German Jordanian University School of Architecture and Built Environment Department of Architecture German Embassy & Cultural Pavilion in Amman Graduation Project by: Karam Al-Dassin Student Number: 20131601069 Supervised by: Dr. Omaimah Al-Arja 2 nd Semester 2018 Amman, Jordan
Table of Contents 1. Introduction ..........................................................................................................................2 1.1 Project Outline 1.2 Goals & Objectives 1.3 Applying Objectives 2.
Context .................................................................................................................................5
2.1 German- Jordanian Relationships 2.2 German Embassy In Amman current situation 2.3 Desig Process Plan 2.4 Sie Analysis 3.
Case studies .........................................................................................................................17
3.1German Embassies Timeline & Case studies 3.2 Embassies in Amman 3.3 International Embassy 3.4 Mood Board 4.
Functional Analysis ............................................................................................................26
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Design ..................................................................................................................................30
5.1 Concept 5.2 Introducing Brick- Claustra 5.3 Concept Diagrams 5.4 Master Plan 5.5 Fuction Diagrams 5.6 Floor Plans 5.7 Sections 5.8 Elevations 5.9 Visualization 6. Approval & Commetment Statement ...................................................................................58 7. Refrences ..................................................................................................................................59
Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Project Outline “The introduction of another country, is the arrival to its embassy�. The idea of designing an embassy came from a personal experience when visiting the current German Embassy in Amman, being the first embassy I ever visited, I realizing how architecture could be a strong representation for both countries, and how a better experience could be created. The idea is to propose a new German embassy building in Amman which works as an extroverted community, hosting activities inspired by both nations, reflects the relationships between the two countries, and enrich the cultural exchange. The new German Embassy in Amman project is to be a new landmark in Amman city with focus on cultural exchange, unique diplomacy representation, and green, sustainable architecture.
Amman- Berlin Combined Skyline GRADUATION PROJECT THESIS BY KARAM AL DASSIN, June 2018 karam_dassin@hotmail.com
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1.2 Goals & Objectives Goals Creating a welcoming image that forms a symbolic representation of the countries’ diplomatic relationships to one another while maintaining security standards through a functional design which could be implemented in reality. Look figure 1 Objectives Creating an extraverted yet secure community which serves the urban fabric and encourage cultural exchange. • Representing Germany’s transparency, openness, and equality. • Reflecting Jordan’s heritage, authenticity, and hospitality.
Fulfill design standards
• Respecting the local culture, and make use its architectural traditions. • Creating a climate-friendly, sustainable architecture.
Integrate cultural exchange
Create a visual identity
Figure 1 Project goals and objectives
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1.3 Applying Objectives
In design terms, methods for accomplishing the previously mentioned objectives include: Provide Public spaces that are safely shared by pedestrians and vehicles. Encourage Positive Cultural Exchange and Expand Representational Opportunities. On a site-specific basis, include sculptural or artistic elements that emphasize positive aspects of the local culture as well as the culture of Germany. Incorporate local materials and culturally appropriate design themes into the spaces. Reflect the Character of Jordan. Include planting, lighting, signage and other site design elements to reinforce the sense of welcome and to incorporate familiar and contextual elements. Look figure 2 Following design standards of Embassy Perimeter Concepts & Design Guidelines. (EPIC, 2011)
Figure 2 Local art instulation example, Darat Al Funun, Amman, Jordan
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Chapter 2: Context 2.1 German Jordanian Relationships ”Germany and Jordan are linked by a long-standing and unique partnership, not only in the political arena. The most impressive proof of the depth of our bilateral relations is the presence of so many German institutions in Jordan. They all bring together people from our two countries, each in its respective field of competence with the common goal of fostering ties between our two nations." (Siefker-Eberle, 2017) Look figure 3 Some examples of German-Jordanian projects & corporations in Jordan:
GJU – German Jordanian University. DAAD– German Academic Exchange Service. DAFI – The Albert Einstein German Academic Refugee Initiative. German Week in Jordan. BGR– German Institute for Geosciences, German Protestant Community GI - Goethe-Institute Amman
Figure 3 His Majesty King Abdullah II & received the credentials of the newly-appointed Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Germany to Jordan, Her Excellency Ms. Birgitta Maria Siefker-Eberle. 2015
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Political Relations
The numerous visits to Jordan by German politicians and the trips to Germany by Jordanian politicians testify to these close relations.
Four of Germany’s political foundations have their own offices in Jordan: the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, the Friedrich Naumann Foundation, the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung and the Hanns Seidel Foundation.
Economic Relations
There are good investment opportunities for German companies in the renewable energy, service, health care and tourism sectors as well as in the area of green technologies (e.g. waste recycling). The German Water Partnership has selected Jordan as one of its focus countries.
Germany is Jordan’s most important European trading partner, along with Italy.
Figure 4 Political & Economic relations between Jordan and Germany
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2.2 German Embassy current situation Uses an old Residential building. Look figure 5 •
Suffers from Lack of space with a total Site Area of 820 sq.
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Has neither Parking nor visitors outdoor Waiting area.
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Does not reflect the strong Relationships between the two countries.
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Cuts a street connection due to security reasons and lack of space.
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Number of visitors increased significantly since it was founded.
Figure 5 Current German Embassy in Amman location near 4th circle, Benghazi Street, Amman
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2.3 Design Process Plan The process for designing embassy perimeters that project a more positive image of Germany, demonstrating an open attitude toward local customs and culture and to the neighbourhood that surrounds the embassy. The site analysis process is addressed first, while subsequent sections describe design options for vehicular and pedestrian barriers, and other design considerations (including planting and hard landscape, representational elements, and sustainability). Throughout the process and implementation of designing embassy perimeters, DOS standard criteria define security requirements in detail. Look figure 6.
Figure 6 Design Process Diagram (EPIC, 2011)
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2.4 Site Selection & Site Analysis District Selection Zahran district is considered as a green zone for embassies in Amman, a common secure district for Embassies in Amman, with easy access to Airport Street.
Figure 7 Embassy District Selection.
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Jordan Climate Jordan has a hot, dry climate characterized by long, hot, dry summers and short, cool winters. January is the coldest month at 5-10°C And August is the hottest month 20-35°C. Around 316 days of sunshine per year with 65-95% Sunshine percentage during the year. (Look Figure8)
Figure 8 Jordan Climate
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Proposed Locations Three location were proposed in Zahran district depending on main factors, And finaal selection was number 3.
Circulation and access to site Site qualities: Size, shape, and physical characteristics. Security Site visibility, Context. Nearest Police station, Other existing Embassies Potential for future expansion Sustainability: Need for earthworks or retaining walls
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Site Proposal 1: Al Qahera Street A 13,000 sq. empty land, offering an easily accecced location, near important landmarks such as: Royal Jordanian head quarter, and 5th circle. Site located on two main streets, and one secondary street. However, placement of Enxctrances on main streets would create traffic jam and security concerns due to heave trafffic. In addition to that, site is highly visable by neighboring buildings, which could threaten security of the embassy.
Figure 9 Site Proposal, Qahera St., Abdoun, Amman, Jordan
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Site Proposal 2: Zein Al Sharaf Street. A 10,000 sq. flat land near the American Embassy in Amman, located on one main street and one secondary street. Limited number of accesses could be created. Also, unsuitable for cultural intervention. In addition to that, demolishing an existing structure might be needed, and reuse of a villa.
Figure 10 Site Proposal 2, Zein Al Sharaf Street, Amman, Jordan
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Site Proposal 3 (Site location) An 18,000 sq. Empty land with 18% Slop (Look figure13), Located near the Australian Embassy. Offers large area with possibility for future expansion (Ambassador Residence), and outdoor parking lots. Security wise, the location is located on streets, one of them is secondary. Low-rise neighbouring buildings with maximum 2.5 floors, separated by a street. Previous qualities had made it the best option that offers security standards, enough land area for the program, and easily visible and recognized.
Site is easily visible from distance and will be a recognizable landmark, making it easy to reach. Land use of the land would need a special permission, and the land south of the site would not be built up in the future since its green area, and garden land use. This assures no blocking of the main elevation of the embassy.
Figure 11 Site Propsal 3, Kayed Al Armouti St., Amman, Jordan
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Land use of the land would need a special permission, and the land south of the site would not be built up in the future since its green area, and garden land use. This assures no blocking of the main elevation of the embassy.
Figure 13 Site Views
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Figure 12 Site Land use
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By studying slope and orientation of the site, sustainable design became more clear to apply, and benefiting of the slope to control privacy and visibility.
Figure 15 Site Slope and Area
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Figure 14 Site North , Sun, and prevaling wind direction
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3. Case studies 3.1 German Embassies Timeline & Case Studies Timeline study was important to understand the evolving of the German embassies building style and concepts (Look diagram 16). Further contemporary examples are seen in (Figure 17).
Figure 16 German Embassies building style timeline
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Although it is easy to jump to conclusions that German embassies are mainly efficiency oriented, but their priorities and style focused on adapting to context, by using available materials and building techniques rather than importing it from outside, which could be clearly seen in many contemporary examples (look figure 17).
Figure 17 Contemporary Examples of German Embassies
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In addition to the timeline and visuals study, further case studies were needed to understand the building style and techniques used in the German embassies. German Embassy in Mexico It is easy to fall into stereotypes such as rationality or functional and technical rigor. The European tradition of construction, moreover, has its own lineaments, associated with its relationship with context. This suggests that the embassy's exposure to the site, dialogue with the neighbouring buildings, and use of local materials Patios: Apart from functional requirements, the three patios inserted into the volume articulated the design and the layout on the lot, and determined the street front image. The walls that delimit the patios are both divisions and faรงade. All of the workspaces and waiting areas are oriented toward the patios. This has also been determined by safety concerns. The parts of the building that look onto the street have a spaciousness and formal abstraction far removed from a conventional office building.
Figure 18 German Embassy in Mexico
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German Embassy in Warsaw Located in the centre of the city, the embassy building stands on a parklike area at the interface between the city and the park. In the immediate vicinity is the Sejm, the Polish Parliament building, spacious palaces, government and administrative buildings and the Lazienki Park, one of the most beautiful palace parks in Europe. With a tripartite and multilayered building complex with a flat roof and its incorporation into the existing park landscape, the architect convinced the jurors of the previously announced competition. Like building bricks, the different areas for the chancellery, consulate and ambassador's residence are stacked up and down and combined into one expansive sculpture. On a rough, green pedestal lies the projecting, T-shaped building with the offices of the law office (see Fig. 13 and 14). Characteristic are the horizontal ribbons in the load-bearing concrete walls. These are clad with structural glass whose corrugated surface, depending on the incidence of light and sunlight, creates a different appearance and reminds of the element of water. From afar, the facade looks like stone or metal, up close like tanned leather. An initially planned glass facade could not be implemented for economic and practical reasons of Figure 19 German Embassy in Warsaw seclusion. The focal point of the office is a large stairwell, which lies at the crossroads of the corridors that are wider in perspective. Attached to the chancery, the residence of the Embassy is located behind the green pedestal made of concrete panels adorned with an ornament of ivy leaves. In its sweeping floor plan, which extends far into the park, the reception rooms of the embassy are arranged, which can be connected via flexible sliding walls to a room of 80 meters in length. Turning away from the offices of the law firm, they open to the green outside space. From the outside, the light and shade of the leaves cast in fine concrete change their appearance depending on the time of the day and the season. GRADUATION PROJECT THESIS BY KARAM AL DASSIN, June 2018 karam_dassin@hotmail.com
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German Embassy in Cairo Taken as an example of sustainable design approach of a German embassy. Location: Cairo, Egypt Year: 2014 Architect: Modus Architects Design competition Concept: ‘Hausgarten’ stacked, hanging garden, offering cool, shaded places for work, living, and cultural exchange. Skin creates a microclimate around the building and constitutes the foundation for the energy concept of the entire structure.
Figure 22 German Embassy in Cairo Propsal 2014 Concept
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Figure 20 German Embassy in Cairo Propsal 2014 Render
Figure 21German Embassy in Cairo Propsal 2014 Section
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3.2 Embassies in Amman Case Studies Embassy of Saudi Arabia in Amman Location: Abdoun, Amman, Jordan
Client: Ministry Of Foreign Affairs Of Saudi Arabia. Construction value: SR 186,000,000 Status: completed Area: 15,136 sq. Year: 2014 Project Credits: Omrania office. •
The embassy complex comprises the embassy building, attaches building, consulate building and residential compound.
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Next to the Embassy, at a lower platform, is the entrance Plaza (which contains the attaches).
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The consulate building is located at the lowest level of the Embassy’s ensemble to the south.
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Towards the east, the lowest level of the site is the terraced Employees housing units, which foreground the Embassy’s complex.
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Attachés link between consulate and chancellery
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Figure 23 Embassy of Saudi Arabia in Amman, photographs
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Dutch Embassy in Amman Example of local embassy sustainable approach. Architects Rudy Uytenhaak Location near the 6th circle, Amman, Jordan Area 1000.0 sq. Project year 2010 Taken as a local example of Sustainable approach in Embassy design.
Figure 24 Dutch Embassy in Amman Sustainable Design
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Figure 25 Dutch Embassy in Amman Photographs
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3.3 International Embassies Case Studies French Embassy in Jakarta Example of an embassy hosting cultural event (French Institute), where different entrances were used a total separation in plan. In addition, shows how the architectural language of the building goes in harmony with Jakarta context, and yet contrast with the hidden part of the embassy building below. Segond-Guyon Architects Location Jakarta 10350, Indonesia Area 5600.0 sq. Project Year 2014
Figure 27 French Embassy in Jakarta ground floor plan
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Figure 26 French Embassy in Jakarta, Shows contrast in materials and the french institute entrance (below)
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3.4 Mood Board An image collage of different visuals created in a preliminary stage of design in order to demonstrate conceptual ideas and imagination of final product. Visuals shows ideas of shadow patterns, light effect, solid vs void, social interaction, sun screens, and use of water surfaces in public buildings.
Figure 28 Mood Board
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4. Functional Analysis 4.1 Spatial Relationships Spatial relationships are studied depending on an actual German embassy in India program done by Hafen City University: Professor Gesine Weinmiller. Full Area Program is included in the index, in addition to the previous case studies planning.
Figure 29 Spatial Relationships diagram GRADUATION PROJECT THESIS BY KARAM AL DASSIN, June 2018 karam_dassin@hotmail.com
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4.2 Areas schedule
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5 Design 5.1 Concept Statement Creating a welcoming image, and engaging the public by offering various functions, linking the German body to the Ammani surroundings, through an open space functions as a socio-cultural exchange hub. Located outside of the security edge, creating image of a bridge going from the public accessed space into the Embassy buildings.
Figure 30 Main Facade render image, showing cultural pavilion transparency in front, and embassy building behind
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5.2 Introducing Brick- Claustra Incorporating local materials and culturally appropriate design while maintaining the German spirit of the buildings concept is a main guideline for the German Embassies. Therefore, white local stone is used to reflect the authentic architecture of Amman. Brick however, is introduced as an indication of German architecture to work hand by hand with stone, to for the whole image and new face of the German embassy in Amman. To achieve this image, Claustra- hollow concrete blocks popular in Ammani architecture-, and Red Brick; the widely used construction material in Germany and Northern Europe- are both combined into a semi-transparent screen system, integrated into the facades. Serving both Image of the Embassy and relation to the context of Jordan, and the sustainable solution for the hot climate of Jordan.
Figure 31 Examples of Claustra use in Amman, Jordan
Figure 32 Examples of Red Brick use in Germany GRADUATION PROJECT THESIS BY KARAM AL DASSIN, June 2018 karam_dassin@hotmail.com
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5.3 Concept Diagrams Site parameters affect the concept development in different aspects in order to maintain security and concept standard. Embassy height for example is designed to be one floor higher than the highest building around site. A 27 m offset standards offset is applied (Look Diagram 1 Figure 33) which is the security standard for Anti-Ram, the distance which a bomb could affect the building. In diagram 3, separation of function shows between the Embassy and the cultural exchange, where Embassy took the highest part of the land and the lowest for the cultural pavilion, each of them is located on a main street. However, the lower main street is considered the one more viewable from distance and designed to be transparent and inviting (Look Figure 30)
Figure 33 Concept Development 1
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The Embassy mass is separated into Chancery –The main building of an embassy where most offices and diplomatic functions are locatedand the Consulate –Includes Attaché's, and Visa Department. The three masses are stepped on the slope depending on level of privacy, the higher the elevation is, the more private it is. (Look Diagram 4, Figure 34).
After the main functions were distributed on site, two Axes are created, perpendicular axis resembling a connection between public (Cultural pavilion) and private (Embassy body). The second axis is to connect the Chancery to the consulate. These Axis function as glazed indoor gardens, used for circulation and recreation, and referred to as Green-Atriums. Brick claustra is applied provide privacy, shading (since openings are south oriented), and patterned shadow effect inside. In addition to that, automated louvers system is applied to the green atriums to control sun light inside throughout the year (Look figure 34).
Figure 34 Concept Development 2
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5.4 Site Plan One site plan, five buildings are laying in a square border, as it was one building divided into smaller parts, allowing nature and sunlight to get in. The Chancery building is designed to look dominant, with its 4 floors height from ground floor level, and long shape. The two buildings in the middle are the Consulate's Visa Department (Right) and Offices (left). The lower buildings are the Cultural attachĂŠ's Library and exhibition, Cultural cafĂŠ, and event public events hall.
Figure 35 Site Plan GRADUATION PROJECT THESIS BY KARAM AL DASSIN, June 2018 karam_dassin@hotmail.com
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5.5 Function Diagrams
Figure 36 Entrances and Parkings GRADUATION PROJECT THESIS BY KARAM AL DASSIN, June 2018 karam_dassin@hotmail.com
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Figure 37 Functions Diagram
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Figure 38 Landscape Diagram
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5.6 Floor Plans
Figure 39 B3 Floor plan: Showing lower entrance (Cultural Pavilion)
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Figure 40 B2 Floor Plan, showing Visa Department and Events Building Entrance Lobby
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Figure 41 B1 Floor Plan: Green Atrium
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Figure 42 Ground Floor Plan: Main Embassy Entrance
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Figure 43 First Floor Plan: Diplomats Offices
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Figure 44 Second Floor Plan: Ambassador Floor GRADUATION PROJECT THESIS BY KARAM AL DASSIN, June 2018 karam_dassin@hotmail.com
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5.7 Sections
Figure 45 Section C: Green Atrium Structure
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Figure 46 Sustainable Systems section 1. Atrium radiating solar energy to the building in winter 2. PV Cells and Solar Panels 3. Automated louvers 4. Light shelves/ overhangs on south elevation
5. Brick pattern screen
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6. Rain water harvesting and reuse 7. Geothermal Heating
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Figure 47 Sections GRADUATION PROJECT THESIS BY KARAM AL DASSIN, June 2018 karam_dassin@hotmail.com
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5.8 Elevations
Figure 48 North Elevation
Figure 49 South Elevation
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Figure 50 East Elevation
Figure 51 West Elevation
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5.9 Visualization
Figure 52 Birds Eye View East GRADUATION PROJECT THESIS BY KARAM AL DASSIN, June 2018 karam_dassin@hotmail.com
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Figure 53 Outdoor Amphitheater and stairs leading to Visa Applicants Entrnace
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Figure 54 Cultural Pavilion Entrance Plaza
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Figure 55 Cultural Pavilion Cafe
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Figure 56 Cultural Pavilion Interior
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Figure 57 View from Green Atrium, overlooking Amman
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Figure 58 Green Atrium
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Figure 59 Green Atrium connection to Chancery Building
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Figure 60 Brick- Glazed Brick Claustra Pattern used as shading element
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6. Approval and Commitment to Ethical Standards and Integrity
I declare my full acknowledgment of GJU laws, bylaws, regulations, and decisions that are currently followed. I certify to have personally prepared my graduation project on my own with integrity and abided by ethical standards in preparing graduation projects; i.e., I did not receive any assistant in preparing the designs, rendering and presentation, model making, computer visualizations and animation, etc., by anyone other than my supervisor and the technical support team at GJU. I also declare that my graduation project was not plagiarized from other projects, books, journals, or any other source. In compliance with the above information I hold myself fully responsible if my graduation project breaches the above. GJU’s Deans Council has the right to revoke the decision of granting me the scientific degree and to withdraw the certificate and approve a statement of “annulled certificate” to be recorded on all documents on my academic record.
Student name: Karam AL Dassin
Signature:
Date:
19/06/2018
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7. References o EPIC. (2011). Embassy Perimeter Improvement Concepts & Design Guidelines. U.S. Department of State. Bureau of Overseas Buildings Operations. o McIntire, D. (n.d.). Standard Embassy Design meets LEED. U.S. Department of State OBO/PE/DE/ADB. o Namm, A. (2009). Design For Diplomacy: New Embassies for the 21st century. Bureau of Overseas Buildings Operations. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of State. o Siefker-Eberle, B. (2017). German Week 2017 in Jordan. o The Site Selection Desk Guide, GSA Office of the Chief Architect, 2003 o https://diplomacy.state.gov/discoverdiplomacy/diplomacy101/places/170537.htm
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