Centre for Community Development | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi |Architectural Thesis by Kajal Aggarwal

CENTRE FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi Thesis 2021 | School of Planning & Architecture, New Delhi Kajal Aggarwal | A/2928/2016

CENTRE FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi Kajal Aggarwal A/2928/2016 Guides:

Prof. M. L. Bahri, Ar. Rahul Sen Co-ordinator:

Prof. Dr. Jaya Kumar

Thesis 2021 School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi

Declaration

31st May 2021 The thesis titled " Centre for Community Development: Community Centre, Punjabi bagh, New Delhi" a requisite of the Bachelors Program in the Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi – 110002, was completed by the undersigned in January – May 2020. The supervisors were Prof. M. L. Bahri and Ar. Rahul Sen. The undersigned hereby declares that this is her original work and has not been plagiarized in part or full from any source. Furthermore this work has not been submitted for any degree in this or any other University.

_________________________ (candidate signature) Name: Kajal Aggarwal Roll No: A/2928/2016 Section: B

Certificate

31st May 2021 We certify that the Thesis titled "Centre for Community Development: Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi" by Kajal Aggarwal roll no A/2928/2016 was guided by us in January – June 2020 and placed in front of the Jury by the candidate on 31st May and 01st June 2021. On completion of the report in all respects including the last chapter by the candidate and based on the declaration by the candidate herein above, we forward the report to the Department to be placed in the library of the School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi.

________________ Prof. M. L. Bahri

_________________ Ar. Rahul Sen

Acknowledgement

First and foremost, I would like to thank my research guides, Prof. M. L. Bahri and Ar. Rahul Sen. Without their assistance and dedicated involvement in every step throughout the process, this thesis would have never been accomplished. They welcomed each of my design ideas and guided me through ways to resolve it into a well-functioning design. The crit sessions certainly helped me think out of the box and dwelve into the depths of detailing. I would like to thank you very much for your support and understanding over the semester. I would also like to show gratitude to my thesis coordinators, Dr. Jaya Kumar and Dr. Aruna Ramani Grover for their constant motivation and guidance. Also, this thesis would not have been possible without the knowledge imparted by my teachers and professors all through my education as everything has impacted this thesis in some way or another. Getting through my thesis required more than academic support, and I have many, many people to thank for listening to me. I cannot begin to express my gratitude and appreciation for their friendship. My friends, Himalaya and Noeen have been unwavering in their personal and professional support during the time I spent at college. This thesis would not have been possible without their constant motivation and encouragement. It is infact a result of the precious time they invested in proof-reading my report as well as being a part of design related stimulating discussions. I would also like to thank my friend, Amra, for always believing in me. Her words of motivation made me sail through the online semester. Most importantly, none of this could have happened without my family. I would like to extend my gratitude to my family for criticising my design from the perspective of a user. Those have been one of the most valuable set of inputs throughout this journey. To my parents and my siblings – it would be an understatement to say that, as a family, we have experienced some ups and downs in the past two months. Every time I was ready to quit, you did not let me and I am forever grateful. This thesis stands as a testament to your unconditional love and encouragement.

सार सामद ु ायिक केंद्र समाज सेवा प्रावधान और सामद ु ायिक क्षमता यनमााण के केंद्र हैं। सामद ु ायिक केंद्र उन लोगों के ललए एक सरु क्षक्षत, भरोसेमंद और स्वागत िोग्ि स्थान प्रदान करते हैं जो सामाजजक रूप से अलग-थलग हैं, कमजोर हैं और जहां कोई मानदं ड नह ं हैं, उन्हें समथान की आवश्िकता है । ददल्ल शहर में एक गैर-समान भूलम ववतरण व्िवस्था है जो वर्षों से ववकलसत हुई है। यनिोजजत कॉलोयनिों में आवश्िक सावाजयनक बयु निाद संरचना ववकलसत है जबकक अनौपचाररक बजस्तिों और शहर गांवों में जो कक सीमाओं पर ववकलसत हुए हैं, इन

सुववधाओं की पहुंच वहां कम है । साथ ह , इन दो प्रकार की बजस्तिों के बीच का सामंजस्ि ककसी भी आर्थाक िा सामाजजक संबध ं को अवरुद्ध करता है । इसने बहुत सारे पररत्िक्त स्थानों को जन्म ददिा है जजसमें बहुत सी शहर क्षमता है जो दोनों के बीच संबध ं क के रूप में कािा करती है और सीमाओं को धुंधला करती है ।

िह थीलसस उपरोक्त घटना से अपना प्रस्ताव लेती है और ववलभन्न उपिोगकताा समूहों के बीच बातचीत को बढावा दे ने के ललए एक सामुदायिक केंद्र को शहर सजममलन के रूप में किर से पररभावर्षत करने का प्रिास करती है। चूंकक अनौपचाररक बजस्तिों में यनिोजजत व्िावसायिक सुववधाओं का अभाव होता है , आमतौर पर वे क्षेत्र इन जरूरतों को पूरा करने के ललए लमर्ित उपिोग क्षेत्रों में ववकलसत होते हैं, किर भी अंत में िातािात के मुद्दों का कारण बनते हैं। पाककिंग और अस्थािी दक ु ानों के ललए जगह बनाने के ललए द गई सवु वधाऐं पैदल िात्रत्रिों की सुरक्षा से समझौता करती हैं। इस थीलसस का उद्दे श्ि पैदल िात्री सुरक्षा के मुद्दे को संबोर्धत करना है और एक सामुदायिक केंद्र की पररभार्षा को शहर मंच में बदलकर एक समाधान तैिार करना है जो पैदल िात्री की अनक ु ू ल गयतववर्धिों को आमंत्रत्रत करता है और सीखने और आपस में बातचीत को बढावा दे ता है ।

िह साइट पंजाबी बाग, नई ददल्ल में जस्थत है - एक ऐसा क्षेत्र जो ववलभन्न आर्थाक समह ू ों के ववववध लमिण को दे खता है । एक पाका है जो साइट के साथ एक सीमा साझा करता है लेककन कम दृश्िता के कारण इसे सावाजयनक उपिोग के ललए असरु क्षक्षत बना दे ता है। शहर और पाका के बीच सड़क के स्तर के साथ-साथ भवन स्तर दोनों के बीच की खाई को पाटने के द्वारा साइट में शहर सजममलन के रूप में कािा करने की एक बड़ी क्षमता है । सावाजयनक क्षेत्र को पैदल चलने वालों के अनक ु ू ल वातावरण के साथ तीन मंजजला मंच के रूप में दे खा गिा है । अधा-सावाजयनक सुववधाओं को इस पोडडिम स्तर के ऊपर टावरों में व्िवजस्थत ककिा गिा है जजसमें छत के बगीचे के साथ बातचीत की सुववधा के साथ-साथ बेहतर इनडोर वािु गण ु वत्ता भी शालमल है ।

िह सामद ु ायिक भागीदार , सशजक्तकरण और बातचीत के माध्िम से अवसरों को डडजाइन करने के ललए वास्तक ु ला तरं ग प्रभाव का उपिोग करता है । िदद हम सचेत रूप से तरं ग प्रभाव के ललए डडजाइन कर रहे हैं तो हम न केवल व्िजक्तिों को लाभाजन्वत कर रहे हैं बजल्क हम बड़े पैमाने पर समुदाि का समथान कर रहे हैं।

Synopsis Community or Neighbourhood Centers are hubs for social service provision and community capacity building. Community Centers provide a safe, trusting and welcoming space for people who are socially isolated, vulnerable and in need of support where there are no criteria. The city of Delhi has a non-uniform land distribution pattern that has evolved over the years. The planned colonies have access to the required public infrastructure whereas the informal settlements and urban villages that have grown on the sides have less or now access to these facilities. Also, the interface between these two types of settlements rather blocks off any economic or social connection. This has led to a lot of abandoned spaces with a lot of urban potential to act as a connector between the two and blur the boundaries. This thesis draws its proposition from the above phenomenon and tries to redefine a community centre as an urban insert to promote interaction among various user groups. Since the informal settlements lack planned commercial facilities, usually those areas develop into mixed-use zones to fulfill these needs yet end-up causing traffic issues. The services compromise on the pedestrian safety in order to make space for parking and temporary shops. This thesis aims to address the issue of pedestrian safety and poses a design solutuion for the same by chanding the definition of a community centre into an urban space that invites pedestrian friendly activities and promotes learning and interaction. The site is located at Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi - an area that sees a diverse mix of various economic groups. There is a park that shares a boundary with the site but lies abandoned due to low visual connection making it unsafe for public use. The site has a great potential to act as an urban insert by bridging the gap between the city and the park both at street level as well as building level. The public realm has been visualised as a three-storeyed podium with a pedestrian friendly environment. The semi-public facilities have been organised into towers above this podium level with terrace gardens to facilitate interaction as well as improved indoor air quality. It uses architecture's ripple effect to design opportunities for impact through community participation, empowerment and interaction. If we're designing for the ripple effect consciously we're not only benefitting the individuals but we're supporting the community at large.

Contents 01 DESIGN

INVESTIGATION

1.1 Thesis proposition 1.2 Project vision

02.1 CORE

RESEARCH

2.1.1 Community centres 2.1.2 Present state of community centres in Delhi 2.1.3 Urban interface 2.1.4 Inclusive public spaces 2.1.5 Architecture's ripple effect 2.1.6 Initiatives for community upliftment 2.1.7 Urban placemaking 2.1.8 Walkability of public spaces 2.1.9 Conclusion and vision

02.2 CASE STUDIES

2.2.1 Saket Anupam Complex, New Delhi 2.2.2 New Friends Colony community centre, New Delhi 2.2.3 Preet Vihar community centre, New Delhi 2.2.4 San Bernabe' community centre, Mexico 2.2.5 Urban remediation and infrastructure hub, Sao Paolo 2.2.6 CASE EXAMPLES Dilli Haat, INA, New Delhi Triveni Kala Sangam, New Delhi Pioneer Courthouse Square 2.2.7 Comparative matrix 2.2.8 learnings and design directives

03 DESIGN PROJECT

& PROGRAM

3.1 Project proposition 3.2 Developmental control norms 3.3 Area distribution 3.4 Inter-relationship diagram 3.5 Major components requirements 3.6 Detailed area program

04 SITE ANALYSIS

109

4.1 Site location 4.2 Connectivity & context 4.3 Site history 4.4 Context plan 4.5 Site plan & development controls 4.6 Land-use 4.7 MAsterplan analysis 4.8 DUAC Proposal 4.9 Built fabric 4.10 Figure ground 4.11 Open space analysis 4.12 Vehicular movement 4.13 Pedestrian movement 4.14 Traffic and edge conditions 4.15 Surrounding built use 4.16 Supporting infrastructure 4.17 Natural features 4.18 Artificial features 4.19 Climate analysis 4.20 Context & site photos

05 TECHNOLOGY 5.1 Sustainability 5.2 Services 5.3 Structures 5.4 Safety

135

06 DESIGN

167

DIRECTIVES

6.2 Design directives from site analysis 6.3 Conclusion and vision

VISION

177

DEVELOPMENT

6.1 Design directives from case studies

07 CONCEPT &

08 DESIGN

175

8.1 Stage-1 Sketch design 8.2 Stage-2 Sketch design 8.3 Stage-3 Sketch design 8.4 Stage-4 Design development-1 8.5 Stage-5 Design development-1.5 8.6 Stage-6 Design development-2 8.7 Stage-7 Design development-2.5 8.8 Stage-8 Prefinal design

09 DESIGN

199

PORTFOLIO

9.1 Context plan 9.2 Concept & Vision 9.3 Zoning & Circulation system 9.4 Site plan 9.5 Spatial characteristic diagrams 9.6 Floor plans 9.7 Unit plans 9.8 Basement plans 9.9 Sections 9.10 Views 9.11 Elevations 9.12 Technology

List of figures

fig 1: Components of Public life ...27 fig 2: Saket Anupam Complex, New Delhi ...29 fig 3: Preet Vihar Community Centre, New Delhi ...29 fig 4: New Friends Colony Community Centre, New Delhi ...29 fig 5: Architecture’s ripple effect ...32 fig 6: Definition of a Place ...34 fig 7: Principles of Urban Placemaking ...34 fig 8: Principles of Urban Placemaking ...35 fig 9: Principles of Urban Placemaking ...36 fig 10: Walkability of spaces ...38 fig 11: Walkability of spaces ...39 fig 12: Site connectivity ...43 fig 13: Site location ...43 fig 14: Surrounding land-use ...43 fig 15: Site plan (Saket Anupam Complex) ...45 fig 16: Circulation system (Saket Anupam Complex) ...48 fig 17: Structural system (Saket Anupam Complex) ...49 fig 18: Preet Vihar Community Centre ...51 fig 19: Preet Vihar Community Centre (Site connectivity) ...52 fig 20: Preet Vihar Community Centre (Site location) ...52 fig 21: Preet Vihar Community Centre ( land-use) ...52 fig 22: Preet Vihar Community Centre Ground floor plan ...53 fig 23: Circulation system ...54 fig 24: basement parking plan ...55 fig 25: Informal market & kiosks ...56 fig 26: Informal vendors ...57 fig 27: Site location ...60 fig 28: Circulation system ...61 fig 29: Zoning diagram & sections ...62 fig 30: Facade treatment ...63 fig 31: Main boulevard with retail outlets and restaurants ...64 fig 32: Surrounding land-use ...64

01 DESIGN INVESTIGATION 1.1 Thesis proposition 1.2 Project vision

PROPOSITION The aim of this project is to design an inclusive and self-sufficient environment for community development. The project also aims to bridge the gap between the community and the visitors by providing spaces for interaction. Various skill-building programmes and promotion of local arts and crafts will help in promoting self-sufficiency.

KEYWORDS: SELF-SUFFICIENT ENVIRONMENT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROMOTE INTERACTION URBAN INSERT

To create a platform for interaction, a dialogue needs to be initiated between the various user groups. This can be achieved by providing functions which cater to a large spectrum of users, i.e., Cultural facilities, performance spaces, food courts, shopping complexes cum exhibition spaces (displaying work done by the local community).

DESIGN OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPACT SOCIALLY INCLUSIVE AND PARTICIPATIVE DESIGN COMMUNITY CENTRES AS AN AID FOR DEVELOPMENT

Objectives • • • • • • • •

22 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

To design a socio-cultural hub for community – a platform for interaction between the community and visitors A cultural and commercial hub for attracting tourists Platform for interaction Encouraging self-employment in traditional crafts and products Bridge the gap between various income groups (Social interaction between the user groups) learning centre and commercial complex Public spaces at community as well city level Connectivity with the city

PROJECT VISION Community Centres have played a significant role in the life of many local communities and networks, as they are not only limited to recreational activities, but act as magnets attracting citizens from different sections of society (The Future High Street- issuu, no date). It is observed that the issues faced by residents and the associations in the community centres and district centres around Delhi are generic in nature, thus the findings and recommendations can be applied to similar proposals (The Future High Street- issuu, no date). . Hence the study can be envisaged as a prototype for development of similar spaces in

NEED FOR:

Community Upliftment

Skill Development

User group

Porosity

Community Education

Multi-functional spaces Urban edge Create activated urban nodes

Community

professionals

Visitors

Social interaction

Ease of access Crowd control Impact on larger context social empowerment

Collaboration Creating a platform for interaction Design investigation | 23

24 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

02.1

CORE RESEARCH 2.1.1 Community centres 2.1.2 Present state of community centres in Delhi 2.1.3 Urban interface 2.1.4 Inclusive public spaces 2.1.5 Architecture's ripple effect 2.1.6 Initiatives for community upliftment 2.1.7 Urban placemaking 2.1.8 Walkability of public spaces 2.1.9 Conclusion and vision

COMMUNITY CENTERS

Community or Neighbourhood Centers are hubs for social service provision and community capacity building. Community Centers provide a safe, trusting and welcoming space for people who are socially isolated, vulnerable and in need of support where there are no criteria. Community Centers promote social justice principles in inclusion (Christi, no date).

Community Centers are responsive to community needs and as a generalist program, are flexible depending on what the particular issues and needs are at a local community level. Community Centers are valuable not only to residents of the local area but provide an important conduit to the community for services. By hosting other services and brokering relationships, community centers provide a safe and accessible space for other visiting services and programs who out-reach from larger cities (Christi, no date).

26 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

The centers also provide a space where people can learn, participate and contribute and this has a sense of belonging and improved well-being (Jones, no date).

This can provide the opportunity for skill development perience that may lead to employment outcomes. vide a place for a diversity of people to connect with tionships that contribute to community resilience and

and volunteering/work exCommunity Centers protheir neighbors, build relacohesion (Christi, no date).

A Community Centre provides: • Universal services • Hubs for place-based services premised on local inclusion and participation • Advocates for the community • Capacity builders for the community • Supports engagement of the community through volunteering • Skill development opportunities • Low or no-cost services or activities • Foster social interaction and create a sense of community • Provide a sense of comfort/safety to the users • Encourage social interaction among a diverse public cross section

fig 1: Components of Public life Core Research | 27

28 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Present state of Community Centres in Delhi

Community Centres in India are generally dilapidated structures with issues such as circulation, parking, visual environment, public open spaces, etc.

fig 2: Saket Anupam Complex, New Delhi

The DDA (Delhi Development Authority) has developed 11 district centres and 44 community centres across the city. Although, most of the community centres were designed in the 80s and 90s (Vidhi Dheri, 00:01:32 UTC). Since then, there has been a shift in the vehicular and pedestrian loads due to an increase in population and densification. The existing community centres on the other hand, have not been upgraded according to the current needs. The pie charts below show the programmatic division for three of DDA's existing community centres - the Saket Anupam Complex, Preet Vihar community centre, and New Friends Colony Community Centre. As it can be seen, a major component of these community centres is commercial, i.e., retail and offices. This emphasis on the retail typology besides attracting a lot of footfall also leads to commercialisation of the the community centre. There are hardly any community based facilities for the empowerment and benefit of the people living there. Most of the functions are usually designed keeping in mind the higher income groups,

fig 3: Preet Vihar Community Centre, New Delhi

fig 4: New Friends Colony Community Centre, New Delhi

Core Research | 29

URBAN INTERFACE Cambridge Dictionary defines the term interface as a situation, way, or place where two things come together and affect each other. While Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary defines it as the point where two subjects, systems, etc. meet and affect each other.

Urban interfaces are the transition areas between architectural forms and urban public spaces that offer visual and practical inside-out ties between public open spaces and private closed spaces and define the way we read the urban fabric (Orhan, 2018). Types of Urban Interface: Street- plot interface: (Public-Common Interface in an Urban Block) In relation to two different interface domains, street-plot interfaces may be investigated; first, frontyard and building entry; second, use of the ground floor and sidewalk to promote street liveliness. The front yard, front yard, veranda, porches, raised entrances and stairs can be identified as architectural components (Barlas,2006), (Songülen, 2012).

Urban public space often includes open public facilities, such as road areas and other common areas: squares, beaches, recreational areas, city gardens, cemeteries, waterfronts, etc (Grobelšek and Liljana, 2015). Accessible public spaces are complemented by public institutions such as courts, parks, theatres, libraries, shops, public schools, public hospitals and the like (Grobelšek and Liljana, 2015). This encompasses all places and systems that are public, public and open to all.

Street-Building Interface: (Public-Private Interface in an Urban Block) Two interface domains are defined in this style of interface; as facades of construction and setbacks of construction; and active frontage and street edges. Architectural elements such as recessed or hanging balconies, different styles of windows, porticos or arcades that define the edge of the house, bay windows, cumbias or oriels may be categorized as architectural elements that provide a street-building interface or public and private spaces (Songülen, 2012).

Urban public space is a public space that ensures the opportunities for safe living, public speech, leisure and sport, imagination and play, and the like (Grobelšek and Liljana, 2015). To this effect, urban public space needs to be fairly large, well-organized, well-maintained and open to the public. It must therefore be flexible and appealing, enabling the regular and conscientious use of all public spaces by the public. Public space is the most visible aspect of a city or city and culture (Grobelšek, 2018).

Building-Building Interface: (Private-Private Interface in an Urban Block) First in order to examine the relationships and interfaces between buildings, it is necessary to determine the architectural specifications of individual buildings. The architectural style refers largely to the mass and height of the buildings (Songülen, 2012).

30 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Plot-Building Interface: (Common-Private Interface in an Urban Block) The front and backyard are the anatomical components that offer such a distinction (Songülen, 2012).

Public-Private interface: The accelerated development of urban populations has increased the need for communities to provide provisions for healthy and creative ways of life, employment and recreational activities. The key is to provide a public space network of adequate breadth and consistency in terms of urban planning in cities (Grobelšek, 2018).

INCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACES

On-site accessibility

Whether a user is disabled or elderly, an inclusive space takes extra measures to comfortably accommodate them. This onsite-accessibility can be accomplished by not just adhering to the American Disability Act's minimum requirements, but by also drawing from other sources like Safe Routes to Schools and the American Association of Retired Persons. By combining features like tactile strips at crosswalks, accessible restrooms and parking spaces, and color contrast applications on poles and steps, public space can ensure ease of use for all (Inclusive by Design: Laying a Foundation for Diversity in Public Space, no date).

Off-site accessibility

Before individuals even arrive at a place, there are multiple factors that can deter accessibility. Is there sufficient lighting in the surrounding environment? Are nearby sidewalks well-maintained? In Manila, the capital city of the Philippines, it can take residents hours to reach central public spaces due to congested roadways. Although this is an extreme case, the fact remains that periphery accessibility is crucial. By assessing walkability scores and local street interconnectivity, planners can ensure that their intended sites are equally accessible for pedestrians, bikers, and those taking public transportation.

Empowering local residents

To increase community involvement, public spaces can offer opportunities for underrepresented vendors. In Minnesota, for instance, Union Market provides small-scale sites for local business owners. With some as small as 100 square feet, these spaces allow entrepreneurs to build a customer base with less risk and financial burden. Of course, retail shouldn't be the sole focus of any space, nor is it the only way to build investment within residents. Another way the latter can be done is by including features like stages on which the community can host its own events, like plays and speeches. "if public spaces are produced and managed by narrow interests, they are bound to become exclusive places" - Ali Madanipour (Urban Design professor) "public space should be built on the lived experiences of the surrounding area".

Public spaces that provide opportunities for underrepresented vendors can attract a broader audience, and play a part in redistributing economic opportunities to people who may not otherwise have access to a physical location to sell their products or services. Places like Union Market in Mankato, Minnesota provide smallscale spaces (some as small as 100 square feet), providing owners of small or fledgling businesses a chance to build up their customer base with less risk and financial burden than opening a full storefront elsewhere. However, retail must never be the sole purpose of the space—a balanced combination of retail and non-retail uses can ensure that the space never crowds out users who simply want to use the space without being a customer.

Core Research | 31

ARCHITECTURE'S RIPPLE EFFECT

DESIGNING OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPACT

At the most fundamental, the designed buildings provide shelter, and at best, some enriching experiences & improved lifestyles. But the effect of architecture both on individuals and wider society is far and broader than that for buildings having ripple effect beyond their walls, their immediate site, and the people that use them every day. Buildings take years to design and build and are around for decades, sometimes, centuries. So, the impact that the buildings have on the world around them matters as the effect can go on for a very long time. In thinking deeply about the wider impact that architecture has both locally and globally, it concludes that architecture is deeply contextual; an architecture that responds both to its social and environmental context as much as its historical and physical one (37369645, no date). If we're designing for the ripple effect consciously, we're not only benefitting the individuals but we're supporting the community at large. So, when these ideas become intrinsic to the design process and think about the big picture, we can create buildings that do extraordinary things. Buildings that strengthen the local community and connect people. Buildings that support the local economy both in how they are built and how they function. So, when we design to maximize the positive – social, economic and environmental factors become the ripples of architecture. Our buildings can do much – let's make them do more.

Nothing in this world is more simple and more cheap than making cities that provide better for people. - Jan Gehl fig 5: Architecture’s ripple effect 32 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Initiatives for community upliftment In several communities in the vicinity of Amazon Fulfillment Centres in India, women folk continue to be relegated to household chores, with almost no avenue to earn livelihoods and learn skills. But things are slowly starting to change. They say that when a woman is educated and empowered, it causes a ripple effect for the generation that follows. We see this in action every single day at Amazon Community Centres around the country (Empowering women entrepreneurs, no date). Amazon India has built Community Centres near its Fulfillment Centres around the country. Usually on the outskirts of metros, these centres are platforms for anyone from the community to come together, learn basic skills like computers, sewing, access the Internet and other digital education aids like LCD screens, DVD players, and e-content. Women of the community often frequent Amazon Community Centres and that has opened many doors for them. From basic livelihood skills to digital learning A large part of the social initiatives at the Amazon Community Centres focuses on empowering women through skill development and providing exposure to learning tools. Skills include everything from sewing and reading to basic math and computer training that makes them employable for banks, shops, and local businesses Amazon India has built Community Centres near its Fulfillment Centres around the country. Usually on the outskirts of metros, these centres are platforms for anyone from the community to come together, learn basic skills like computers, sewing, access the Internet and other digital education aids like LCD screens, DVD players, and e-content. . This in turn, ensures financial freedom not just for the women but also their families. Nothing in this world is more simple and more cheap than making cities that provide better for people. - Jan Gehl

Core Research | 33

URBAN PLACEMAKING "Cities have the capability of providing something for everybody, only because, and only when, they are created by everybody" – Jane Jacobs

Placemaking inspires people to collectively reimagine and reinvent public spaces as the heart of every community. Strengthening the connection between people and the places they share, placemaking refers to a collaborative process by which we can shape our public realm in order to maximize shared value. More than just promoting better urban design, placemaking facilitates creative patterns of use, paying particular attention to the physical, cultural, and social identities that define a place and support its ongoing evolution (‘People and Placemaking - rescue.earth - Rescue Earth System’, no date).

Most great places, whether a grand downtown plaza or humble neighborhood park, share four key attributes:

Public space is inherently multidimensional. Successful and genuine public spaces are used by many different people for many different purposes at many different times of the day and the year. Because public spaces harbor so many uses and users—or fail to do so—they are also where a staggering cross-section of local and global issues converge (Heritage assets and placemaking, no date).

1. They are accessible and well connected to other important places in the area. 2. They are comfortable and project a good image. 3. They attract people to participate in activities there. 4. They are sociable environments in which people want to gather and visit again and again.

fig 7: Principles of Urban Placemaking 34 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

fig 6: Definition of a Place

Placemaking is • Community-driven • Visionary • Function before form • Adaptable • Inclusive • Focused on creating destinations • Context-specific • Dynamic • Trans-disciplinary • Transformative • Flexible • Collaborative • Sociable

Power of 10+

To be successful, cities need destinations. They need destinations that give an identity and image to their communities, and that help attract new residents, businesses, and investment. But they also need strong community destinations that attract people. A destination might be a downtown square, a main street, a waterfront, a park, or a museum. Cities of all sizes should have at least 10 destinations where people want to be. What makes each destination successful is that it has multiple places within it. For example, a square needs at least 10 places: a café, a children’s play area, a place to read the paper or drink a cup of coffee, a place to also sit, somewhere to meet friends, etc. Within each of the places, there should be at least 10 things to do. Cumulatively, these activities, places and destinations are what make a great city. We call this big idea the “Power of 10+.”

Placemaking is not • Top-down • Reactionary • Design-driven • A blanket solution or quick fix • Exclusionary • Car-centric • One-size-fits-all • Static • Discipline-driven • One-dimensional • Dependent on regulatory controls • A cost/benefit analysis fig 8: Principles of Urban Placemaking Core Research | 35

The ten issue areas where placemaking can have the most transformative impact are: equity & inclusion; streets as places; architecture of place; innovation hubs; market cities; place governance; sustainability & resilience; rural communities; creative placemaking; and health.

fig 9: Principles of Urban Placemaking

36 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Access & Linkages

Comfort & Image

Uses & Activities

Sociability

You can easily judge the accessibility of a place by noting its connections to the surroundings, including the visual links. A great public space is easy to get to, easy to enter, and easy to navigate. It is arranged so that you can see most of what is going on there, both from a distance and up close. The edges of a public space also play an important role in making it accessible. A row of shops along a street, for instance, is more interesting and generally safer to walk along than a blank wall or an empty lot. Accessible spaces can be conveniently reached by foot and, ideally, public transit, and they have high parking turnover.

A space that is comfortable and looks inviting is likely to be successful. A sense of comfort includes perceptions about safety, cleanliness, and the availability of places to sit. A lack of seating is the surprising downfall of many otherwise good places. People are drawn to places that give them a choice of places to sit, so they can be either in or out of the sun at various times of day or year.

A range of activities are the fundamental building blocks of a great place. Having something to do gives people a reason to come (and return) to a place. When there is nothing interesting to do, a space will sit empty. That’s the best measure that something is wrong. A carefully chosen range of activities will help a place attract a variety of people at different times of the day. A playground will draw young kids during the day, while basketball courts draw older kids after school, and concerts bring in everyone during the evening.

This is the most important quality for a place to achieve—and the most difficult. When a place becomes a favourite spot for people to meet friends, greet their neighbours, and feel comfortable interacting with strangers, then you are well on your way to having a great place.

Core Research | 37

WALKABILITY OF PUBLIC SPACES

1. Create fine-grained pedestrian circulation

2. Orient buildings to streets and open spaces

3. Organize uses to support social activity

Frequent and densely interconnected pedestrian routes are fundamental to walkability, shortening both actual and perceived distances. This can be accomplished by making city blocks smaller or by providing access through blocks via publicly accessible alleys, pathways or paseos (pedestrian boulevards) coupled with frequent crosswalks.

fig 10: Walkability of spaces 38 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

4. Place parking behind or below buildings

5. Address the human scale with landscape details

6. Provide clear and continuous pedestrian access

7. Build complete streets

fig 11: Walkability of spaces Core Research | 39

CONCLUSION & VISION Designing opportunities for impact through Community PARTICIPATION Community EMPOWERMENT Community INTERACTION

The vision of this project would be to use Architecture's ripple effect to design opportunities for impact. The principles of social architecture will be followed to benefit the local community. Markets will be perceived as inclusive public spaces specific to the needs of the community. These market spaces when combined with learning spaces such as skill training centres and exhibition areas become major nodes of public activity and help in balancing the economy.

Create a SENSE OF COMMUNITY through MARKETS Strengthen local community Catalyze neighbourhood development Provide economic opportunities Improve public health Bring diverse people together 40 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Providing space for informal markets and vendors within the community centre will help in increasing the footfall and also promote inclusivity.

02.2 CASE STUDIES 2.2.1 Saket Anupam Complex, New Delhi 2.2.2 New Friends Colony community centre, New Delhi 2.2.3 Preet Vihar community centre, New Delhi 2.2.4 San Bernabe' community centre, Mexico 2.2.5 Urban remediation and infrastructure hub, Sao Paolo

CASE EXAMPLES Dilli Haat, INA, New Delhi Triveni Kala Sangam, New Delhi Pioneer Courthouse Square

2.2.1 SAKET COMMUNITY CENTRE, NEW DELHI

PROJECT INFORMATION: Location: Saket, New Delhi Site area: 25,000 sqm = 2.5 Ha Built-up area = Permissible FAR = 100 Achieved FAR = 55 Ground coverage = 25% Parking area = 9200 sqm

INTRODUCTION The Saket community centre is also known as Anupam complex. It is located in the residential locality of Saket. It was designed by DDA in 1984. Originally, it had the Anupam cinema, offices and retail. In 1997, the cinema was converted to India's first multiplex and renamed as PVR Anupam. Since then, a lot of informal shops and markets have come up which further increase make the community centre lively throughout the day.

Case studies | 43

CONNECTIVITY & CONTEXT Saket Anupam Complex lies at the intersection between the Mehrauli-Badarpur road and Press Enclave Road. The site is surrounded by a mix of residential, commercial as well as institutional buildings. Over the period of time, parts of the residential buildings on the ground floor have been converted into mixed use due to the lack of planned commercial facilities. It is well connected to the public transport by two nearest metro stations (Malviya nagar and Saket). There are two bus stops just outside the site.

fig 13: Site location

fig 12: Site connectivity 44 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

fig 14: Surrounding land-use

PROGRAMMATIC CONTENT

The complex comprises of the PVR Cinema, a three-star hotel, offices, retail outlets and restaurants. The back of the complex comprises of post office and police post.

Retail restaurants food court banks ATMs Cinema hotel offices healthcare police post

User group

Visitors

professionals

Community

The ground floor has mostly retail outlets and restaurants. The offices have their entries from the parking area whereas the shops are accessible from the central pedestrian plazas. The accesses help in regulating the publicness of these functions horizontally.

Ground floor plan

First floor plan

Case studies | 45

MOVEMENT SYSTEM

fig 15: Site plan (Saket Anupam Complex) 46 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

BUILT-OPEN RELATIONSHIP

Case studies | 47

SITE EDGES

48 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM AND FACADE TREATMENT

The whole complex is designed in a plotted arrangement where each block has its separate structure and staircases. They are connected through common circulation corridor on the ground floor (public movement for retail). On the other hand, there are no corridors on the upper floors since each block has its individual staircase.

Uniformity in facade

Columns in elevation fig 16: Circulation system (Saket Anupam Complex) Case studies | 49

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM & CIRCULATION

fig 17: Structural system (Saket Anupam Complex) 50 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SPATIAL ORGANISATION

SPATIAL ORGANISATION Vehicular movement is restricted to the peripheries of the site. Pedestrian axes have been created in both the directions which draw people in.

Ground floor

Some of the shops own more than one plot on the ground floor. Hence, they've used facade treatment as a tool to hide the structural gap between the two blocks and unify the facade.

One large amphitheatre and a smaller spillout area for community as well as public use. Shop sizes: a retail street forming a network of pedestrian circulation

1.8m wide corridors on ground floor

structural gap between two blocks

Typical floor

Absence of circulation corridors on upper floors. Individual cores for each plot.

12m X 14m

12m X 16m

4.5m X 12m

20m X 16m

10m X 14m

14m X 14m

20m X 14m Case studies | 51

2.2.2 PREET VIHAR COMMUNITY CENTRE, NEW DELHI

PROJECT INFORMATION: Location: Preet Vihar, New Delhi Site area: 37,000 sqm = 3.7 Ha

fig 18: Preet Vihar Community Centre 52 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

CONNECTIVITY & CONTEXT Vikas Marg is the major road passing through the Preet Vihar Community Centre. The connectivity in the east is via Karkardooma Flyover which links the zone to Noida. The site is well connected by Metro. On the West, ITO junction connects the site via Laxmi Nagar District Centre. A network of roads and MRTS provides good connectivity to access other destinations.

fig 20: Preet Vihar Community Centre (Site location)

fig 19: Preet Vihar Community Centre (Site connectivity)

fig 21: Preet Vihar Community Centre ( land-use) Case studies | 53

PROGRAMMATIC CONTENT

The complex comprises of the a multipurpose hall, hospital, offices, retail outlets and restaurants. Community facilities comprise of a total of 18 percent of the total built-up.

Community hall kiosks food court public plaza offices hospital multilevel parking

User group

Visitors

professionals

54 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Community

The ground floor has mostly retail outlets and restaurants. The offices have their entries from the parking areas and peripheral roads whereas the shops are accessible from the central pedestrian plazas. The accesses help in regulating the publicness of these functions horizontally.

fig 22: Preet Vihar Community Centre Ground floor plan

MOVEMENT SYSTEM

Yamuna Bank Station to the left and the intersection of Vikas Marg and Link Road to the right

Foot over-bridges connecting Laxmi Nagar Station to different sides of the road intersection

fig 23: Circulation system

Nirman Vihar Station with the Lakshmi Nagar Commercial Complex and the adjoining V3S Mall Case studies | 55

BUILT-OPEN RELATIONSHIP

Stack parking has been provided in the complex, under the open area in order to maximise parking space. A buffer of 4.5 m has been kept from the building to minimise the effect on the building foundation. Area of Basement: 12165 sq m Circulation Area: 7182 sq m No. of cars: 450 Area occupied by parking: 3837 sq m figure ground

fig 24: basement parking plan 56 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SPATIAL ORGANISATION

SECTION-BB'

INFERENCES: multilevel car parking in the basement that caters to the community in addition to the visitors. Retain the existing greens on site. Retail spread across the site to create multple active nodes and hence ensure safety.

SECTION-AA'

Relocate informal vendors within the site to increase footfall and improve user experience

Case studies | 57

SITE EDGES

Facade treatment

fig 25: Informal market & kiosks

58 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

fig 26: Informal vendors

PROPOSAL FOR RELOCATION OF INFORMAL MARKET AND LANDSCAPING Design considerations • Maximum number of kiosks should be located near the main entrance with few along the main spine and the rest spread evenly on the secondary axis near the entrances. • Select attractively designed benches, trash containers and bicycle racks that complement the existing architecture. • Street furniture should be comfortable and convenient for the elderly and handicapped. • Vehicular movement and parking is prohibited in this zone, in order to encourage pedestrian movement and create more open public spaces. • No existing tree can be removed.

Existing kiosk area- 67.63 sq m Proposed kiosk area- 200 sq m

• The entrance plaza should provide sitting and recreational spaces for premise users and visitors. • For minimum maintenance of green spaces creating lawns should be avoided, while planters should be promoted. • Designated zone for street vendors/kiosks. • Landscaped plaza for mall users and visitors. • Pedestrian entrance plaza. Case studies | 59

2.2.3 NEW FRIENDS COLONY COMMUNITY CENTRE, NEW DELHI PROJECT INFORMATION: Location: New Friends Colony, New Delhi Site area: 31,000 sqm = 3.1 Ha

INTRODUCTION New Friend’s Colony market differs from the other examples in that it is located to the east, is adjacent to one of the busiest intersections in the city, and is located to the edge of the Colony. Moreover, it does not bear any resemblance to the typical layout of Community Centre markets, but approximates a town centre development, having the typical property of grid intensification from the surrounding areas.

60 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

CONNECTIVITY & CONTEXT

PROGRAMMATIC CONTENT

Community hall kiosks food court public plaza offices hospital multilevel parking

The centre comprises 94 shops over 42,000 sq metres and a large number of informal, temporary shops. The market is also highly spatialised: the central boulevard consists of specialty restaurants and coffee shops, the central court a variety of conveniences like office stationery and general stores, and the rear portion an informal food court with a several versions of Indian fast-food. There is also a cinema which is under redevelopment and a luxury hotel adjacent.

User group

fig 27: Site location

Visitors

professionals

Community Case studies | 61

MOVEMENT SYSTEM

New Friends Colony market displays the characteristics of grid intensification, and forms a dense network of pedestrianised boulevards and courtyards, with parking and vehicular access around the periphery.

fig 28: Circulation system 62 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Movement pattern

SPATIAL ORGANISATION

Zoning

Vertical zoning

fig 29: Zoning diagram & sections

Case studies | 63

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

The central court of New Friends Colony market presents a very different picture to the main boulevard. Here, the majority of shops are groceries, general stores, stationers and conveniences.

fig 30: Facade treatment 64 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

fig 31: Main boulevard with retail outlets and restaurants

2.2.4 COMMUNITY CENTRE, SAN BERNABE' The project for the community center of San Bernabé offers a building-street, which tries and transmits civic values inherent to the urban structure of the neighborhood.

PROGRAMMATIC CONTENT

PROJECT INFORMATION:

Public plazas Basketball court gymnasium Open courts Skill training centre medical facilities multipurpose halls community toilets

Location: Mexico Architect: Felipe Pich-Aguilera, Teresa Batlle Site area: 17,800 sqm

CONNECTIVITY & CONTEXT Beyond the scope of the community center itself, the project aims to reflect in an open way about its limits in time and space, as befits for an urban structure.

User group

Community

fig 32: Surrounding land-use

Students, Community

Community, visitots Case studies | 65

This building-Street is conceived as a framework for the relationship and the expression of individuals and the community, so that it will be getting stronger as the citizens start to discover it and living freely in it too. In addition, it attempts to bind with the web of existing neighborhood streets, prolonging therefore their most common routes and giving priority to pedestrians over the traffic.

66 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SPATIAL ORGANISATION

Case studies | 67

SPATIAL ORGANISATION

the architecture of San Bernabé Community Center explores a look that will be able to transmit the dignity of civic compromise than the building itself represents as well as its presence in the middle of the city should contribute to the dissemination of the values that drive it. 68 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

The specific uses of the functional program are located in dispersed volumes, arranged along a guideline, thus configuring a street that will function as such and that is really the heart of the project.

INFERENCES

movement pattern

This street built within, acts like the backbone of the built bodies that house the functional program of the community center and responds to an urban vision as a whole, in this sense its journey is punctuated by three spaces of quite a length which may be called squares, each one of them linked to an adjacent activity.

Case studies | 69

FACADE TREATMENT

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Sienna coloured cement stucco Extruded polyestererne insulation

Concrete block wall filled with sand and painted on the inside Wooden panels for facade

Precast concrete The project includes an allocation for renewable energy production, integrated into the architecture from the system of "solar beams" that make up the shade

SUSTAINABLE FEATURES

Extruded polyesterene insulation Treated local wood planks fixed on acoustic battens

INFERENCES On the other hand, the whole project was conceived as a bioclimatic infrastructure which tries to obtain its levels of comfort by combining the local natural resources, both climatic and material ones, leaving the contribution of conventional machinery as a complementary provision to meet only extreme heat spikes throughout the year.

Use of skylights and louveres to minimise the use of artificial lighting 70 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Pergolas along the main pedestrian street

2.2.5 URBAN REMEDIATION CENTRE & INFRASTRUCTURE HUB, SAO PAOLO The proposed urban model aims to translate a society's need for equal access to employment, technology, services, education, and resources - fundamental rights for all city dwellers – into spatial solutions.

PROGRAMMATIC CONTENT Rehearsal rooms, practice rooms performance hall terrace / play space seating for outdoor public events and sports Community centre public elevator urban agriculture

Location: Sao Paolo, Brazil Architect: Urban Think Tank Site area: 18,580 sqm

User group

CONNECTIVITY & CONTEXT Despite its central urban location, the marginalized area of Grotão within Paraisópolis is effectively separated from the formal city. The project fundamentally transforms this void into a

Community, visitors

Figure ground around site

Community

Community, visitors

Case studies | 71

Figure ground

Movement pattern In addition to stabilizing the challenging topography and eliminating further erosion damage, the new terraced landscape transforms Grotão into a natural arena that encourages diverse community participation. The intervention opens the edges of the void to re-establish connections within the isolated urban fabric Vertical zoning 72 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Urban Agriculture

o the public and also he public access throughic circulation system in an y. The ramp system also areas and uses within the

The urban agriculture helps transform the space from an empty void to a productive space within Paraisópolis. Not only does the urban agriculture provide food production on the small scale, but it also provides the community with the knowledge of this production and ability to implement this system elsewhere.

CIRCULATION

Project Components: Components: Project Project Components: Music School Ethical and Ethicalstandards Standards Each project component addresses several of the five key Each component addressesprototype. several of the five key pointsproject and serves as a transferable Each project component addressesprototype. several of the five key points and serves as a transferable points and serves as a transferable prototype.

e Area

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social equity The project expands the definition of sustainabil-

Urban Agriculture

community participation in both the initial design phase and in the positive for theConsidering future. The processof isthe built on in community participation in both thedesign initial design phase and the end use growth of the space. the sensitivity work and community participation in both the initial design phase and the end use of the space. Considering the sensitivity the work and the importance of the community, specialized fieldof offices arein set endby use of the space. Considering the sensitivity the work the importance of the community, specialized fieldof offices are and set up local government to assist residents during neighborhood theby importance of the community, specialized fieldneighborhood offices are set up local government to assist residents during improvement processes. up by local government improvement processes.to assist residents during neighborhood improvement processes.

Music School Quality Environmental Environmental Quality Terraces Environmental Quality Terraces arts school. It acEnvironmental Quality Fabrica de Música serves as a music and performing and Resource Efficiency andThe Resource Efficiency Terraces and Resource Efficiency and Resource Efficiency comodates classes, rehearsals, and full performances. The building itself is a catalyst for positive change and a hub/node of innovative and cost-efficient Urban Agriculture Thetechnologies. projectIt serves utilizes site as a prototype (as well as a set of prototypes) that can be adapted to other High-Risk sites as well as other areas of the city. The urban agriculture helps transform the space fromto an empty void to a proorientation provide ductive space within Paraisópolis. Not only does the urban agriculture provide food production on the smalla scale, but it also provides theof community combination bothwith the knowledge of this production and ability to implement this system elsewhere. passive and active

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han o e

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The new terrace system combines necessary physical infrastructure with social The new terrace system combines necessary infrastructure infrastructure, providing space for flexible andphysical adaptable program. with The social terThe new system combines necessary infrastructure with infrastructure, providing space for flexible adaptable program. The social terraces alsoterrace make important connections to and thephysical surrounding neighborhood via infrastructure, providing space for disconnected. flexible adaptable program. The terraces also make important connections to and the surrounding neighborhood via existing pathways that have been A minimum of construction races also make important to the surrounding via existing pathways thatoutput haveconnections been disconnected. A minimum construction is used for maximum concerning the practical needsneighborhood ofofsafety (erosion, existing pathways that have been disconnected. A minimum of construction is used for maximum output concerning the practical needs of safety (erosion, stormwater runoff, etc) and the desires of public space and social infrastructure. is used for maximum output concerning practical of safety (erosion, stormwater runoff, etc) and the desires ofthe public spaceneeds and social infrastructure. stormwater runoff, etc) and the desires of public space and social infrastructure.

Urban Agriculture Urban Agriculture Urban Agriculture The urban agriculture helps transform the space from an empty void to a pro-

Field, Performance Area Field, Performance Area Field, Performance Area The field serves as an area for sports as well as a stage for outdoor performanc-

Music School Music School Music The FabricaSchool de Música serves as a music and performing arts school.

Public Elevator Public Elevator Public The buildingElevator elevator also acts as a public elevator that provides access to all

Site Access Site Access Site Access Access to the site is provided by two roads, one at the top of the slope and the

The ramp accessible system thatfrom moves the site open the to the public and throughalso handicap topthrough to bottom. Thisisallows public access The ramp system thatfrom moves the is site isallows open to the public and alsoin an handicap accessible top tonew bottom. This the public access throughout the site and building. Thisthrough ramp a new public circulation system handicap accessible from top tonew bottom. allows the The public access throughout site and building. This ramp isThis a new public circulation system in an areathe known for challenging and dangerous topography. ramp system also out site and building. This ramp is topography. a different new public circulation system in an area known for challenging andnew dangerous The ramp system ties the together and makes accessible all of the areas and uses withinalso the area known for challenging and dangerous topography. The ramp system also ties together and makes accessible all of the different areas and uses within the project. ties together and makes accessible all of the different areas and uses within the project. project.

The urban agriculture helps transform space an empty void to provide a productive space within Paraisópolis. Notthe only doesfrom the urban agriculture The urban agriculture helps space from anthe empty void to provide a productive space within Paraisópolis. only does the urban agriculture food production on the smalltransform scale,Not butthe it also provides community with the ductive space within Paraisópolis. Not does the urban agriculture provide food production on the small scale, butonly itto also provides the system community with the knowledge of this production and ability implement this elsewhere. food production the small scale, but itto also provides this the system community with the knowledge of thison production and ability implement elsewhere. knowledge of this production and ability to implement this system elsewhere.

Contextual Contextual Contextual and Aesthetic Impact and Aesthetic Impact and Aesthetic Impact

The site is fundamentally transformed from an inaccessible highThe site isinto fundamentally from an inaccessible risk zone a desirable transformed and productive space. In order tohighhandle The site isinto fundamentally transformed from an inaccessible risk zone a desirable andnew productive space. In order tohighhandle the challenging topography, section profiles were necessary riskretain zone the intohill a desirable productive order to handle the challenging topography, new section space. profilesIn were to and stop and further erosion/damage. Thisnecessary practical theretain challenging topography, newerosion/damage. section profiles were necessary to the hill and stop This practical infrastructural solution wasfurther embedded with important social to retain the hill and stop erosion/damage. practical infrastructural solution wasfurther embedded with important social infrastructure and re-establishes connections to the This existing but infrastructural solution was embedded with important social infrastructure and re-establishes connections to the node existing but fragmented neighborhood context. It is a dynamic of public infrastructure andfixed re-establishes connections to the node existing but fragmented neighborhood context. It is a dynamic of public space with both and flexible program. fragmented neighborhood context. It is a dynamic node of public space with both fixed and flexible program. space with both fixed and flexible program.

Music School Contextual and

for outdoor performancfrom the urban agridifferent pieces of the

Aesthetic Impact The site is fundamentally transformed from an inaccessible highrisk

The Fabrica de Música serves as a music and performing arts school. It accomodates classes, rehearsals, and full performances. The building itself is a catalyst for positive change and a hub/node of innovative and cost-efficient technologies. It serves as a prototype (as well as a set of prototypes) that can Performance be adapted toEconomic other High-Risk sites as well as other areas of the city. Economic Performance Economic Performance and Compatibility and Compatibility and Compatibility This urban intervention fits into a larger network of slum upgrading This urban intervention into a larger itnetwork slum upgrading projects financed by thefits city. However, is a newoftypology and This urban intervention fits into a larger oftypology slum upgrading projects financed by the city. However, itnetwork is can a new andthis conceptual framework that re-defines what be done within projects it financed the city.re-defines However, it isincan athese new andthis conceptual that what betypology done within budget; isframework a newby prototype for building areas. conceptual that re-defines whatincan be areas. done within this budget; it isframework a new prototype for building these budget; it is aof new building these areas.to changes The program theprototype project is for flexible and in able to adapt The program of(daily, the project is flexible to adapt based on need seasonal, etc.). and The able project serves to aschanges a new The program ofactivities, the project flexible and tothe adapt changes based need (daily, seasonal, etc.). The able project serves as a only new hub of on various andisits introduction into siteto not based needactivities, (daily,forms seasonal, etc.). The project serves a only new hub of on various and introduction into the site as not provides immediate of its exchange (music, agriculture, social, hub of various activities, and introduction into the site not only provides immediate of its exchange (music, agriculture, social, knowledge, etc.), butforms also serves as a catalyst that encourages new provides immediate forms of exchange (music, agriculture, social, knowledge, etc.), but also serves as a catalyst that encourages new uses in the surrounding areas. The urban agriculture encourages a knowledge, etc.), but also serves as a catalyst that encourages new uses in the surrounding areas. The urban agriculture encourages a new micro-economy in an otherwise unusable space, and replaces uses in the surrounding areas. Theand urban agriculture encourages new micro-economy in an unusable space, and replaces the dangerous void with anotherwise active productive zone that feedsa newdangerous micro-economy in ananotherwise unusable space, and replaces the void active and productive zone that feeds directly back into thewith neighborhood and into the city. the dangerous void an active and productive zone that feeds directly back into thewith neighborhood and into the city. directly back there into the into the city. In São Paulo is aneighborhood long history ofand concrete construction. Using In São Paulo there is a long history ofexisting concreteknowledge construction. concrete for the building utilizes this but Using In São Paulo there is a applications long history of concrete construction. concrete for the building utilizes this existing knowledge but Using incorporates low-tech that greatly improve performance concrete for the building utilizes this existing knowledge but incorporates low-tech applications that greatly improve performance at low cost. incorporates at low cost. low-tech applications that greatly improve performance at low cost.

Site Access

Music School Economic Performance

Wetlands Wetlands Wetlands The wetland system provides a passive filtration system for water re-use on-site. The provides a passive system forirrigation water re-use on-site. The wetland water cansystem be re-used for gray waterfiltration applications and for the urwetland provides aprovide passive forirrigation water re-use on-site. The water cansystem beThe re-used for gray waterafiltration applications and for the urban agriculture. wetlands catalystsystem to transform water, once seen Thea agriculture. water can be re-used gray water and irrigation theseen urban The wetlands provide a applications catalyst to transform water,for once as destructive force, intofor productive element. bana agriculture. The wetlands provideelement. a catalyst to transform water, once seen as destructive force, into productive as a destructive force, into productive element.

as a public elevator that provides access to all Access to the site is provided by two roads, one at the top of the slope and the es (a 25 meter height difference). other at the bottom. The lower street adjacent to the building contains a bus r performancThe Fabrica de Música serves as a stop music and performingPublic arts school. It ac-is then able to continue up the hill via and turnaround. circulation rban agricomodates classes, rehearsals, andthe fullpublic performances. Thebridge building itself is a elevator and connections. eces of the catalyst for positive change and a hub/node of innovative and cost-efficient technologies. It serves as a prototype (as well as a set of prototypes) that can be adapted to other High-Risk sites as well as other areas of the city. Innovation Innovation Innovation and Transferability and Transferability and Transferability This comprehensive system of social infrastructure, public space,

The as an areafor formarkets sports asthat wellsell as produce a stage for outdoor performances. Itfield alsoserves provides space from the urban agriThe Itfield serves asisan areafor for sports asthat well as produce a of stage outdoor performances. also provides space markets sell from thepieces urban agriculture. The field a space that connects many the for different of the es. It also provides forthat markets that many sell produce from thepieces urban of agriculture. field is space a space connects of the different the project inThe an activated platform. culture. inThe is a space that connects many of the different pieces of the project an field activated platform. project in an activated platform.

It acThe Fabricaclasses, de Música serves asand a music and performing arts school.itself It accomodates rehearsals, full performances. The building is a The Fabrica de Música serves asand music andof performing arts school. It accomodates classes, rehearsals, full performances. The building itself is a catalyst for positive change and aa hub/node innovative and cost-efficient comodates classes, rehearsals, and full(as performances. The building itself a catalyst for positive change a hub/node ofas innovative and cost-efficient technologies. It serves as a and prototype well a set of prototypes) that is can catalyst for positive change a hub/node innovative and cost-efficient technologies. serves as a and prototype as a set of prototypes) be adapted to Itother High-Risk sites as (as wellwell asofother areas of the city. that can technologies. serves as a prototype as a set of prototypes) be adapted to Itother High-Risk sites as (as wellwell as other areas of the city. that can be adapted to other High-Risk sites as well as other areas of the city.

and Compatibility This urban intervention fits into a larger network of slum upgrading This comprehensive system technologies, of social infrastructure, public space, active and passive building and productivity is a This comprehensive system of social infrastructure, public active and passive building technologies, and productivity ishigh a risk conceptual framework that can be utilized to address otherspace, active and and similarly passive building technologies, and productivity ishigh a and conceptual framework that can be utilized to within address other risk zones challenging spaces, both Sao Paulo conceptual framework thatand canadaptable be utilized to within address other high risk zones andItsimilarly challenging spaces, both Sao Paulo and globally. is a prototype framework that encourages zones andand challenging spaces, within Sao and globally. Itsimilarly is aa prototype and adaptable framework thatPaulo encourages flexibility critical re-thinking of newboth design approaches and globally. and Itinisthese aa prototype and framework thatstrategy encourages flexibility critical re-thinking of new design approaches and processes spaces. It isadaptable a new urban model and flexibility and adisciplines critical re-thinking of new design approaches and processes in these spaces. It iscreates a new urban model strategy that combines and a platform forand communication processes in these spaces. It and iscreates a new urban model strategy that combines disciplines and a platform forand communication between top-down planning bottom-up initiatives. that combines disciplines andand creates a platform for communication between top-down planning bottom-up initiatives. between top-down and bottom-up initiatives. The combination of planning active and passive systems exceeds the The combination of active and passive systems exceeds the expectations set forth in recent guidelines for environmental The combination of active and passive systems exceeds the that the expectations set forth in recent guidelines for environmental sustainability proposed by the city of São Paulo, and ensures expectations set forth recent guidelines for environmental sustainability proposed by the of São and ensures building operates at a in very highcity level whilePaulo, maintaining a low that cost.the sustainability proposed by the of São and ensures building operates at a very highcity level whilePaulo, maintaining a low that cost.the building operates at ainvery level while maintaining a low cost. Transferability occurs twohigh directions and in several different Transferability occursconstruction in two directions and innew several different areas. The concrete introduces low-tech, low-cost Transferability occurs in two directions and innew several different areas. The concrete construction introduces low-tech, low-cost techniques while simultaneously utilizing existing knowledge of areas. The concrete construction introduces new knowledge low-tech, low-cost techniques while simultaneously existing of concrete construction. Membersutilizing of the community can participate in techniques whileof simultaneously utilizing existing knowledge of thatin concrete construction. Membersby ofmaking the community can participate the construction the building the concrete blocks concrete construction. Members the community can the construction of the byofmaking the concrete blocks thatin form the facade and canbuilding also utilize these techniques forparticipate their homes theother construction of building by making the concrete blocks that form the areas facade can also utilize these techniques their homes or ofand thethe neighborhood. The school itself for provides form the areas facade and utilize these techniques for theiran homes or other the can neighborhood. The school itselfbecome provides education andof music as aalso cultural export. Music has or other areas the activity neighborhood. The school itself provides education andof music as a cultural export. Music has become an incredibly important and institution not only in São Paulo education and music as a cultural export. Music hasin become an incredibly activity andthe institution not only Sãonecessary Paulo but all overimportant South America, and building provides the incredibly important activityand and institution not only provides in the Sãonecessary Paulo but all for over South education. America, the building provides space musical The urban agriculture both but all over South America, and the building provides the necessary space for musical education. The urban agriculture provides both a tangible product that generates the possibility for new microspace for musical The urban agriculture provides bothcan a tangible product that generates the possibility for new microeconomies as welleducation. as a knowledge of small-scale production that a tangible product that generates the possibility for new microeconomies as well as a the knowledge of small-scale production that can proliferate throughout neighborhood. economiesthroughout as well as a the knowledge of small-scale production that can proliferate neighborhood. proliferate throughout the neighborhood.

Site Access

levator that provides access to all er height difference).

Public Ramp System Public Ramp System Public Ramp System The ramp system that moves through the site is open to the public and also

Access to the site is provided by two roads, one at the top of the slope and the other at the bottom. The lower street adjacent to the building contains a bus stop and turnaround. Public circulation is then able to continue up the hill via The Fabrica de Música serves as a the music andelevator performing school. It acpublic andarts bridge connections. comodates classes, rehearsals, and full performances. The building itself is a catalyst for positive change and a hub/node of innovative and cost-efficient technologies. It serves as a prototype (as well as a set of prototypes) that can be adapted to other High-Risk sites as well as other areas of the city.

Music School

t provides access to all ifference).

Innovation and Transferability It is a new urban model and strategy that combines disciplines and creates a

Integration/Connections Integration/Connections Integration/Connections The Fabrica de Música and landscape work as one building.

The connection The Fabrica de Música as one building. bridges provide access and fromlandscape landscapework to building, and they The formconnection a compreThe Fabrica de Música as to one building. The connection bridges provide access from landscape to building, and all they formin athe comprehensive circulation pathand thatlandscape allows thework public access levels building bridges provide the access from landscape to building, and all they form athe comprehensive circulation path that allows the public to access levels building and throughout landscape. Access throughout these paths isinlargely public, hensive that allows theentrances. public to access levelsisinlargely the building and thepath landscape. Access throughout theseallpaths public, whilethroughout stillcirculation maintaining secure building and throughout the landscape. Accessentrances. throughout these paths is largely public, while still maintaining secure building while still maintaining secure building entrances.

Site Access Access to the site is provided by two roads, one at the top of the slope and the other at the bottom. The lower street adjacent to the building contains a bus stop and turnaround. Public circulation is then able to continue up the hill via the public elevator and bridge connections.

Before Before Before

The building elevatorand alsoterraces acts as a(apublic elevator that provides access to all levels in the building 25 meter height difference). The building elevatorand alsoterraces acts as a(apublic elevator that provides access to all levels in the building 25 meter height difference). levels in the building and terraces (a 25 meter height difference).

Access thebottom. site is provided bystreet two roads, oneto atthe thebuilding top of the slope and the other attothe The lower adjacent contains a bus Access thebottom. site is provided bystreet two roads, oneable atthe the top of the slope and the other attothe The lower adjacent to contains a bus stop and turnaround. Public circulation is then tobuilding continue up the hill via other at the bottom.and The lower street adjacent to the a bus stop and turnaround. Public circulation is then able tobuilding continuecontains up the hill via the public elevator bridge connections. stoppublic and turnaround. circulation is then able to continue up the hill via the elevator andPublic bridge connections. the public elevator and bridge connections.

After After After

Case studies | 73

SPATIAL ORGANISATION

74 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

FACADE TREATMENT

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

The Fabrica de Música and the landscape act as one building, each one interacting with the other to form a comprehensive whole.

The façade itself is comprised of a variety of elements that will serve as components within the orientation and function of the building.

Column grid = 6.5m X 5.4m

SUSTAINABLE FEATURES

Agriculture diagram

The Fabrica de Música and the landscape act as one building, each one interacting with the other to form a comprehensive whole. Landscape and urban agriculture

INFERENCES This is a vital catalyst in the area, expanding music and cultural programs into the favela while forming a new network that serves the youth from all levels of society. The upper zone contains new replacement housing for those displaced from high-risk zones. Commercial spaces are introduced on the first level as an economic vehicle that activates the street level and stimulates the microeconomy of the urban agriculture on site. Case studies | 75

76 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

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Case studies | 79

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Case studies | 81

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TRIVENI KALA SANGAM, About: Triveni Kala Sangam is an important cultural and arts complex located in New Delhi. It is situated on Tansen Marg, between Mandi House roundabout and Bengali Market.

PROJECT INFORMATION: Location: Tansen Marg, Mandi House, New Delhi Architect: Joseph Allen Stein Site area: 4,050 sqm

CONTEXT

The area is mostly surround- LEGEND : ed by sociocultural institutions, government offices, markets as well as residential areas. The cultural hub of the city attracts many people from distant parts of the city. Transit nodes like the Mandi House Metro station, which also is an interchange station, connects this area with distant parts of the city.

Many renowned auditoriums of the city are located in vicinity of the Metro station. The opportunity to connect different cultural districts with a safe pedestrian network is one of the essential design parameters.

INFERENCES Easily accessible Located amidst a lot of cultural centres Formal and informal spaces have their separate entry/exits without disturbing the functioning of other spaces Lack of parking areas Surrounding land-use Case studies | 83

CONNECTIVITY

PROGRAMMATIC CONTENT Music and dance studios Open Air theatre library Cafe (indoor + outdoor) Exhibition galleries Admin area Auditorium (250 capacity) Painting abd sculpture workshop Residential apartments

User group

Artists

Students

Visitors

INFERENCES Perfectly synchronized indoor and outdoor spaces Clarity in functioning of each and every space Large number of functions to be accomodated on a small site A high degree of flexibility required for various functions Connectivity to the city 84 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SPATIAL ORGANISATION

Enclosure achieved by surrounding the space with low-height structures which relate to the human height. Focus has been made towards the stage and thus, the user faces away from the main tall block. The pergolas and the green spaces used together create informal inviting spaces.

INFERENCES • • • •

MAIN ENTRANCE

CORRIDORS LOOKING INTO THE OAT

The centre is organized into a four-storey classroom block with a canteen and shaded dining and terrace. An art gallery on ground floor with a shaded cafe with pergola on the terrace above towards the west. A semi-open stage opening into an open area theatre which is the heart of the whole complex and remains active throughout the day. The auditorium and residential blocks create a well shaded sculpture court in the middle for painting and sculpture classes.

SEMI-OPEN CAFE ADJACENT TO THE OAT Case studies | 85

FACADE TREATMENT

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Facade: jaali ART GALLERY

EN-

Structure: coffered slab

Jaalis and planters in the external facade of corridors: The jaalis provide thermal comfort in the corridors through passive cooling and hence, promote social interaction.

SUSTAINABLE FEATURES Most of the building services in the residential block are

Use of planters on west facade 86 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Use of coffered slab in the main reception and foyer area

Large fenestrations in the stairwell with planters let in ample amount of sunlight with optimum thermal comfort.

Facade: vertical garden

INFERENCES The buildings are well oriented to receive maximum daylight Arrangement of spaces in a manner such that they don't clash into each other OAT oriented in the east-west direction so that the events don't require any artificial lighting during the day.

DILLI HAAT, INA, NEW DELHI Ti. etionte imovertam in sentemn icaesulius iaessimus hor ad atua me ficibul torarite quam noximus consult intemus es audena, speridEdesse, mendam laricae, ute

PROJECT INFORMATION: Location: INA, New Delhi Architect: Pradeep Sachdeva Site area: 30,000 sqm Built-up area: 3,190 sqm

CONTEXT Dilli Haat is located at INA, Kidwai Nagar which lies in Southern part of Delhi and is well connected to other parts pf the city by a dense road network and public transport.

INFERENCES In response to the given site and a participatory design brief, that emerged through discussions with craft persons, probable users and other stakeholders, it was resolved in to a spatial se-quence and configuration (Fig.3) making the Haat a feasible urban public space experience.

Surrounding building land-use Case studies | 87

CONNECTIVITY

PROGRAMMATIC CONTENT As a result the spatial pro-gram includes an entrance plaza, raised to block vehic-ular access and bring a new spatial identity for pe-destrian circulation and tick-eting services for entry to Dilli Haat.

The site is well connected to the city with a dense road network. It lies in close proximity of INA metro station as well as the bus stop.

It is followed by a linear spine of movement flanked by stalls on both sides in cluster patterns showcasing the local and the regional crafts of India. Connectivity to the city

Activity nodes

Vehicular circulation Pedestrian circulation

CIRCULATION

To transform Dilli Haat into a successful public experi-ence, the food plazas and a performance arena culmi-nate this spatial journey.

The front entrance plaza has exhibition halls and open spaces which draw people in. A craft retail street running across the site leads the to the main performance and food court area. Vehicular circulation is restricted to the peripheries of the site. A continuous pedestrian loop has been designed throughout the site.

User group

Artists

Community

Visitors

INFERENCES

The connectivity analysis of the axial map of Dilli Haat shows that the street corresponding to the first half of central spine from entrance has the highest values of connectivity but com-paratively smaller values of integration to the overall system. This is by virtue of its linear character which supports its function as a shopping street.

88 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SPATIAL ORGANISATION

The over all area available was approximately 100m x 300 m. The site itself posed unusual constraints like the nallah running through the entire length . The nallah was covered with R.C.C. Slab but it was not allowed to construct any structure over it as it no t been designed to take such loads. This resulted in planning of building towards the periphery. The two sides of the nallah had been filled up with soil, necessitating foundation as much as 8m deep.

INFERENCES

The food zones that flank as networks on both sides of the spine after the round about has a medium level of visual connectivity and inte-gration. The lower most portion of the site has lesser integration levels due to its visual discontinuity.

Dilli Haat Current growth pattern of Informal Shops marked in red Case studies | 89

SPATIAL ORGANISATION

MODULE SIZES PERMANENT SHOPS enclosed from 3 sides lesser frontage Shop size: 1.8mX3m

Urban interface: Use of free standing pillars and difference in levels to define an edge while blurring the boundaries of the built-open interface.

Plan showing the zoning: The front entrance plaza has exhibition halls and open spaces which draw people in. A craft retail street running across the site leads the to the main performance and TEMPORARY SHOPS (flexibility / modularity) open from all sides more frontage Shop size: 1.5mX2m

FOOD COURT LAYOUT 90 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

DINING HALL LAYOUT

MATERIALS

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Masonry and timber structure

Brick flooring

Kota stone flooring

Bamboo roof structure

INFERENCES

Site planning as a result of restrictions due to existing conditions on site. Formation of a central spine with shops and informal markets on both the sides.

Timber structure

Evolution of spaces with the coming up of informal shops in the complex Sequence of spaces - entrance, market, foodcourt, cultural and performance spaces at one end. Natural stone flooring

Fibre sheet framed

SUSTAINABLE FEATURES

Section showing drain under the site Case studies | 91

PIONEER COURTHOUSE SQUARE, PORTLAND PROJECT INFORMATION:

Location: Portland, USA Architect: Site area: 5,200 sqm Built-up area:

Treatment of the urban interface at street level:

change in flooring materials and patterns ramps for universal accessibility dedicated pedestrian walkway

SPATIAL ORGANISATION

INFERENCES The square acts as bridge between two very important buildings around site i.e., the courthouse and a commercial tower. Being situated in the middle of these two buildings, it ensures pedestrian access across the site in both the directions. The square acts as an imporatnt spillout area usedby these buildings as well as the community.

92 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

INFERENCES use of free-standing columns to create a sense of enclose treatment of the urban interface facilitating pedestrian access from all the sides seating along the road.

Case studies | 93

PARAMETERS SAKET COMMUNITY FOR ANALYCENTRE SIS

SAN BERNABE' COMMUNITY CENTRE

URBAN REMEDIATION & INFRASTRUCTURE HUB,

TRIVENI KALA SANGAM

DILLI HAAT, INA

Punjabi Bagh INFERENCES

Bus stop 175m away from the site (walking distance)

Well connected to the city via public transport and a dense street network

lies in close vicinity of the Barakhamba and Mandi house metro stations, a bus stop within walking dis-

Walking distance from the INA metro station and bus stop

The site should be well connected via public transport for it to function as a socio-cultural facility.

"a building-street which A centre for commutries and transmits civ- nity in response to the ic values inherent to diverse context the urban structure of the neighborhood"

A socio-cultural and educational centre with an OAT as heart of the complex

to design an urban crafts bazar to promote local arts and crafts

Using retail as a means to bridge the gap between the community and entertainment/

CONNECTIVITY Connectivity to two metro stations the city situated within 600m from site. 2 bus stops close to the site ARCHITECTURE Project vision/ concept

Functional relationship

A main pedestrian spine that connects the food court, cinema and the amphitheatre by placing

Retail upto first floor Public and semi-public and offices on the functions segregated upper floors. Separate through cluster formablocks for community tion

vertical zoning separates public and semi-public functions

vertical zoning sepaPublicness of the keeping retail on the rates public, semi-pub- functions varies as one most public edges lic and private funcmoves into the site and maximum upto tions along the central spine 2-3 floors.

Spatial organi- Shaded walkways on sation ground floor along the shops further opening into the central pedestrian spine.

Functions around the main spine (street)

Response to topography

OAT surrounded by four-storey block on one side due to restricted ground coverage on site. This shifts

Organisation of all functions around the main central pedestrian spine

Regulate the publicness of functions in vertical zoning.

Built language (Structure/ materials)

Modularity in the sizes of shops within the same structural grid giving the flexibility to vary sizes across

"Concrete block wall filled with sand and painted on the inside, Wooden panels for façade"

Façade design in response to building orientation and sunpath

RCC structure with Use of tranditional as coffered slabs, wooden well as contemporary pergolas construction materials

Modularity of structure to allow for flexibility in use. A combination of permanent and tem-

N-S orientation considering Delhi's composite climate

Evaporative cooling, louvres, solar PV panels

Sustainable features

94 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Urban agriculture, Use of jaalis and vegerainwater harvesting, tation on façade helps solar PV panels, pasin passive cooling sive cooling techniques

Site planning as a reN-S orientation sult of existing nallah use of solar PV panels on site passive cooling techniques

DESIGN DIRECTIVES PARAMETERS SAKET COMMUNITY FOR ANALYCENTRE SIS Design directives from the inferences

Could adopt the idea of a main pedestrian spine that connects the food court, cinema and the amphitheatre by placing retail along the spine

SAN BERNABE' COMMUNITY CENTRE

URBAN REMEDIATION & INFRASTRUCTURE HUB,

TRIVENI KALA SANGAM

The mix of functions This project has a The residential comand site area are well-balanced mix of ponent has been similar to the proposed both community as incorporated in the programmatic mix for well as cultural facilprogramme without Punjabi Bagh commu- ities. The response to isolating it from rest nity centre. The idea existing topography of the public functions, of a pedestrian urban and segregation of yet maintaining a cerstreet can be adopted private-public func- tain level a privacy. The in the proposed project. tions through vertical built-open relationship The spatial configuzoning is worth noting. as a result of tight conration of public-semi The project follows ditions on site is worth public functions. both active as well as noting. passive sustainable stragegies.

DILLI HAAT, INA

Punjabi Bagh community centre

The concept of an urCreate two nodes: ban crafts bazar helps one public and one in promoting local arts semi-public. Connect and crafts and also them through a retail initiates interaction street. between the locals and the tourists. This concept lies in line with the proposed community centre at Punjabi Bagh.

Case studies | 95

03 DESIGN PROJECT & PROGRAM 3.1 Project proposition 3.2 Developmental control norms 3.3 Area distribution 3.4 Inter-relationship diagram 3.5 Major components requirements 3.6 Detailed area program

PROJECT PROPOSITION

Community Upliftment

The aim of this project is to design an inclusive and self-sufficient environment for community development. The project also aims to bridge the gap between the community and the visitors by providing spaces for interaction.

Skill Development

Various skill-building programmes and promotion of local arts and crafts will help in promoting self-sufficiency.

Community Education

According to MPD 2021, a community centre catering to a population of 1 lakh with a minimum site area of 4.0 Ha should have the following facilities: Social interaction

Retail Shopping, Stockists and dealers of medicines and drugs, Commercial and Offices of local bodies, PSUs, Cinema, Cineplex, Hotels, Service Apptts. Restaurants, Banquet halls, Guest House, Nursing Home, Dispensary, Clinical Lab. Clinic & Poly Clinic, Coaching Centres / Training Institutes, Police Post, Post Office, Petrol Pump / CNG Station, Repair / Services, Bank, ATM, Informal Trade, Multi level parking.

Collaboration

Design project & program | 99

DEVELOPMENTAL CONTROL NORMS

Total area of DDA's plot = 26,500 sqm (2.6 Ha)

User group

Area of existing infrastructure (police post + petrol pump) = 2500sqm Available site area = 26,500-2500 = 24,000 sqm (2.4 Ha) Permissible ground coverage = 50% = 12,000 sqm

Community

professionals

Permissible FAR = 1.25 Total permissible built-up = 30,000 sqm Height restriction = 150m Setbacks = front 9m, side 6m ECS for community centre = 3 Total parking required = 900

100 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Creating a platform for interaction

Visitors

AREA DISTRIBUTION

Design project & program | 101

INTER-RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

102 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

MAJOR COMPONENTS & REQUIREMENTS COMMUNITY FACILITIES: HEALTH & WELLNESS: 1. Dayclinic: Ease of access for community. Universal accessibility to be kept in mind. 2. Gymnasium: Requires visual connection with the outdoor environment. HIgh cooling demand. 3. Yoga & meditation hall: Disconnected from rest of the complex in order to provide a silent indoor environment. Adjoining open space required. Direct visual/physical connection with the Jheel park. LEARNING & SKILL DEVELOPMENT: 1. Library: Public access. Visual connection with the park. Multifunctional spaces and flexible seating. 2. Coaching centre: Semi-public. Minimal visual connection with the outside. 3. Skill-development centre: The functional and intensity of usage may vary throughout the day. It should cater to a vast user group ranging from students to women of the neighbourhood as well as the people living in homeless shelters. COMMUNITY FACILITIES: 1. Vocational training centre: Should have lecture based classrooms as well as hands-on learning workshops. Open spaces will be an integral part of these spaces. 2. Daycare: After school daycare for students studying in the school near site. Creche facilities should be provided for users of the offices as well as other public spaces like retail and auditorium.

Design project & program | 103

3. Banquet: For large gatherings such as weddings and other functions. The space should be flexible for use as per the community's requirements. It should be able to host cultural as well as religious festivals. 4. Sports club: The sports club should be open to use for the community at a reasonable fee. It should have a large open space near it. 5. Administration: Semi-public. Not directly visible from the public realm. Information centre should be easily accessible by the neighbourhood residents. 6. Community kitchen & dining: Should act as a platform for interaction. Used by the local residents as well as the homeless. Should be open to use during community festivals and gatherings.

104 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

DETAILED AREA PROGRAM

Design project & program | 105

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Design project & program | 107

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Design project & program | 109

110 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

04 SITE ANALYSIS 4.1 Site location 4.2 Connectivity & context 4.3 Site history 4.4 Context plan 4.5 Site plan & development controls 4.6 Land-use 4.7 MAsterplan analysis 4.8 DUAC Proposal 4.9 Built fabric 4.10 Figure ground 4.11 Open space analysis 4.12 Vehicular movement 4.13 Pedestrian movement 4.14 Traffic and edge conditions 4.15 Surrounding built use 4.16 Supporting infrastructure 4.17 Natural features 4.18 Artificial features 4.19 Climate analysis 4.20 Context & site photos

SITE LOCATION

Pashchim Puri (planned colony)

Madipur

Shivaji Park (planned colony)

Density: 395

Punjabi Bagh (planned colony) Slums The site is situated in the Northern part of West Delhi.

Punjabi Bagh

(planned colony) Density: 21

Shivaji Park Colony

Madipur Village

Slums

Density: 50

Density: 540

Density: 580

(planned colony)

110 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

(urban village)

CONNECTIVITY & CONTEXT

Site Analysis | 111

SITE HISTORY

2002: Stadium (now) encroached by 2006: Existing vegetation on site

2008: Poorly maintained lakes

2014: Construction of the stadium

2020: Current status (site used for

temporary structures

112 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

2017: Network of greens around site

dumping, parking and functions

CONTEXT PLAN

Site Analysis | 113

SITE PLAN & DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS Total area of DDA’s plot = 26,500 sqm (2.6 Ha) Area of existing infrastructure (police post + petrol pump) = 2500sqm Available site area = 26,5002500 = 24,000 sqm (2.4 Ha) Permissible ground coverage = 50% = 12,000 sqm Permissible FAR = 1.25 Total permissible built-up = 30,000 sqm Height restriction = 150m ECS = 3 114 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

LAND-USE

The site lies in Zone-G according to Delhi masterplan 2021. The zone has a few important roads i.e, Rohtak road, Mahatma Gandhi Ring Road, NH-8 and Najafgarh Road. A few characteristics of zone-G are: • A network of greens forming a green belt • The area is bounded by Rewari railway line in the West, Airport on the North, NH-8 on the East and U.T. boundary line on the South. • In this area the land is proposed to be broadly used for residential, commercial, recreational, and, public-semi public facilities.

Land use around site The site lies under commercial landuse (Community centre) according to the Zonal developmental plan of zone-G. According to ZDP zone-G, the commercial centres currently existing in this zone should be upgraded as per requirements and sites for new community centres should be identified in accordance with the ZDP and land availability.

Zone-G land use plan

Site Analysis | 115

MASTERPLAN ANALYSIS

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DUAC PROPOSAL Socio-cultural,

Commercial, offices,

Total proposed built-up area = 24,500 sqm Basement = 2 floors = 793 cars (1255 cars if double basement MLCP is provided.)

Site Analysis | 117

DUAC PROPOSAL

Block A will be a G+5 structure in which the irst two loors are planned to be used for commercial activities, whereas rest of the loors will be used as an institutional area (ofices,institutes, etc). Block B will be a sociocultural wing dedicated to recreational/sports activities, etc. It is so designed that large gatherings (indoor) such as marriages, A 3D view of the proposed community centre as conferences, etc. can be organized in this block. seen from the park's side Open Air Theatre is the connecting factor between Block A and Block B. A large part of land in the rear has been left, and will be developed as an landscaped garden for outdoor activities. 793 cars in 2-loor underground parking below 118 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

INFERENCES The proposal lacks response to the open spaces (the lakes and JHeel park). Under-utilized FAR. Separate blocks for commercial and socio-cultural facilities (lack of spaces for social interaction).

BUILT FABRIC

The site (marked in yellow) has the Najafgarh drain located towards its south which has a lot of open areas around it. The site in particular is surrounded by a mix of urban densities ranging from planned housing colonies to urban villages and slums. The Jheel Park, Punjabi bagh district park and Sahib Singh Verma Stadium are parts of the mandatory greens as per ZDP zone-G and lie right next to the site. Hence, there's an opportunity to create an interface between the city and these community level greens through this intervention. Site Analysis | 119

FIGURE GROUND

120 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

OPEN SPACE ANALYSIS Network of greens around site

1. Duck lake Pashchim

2. Pashchim Puri Dis-

3. Vir Savarkar Park

4. Herbal Garden

Site Analysis | 121

VEHICULAR MOVEMENT National Highway (60m) Primary road (24m) Secondary road (18m)

TRAFFIC NODES

122 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

PEDESTRIAN MADIPUR METRO STATION (900m from site)

Metro station

Bus stop

Metro green line

Metro pink line

Bus route

ESI BASAIDARPUR METRO STATION (1.5 km from site)

Site Analysis | 123

TRAFFIC, PARKING AND EDGE CONDITIONS

SECTION-DD''

SECTION-EE''

SECTION-FF''

SECTION-BB' 124 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SECTION-CC''

SECTION-AA''

SURROUNDING BUILT USE

The surrounding built-use is predominantly residential with commercial, institutional and public-semi public facilities spread across the area. Due to the lack of sufficient planned commercial facilities in the area, ground floor of most of the buildings around site has been converted into mixed-use. Mixed-use

Recreational

Commercial

Public-semi public

Healthcare

Residential Site Analysis | 125

SUPPORTING INFRASTRUCTURE

126 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

DDA market, Pashchim Puri

Indira Market, Madipur

Punjabi bagh club

Central market, club Road

SUPPORTING INFRASTRUCTURE

Bhartiya Vidyapeeth University

Hansraj Model

Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Col-

S.M. Arya Public School

Action Balaji Hospital

Sumitra Hospital

Maharaja Agrasen Hospital

Site Analysis | 127

NATURAL FEATURES AROUND SITE Section-XX'

Alstonia scholaris

Mangifera Indica

Common name: Blackboard tree (Indian Devil's tree)

Common name: aam/ ambi Type: Semi-evergreen

Type: Evergreen

1. Bhagwati lake

Strong scented flowers

The pollen of this tree could cause allergies or respiratory issues.

leaves shed in January

Flowers first seen in

Acacia tortilis

2. Jambori lake

Common name: Israeli Babool

Source: DUAC 128 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Type: Evergreen

extremely drought-hardy, nothing nests in it, and it has absolutely no biodiversity

ARTIFICIAL FEATURES AROUND SITE

Bus stop Electric pole Overhead tank Stormwater drain Water pipeline

NATURAL SLOPE ON SITE The slope on site is in the direction of the arrows as shown in the plan above. The bottom right end of the site (towards club road) is the highest point on site with the park being at a level lower than the site. Site Analysis | 129

CLIMATOLOGY Site location: New Delhi 1

Climate: Composite 2

4 3

SHADING MASK ANALYSIS ON SITE 1. Edge between site 2. The main junction 3. Edge of the site 4. Towards the narand park at bottom left cor- facing Club road row lane

Some shading of the A part of the West Inadequate shading West facade mostly East and West facades shaded from the existfrom all the sides shaded due to the presing police post building ence of G+3 and G+4 Higher built mass and trees. Needs shading mainly mixed use blocks. required towards the towards the South South Requires built mass to Existing trees on this shade from the SouthSmaller facades oriedge Opportunity to open west end (Could be an ented towards E-W. So, provide additional 130 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

CLIMATOLOGY DESIGN DIRECTIVES

WIND DIRECTION

Wind rose diagram for Delhi (Dec-Feb)

Overall Wind rose diagram for Delhi The wind is most often from the east for 1.5 months, from July 14 to August 29, with a peak percentage of 41% on July 30. The wind is most often from the west for 4.1 weeks, from August 29 to September 27 and for 7.9 months, from November 18 to July 14, with a peak percentage of 34% on August 30. The wind is most often from the north

NW winds during winters NE winds could be used need to be blocked. The ex- as an opportunity to utiisting trees and the police lize the lakes and trees for evaporative post block on site act as a barrier for blocking these cooling during summers. The surrounding blocks go maximum upto 3-5 blocks. Therefore, the prevailing wind directions on site will be close to the overall wind pattern in Delhi. The site has a mix of evergreen and semi-evergreen trees mostly towards the Southern and Western site boundaries. These can be used for shading on site. Site Analysis | 131

CONTEXT PHOTOS 1

4 5 a b

6 c

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1. Encroachment by homeless shelters selling weaving products 2. Encroachment by cars parked along the road. 3. Illegal temporary extensions by existing shops onto the road, hawkers, and vehicular activity. 4. Activity around Indira market (vegetable market); temporary food stalls, also being used as a rickshaw stand causing congestion 5. Inactive edge between the street and the park 6 (a). Entrance to the Jheel park.

CONTEXT & SITE PHOTOS

7 8

14 11

15 Site Analysis | 133

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TECHNOLOGY

5.1 Sustainability 5.2 Services 5.3 Structures 5.4 Safety

LIFT CALCULATIONS OFFICES Carpet area = 2375 sqm Population = P = 830 Up/Dn time = (no. of landings *2 * floor height * 2) / speed = 84 For a 16 passenger lift, shaft size = 2300*2300 and Q = 80% of capacity = 12.8 RTT = up/dn time + (waiting time X no. of landings) = 259 T = RTT / N H = 300 X Q X 100 / T X P No. of lifts = N = 5.6 = 6 lifts ACCOMMODATION block Carpet area = 2375 sqm Population = P = 189 Up/Dn time = (no. of landings *2 * floor height * 2) / speed = 100 For a 16 passenger lift, shaft size = 2300*2300 and Q = 80% of capacity = 12.8 RTT = up/dn time + (waiting time X no. of landings) = 275 T = RTT / N H = 300 X Q X 100 / T X P No. of lifts = N = 5.6 = 6 lifts

136 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Banquet block

Auditorium

Retail (podium)

Carpet area = 2375 sqm Population = P = 1800 Up/Dn time = (no. of landings *2 * floor height * 2) / speed = 80

Carpet area = 2375 sqm Population = P = 2080 Up/Dn time = (no. of landings *2 * floor height * 2) / speed = 70

Carpet area = 2375 sqm Population = P = 1000 Up/Dn time = (no. of landings *2 * floor height * 2) / speed = 84

For a 16 passenger lift, shaft size = 2300*2300 and Q = 80% of capacity = 12.8 RTT = up/dn time + (waiting time X no. of landings) = 180 T = RTT / N

For a 16 passenger lift, shaft size = 2300*2300 and Q = 80% of capacity = 12.8 RTT = up/dn time + (waiting time X no. of landings) = 145 T = RTT / N

For a 16 passenger lift, shaft size = 2300*2300 and Q = 80% of capacity = 12.8 RTT = up/dn time + (waiting time X no. of landings) = 259 T = RTT / N

H = 300 X Q X 100 / T X P No. of lifts = N = 7 lifts

H = 300 X Q X 100 / T X P No. of lifts = N = 7.9 = 8 lifts

H = 300 X Q X 100 / T X P No. of lifts = N = 10.8 = 11 lifts

ESCALATOR REQUIREMENTS

Technology | 137

HVAC TECHNOLOGY For a differential HVAC system (active + passive), the HVAC load is taken as 125sq ft / TR Total carpet area = 21,900 sqm = 2,35,730 sq ft Therefore, total HVAC load = 1885 TR

For mixed-mode (MM) buildings: Mixed-mode buildings, where HVAC is operated only during extreme outdoor conditions, are becoming prevalent in India. The occupants in mixed-mode buildings are more adaptive when compared to those in air conditioned buildings and somewhat less adaptive compared to occupants in naturally ventilated buildings. Indoor operative temperature = (0.28 × outdoor temperature) + 17.87 Where indoor operative temperature (in °C) is neutral temperature and outdoor temperature is the 30 day outdoor running mean air temperature (in °C).

Capacity of 1 chiller plant = 450 TR

Total HVAC load = 1800 TR

Centrifugal compressor : These compressors use impellers to impart pressure energy to the refrigerant. These may be modulated down to approximately 40 percent of full load capacity.

Cooling load for chiller = 0.5 kW/ton = 1800X0.5 = 900 kW

Screw compressor: The capacity of the compressor may be modulated down to 20 percent of full load capacity. Similar to centrifugal compressors, screw compressors with VFDs may be used as an effective way to enhance the part load performance and also minimise the starting current for the compressor. These are generally specified and used for capacities up to 400TR. Therefore, a maximum of one chiller of 450TR capacity can be used. Rest of the requirements can be fulfilled using centrifugal compressors. Proposal compressor combination = 1 screw (450 TR) + 3 centrifugal (450TR X 3) compressor

138 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Cooling load for air distribution system = 0.06 kW/ton = 1800X0.06 = 108 kW Cooling load for water pump = 0.04 kW/ton = 1800X0.04 = 72 kW Cooling load for cooling tower = 0.62 kW/ton = 1800X0.62 = 1,116 kW capacity of 1 cooling tower = 450 TR cooling towers required for 1800 TR = 4 AHU sizes: 4.5 m X 3.5 m for 340 CMM 5.5 m X 4.5 m for 680 CMM Therefore, 5 AHUs of 340 CMM Size of plant room = 450 sqm

DIFFERENTIAL HVAC SYSTEM : Adaptive Thermal Comfort Ventilation system The Ecovent Hybrid ventilation system uses a combination of automatic mechanical ventilation and manually operated windows to achieve classroom comfort conditions. These conditions are maintained by supplying a variable volume of fresh air to manage the room CO2 and temperature levels.

Designing and operating buildings for the thermal comfort range of 24-28 oC opens up adoption of a range of low energy cooling solutions, instead of relying solely on conventional compressor based air conditioning. These include non-vapour compression cooling technologies, the use of natural ventilation (NV) and mixed mode (MM) operation, i.e. using a combination of air cooling systems and natural ventilation, in cooler months or times of the day. Deployment of low energy cooling systems can be supported by building envelope design using high performance wall and roofing materials, glazing coupled with operable windows; and, encouraging climate-appropriate attire and behaviour change to combat heat.

School of Design and Environment, Singapore

Integral to the concept of net-zero energy consumption is the need to rethink conventional air-conditioning, which typically accounts for up to 60% of a building’s total energy load in a tropical country. This resulted in the design of an innovative hybrid cooling system that ensures rooms are not over-cooled. Rooms are supplied with cool air at higher temperatures + humidity levels than they would be with a conventional system. This cooling strategy is augmented with elevated air speeds from ceiling fans. Technology | 139

Reduces the building height requirements for HVAC ducts. False ceiling depth reduced. Improved indoor air quality due to increased air movement. Reduced electric and water loads. The system can function at a lower capacity hence increasing the work-efficiency.

140 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Technology | 141

142 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

ELECTRIC LOAD

Total electric load = 425.8 kW HVAC electric load = 2360 kW TOTAL = 2360 + 425.8 = 2785 kW Diversity = 70% Total demand load = 0.7 X 2785 = 1950 kW 1950 / 0.8 = Total kVA = 2436 kVA

For a differential HVAC system (active + passive), the electrical load is taken as 10W/sq ft. Total carpet area = 21,900 sqm = 2,35,730 sq ft Therefore, total load (HVAC) = 2357300 W = 2360 kW

Assuming that 60% of roof area is available for solar panels, total available roof area = 0.6 X 7800 sqm = 4,680 sqm 1 panel of size 1m X 2.4m generates 230 W. No. of panels that can be installed on roof = 4680 / 2.4 = 1950 total electricity generated = 1950 X 230 = 448 kW This means that almost 20% of the elctricity demands can be met using solar PV system. Therefore, additional electricity requirements = 2436 - 448 = 1988 kVA Technology | 143

DG SET REQUIREMENTS DG set of 2000 kVA capacity Electric substation to have a generator with 150 sqm area and a clear height of 6.5m from beam soffit level.

144 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

DG sets of 2000 kVA capacity: 2 X1000 kVA set Total transformer room area = 39 sqm Total substation area = 149 sqm Minimum face width = 14.5m Electric substation to have a generator with 150 sqm area and a clear height of 6.5m

Technology | 145

TOILET CALCULATIONS

146 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Technology | 147

TECHNOLOGY

SUSTAINABILITY

NATURAL SLOPE ON SITE The slope on site is in the direction of the arrows as shown in the plan below. The bottom right end of the site (towards club road) is the highest point on site with the park being at a level lower than the site.

Rain garden design guidelines: 1.

Water should percolate after 48 hours. Therefore, proper drainage has to be ensured. 2. To be kept away from septic systems and underground tanks. The key difference between the two is that bioswales are de3. Should be located away from public sidewalks and 5' away signed more for cleaning and processing water as well as redifrom site boundary. recting it (usually away from a road or lot), while rain gardens 4. Should be located 10' away from building foundations or are more strictly designed to absorb stormwater, particularly off basements. rooftops and walkways.

BIOSWALES & RAIN GARDENS

A Bioswale or biofiltration swale is a narrow strip of a vegetated area that redirects and filters stormwater. A typical bioswale is long, linear and shallow and is used to collect runoff water from non-porous surfaces such as roads, parking lots, rooftops etc. Besides treatment of stormwater, a bioswale helps in mitigating flooding potential and diverting stormwater away from critical infrastructure.

A Rain Garden is a depressed landscape feature that captures stormwater runoff from roofs, driveways or other hardscape surfaces then slows and cleans stormwater runoff and allows it to sink back into the ground. Rain gardens can be a lowcost, effective, and beautiful way to reduce the amount of stormwater run-off

Typical Rain garden detail

Bioswales can be provided near the Northern edge of site in order to utilize the existing slope on site. The water can be filtrated through bioswales and stored in an underground tank which could direct the water towards the Jambori lake (artificial lake) through recharge pits. This will reduce the load on the existing overhead tank on site. Rain gardens can be designed near the walkways and driveways to solve the problem of stormwater run-off on site due to poor maintenance of stormwater drains. Typical Bioswale detail

148 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

TECHNOLOGY

SAFETY STREET DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR PEDESTRIAN SAFETY

1. SAFETY Roads with slow zones for pedestrians 2. MOBILITY Large roads with mobility zones for vehicles 3. PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY Streets with continuous footpaths or safe shared spaces with minimal grade differences. 4. LIVEABILITY Elements such as tree line landscaping, street furniture creating relaxation zones for vending and resting. 5. SENSITIVITY TO LOCAL CONTEXT Street design as a result of the surrounding street network and pedestrian activity. 6. CREATIVE USE OF STREET SPACE Multiple uses within the same zone maing it active throughout the day.

Source: ITDP India

Technology | 149

OCCUPANCY CALCULATIONS

150 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Technology | 151

152 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Technology | 153

TECHNOLOGY

SERVICES

PROVISION FOR INFORMAL / WEEKLY MARKETS (as per MPD2021) One of the objectives of this project is to provide provision for the informal market and hawkers around site to be incorporated within the site planning. This will help in creating activated urban nodes on site hence increasing the publicness.

154 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

TECHNOLOGY

STRUCTURE

1. CELLULAR COMPOSITE BEAMS

COFFERED SLAB:

span range = 15-30 m

Spans upto 16m longer spans may be possible with post tensioning

Types of structural systems for large span • general • auditorium • banquet • library

For the maximum efficiency, coffers should be square or nearly square as possible. Waffle slab can be efficiently cantilevered in two directions up to 1/3 of a main span. Thumb rule for total slab depth = span/24 Slab thickness = 75-115 mm Rib width = 125 - 150 mm

Types of large span structural systems: 1. COMPOSITE BEAMS WITH WEB OPENINGS span range = 10-16 m Web openings are typically formed in beams to allow services to pass through the beam. This enables the structural and service zones to occupy the same space, thereby reducing the effective overall depth of floor construction for a given spanning capability.

composite beam

Typical detail of a steel composite beam

cellular composite beam

castellated beam

Cellular composite beams have castellated beams have hexagonal circular web openings. web openings. advantage: Preferred over limitation: Offer a certain type of castellated beams since it offers aesthetics, lack of flexibility. versatality

difference between a cellular composite and castellated beam

Typical detail of a cellular composite beam

Technology | 155

STRUCTURE

Slabs for large span

services in a coffered slab

HOLEDECK SLAB Holedeck allows the services to pass through the coffered slab hence reducing the additional space requirements for services. This helps in reducing the effective floor height.

PROGRAM SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

2. BANQUET span = 20-30 Slab type: Holedeck / waffle slab

Detail of services incorporated in the Holedeck slab

156 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

1. AUDITORIUM

3. LIBRARY

span = 25 - 30m

span = 15-20

Slab type: holedeck slab

Slab type: Composite beams with steel decking

SPACE REQUIREMENTS

AUDITORIUM

Space requirements for auditorium design

Space requirements for auditorium

Technology | 157

SPACE REQUIREMENTS

LEARNING AND CULTURAL CENTRE

FOOD COURT + RETAIL A food court cum market at Hamburg Central Station

To reduce the load on the main stage, every theatre must have a rehearsal stage with space requirements as shown below:

RETAIL

158 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

DEPARTMENT STORE & SUPERMARKET

FIRE SAFETY: Fire tank requirements

Accommodation block: Overhead fire tank = 25,000 L Overhead pump capacity = 900 L/min

Educational occupancy: Underground fire tank = 50,000 L Overhead fire tank = 5,000 L

Business occupancy: Underground fire tank = 2,00,000 L Overhead fire tank = 20,000 L

Technology | 159

Mercantile occupancy: Underground fire tank = 2,00,000 L Overhead fire tank = 20,000 L

Assembly occupancy: Auditorium block: Underground fire tank = 1,50,000 L Overhead fire tank = 10,000 L Other assembly occupancies: Underground fire tank = 2,00,000 L Overhead fire tank = 20,000 L

160 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SAFETY

FIRE SAFETY

Minimum dimensions of RCC members for fire resistance

Technology | 161

162 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

06 DESIGN DIRECTIVES 6.1 Design directives from case studies 6.2 Design directives from site analysis 6.3 Conclusion and vision

DESIGN DIRECTIVES FROM CASE Major points which were considered while making policy guidelines include: integration of circulation pattern namely pedestrian and vehicular and open space network, which helps in the facilitation of various activities on the site. It is important while designing, to keep in mind uninterrupted pedestrian circulation which affects people at various stages. Informal street vendors cater to people from different strata of society and thus are structured within the design proposals. It is important to understand the need for open spaces and to maintain them in a such a way that it attracts people from the community. • Public spaces and streets should be made more interesting/dynamic by giving them certain character through landscaping, wall murals, wall paintings, sculpture etc. • All access points need to have a defined entrance plaza with tree plantation wherever possible. • Drop-off zones to be incorporated to connect the pedestrian spine. • All existing/mature trees to be incorporated into the design and pervious plantation beds to be provided for the same. • Provide shaded seating for rest and relaxation along with open space for passive recreation. • The main spine to be continuous with integrated green beds. • Select appropriate size, form, colour and texture of roadside plantation that will complement and enhance the existing buildings. • Place trees and shrubs appropriately. • Select plant materials with low water and maintenance requirements. • Minimize surface parking in order to create space for public facilities and green areas. 168 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

DESIGN DIRECTIVES FROM SITE ANALYSIS

Design directives | 169

DESIGN DIRECTIVES FROM SITE ANALYSIS

170 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

DESIGN DIRECTIVES FROM SITE ANALYSIS

Preferable orientation: North-South

Views: 45 degree rotated blocks to maximise views towards the park

Broad zoning

Vertical zoning

Design directives | 171

CONCLUSION & VISION

Designing opportunities for impact through Community PARTICIPATION Community EMPOWERMENT Community INTERACTION

Create a SENSE OF COMMUNITY through MARKETS Strengthen local community Catalyze neighbourhood development Provide economic opportunities Improve public health Bring diverse people together

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Providing space for informal markets and vendors within the community centre will help in increasing the footfall and also promote inclusivity.

07 CONCEPT & VISION

CONCEPT

1. Built-open interface for regulating the publicness of open courts 2. Response to the road and the park 3. Bring the park into the site: blurring the boundaries 4. Defining the street edge 5. Vertical zoning to decrease publicness 6. Maximize views towards the park

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Concept & Vision | 175

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08 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 8.1 Stage-1 Sketch design 8.2 Stage-2 Sketch design 8.3 Stage-3 Sketch design 8.4 Stage-4 Design development-1 8.5 Stage-5 Design development-1.5 8.6 Stage-6 Design development-2 8.7 Stage-7 Design development-2.5 8.8 Stage-8 Prefinal design

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STAGE-1 STRENGTHS: • • • • •

Retail street as a facilitator for public movement towards the park Retail placed along the main road. Community functions along the secondary street. Shaded courtyards through building overhangs The spatial quality of main public plaza in response to the site boundary and edge conditions

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WEAKNESS: • Response to the park missing (Poor quality open spaces) • Free movement of pedestrian restricted along the axis • Scale of all the open spaces is similar (hierarchy of open spaces is missing). • Higher ground coverage • Explore variations in height • Establish a purpose of the axis • Consider scope for future expansion • Seeing the project as an urban insert Design development | 179

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STAGE-2 STRENGTHS: • • • • • • •

Auditorium as a major activity node A sense of direction Site edge response Formation of courtyards for different functions The inter-mixing of various functional typologies Shaded courtyards Uninterrupted pedestrian movement

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WEAKNESS: • • • •

The auditorium block near site's corner could be a major traffic node. Open spaces forming near the park are too small and fragmented. No hierarchy in the quality of open spaces (similar proportions). Design development | 181

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STAGE-3

STRENGTHS: • • • • • •

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Continuity of open spaces (linearity along all the directions) Response to the street edge Level modulation in schematic sections Strategic location of the auditorium (Reduces traffic) Green terraces on each level Connection of the greens on all the floors

WEAKNESS: •

Design clearer blocks (less fragmented blocks) • Make the response to the urban edge clearer • Start thinking about the basement simultaeneously as a tool for effective surface modulation • Create plazas through ground modulation • Response to the park is missing. Design development | 183

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STAGE-4 STRENGTHS: • • • • •

Low height blocks near the public plaza. Highest blocks behind the petrol pump. Sufficient open space near the park. Guest rooms and offices oriented towards the park maximising views. Clearer massing. PLaza level on first floor

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WEAKNESS: • • • • • • •

Break the centrsl spine down into a series of open and built spaces. try creating spaces through built volumes reverse the massing hierarchy in terms of building heights (make an urban statement) reduce the number of functions on ground floor. Consider views and acoustic requirements for banquet and meditation hall. give more vehicular penetration establish a clearer access path for banquet and auditorium Design development | 185

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STAGE-5 STRENGTHS: • • • •

the central spine has an interesting journey Scale of open spaces Response to the park edge level modulation in section

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WEAKNESS: • • • • • •

activate the open spaces shading of the open courts usability throughout the day (thermal comfort) reconsider location of auditorium and guest house reverse the hierarchy in heights highest blocks near the public plaza, lowest near the park Design development | 187

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STAGE-6 STRENGTHS: • • •

Podium for public floors Continuous open space between the built mass and the park. individual towers for semi-public functions.

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WEAKNESS: • • • • •

Add a service floor or skip floor between the podium and towers. Incorporate the craft shops into the modulated ground allowing free pedestrian movement. Reorganise massing near the park to create a more usable larger open space remove the bridges between towers Structural requirements for the bridge Design development | 189

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STAGE-7

STRENGTHS: •

•

Accomodation block combined with the auditorium block gives a clearer massing for better views. Continuous pedestrian movement throughout the site

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Design development | 191

STRENGTHS: • • •

The bridge in section could be an important public level. Combination of double height and single height terraces in towers. Scale of the public levels is comfortable for human interaction.

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STRENGTHS:

WEAKNESS:

• Repeat a similar facade system everywhere to make a clear distinction between the public and semi-public (mixed-use) levels.

• • • • • • •

Remove the craft shops and provide a large open space that allows flexibility of usage as per requirements. Remove the library block near the park and incorporate the functions in other parts of the public podium. Push the auditorium block behind to create a larger entrance area in the front Stack accomodation above the auditorium increase height of the exhibition block near the police post Provide more vehicular penetration into the central court. Design development | 193

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT STAGE-8 STRENGTHS: • • •

More systematic arrangement of built and open Facade system Public floor on second floor

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Design development | 195

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WEAKNESS: • • • •

open up the central court remove surface parking, Central driveway check points segregation of drop off for public transport, cabs and self driven vehicles • connect auditorium loop with the main public loop • restrict the number of entry points to site • landscaping reduce heights, remove OAT, remove kiosks, • refuge floors (along site edge) • colonnade along site boundary • skylights in bridge • primary, secondary and tertiary road network

Design development | 197

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08 DESIGN PORTFOLIO 9.1 Context plan 9.2 Concept & Vision 9.3 Zoning & Circulation system 9.4 Site plan 9.5 Spatial characteristic diagrams 9.6 Floor plans 9.7 Unit plans 9.8 Basement plans 9.9 Sections 9.10 Views 9.11 Elevations 9.12 Technology

Design Portfolio | 201

Context plan

Design Portfolio | 203

CONCEPT & VISION

01. Connection with the park

02. Response to the roads

04. Formation of urban nodes

05. Making internal connections

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03. Hierarchy of open spaces

06. Final massing

So, the connection to the park and response to the street edge help in formation of urban nodes along the site boundary and a hierarchy of open spaces. Bridges and terraces have been designed in order to break the monotony of the built mass and bring it to human scale.

Design Portfolio | 205

ZONING DEVELOPMENT

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CIRCULATION SYSTEM The first two floors are of retail which are open to public use. Then there’s a public floor above it which has terrace gardens and other public functions. The semi-public towers start from this floor onwards. The circulation system consists of two major public axes – one is the vehicular loop that is being formed in the central court at the lower level. This loop acts as a drop-off area facilitating access from both the major roads. Then, there’s the pedestrian walkway that goes above this vehicular loop along the pedestrian spine.

Design Portfolio | 207

3D ISOMETRIC

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Site plan 1 SHOP 2 DEPARTMENTAL STORE 3 TAKE-AWAY 4 EXHIBITION LOBBY 5 TICKET OFFICE 6 ADMIN 7 FRONT OFFICE 8 EXHIBITION HALL 9 STORAGE & WORKSHOP 10 INFORMATION CENTRE 11 FOOD COURT 12 KITCHEN 13 RESTAURANT 14 BANQUET PREFUNCTION 15 OFFICE LOBBY 16 RESIDENTIAL LOBBY 17 AUDITORIUM PREFUNCTION 18 STORAGE 19 DRAMA CLASSROOM 20 PERFORMANCE HALL

Design Portfolio | 209

3D ISOMETRIC

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SPATIAL CHARACTER OF OPEN SPACES

The areas marked as red represent the public areas (podium). These three sections cut parallel to each other while moving from the road towards the park depict the change in scale of open spaces. Starting with the smallest open spaces near the main road, these spaces act as major activity nodes on the site's edge and invite public. The second section has been cut through the central court with a public walkway. The walkway further breaks down the publicness of the space into two different zones: vehicular and pedestrian. The third section that has been cut through the community open court responds to the Jheel park and hence blurs the boundary.

Design Portfolio | 211

3D ISOMETRIC

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MULTIFUNCTIONAL OPEN SPACES

Public plaza: active throughout the day due to the presence of kiosks and shops around

Spillout space for library and exhibition: could host open exhibitions and informal events A large open space instead of multiple smaller spaces gives the users the freedom to use them in multiple ways Also, this space acts as an asset for the community that rather lacks access to large open spaces

Roof of the kiosks is directly accessible from the road level and can hence be used by informal vendors to put their temporary stalls or for weekly markets

this edge being nearer to the residential areas will attract the local community. Guests rooms and service apartments have been provided on this edge to ensure the safety of neighbours.

Spillout area for auditorium and performance halls. The landscaped steps can be used as a seating for the open air theatre and the central open area as a stage

Design Portfolio | 213

Central vehicular drop-off(public)

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FLOOR PLANS: 1st floor

1 CAFE 2 PRE - FUNCTION 3 MEDIUM SHOP 4 SMALL SHOP 5 TAKE AWAY 6 DANCE CLASSROOM 7 DANCE HALL 8 MUSIC HALL 9 MUSIC CLASSROOM 10 STORAGE 11 KITCHEN

12 RESTAURANT 13 DEPARTMENTAL STORE 14 OPEN EXHIBITION 15 GAMING ARCADE 16 PUBLIC COURT 17 GYMNASIUM 18 ADMIN 19 COMPUTER ROOM 20 LIBARARY 21 DAYCARE 22 DAYCLINIC

Design Portfolio | 215

Central vehicular drop-off(public)

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FLOOR PLANS: 2nd floor (podium level) 1 SERVICES 2 PRE – FUNCTION 3 DANCE HALL 4 MUSIC HALL 5 RESTAURANT 6 KITCHEN 7 FOOD COURT 8 OPEN EXHIBITION 9 COMMUNITY DINING 10 STORAGE 11 PACKAGING AND DISPATCH AREA 12 LIBARARY

Design Portfolio | 217

Public walkway on first floor level

Minimum number of functions have been provided on the second floor in order to leave public terraces and gardens which act as spill-out areas for both the lower floors as well as the towers above. This floor also acts as a refuge area. The spatial distribution and façade design of this floor has been done in a way to create a floating illusion for the towers. 218 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

FLOOR PLANS: 3rd floor

1 GEUST ROOM 2 SUITE 3 AUDITORIUM 4 GREEN ROOMS 5 WORKSHOP 6 OPEN WORKSPACE 7 STORAGE 8 CLASSROOM 9 RECEPTION 10 WOOD CARVING WORKSHOP 11 POTTERY WORKSHOP 12 WEAVING WORKSHOP 13 COMMUNITY DINING 14 BANQUAT 15 ANGANWADI 16 NIGHT SHELTER

Design Portfolio | 219

View of the site from the park

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FLOOR PLANS: 4th floor

1 SUITE 2 CLASSROOM 3 INTERACTION ZONE 4 RECEPTION + LOBBY 5 LIBARARY (READING ROOM) 6 VOLUNTEER CENTRE 7 NGO OFFICE 8 MEETING ROOM 9 COMMON WORKSPACE 10 FOYER 11 GUEST ROOM

Design Portfolio | 221

Visual connection with the lake

The yoga and meditation hall has been designed as a bridge between the community and learning towers in order to provide a sense of enclosure. It acts as a point of focus which gives a sense of identity to the place. 222 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

FLOOR PLANS: 5th floor 1 SERVICE APARTMENT 2 FOOD COURT 3 MEETING ROOM 4 PANTRY 5 RECEPTION 6 CABINS 7 WORKSPACE 8 YOGA + MEDITATION HALL 9 SPORT FACILITY 10 STORAGE

Design Portfolio | 223

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FLOOR PLANS: Office block

1 RECEPTION 2 CONFERENCE HALL 3 CAFETERIA 4 MEETING ROOM 5 PANTRY 6 CO – WORKING SPACE 7 CABINS 8 WORKSPACE

6th floor

7th floor

8th floor

9th floor Design Portfolio | 225

FLOOR PLANS; Residential block

Guest rooms (3rd floor)

226 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Suites (4th floor)

Service apartments (Typical plan)

UNIT PLANS Guest room

Carpet area = 30 sqm

Suite

Carpet area = 50 sqm

Service apartment

Carpet area = 75 sqm

Design Portfolio | 227

BASEMENT PLAN 1 FAN ROOM 2 CHILLER PLANT 3 ELECTRIC SUBSTATION AND DG SET ROOM 4 STP 5 UNDERGROUND TANK 6 UNDERGROUND FIRE TANK 7 RAINWATER COLLECTION TANK 8 SEDIMENTATION PIT 9 GARBAGE COLLECTION ROOM 10 PUMP ROOM

1st basement level 228 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Total No. of cars in 1st basement = 376 Total No. of cars in 2nd basement = 452 Total No. of cars in 3rd basement = 452 Total No. of cars on surface = 40 Total parking provided = 1320 cars

2nd & 3rd basement level typical Design Portfolio | 229

Public plaza

230 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SECTION-AA' The public walkway has cut-outs which allow visual connection with the vehicular movement below. PUBLIC PLAZA

The kiosks respond to the corner of the site whereas the stepped seating of the public plaza acts like a major activity node.

1 KIOSK 2 DROP OFF 3 SURFACE PARKING 4 INFORMATION CENTRE 5 FOOD COURT 6 CAFÉ

7 GYMNASIUM 8 OPEN EXIBITION 9 COMMUNITY DINING 10 CLASSROOM (VOCATION AL TRAINING CENTRE) 11 NGO OFFICES

PUBLIC WALKWAY

The yoga and meditation hall gives a sense of enclosure when one moving towards the large community open space.

COMMUNITY OPEN SPACE

Multifunctional singular open space next to the park blurs the boundary and increases visibility and accessibility of the park.

12 MEETING ROOM 13 SPILL - OUT (OFFICES) 14 YOGA + MEDITATION HALL 15 WORKSPACE 16 CABINS 17 BASEMENT PARKING

Design Portfolio | 231

PART SECTION (AA')

ACTIVATES THE URBAN NODE

PUBLIC PLAZA TERRACE GARDEN The kiosk has been placed in a way that it can be accessed internally from the public plaza. The roof of this kiosk is directly accessible from the load level outside and can be used by informal vendors to put temporary stalls or weekly markets. INFORMAL / WEEKLY MARKET

KIOSK

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HOLEDECK SLAB WITH PERFORATIONS

RETAIL STREET

Details

Holedeck slab

External wall section

Design Portfolio | 233

Public edge (Retail)

234 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Retail street

Design Portfolio | 235

Public walkway 236 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Community open space Design Portfolio | 237

238 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SECTION-BB'

PUBLIC PLAZA

1 CO WORKING OFFICES 2 OFFICE 3 MEETING ROOM 4 VOLUNTEER CENTRE 5 WOOD CARVING WORKSHOP

RETAIL ATRIUM

6 POTTERY WORKSHOP 7 GAMING ARCADE 8 TAKE AWAY 9 LARGE SHOP 10 MEDIUM SHOP 11 CLASSROOM

AUDITORIUM DROP-OFF AREA

12 WORKSHOP 13 FOOD COURT 14 DEPARTMENTAL STORE 15 BASEMENT 16 SERVICE APARTMENT

Design Portfolio | 239

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SECTION-CC'

TERRACE GARDEN AT PODIUM LEVEL

1 CO WORKING OFFICES 2 CAFETERIA 3 OFFICES 4 COMMON WORKSPACE 5 MEETING ROOM 6 NGO OFFICES 7 CLASSROOM 8 COMMUNITY KITCHEN 9 GAMING ARCADE 10 FOOD COURT

PUBLIC WALKWAY

11 KITCHEN 12 GYMNASIUM 13 SMALL SHOP 14 INTERACTION ZONE 15 RESTAURANT 16 EXHIBITION LOBBY 17 TICKET OFFICE 18 ADMIN 19 GREENROOM

TERRACE GARDEN AT PODIUM LEVEL

TERRACE GARDEN FOR RESIDENTS

20 BACK STAGE AREA 21 DRAMA PERFORMANCE HALL 22 DANCE HALL 23 MUSIC HALL 24 STAGE 25 AUDITORIUM 26 PRE FUNCTION 27 SERVICE APARTMENT 28 BASEMENT

Design Portfolio | 241

View of the community block

242 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SECTION-DD'

RETAIL ATRIUM SPILLOUT

1 SPORTS FACILITY 2 BANQUET 3 BANQUET PREFUNCTION 4 RESTAURANT 5 BANQUET KITCHEN 6 SHOP

OPEN EXHIBITION AREA

COMMUNITY OPEN SPACE

CAFE SPILLOUT

7 SUITES 8 LOBBY 9 CAFÉ 10 ROOM SERVICES 11 GUEST ROOMS 12 BASEMENT

Design Portfolio | 243

Community open space being used by the residents in the evening for recreational purposes

244 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SECTION-EE'

PEDESTRIAN COURT AT GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

BASEMENT PARKING ENTRANCE FOYER DROP – OFF EXHIBITION AREA STORAGE AND WORKSHOP

LIBRARY BLOCK

PUBLIC WALKWAY

ATRIUM

1 2 3 4 5

YOGA / MEDITATION HALL

6 EXHIBITION HALL 7 CAFÉ 8 KITCHEN 9 LIBARARY 10 DAYCARE

11 OPEN EXHIBITION 12 BANQUET GUEST ROOM 13 ANGANWADI 14 NIGHT SHELTER 15 YOGA / MEDITATION HALL

Design Portfolio | 245

Auditorium and residential block

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SECTION-FF'

PUBLIC EDGE (RETAIL) TOWARDS THE ROAD

1 2 3 4 5

BASEMENT PARKING ENTRANCE FOYER DROP – OFF EXHIBITION AREA STORAGE AND WORKSHOP

6 EXHIBITION HALL 7 CAFÉ 8 KITCHEN 9 LIBARARY 10 DAYCARE

OPEN AREA TOWARDS THE PARK

11 OPEN EXHIBITION 12 BANQUET GUEST ROOM 13 ANGANWADI 14 NIGHT SHELTER 15 YOGA / MEDITATION HALL

Design Portfolio | 247

Public edge towards club road

248 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

ELEVATIONS: South facade

Design Portfolio | 249

Public edge towards Vishnu Mandir Marg

250 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

ELEVATIONS: West facade

Design Portfolio | 251

ELEVATIONS: North facade

252 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

ELEVATIONS: East facade

Design Portfolio | 253

SHADOW ANALYSIS MORNING

MORNING

AFTERNOON

EVENING

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SOLAR INSOLATION ANALYSIS

All the open spaces remain shaded throughout the day hence maintaining thermal comfort.

Design Portfolio | 255

FACADE DESIGN

The shading requirements were plotted on the solar chart in order to calculate the HSA and VSA and hence design shading devices for each of the facades.

256 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

FACADE DESIGN: South

Shading is required when dry bulb temperature is higher than 28 degree C and the global horizontal radiation more than 316 h/m.

Horizontal and vertical louvres made out of prefabricated panels have been used for the Southern and Western facades.

The graphs for average hourly dry bulb temperature and average hourly direct normal solar radiation were superimposed on each other to find out the number of days which require shading. According to the following graph, Delhi required shading from the months of February to September with May-June having the highest cooling demand.

VSA for South wall: 38 degree HSA for South wall: 80 degree

Design Portfolio | 257

FACADE DESIGN: East

HSA = 18 degree

The East and Wesr façades on the other hand have movable vertical louvres which can be controlled through a mechanical system.

FACADE DESIGN: West

HSA = 14 degree

The louvres have been used in conjunction with concrete jaalis which in addition to reducing the thermal gain from the West façade, also bring in a sense of aesthetics into the external and internal spaces.

verandah with jaali

258 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS

Daylight analysis of open spaces and terraces

9 am

12 pm

2 pm

4 pm

According to LEED, the average daylight intensity as calculated on 21st March should be between 500lux to 50000 lux. The design, therefore complies with the same with a daylight range of 390 lux to 42000 lux.

All the open spaces receive adequate amount of sunlight throughout the day Design Portfolio | 259

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

EXPANSION JOINTS

RCC framed structure Post tensioned RCC for large spans

Grid slab and holedeck waffle slab for large spans

truss system with post-tensioned RCC for auditorium

MATERIALS

Brick for external walls (podium)

AAC blocks for external walls (highrise)

Precast concrete louvres for fixed louvres

Prefabricated lightweight wooden panels for movable louvres 260 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Expansion joints have been provided after a gap of 30-45m. The geometry of the building has been kept almost symmetrical in terms of the podium footprint. This helps in maintaining higher stability against lateral and seismic loads. The footprint of towers has been decided based on these aspects.

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM: RCP at 5th floor level Yoga + meditation hall: Banquet:

Span = 20m post-tensioned RCC framed structure + transfer slab + waffle slab

Span = 25m post-tensioned RCC framed structure + waffle slab

Office block: Span = 17m RCC framed structure + holedeck slab

Learning block: Span = 20m post-tensioned RCC framed structure + transfer slab + holedeck slab Design Portfolio | 261

SAFETY FIRE SAFETY

LIFTS AND ESCALATORS

Lift calculations offices = 6 Residential = 6 banquet = 7 auditorium = 8 Retail podium = 11

Fire tender movement on site

Fire staircases on first floor

Location of fire staircases at a distance of 30m

Fire staircases on highrise floors

262 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Fire staircases oLocation of lifts and escalators

SERVICES TOILET CALCULATIONS

Location of toilets on site

5X10 = 50

Toilet layout

3X3=9

4 X 6 = 24

6 5X10 = 50

5 X 3 = 15

5 4 X 6 = 24

8 8 X 5 = 40

Total number of WCs required = 185 Total number of WCs = 212 Design Portfolio | 263

SUSTAINABILITY LANDSCAPING

The key difference between the two is that bioswales are designed more for cleaning and processing water as well as redirecting it (usually away from a road or lot), while rain gardens are more strictly designed to absorb stormwater, particularly off rooftops and walkways.

Rain gardens can be designed near the walkways and driveways to solve the problem of stormwater run-off on site due to poor maintenance of stormwater drains. Typical Rain garden detail

264 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

SUSTAINABILITY RAIN WATER HARVESTING

Rainwater collection tank

Sedimentation tank

Almost 9% of the site's water requirement can be met through rainwater harvesting. For this, semi-permeable paving has been used for the pedestrian pathways and a lot of areas have been left as green to allow ground water recharge.

Design Portfolio | 265

SUSTAINABILITY SOLAR PV TECHNOLOGY

Dormitory Gymnasium Health care-clinic Library Office

Watt/sqm 10.8 11.8 10.8 14 10.8

Performing arts theatre Retail/mall AVERAGE

17.2 16.1 13.07142857

SOLAR PV CALCULATIONS Total site area = Total built-up = Watt/sqm =

Total electrical load = Total electrical load = 266 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh

Electricity generated by solar PV panels:

Total ground coverage achieved =

Watt/sqm 26,000 sqm Dormitory 10.8 Total roof area = 9910 sqm Estimated roof area = 20% GC 5,200 sqm 32,500 sqm Gymnasium Available roof area for solar PV = 412011.8 sqm subtract Health care-clinic 10.8of energy one panel of 1m X 2.4m generates 230W 20% for 13.1 Library 14 4120 sqm roof can accommodate = 1716 solar panels = 1716 X 230W = 395 kW servicesTherefore, Office 10.8 Available roof area (for and total X PV) built-up = 4160 load sqm of the building = 425.8 kW circulation Total electric watt/sqm Performing arts theatre 17.2 Area required for 4 kW (36 Electricity generated by solar PV system = 395 kW = 92 percent of the 425750 Retail/mall 16.1 solar PV systemWatt = panels) 29.8 sqm total demand Totalno.425.8 Of systems kW AVERAGE 13.07142857 required = 139.5973154 Total electricity generated = 558.3892617 kW

JURY COMMENTS Prof. Anil B. Jain appreciated the overall resolution of the project scheme. He mentioned that the proposal has been detailed out really well both in terms of its appearance, its relevance for the community as well as the technical details. He appreciated the attention given to small details both in terms of the functioning as well as sustainability. Although, the choice of material could have been futuristic materials like steel as the project could end-up looking like any other government building given that it uses materials like brick and concrete for its construction.

Design Portfolio | 267

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REFERENCES Jones, S. (no date) ‘BELONGING, BEING & BECOMING’, p. 51. Vidhi Dheri (00:01:32 UTC) ‘CBRE Report - Making delhi india’s retail capital’. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/VidhiDheri/cbre-report-making-delhi-indias-retail-capital (Accessed: 20 June 2021). Empowering women entrepreneurs (no date). Available at: https://blog.aboutamazon.in/empowering-women-entrepreneurs (Accessed: 20 June 2021). Heritage assets and placemaking (no date). Available at: https://www.architecture.com/whats-on/heritage-assets-and-placemaking (Accessed: 20 June 2021). Inclusive by Design: Laying a Foundation for Diversity in Public Space (no date). Available at: https://www.pps.org/article/inclusive-by-design-laying-a-foundation-for-diversity-in-public-space (Accessed: 20 June 2021). ‘People and Placemaking - rescue.earth - Rescue Earth System’ (no date) rescue.earth -- Rescue Earth System. Available at: https://rescue.earth/ people-and-placemaking/ (Accessed: 20 June 2021). 37369645 (no date) Psychological Impact of Architectural design in meditation center., Issuu. Available at: https://issuu.com/dibeshmalego/docs/ psychological_impact_final (Accessed: 20 June 2021). Grobelšek, J. and Liljana (2015) ‘Public Spaces and Private Spaces Open to the Public: Spatial Planning and Development Using Urban Design Guidelines’, Open Urban Studies and Demography Journal, 1(1). doi: 10.2174/2352631901401010023. The Future High Street: Perspectives on living, learning and livelihoods in our communities by Future Spaces Foundation - issuu (no date). Available at: https://issuu.com/futurespacesfdn/docs/the_future_high_street_-_fsf_-_sps (Accessed: 20 June 2021). Christi, M. (no date) The Value of Community or Neighbourhood Centres, Mossman Support Services. Available at: https://www.mossmansupportservices.org.au/mossman-support-services-news/2017/11/3/the-value-of-community-or-neighbourhood-centres (Accessed: 20 June 2021).

Design Portfolio | 269

Thesis report

CENTRE FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi Kajal Aggarwal A/2928/2016

270 | Community Centre, Punjabi Bagh