Climate Change Negotiation under UNFCCC
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change •
1992: Adoption of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), a framework for action aimed at stabilizing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs).
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1997: Adoption of Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC that commits industrialized countries and countries in transition to a market economy (EITs) to undertake GHG emission reduction targets.
Towards a New Agreement •
2011: Parties agreed to launch a negotiation process with a mandate “to develop a protocol, another legal instrument, or an agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention applicable to all Parties”, that shall be completed as early as possible but no later than 2015 at the Paris Climate Change Conference, and shall enter into force by 2020.
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This new protocol is intended to replace the Kyoto Protocol and may contain commitments for greenhouse gas emission reductions, among others, by all countries, both developed and developing.
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2015: Paris Climate Change Conference
Wearing Different Hats • • • • •
Developed Countries Developing Countries Least Developed Countries & Small Island Developing States Private Business / Industry Civil Society
Goal: To reach an agreement to reduce GHG emission applicable to all countries while still protecting respective interests
Food for Thought •
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What challenges or threats do countries / stakeholders in your group face in common? (poverty, economic growth, sea level rise, livelihood, profit, etc) How do you think responsibilities to reduce GHG emission among the groupings should be shared? How do you interpret ‘applicable to all Parties’? (voluntary / mandatory? equal / differentiated?) What support or assistance from other groupings that your group need in order to be able to contribute to GHG reduction efforts? (financial support, technology, commitment, etc)