The Tiny Book of Type by kaitfilipp

THE TINY BOOK OF TYPE

the tiny book of type by kaitlyn filipp

table of contents introduction letter anatomy family logotypes text kerning tracking leading alignment grid exploration

font creation sketches jack & the beanstalk application MLK poster calendar creating a brand theatre poster lou reed poster magazine layout

artwork by veronique zayas

AN INTRODUCTION TO TYPOGRAPHY Every day, typography impacts your

The process of typography started

life. It changes the way you feel. It

with using punches and dies,

gives you an impression. It inspires

proceeded to type tables and

you. Even if you donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t realize it,

printing presses, and has landed at

typography changes your life.

computers and modern technology.

Simplified, typography is the art

Although it has progressed through

and technique of arranging type to

time, typography is still based on

make it visual. It involves arranging

the traditional techniques that

aspects of type such as point size,

convey language in visual terms.

leading, kerning, and alignment to convey a certain message.

artwork by agnetha berg

letter

ANATOMY OF A LETTER X-HEIGHT

ASCENDER

generally the height of the low-

the part of the letter that extends

er-case x or height of the main

above the cap height

lower-case letter

CAP HEIGHT

DESCENDER

the height of the capital letter above

a part of the letter that extends

the baseline

below the base of the letters

BASELINE

SERIF

the line where all the letters sit

a slight projection that finishes the stroke of the letter

CAP HEIGHT

ASCENDER X-HEIGHT

BASELINE STEM

BOWL

SERIF COUNTER

LIGATURE

STEM

DESCENDER

SERIFS Serifs, which are slight projections that finish off a stroke of a letter in certain typefaces, are expressed in many different ways throughout different typefaces. The main styles of serifs are:

OLD STYLE TRANSITIONAL MODERN SLAB SERIF

g g g g

OLD STYLE

TRANSITIONAL

MODERN

SLAB SERIF

size & color Size and color are important factors to keep in mind when trying to convey a certain message through text. Both of these add hierarchy, shows order, and changes readability.

Which line do you read first? Color is just as important as other elements in typography. It can attract attention to an element, help emphasize, create a mood, and assist in readability.

28 pt Jenson

28 pt Myriad Pro

28 pt Nyla

28 pt Courier New

Notice the different sizes of text. Although each of these fonts are set at the same point size, the x-height of the typeface creates the illusion that some are larger than others.

families A type family is a set of one or more fonts composed of glyphs that share a common design feature. Each of these families has a specific weight, style, width, and slant, along with many other aspects. Although there are many type families, these four are the most common:

regular italic bold bold italic

Regular

The dog slept all day. Italic

The dog slept all day. Bold

The dog slept all day. Bold Italic

The dog slept all day.

LOGO TYPES

TEXT

KERNING Kerning is a term used in typography for the process of adjusting the space between two letters. This is mostly used to achieve a visually pleasing result. A well-designed typeface requires little or no additional kerning.

no kerning applied

Taming Tones

Wonder Week

Taming Tones

Wonder Week

Taming Tones

Wonder Week

kerning applied

TRACKING Tracking, or letter-spacing, is the consistent adjustment of the overall spacing of a group of letters. This affects the density in a line or block of text. Tracking is the action of consistently adjusting the space between letters in a line, whereas kerning is the process of adjusting space between two letters only.

normal tracking

negative tracking

positive tracking

Even aside from the rain and wind it

Even aside from the rain and wind

hadn’t been a happy practice session.

it hadn’t been a happy practice

Fred and George, who had been spy-

Fred and George, who had been spying

session. Fred and George, who had

ing on the Slytherin team, had seen

on the Slytherin team, had seen for

been spying on the Slytherin team,

for themselves the speed of those new

themselves the speed of those new

had seen for themselves the speed of

Nimbus Two Thousand and Ones.

those new Nimbus Two Thousand and Ones.

tracking in headlines

kellar’s kitties Justus, no tracking applied

kellar’s kitties Justus, (-50)

kellar’ s k it t ie s Justus, (+100)

LEADING Leading refers to the distance between the baseline of multiple lines of type. Designers adjust the leading when attempting to achieve different densities. When the leading decreases, blocks of text become denser. When the leading increases,

do what you love

Auto spacing tends to create an uneven leading effect

You can achieve an even appearance when manually adjusting the leading

blocks of text become lighter and more open. The term leading originates from the strips of lead used to separate lines of metal type during the days of hand typesetting.

leading variations 8/8

8/9.6

Winston stopped reading, chiefly in order to appreciate the fact that he was reading, in comfort and safety. He was alone: no telescreen, no ear at the keyhole, no nervous impulse to glance over his shoulder or cover the page with his hand. The sweet summer air played against his cheek. From somewhere far away there floated the faint shouts of children; in the room itself there was no sound except the insect voice of the clock.

8/12 Winston stopped reading, chiefly in order to appreciate the fact that he was reading, in comfort and safety. He was alone: no telescreen, no ear at the keyhole, no nervous impulse to glance over his shoulder or cover the page with his hand. The sweet summer air played against his cheek. From somewhere far away there floated the faint shouts of children; in the room itself there was no sound except the insect voice of the clock.

8/15 Winston stopped reading, chiefly in order to appreciate the fact that he was reading, in comfort and safety. He was alone: no telescreen, no ear at the keyhole, no nervous impulse to glance over his shoulder or cover the page with his hand. The sweet summer air played against his cheek. From somewhere far away there floated the faint shouts of children; in the room itself there was no sound except the insect voice of the clock.

ALIGNMENT The basis of type presentation comes from different choices in alignment. Each form has unique qualities and conveys a different aesthetic feel. Alignment options are also referred to as text or type justification. The basic variations are:

CENTERED JUSTIFIED FLUSH LEFT/RAGGED RIGHT FLUSH RIGHT/RAGGED LEFT

centered

flush right/ragged left

Formal and classic

Unusual and unique

Fascinated, Harry thumbed through the rest of the envelope’s contents. Harry was just reading “Lesson One: Holding Your Wand (Some Useful Tips)” when shuffling footsteps outside told him Filch was coming back. Stuffing the parchment back into the envelope, Harry threw it back onto the desk just as the door opened.

flush left/ragged right

justified

Organic and easy to read

Clean and efficient

grid

GRID A grid is a structure made up of a series of intersecting straight or curved lines that is primarily used to structure content. Writing is organized into columns and rows of characters. There are many variations of grids, with the norm being a single column grid. These work well for simple documents. Multicolumn grids offer more flexibility with layout and allows the designer to create more hierarchy with text and illustrations. This format is executed in publications.

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font creation

sketches

jack & the beanstalk

application

martin luther king jr. poster

2014 CALENDAR

creating a brand

CRAFT & GIFT SHOP

C: 0 M: 18 Y: 12 K: 64

C: 0 M: 54 Y: 44 K: 0

C: 26 M: 0 Y: 6 K: 25

C: 0 M: 3 Y: 21 K: 5

C: 0 M: 19 Y: 60 K: 5

creating a brand

theatre poster

LOU REED dedication

magazine layout