples from the ASCENS project and the SAPERE project. His talk covered several challenges relevant to self-aware autonomic systems including: • How to integrate bottom-up self-organisation patterns into large-scale self-adaptive systems? • How to control by design the behavior of self-organising (sub) systems? His presentation slides are available at the Awareness website. Giacomo Cabri undertook a number of interviews for the research agenda at SEAMS. ___________________________________________________________________________________

June 2012 ACEC/WETICE The Adaptive Computing (and Agents) for Enhanced Collaboration (ACEC) track was held at the 21st IEEE International WETICE. The ACEC conference track has focused on research in agent-based computing, and those which leverage adaptive techniques that may not include all the attributes of first class software agents, especially with new adaptive techniques particularly collaborating with Adaptive and Agent-based Services and Adaptive Techniques for Organizational/Enterprise Use of Emerging Web Paradigms (Cloud, Crowd-sourcing, Mobile Apps). Giacomo Cabri co-chaired the ACEC track and saw a good opportunity to bring new audiences to the Awareness community. Taking place at the end of June in Toulouse, France, Awareness provided the WETICE conference with an invited plenary speaker, Jeremy Pitt , Imperial College London, whose topic was “The Logical Axiomatisation of Socio-Economic Principles for Self-Organising Electronic Institutions” In addition Awareness sponsored awards for the best paper and best student paper in the ACEC track relevant to self-awareness in autonomic systems. Best ACEC track paper award went to Nicola Capodieci from Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia for “A Contextaware Agent-based Approach for Deregulated Energy Market”

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Additionally, the best ACEC track *student* paper award went to Yi Wei from the University of Notre Dame, USA for “Agent-based Services Framework with Adaptive Monitoring in the Cloud Environments”. His prize was a free place at 2013 Awareness Summer School in Lucca, Italy in June 2013.

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Sept 2012 EPiCS workshop on Self-Awareness in Reconfigurable Computing Systems In attempt to work closer with projects funded by the Awareness Proactive Initiative, and to support their own dissemination activities, the Awareness Coordination Action offered to sponsor invited speakers for Awareness-related workshops organised by the projects. The EPiCS project ran the SRCS Workshop on Self-Awareness in Reconfigurable Computing Systems at the 2012 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL) in Oslo, Norway on 1 September 2012. The motivation for this workshop was the increasing relevance of reconfigurable hardware, such FPGAs, to embedded and high-performance applications. Being able to adapt functionality through dynamic reconfiguration is an inherent benefit of reconfigurable devices and over the past decade, significant progress has been made, however, there are still challenges on how to harness the benefits of reconfigurable technology for systems that automatically adapt to changing requirements or environments, and recent research has investigated several socalled self-* properties such as self-modifying, self-optimising or self-healing as a means to improve flexibility, performance or reliability of applications targeting reconfigurable hardware. Selfawareness extends this line of research and includes aspects such as reasoning, learning and intelligence to a run-time adaptive system. Awareness sponsored invited speaker Lamia Youseff (UC Santa Barbara, MIT) who is currently a cloud computing researcher at Google Seattle, and provided additional support for the workshop including the roundtable discussion. Peter Lewis (University of Birmingham, UK) from the EPiCS project provided “An Outlook for Self-Awareness in Computing Systems” and Marco.Santambrogio (Politecnico di Milano, Italy) gave a talk on “Enabling Technologies for Self-Aware Adaptive Computing Systems” drawing on experience from the EC-funded CHANGE project. Twelve papers were also presented and the workshop concluded with a round table discussion on research challenges for self-aware and context-aware systems (video at Awareness website).

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Lamia Youseff’s talk was entitled “Self-awareness and Adaptive Technologies: the Future of Operating Systems?” where she considered new more flexible alternatives in operating system design. Abstract: Given exponential scaling, it will not be long before chips with hundreds of cores are standard. Recent research, though, has demonstrated problems with scaling monolithic OS designs. Therefore, the primary question facing OS designers over the next ten years will be: What is the correct design of OS services that will scale up to hundreds or thousands of cores, and adapt to the unprecedented variability in demand of the system resources? A fundamental research challenge is to identify the characteristics of such a scalable OS service for next multicore and cloud computing chips. We argue that the OS services have to deploy elastic techniques to adapt to this variability at runtime. In this talk, we advocate for elastic OS service, illustrate their feasibility and effectiveness in meeting the variable demands through our system, dubbed {\em elastic fos} or ``{\em e-fos}'', which provides elastic technologies for OS services in the fos operating system. We furthermore showcase a prototype elastic file system service in {\em e-fos} and illustrate its effectiveness in meeting variable demands. The e-fos project is part of the Angstrom project, an MIT-led project whose goal is to rethink computing and create a fundamentally new computing architecture and systems to meet the challenges of extreme-scale computing.

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September 2012 : UKCI2012 UK : Workshop on Computational Intelligence A best paper award relevant to self-aware autonomic systems was offered at the 12th Annual Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI 2012) taking place at Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh on 5-7 September 2012 . The prize was a free place at the 2013 Summer School with registration and accommodation included, and the winning paper was awarded to Giovanni Iacca, from INCAS3 – Innovation Centre for Advanced Sensors and Sensor Systems, Assen, The Netherlands for his paper “Introducing DOWSN: Distributed Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks” Abstract Driven by a broad range of applications, the computational intelligence research community has recently put a growing interest on the emergent technology of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Due to their distributed structure, WSNs pose several technical challenges caused by local failures, network issues and severely constrained hardware resources. Nevertheless, the possibility to perform an online optimization within WSNs is appealing since it might lead the path to advanced network features like intelligent sensing, distributed modelling, self-optimizing protocols, anomaly detection, etc. just to name a few. In this paper we present DOWSN, a novel Distributed Optimization framework for WSNs. Based on an island model, DOWSN is characterized by a peer-to-peer infrastructure in which each node executes an optimization process and shares pieces of information, i.e. local achievements, with its neighbors. Preliminary experiments show that DOWSN is able to efficiently exploit the communication capabilities and the inherently parallel nature of WSNs, thus finding optimal solutions fast and reliably.

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September 2012 : Self-IoT The Self-Aware Internet of Things Workshop took place at ICAC 2012, the 9th International Conference on Autonomic Computing at San Jose, California With Awareness having its own workshop proposal rejected by ICAC in 2011, and with the 2012 edition of this conference taking place in the USA which would have proved costly for Europeans to participate along with other conferences taking place in the USA that year, a decision was taken to sponsor an invited talk at one of the ICAC workshops which seemed most relevant to the Awareness community. This helped develop relationships with a new set of researchers both in North America and Europe, as SelfIOT was organised jointly by four European projects, BUTLER, iCore, IoT.est, OUTSMART. This conference was one of the main four targeted as important for the Awareness community, and working with other European projects was seen as important for widening community building contacts. 45

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Awareness sponsored the workshop keynote talk by Joerg Denzinger, University of Calgary in Canada who spoke on â&#x20AC;&#x153;Testing cooperative autonomous systems for unwanted emergent behaviour and dangerous self-adaptationsâ&#x20AC;? and who also chaired the discussion panel afterwards. Testing cooperative autonomous systems for unwanted emergent behaviour and dangerous self-adaptations by Joerg Denzinger, University of Calgary Abstract: While self-organization and self-adaptation offer enormous advantages to the Internet of Things, they also come with the possibility of unwanted emergent behavior and adaptations that can be dangerous for such a distributed system. Even more, we will have to deal with attempts to manipulate such systems into these unwanted behaviors, either by criminals for economic gains or by activists to hurt or just inconvenience people. Therefore, testing of such systems both before deployment and also during their lifetime is important and requires concepts to find unwanted emergent behavior and dangerous adaptations, which conventional testing is not able to do well. Learning of event sequences that aims at forcing a tested system into revealing unwanted behavior is a promising concept to improve testing, especially for the Internet of Things. This is because the complexity of the learning is mostly determined by the length of the event sequence and the complexity of the tested system only plays a role when evaluating learned sequences. In this talk, we present the basic concept of testing by learning event sequences, discuss improvements and variants, and take a look at several applications, including surveillance networks and dynamic transportation systems. We also present an approach to integrate this testing method into the dynamic transportation system to make it aware of potential adaptations that may have a risk, so that too risky adaptations can be stopped. ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Sept 2012 : 2nd Awareness Workshop on Challenges for Achieving Self-awareness in Autonomic Systems Building on the first Awareness workshop held the previous year at the Self-Adaptive and SelfOrganizing Systems conference, Awareness organised a second one at SASO 2012 which took place in Lyon, France in September, alongside two other workshops, one run by SAPERE In addition to sponsoring invited speaker Marco Aiello from University of Groningen and an invited talk by Ichiro Satoh from the National Institute of Informatics, Japan, Awareness also ran another Doctoral Forum to provide advice and guidance students undertaking PhDs, making travel bursaries available. This was a joint WP1 and WP3 exercise. And as more fully reported in WP2, a Science CafĂŠ was also organised during SASO to provide a collaborative environment for research discussion.

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Marco Aiello’s gave a stimulating invited talk entitled “Are homes smart if they are aware? “ which provided useful discussion examples through out the rest of the day. Abstract: Pervasive computing environments such as our future homes are the prototypical example of dynamic and complex systems where the interaction with the user generates a large degree of uncertainty in the state of the environment. While a home equipped with heterogeneous devices, whose services and location constantly change, needs to behave as a coherent system supporting its inhabitants. I will present software architectures that enhance homes by making them smarter with the goal of supporting user's desires or saving energy. The discussion of the presented architectures will enable to draw some conclusions on the role of awareness in smart spaces. The examples illustrated are drawn from two EU projects: Smart Homes for All and Greener Buildings. The goal of the workshop was to identify key challenges involved in creating self-aware systems capable of autonomous management, and to consider methods by which these challenges could be addressed. The workshop specifically targeted an interdisciplinary community of researchers in the hope that collective expertise from a range of domains could be leveraged to drive forward research. Five papers were accepted for full presentation and a further three were accepted as posters. The workshop emphasised discussion and interaction from all participants. Figures showing total submissions and acceptance rates are presented in the table below. SASO 2012 Statistics Total Number of Submissions Papers accepted as full papers Papers accepted as work-in-progress Rejections

9 5 3 1

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Accepted papers at Awareness Workshop at SASO2012 Conceptual Map and Classification in Ensembles of Autonomic Components: from Awareness to Organization by Nicola Capodieci, Giacomo Cabri Towards Simulating Architectural Patterns for Self-Aware and Self-Adaptive Systems by Dhaminda B. Abeywickrama, Franco Zambonell, Nicklas Hoch MICE: Monitoring and modelIng the Context Evolution by Luca Berardinelli, Antinisca Di Marco, Flavia Di Paolo, Luca Berardinelli, Antinisca Di Marco, Flavia Di Paolo Meet the Meter: Visualising SmartGrids using Self-Organising Electronic Institutions and Serious Games by Aikaterini Bourazeri, Jeremy Pitt, Pablo Almajano, Inmaculada Rodr riguez, Maite Lopez-Sanchez SmartContent: A self-protecting and context-aware active content by Akla-Esso Tchao, Giovanna Di Marzo Serugendo Market-awareness in Service-based Systems by Romina Torres, Nelly Bencomo, Hernan Astudillo A Tripartite Analytic Framework for Characterising Awareness and Self-Awareness in Autonomic Systems Research by Julia Schaumeier, Jeremy Pitt, Giacomo Cabri Enduring Institutions and Self-Organising Trust-Adaptive Systems for an Open Grid Computing Infrastructure by Yvonne Bernard, Lukas Klejnowski, Christian Muller-Schloer, Jeremy Pitt, Julia Schaumeier

The PhD Doctoral Forum at the Awareness Workshop at SASO provided the means for students at different stages of their PhD to present their work and receive feedback from experts and the audience. Jeremy Pitt gave succinct tutorial with advice for PhD students and chaired a discussion panel which also included Marco Aiello, Ichiro Satoy and Giacomo Cabri. This event is more fully reported in WP3, and signifies good collaboration between WPLs. Awareness Science Cafe: Since the Awareness workshop was run in parallel with two other SASO workshops (Evaluation of Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems and Adaptive Service Ecosystems: Nature and Socially Inspired Solutions) with many SAPERE project members present, this provided an opportunity to hold a useful discussion intersection at the end of the day, and Awareness hosted a Science CafĂŠ, inviting all workshop participants to join in. A series of opening challenges were offered to the audience of approximately 60 participants, with a video of discussion highlights at the website. WP1 and WP2 worked closely together with WP4, since the Science Cafe provided excellent opportunities to gather material relevant to WP4 research agenda. 48

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June 2013 : A workshop entitled “From Cognitive Activity to Artificial Self Awareness” was held in Florence on 18 June 2013 to help disseminate some of the findings from the RECOGNITION project. The emphasis was on cognitive science, social psychology, socio-physics, and computer science, since the target of the RECOGNITION project has been the development of a cognitive inspired model to equip the self awareness at the level of the ICT systems. The workshop was partly sponsored by the Awareness Coordination Action, and was organized by Franco Bagnoli and Andrea Guazzini from Centre for the Study of Complex Dynamics (CSDC) at the University of Florence. Three invited speakers gave significant dimension to the workshop discussion: Awareness sponsored key note speaker Steven Sloman from Brown University (USA), who is a computationally-oriented cognitive psychologist considering how people think, particularly how people reason causally about the world. He presented Causal Bayesian Networks as a framework for modeling human judgment, showing many useful examples. A video interview of him with RECOGNITION coordinator Roger Whitaker is available at the Awareness website.

Guillaume Deffuant from IRSTEA (France) models complex systems, assessing properties such as viability and resilience. He proposed an opinion dynamic model to combine the processes of vanity and opinion propagation, in a talk that explained some of the mechanisms behind emergent behaviours relative to individual perceptions of highly valued individuals.

Josè Javier Ramasco from the University of the Balearic Islands (Spain) is a researcher at the Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems, and is interested in how influence among individuals is at the core of emergent social phenomena. He proposed an opinion dynamics model where individuals’ mobility provides a proxy for social content and where peer imitation accounts for social influence.

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Additional presentations gave a useful summary of work undertaken by RECOGNITION partners, including a summary overview of the RECOGNITION project provided by Coordinator Roger Whitaker from Cardiff University (UK). Other talks included: •

Computational models in psychology: a tripartite model of cognition for dual process theory, by Giorgio Gronchi, University of Florence & CSDC (Italy)

•

Influential Neighbours Selection for Information Diffusion, by Eiko Yoneki, University of Cambridge (UK)

•

Cognitive Heuristics for Data and Knowledge Dissemination in Opportunistic Networks, by Matteo Mordacchini, Institute of Informatics and Telematics, CNR (Italy)

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The Human Layer in Decision-Making in Networked Environments, by Evangelia Kokolaki, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (Greece)

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Human Virtual Interactions: the Small Group Dynamics, by Alessandro Cini, University of Florence & CSDC (Italy)

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Revealing the structure of complex networks by cognitive-inspired information processing algorithm, by Emanuele Massaro, University of Florence & CSDC (Italy)

•

The personality of places by Stuart M Allen, Cardiff University (UK)ence.

A Round Table Discussion entitled From Cognitive Activity to Artificial Self Awareness: open challenges and new insights was moderated by Franco Bagnoli welcomed questions and discussion from the audience of approximately 50 persons.

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Sept 2013 : The second EPiCS workshop on Reconfigurable Computing Systems (SRCS’13) was held on 5 Sept in Porto in conjunction with the 2013 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL). Awareness sponsored invited speaker Mike Hinchey from the Irish Software Engineering Research Centre (LERO) at the University of Limerick, who was previously Director of the NASA Software Engineering Laboratory at Goddard Space Flight Center and continues to serve as a NASA expert consultant. He is editor-in-chief of Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering: a NASA Journal (Springer) and he gave a talk on “Building Intelligent Space Exploration Missions” TALK abstract: NASA’s new age of space exploration augurs great promise for deep space exploration missions whereby spacecraft should be independent, autonomous, and smart. Nowadays NASA increasingly relies on the concepts of autonomic computing, exploiting these to increase the survivability of remote missions, particularly when human tending is not feasible. Autonomic computing has been recognized as a promising approach to the development of self-managing spacecraft systems that employ onboard intelligence and rely less on control links. We describe our work on developing self-management concepts inspired by biological concepts and formally specifying these with particular reference to a NASA concept exploration mission.

In future space missions, thousands of tiny spacecraft will cooperate to explore the solar system. Providing the required autonomy will take systems and software where no one has gone before. Walt Truszkowski, Mike Hinchey, James Rash, and Christopher Rouff

NASA’s Swarm Missions:

The Challenge of Building Autonomous Software

he days of watching a massive manned cylinder thrust spectacularly off a platform into space might rapidly become ancient history when the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) introduces its new millenium mission class. Motivated by the need to gather more data than is possible with a single spacecraft, scientists have developed a new class of missions based on the efficiency and cooperative nature of a hive culture. The missions, aptly dubbed nanoswarm will be little more than mechanized colonies cooperating in their exploration of the solar system. Each swarm mission can have hundreds or even thousands of cooperating intelligent spacecraft that work in teams.The spacecraft must operate independently for long periods both in teams and individually, as well as have autonomic properties— self-healing, -configuring, -optimizing, and -protecting—to survive the harsh space environment. One swarm mission under concept development for 2020 to 2030 is the Autonomous Nano Technology Swarm (ANTS), in which a thousand picospacecraft, each weighing less than three pounds, Resources will work cooperatively to exExtending ANTS plore the asteroid belt. Some Technology Use spacecraft will form teams to catalog asteroid properties, such

Inside

as mass, density, morphology, and chemical composition, using their respective miniature scientific instruments. Others will communicate with the data gatherers and send updates to mission elements on Earth. For software and systems development, this is uncharted territory that calls for revolutionary techniques.

INSIDE A SWARM Figure 1 gives an ANTS overview. A transport spacecraft launched from Earth toward the asteroid belt will carry a laboratory that will assemble the tiny spacecraft. Once it reaches a certain point in space where gravity forces are balanced, the transport will release the assembled swarm, which will head for the asteroid belt.As Figure 2 shows, each spacecraft has a solar sail, which lets it rely primarily on power from the sun, using only tiny thrusters to navigate independently. Each spacecraft also has onboard computation, artificial intelligence, and heuristics systems for control at the individual and team levels. Spacecraft use low bandwidth to communicate within the swarm and high bandwidth for data transfer back to Earth. As both Figures 1 and 2 show, teams consist of spacecraft from three classes of spacecraft within the swarm, and members in each class combine in certain ways to form teams that explore particular asteroids. Workers, up to 80 percent of the

Published by the IEEE Computer Society

September ❘ October 2004 IT Pro

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Sept 2013: The third Awareness workshop on Challenges for Achieving Self-Awareness in Autonomic Systems took place at the IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organising Systems (SASO) on 13 September 2013 at Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA. Programme Chairs were Emma Hart Jeremy Pitt and Giacomo Cabri, in conjunction with the Awareness projects. SASO 2013 Statistics Total Number of Submissions

Papers accepted as full papers

This built on relationships developed from previous SASO workshops and it was decided to use the workshop to emphasise discussion and interaction. Short presentations of accepted papers addressed some key concepts for the theory, design and implementation of SASO systems, and this was followed by three panel sessions to discuss ideas emerging from the talks so as to engage more fully the audience of 30. Design

Designing Self-Aware Adaptive Systems: from Autonomic Computing to Cognitive Immune Networks Nicola Capodieci, Emma Hart, Giacomo Cabri

A Modelling and Simulation Environment for Self-aware and Self-expressive Systems by Tatiana Djaba Nya, Stephan Stilkerich, Peter Lewis A Life Cycle for the Development of Autonomic Systems: The e-Mobility Showcase by Tomas Bures, Rocco De Nicola, Ilias Gerostathopoulos, Nicklas Hoch, Michal Kit, Nora Koch, Giacoma Valentina Monreale, Ugo Montanari, Rosario Pugliese, Nikola Serbedzija, Martin Wirsing, Franco Zambonelli (presented by Philip Mayer)

Open Systems

Parking assisting applications: effectiveness and side-issues in managing public goods by Evangelia Kokolaki, Evangelia, Merkourios Karaliopoulos, Ioannis Stavrakakis Partial Scalability to Ensure Reliable Dynamic Reconfiguration by Mohammad Ghafari, Abbas Heydarnoori The Autonomic Cloud: A Vision of Voluntary, Peer-2-Peer Cloud Computing by Philip Mayer, Annabelle Klarl, Rolf Hennicker, Mariachiara Puviani, Francesco Tiezzi, Rosario Pugliese, Jaroslav Keznikl, Tomas Bures

Synchronisation, Space and Reflection

The Challenge of Decentralised Synchronisation in Interactive Music Systems by Kristian Nymoen, Arjun Chandra, Jim Torresen Reasoning and Reflection in the Game of Nomic: Self-Organising Self-Aware Agents with Mutable Rule-Sets by Stuart Holland, Jeremy Pitt, Dave Sanderson, Dídac Busquets A Novel Spatial Property Aware Multihop Communication Solution for Autonomous Mobile Networks by András Kőkuti, Vilmos Simon, Bernát Wiandt

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An additional workshop activity was run to discuss some important research challenges for self-aware autonomic systems. As shown in more detail in WP4, Awareness has compiled a list of 101 Research Challenges and invited the research community to suggest key research questions. These 101 challenges were reviewed during the workshop in a team activity, with discussion refining down to those considered as most relevant which were then discussed in more detail: How can distributed systems with no central controller become collectively self-aware, rather than at individual node level? How to combine computer science with social science How to engineer the system to produce the correct emergent behavior? Letting different systems inter-operate and collaborate Considering sociological aspects besides technical aspects How to manage the relationship between individual and group levels Addressing real problems by means of exemplars How to measure adaptiveness At SASO 2013, Awareness also sponsored a panel discussion on the social implications of SASO systems and technologies considering the impact when adaptive systems are reasoning about qualitative â&#x20AC;&#x153;humanâ&#x20AC;? matters. More details in WP2.

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Other events: Multi-lateral events:

As reported in Task 1.6, two additional mini-workshops were run during year three on specific subjects as multi-lateral research exchanges. Awareness sponsored a Workshop on Computational Awareness and Active Participation in Autonomic Power Grids in November 2012, bringing together ten researchers from Imperial College London, University of Barcelona, IIIA – CSIC (Barcelona) and the University of Strathclyde participating. The aim of this workshop was to address fundamental issues in the application of computational awareness to the visualisation of complex domain data according to the roles occupied by the user and subject to principles of common resource management. The target application is autonomic power grids, with the specific aim of leveraging demand-side management to increase consumer participation and enhance user engagement to promote sustainability. The topic of “Self-Aware Prospectives in the Design of Novel Computing Systems” was the focus of a bilateral research workshop between the CARBON group at MIT (USA) and the DRESD/CHANGE group from the Politecnico di Milano (ITALY). Sponsored in part by the Awareness Coordination Action, it was held at MIT in Cambridge, Boston in May 2013 and included approximately 30 persons. The aim of this international exchange was to explore some hardware strengths presented by the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence laboratory (CSAIL) at MIT led by Professor Srini Devadas of the Computation Structures Group and some innovative software technologies presented by the 16 persons attending from the Politecnico di Milano led by Professor Marco Santambrogio.

Promotional events: In addition to sponsoring workshops, invited speakers, best paper awards, the Awareness Coordination Action undertook publicity talks and promotion at various events, and participated in Awarness project meetings. The most notable of the promotions took place at : June 2011 at the Self-awareness in computing workshop held at the University of Birmingham in June 2011 along in conjunction with the EPiCS and SYMBRION projects, helping to define self-awareness with project colleagues.

March 2012 at AINA A session on “Context Aware Middleware for Ubiquitous Computing Environments” as held at the 26th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA-2012) at the Fukuoka Institute of Technology (FIT), Japan, attended by WP4 leader, Giacomo Cabri, who used the opportunity to undertake interviews for the AWARE research agenda, to promote Awareness newsletters and flyers and to extend community building activities in the Far East.

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This was followed up at AINA 2013, the 27th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications held in Barcelona in March 2013. It built on international contacts made at the 2012 edition in Japan. WP1 and WP4 worked closely together to gather material for the Awareness Research Agenda. Two conference sessions and a workshop were specifically targeted: “Agents and Intelligent Computing”; “Scalable, Intelligent, and Autonomic Computing”; and the First International Workshop on Informatics for Intelligent Context-Aware Enterprise Systems.

The PRIMA conference was the 15th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Multi-Agent Systems which took place in Kuching, Malaysia in September 2012 where Jeremy Pitt discussed self-awareness topics and promoted Coordination Action activities.

Giacomo Cabri presented a talk and explained some work undertaken by the ASCENS project at CEA 2013, the 7th International Conference on Computer Engineering And Applications in Milan, Italy in January 2013 and also promoted Awareness activities. “Trust-worthy Self-Organising Systems” was the theme for the first spring school of the Organic Computing Project, which Awareness helped to promote. This event took place at the University of Augsburg, Germany in April 2013 and the topics covered: • • • • •

Self-organisation and autonomy in mission-critical systems, especially power management systems Trust in open heterogeneous multi-agent systems Social constructs in self-organising and autonomous systems Trust as a measure of uncertainty Trust and reputation management in self-organising environments

Following year 2‘s involvement in ACEC, the conference track on Adaptive Computing (and Agents) for Enhanced Collaboration at WETICE, the IEEE International conference on stateof-the-art research in e n a b l i n g technologies for collaboration, Awareness research was again promoted in year 3 in June 2013 when ACEC/WETICE took place at Hammamet, Tunisia. Building contacts through continuous participation in relevant events was thought to benefit community building.

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Supporting Awareness projects which were running their own workshops was also considered a way to help promote Awareness-related research, as it simply was not feasible to be involved in all events. The sharing of ideas at different workshops helps develop networking potential for researchers. In addition to the RECOGNITION workshop in Florence already mentioned, Awareness promoted another RECOGNITION project workshop on Collective Social Awareness and Relevance organised in Karlsruhe, Germany in September 2013. It was held held in conjunction with the Third International Conference on Social Computing and its Applications, and the Third International Conference on Cloud and Green Computing. This RECOGNITION workshop focused on collective awareness in pervasive ICT systems, which can be applied to harness human cognitive functionality and social relationships to provide relevant and timely content and computation to the user. To achieve collective awareness requires a deep understanding of our dynamic social relationships and communities, mechanisms to ensure privacy and participation within such networks, and a thorough understanding of the local conditions and individual characteristics to give local context surrounding awareness.

The EPiCS project ran a student video contest to explain self-awareness and Awareness helped promote this challenge which offered cash prizes for the top videos which would be displayed at the Awareness website. Unfortunately take up has been poor and the submission deadline was extended.

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Other events which did not materialise Despite efforts to organise a range of suitable events for the Awareness community, some events never got off the ground, for a variety of reasons. In the third year these included : ICAS 2013 in Lisbon in March 2013 : Having solicited advice from a range of people in the Awareness community, there were concerns that this event might not be of high enough quality to run a workshop as originally planned. Dana Centre in London in May 2013 : This was planned as a public engagement event at the London Science Museum as a joint activity between WP1 and WP2 and involving participation by the Awareness projects and linking it to the Computer After Me documentary and book. The Dana Centre programme was curtailed due to funding cutbacks and the Awareness proposal was not selected. SEAMS 2013 in San Francisco in May 2013 : To follow on from involvement in SEAMS 2012, Awareness planned to sponsor a Best Paper award but with difficulties making suitable arrangements with the conference organisers and with a time conflict with the workshop taking place at MIT at the same time, it was decided to reuse the resources to better effect elsewhere. IEEE context aware workshop in Budapest in June 2013 held at the IEEE International Conference on Communications : Awareness offered to sponsor an invited speaker for the workshop, but it ended up being cancelled due to low submissions The Self-aware Internet of Things 2013 (Self-IoT) at ICAC2013 in San Jose in June 2013 was approached to sponsor a best paper award following up Awareness hosting the invited speaker at their 2012 workshop. However in 2013 they became a track in the main conference and were no longer an autonomous workshop, and said therefore they were unable to separate out a best paper award for their track only. MOSPAS 2013 was the IEEE International Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Peer-to-Peer and Autonomic Systems held in July 2013 in Helsinki, where ASCENS were involved and Awareness offered to sponsor a invited speaker. In the end, their full programme did not allow for this. The British Science Festival in Newcastle in September 2013 planned to include an exhibition and demonstrations of COCOROâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s underwater robots suitable for families as well as adults. The plans also included a festival talk and planning was at a fairly advanced stage when health and safety concerns for the water pool at the venue led to the Festival cancelling the exhibition. A plan B was hastily arranged for the Awareness workshop at SASO involving video demos to accompany a talk, but Thomas Schmickl and colleagues were unable to make the dates due to conflict with other events.

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T1.5 To convene an annual exchange event involving all AWARE-funded projects, with the intention to share research results, contributing to roadmapping objectives of WP4. An Awareness Inter-project workshop took place in Bologna, Italy in January 2012 hosted by SAPERE and co-organised with Franco Zambonelli and Andrea Omicini and attended by 36 participants with all Awareness projects present including ‘adopted’ projects COCORO and SYMBION. In addition to introducing the projects’ work to each other, a common discussion theme had been pre-announced (following consultation with the projects for a suitable topic) and group discussions were held over the course of two days. The general theme was "How can we have confidence that systems which are self-aware and adapt according to their beliefs actually do what expect them to ?" Workshop presentations and discussion focussed on methods and metrics for 'measuring' confidence in self-aware systems, with project members sharing experiences. The rationale for the topic was to look at a higher level (beyond evaluation criteria defined for each individual project) at how the usefulness and reliability of self-aware systems can be evaluated. Each project described the evaluation criteria relevant to their projects, and the difficulties they had encountered measuring confidence and reliability in their self-aware systems. Invited speaker Alois Ferscha from the Institute for Pervasive Computing, Johannes Kepler University of Linz gave a talk on “From awareness to adaptation: large scale recognition and opportunistic configuration” (slides of all talks are available at the Awareness website). The main focus of the workshop was inter-project discussion, with participants breaking into small groups to : • •

Identify the main challenges relating to measuring confidence in self-aware systems Identify solutions to the challenges raised

On the second day, attention was focused on developing a new Wikipedia entry on SelfAwareness and Autonomic Computing, with participants again breaking into groups to discuss.

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Evaluation of Workshop Feedback was collected and is summarised below: Strengths: • The event was informative from the perspective of learning about the other projects • The meeting provided good opportunity for meeting people • It was helpful to build up a picture of overlapping concerns between projects. • Discussions with people from different backgrounds was very useful. They lead to a better understanding of the way in which people with other specialities and research interests think about awareness, and they provide some perspective about the breadth of our research area. Weaknesses: • The discussion sessions were rushed and were too broad in scope • The discussion groups on day 1 were perhaps too large to engage everybody fully.

In year 3 projects were consulted on whether to hold another inter-project workshop but feedback suggested that smaller group discussions would be more beneficial to them. The Coordination Action was also asked to help them coordinate their own topic-specific workshops or sponsor invited speakers and this was seen as a more productive use of resources. The Awareness projects have responded well to activities and as shown in the chart below, all have fully engaged with the coordination action.

T1.6 To encourage greater international research cooperation by offering travel bursaries to young researchers and inviting key international experts to AWARE events. Travel bursaries Awareness provided travel bursaries for a number of PhD students attending the PhD Doctoral Forums (at Bionetics in December 2011 and SASO in September 2012). In addition the best paper awards given at several Awareness events over the year were translated into travel bursaries or free places at the Awareness summer schools. Awareness also supported a number of PhD students in research exchanges and to attend the multi-lateral workshops as decribed below. It is recognised that students have great difficulty finding the financial means to travel to workshops or to visit research centres, and attempts have been made to support these early career researchers while their ideas are fresh and their desire for collaboration is keen.

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Research Exchanges Awareness has also sponsored a research exchange programme, making match funding available for visiting researchers with the emphasis on new collaboration. Significant effort was made to promote these research exchanges (via fliers, newsletters, at events, via the website) and the uptake was moderately slow, surprising to the coordination action. However those research visits which did take place were productive and summary reports were supplied and are available at the Awareness website. Analysis of Research Exchanges Ten research exchanges were carried out from the 19 enquiries received. Several accepted proposals had to be cancelled due to planning or logistical problems, and two applications were out of scope. Two exchanges involved American universities, and one brought a Brazilian to Europe, and another took an EPiCS project member to Korea.

Partner 1 Vienna University of Austria Technology National Centre for Scientific Greece Research (NCSR) Delft University of Technology Netherlands Politecnico di Milano Italy University of Florence Italy University of Birmingham UK Imperial College London UK PUC Rio De Janeiro Brazil University of Strathclyde, UK Imperial College London MIT USA Cancelled: INRIA Universiti Utara

France Malaysia

Partner 2 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Imperial College London

Germany

ETH Zürich Drexel University Universitaet Augsburg Politecnico di Milano Chosun University Gwangju Fraunhofer FOKUS University of Barcelona

Switzerland USA Germany Italy Korea Germany Spain

Politecnico di Milano

Italy

VUA Université Genève

Netherlands Switzerland

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The pie-chart below shows how these research visits were distributed geographically, though the small numbers make percentages less relevant. Nevertheless, 40% of the total research exchanges involved visits to and from outside Europe.

! "#$%&'&((!)&(&$%*+!,-*+$'.&(! ! Europe-Asia 10%

Europe-Brazil 10%

Europe-USA 20%

Inter-Europe 60%

The collaboration resulting from these exchanges has proved productive and details of the research visits are described below. Ivan Brešković from the Distributed Systems Group at the Vienna University of Technology visited colleagues at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in August 2011 to consider selfawareness in electronic markets, in the field of Cloud Economics. The collaboration looked at how mechanisms can help give markets the ability to monitor performance and autonomically create decisions and actions based on the monitored data in order to achieve several goals, such as: Maximisation of the provider profit Maximisation of the consumer utility Maximisation of the percentage of allocated jobs relative to number of jobs submitted to the market • Maximisation of the market profit • Maximisation of the market liquidity • Maximisation of the number of market participants • • •

The research exchange led to a joint publication on work resulting from the research visit: Towards Self-Awareness in Cloud Markets: A Monitoring Methodology by Ivan Breskovic, Christian Haas, Simon Caton, Ivona Brandic at the 9th IEEE International Conference on Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing (DASC 2011), December 12-14, 2011, Sydney, Australia

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Alexander Artikis from the National Centre for Scientific Research, Greece was sponsored by AWARE for a research exchange at Imperial College London in January 2012 looking at resource constraints from the perspective of self-governing institutions. Discussions considered how an institution-based approach to the problem of dynamic resource allocation in an open, embedded and resource-constrained system is feasible, and has particular advantages when long-term endurance and fairness of the distribution mechanism is more important than short term "optimality". Working with researchers at Imperial College London provided an opportunity to extend research horizons, especially developing Ostrom's work on agent-based software engineering and also related research in agent-based modelling, leading to the conclusion that a wide number of parameters should be considered when developing experiments to test the emergent property of endurance. Andrei Pruteanu, a PhD student at Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands visited ETH Zürich in May 2012 with a reciprocal visit by Manuel Kretzer, Chair for CAAD at ETH in Switzerland later the same year. They were interested in networked embedded systems capable of automatic configuration since there is a need for complex engineering solutions to support various design ideas and help the design process iterate rapidly from ideas to practical realization. The Awareness project facilitated the start of a collaboration that resulted in complex interactive design installations that make use of distributed algorithms to achieve a high‐level of autonomy and complex user‐interaction. Students from ETH Zurich and TU Delft created an interactive installation entitled “Phototropia” which merges self‐made electro‐active polymers, screen‐printed electroluminescent displays, eco‐friendly bioplastics and thin‐film dye‐sensitized solar cells into an autonomous installation that produces all its required energy from sunlight and responds to user presence through moving and illuminating elements. The generated energy is stored in batteries below the platform and then distributed via microcontrollers to the respective elements. Daniel Dubois, a student from Politecnico di Milano went to Drexel University in Philadelphia, USA in October 2012 to visit Peppo Valetto for discussion of the integration of self* methods and models in the software development process especially in relation to cloud computing infrastructure which should be self-aware of individual cloud resources. They combined the competencies of Politecnico di Milano and Drexel University, using ideas on decentralized cloud auto-scaling (DEPAS) and self-organizing load- balancing previously developed at Politecnico di Milano with a bio- inspired approach for link reconfiguration developed at Drexel University (Myconet). They concluded that self-awareness capabilities of a system should be based on a collaborative monitoring and decision-making activity that will support the following decisions: • Resources interconnection: logical links among the resources will be decided and modified at runtime to keep the resources connected and optimize the flow of the requests. • Application auto-scaling: if an application is overloaded, it should be replicated to either another free cloud resource or replace an existing application that is underloaded. • Load balancing: the requests sent to an application should be balanced among all the replicas of such application. 62

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In an exchange between the RECOGNITION and ORGANIC COMPUTING projects, Andrea Guazzini, from the Department of Psychology, University of Florence met members of the Organic Computing group, initially at an Awareness Summer School in June 2012, and then in November 2012 visited Jörg Hähner and Stefan Rudolph of the Organic Computing group from Augsburg University. Their collaboration included developing possible scenarios for cognitive architecture developed by the RECOGNITION project and Organic Computing research including Self-aware traffic lights and Cognitive Routing Protocols/ONC. The exchange resulted in two papers accepted at international conferences: “A cognitive-inspired model for self-organizing networks” by Daniel Borkmann, Andrea Guazzini, Emanuele Massaro, Stefan Rudolph at the First International Workshop on Adaptive Service Ecosystems: Nature and Socially Inspired Solutions, at SASO 2012, 6th IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organising Systems, Lyon September 2012 “Risk Perception in Epidemic Modeling in Networks with Community Structure” by Franco Bagnoli, Daniel Borkmann, Andrea Guazzini, Emanuele Massaro, Stefan Rudolph at BIONETICS 2012, 7th International Conference on BioInspired Models of Network Information, and Computing Systems, Lugano, December 2012 Peter Lewis from the University of Birmingham, a partner in the EPiCS project, visited Marco Santambrogio at the NECST Lab, Politecnico di Milano in February 2013 to pursue discussions arising from a previous encounter at the First International Workshop on SelfAwareness in Reconfigurable Systems held in Oslo in 2012, which was part-sponsored by the AWARE project. Peter Lewis’ work in the EPiCS project has been primarily concerned with developing concepts and foundations for computational self-awareness whereas Marco Santambrogio’s work deals with enabling technologies for building self-aware multi-core computing systems, such as SEEC and the Metronome framework and application heartbeats. His research focuses on building a Self-Aware Reconfigurable Computing System. Several areas for novel collaboration were identified including: •Relationship between computational self-awareness and context awareness: •Relationship between computational self-awareness and control theory: •Meta-self-aware algorithm selection for self-adaptive fault tolerance

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Tobias Becker from Imperial College London, a member of the EPiCS project, was invited to participate in collaborative discussions with Jeong-A Lee of the Computer Systems Lab, Chosun University at Gwangju in Korea in June 2013. The research visit included a workshop to consider modelling and validation of perceptive self-aware systems with autonomous reconfiguration. The Chosen University team has considerable experience in reconfigurable fault-tolerant computing and wanted to explore the options for utilizing these skills in application specific self-aware systems. Moreover, they were keen to seek international interaction with Awareness members in: •Development of a novel reconfigurable model for analyzing the requirements for an autonomous and reliable self-aware system •Determination of system-level decision mechanisms for reconfigurable and adaptive self-aware systems •Design of fault-tolerance models and mechanisms for providing system-level and routing support for achieving reliable self-awareness in the presence of temporary and permanent system errors •Development of self-aware systems that perform optimally in resource constrained environments

Marcus Endler from Pontificial Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio) in Brazil took part in the Awareness research exchange with Nikola Serbedzija at Fraunhofer FOKUS in Berlin, Germany, a partner in the ASCENS project during in September 2013. The purpose of the visit was to consider future collaboration in the areas of context awareness and self-adaptive systems, with particular interest in •

Service Component Ensemble Language (SCEL), as it provides a formal framework for expressing and reasoning about such types of self‐adaptive systems,

•

Self‐aware and self‐adaptive distributed systems, where analysis of the behavior of individual entities, as well as of the system as a whole, is essential for improving efficiency, safety or reliability of such autonomic systems,

•

Software tools and middleware that support the development of such distributed and complex systems, including support for sensor data aggregation and interpretation, reliable mobile communication and coordination, as well as support for parallel data mining.

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Multi-lateral exchanges or mini-workshops Following a slow take-up of travel funding for research exchanges in the first years, the Awareness coordination action implemented a reallocation of resources to fund “miniworkshops” in year 3, as reported at the last review. These were more focused bilateral or trilateral research exchanges and two were run successfully, during year 3, the first at Imperial College London and the second at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusettes. A Workshop on Computational Awareness and Active Participation in Autonomic Power Grids brought together ten researchers from Imperial College London, University of Barcelona, and the University of Strathclyde. The aim was to address fundamental issues in the application of computational awareness to the visualisation of complex domain data, according to the roles occupied by the user and subject to principles of common resource management. The target application was autonomic power grids, with the specific aim of leveraging demandside management to increase consumer participation and enhance user engagement to promote sustainability. As well as offering some innovative insight into the application of computational awareness to active participation in SmartGrids, the workshop has consolidated and clarified research plans for several PhD students, and identified several pairwise opportunities for joint research, as well as a strategic vision which unifies the work of all three workshop partners. Imperial College London hosted this Awareness workshop in November 2012 and it was attended by Ivana Kockar, Makis Karamanlis and Han Xu from the University of Strathclyde; Maite Lopez-Sanchez, Inma Rodriguez Santiago and Pablo Almajano from IIIA – CSIC (Barcelona); and Didac Busquets, Katerina Bourazeri, Patricio Petruzzi and Jeremy Pitt from Imperial College. Five PhD students and five ‘senior’ researchers were represented. The workshop was organised around five main discussion sessions, with a summary of research presented and a set of ‘concerns’ to provide a discussion focal point. These were particularly successful in clarifying the problems, generating potential innovative solutions, and facilitating knowledge exchange. This latter is crucial to inter-disciplinary research as the different group expertise (in power systems, multi-agent systems, and visualisation) was converged with synergistic effect. Discussion highlighted a number of aspects of how computational awareness could be used to enhance active participation. This included: • how multi-agent systems, in general, and self-organising electronic institutions in

particular, could use (self-)awareness in self-* network operation and control, marketbased aggregation and the interface between distribution and demand-side management and underpin innovative interface development for active participation; • how “awareness assistants”, as embedded, embodied autonomous components in a

serious game, could channel power system data to help and guide users in visualisation, action-selection, and understanding the joint and several effects of their personal and collective behaviour. Furthermore several ethical issues were exposed in relation to privacy, fairness and sustainability; • how computational awareness could stabilise the adaptive behaviours of different types

of interacting, inter-dependent resource provision and appropriation systems; • how agent-based modeling techniques could be used to address new issues that are

arising with the introduction of intelligent and autonomic power system, such as dynamic “look ahead” operation decisions, stochastic active demand response or distributed autonomic control. Together with visualization techniques that are used for user-friendly interfaces and serious games they can facilitate interaction between technical aspects of system operation and responses of general population to encourage active participation; 65

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• how Normative Virtual Worlds can be used to enhance user participation in Smart grids.

On one hand, Virtual Worlds provide an immersive environment where the user can interact with other users and the environment in an intuitive way. On the other hand, adding regulations allows to structure and enforces such interactions. Thus, we can model an institution as a Normative Virtual World which follows and represents Ostrom’s principles to guarantee a long endurance. Moreover, users become aware of the institutional state. The topic of “Self-Aware Prospectives in the Design of Novel Computing Systems” was the focus of a bilateral research exchange between the CARBON group at MIT (USA) and the DRESD/CHANGE group from the Politecnico di Milano (ITALY). It was sponsored in part by the Awareness Coordination Action and was held at MIT in Cambridge, Boston in May 2013. The aim of this international research exchange was to explore some hardware strengths presented by the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence laboratory (CSAIL) at MIT led by Professor Srini Devadas of the Computation Structures Group and some innovative software technologies presented by the 16 persons attending from the Politecnico di Milano led by Professor Marco Santambrogio. Awareness supported the travel costs of seven PhD students who presented their work to MIT colleagues. The visit allowed for collaboration on different topics, including a group of individuals from PoliMi working closely with Dr Jason Miller and colleagues on Graphite, a novel distributed parallel simulator for multicore architecture. Professor Marco Santambrogio presented some reconfigurable computing aspects from the DRESD project and described adaptive operating systems from the CHANGE project, and a series of other relevant topics were covered as the idea was to explore different constituent parts that can work together in self-aware systems. Approximately 25 staff and students spent time together over the week culminating in a two-day workshop to present their ideas.

Srini Devadas (MIT), Marco Santambrogio (Politecnico di Milano), Jason Miller (MIT)

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Radio interview (in Italian) at http://www.rumoreweb.it/index.php? option=com_content&view=article&id=1544:gr-giornale-radiopodcast-2012&catid=56:programmi&Itemid=286

Several other research exchange applications were accepted but did not proceed due to planning and logistical reasons, including two on security technologies from the Austrian Institute of Technology; one between INRIA & VUA considering environment-driven self-adaptive distributed algorithms to enable population survival of independent robotic units; one from an expert in networking based in Israeli; and three related to the SAPERE project including one from Malaysia, which fell through at the last minute for Adib M. Monzer Habbal from InterNetWorks Research Lab, Universiti Utara in Malaysia hoping to visit Giovanna Di Marzo Serugendo, and Jose Luis Fernandez from UniversitĂŠ GenĂ¨ve in Switzerland in August 2013 to learn more about applying bio-inspired self-organizing mechanisms to opportunistic networks, mainly to enhance routing protocols and create improved performance. In conclusion, considerable effort was undertaken in WP1 to involve different people in a range of activities so as to engage with the research community, and strengthen the training, dissemination and roadmapping tasks of the other work packages. 67

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Work Package Summary WP1 Deliverables D1.1 AWARE website available by month 3 Achieved D1.2 Annual report for month 12 Achieved D1.3 Annual report for month 24 Achieved D1.4 Final report Achieved

Â Â WP1 Milestones achieved

M1.1 Website launched by month 3 Achieved M1.2 Newsletters available by month 6 Achieved M1.3 Workshops, events, consultations identified and listed on website by month 6 Achieved M1.4 Research exchanges launched, promoted and taking place and reports on website by month 6 onwards Achieved

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WP2 DISSEMINATION Work Package Leader: WP2 Objectives: • To promote a common understanding of the science, technology and applications of self-aware systems and networks across the range of Awareness projects. • To publicise and disseminate research results from, and of relevance to, the Awareness programme, in a timely, informative and accessible manner, through a number of conventional and innovative media. • To create lasting impact by producing tangible products whose utility to researchers and students will extend beyond the lifespan of the project

Dr Jeremy Pitt, Imperial College London (Imperial), UK Assisted by Callum Egan (Napier), Ingi Helgason (Napier), Jennifer Willies (Napier) .

WP2 Tasks over project lifetime: T2.1 AWARE magazine responsible for all editorial functions including collating contributor suggestions, executive control of article content, pre- and post-award administration of the journalism sub-contract. T2.2 AWARE newsletters providing interesting content for the AWARE newsletters distributed by WP1 at regular intervals, and including links to WP3 and WP4 activities. T2.3 AWARE book including editing a collected volume of relevant chapters from contributions by Awareness projects and related research areas, working with WP4 to determine new research trends. T2.4 AWARE documentaries including scripting and directing video material from training and consultation events as well as technical demonstration of project results, interviews with leading researchers to be disseminated via AWARE website, You Tube, and involving input from all WPs.

WP2 Deliverables for period 3 D2.5 AWARE book : “The Computer After Me” D2.6 AWARE documentary : “The Computer After Me” D2.7 Final activity report including a collection of Magazine articles, newsletters

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DELIVERABLE D2.7 Activity report for period 3 including Magazine articles, newsletters WP2’s overall objective is to contribute to the fostering of the Awareness research community by creating a common pool of knowledge and resources to inform interested researchers of the latest initiative and recent results. The work package also has a public-facing perspective and addresses the implications of awareness research for EU citizens. WP2 produces four channels of public dissemination for Awareness research: • Newsletters, targeted at the Awareness scientific community • The Awareness Magazine, targeted at the wider scientific community in ICT • The Computer After Me, the Awareness Book, targeted at general scientific community, graduate and undergraduate students, and professionals in industry and commerce • Documentaries, targeted at the well-informed EU citizen

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Three deliverables are presented for the final review, including D2.7 which provides an overview report for all WP2 activities and includes the Awareness newsletters prepared in Appendix I and a compilation of Magazine articles prepared in Appendix II. Deliverable D2.5 is a nearly final version of the AWARE book, expected to be published in late 2013. Deliverable D2.6 is the Awareness video, also entitled The Computer After Me, available at http:// thecomputerafterme.eu/ These contributions represent are the final conclusive achievements realising the work package objectives. WP2 outputs have definitively made a significant contribution and promoted a more open understanding of awareness science and technology within the scientific community and also for the EU citizen. With innovative uses of the Web for content solicitation, co-location and curation, the Awareness Magazine and the documentaries have been successful in publicising and promoting the Awareness Proactive Initiative and the FET projects. In Awareness Magazine articles and especially in The Computer After Me documentary and book, there are lasting tangible products that will extend the scope of the Awareness project well beyond its temporal aspect. 70

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Task T2.1 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; AWARE Magazine Setting up and launching the magazine was the key focus in year 1. The sub-contract with Form & Content Media was negotiated, a first tranche of thirty authors was contacted, and the first Magazine articles appeared in November 2011. Good progress continued through years 2 and 3. The Magazine has 52 articles published or in press, as per the sub-contract. Nearly all of these are now accessible on the magazine website in html or pdf form, with a few remaining ones scheduled to appear by December 2013. All available at time of reporting are included in Appendix II

The slight delay in completion of the Magazine articles was caused by a plan to coordinate and cross-reference the chapters of the Awareness Book by first writing an extended abstract as an article for the Magazine. However, while most authors were willing to convert their extended abstracts into longer versions for their book chapter, they were largely unwilling to concretize their abstracts alone as Magazine articles. Accordingly, we reverted to the original process and solicited articles as before, but the production timing means that the final articles will appear after the project finishes technically. However, the website was always intended as a lasting resource with a lifespan beyond the project.

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Nevertheless, web traffic to Magazine articles remains healthy, as shown in the table below, attracting over 2,500 unique visitors per month, averaging about 9,000 visits, hitting 80,000 pages, and viewing/downloading approximately 2.5GB of material (per month). It is difficult to estimate because of caching and the downloading of graphics, but given the average size of the articles in pdf form, this is approximately 6,000 article downloads per month. This indicates that the magazine is successfully delivering its target content to the intended readership. Magazine Website Statistics

During the second year a significant collaboration between WP2 and WP4 was undertaken to propose a tripartite analytic framework to categorise forms of awareness and self-awareness in autonomic systems research. The three parts include • the level of ‘awareness’ being addressed • the field of computer science in which the system has been developed • the research themes being addressed The analytic framework was applied to the articles in the online Awareness Magazine, and the collected opinions from the Awareness Research Agenda, which revealed several interesting features about the research field. For example, the research area impacting the fewest themes is swarm robotics; and of the themes attracting the least attention, one is evolution/emergence. One possible interpretation of this is that swarm robotics assumes relatively simple units and emergent phenomena are a by-product of component interactions rather than component intentions, and that therefore awareness and self-awareness are not essential properties to address. This work was presented in a paper entitled “A Tripartite Analytic Framework for Characterising Awareness and Self-Awareness in Autonomic Systems Research”, by Julia Schaumeier, Jeremy Pitt and Giacomo Cabri at the 6th IEEE Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshop, an event organised by AWARE in September 2012. The work supports and promotes knowledge transfer and scientific dialogue across research communities and disciplines, and has helped to crystalise a common agenda for awareness research. 72

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Recent Awareness Magazine articles (see Appendix 2 for complete set of articles) SELF-AWARENESS IN A CONTENT-CENTRIC INTERNET STUART ALLEN AND ROGER WHITAKER DIGITAL GAME ENABLES ACTIVE USER PARTICIPATION IN SMARTGRIDS PABLO ALMAJANO, AIKATERINI BOURAZERI, MAITE LOPEZ-SANCHEZ, IMMACULADA CARING AGENTS MAKE GOOD TEACHERS AND FRIENDLY COMPANIONS RUTH AYLETT SELF-ORGANIZING TRUSTED COMMUNITIES OF TRUST-ADAPTIVE AGENTS YVONNE BERNARD, LUKAS KLEJNOWSKI, JORG HAHNER, CHRISTIAN MULLER-SCHLOER SEMANTIC CONTEXT-AWARENESS FOR APPLICATION SERVERS IN NEXT-GENERATION NETWORKS YVES-GAEL BILLET, CHRISTOPHE GRAVIER, JULIEN SUBERCAZE, JACQUES FAYOLLE INCREASING THE POPULARITY OF CLOUD COMPUTING BY IMPROVING ITS MARKET PERFORMANCE IVAN BRESKOVIC AND IVONA BRANDIC AUTONOMOUS COMPONENTS IN DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTS TOMAS BURES, ILIAS GEROSTATHOPOULAS, PETR HNETYNKA, JAROSLAV KEZNIKL, MICHAL KIT AND FRANTISEK PLASIL AFFECTIVE TEACHING: LEARNING MORE EFFECTIVELY FROM EMPATHIC ROBOTS GINERVA CASTELLANO, IOLANDA LEITE, ANA PAIVA AND PETER W. MCOWAN MYRIADS OF DATA, MYRIADS OF DEVICES: SELF-AWARENESS OF THE AD-HOC IOANNIS CHATZIGIANNAKIS, OTHON MICHAIL, GEORGIOS MYLONAS AND PAUL SPIRAKIS COGNITIVE HEURISTICS FOR DATA DISSEMINATION IN OPPORTUNISTIC NETWORKS MARCO CONTI, MATTEO MORDACCHINI AND ANDREA PASSARELLA SMART ENVIRONMENTS FOR ALZHEIMER始S PATIENTS ANTONIO CORONATO CLOUD2BUBBLE: A CONTEXT-AWARE PLATFORM FOR ENHANCING QUALITY OF EXPERIENCE PEDRO MAURICIO COSTA, JOAO FALCAO E CUNHA AND TERESA GALVAO SELF-ADJUSTING AUTONOMOUS SYSTEMS MICHAEL T. COX AND DON PERLIS SELF-AWARENESS IN AGILE ASSEMBLY SYSTEMS GIOVANNA DI MARZO SERUGENDO AND REGINA FREI MOVING TOWARDS AUTONOMIC, GATEWAY-FREE CROSS NETWORKING GIANLUIGI FERRARI INTERACTIVE DESIGN ACTIVISM PETAR GOULEV AND JOAN FARRER A COGNITIVELY INSPIRED MODEL FOR SELF-AWARE AGENTS ANDREA GUAZZINI THE FORMAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SELF-DECEPTION ANDREW J. I. JONES MARKETS AS COMPLEX EMERGENT PHENOMENA OZGE DILAVER KALKAN AWARENESS AND SELF-AWARENESS FOR MULTI-ROBOT ORGANISMS SERGE KERNBACH FINGERPRINTS IN ONLINE MEDIA REVEAL THE ORGANIZATION OF SOCIAL SYSTEMS RENAUD LAMBIOTTE

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ADAPTIVE NEGOCIATION STRATEGY FOR AGENTS IN ELECTRONIC MARKETS HO-FUNG LEUNG AN OUTLOOK FOR SELF-AWARENESS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS PETER LEWIS, MARCO PLATZNER AND XIN YAO CONVERGING AND COEXISTING SYSTEMS TOWARDS SMART SURVEILLANCE KATINA MICHAEL AND M. G. MICHAEL TRIAD TRANSITION PROBABILITIES CHARACTERIZE COMPLEX NETWORKS KATARZYNA MUSIAL, KRZYSZTOF JUSZCZYSZYN AND MARCIN BUDKA EVOLUTIONARY AUTONOMIC DESIGN FRAMEWORK FOR SELF-ORGANIZING FUTURE INTERNET SYMEON PAPAVASSILIOU AND VASILEIOS KARYOTIS SOCIAL COMPUTERS HELP TO RESOLVE GLOBAL SOCIAL CHALLENGES ELENA PAVAN, FAUSTO GIUNCHIGLIA AND DAVID ROBERTSON PRIVACY BY DESIGN IN DATA MINING DINO PEDRESCHI, ANNA MONREALE AND FOSCA GIANNOTTI PROGRAMMING MODELS FOR RECONFIGURABLE HETEROGENEOUS MULTI-CORES CHRISTIAN PLESSL, MARCO PLATZNER, ANDREAS AGNE, MARKUS HAPPE AND ENNO LUBBERS SELF-EXPRESSION IN ADAPTIVE ARCHITECTURAL PATTERNS MARIACHIARA PUVIANI SITUATION AWARENESS WITH SEMANTIC REGION-LANDMARKS RUPERT REIGER, ANJAN SARKAR AND PALASH GOYAL KIGA-KIKU COMPUTING AND SPECULATIVE COMPUTATION KEN SATOH NORM-AWARE SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS BASTIN TONY ROY SAVARIMUTHU AND ADITYA GHOSE A SELF-AWARE SWARM OF UNDERWATER VEHICLES THOMAS SCHMICKL, CHRISTPH MOSLINGER AND RONALD THENIUS MODELLING IS KEY TO ENGINEERING SELF-ORGANIZING SOFTWARE SYSTEMS GIUSEPPE VALETTO AND PAUL L. SNYDER SOCIALLY ADAPTIVE SOFTWARE M. BIRNA VAN RIEMSDIJK BUILDING THE PYRAMID OF AWARENESS EMIL VASSEV SELF-ORGANIZED MIDDLE-OUT ABSTRACTION OF COMPLEXITY SEBASTIAN VON MAMMEN AND JAN-PHILIPP STEGHOFER ENGINEERING AUTONOMIC ENSEMBLES MARTIN WIRSING, MATTHIAS HOLZL, ANNABELLE KLARL AND NORA KOCH PERVASIVE COMPUTING NEEDS BETTER SITUATION-AWARENESS JUAN YE AND SIMON DOBSON TOWARDS NATURE-INSPIRED ECOSYSTEMS FOR PERVASIVE SERVICES FRANCO ZAMBONELLI SENSORFLY: A MINIMALIST APPROACH FOR EMERGENCY SITUATIONAL AWARENESS PEI ZHANG ENERGY-EFFICIENT DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING ALBERT Y. ZOMAYA AND YOUNG CHOON LEE

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Task T2.2 – AWARE Newsletters The Awareness newsletters are a cross-activity between WP1 and WP2, with input and direction by both work package leaders. Ten newsletters were produced over the duration of the project, coinciding with key promotional points. The final newsletter provides a useful summary of research achievements from those projects funded by the Awareness Proactive Initiative. The newsletters appear in Appendix 1. Each newsletter promoted upcoming events, with fuller coverage of completed events. Additionally, news from the Awareness projects has been featured. The Awareness newsletters are available in printed form, and are taken to events and conferences. They are also available for download as a pdf file from the Awareness website, and additionally can be read online in a nicely formatted way through the ISSUU website (http://issuu.com/) an open, online publications service. Each issue is promoted through an emailed e-bulletin to the project community list of around 900 subscribers

Newsletters are distributed in multiple forms: • •

•

in printed form, taken to events and conferences online through the ISSUU website (http:// issuu.com/) an open, online publications service download as a pdf file from the Awareness website

The Awareness newsletters have covered a wide variety of topics including • • • • •

•

Detailed coverage of individual projects Interviews with leading researchers Promoting upcoming events (workshops, sponsored speakers, best-paper awards) Pre- and post-reporting of summer schools Post-reporting on events, highlighting access to materials relevant to the event on the website Promoting research exchanges 75

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spring 2011

autumn 2012

autumn 2011 winter 2013

winter 2011 spring 2013

spring 2012

summer 2013

summer 2012

autumn 2013

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Task T2.3 – AWARE Book The AWARE Book’s target audience is the general scientific community, graduate and undergraduate students, and professionals in industry and commerce. The objective is for Awareness researchers to assess the transformative impact, and also the potentially disruptive impact, of computational awareness and self-awareness in autonomic systems. The book is intended to provide a comprehensive ‘handbook’ of issues in awareness research, technology being developed to address these issues, and to consider the potential social, legal, ethical, and environmental impact of computational awareness. As such it will offer lasting impact by providing a useful reference tool for the next wave of graduate and graduate students, as well as encouraging them to ‘be aware’ (sic) of the potential social impact of transformative or disruptive technology. It is due to be published by Imperial College Press in late 2013. The book is divided into three parts, each one reflecting a different reading of the phrase “The Computer After Me”: First reading: ‘the computer after me': said from the point of view of the computer -- the next generation computing device following (after) this one: smaller, faster, smarter, etc.; Second reading: ‘the computer after me': said from the point of view of the user -- the benefits of computer representation and reasoning about human concerns and actions, and the potential drawbacks -- the computer is out to get (is after) me; Third reading: ‘the computer after me': said from the point of view of a third-party observer -- the computer is trying to acquire (is after) some kind of inner representation and understanding of itself. A full list of contributors and chapter headings is given below. 1. Introduction: The Computer After Me. Jeremy Pitt 2. Towards Self-aware and Self-composing Services. Giacomo Cabri and Franco Zambonelli 3. Issues in Engineering Self-Aware and Self-Expressive Ensembles. Matthias Hoelzl, Martin Wirsing 4. Social Awareness in Technical Systems. Christian Mueller-Schloer, Mathias Pacher, Yvonne Bernard, and Lukas Klejnowski 5. Bring it on, Complexity! Present and future of SOMO abstraction. Sebastian von Mammen and Jan-Philipp Steghoefer 6. Self-healing software. Regina Frei and Giovanna Di Marzo Serugendo 7. Self-Steering and Aware Homes. M. Aiello, R. Baldoni, A. Lazovik and M. Mecella 8. Assistive Awareness in SmartGrids. Aikaterini Bourazeri, Pablo Almajano, Inmaculada Rodriguez and Maite Lopez-Sanchez 9. Norm-Aware Socio-Technical Systems. Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu and Aditya Ghose 10. The Social Computer. Giovanna Di Marzo Serugendo, Matteo Risoldi and Mohammad Solemayni 11. Collective Awareness and The New Institution Science. Jeremy Pitt and Andrzej Nowak 77

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12. Be Vigilant: There are Limits to Veillance. Katina Michael, MG Michael and Christine Perakslis 13. Robotic Self-Modeling. Justin W. Hart and Brian Scassellati 14. Reflective Systems. Kirstie L. Bellman 15. Robots with Internal Models: A Route to Self-Aware and Hence Safer Robots. Alan F.T. Winfield 16. Awareness and Responsibility in Autonomous Weapons Systems. Nehal Bhuta, Antonino Rotolo, and Giovanni Sartor} 17. Computational self-awareness and learning machines. Peter R. Lewis

A draft of the Aware book is contained in Deliverable D2.5. The front cover mock-up is illustrated below. Awareness and Self-Awareness in Autonomic Systems

A summary of the chapters follows: !"#"$%&'()& *+,(-.#/&

In the first part, we assume that (at least part of) the vision of ubiquitous computing and the Internet of Things has been realised, and that information and communication technologies have `disappeared' into the everyday fabric of life and our ambient environment. If there is always going to be a generation of computer that is `faster', `smarter' -- or more `aware' -than the previous generation, then what is the `computer after me', when the `me' is this disappeared computer. Cabri and Zambonelli (Chapter 2) discuss this from the perspective of service-orient architectures, while Hoelzl and Wirsing (Chapter 3) consider it from the perspective of ensembles of `things'. The three other chapters in this part address three other awareness properties of such a computer which are characteristic of human society: Mueller-Schloer et al (Chapter 4) consider social awareness, in Chapter 5 von Mammen and Steghoefer discuss an algorithm for middle-out reasoning not unlike ideas of planned decentralization, Frei and di Marzo Serugendo survey the state of the art in writing software that can repair itself (Chapter 6). In the second part of this book, the issue addressed is what happens when â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;the computer after the disappeared computer' is not just aware of its technical environment, but also it human -social, cultural, legal and organisational -- environment -- as well. In Chapter 7, Aiello et al study the ambient environment of the Smart Home; in Chapter 8, Bourazeri et al consider awareness for information visualisation in SmartGrids through serious games; and in Chapter 9 Savarimuthu and Ghose discuss awareness of social norms for sustainability. The discussion is generalised further by di Marzo Serugendo et al in Chapter 10, who present the social 78

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computer, and by Pitt and Nowak in Chapter 11 who call for a new science of institutions based on the convergence of societies of devices with communities of people. However, Part 2 concludes with a stark warning from Michael \emph{et al} in Chapter 12, of how this computational awareness could, without care, lead to \"uberveillance. In the third and final part of this book, the issue addressed is what happens when `the computer after the disappeared computer' becomes aware of itself. In the first chapter of Part 3, Hart and Scassalati present Nico, a robot that appears to pass the mirror test (Chapter 13), while Bellman (Chapter 14) and Winfield (Chapter 15) present routes to self-awareness based on systems with internal models. In Winfield's case, these internal models are used to consider ethical behaviour for robots, and this issue I further explored by Bhuta et al in Chapter 16, in the context of drones and the law. Finally, Part 3 is concluded by Lewis in Chapter 17, with a discussion of smart camera networks, self-awareness and even more open questions.

Task T2.4 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; AWARE Documentaries A similar audience to that described above is envisioned for the AWARE documentaries. To complement the AWARE Book, a series of short documentaries were collected together on a themed website called The Computer After Me to illustrate general concepts of self-awareness in autonomic systems. This public-facing website mirrors useful material from the Awareness

website and includes links to the Awareness App, interviews and articles for general browsing (see http://thecomputerafterme.eu/). Many are taken from training and consultation events including over 180 short video clips now available at the Awareness website and including the Awareness 101 research agenda shorts, on the video wall. WP2 has worked closely with WP1 to provide an easy-to-navigate site aimed at a general "popular science" audience, rather than an educational or Awareness network audience. The resulting Computer After Me website together with the Awareness book of the same name are ways to make these topics more accessible. 79

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A video short called “Self-awareness in autonomic systems” provides a three minute introduction to the Coordination Action activities. In addition, an animated video, titled "Awareness and Self-Awareness in Autonomic Computer Systems... in 4 minutes" was made to be presented specifically for public dissemination as it is a quick and accessible introduction to the key ideas in the field, drawn from the work of the Awareness Slide factory. In a short documentary entitled “The Computer After Me” technology writer Rebecca Mileham and Jeremy Pitt consider some key issues, and some real consequences, as ever-smarter computers are reasoning, predicting and acting - by themselves. Jeremy asks us if we are comfortable with the idea that whoever owns these systems and data, can program them to monitor our behaviour while avoiding detection themselves? And how long will it be before a computer decides when to switch off a life-support machine, or to declare cyber war? Part one of this documentary introduces the idea of the Computer After Me, the second part looks at recognising a self-aware computer. The third section considers the positive potential of self-aware systems followed by the risks in part four. The fifth part looks at the likelihood of this happening and the documentary finishes what everyone should consider to influence more positive outcomes. In addition to the documentary and short animated video, The Computer After Me website provides a collection of useful video interviews taken from all work package activities including: Awareness Science Cafe @ SASO 2012 Video from the Awareness Science Cafe event held at SASO 2012 in Lyon, France where the informal scientific discussion centred around three themes: Computer Consciousness, Computer 2020 and Computer-phobia The Thinking Robot – An Awareness Film A 35 minute short film in which academic and engineer, Professor Alan Winfield of the Bristol Robotics Lab discusses robot learning, reinforcement learning, evolutionary learning, robot evolution, theory of mind and four categories of intelligence, following his public talk at the Edinburgh international Science Festival. How to get a PhD in Self-organising Systems – Jeremy Pitt Presented at the Awareness Doctoral Forum in September 2012, and following a similar keynote talk given by Gusz Eiben at a previous Awareness Doctoral Forum in December 2011, on “Methodological Issues in Bio-inspired Computing, or How to Get a PhD in....?” Marco Aiello – Are homes smart if they are aware? Highlights from Marco Aiello’s invited talk at the 2nd Awareness Workshop on Challenges for Achieving Self-awareness in Autonomic Systems @ SASO 2012, Lyon, France. EPiCS Workshop on Self-Awareness in Reconfigurable Computing Systems Discussion from the Workshop on Self-Awareness in Reconfigurable Computing Systems held in Oslo, September 2012, organised by the EPiCS Project and supported by AWARE. Ichiro Satoh Interview Ichiro Satoh is a professor at the Information Systems Architecture Research Division of the National Institute of Informatics in Tokyo, Japan. His main research areas concern Distributed Objects, Mobile Agents, Concurrency Theory, Naming Service for Information Appliances. 80

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Public Events Although not a specific WP2 task, the organisation of several science-public events was always anticipated, in conjunction with WP1, to complement the range of Awareness events and to help underpin the book and video tasks of WP2. Working closely with the Awareness projects was also an objective but timing issues with the long lead times required made this difficult to achieve. Planning for five public dissemination events was undertaken, though two had to be cancelled: Edinburgh International Science Festival : April 2012 Invited talk “The Thinking Robot” by Professor Alan Winfield, UWE, UK who considered current state-of-the-art in robot intelligence, and whether we could design robots that are not only more intelligent but also have a sense of self, to audience of 250 Awareness Science Cafe@SASO : Lyon September 2012 WPL Jeremy Pitt led a lively and illuminating discussion in an audience of approximately 60 persons, on the topic of ‘The Computer After Me’, a complex future where ‘smart’ devices perhaps understand better what they are and what we want from them. Social Implications of SASO Systems & Technologies : Philadelphia September 2013 Awareness organised a panel discussion on social implications of SASO systems and technologies at SASO 2013 conference. Chaired by Jeremy Pitt, from Imperial College London, other panelists included Peppo Valetto, Drexel University, USA and Trneto University, Italy Ingo Scholtes, ETH Zurich, Switzerland Mihaela Ulieru, The Impact Institute, USA The panel gave short presentations on adaptive systems with emergent properties which are making the transition from laboratory and field trials to fully-fledged deployment. They considered how many aspects of adaptive and autonomic systems found in things like mobile networks or swarm robotics seem to be primarily 'hidden' to the user. The aim of discussion with an audience of 100 was to consider whether SASO systems are destined to be forever closed to human involvement; or if not, what will be the nature of 'human-SASO system interaction'? They also looked to some social implications of these SASO-systems and what impact might they have when adaptive systems are reasoning about qualitative matters such as legal or organisational rules, health and well-being, environmental issues, dispute resolution etc, issues of great human concern. 81

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Dana Centre, London Science Museum : London May 2013 (cancelled) As part of the London Science Museum, the Dana Centre presents audiences the chance to take part in exciting, informative and innovative nights connecting contemporary science, technology and culture. Awareness is proposed a science-engagement event for May 2013, based around the themes in the book, "The Computer After Me". All the Awareness projects have been invited to participate and the themes being addressed were : what the self-aware computer 2020 will do for us; will they be able to think like humans; and what should we be worried about. With funding cuts, the 2013 Dana Centre season of talks were curtailed and the Awareness proposal was not among those accepted. British Science Festival : Newcastle September 2013 (cancelled) This was planned to include an exhibition and demonstrations of COCOROâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s underwater robots suitable for families as well as adults. It also included a festival talk and planning was at a fairly advanced stage when health and safety concerns for the water pool at the venue led to the Festival cancelling the exhibition for technical reasons. A plan B was hastily arranged for the Awareness workshop at SASO involving video demos to accompany a talk, but Thomas Schmickl and colleagues were unable to make the dates due to conflict with other events.

DELIVERABLE D2.5 Awareness Book, The Computer After Me A nearly-final draft of the complete book is uploaded in electronic format to share via Dropbox with reviewers.

DELIVERABLE D2.6 Awareness documentary, The Computer After Me A low-resolution version of the video in Flash format is uploaded to share with reviewers via Dropbox and is also available at http://thecomputerafterme.eu/

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Work Package Summary WP2 Deliverables D2.1 AWARE Magazine launch and integration with project website Achieved D2.2 WP2 activity report for year 1 with collection of Magazine articles, newsletters and video clips by month 12 Achieved D2.3 WP2 book proposal and documentary script outline by month 24 Achieved D2.4 WP2 activity report for year 2 with collection of Magazine articles, newsletters and video clips by month 24 Achieved D2.5 AWARE book Achieved D2.6 AWARE documentary Achieved D2.7 WP2 activity report for year 3 with collection of Magazine articles, newsletters and video clips by month 36 Achieved

WP2 Milestones Achieved

M2.1 Aware Magazine at website visible by month 6 Achieved M2.2 Video filming and documentary planning underway by month 12 Achieved M2.3 Preliminary planning for AWARE book content available by month 12 Achieved M2.4 AWARE book proposal available by month 24 Achieved M2.5 AWARE documentary available by month 30 Achieved

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WP3 TRAINING Work Package Leader: WP3 Objectives: •To organise educational activities including summer schools particularly aimed at young researchers or those new to the field •To produce training materials for an academic course (8-12 weeks), an industry training event (1-2 days), and an educated layman seminar (1-3 hours) •To facilitate tutorials at conferences by assisting senior researchers with learning presentation material aiming at fellow researchers. •To contribute web materials including slides, demos, videos to the widest possible audience at all levels of expertise.

Prof A E Eiben, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VUA), Netherlands Assisted by Mark Hoogendoorn (VUA), Nivea Ferreira (VUA), Willem van Willigen (VUA), Callum Egan (Napier), Jennifer Willies (Napier) .

WP3 Tasks over project lifetime: T3.1 Organisation of annual summer schools T3.2 Collection, collation, production and dissemination of training materials T3.3 To work with AWARE-funded projects to develop suitable training events T3.4 To build and maintain a web-based knowledge distribution system

WP3 Deliverables for period 3 D3.3 Activity report for year 3

•To promote training as a form of knowledge transfer to help influence European commercial competitiveness.

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DELIVERABLE D3.3 Activity report on training activities Executive summary WP3 efforts have concentrated on these main events and activities, which correspond to the work package tasks and which support its objectives: • • • •

organisation of the Awareness Summer Schools (AWASS 2012 & AWASS 2013) preparing and running the Awareness Slides Factory further development of the iPad app to enhance additional access for web-based materials contributing to the web-based knowledge distribution system

A major WP3 objective has been to organise educational activities aimed at young researchers or those new to the field, and two summer schools were organised (AWASS 2012 and AWASS 2013). These events satisfied several work package aims including the provision of a high-level training activity, collecting and disseminating suitable training materials, and working closely with the Awareness-funded projects to tackle relevant themes. The summer schools were also key community building events and WP3 worked closely with WP1 to ensure that different interests were represented. Over 50 people took part at each summer school event including participants, lecturers, mentors and organisers bringing together PhD students, post-docs and senior researchers working in various research streams related to self-awareness in autonomic systems. A first summer school originally planned for the first year had to be cancelled, as previously reported, due to poor registrations but as a replacement, the Awareness Virtual Lecture Series (AVLS 2011) were organised. Moreover, WP3 worked with WP1 to organise three Doctoral Forums, the first held at the Bionetics conference in December 2011, and the second held alongside the Awareness Workshop at the SASO Conference in September 2012, and the third at AWASS 2013. Another objective of WP3 is the production of accessible training/teaching materials for the Awareness projects and the self-aware autonomic computing community. Self-awareness in autonomic systems is a nascent area with no consolidated body of knowledge and to help kick-start useful material to share, a Slides Factory was run aiming to produce a collection of slides covering a wide range of subjects relevant to awareness in autonomic systems. Invited experts outlined the topics to be covered in different environments ( a layman seminar and an academic course) and working together over several days in a “lockin”, they developed an impressive number of slides needed to support both types of events. In total, nearly 800 slides were produced – either recycled from existing presentations/lectures, or designed exclusively for the Slides Factory. The participants also created a glossary in order to encourage a consistent use of terms and definitions. In year 3 we worked on revising the produced slides in order to offer the community a polished and improved version of the material. We also invested time in creating a new set of slides suitable for an industry training, which was not tackled earlier. Moreover, apart from the slides, the terms and definitions in the accompanying glossary were also revised. All the learning material produced at the Slides Factory has now been made widely available towards the end of the third year, primarily on the website but also accessible on an 85

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Awareness iPad app. App development, was initiated in Year 1 and completed in Year 2. The website already includes all the slides and videos from the AVLS 2011, AWASS 2012 and AWASS 2013, and will continue to make all material accessible to a wider community, with additional access via IPAD for those interested. WP3 activities were planned so they could incorporate ideas from other work package activities. For instance, in close collaboration with WP4 (Research Agenda), we organised the â&#x20AC;&#x153;SelfAwareness 2050â&#x20AC;? activity, during the AWASS 2012, in which students had the chance to propose a futuristic scenario (idea or invention), describing self-awareness of autonomic systems in 40/50 years from now. Furthermore, a discussion session on the research agenda was part of the program during AWASS 2013. WP3 events provided useful opportunities for interviews and videos (WP4 video opinions and WP2 documentary) and provided potential article contributors (WP2 book/magazine).

Details by work package tasks T3.1 Organisation of annual summer schools The aim of summer schools was to help expose early career researchers to recent advances in research areas related to (self-)awareness in autonomic systems, and particularly to help those involved in the Awareness research projects to appreciate the potential for greater collaboration. Awareness Virtual Lecture Series (AVLS) 2011 As reported previously, a Doctoral Forum and a series of online lectures were organised to replace the planned first edition of the Awareness summer school which was struggling to attract numbers, and had to be cancelled. A series of eight virtual lectures was held over nine weeks, the first on 14th October and the last on 9th D e c e m b e r 2 0 11 . T h e lectures were broadcast every Friday afternoon at 3pm CET on the Awareness website. The duration of the each talk was, in average, of 20-25 minutes. Lecturers were present, during and after their lecture, in a chat room embedded on the website in order to answer questions from the audience.

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The schedule previewed in previous reports had some alterations since lecturer Xin Yao became unavailable and Gusz Eiben replaced him, and also some presentation dates were swapped. The final programme ran as: Self-Organising Institutions - Jeremy Pitt (AWARE) Introduction to Human Heuristics - Franco Bagnoli (RECOGNITION) SCEL: Service Component Ensemble Language - Rosario Pugliese (ASCENS) Coordination Models From Parallel Computing To Self-Organising Systems - Andrea Omicini (SAPERE) Self-aware Pervasive Service Ecosystems - Franco Zambonelli (SAPERE) Adaptation and Awareness in Robot Ensembles - Matthias Holzl (ASCENS) Self-awareness at the Hardware/Software Interface - Marco Platzner (EPiCS) Embodied Artificial Evolution: the Next BIG Thing? - Gusz Eiben (Awareness) AWASS 2012 In contrast to the difficulties attracting participants for the first cancelled summer school, the second one was a runaway success and a decision had to be taken four months in advance to limit participant numbers to ensure that good mentoring and tuition was maintained. All Awareness projects were represented, as “seniors” and also as “students”. The event took place in June 2012 in Edinburgh with project coordinators Napier acting as local organisers. It was an active and participative summer school with informative lectures, mentoring activities and with participants working in teams, and cemented together by good social events and networking opportunities. An outstanding collaboration between the VUA team, responsible for the scientific program and activities, and the Napier team, responsible for the local organisation and dissemination, together with participation of all WPLs and also the Awareness projects made this a very successful event. SAPERE co-located its project meeting alongside the summer school and this allowed for participation of their members in lectures and discussions. Participation numbers were limited to 30 students to guarantee good interaction and ensure the specialist mentoring helped them benefit as much as possible. The AWASS 2012 scientific program included • a keynote talk by Maarten van Steen entitled “Self-awareness in 8kb and 7ms” • Alberto Lluch Lafuente: “A white-box perspective on self-adaptation and self-awareness (with a focus on Reflective Russian Dolls)” • Jim Torresen: “Self-aware and self-expressive active music systems” • Andrea Guazzini: “From the Social Cognition and the Cognitive Heuristics to the modeling of the Self Awareness: the Tri-Partite Model” • Jon Timmis: “Immunity in Self-Aware Systems” • Giovanna di Marzo: “From Self-Organising Mechanisms to Design Patterns” 87

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• Serge Kernbach: “Environmental- and Self-Awareness: Can a swarm recognize itself in a mirror?” • Four case studies designed to complement the lectures were provided by researchers involved in Awareness projects: • “Self-assembling strategies” run by mentor: Andrea Vandin (ASCENS) • “Crowd steering in a music festival run by mentor: Jose Luiz Fernandez (SAPERE) • “Cognitive modelling of community detection/definition, and cognitive based forecasting models of epidemics” run by mentor: Arjun Chandra (EPiCS) • “Classifying human motion for active music systems” run by mentor: Andrea Guazzini (RECOGNITION) For the case studies, students were divided into six teams of maximum five participants. Each team was assigned to one case study, having two case studies with two teams allocated to it. Aiming to stimulate a maximum interaction and exchange of knowledge and experiences, students were assigned to teams according to their programming skills, research projects in which they were involved and their research interests. Mentors were prepared to support their teams throughout the week, guiding students towards the summer school as a wide learning experience. Mentoring sessions were organised to give mentors the opportunity to meet teams working on their case study, answer their questions, clarify any doubts and follow their progress.

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Scottish Theme to AWASS 12 especially for the social events

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Each case study was a scenario in which awareness in autonomic computing research/ technology plays a role and could be (effectively) used. Even though teams focused on a specific aspect and worked through a clear challenge during the week, the wider relevance of the used technology was also tackled. Teams were encouraged to consider all sorts of applicable aspects, including the embedded societal implications. They were also encouraged to transform their effort into an academic paper and, to the best of our knowledge, at least one team has submitted a paper to the SASO 2012 conference and workshops. The AWASS 2012 program also included a poster session. All AWASS participants (students, mentors, lecturers and organisers) were asked to bring a poster on the theme of “Me and My Research” to help introduce everyone to each other and learn more about the different research interests. The “Self-Awareness 2050 Ideas Contest” in which students expressed ideas on the way selfawareness in autonomic systems could develop in the next few decades was run at the summer school and also included AWASS seniors and Advisory Board members. Everyone was encouraged to think about the self-aware computing systems we have now, the challenges we face, and the advances we are making. Ideas were presented in a relaxed, informal atmosphere, with “Nessie” prizes set up to stimulate contributions. Some of the ideas from SelfAwareness 2050 contributed to WP4’s Research Agenda. The summer school was a strong community building event with individuals continuing to keep in touch via Facebook, and several papers resulted at the Awareness workshop at SASO and other events, as well as several research exchange applications. Abstracts of all lectures and case studies, together with slides and videos, are available at the Awareness website: http://www.aware-project.eu/awareness-training/awass-2012/

Summer School Feedback Overall, the feedback from the Summer School was very positive. The results of an evaluation with 28 participants responding are shown in an aggregated form under the Summer School feedback of AWASS 2013 to make a comparison possible. AWASS 2013 The second summer school was organised in Lucca, Italy, from Monday June 24 to Friday June 28, 2013. It was an active and participative summer school with mentoring activities, and great social events and networking opportunities. A close and productive collaboration between the VUA team, responsible for the scientific program and activities, and the local organization at IMT Lucca made it a successful and enjoyable event. 90

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The local organization was placed in the hands of Alberto Lluch Lafuente and Andrea Vandin, researchers from ASCENS project at IMT Lucca. Both Alberto and Andrea took part at the AWASS 2012, being, therefore, familiar with the summer school objectives and its targeted audience. Their outstanding organization guaranteed that catering services, local facilities and general work and social atmosphere, fit our requirements and desires. Working with them was a very gratifying and enjoyable experience for us. The AWASS 2013 had 25 participants, allowing them to benefit as much as possible from the summer school activities and encouraging a maximum interaction – not only of participants among themselves, but also between them and all lecturers and mentors. All registered participants had a wide range of research interests, including organic computing, self-adaptive and context awareness, and computational ecosystems. The AWASS 2013 scientific program The keynote talk entitled “Why Robots may need to be self-aware, before we can really trust them” was given by Alan Winfield and additionally, four lectures were scheduled: •

Martin Wirsing: Towards Systematically Engineering Ensemble

•

Peter Lewis: Types of Computational Self-awareness and How We Might Implement Them

•

Mark Read: Capturing the Immune System: From the wet-lab to the robot, building better quality immune-inspired engineering solutions

•

René Doursat: Morphogenetic Engineering: Reconciling Architecture and SelfOrganization Through Programmable Complex Systems

The case studies played a central role during the summer school. Four case studies were designed to complement the given lectures and deepen students understanding on relevant aspects of self-awareness in autonomic systems. All case studies were provided by researchers involved in Awareness projects: • Computational Self-awareness in Smart-Camera Networks – Mentor: Lukas Esterle (EPiCS) • Underwater search and rescue using a swarm of robots – Mentor: Mark Read (CoCoRo) •

Robot Swarms as Ensembles of Cooperating Components – Mentors: Matthias Hölzl and Annabelle Klarl (ASCENS)

•

Ensemble-oriented programming of self-adaptive systems – Mentor: Michele Loreti (ASCENS)

Each case study was a scenario in which awareness in autonomic computing research and technology plays a role and could be (effectively) used. Even though teams focused on specific aspects and worked through a clear challenge during the week, the wider relevance of the used technology was also encouraged. Teams were invited to consider all sorts of applicable aspects (e.g., embedded societal implications). Mentors were prepared to support their teams throughout the week, guiding students to undergo the summer school as a wide learning experience. Mentoring sessions were allocated each day in order to give mentors the opportunity to meet their teams, answer their questions, and follow their progress. Similar to the previous summer school, students were divided into five teams each with five 91

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participants. Aiming to stimulate a maximum interaction and exchange of knowledge, students were assigned to teams according to their programming skills, research projects in which they were involved and their research interests. Each team was assigned to one case study, based on the preferences indicated the teams. Each case study had at least one team assigned to it. On the final day the students wrapped up their projects and were asked to present their results in such a way that they would convince investors from industry to invest money in their ideas. This format enabled us to gather material for industrial training, but also make the participants think about their impact for industry. The results shown by the groups were impressive, especially given the limited amount of time they had to work on their project. Further AWASS 2013 activities The AWASS 2013 program also included a poster session. Students, mentors, lecturers and organizers were asked to bring a poster on the theme of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Me and My Researchâ&#x20AC;? as a means to introduce people to one another and allow everyone to find out more about the research interests of others. Moreover, a research agenda consultation was held, chaired by Giacomo Cabri (WP4 coordinator), in which AWASS 2013 students (and crew) had an opportunity to express their views and ideas regarding the open problems and promising research directions of self-awareness in autonomic systems. This activity complemented the Self-Awareness ideas contest held at the AWASS 2012, also used as a means to identify new challenges in the area. Finally, the social events allowed for a more informal and relaxed interaction among participants, lecturers, mentors and organizers, hopefully establishing a permanent channel of communication and collaboration that outlives the summer school. Abstracts of all lectures and case studies are available on the summer school website: http:// www.aware-project.eu/2012/awass-2013-lucca-italy/

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Summer School Feedback Feedback was received from a majority of summer school participants (16 out of the total 25), and the overall appreciation of the summer school fulfilled our expectations. Note that the table below is an aggregation of more detailed questions with respect to each of the categories. The results of the questionnaire from AWASS 2012 can also be seen and overall evaluation is very positive. Categories (1-Strongly disagree, 2-Disagree, 3-Unsure, 4-Agree, 5-Strongly agree)

Average Score AWASS 2012 4.61

Average Score AWASS 2013 4.04

Provided information before and during summer school

3.92

3.97

Lectures content quality and lecturersâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC; knowledge and experience Case studies content quality and mentoring sessions evaluation PhD forum

4.41

4.29

4.26 n.a.

3.72 3.27

Overall summer school experience

4.08

3.74

Summer school organization

PhD Doctoral Forums The PhD Doctoral Forums help students to present their work and receive useful feedback on their research. This was an initiative developed from year one and continued in year two and three. The first PhD Doctoral Forum was organised during the Bionetics 2011 (6th International ICST Conference on Bio-Inspired Models of Network, Information, and Computing Systems), targetting PhD students working in disciplines that seek the understanding of the fundamental principles and design strategies in biological systems, and attempting to leverage those understandings to build bio-inspired systems. The invited talk was given by Gusz Eiben, and more details appear in WP1. The second forum was organised as part of the 2nd Awareness Workshop on Challenges for Achieving Self-awareness in Autonomic Systems at SASO 2012, welcoming PhD students working in disciplines related to the self-awareness in autonomic systems. The goal of the workshop was to identify key challenges involved in creating self-aware systems which are capable of autonomous management, and consider methods by which these challenges can be addressed. The invited talk was given by Jeremy Pitt. 93

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The third forum was organised as part of the AWASS 2013, welcoming PhD students working in disciplines related to the self-awareness in autonomic systems. In the afternoon of Tuesday, June 25, seven students had the chance to present and discuss their work in a supportive environment and to a friendly audience. Feedback was given to each student by a senior researcher in the community (who acted as a coach), giving advice regarding their current work and future developments.

T3.2 Collection, collation, production and dissemination of training materials The collection, production and dissemination of training materials are spread across all events and activities that WP3 has organised or contributed to. This task deals with different WP3 objectives such as (i) to produce training materials, (ii) to assist with learning presentation material, and (iii) to contribute with web materials including slides, demos, videos to the widest possible audience. As mentioned previously, the AVLS 2011, AWASS 2012 and AWASS 2013 helped in the collection of slides and videos, all of which are made available on the Awareness website and also available for download through the Awareness iPad app. With respect to the production of training materials, a Slides Factory event was organised in year two with the objective of producing slides covering a wide range of subjects relevant to (self-)awareness in autonomic systems. This event, was the first attempt to build a solid body of knowledge for two training events: a layman seminar and an academic course. The Slides Factory was run from 24-26 September 2012 in Barcelona, Spain and included 12 participants, and worked to the following concentrated format: Sept 24: arrivals (morning) + first slides production session (afternoon) Sept 25: full day of slides production Sept 26: last session of slides production (morning) + departures (afternoon/evening)

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In addition to VUA team members, Slides Factory participants included the following, as they had taken part in previous Awareness events and were sufficiently briefed for participation: Giacomo Cabri Rene Doursat Jose Luis Fernandez Marquez Jose Halloy Peter Lewis Jeremy Pitt Mark Read Alan Winfield Martin Wirsing The aim was to cover various angles and approaches of self-awareness in autonomic systems. For this purpose, participants were chosen based on their (different) research experience and interests. Representatives from the Awareness-supported projects with the exception of RECOGNITION took part, and also Giacomo Cabri (WP4) and Jeremy Pitt (WP2), which improved deeper cross-work between AWARE work packages. An intense collaborative process between participants resulted in two complete sets of slides. Topics were chosen relative to the targetted audience, so that for the layman seminar, a more generic set of topics using comprehensible terms and definitions was created. By contrast, the academic course slides assume a more sophisticated understanding of definitions, engineering and evaluation of self-aware systems. In year 3 we had to invest a great amount of time refining all produced slides and glossary. We have opted for a fairly simple, unified slides template. For the layman seminar, we have a more generic set of topics, making use of comprehensible terms and definitions. The slides this set can be used as "building blocks" of a presentation. The user may select his/her preferred slides (e.g., introductory examples and definitions), being able to tailor his/her presentation accordingly. As it could be expected, the academic course goes much deeper into the definitions, engineering and evaluation of self-aware systems. This collection has now a final set of 13 lectures, covering in depth the relevant topics for self-awareness in autonomic systems and touching on research carried out by the Awareness projects. Besides the revision of previously produced slides, we have also concentrated on creating a new set of slides for an industry training. The aim was to obtain a set of slides that could give an overview of self-awareness in autonomic systems, present relevant properties, platforms and simulation tools, and review the domain scenarios considered in the Awareness projects. For this purpose, we used slides from the layman seminar and academic course, sometimes re-organising their content, and also included new slides wherever considered necessary (e.g., new slides regarding Awareness projectsâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC; applications).

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The overall structure of all Slides Factory materials is as follows : Layman Seminar (1 lecture) Self-Awareness in Autonomic Systems

87 slides

Industry Training (4 lectures) A comprehensible introduction to self-awareness in autonomic systems Self-awareness in autonomic systems: general properties, impact and open issues Simulation tools and existing platforms for self-awareness

47 slides 55 slides

Self-awareness in autonomic systems: applications and research projects

37 slides

35 slides

TOTAL Industrial Training

174 slides

Academic course (13 lectures) Self-awareness and computational self-awareness Self-organization and emergence in networked systems Autonomic multi-agent systems Introduction to complex systems and agent-based modeling Overview of methods for engineering autonomic self-aware systems Morphogenetic engineering Introduction to the formal engineering of autonomic systems Pattern-based design of autonomic systems Simulation tools and existing platforms for self-awareness Online adaptation, learning, evolution Systems with internal models Safety and ethics Applications of and challenges in self-awareness TOTAL Academic Course

23 slides 66 slides 39 slides 86 slides 44 slides 58 slides 27 slides 71 slides 34 slides 16 slides 18 slides 18 slides 36 slides 536 slides

A total of nearly 800 slides were created, including a more generic lecture suitable for a layman seminar with 87 slides; four industry-focused training lectures with 174 slides; and 13 separate academic lectures comprising a total of 536 slides designed for an academic course. Note that we have chosen not to include a detailed account on the design and engineering of self-aware autonomic systems in the industry training set. However this does not impose any restriction on the level of training to be given: anyone interested in providing more details regarding various design and engineering approaches can make use of the academic lectures created for this purpose. An extra document, giving details on the Slides Factory, accompanies the slides sets, providing relevant information on the slides produced, the researchers that took part in it and a recommendation on how reference should be made to experts when slides are used.

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T3.3 To work with AWARE-funded projects to develop suitable training events Suitable lecturers for AVLS 2011, AWASS 2012, AWASS 2013 as well as most of the Slides Factory participants were identified with the help of the Awareness-funded projects,. As mentioned previously, all of those events were important sources of available training material. Other events, such as the PhD Doctoral Forums, also provide an important opportunity for the community building effort in these research areas, as well as additional sources of training materials. Details of which Awareness projects were involved in which WP3 activities are provided in the overview grid in the Executive Summary to Final Reporting.

T3.4 To build and maintain a web-based knowledge distribution system Introductory material from the summer schools and workshops, together with material generated in other AWARE events, will be mainly used as teaching materials – created as part of downloadable learning packages for students and teachers, mainly through the website but also extending access via the iPad app. As explained previously, the website architecture is handled by WP1 with content supplied by WP2, WP3 and WP4. Website The website is the main interface from which people can access lectures, slides, videos, p u b l i c a t i o n s a n d o t h e r r e l e v a n t AWA R E information. Under ‘Training‘ on the AWARE website all current materials from summer schools and virtual lecture series are accessible, and on the ‘Resources‘ section the slides and videos from other AWARE events and activities can be obtained. We continue to collect various Awareness-related articles appearing in scientific magazines and popular science publications under ‘Related News’ session on the website. There are currently 80 articles showing and here is a sample of the latest headlines: Ability to perceive minds of others emerges in robot The pearly white humanoid watches placidly as the woman moves a toy brick sitting on the table. Inside, iCub‘s imagination is running wild. The robot is being tested for its ability to track the mental states of others. Known as theory of mind this gives Known as theory of mind this gives humans many sophisticated traits, including empathy and deception Robots have demonstrated theory of mind before but iCub is different. Robot Uses Arms, Location and More to Discover Objects A robot can struggle to discover objects in its surroundings when it relies on computer vision alone. But by taking advantage of all of the information available to it — an object‘s location, size, shape and even whether it can be lifted — a robot can continually discover and refine its understanding of objects, say researchers at Carnegie Mellon University‘s Robotics Institute. 97

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PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT Robotic insect Scientists in the US have created a robot the size of a fly that is able to perform the agile manoeuvres of the ubiquitous insects. This ―robo-flyǁ‖, built from carbon fibre, weighs a fraction of a gram and has superfast electronic ―musclesǁ‖ to power its wings. FlipperBot, the Robotic Sea Turtle Video: Meet One of the first activities of a sea turtle‘s life is crawling across a beach to get to the ocean. With predators, and distracting light pollution, this can be a tough journey for hatchlings to make. But the simple fact that these creatures walk on sand isn‘t trivial either; flippers are best used for swimming.

From Complex Living Systems to Smarter Computers The European collaborative research P r o j e c t ― S WA M - O R G A N ǁ‖ t r i e s t o understand complex living systems such as cells making an organ, or the spatially-controlled growing of a plant, and to apply these principles to technological systems, in particular more intelligent and adaptable robot swarms. Probabilistic Programming for Advanced Machine Learning The Pentagon‘s blue-sky research agency is readying a nearly four-year project to boost artificial intelligence systems by building machines that can teach themselves — while making it easier for ordinary schlubs like us to build them, too. Cloud-Computing Platform for Robots Researchers of five European universities have developed a cloud-computing platform for robots. The platform allows robots connected to the Internet to directly access the powerful computational, storage, and communications infrastructure of modern data centers — the giant server farms behind the likes of Google, Facebook, and Amazon — for robotics tasks and robot learning. Robotic Fish Gain New Sense Scientists have developed robots with a new sense — lateral line sensing. All fish have this sensing organ but so far it had no technological counterpart on human-made underwater vehicles. Brilliant Robot Scraps Can Form Selves Into Anything There are 3-D printers that build things up, adding one sliver of plastic at a time, and 3-D mills that tear things down, grinding away one small chunk at a time. But Skylar Tibbits today offered a very provocative alternative: technology for 3-D printing where the chunks start separated and intelligently arrange themselves into basically any object. HENRi: alone, aware, alive Usually machines become sentient only after their human makers have given them bodies (we‘re looking at you Cylons), but in the new short film HENRi, the awareness comes first, then the arms and legs. 98

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WP3 Website stats The AWASS 2013 homepage (place: 2), the AWASS 2012 homepage (place: 3) the AVLS homepage (place: 5), the AWASS 2012 presentations (place: 9) currently feature in the top 10 pages of the AWARE website. An overview of the visits received by the training pages (from top 100 content items): Training pages visited: 16,510 Top 3 Training pages: AWASS 2013 Homepage 3200 AWASS 2012 Homepage 3000 (AWASS 2012 @ Year 2 end: 1 830) Awareness Virtual Lecture Series (AVLS) 1670 (AVLS at Year 2 end: 820) Content accessed intra-site via main navigation (number of clicks): AWASS 2013: 2650 Slides factory: 210 AWASS 2012: 2640 Lecture Series 2011: 1630 Related news: 50 The AWASS 2013 Homepage also features as the top page under â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Activitiesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; AVLS 2011 (from top 100 pages): Actual aggregated page visits: 4720 Number of direct video plays: 885 Number of presentation (slide) views from Slideshare:

2084

Slides Factory (views of slides since uploading Sept 2013) Total: 1171 Total number of news article links: 109

iPad App The iPad app offers an alternative platform for accessing all training materials in ways that are more suitable for mobile devices. It remains important to notice that the website is our primary interface for the web-based knowledge distribution system, and to see the app as an additional way of accessing all materials already available on the website. The app can be used by the lectures and their students in classrooms, but has not been restricted to that purpose. It is, in fact, intended for anyone interested in accessing Awareness-related materials, much the same way as the website is. The app is publicly available to anyone interested in the covered concepts. 99

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“Awareness App” is the title in use on the App Store and the app has now six main sections: • • • • • •

Summer school 2013 resources: for talks and case studies of this year‘s summer school, Summer school 2012 resources: for talks and case studies of last year‘s summer school, Slides: where slides for the academic course and layman's seminar are included, Videos: for accessing various video-lectures and interviews, Glossary, which contains a consistent selection of relevant terms and definitions used throughout the training materials, and Notes: a simple text editing feature that allows users to keep their notes on materials.

The app structure also allows for other content to be included: • Articles: where relevant references can be listed and made available (depending on copyright restrictions/requirements), • Demos: to support the illustration and communication of concepts of self-aware systems, New content can be added to the app at any time, without having to update the app itself in the App Store. This makes quick update cycles possible. At the moment, there are no demos available on the app. And, even though a number of references are provided in various slides available online and on the app, no specific list is of articles has been provided. Perhaps, adding demos and articles might still be accomplished in the future – depending on the advances made by the Awareness projects.

Training Impact Summary As the description of activities above shows, there have been a wide variety of training activities within the AWARE training work package, and in summary, the following impact has been made: •

Training of junior researchers working within the domain of self-awareness as well as outside that domain by means of summer schools and PhD fora.

•

Cross fertilization between Awareness-funded projects by means of bringing senior and junior researchers working within these projects together to exchange knowledge using the Summer Schools, Slides Factory and the PhD fora.

•

The training work package has resulted in a wealth of training material for use for laymen, an academic course as well as an industrial training event.

•

The training material incorporates knowledge gained from Awareness-funded projects contributing to a more effective dissemination of knowledge.

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Work Package Summary WP3 Deliverables D3.1 Activity report for year 1 with summaries from training events, review of training materials collated and disseminated Achieved D3.2 Activity report for year 2 with summaries from training events, review of training materials collated and disseminated Achieved D3.3 Activity report for year 3 including summaries from all periods of training events, review of training materials collated and disseminated Achieved

Â Â Â WP3 Milestones achieved

M3.1 Launch of Web-based knowledge distribution system visible at website by month 9 Achieved M3.2 Identification of tutorial lecturers by month 12 Achieved M3.3 Summer school and training events details available on website and in newsletters by month 12 Achieved M3.4 Integrated dissemination of collected training material by month 18 Achieved

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WP4 EMERGING RESEARCH THEMES Work Package Leader: WP4 Objectives:

Prof Giacomo Cabri, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Italy Assisted by Letizia Leonardi (Unimore), Callum Egan (Napier), Jennifer Willies (Napier)

• The key goal of this work package is research pathfinding, that is, to involve the AWARE community in the identification of strategic research directions, and of the potential for interdisciplinary cooperation across communities involved in Awarenessrelated research themes but whom currently are only loosely connected. In particular, WP4 will revolve around the following specific objectives: • To identify emerging research problems, key knowledge gaps and strategic developmental areas for problems related to self-aware and autonomic systems. • To promote consultations and exchange of ideas from key researchers active in FET research, particularly across the AWARE community. • To identify the potential synergies and complementarities within the research groups involved in the AWARE community, as well as with groups involved in other FET Proactive Initiatives.

WP4 Tasks over project lifetime: T4.1 Surveying and roadmapping, undertaking an overview of research and issues related to selfawareness in autonomic systems, producing surveys and roadmap documentation with annual updates. T4.2 Organising consultation events bringing together key researchers to identify key research issues T4.3 Organising open web consultations to promote continuous dialogues including blog- and video clipsbased within the AWARE communities T4.4 Coordinating international research cooperation to monitor and review relevant international research activities and initiatives

WP4 Deliverables for period 3 D4.5 Final activity report D4.6 Roadmapping documentation

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DELIVERABLE 4.5 : WP4 final activity report on research agenda and international cooperation Executive summary The key goal of this work package is to consult and involve the Awareness community in identifying strategic research directions, some key research challenges and determining where inter-disciplinary and international cooperation is possible. To this end, four tasks have provided the framework to help develop a research agenda and these include T4.1 Surveying and roadmapping, undertaking an overview of research related to self-awareness in autonomic systems T4.2 Organising consultation events bringing together key researchers to identify key issues T4.3 Providing for open and continuous web dialogues including blogs and video within the Awareness communities T4.4 Promoting international research cooperation activities WP4 works closely with the other work packages and plays an integrating role vis-a-vis event planning, dissemination and training activities. Invited speaker selection, summer school topics, Slide Factory presentations are all collated on information derived from WP4 tasks. Summary of main achievements in period 3: • The major effort for WP4 in period 3 was spent refining material for the research agenda and clarifying research themes as advised by the reviewers at the end of period 2. This was carried out in period 3, with 11 themes identified. Moreover, we looked for an effective way to visualise the classification of research themes, since the aim is not to define a “winner”. The pie charts and radar graphs included in this report and D4.6 provide a representational overview of research topics in this area. • The collection of research opinions continued and during period 3 one hundred and one research challenges for Awareness were compiled, many appearing at a video wall on the website. • Surveying publications relevant to self-awareness topics and good collaboration with WP1 meant WP4 was able to propose suitable events and identify good workshop speakers. In the training events (Summer Schools and Slide Factory) organised by WP3, material was exploited for the research agenda, and discussions held with participants. • Clarifying and implementing a strategy for international collaboration potential was another key task during period 3 and details are included in T4.4

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Details by work package task T4.1 Surveying and roadmapping: The key goal of WP4 is seeking contributions to the collective research path-finding process relevant to self-aware and autonomic systems. It is achieved by involving the Awareness community in the identification of strategic research directions and the potential for interdisciplinary cooperation across loosely-connected communities, identifying potential synergies and complementarities within Europe, and more globally. Surveying An initial activity undertaken was to survey relevant papers to share some research ideas. The aim was not only to provide abstracts but also to help identify ways in which these papers could be useful for self-awareness research. Two approaches were used: background papers were collected, mainly from the Awareness projects, to help define some initial research bases and to mark the starting point of project research. Ongoing papers were those published during the life of the project, which were relevant for Awareness research topics. Response from the Awareness projects was not as helpful as anticipated, so additional work from the Coordination Action was needed to add in suitable and relevant published work. (The Awareness surveys of papers can be found at www.aware-project.eu/category/ research-agenda-2/paper-reviews-research-agenda-2/) A second main activity, closely connected with T4.4, has been to identify world-wide researchers or research groups potentially interested in collaboration in specific or general topics related to self-awareness. As described later in T4.4, we have identified a list of 35 researchers, mainly well-recognized experts in fields connected to self-awareness, yet also including researchers who have been involved in Awareness workshops, authors contributing to the Awareness Magazine. As this list is for future networking reference, we have also included some researchers from Awareness projects. We also provided a userfriendly overview snapshot (in collaboration with WP1) for researchers and web-users to appreciate the international spread of collaboration potential. The InfoGraphic visualisation tool is described in more detail in T4.4 In addition to these tasks of surveying papers and international researchers, we worked with WP1 to identify a list of events and news relevant to the field of self-awareness in autonomic systems. And in collaboration with WP2, we contacted potential authors for the Awareness Magazine. 104

WP4 EMERGING RESEARCH THEMES Roadmapping The roadmapping activity has aimed to identify research directions and define a useful classification of themes for a Research Agenda relevant to self-aware autonomic systems. The roadmapping consultations were carried out by a variety of means : at Awareness project meetings, at events, using video interviews and collating ideas from the collection of Awareness 101 challenges. The starting point during the first year was identifying Awareness topics of interest. Topics and keywords suggested by the Awareness projects in the initial inter-project kickoff meeting were iteratively discussed and refined over subsequent periods; they were classified in areas and themes. The definition of the areas and themes, their structure, and the consequent classification of the keywords, was considerably reworked during a consultation event at the AWASS summer school in Lucca, June 2013. Participants and lecturers analysed the structure and proposed modifications for a sounder and more coherent classification of keywords. Finally, the AWARE executive board undertook a final refinement in September 2013. The final result is a new classification, which better differentiates between theoretical and practice aspects. Referring to the areas, the first one is now called Theory/concepts instead of Properties, and also the themes have been reorganized. Moreover, we joined the former Development area and Support area in a single area called Practice/development. Finally, the last area was renamed as Interdisciplinary connections, referring to the influences that other sciences can have to research in self-awareness for autonomic computing, and vice versa. The new classification is shown to the right: Table 1 Awareness Research Themes and Keywords

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These eleven themes have underpinned information collection across all Awareness activities, since they provide a consistent and relevant structure for connecting projects, groups and individual researchers, tracing where research relationships cross-over. Moreover, Awareness activities, events and outputs can be tagged by these eleven themes to provide a more unifying view of research activity. The Research Agenda is now structured around the eleven themes: • • • • • • • • • • •

Adaptation Evolution/Emergence Awareness Learning/Behaviour Distribution and collectives System Properties Modelling Techniques Architectures Social Science Biology

These themes help provide improved and focused searching, for example: • Identifying researchers who could provide video opinions/101 Challenges to cover Awareness research topics and particularly those in “missing” areas • Identifying researchers working on particular themes that could be used as invited speakers at Awareness-related workshops and training events or encouraging international exchanges (in conjunction with WP1 & WP3) • Identifying published material from international researchers to promote on the Awareness website (in conjunction with WP1 & WP2) • Identifying researchers on themes not well represented in the Magazine that could be invited to write articles (in conjunction with WP2) • Identifying research topics that would feature in the Awareness Book (in conjunction with WP2) The roadmapping activities have led to a Research Agenda document (Milestone M4.5 Roadmap available), which is reported in Deliverable 4.6, was sent to all involved projects and is available online at http://www.aware-project.eu/research-agenda/

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T4.2 Organising consultation events Awareness sponsored a number of consultation events, mainly in collaboration with other work packages, these included: • • • • • • • • •

First Awareness meeting in Amsterdam on December 2010 (with project representatives) Second Awareness meeting in Amsterdam on September 2011 (with Awareness Management Board) AWARE workshop at SASO in Ann Arbor October 2011 (with workshop participants) Inter-project meeting in Bologna January 2012 (with workshop participants representing all Awareness projects) Idea contest and discussion session at Summer School in Edinburgh June 2012 EPiCS Workshop on Self-Awareness in Reconfigurable Computing Systems in Oslo September 2012 (with workshop participants) AWARE workshop, PhD forum and Science Café at SASO in Lyon September 2012 Consultation event on Research Agenda structure at AWASS in Lucca, June 2013 AWARE workshop at SASO in Philadelphia, September 2013 (with workshop participants)

Moreover, we attended other events where opportunities for consulting researchers led to useful discussions and dialogues: • • • • • • • • • • • •

WETICE conference in Paris June 2011 WIVACE workshop in Parma February 2012 Second Awareness meeting was held in Amsterdam on September 2011 ASCENS meeting in Florence March 2012 AINA conference in Fukuoka, Japan March 2012 SEAMS conference in Zurich June 2012 ACEC@WETICE track in Toulouse June 2012 EPiCS project meeting in Oslo September 2012 (co-located with the workshop) SAPERE project meeting in Lyon September 2012 (co-located with SASO) Slide Factory in Barcelona September 2012 SAPERE project meeting in Modena February 2013 AINA conference in Barcelona, Spain March 2013

The first Awareness meeting in December 2010 was principally organised to introduce the projects to each other and to understand the nature of their research priorities. Roadmapping was raised to ensure that individuals assumed some community ownership in the exercise. A key achievement of the meeting was a participative exercise which collected a range of keywords related to the Awareness research. The array of terms identified by meeting participants was a useful starting point for the “Awareness Keyword cloud” published on the web site, and it will be further developed in other activities over the next two years including classifications for research papers and tagging for online contributions of research challenges. The set of keywords and their categorization is not fixed, so they can be refined in the future depending on the emerging situations. 107

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PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT An Awareness Advisory Board meeting (September 2011) launched a call for research challenges called “101 Challenges for Self-Aware Autonomic Computing” (abbreviated to “Awareness 101”), which aimed to collect research challenges related to Awareness topics (M4.3 First roadmap consultation meetings). Participants of the AB meeting, proposed a number of challenges and these were discussed in detail.

The AWARE workshop at SASO 2011 in October 2011 was the first peer-reviewed workshop organized by AWARE which helped to develop community-building and contact-networking for Awareness while providing for a more international spectrum of research activities. Awareness projects’ researchers submitted papers on current research and international speaker, Niranjan Suri from IHMC, USA raised interesting perspectives about awareness and self-awareness. The participation was good, with 30 attendees actively involved in discussion. The inter-project meeting held in Bologna in January 2012 was involved representatives from the different Awareness projects to share their research views. Participation on emerging research themes were made by the ASCENS and the SAPERE projects, and also researchers from EPiCS and RECOGNITION, SYMBRION and COCORO. The idea contest was suggested by the first year review, and involved the students who attended the AWASS Summer School in Edinburgh in June 2012. This event was organized in collaboration with WP3 and also involved Advisory Board members who provided some interesting thought-provoking discussions. The EPiCS workshop on Self-Awareness in Reconfigurable Computing Systems in Oslo in September 2012 was a chance to consider selfawareness in reconfigurable computing systems. The AWARE-sponsored invited talk was about selfawareness and adaptive technologies (see T4.3 later). The SASO 2012 in Lyon in September 2012 built on contacts made at the previous edition of SASO, and extended the concepts behind self-awareness to a wider audience. The advantages of colocating the AWARE workshop, a PhD forum and a Science Café meant that we established a good presence at an event attracting over 100 people. The AWARE workshop continued

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from the first one held at SASO 2011, and saw papers from outside the Awareness projects, along with an interesting invited talk about self-awareness in domotics. The Doctoral forum was useful experience for PhD students and to benefit from advice from the “experts”. Moreover, the Science Café was an enjoyable informal discussion on “The Computer After Me”, open to all S A S O delegates and organised in collaboration with WP2, helping us to collect opinions from a range of people.

The AWASS summer school in Lucca was a good consultation opportunity to consider the structure of the Research Agenda. As already mentioned in T4.1, the participants were involved in critically analysing the existing structure of the Research Agenda and to propose modifications in order to make it sounder and more coherent with the classification of the keywords. The workshop organized at SASO 2013 in Philadelphia in September 2013 was a continuation in the series of the AWARENESS workshops organized by the coordination action. As with previous editions, it was a chance for researchers working in the field to meet and exchange experience and ideas. In this edition we proposed a format more oriented to discussion: after a short presentation of each paper, we organized three panels with three authors each, in which authors were invited to answer audience’s questions and to discuss their works. Moreover, in this edition we organized a consultation activity in which we presented the Awareness 101 challenges and asked the participants (approx 25 researchers) to define the five challenges that, in their opinion, were of the highest priority. See T4.3 for the results of this consultation. Another twelve events helped in the dissemination of the AWARE activities and in particular generated ideas and discussion related the Research Agenda. These events are also described in WP1. It is worth mentioning that the WIVACE workshop in Parma helped consolidate previous contact with the German government-funded Organic Computing project to include in Awareness Research Agenda activities. The AINA conference in Japan helped to involve international researchers and promote Research Agenda activities in the Far East. The Slide Factory in the collaboration with WP3 provided very useful exploration of research themes to produce a significant amount of material in a very short time. 109

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T4.3 Organising open web consultations to promote continuous dialogues including blog- and video clips-based within the AWARE communities Video opinions From the outset, video interviews became an effective means to capture opinions, and there are now a significant number of video opinions at the Awareness website. It has not been easy to collect opinions from outside Europe, because self-awareness in autonomic computing still seems to be a topic not addressed outside Europe, and this has provided our own internal challenge. During the first year we collected 11 interviews and by the end of the third year we had collected 57 interviews. Please, note that we have 79 opinions from 57 interviews, because some interviewed researchers expressed more than one opinion. (see www.aware-project.eu/ category/research-agenda-2/video-opinions/) Most of these have been collected in Europe, but the Americas account for 20% of interviews.

Continent

Interviews

AUS

TOTAL

Interviews from the projects constituted approximately one quarter of the total, with ASCENS and SAPERE the most active in interviews by project representatives. Project

Interviews

ASCENS

EPICS

RECOGNITION

COCORO

SAPERE

SYMBRION TOTAL

0 15

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All the interviews have been classified as explained in Task 4.1, that is, tagged with one or more themes, and all are published on the website. The opinions expressed in the interviews have also been classified as well. Opinion numbers per theme, per area and per field (defined by WP2) are reported in the tables and graphs below. Opinions per theme Themes Interviews Adaptation 7 Evolution/Emergence 2 Awareness 19 Learning/Behaviour 3 Distribution and collectives 7 System Properties 12 Modelling 11 Techniques 11 Architectures 1 Social science 5 Biology 1 TOTAL 79

Opinions per area Area Theory/concepts Practice/development Connections TOTAL

Interviews 50 23 6 79

Opinions per field Fields Interviews Artificial Intelligence 8 Computer Organisation 10 Interactive Robotics 12 Networks & Infrastructure 13 Situation Recognition 12 Swarm Robotics 2 TOTAL 57

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Challenges collection During the first year we attempted, somewhat unsuccessfully, to generate comments and discussion in a blog fashion. As discussed at the first review, the take-up was disappointing, and a similar picture is found on the Awareness project websites, concluding that this is not a problem for the coordination action only. It is assumed that people use other social networking media to share opinions. So, rather than waste effort and to avoid prolonging an activity that is no longer perceived as useful, two alternatives were implemented: a) Attending projects’ meetings or conferences they attend to talk directly with researchers and capture interviews in video shorts, most noticeably at : ASCENS meeting in Florence March 2012 EPiCS meeting in Oslo September 2012 (co-located with the workshop) SAPERE meeting in Lyon September 2012 (co-located with SASO) RECOGNITION meeting in Florence June 2013 SAPERE meeting in Modena February 2013 b) “Awareness 101” is the collection of research challenges relevant to self-aware autonomic systems started during the second year in an attempt to find at identify 101 challenges but also playing on the doubleentendre of the expression, meaning the basic lessons from where everyone begins. These appear as text challenges and video shorts and they are collected at events and meetings and are pitched at whatever the researcher feels is appropriate, either relevant to his/her own work, or identifying grand challenges. This has been more successful than web blogging and 101 of them are classified and published on the website, (www.aware-project.eu/research-agenda/ awareness101/ ). The distribution of the challenges per continent and per project is reported in the following: Continent

Challenges

AUS

TOTAL

101

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The Awareness projects contributed to this activity and approximately 40% of the 101 research challenges came from them Project

Challenges

ASCENS

EPICS

RECOGNITION

COCORO

SAPERE

SYMBRION TOTAL

0 39

The numbers of opinions per theme and per area are shown below. Challenges per theme Theme Challenges Adaptation 1 Evolution/Emergence 6 Awareness 16 Learning/Behaviour 1 Distribution and collectives 7 System Properties 13 Modelling 22 Techniques 21 Architectures 6 Social science 8 Biology 0 TOTAL 101

Challenges per area Area Theory/concepts Practice/development Connections TOTAL

Challenges 44 49 8 101

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A consultation event was organised at SASO 2013 in which researchers were asked to review the 101 research challenges collected by Awareness and rank these in terms of importance and relevance. This activity was enthusiastically received by workshop participants and generated a lot of useful discussion. The table below indicates the challenges considered most important. The number beside each challenge refers to the website listing and the presence of two challenges in the same row means that the participants considered them very similar or even the same. Awareness challenges and research directions Challenge

Research directions

1 How can distributed systems with no central controller become collectively selfaware, rather than at individual node level?

Methods to validate that the selfawareness is a system property

30 How to engineer the system to produce the correct emergent behavior? 21 To combine computer science with social science

Funding interdisciplinary projects Use of testbeds and experiments

54 Considering sociological aspects besides technical aspects

Research in big data and social data Languages or design tools for awarenessoriented programming

53 Letting different systems interoperate and collaborate

Research on engineering systems

59 How to manage the relationship between individual and group levels 71 To address real problems by means of exemplars

Understanding the principles of the systems Interdisciplinary Involvement of the industry

74 How to measure adaptiveness

Definition of models, metrics and tools to measure the degree of adaptiveness of systems

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101 Challenges for SelfAware Systems 101. To select the useful data for self-awareness. Alessandro Nacci 100. How to handle the huge amount of information and choices. Jason Miller 99. Convince humans that self-aware systems are not against them. Marco D. Santambrogio 98. Controlling the system behaviour by its model. Sara Montagna 97. How to measure adaptiveness. Giovanna Di Marzo Serugendo 96. How awareness emerges in complex systems. Mirko Viroli 95. Understanding people activities and needs. Simon Dobson 94. How to improve safety by means of awareness. Ichiro Satoh 93. How can self-aware systems enhance the human collective intelligence. Jose Halloy 92. How to implement self-awareness in artificial systems. Alan Winfield 91. How to measure self-awareness. Alan Winfield 90. Awareness of peers in P2P. Juan Manuel Orduna 89. Joining energy-awareness and security. Mauro Migliardi 88. Energy-awareness: how to gather the energy information from all system components in real time. Tomoya Enokido 87. Which applications benefit from self-awareness, and how are they improved by it? EPiCS 86. What makes a system or application self-aware, and what are essential components? EPiCS 85. Can we identify different levels or types of self-awareness? EPiCS 84. What is the definition of self-awareness in a technical or engineering context? EPiCS 83. Not defining if a system is self-aware or not, but in which aspect(s) exhibits self-awareness. Peter Lewis 82. Connection between self-awareness and environment-awareness. Marco D. Santambrogio 81. Which are the metrics and the benchmarks to define the level of self-awareness? Lamia Youseff 80. How can we garantee that the systems fulfill the self-awareness specifications? Stefan Wilderman 79. We must demonstrate that self-awareness is a useful concept, showing what we cannot do with state-of-theart methods. Christian Plessl 78. How to grant correct behaviour in the worst case. Marco Platzner 77. How to exploit self-awareness for usersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; satisfaction. Jeong-A Lee 76. How to exploit self-awareness in modelling complex systems. Dirk Koch 75. We should measure self-awareness on the base of usersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; expectations. Christian Plessl 74. The metrics of awareness must consider also the environment of the measured system. Lamia Youseff 73. Can we distinguish between platform self-awareness and application self-awareness? Tom Davidson 72. To have good and sustainable test bed and test environment for experiments. Nenad Stojnic 71. Introducing economic models. Ivova Brandic 70. Monitoring of large scale adaptive infrastructures and mobile devices. Ivova Brandic 69. To disambiguate the awareness concepts. Ramana Reddy 68. Checking, requirements, model, verification and validation at runtime. Hausi Muller 67. Representation and synchronization of requirements at runtime. Nelly Bencomo 66. To address real problems by means of exemplars. Luciano Baresi 65. To have intelligent runtime environments that support adaptation, keeping and managing the model also at runtime. Carlo Ghezzi 64. To exploit a graphical language in order to achieve automatic generation of engines. Tom Keeley 63. To have an appropriate mathematical base. Franco Bagnoli 62. To enable adaptive systems to learn online. Peter Lewis 61. How to describe and to compare information? Yvonne Bernard 60. How to ensure safety and correctness? Manuele Brambilla 59. How to manage the relationship between individual and group levels? Carlo Pinciroli 58. How to achieve adatpivity at runtime? Martin Wirsing 57. How to engineer decision systems? Henry Bensler 56. How to map raw data to knowledge? Emil Vassev 55. Dealing with high and low levels of contexts. Wei Dai 54. Considering sociological aspects besides technical aspects. Francois Toutain 53. Letting different systems interoperate and collaborate. Guillame Dugue 52. How to measure the level of awareness? E.g. the number of variables AND the algorithm that processes the information from the variables. Gusz Eiben

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51. Measuring and finding metrics for the different kinds of awareness. Franco Zambonelli 50. The difficulty of writing precise requirements about flexibility. Peter Lewis 49. The difficulty of proving all the properties of an emergent system. Jose Luis Fernandez 48. How to improve the communication between local and global systems in swarm robotics?: Matthias Holzl 47. Monitoring and controlling emergent properties and specifying and controlling adaptation: Martin Wirsing 46. How to know whether a system is aware and the issue of global and local awareness: Rocco De Nicola 45. How can services understand what they really need?: Gabriella Castelli 44. How do we formally understand what trust is?: Alois Ferscha 43. How robot controllers (mind) and mechanical parts (body) can co-evolve? : Evert Haasdijk 42. Using competition across the fields to push the research further and faster: Julie McCann 41. How is this research going to contribute to the challenges of global warming and sustainability?: Jeremy Pitt 40. To have efficient computation: Frederic Gruau 39. How modeling can be considered in the development: Alan Brook 38. To bring together experimental and theoretical communities: Colette Johnen 37. To develop ubiquitous platforms: Stefan Dulman 36. Adaptability, evolvability, diversity, spatiality: Akla-Esso Tchao 35. To have an operation definition of self-awareness: Giuseppe Valetto 34. What actually is a self-organising system and how to build it? Ingo Scholtes 33. To model the context and to validate the model itself: Daniel Dubois 32. To define real grounded application scenarios: Marco Mamei 31. Definition and metrics of self-awareness: Paul Snyder 30. How to engineer the system to produce the correct emergent behavior? Christopher Hollander 29.To make systems actually know what happens inside them: Rolf Kiefhaber 28. How can we say that a system is self-aware? Peter Lewis 27. Collective self-awareness from not self-aware components: Peter Lewis 26. Systems that exhibit self-awareness as emerging properties: Peter Lewis 25. How do components make themselves aware of the surrounding (open) environment?: Xinghui Zhao 24. To analyze the emerging patterns in evolving behaviors: Andres Ramirez 23. To be aware of what awareness actually means: Jean Botev 22. To be aware of neighbours: Venkatraman Iyer 21. To combine computer science with social science: Frank Schweitzer 20. How to make aware components behave to reach a global optimum? Julia Shaumeier 19. How we can learn from human self-awareness? Nils Rosemann 18. To develop techniques to control self-organization: Holger Prothmann 17. To model, test and verify self-aware systems: Giovanna di Marzo Serugendo 16. To bring computers near a level where humans are, not humans down: Glen Fink 15. To define when autonomic systems are beneficial or detrimental to a given domain or application: Cortney Riggs 14. To develop methodologies and tools to engineer systems: Sven Bruckner 13. To build a better theory to analyze the data from the models and from real world: Sven Bruckner 12. To build better models to understand the basic principles of self-*: Sven Bruckner 11. Grand challenge in Self-Awareness? Real-world apps, with real hard requirements â&#x20AC;&#x201C; best research driver there is! Tom Holvoet 10. Find construction rules of artificial self-aware systems by revealing the common core in natural collective systems: Thomas Schmickl 9. Evolving the step from environmental awareness to self-awareness: Thomas Schmickl 8. The role of conservation laws in collective awareness-exchange of mass & energy vs. exchange of information: Thomas Schmickl 7. Evolving a collective system that exhibits self-awareness and environmental awareness from scratch: Thomas Schmickl 6. Sensors, sensors, sensors: given the volume of interesting data available, how can services understand what they need: SAPERE 5. In systems with dynamic service composition, how can we achieve system-level self-awareness of service components? Giacomo Cabri 4. Create collective embodied systems where self-healing emerges in response to adverse internal/external conditions: Jon Timmis 3. Incentivising users to cooperate by providing access to location data/social groups to study natural human mobility: Walter Colombo 2. To understand self-awareness in autonomic systems we must first understand the boundaries of self-over time, context and scale: Ben Paechter 1. How can distributed systems with no central controller become collectively self-aware, rather than at individual node level? Emma Hart

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T4.4 Coordinating international research cooperation to monitor and review relevant international research activities and initiatives The aim of task T4.4 is to monitor and review the research initiatives worldwide and the activities of specific projects related to the Awareness topics of interest. Following suggestions made at year 2 review, the two-pronged international cooperation strategy put in place to accomplish the task, was made more explicit a) A Theme-Related Cooperation Strategy which was based on the eleven themes relevant to Awareness identified via consultation with the Awareness-funded projects (and including members of other projects working in related areas, eg SYMBRION, CoCoRO), and also identified by research groups and individuals in institutions outside of Europe working on topics related to these themes. These themes are described more fully in T4.1 above. This approach used the classifying system to tag activities consistently, to identify work and individuals relative to particular topics, and to help identify gaps in knowledge in Europe that could be addressed by improved international cooperation. b) An Event-Related Cooperation Strategy Based on relevant Awareness conferences, workshops and events identified in collaboration with WP1 (see deliverable D1.2) and as described more fully in T4.2 above. This approach augmented efforts undertaken in WP1 to collate information from the Awareness projects to establish a core set of conferences deemed to be relevant to most researchers, rather than focus only on niche areas. Incorporating an international focus helped strengthen the research agenda and identified useful opportunities to expose international researchers to current work in Europe as well as helping European researchers engage with Awareness-related work outside of Europe. It is difficult to provide precise metrics to gauge the impact that the AWARE coordination action has made in helping to stimulate international linkages between different research communities. Moreover, time considerations are too open-ended to be able to predict developments over a longer period. However we expect that improved global overview of Awareness research activity can be a useful outcome to anticipate. In particular the monitoring and reviewing tasks have produced the following: â&#x20AC;˘

A web-based visualisation of researchers and research groups relevant to selfawareness in autonomic computing, which is a useful snapshot of international areas of expertise, web-based and exploitable by anyone with an interest in this field. Starting from the survey explained in T4.1 and in collaboration with WP1, we have developed an ad-hoc tool, the Awareness Infographic, which is a visualisation tool based on the identified research themes that geographically represent where research is being undertaken relevant to each theme. It provides a useful geographic snapshot of where research is carried out in different themes and it also incorporates the facility for researchers to add themselves to the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Awareness mapâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. (see http://vizawareness.appspot.com/).

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•

A more rounded research agenda, containing 17 opinions and 23 challenges from outside of Europe. We think that these contributions help to enrich the global vision of self-awareness, but also help stimulate other researchers outside of Europe who appear to be less aware of this topic than in Europe.

•

Increased exposure of Awareness beyond Europe via publicity at events. This promotional activity was carried out at several international conferences, most notably at: • SASO 2011 Ann Arbor, USA October 2011 • AINA conference (March 2012 in Japan) • SASO 2013 Philadelphia, USA September 2013

•

Improved international exchange between individuals, students attending events sponsored by AWARE (details in WP1), most notably: • Bi-lateral workshop held at MIT, USA • Research exchange between an EPiCS researcher visiting Chosun University at Gwangju in Korea • Research exchange involving a Brazilian researcher visiting an ASCENS project member in Berlin • Winner of Best Student Paper Award at WETICE 2012 from University of Notre Dame, USA

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WP4 EMERGING RESEARCH THEMES •

PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT

Inclusion of published material from researchers outside Europe on the Awareness website, the Magazine and especially the Awareness Book authors: Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu and Aditya Ghose (University of Otago & University of Wollongong) Katina Michael, MG Michael (University of Wollongong, Australia) Christine Perakslis (Johnson & Wales University, Providence RI, USA) Justin W Hart and Brian Scassellati (Yale University, USA) Kirstie L Bellman (Topcy House Consulting, Thousand Oaks, California, USA)

•Proposing researchers from Awareness projects as invited speakers at international events, and international speakers at Awareness events Niranjan Suri from the Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, Florida, USA, was the invited speaker at the AWARE workshop at SASO 2011; his talk was about “An Agile Computing Approach to Engineering Adaptive and Resilient Computing Systems” Lamia Youseff, from Google, Seattle, USA, was invited as speaker at the EPiCS Workshop on Self-Awareness in Reconfigurable Computing Systems, taking place in Oslo, Norway at the 2012 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications; her talk was about “Self-awareness and Adaptive Technologies: the Future of Operating Systems?” Joerg Denzinger from University of Calgary, Canada was sponsored as invited speaker at ICAC 2012 (The 9th ACM International Conference on Autonomic Computing, San Jose, California, USA), and he talked about “Testing cooperative autonomous systems for unwanted emergent behaviour and dangerous selfadaptations” Ichiro Satoh from the Japanese National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo, Japan, was invited to give a talk at the AWARE workshop at SASO 2012 in Lyon, entitled “Experiences from Context-aware Services in the Real World”. Additionally, in November 2012 Ichiro Satoh participated in a consultation event involving researchers from the ASCENS and SAPERE projects. Notable world-class European speakers were also invited to AWARE events including Marco Aiello from the University of Groningen, The Netherlands, who gave a talk at the AWARE workshop at SASO 2012 in Lyon, entitled “Are homes smart if they are aware?”. In collaboration with WP3 invited keynote speaker for the Awareness Summer School 2012 was Maarten Van Steen from the Vrije Universiteit of Amsterdam). He is an international expert in distributed systems, and his talk was useful not only for the AWASS students, but also for Advisory Board members who formed part of the audience for summer school lectures.

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DELIVERABLE D4.6 Awareness Research Agenda The Awareness Research Agenda is uploaded in electronic format for reviewers via Dropbox as deliverable D4.6

Work Package Summary WP4 Deliverables D4.1 Website open for research agenda consultations available by month 6 Achieved D4.2 Activity report for year 1 with provisional results by month 12 Achieved D4.3 First report on international research cooperation by month 18 Achieved D4.4 Activity report for year 2 by month 24 Achieved D4.5 Activity report for year 3 by month 36 including summaries from all periods Achieved D4.6 Final roadmapping document by month 36 Achieved WP4 Milestones achieved

M4.1 Research consultations launched on website visible by month 6 Achieved M4.2 First assessment on research issues visible at website by month 12 Achieved M4.3 First roadmap/research agenda consultation meetings taking place by month 12 Achieved M4.4A International cooperation from month 6 with international speakers on event programmes Achieved M4.4B Productive research exchanges visible at website from month 6 Achieved M4.5 Roadmapping material available within months 24-36 Achieved

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Section 4

Project management

WP5 MANAGEMENT & MONITORING Work Package Leader: WP5 Objectives:

Prof Ben Paechter, Edinburgh Napier University (Napier), UK Assisted by Prof Emma Hart (Napier), Jennifer Willies (Napier)

• To provide efficient administration and good management so as to ensure project aims are met within specified timescale and resources allowed, to quality standards expected of an FET project. • Provide clear communication and a harmonising environment for AWARE community, inspiring participation and involvement. • Liaison with the European Commission and keeping Project Officers fully informed.

WP5 Tasks over project lifetime: T5.1 Administrative and financial management T5.2 Internal Project coordination T5.3 Risk assessment, evaluation and contingency planning T5.4 Project reporting and external relations

WP5 Deliverables for period 2 D5.3 Final management activity report

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DELIVERABLE D5.3 : final management report Work package five provides the management, administration and monitoring processes for effective implementation of the AWARE Coordination Action. Four tasks take place concurrently throughout the 36 months of the project, and progress has kept pace with expectations, minor deviations occurred and all consortium partners are well-motivated and performing to target. Summary of WP5 tasks T5.1 Administrative and financial management T5.2 Internal Project coordination T5.3 Risk assessment, evaluation and contingency planning T5.4 Project reporting and external relations WP5 provides an activity report as a deliverable in each period, summarising progress and outlining where deviations occurred. The three WP5 milestones are on target: M5.1 Initial risk assessment undertaken M5.2 First Management meetings convened M5.3 Successful reviews by external Advisory Board (achieved) and by EC reviewers (first and second years “good progress”) Summary of AWARE achievements Th management report provides an overview of activities carried out over three years, while also making reference to those undertaken in the third year. The aim is to make it easier for reviewing the activities which do not always fall neatly into specific time periods. For example, some events were run in period 3, but most of the planning was undertaken in period 2. The work undertaken for the Awareness Magazine or the Slides Factory was on-going and should be seen as a whole, rather than an activity specific to a particular period. This approach also helps clarify the range of impact anticipated by AWARE, seeing all activities as collectively contributing to community-building, public dissemination, training and roadmapping. Over three years, 60 different activities took place spanning peer-reviewed workshops; hosting keynote conference speakers; sponsoring several best paper awards; running summer schools and doctoral forums; organising public talks at major international science festivals; producing training materials; networking and interacting with Awareness projects and researchers at international events. Individual work package deliverables provide an activity report for each work package, and the summary of achievements includes: • Setting up the project website (www.aware-project.eu), a constant presence and focal point for the community, with 100,000 page views in three years and providing information across a range of topics for a variety of users via a mixture of articles, CfPs, video, audio and slide-presentations and social media • Extending access via a mixture of access media to attract broader range of people and in ways which are specific to mobile devices including Facebook, Twitter, Vimeo, and the Awareness IPAD App • More than 29,000 visits to the Awareness website, with a significant increase in traffic 15,500 unique visitors (these figures exclude the Awareness Magazine hosted from a separate website, see below) • Eleven research classification themes defined, clustered into three areas, to tag, structure and integrate website content 122

WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2

• Working with ASCENS, EPiCS, SAPERE, RECOGNITION and extending Awareness to cover other relevant research projects including COCORO, SYMBRION and Organic Computing • Holding an inter-project workshop supported by all the projects and resulting useful input to the Awareness research agenda, with further ones planned • Cooperation with other EC-funded projects and Coordination Actions • Organising two summer schools and three doctoral forums to train the next generation of researchers and extending skills to the whole community • Running a virtual lecture series with eight lectures to highlight relevant new work and to serve as a useful resource for research and teaching; there were 4720 page visits • Producing over 800 slides in a set of 19 separate lectures including a layman seminar with 87 slides; and four industry-aimed training lectures containing 174 slides; and a 13 lecture academic course containing 536 slides • Links to over 109 interesting news articles from the scientific and general press on the Awareness website • Support for ten exchange visits encouraging greater interdisciplinary research and including two multi-lateral workshops involving students and to help build relationships across continents • Preparing and distributing ten newsletters and 30 e-bulletin mailings to provide regular updates of research news and events to the Awareness membership base of over 900, totaling 21,100 individual mailings and over 5000 newsletter online views. • Setting up the online Awareness Magazine including 52 feature articles on selfawareness research, attracting over 2500 unique visitors per month, averaging 9000 visits per month • Publishing an Awareness Book by Imperial College Press comprised of 17 selected chapters presenting research results and considering wider socio-technical, sociopolitical and/or environmental impact, and running authoring workshops to fine-tune ideas with the research community and to feed into the Awareness research agenda • Preparing 180 project video documentaries, generating 5500 plays , including 57 research agenda interviews (all classified and tagged) and 82 “Awareness 101” video shorts describing research challenges from the Awareness community on the video wall and blog • Preparing four general documentaries for public dissemination (an Awareness promotional short, Self-Awareness in Four Minutes, The Computer After Me, The Thinking Robot) intended to create a thematic overview of Awareness research to engage a wider audience • Undertaking research surveys, interviews, and consultations which defined eleven main research themes to underpin a research agenda which outlines future research including the potential for international cooperation • Increasing international participation (especially Asia and USA) including invited speakers, students at summer schools, participation in research exchanges and networking and hosting international events

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WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2 Problems and/or deviations to workplan The Awareness Magazine was slightly behind schedule at the first review, but caught up during period 2 and nearly all Magazine articles are displayed at the website, with a few still in production which are expected to be online no later than December 2013. All 52 Magazine articles are included in Appendix II. In addition, there are links to 109 interesting news articles from the scientific and general press on the Awareness website. As reported during period 1 review, there were problems in trying to run the first summer school too early and before the Awareness projects were ready to participate, so replacement activities were organised for periods 1 & 2, including the Virtual Lecture series which extended good quality lectures across a wider audience. In addition, the Doctoral Forum also planned as a replacement activity during December 2011, proved successful and was repeated again in September 2012 and featured also in period 3 during the summer school AWASS 2013. By contrast with the first year, there was no problem in running the two summer schools in periods 2 and 3, and participant numbers had to be limited to ensure a quality event. All projects under the Awareness umbrella were involved and it provided a great community-building espirit d’corp, resulting in individuals continuing to work together. Since participation in the originally planned website “blog” was weaker than expected, a decision was taken to capture ideas more actively and, in particular, to identify research challenges and involve the community better. The “Awareness 101” activity was launched aiming to capture 101 views on research challenges from the perspective of the research community. Compiled from a series of interviews collected at Awareness events and other activities, the 101 challenges were obtained during period 3 and all appear at the website, and were used in research agenda consultation activities to determine important directions for future research. The Awareness Research Exchanges also proved not to be as appealing as anticipated, despite what we believed were significant efforts in promoting it. Though hard to understand why, the project accepted that take up was poor and re-evaluated the strategy for the final year and proposed to re-allocate some of the resources set aside for Research Exchanges to fund a series of ‘mini-workshops’ during period 3. Two of these were run in period 3 with strong student participation including ten persons coming together at Imperial College London to address fundamental issues in the application of computational awareness to the visualisation of complex domain data, with the target application of autonomic power grids. them, but they would be run as open events and calls for participation would be issued via the Awareness website. A second mini-workshop was held at MIT in the USA, bringing together a research lab at the Politechnico di Milano and the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence laboratory (CSAIL) at MIT to find common areas for future collaboration. All AWARE work packages fulfilled their deliverables and met task objectives and the consortium enthusiastically took part in the activities, working closely with Awareness project collleagues. Milestone and deliverable tables follow in the next section; all were achieved. Two notable areas of concern appeared in period 3, the first being the number of events in planning that did not work out due to circumstances beyond the control of the Coordination Action. As described in detail in Deliverable D1.4, these included ICAS 2013 in Lisbon in March 2013 : quality concerns Dana Centre in London in May 2013 : affected by funding cut-backs SEAMS 2013 in San Francisco in May 2013 : organisational difficulties 124

WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2 IEEE context aware workshop in Budapest in June 2013 : workshop cancelled The Self-aware Internet of Things 2013 (Self-IoT) at ICAC2013 in San Jose in June 2013 : programming difficulties MOSPAS 2013 IEEE International Workshop on Modeling and Simulation of Peer-to-Peer and Autonomic Systems in July 2013 in Helsinki : programming difficulties The British Science Festival in Newcastle in September 2013 : venue restrictions Replacement events and activities were found with the following and the final activities were not adversely affected: Power-Grids mini-workshop in London in Nov 2013 AINA 2013 in Barcelona in March 2013 MIT mini-workshop in USA in May 2013 RECOGNITION workshop in Florence in June 2013 ACEC/WETICE 2013 in Tunisia in June 2013 AWASS 2013 in Lucca in June 2013 Doctoral forum in Lucca in June 2013 EPiCS workshop in Porto in Sept 2013 SASO workshop in Philadelphia in Sept 2013 Panel discussion (social implications), at SASO, in Sept 3013 in Philadelphia four research exchanges including two international plus other events where Awareness research was promoted The second area of deviation was the additional effort expended by project partners compared to the person months anticipated in the work plan. These additional hours are explained by additional activity required to fulfill the extra events run by the Coordination Action. Primarily these were manned by less senior staff than the original budgeting forecast (ie RAs working at cheaper rates than professors, allowing for twice as many hours being worked). However this provides more effort for CA activities using the same budget. The extra effort also reflects the enthusiasm of the consortium to take on activities without full financial reimbursement. All AWARE work packages fulfilled their deliverables and met task objectives and the consortium enthusiastically took part in the activities, working closely with Awareness project collleagues. Milestone and deliverable tables follows in the next section; all were achieved. There were no changes in the consortium, though a legal change of name at VUA took place administratively. Recommendations of reviewers Following the period 1 and 2 reviews, the following recommendations were made by the reviewers, and improvements have been incorporated into year two and three activities. Specific details are elaborated in the work package activity reports in the following chapters and are also reported in the Project Management section 4. Period 1 reviewer comments: • Clarification of motivation, strategy and planning of workshops and external events : An addendum to period 1’s deliverable D1.2 was submitted in Period 2 and is also summarised in task 1.4 in the current WP1 activity report, deliverable D1.4. • Quantitative indicators for the ‘success level’ of project activities, eg number of participants attending training and community building activities, and –for workshops- the number of participants, number of submissions, acceptance rate, etc : Details have been incorporated into all WP reporting. 125

WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2 • Exploit better the synergies between work packages, eg WP2 and WP4 could jointly shape and structure material related to dissemination and emerging research scientific themes, including the Aware magazine and book : Tighter work package integration has been adopted between all WPs, as indicated in activity reports. • Provide a clear assessment of the societal relevance of the research avenues supported by the coordination project, eg linking to news or articles in popular scientific journals dealing with topics (like climate change or pollution) where the notions of selfawareness and autonomic systems play a central direct or indirect role : The WP2 Magazine articles and WP3 links to popular science features include items with societal relevance and several speakers with relevant topics were chosen at WP1 events (eg Marco Aiello and Ichiro Satoh at SASO workshop). The documentary website launched in period 3 specifically addressed this topic in several videos including the documentary The Computer After Me, as well as the book of the same name. • Augment the visibility of FET-Awareness outside Europe and strengthen the relationships with the relevant research communities worldwide (in particular in the US, Japan and Korea), eg by inviting researchers active in the field outside Europe to contribute to articles, video interviews and summer schools, boosting synergies and collaboration between research in self-awareness and autonomic systems : An international approach has been adopted by all WPs with activity reports providing examples. • The consortium is encouraged to keep on using and experimenting with advanced ICT technologies.... But the consortium should duly consider accessibility issues : All materials created by AWARE are accessible from the website, and developments such as the Twitter, Facebook and IPAD app provide additional route for access to encourage greater use. Period 2 reviewer comments: • Improve international exposure by establishing cooperations with top-level research groups active on themes relevant for the scope of the FET Proactive Initiative : greater emphasis has been given across all WPs for international collaboration with key researchers as described for events, research exchanges, Magazine articles, Book chapters, training events and research agenda consultations, and D4.3 from period 2 was resubmitted to clarify a workable strategy • Implement actions targeting researchers working in industry : four industry training lectures comprised of 174 slides were produced by WP3 in period 3 • Streamline the work on the research agenda : strategy was clarified and themes were revised with greater detail given to relevant research topics • Explore the willingness and interest of the AWARE community (and of its young members in particular) to take over (part of) the activities currently run by the project (e.g., website, Summer School etc.) after the project’s end : this has been difficult to achieve since motivating geographically-dispersed individuals without any financial support to run events or pay website costs is a serious uphill challenge. No clear ideas have emerged and AWARE would welcome further suggestions from reviewers on how to tackle this. 126

WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2 Below is a review of the four main work tasks of WP5 T5.1 Administrative and financial management A consortium agreement, based on the standard DESCA model, was concluded before the AWARE grant agreement came into effect. Much of the T5.1 task involves essential administration required of all EC projects including setting up a bank account and coordinating account details between partners, receiving and distributing pre-financing payments, and coordinating financial claims at the end of each reporting period. In addition, monitoring and reconciling financial expenditure, reimbursing travel receipts for Advisory Board members, workshop speakers, summer school lecturers, for research exchanges and other work package activities. This task also includes coordinating effort tables as reported in the effort and resources section of this report. Meeting administration has also been undertaken including organisational and logistical arrangements for meetings, meeting presentations and minutes. T5.2 Internal Project coordination An early decision was taken to use the “Awareness” name for all public activities to establish a clear connection with projects in FET’s proactive initiative of the same name. The objective was to provide a recognizable and unifying brand for the research undertaken by people working in the field. It was agreed that the AWARE name would be used exclusively for the grant agreement between FET and the four Coordination Action partners including reporting and reviews. Outside of this, the Awareness name has been used to provide an identifiable umbrella for Coordination Action activities. Management Structure From the outset, AWARE adopted a simplified structure around five work packages. Observation of other projects had shown that complicated work structure and too many partners can mean a disproportionate amount of time is spent coordinating the coordination action itself, and not the activities. A flexible approach has meant that new ideas arising from discussions can be better accommodated, and WPLs feel fully motivated and able to influence the direction of the coordination action. Management is directed by the Executive Committee and shaped by an Advisory Board: Executive Committee Each consortium partner leads a work package, with the Coordinator also undertaking the management and administration responsibility. Each work package leader represents his/ her WP on the AWARE Executive Committee, with the addition of the AWARE project manager who plays a pivotal role in coordinating activities. The concept of shared liability for the project as a whole was fully endorsed by the Executive Committee, and has helped to integrate the work packages. The Executive Committee provided the decision-making body for AWARE and clarified commitments by each project partner, fine-tuning work package activities, monitoring outputs and agreeing any deviations. The Executive Committee met regularly often at Awareness events for logistical and financial efficiency. However short topic-focused meetings between partners were seen as more efficient than expensive, time-consuming meetings and over the course of the third year, regular communication and decision-making was usually conducted by email and regular SKYPE meetings. The Napier team held weekly / fortnightly meetings, to assess priorities and check progress.

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WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT AWARE Executive and Management formal meetings were held: Amsterdam December 2010 Edinburgh July 2011 Amsterdam September 2010 Brussels November 2011 York December 2011 Bologna January 2012 Edinburgh June 2012 Brussels November 2012 The AWARE consortium benefitted from good communication and consensus decisionmaking between partners, with each having clear work package responsibilities, integrated objectives and shared effort. Napier provided resource support to all work package leaders and contributed significant effort to all work package tasks. Centralising support staff at Napier ensured all tasks are well-supported and maximised intersection points. This also minimised the chance for partners to feel they were working in isolation. The Coordination Team had significant experience in community-building, training, dissemination and networking events and undertook responsibility for website publicity and public outreach for all work packages. Advisory Board In addition to the Executive Committeeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s role in managing the consortium, an AWARE Advisory Board was set up during the first months of the project to provide input by a range of individuals, including representatives from each of the AWARE projects and others active in research relevant research areas covered by the Proactive Initiative. The AWARE Advisory Board provided strategic guidance for Awareness activities and helps the Executive Committee focus

Advisory Board Meeting June 2012

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WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINAL REPORT on key priorities. Membership to the Advisory Board allowed for diverse input from a range of sources, and new members were often co-opted when available for particular meetings. The Advisory Board (AB) met formally three times, in December 2010 and in September 2011 and in June 2012. To minimise the time and expense of meetings involving many people, it was decided to involve AB members in actual activities as they could better appreciate the achievements of the coordination action by participating in its activities. As a result, AB members have been contributing to the Awareness Magazine and the Research Agenda, and providing summer school lectures etc. The third AB meeting held during the AWASS summer school in Edinburgh in June 2012 involved the AB members in lectures and discussions. As a result some of these were invited to participate in the Slide Factory activity to create useful training slides. Awareness Advisory Board Alan Winfield UWE Bristol, UK Alois Ferscha JKU Linz, Austria Ana Paiva INESC-ID, Portugal

associated with:

Andrea Omicini Ben Paechter Emma Hart Falko Dressler Franco Bagnoli

UniversitĂ di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy Edinburgh Napier University, UK Edinburgh Napier University, UK University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany University of Florence, Italy

SAPERE

Franco Zambonelli

UniversitĂ di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy

SAPERE

Frantisek Plasil Giacomo Cabri Giovanna Di Marzo Serugendo Gusz Eiben Jennifer Willies Jeremy Pitt Jon Timmis Marco Plazner Martin Wirsing Nikola Serbedzija Pietro di Lio

Charles University Prague, Czech Republic Universita' di Modena e Reggio, Italy

ASCENS

Rocco De Nicola Roger Whitaker Serge Kernbach Thomas Schmickl Xin Yao

University of Geneva, Switzerland Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands Edinburgh Napier University, UK Imperial College London, UK University of York, UK University of Paderborn, Germany LMU Munich, Germany Fraunhofer FIRST Berlin, Germany University of Cambridge, UK IMT, Institute for Advanced Studies Lucca, Italy Cardiff University, UK University of Stuttgart, Germany Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Austria University of Birmingham, UK

129

SAPERE

AWARE AWARE RECOGNITION

AWARE

AWARE/SYMBRION AWARE AWARE SYMBRION EPiCS ASCENS ASCENS RECOGNITION ASCENS RECOGNITION SYMBRION COCORO EPiCS

WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2 T5.3 Risk assessment, evaluation and contingency planning This task was carried out during the first period to assess potential risks to the AWARE Coordination Action in fulfillment of its responsibilities to FP7 grant agreement. A short report was prepared on the general management issues which a project coordinator faces: • Team coordination (internally within Napier, and also between work package leaders and partners) • Project planning (ensuring activities are suitable for project objectives) • Project monitoring (ensuring activities keep to target and deliverables are met) • Financial tracking (ensuring resources are optimised for best outputs) • Project reporting (coordination and delivery by deadlines) • Quality assurance (delivering high standards and best value) • Risk assessment (anticipating risks to project and risk resolution strategies) Risk assessment identifies risks to the project and quantifies the likelihood of adverse affect, and this was reviewed regularly by the Coordinator and Project Manager, and reported to the Executive Committee. A review of risks was provided as summarized here: * Disagreement between project partners : minimal risk Good relationships exist between individuals involved in AWARE and a collaborative and supportive environment coupled with regular communication means we are all motivated towards the same objectives. Moreover, consensus team-building and decision-making with useful feedback provides for a positive way of working together. In a worst-case scenario, the Consortium Agreement provides terms for conflict resolution, but we have all stated we wish to avoid resorting to these and to sort any disagreement amicably within the Executive Committee * Time drift, delays to activity implementation : some risk Unlikely serious consequences for AWARE but time drift is always a potential problem for projects. It requires internal monitoring by project manager and regular motivation by WPLs and other project partners to ensure the project stays on track. Where delays are caused by factors external to the project such as a workshop proposal being refused, or delays by external sub-contractor, the Executive Committee considers alternatives in time for replacement activities. A proactive approach and Project Manager constantly reviewing all work package tasks and deliverables provides some measure towards mitigating problems before they become serious ones. * Service delivery delay, failure by one or more partner due to under-performance, lack of motivation etc : minimal risk Whereas a problem for some projects, we feel this is unlikely for AWARE because of the tightly-knit activities and our experienced consortium, we simply do not want to let any project members fail and will step in with alternatives. * Project changes scope or direction : minimal risk The direction and aim of AWARE is driven by the technical annex and also by preferences from the Awareness research community. The work plan is organised around project reporting and deliverables and any additional tasks are included due to what Awareness projects or general membership request, and this inevitably will be in keeping with aims and objectives of the project. * Loss of key people from project : possible risk Career moves are to be expected and losing project members is always something that can potentially be faced so ensuring that work tasks are shared in such a way they are not bound up with any individual is important. Cross-functionality and task-sharing between partners, and regular communication, can reduce impact of someone leaving as others can fill in until a replacement is appointed. Coaching and mentoring is part of the work environment, and can help transfer competencies. Although individuals working on AWARE have particular skills suitable for their work package tasks, it is felt that most tasks can be covered by others in extremis. Note: at the end of

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WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2 the first period, Martijn Schut did leave VUA and the AWARE project and the transfer of tasks did go smoothly; partly by internal reorganisation at VUA and partly by Napier stepping in to assist. * Poor use of allocated resources : minimal risk A previous track-record in project management makes this risk unlikely and great attention is given to using resources for maximum outputs, to provide good value. With the Coordinator holding the projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s central activity funding budget, it provides greater flexibility across all project work packages to be able to respond and allocate resources to activities which contribute most to satisfying project objectives. * Higher costs than expected caused by currency exchange fluctuations : some risk Unlikely for AWARE since we considered this in original costings, but currency fluctuations are outside of our control. With two of the four partners based in the UK and outside the Euro currency, a cautious approach was undertaken in budgeting to anticipate a worst case currency scenario for committed sterling costs (mainly salaries). * Insufficient communication or miscommunication leading to confusion in project : minimal risk A consensus management style between partners who already know, trust and respect each other and are fully committed to the project minimises the risk of disruption due to partner disagreements. Each WP has sufficient expertise expected to achieve their WP aims as well as project objectives. The WPLs have confidence in each other and accept the principle of collective responsibility. Their work packages are integrated in such a way to motivate everyone. Communication problems such as working in different directions can also be alleviated by using shared webspace, and this has been set up as a central repository for AWARE work. In the unlikely event of conflict where the ExC cannot arbitrate, the consortium agreement provides for resolution. * External factors : some risk There is always concern that some tangible products or services will not materialise as expected so as to affect the project adversely. This might be difficulties with a workshop venue presenting logistical or financial problems, or an invited speaker being unavailable at the last minute, or print production delays, or web-hosting server problems. Or even worse, a world-wide pandemic affecting travel or the collapse of the Euro! One can never fully identify or quantify all risks to a project, but only note that these can happen, so undertaking risk-awareness in the pre-planning stage can help minimise disruption. Forward planning with the anticipation of likely pitfalls for a particular activity is the most rationale approach along with identifying some alternative options, on a case-by-case basis when planning AWARE activities. At the end of the project, the consortium is pleased to report that activities proceeded to their original targets.

T5.4 Project reporting and external relations Progress has also been made in this task, as evidenced by this report. A large number of events and activities took place as detailed elsewhere in other WP reports and included in the executive summary of this deliverable. In addition, particular effort was made during period 3 to strengthen international relations and the social relevance of the self-aware autonomic computing research.

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Work Package Summary WP5 Deliverables D5.1 Year 1 activity report including risk assessment Achieved D5.2 Year 2 activity report including risk assessment Achieved D5.3 Final activity report Achieved WP5 Milestones achieved so far in periods 1 & 2

M5.1 Initial risk assessment undertaken by month 2 Achieved M5.2 First management meetings undertaken by month 2 Achieved M5.3 Successful internal reviews by Advisory Board and EC reviews following first and second year progress Achieved

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DELIVERABLES WP5 MANAGEMENT, & MILESTONES MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2

Section 5

Deliverables and milestones

AWARE Work package deliverables Del. no Deliverable name

WP no

Lead Beneficiary

Nature

Dissemination level

Delivery month

Submitted

D1.1

AWARE website

WP1

Napier

yes

D2.1

Magazine launch

WP2

Imperial

yes

D4.1

Roadmap consultations

WP4

Unimore

yes

D1.2

WP1 activity report inc newsletters; event programmes; exchange reports, web statistics

WP1

Napier

yes

D2.2

WP2 activity report inc Magazine articles and video clips

WP2

Imperial

yes

D3.1

WP3 activity report inc summer schools, training events and materials

WP3

VUA

yes

D4.2

WP4 activity report inc consultations, survey reports

WP4

Unimore

yes

D5.1

WP5 activity report inc assessments

WP5

Napier

yes

D1.3 programmes; exchange reports, web

WP1

Napier

yes

D2.3 Book proposal & draft documentary script

WP2

Imperial

yes

activity report in c Magazine articles D2.4 WP2 and video clips

WP2

Imperial

yes

activity report inc summer schools, D3.2 WP3 training events and materials

WP3

VUA

yes

report on international research D4.3 First cooperation

WP4

Unimore

yes

activity report inc consultations, survey D4.4 WP4 reports

WP4

Unimore

yes

D5.2 WP5 activity report inc assessments

WP5

Napier

yes

WP1 activity report inc newsletters; event statistics

D1.4

WP1 activity final report in newsletters; event programmes; exchange reports, web statistics

WP1

Napier

yes

D2.5

AWARE book

WP2

Imperial

yes

D2.6

AWARE documentary

WP2

Imperial

yes

D2.7

WP2 activity final report inc Magazine articles and video clips

WP2

Imperial

yes

D3.3

WP3 activity final report inc summer schools, training events and materials

WP3

VUA

yes

D4.5

WP4 activity final report inc consultations, survey reports

WP4

Unimore

yes

D4.6

Final roadmapping document

WP4

Unimore

yes

D5.3

WP5 activity final report including project assessment

WP5

Napier

yes

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DELIVERABLES WP5 MANAGEMENT, & MILESTONES MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2 AWARE Work Package Milestones Milestone number Milestone name

Work Lead package(s) beneficiary involved

Expected Means of Date verification

Achieved

M1.1

Website launched

WP1

Napier

Month 2

Website visible

yes

M5.1

Initial risk assessment undertaken

WP5

Napier

Month 2

Report available

yes

M5.2

First management meetings convened

WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4, WP5

Napier

Month 2

Meetings held and minutes available

yes

M2.1

AWARE Magazine at website

WP2

Imperial

Month 6

Visible at website

yes

M4.1

Research consultations launched on website

WP4, WP1

Modena

Month 6

Visible at website

yes

M1.2

Newsletters/mailings

WP1 & WP2

Napier

Months 6, 15, Newsletters 24 available

yes

M1.3

Workshops, events, consultations identified

WP1, WP3, WP4

Napier

Months 6, 15, Dates listed on 24 website

yes

M1.4

Research exchanges taking place

WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4, WP5

Napier

Reports and Months 6 -30 articles on website and Magazine

yes

M4.4A

International cooperation and exchange taking place

WP4, WP3, WP1

Modena

Event speakers, Months 6-36 research exchanges

yes

M4.4B

Useful research exchanges resulting from consultations

WP4, WP1, WP2

Modena

Months 6-30

Visible at website and reports

yes

M3.1

Launch of the Web-based knowledge distribution system

WP3, WP1

VUA

Month 9

Visible at website

yes

M2.2

Video filming and documentary planning underway

WP2, WP1, WP3, WP4

Imperial

Month 12

Visible at website and internal reports

yes

M3.2

Identification of tutorials/ experts

WP3, WP4

VUA

Month 12

Document available

yes

M4.2

First assessment of on-line surveys, research open issues

WP4, WP1, WP2

Modena

Month 12

Visible at website and reports

yes

M2.3

Preliminary planning for AWARE Book content

WP2

Imperial

Month 12

Document available

yes

M3.3

Summer school and training events

WP3, WP1, WP2

VUA

M4.3

First roadmap consultation meetings

WP4, WP1,

Modena

M5.3

Successful reviews by external Advisory Board and EC Reviews

WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4, WP5

Napier

M3.4

Integrated dissemination of collected training material

WP3, WP2, WP1

VUA

Month 18

M2.4

AWARE Book proposal/draft

WP2

Imperial

M4.5

Roadmap available

WP4, WP2, WP1

M2.5

AWARE documentary

WP2, WP1

Event details at Months 12, website and in 24, 36 newsletters

yes

Video clips and website reports

yes

Month 12

Months 12, Meeting minutes 24, 36 and reports

year 1 & 2

Visible at website

yes

Months 24-36

Document available

yes

Modena

Months 24-36

Document available and visible on website

yes

Imperial

Months 30-36

Available on website and DVD

yes

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EFFORT WP5 MANAGEMENT, & RESOURCESMONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT 2

Section 6

Effort and resources

AWARE effort months There is a natural evolution of activity within a three year time span for a Coordination Action. The first year involves a lot of discussion with projects and researchers getting to know them to be able to plan suitable activities. Given the lead time needed to set events in motion, a building-up phase is needed so projects can meet and identify what they can learn from each other. The second year is the most important since lots of activities are organised especially involving participation by the project partners The second AWARE period was very ambitious and a number of activities were organised, progress was made on the Awareness book and documentary, training activities were planned and research consultations undertaken. The third year adopted a consolidation approach, aiming to bring tasks towards effective resolution. All work packages expended hours beyond what was anticipated, and all AWARE partners contributed non-paid hours to ensure well-knitted collaboration and achievement. A good esprit d’corp has motivated members of the AWARE Coordination Action to do more than was required.

As the table above indicates, the project’s originally anticipated person months were exceeded, but this was undertaken willingly by partners often as non-claimable salary costs. The financial cap on spending was clear from the outset, but so too was the desire to run many additional activities in the Coordination Action. Some of the additional effort is a result of the the original costings being undertaken with more senior professorial staff time in mind, whereas tasks ended up being undertaken by RA and support staff, under management supervision, and this allowed for twice as many hours given to AWARE in some cases. At both VUA and Napier for example, a greater number of tasks were undertaken by non-senior staff and this allowed the salary budget to be spent more efficiently over a wider range of activities. As can be seen below, partners worked closely together contributing to all WPs. Napier’s higher effort months reflects the support staff employed to provide assistance to all WPs, especially in 135

EFFORT WP5 MANAGEMENT, & RESOURCESMONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT 2 terms of website/video support, publicity, event management and activity support. More activities and events were run in three years compared to original planning, and additional promotional support was required for these 60 activities, driven by WPLs but implemented by support staff.

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0.25

The table above provided by EC reporting guidelines indicates a comparison of budget vs actual effort. Some of this effort above will exceed the claim limits and will not be refunded by the EC. The main variances are for promotion undertaken by Napier for additional activities compared to those originally planned, especially for significant website promotion, uploading slide presentations and training materials, for video film work at events and working with the Aware projects to promote their activities in newsletters and website. A considerable amount of effort was also undertaken to promote the research agenda including the interactive InfoGraphic and developing the Computer After Me promotional website. In addition VUA found the training tasks more time-intensive than originally planned especially developing slides and other training materials resulting from the Slides Factory and running the summer schools. The net result from additional effort produced a serious amount of outputs from the Coordination Action. 137

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In general spending on the AWARE project kept pace with available resources through period 3, though all partners spent slightly more than the budget allows them to recover. The largest percentage of costs were spent on salaries for staff to carry out the activities, and as already indicated, the effort hours includes salary costs which will not be reimbursed but the partners offered this willingly to the Awareness community. The main driver for the Coordination Action was to ensure a mixed portfolio of good activities over a range of interests were carried out and the summary table appearing on p16-18 shows the extent of effort undertaken. Details of partner costs are described overleaf, with costs being best-estimates available at printing time. Some minor variations may occur during the final cost statement C-form uploads. As the partners worked well together and met at events, travel to management meetings was minimised to save funding for coordination activities. Regular SKYPE meetings between partners meant substantial savings were made in year two and particularly year three. Management meetings were co-located with other events, providing for financial and logistical efficiency. Efforts were undertaken to keep unnecessary costs to a minimum. A provisional breakdown of expenditure per partner and per period is shown overleaf, though hard to read on a single page, and the summary table appears at the top of this page.

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AWARE COSTS (provisional)

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Napier effort and resources

PLEASE NOTE THAT COSTS ARE PROVISIONAL, SUBJECT TO BEING FINALISED TABLE 3.2 PERSONNEL, SUBCONTRACTING AND OTHER MAJOR DIRECT COST ITEMS FOR NAPIER FOR PERIOD 3 Work Package Item description WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4, WP5 WP5 WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4, WP5 WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4, WP5

Amount

Explanations

Personnel costs

82876

Representing a total of 17.40 effort months with details below

Subcontracting

3595

Financial Certificate (audit fee)

Travel costs

5158

Napier staff travel

Project travel/activities

22406

Project speakers, student bursaries, activity costs, venue hire, catering etc

Software, consumables

2983

Software licenses, event consumables, printing

7481

Accruals and adjustments to previous periods

TOTAL DIRECT COSTS

124499

The following persons were employed by Napier to undertake tasks on the AWARE project: Emma Hart (Deputy Coordinator) : 188.5 hours, (representing 14.7% of productive work time) to deputise for Coordinator and to lead community building work package, ensuring all tasks are carried out Jennifer Willies (Project Manager) : 917 hours (representing 50.5% of productive work time) to oversee Napier work tasks and ensure AWARE project on course, and to liaise with Awareness project partners and EC; to implement activities and manage project events, finances and administration

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EFFORT WP5 MANAGEMENT, & RESOURCESMONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT 2 Ingi Helgason (Events and public outreach) : 458 hours, (representing 37.3% full time equivalent) to support events and activities, undertake newsletters, mailings and publicity Callum Egan (Website and multi-media development) : 867.25 hours, (representing 52.9% of productive work time) to manage website and handle Awareness promotion on behalf of all WPs and work with Awareness projects, also undertaking video filming Ben Paechter (Coordinator): hours volunteered to project, unclaimed from AWARE, to provide project leadership, chair meetings, review progress

Specific cost details being prepared were not available for the timescale of this report but in summary, project expenditure of approx 5150 EUR was spent on travel and subsistence by Napier staff to run activities or for meetings at •Brussels for period 2 review •Oslo for participation/video work at the EPiCS workshop •Lyon to run Awareness workshop, PhD forum, Science cafe •Boston for bi-lateral workshop at MIT •Florence for participation/video interviews at RECOGNITION workshop •Philadelphia for Awareness workshop and panel discussion at SASO13 And also approx 22,500 EUR was spent to reimburse workshop invited speakers, costs associated with the 2013 summer school, travel costs for research exchanges and for eventrelated costs for other Awareness activities including •Student bursaries for Awareness workshop at Lyon •Travel/accomm/catering costs for Slide Factory participants •Research exchange travel costs for Andrea Guazzini, Andrei Pruteanu, Daniel Dubois, Markus Endler, Tobias Becker, MaiteLopez-Sanchez, Inmaculada Rodriguez Santiago •Summer school lecturers and mentors Annabelle Klarl, Rene Doursat, Peter Lewis, Martin Wirsing, Mark Read, Alan Winfield, Kukas Esterle and others •Summer school local expenditure of lunches, dinners, coffee breaks •PhD travel grants to Boston for bi-lateral workshop at MIT •Invited speaker costs for RECOGNITION workshop in Florence •Invited speaker costs for EPiCS workshop in Porto •Philadelphia for Awareness workshop at SASO13 •Software licenses, domain registration, workshop consumables •Printing costs, postages Identified amounts for the project audit and for review travel and accommodation, report preparation and including costs not available immediately after the project end which will enter the accounts soon, have been accrued and minor adjustments for the previous periods will be made in the final financial report.

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VUA effort and resources

TABLE 3.2 PERSONNEL, SUBCONTRACTING AND OTHER MAJOR COST ITEMS FOR VUA FOR PERIOD 3 Work Package WP3

Item description Personnel direct costs Subcontracting

WP3, WP1, WP5

Other Direct Costs

TOTAL DIRECT COSTS

Amount in â&#x201A;Ź 23779

Explanations

Salary cost for 6.26 person months

0 6361

Travel and other direct costs

30140

Detailed cost Information was unavailable at time of report production and will be uploaded to the Commission in the Cost C statement.

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Imperial effort and resources

PLEASE NOTE THAT COSTS ARE PROVISIONAL, SUBJECT TO BEING FINALISED TABLE 3.2 PERSONNEL, SUBCONTRACTING AND OTHER MAJOR DIRECT COST ITEMS FOR IMPERIAL FOR PERIOD 3 Work Package WP2, WP4, WP3, WP1, WP5

Item description

Amount

Explanations

Personnel costs

33994EUR Representing 3.93 effort months

Subcontracting

7485 EUR

For Online Awareness Magazine

Travel costs

7032 EUR

As itemised below

Other direct costs

598 EUR

Equipment costs

TOTAL DIRECT COSTS

49110 EUR

Salary costs incurred by Imperial to undertake tasks on the AWARE project: Jeremy Pitt (WPL): to provide WP2 leadership, to attend meetings, to subcontract the magazine, to act as magazine editor (including commission and review of articles), to develop the Awareness book, to lead the production of the newsletters and documentaries, and to take part in other AWARE activities organised by WP1, WP3, WP4 and take part in management meetings. Timesheets indicated that 3.93 effort months were spent across workpackages as shown in the table above. Travel costs for Awareness meetings in period 3 included •Barcelona to participated in the Slides Factory, providing slides for Autonomic Multi-Agent Systems •Lyon to present a talk for PhD forum, chair the Science cafe Event, secure Magazine articles & book chapters (Kirstie Bellman, Head of the Aerospace Integration Science Center (AISC) of The Aerospace Corporation, USA, and by Marco Aiello, Professor and Head of the Distributed Systems group at Gronngen University)

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•Singapore and Malaysia to promote Awareness at PRIMA2012 and secure authors Savarimuthu, Otago University & Aditya Ghose, Professor at Wollongong University)

(Tony

•Warsaw to promote Awareness at University of Warsaw and secure Andrzej Nowak, from the Institute for Social Studies at the University of Warsaw, one of the founders of dynamic social psychology and the trans-disciplinary discussions led to new ideas about entangled awareness in concurrent digital societies and human communities and to Prof Nowak’s contribution to a book chapter) •Augsburg for bi-lateral workshop on Awareness with Wolfgang Reif and colleagues and discuss book with authors Jan-Phillip Steghoefer and Sebastian von Mammen on middle-out abstraction. •Hong Kong to ensure two chapters from Oceania for The Computer After Me •Toronto to attend IEEE International Symposium of Technology and Society and to present an invited talk on The Computer After Me (audience 100). It led to the book chapter by Michael, Michael and Perakslis •Philadelphia to co-chair the Awareness workshop and chair the panel session on Social Implications of SASO Science and Technology

•

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UNIMORE effort and resources

PLEASE NOTE THAT COSTS ARE PROVISIONAL, SUBJECT TO BEING FINALISED TABLE 3.2 PERSONNEL, SUBCONTRACTING AND OTHER MAJOR DIRECT COST ITEMS FOR UNIMORE FOR PERIOD 3 Work Package Item description

Amount

Explanations

WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4, WP5

Personnel costs

€13,444

Salary costs for 2 people representing a total of 290 hours, as detailed below

Subcontracting

€ 0,00

Travel costs

€4454

Travel and subsistence for UNIMORE staff to attend events in Barcelona, Philadelphia, Boston, Lucca, as detailed below : Coord Costs

€1270

Travel and subsistence for UNIMORE staff to attend review meeting in Brussels (Nov 2012) and 1 executive meeting in Edinburgh (Nov 2012) : Mngmt Costs

WP4

WP5

Travel costs

TOTAL DIRECT COSTS

€18168

The following persons were employed by UNIMORE to undertake tasks on the AWARE project, representing a total of 2.33 effort months in period 3: •

Giacomo Cabri (Coordinator): 262 hours, to provide WP4 leadership, to attend meetings, to build research agenda, to survey papers, to organize consultation events, to collect consultations, and work with other WPLs

•

Letizia Leonardi (Deputy Coordinator): 28 hours, to provide consultation in defining contents.

Travel costs for the following AWARE project meetings and activities took place: • 2 conferences (AINA13 Barcelona March 2013, SASO13 Philadelphia September 2013) • 1 consultation event (Boston May 2013) • 1 AWARE summer school (AWASS Lucca June 2013) • 1 AWARE executive meeting (Edinburgh Nov 2012 • 1 Aware review meeting, and co-located Executive meeting (Brussels Nov 2012)

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CERTIFICATES WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2

Section 7 Certificates due for Period 2 in accordance with Article II.4.4 of the Grant Agreement.

Beneficiary Organisation short name 1

NAPIER

Certificate on the Any useful comment, in particular if a financial statements certificate is not provided provided? yes / no YES audit currently being undertaken with

VUA

Expenditure threshold not reached

IMPERIAL

Expenditure threshold not reached

UNIMORE

Expenditure threshold not reached

certificated expected on 22 Nov

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APPENDICES WP5 MANAGEMENT, MONITORING, ADMINISTRATION PERIOD 3 AND FINALPERIOD REPORT2

Report Appendices Appendix I Collection of Newsletters (D1.4 & D2.7) Appendix II Collection of Magazine articles (D2.7) Appendix III AWARE research agenda (D4.6)

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