Chapter 01Introducing Hardware
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Introducing Hardware In this chapter you will learn:  That a computer requires both hardware and software to work  About the many different hardware components (parts) inside of and connected to a computer
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Hardware Needs Software to Work
Hardware Software Binary Number System bit byte nibble Created by Mr. Rios
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PC Hardware Components Central Processing Unit (CPU) Processor Microprocessor Requires 3 elements to operate: Method of communicating with the device Software to instruct and control the device Electricity to power the device Created by Mr. Rios
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Hardware Used for Input and Output or I/O
Port Keyboard-Primary Input Mouse-Pointing Device Monitor-Primary Output Printer-Output Device Hard Copy Created by Mr. Rios
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Hardware Inside the Computer Case
Circuit Board Expansion Cards Expansion Slots CMOS-Complimentary Metal-Oxide Semi Conductor
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The Motherboard Motherboard Main Board or System Board Peripheral Device Parallel Port S/PDIF: Sony/Phillips Digital Interface sound port USB: Universal Serial Bus port Serial Port Created by Mr. Rios
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The Processor and the Chipset  Chipset
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Storage Devices Primary Storage or Memory Temporary Secondary Storage or HDD Permanent
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Primary Storage RAM: Random Access Memory - 3 Types SIMM: Single In-line Memory Module DIMM: Dual In-line Memory Module RIM: Rambus In-line Memory Module Volatile: Needs power to work (Temporary) ROM: Read Only Memory Non-Volatile: Holds data permanently; even without power Created by Mr. Rios
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Secondary Storage Hard Drives: ATA: Advanced Technologies Attachment IDE: Integrated Drive Electronics EIDE: Enhanced Drive Electronics Other Secondary Storage: CD/DVD’s USB Flash Drives Created by Mr. Rios
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Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices
Traces Bus Protocol Data Bus Data Path Size Main Bus: System Bus, Front Side Bus (FSB), Memory Bus or Host Bus Created by Mr. Rios
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System Clocks
System Clock-Motherboard Crystal Clock Speed Hertz (Hz)-1 Cycle per second Mega Hertz (MHz)- 1 million cycles per second Giga Hertz (GHz)- 1 billion cycles per second Created by Mr. Rios
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Interface (Expansion) Cards PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) PCI Express AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) ISA (Industry Standard Architecture)
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The Electrical System AC (Alternating Current) DC (Direct Current) Power Supply Converts from AC to DC Provides 3.3, 5 and 12 volts DC Rated in WATTS P8,P9 or P1 power connector Created by Mr. Rios
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Instructions Stored on the Motherboards
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) Program Firmware System BIOS Startup BIOS CMOS Setup CMOS Chip Flash ROM Created by Mr. Rios
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