Master thesis "Towards a theory of a hybrid program" by Kareem Nems

Towards a theory of a hybrid program Author: Kareem El Nems

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Towards a theory of a hybrid program Master thesis by: Kareem ElNems Matriculation Nr: 4065528

DI A : Master program ss17/18 Studio : conjectures First supervisor: Prof. JAsper Cepl Second Supervisor: Ivan Kucina 2

Abstract

This thesis research attempts to conjure in architecture using a programmatic approach, assuming that if the concept of time and automation is injected in the architecture design program it will make it Hybrid and this will result in maximizing the functional possibilities of

FIg 0.1) cedric price. Fun palace, 1964. Brochure. Impresión fotomecánica / photomechanical print, 36,2 × 59,6 cm (abierto/open), Dr1995:0188:525:001:016 cortesía de / courtesy of: cedric price fonds, canadian centre for Architecture, Montréal. © cca

"So that is another rule for the whole nature of architecture: it must create new appetites, new hungers-not solve problems, architecture is too slow to solve problems."

activities that can happen in one space.

- Cedric Price, Re: CP, ed. by Hans-Ulrich Obrist (Basel: Birkhäuser, 2003). p. 57

on the other hand, present some case

In line with this major goal, the research presents theoretical references for timed programs focus on cedric price work, and studies that using the same approach. Firstly the research draws a line between program, time and automation and how this will result in a hybrid program, Then experimenting how this hybrid program will maximize the functional possibilities Taking Berlin as a fertile field to apply this approach.

Glossary

Hybrid Building type

' The birth of a ‘‘type’’ is therefore dependent on the existence of a series of buildings having between them an obvious formal and Aldo Rossi, The Architecture of the City, trans. by Diane functional analogy ' Ghirardo and Joan Ockman (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1982), p.41

the very idea of architecture, that which is closest to its essence. In spite of changes, it has always imposed itself on the “feelings and reason” as the principle of architecture and of the city.’

Quatremère de Quincy, “Type” in Encyclopédie Méthodique, vol. 3, trans. Samir Younés, reprinted in The Historical Dictionary of Architecture of Quatremère de Quincy (London: Papadakis Publisher, 2000).

(V) Time Plan, schedule, or arrange when (something) should happen or be done. oxforddictionari

Temporal

The Experience and Perception of Time", The Stanford the duration which is perceived both as presentEncyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2015 Edition), and as extended in time.Edward N. Zalta (ed.)

Automation in architecture

The use or introduction of automatic equipment in a manufacturing or other process or facility. oxforddictionari

Of mixed character; composed of different elements. Oxford dictionary The concept of hybridity involves the amalgamation or combination of previously distinct elements into a new variation. In terms of sustainability, this involves the artificial combination or fusion of naturally distinct kinds of being, such as species or ecosystems, into new forms not found in nature. Thus it fuels the debate over whether the natural world should remain as it is or be altered by humans and technology.

Berkshire Encyclopedia of Sustainability Ray C. Anderson Publisher: Berkshire Publishing Group Print Publication ,2010

Hybrid temporal

A notable development, enriching the traditional framework of temporal logics, is to incorporate features of first-order logic to produce a family of so-called hybrid logics, that blend together the language and metalanguage of temporal logic. Hybrid logics are very expressive, yet they often preserve the good computational properties of standard temporal logic. They include several syntactic mechanisms which extend the classical temporal framework, some of which go back to Prior’s work (see Blackburn 2006) and these are briefly mentioned below, approximately in order of increasing expressiveness. See more details "Temporal Logic", The Stanford and references e.g., in Goranko (1996), Areces and ten Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2015 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.) Cate (2006) and the entry on hybrid logics.

Table of contents xx Abstract XX Glossary 1 Research question 2 Argument 2.1 The architecture Program 2.2 Program and time 2.3 Program, time and automation 2.4 Hybridity 3 Case studies 4 Hybothesis 5 Experiments 6 Berlin

6.1 Application 6.1.1Site analysis 6.1.2 Berlin wheel

8 Conclusion 9 Citation 10 Table of contents

1 Rsearch question

How to increase functional possibili-

this leads to how a building regu-

ties in a building?

late which is commonly knows as

Function

the program. If we went back to The Answer of this question is a

vitruvius three elements of archi-

question of a program and how-how

tecture, venustas (beauty) and

buildings regulate.

firmitas (strength) and we added a new side for this triangle, time,

The first line of categorization of

it may result in A building with the

buildings is one is single programmed

maximum possibilities.

buildings - A mono-type building

structure

Aesthetics

FIg 0.3) A diagram of the relayion between the three elements of architecture for vitruvius

Function

FIg 0.2) A diagram of a Mono type buildings

- and a mixed programs building - A

Injecting time in a building means

mixed-use building-, The difference

that functions are temporal. and

between both types is how the

we may not be able to define

building regulate, In the mixed-use

the nature of how a building is

building the complexity of the rela-

programmed, yet it will increase

Time

tions between the different func-

the possibilities of how many

Function

tions has many benefits but most

functions could we have in one

importantly it gives more functional

space.

possibilities. so the question here is how to upgrade the mixed-use

FIg 0.3) A diagram Mixed use buildings

since time is a concept that we

building in order to maximize the

deduce it from movement, so

functional possibilities.

Time here requires an automa-

Aesthetics

structure

Aesthetics

tion, through parts of a building or for the whole building, or both.

Time FIg 0.4) A diagram of the relation between the three elements of architecture for vitruvius and time

2 Argument The architecture program "theorization of the new “program” in architecture lags seriously behind. If attempted at all in a climate accepting of digital determinism, it has tended to follow old patterns of discourse, split once again between science and art.." Toward a Theory of the Architectural Program Anthony Vidle, 2006

The architecture program had many

according to its economic and political

definitions but widely accepted in

context. Actually for him, Program is

the architectural discourse is by

more like an Agenda in his own words.

John Summerson. A program for

In the same interview, he follows

Summerson “is the description of the

“Program increasingly has another

spatial dimensions, spatial relation-

connotation for me, which is closer

ships, and other physical conditions

to agenda. I have been trying to find

required for the convenient perfor-

ways that we could circumvent or

mance of specific functions”. From this

avoid the architect’s passivity and by

definition we can extract that program

this I mean his or her dependence

is a description for a set of relation-

on the initiatives of others” . This

ships; an arrangement, and Since the

active position Koolhaas mentioned

question of this research, is to increase

points out the difference between

the functional possibilities, therefore

the program as Agenda and program

it is a question of this arrangement

as the description in the definition of

between this spatial relationship.

Summer. So, The question remains is

Program + ?

What, then, are the opportunities for “My work with the program began as

the architecture program today?

a desire to pursue different means of expression that were similar to writing screenplays 2“

Rem Koolhaas, and

therefore each project, for Koolhaas has it is own programmatic agenda 1

Amansa Reeser Lawrance and Ashley

SchaferPraxis architecture journal issue 8 (2006 ).

2 Ibid.

FIG 2.1) Praxis: Journal of Writing and Building, Issue 8: Re:Programming, Ashley 14

Schafer and Amanda Reeser Lawrence, 2006

Program - Time

“Architecture should have little to do with problemsolving - rather it should create desirable conditions and opportunities hitherto thought impossible.” Cedric Price,

Talking about time in architecture in a

four hour entertainment center that

sense of a schedule more than a concept,

marries communications technology

a tool , of regulation to maximize the

and standard buildings components

functional possibilities, speaking about

to produce a machine that capable

possibilities of space it was important

of adapting to the user needs and

to mention cedric price Fun palace. "

desire”2 . In Fun palace neither content

cedric price’s Fun palace, conceived

or form are stable, always in change,

by joan littlewood and considered by

shrinking, expanding or even disman-

price as a “giant neo-futurist machine,”

tling according to the user need. Then

ran very close to the programmatic

she follows desciping his conception

revolution for which he was calling in

about time. Time is not the accumula-

1960: a giant “anti-building” seen as a

tion of historical process, but for price,

“zone of total probability, in which the

it is the fourth dimension and not

possibility of participating in practically

reducible to a visual lexicon. For price,

everything could be caused to exist.” .

the social produces the architectural

His spaces were temporal, a university

in time and the new social forms of

that is temporally is replaced with a

time and space are not comparable to

of constant transformation" 3. exterior space is framed by the structure that defines the area of

workshop, workshops that becomes

what our perception have experienced

variability of the project. The Fun palace is entirely a space for opportunity. represented by a

a theatre in one building. Mary lou

to daterevolution for which he was

line that limits a void, price draws the crane level as a dotted line above the building.

lobsinger describing price work in her

calling This responsiveness is based on

paper, architecture of performance

a complex system where the building

“ The fun palace is a proposal for a

and its users act mutually in a dynamic

FIg 2.2) cedric price, fun palace, 1964

temporary, multi-programmed twenty 1

Anthony vidler - Toward a Theory of the Architectural

program

2 Mary lou lobsinger, cedric price. An Architecture of performance, Daidalos Architecture journal, 2000

Mary lou lobsinger, cedric price. An Architecture of performance, Daidalos Architecture journal, 2000

This representation, though the most

technology and information revolu-

diagrammatic in the whole Price’s

tion. On the other hand Architecture

archive, is the most accurate with

is an authoritarian profession. At the

respect to the variable and indefinite

end of the day it deals with market and

nature of the project. In contrast, Price

profit makers who want to see a clear

drew the Centre Pompidou as a black

vision for any product, this is what price

square. Unlike the Fun Palace, the

proposals lack, firstly, a clear scenario.

Centre Georges Pompidou is a fixed

secondly, The futurist Arthur C. Clarke

scheme, where all the possibilities are

in his chapter in Inventing the future

always predetermined and confined to

criticized the utopian proposals saying

the structure. The real difficulty with

‘“The demands we propose are there-

the Fun Palace was not that no-one

fore intended as non-reformist reforms.

knew what it might look like, but that

By this we mean three things. First,

it was never clear how it would be

they have a utopian edge that strains

controlled and who would have the

at the limits of what capitalism can

viability that revolutionary dreams lack. Third, and most importantly, such demands shift the current

fun of controlling all the gantries and

concede. This transforms them from

political equilibrium and construct a platform for further development. They project an open-ended

moving parts. The greatest attribution

polite requests into insistent demands

escape from the present, rather than a mechanical transition to the next, predetermined stage of

in Price work is the injection of the

charged with belligerence and antago-

history”2 . So, we can come to conclusion that injecting time in program in price sense gives possi-

idea of time in his proposals with the

nism. Such demands combine the

bilities but at the same time it loses control, what is proposed in this research is controlled time of

consciousness of the benefits of the

futural orientation of utopias with the

activties, a well designed possibilities.

overlaid and encountered programs.

immediate intervention of the demand,

Also how architecture can respond to

invoking

apology’. Second, these non-reformist

From the Fun Palace to the Generator Cedric

‘utopianism

FIG 2.3) Cedric Price, fun palace, 1964

without

Price and the conception of the first intelligent

proposals are grounded in real tenden-

building, José Hernández

cies of the world today, giving them a

Arthur C. Clarke, Post-Work Imaginaries, Invinting the future, Chapter 6, P 268, 2015

Program + Controlled Time = Increase in functional possibilties

Program + Controlled Time + Automation = Maximum possibilities

Program - Time - automation

Looking at the technological history of

vehicles of all types and one capable of

architecture we find that a small inven-

generating still new forms of urbanism.

tion like the elevator changed the cities

It is the dream of not only movement

radically, The elevator is the simple

up and down, but automated, omni-

evidence of how we can improve the

directional movement that is instantly

possibilities of our buildings, we such

responsive to need like a biological

an invention, we now see skyscrapers,

circulatory system or like an electronic

functions we used to see at the street

network. Historically, vehicles from

level became in the highest ones,

elevators to conveyor belts to cars have

Thinking with the same direction but

aspired to behaviors associated with

more with a wider perspective and

not only movement but navigation.

ask a question, can a whole building

Cars have occasionally aspired to the

rotate, flip, swipe ?, Hypothetically, this

repertoire of elevators as a population

maximizing the functional possibilities

of vehicles that move intelligently

that the research seeks. Elevators, for

through buildings and infrastructure,

example, a simple tactic of moving a

and elevators have occasionally aspired

room up and down to transport people,

to the repertoire of cars with an ability

yet, however simple is it may seem, it

to move horizontally, independent of a

changed how we see cities completely.

single shaft. Merging several transport

FIG 2.4) Elisha Otis elevator

to reshuffle expectations about what constitutes navigable surface in architecture and urbanism..1

ambitions, automated guided vehicles Keller Easterling in her book says " Yet

(AGVs) of all sorts are combining the

perhaps the most persistent and as-yet

repertoire of elevators, cars, cranes,

unfulfilled ambition linked to this vision

lifts, and other lateral moving vehicles.

of the conveyance germ is one shared by

Any of these vehicles have the potential 1 Alisa Goetz , Up, Down and Across: Elevators, Escalators, and Moving Sidewalks (New York: Merrel) â&#x20AC;&#x201D; 2003

Hybridity

Hybridity is defined as a mix or a fusion of different elements in one whole image. And since the idea of this research is to fuse different programs that is regulated by time or a schedule in one whole. So this program will be hybrid. Hybridity could be percieved as a method of ambigous results or , polyvalency, fusion, and interbreeding. In architecture Hybridic programs can mediate between two functions that are

very different from each other,

as in a ramp that acts as a bridge, or a classroom that can be used as an exhibition space or a residential space. In this research a hybrid program is a fusion of different programs where spaces can host two different functions, not at the same time but rather following a schedule. It comes in a form of a scinario of a loop. Hense, A hybridic program is method to maximize the functional spaces of buildings.

3 Case studies

1 primary school

government insitution Tanta, Egypt permanent structure The generic structure of the school Gives possiblties to be used in different ways. The key factor in this school is that people goveronrate the activties to building according to their needs, As a result the classrooms become locker rooms, the soccer ďŹ eld become a huge dinning area for the neighbrhood while the classrooms become a kitchen for cooking the huge amount of food. These kind of spaces gives the city the type of building it needs, A 24 hour working building that serve the neeeds of people. It also raise the question of how many function probablty can

a space has. On the other hand, it raise another question how we can also improve and maximize these potentials.

FIg3.1) school layout

FIg3.2) Map showing school activties during the year 28

2 Prada Transformer 2009 Rem koolhaas Seoul, Korea temporal Pavilion

It as "event architecture," lauding "its ability to restage, in form and in content, certain aspects of our visual culture." Critic Aaron Betsky

A multi functioning, Transformative

global managers of power and

geometry that adabts four different uses

markets.

The pavilion has fore different functions

with the precise tools offered by

happenning in the same space, The way

information and visual mapping,

it regulates depends on the need to host

can only perceive and predict;

an event. The common factor is that the

their role is not in inventing the

space can host more than one activity,

program, but identifying its raw

Unlike the School, the industrial aesthetic

material.â&#x20AC;?

Architects,

armed

of Prada paviltion is intrinsically linked to the mechanical capacity of cranes and their operational possibilities. Part of the role of the architect in this case is the tactic and movement the building is designeed to do, This maximized the possiplties of the given program. "science offers no solutions, only knowledge; solutions are the province of the FIg 3.3) Axonometric showing prada transformer space program

FIg 3.4) map showing prada transformet transformation

4 Hypothesis Finding the struc-

Thesis statement:

ture which with a

Maximizing the possiblties of architecture using a hybrid program

with

as a methodology

dynamism

A- injecting time in programming A1- Time as a programming tool according to function working

simple

specific

maximize

that

potential of using

than one function in

the space

the same one space

Tactic Structure

A2-Time is a manifistation of movement, so here Time is regu

B- Combinations &Permutations

A Hybrid program

Maximum possiblties Combinations &Permutations

B1- Overlapping the needed archietcture programs to examine

C- Tactic & movements

&movement

Time Program

the possiblity of having a same space with multiple uses.

the

allows to have more

hours. lator and also represented with automation.

movement

A well defined/ designed

Finding overlapos

probabilities

between programs so that we can use

C1- Examinig different structures that gives the maximumum possiblties of using the same space more than one time. D- Application

same space for more than one function

FIG 4.1) Mapping the hypothesis

5 Experimentation 1- Combinations &Permutations occupy large area of land, leave many empty spaces behind, limited possiblties (lack events, poor quality of space

If we have 8 diffirent programs, what are the possibilties to merge them ? piblic space

exhibition

The reason of choosing these dspicific different programs is that in one hand, It exists in every city, every

Hostel

school

neighbrhood. It acts as center/s

Horizontal stacking,

occupy small area of land, efficient occupation of spaces, limited possiblties (lack events, poor quality of space, exclusive relation to higher floors

educational, recreational or social. There is no neighbrhoos that is not without any of these programs. since the question of the research is a question of maximum functional

vertical stacking

recreational

night clubs occupy small area of land, efficient occupation of spaces, limited possiblties (lack events, poor quality of space, exclusive relation to higher floors

possiblties, so ,what are the fuscion methods to merge them together. First is spatial, second is with time, spatially, there is three ways, first is horizontal stacking, secondly is vertical stacking, and Thirdly is a

library

Theatre

mix between both.

FIg 5.1) primitive space program for some architecture types a recipe for the hybrid program

FIg 5.3) experimenting different programmatic approach of fusion

semi-Horizontal, semi-vertical stacking 37

Dec nov

exhibition Theatre

oct

5h sep 24h

Hostel

Aug

24h

piblic space

july

9h nightclubs

june May

school

April

March Feb

recreational

jan

library

5h 12h library FIg 5.5) Mapping building working hours

FIg 5.4) Time schedule for the different functions

FIg 5.6) pissibility of fusion the programs

Experimentation

1- Combinations &Permutations

1-1- Detailing

1-1- Detailing 1-1-1 Daily base

Furniture could be foldable, folded, packed and stored in shafts that is hidden either in the slaps or in the walls so that the space be prepared to hold another functuion

Books down ! it is time for fun !

classroom

standard classroom with size of 6 X 8 m, could hold exhibition,

FIg 5.2.1) Diagram showing of how a space can hold more than one function 42

FIg 5.2.2) classroom 43

Workshop

partyspace

lets have fun

FIg 5.2.3) Workshop

FIg 5.2.4) partyspace

Experimentation 1- Combinations &Permutations

exhibition

1-1- Detailing 1-1-1 Weekly base

It is show time

Theatre

FIg 5.2.5) exhibition

library

FIg 5.2.6) Theatre and library

Experimentation 1- Combinations &Permutations 1-1- Detailing 1-1-2 Weekly base 1-1-2-1 Theatre-Library detailing

Furniture could be foldable, folded, packed and stored in shafts that is hidden either in the slaps or in the walls so that the space be prepared to hold another functuion

FIg 5.2.7) one space theatre and library

Experimentation

1- Tactic and movement

1-1- Collapsed cube

1-1- Spinning floors

Structure with a specific dynamism that allows two have more than one function in the same one space

Furniture could be foldable, folded, packed and stored in shafts that is hidden either in the slaps or in the walls so that the space be prepared to hold another functuion

FIG 5.3.1) Collapsed cube 50

FIG 5.3.2) Spinning floors 51

Experimentation

1- Tactic and movement

1-1- Rubik cube

1-1- wheel - Horizontal

Furniture could be foldable, folded, packed and stored in shafts that is hidden either in the slaps or in the walls so that the space be prepared to hold another functuion

FIg 5.3.3) rubik cube

FIg 5.3.4) Wheel Horizontal

Experimentation 1- Tactic and movement 1-1- wheel - Vertical

Furniture could be foldable, folded, packed and stored in shafts that is hidden either in the slaps or in the walls so that the space be prepared to hold another functuion

FIG 5.3.5) Wheel Vertical

FIG 5.3.6) Wheel Vertical tactic and movement

6 - Application

Application

1- Berlin

1- Berlin 1-1- NeuKolln

According to Senate department for urban

development and housing â&#x20AC;&#x153;Some of areas facing social discrimination. Unemployment, dependence on state aid and the

issues arising from a lack of social and ethnical integration affect the everyday life and the future prospects of the people living in those areas.

in social urban development takes place on

various levels. Our experience has shown that sustainable change can primarily be achieved

through improving educational opportunities and facilitating the process of integration among the various nations living in the neighborhoods.

FIg 6.1.1) Berlin map

FIg 6.1.2) neuKolln map

Application

1- Berlin

1-1- NeuKolln

1-1-1- Dammwegsiedlung / White settlement

The Quartier Dammwegsiedlung / White Settlement is a residential area of social housing construction of the 1970s. Typical

are the partially 18-storey building b ands, which are strongly separated from the

neighboring buildings. The characteri stic bright houses, which are now owned by

the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Puma Brandenburg Limitedâ&#x20AC;?, gave the

area the name White Settlement. The area

is limited by the AronsstraĂ&#x;e in the north, the diesel road in the east, the dam path in the south and the sun avenue in the west.

Should be developed and strengthened

against this backdrop. The potential for the further development of the settlement lies in

particular in the good supply of green and open spaces, the good accessibility and

connection and the diverse facilities with education, advice and leisure facilities.

FIg 6.1.3) Dammwegsiedlung / White settlement map 58

FIg 6.1.4) site map

Application 1- Berlin 1-1- NeuKolln 1-1-1- Dammwegsiedlung / White settlement

The Quartier Dammwegsiedlung / White Settlement is a residential area of social housing construction of the 1970s. Typical

are the partially 18-storey building b ands, which are strongly separated from the

neighboring buildings. The characteri stic bright houses, which are now owned by

the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Puma Brandenburg Limitedâ&#x20AC;?, gave the

area the name White Settlement. The area

is limited by the AronsstraĂ&#x;e in the north, the diesel road in the east, the dam path in the south and the sun avenue in the west.

Should be developed and strengthened

against this backdrop. The potential for the further development of the settlement lies in

particular in the good supply of green and open spaces, the good accessibility and

connection and the diverse facilities with education, advice and leisure facilities.

FIg 6.1.5) site analysis ( Mapping services in site )

FIg 6.1.5) site analysis ( Mapping services in relevance to time ) 61

? FIg 6.1.6) site inside Berlin

FIg 6.1.7) site inside Berlin with the application

Application 1- Berlin wheel

24 h

1-1 Program

public space 7:00 - 14:00

educational spaces Kindergarden library co-Working spaces 24 h climbing wall

13:00 - 21:00

exhibitionl spaces seminar rooms 21:00 - 6:00

library Theatre 13:00 - 21:00

nightclub co-Working spaces 24 h Theatre 21:00 - 6:00

7:00 - 14:00 FIg 7.1.2) space program in relevance to time

nightclub Temporal residency FIg 7.1.1) space program

Application 1- Berlin wheel 1-1 Core

A new definition

exclusive view to the city

for the core which is a 3 floors of commercial areas retail shops - with a lower part that has an exclusive view FIg 7.2.1) core isolated

to the city.

FIg 7.2.2) core program

Application 1- Berlin wheel 1-2 Edu/Cultural/ open spaces

What an amazing view !

FIg 7.2.3) core user experience

FIg 7.3.1) part 1 ( educational/exhibition space, Kindergarden/ seminar room, ramp/ climbing wall ) 68

classrom

shaft to store the furniture

FIg 7.3.2) part 1 program ( educational/ exhibition space, Kindergarden/ seminar room, ramp/ climbing wall )

0 70

FIg 7.3.3) part 1 tactics ( educational/exhibition space )

50 71

FIg 7.3.5) part 1 Kinder garden

exhibition space expandable staircase

FIg 7.3.4) part 1 tactics ( educational/exhibition space )

Is it a seminar room or a class room

Art is Fart

FIg 7.3.7) part 1 seminar room FIg 7.3.6) part 1 Kinder garden detail

What an amazing view !

Application 1- Berlin wheel 1-3 Theatre/ Library/Nightclub

climbing wall

I love u public space

FIg 7.3.8) part 1 climbing wall/ ramp

FIg 7.4.1) part 2 ( church/ Theatre, library, night club )

FIg 7.4.3) part 2 library

FIg 7.4.2) part 2 program ( church/ Theatre, library, night club )

0 78

FIg 7.4.4) part 2 night club

50 79

FIg 7.4.7) part 2 church

0 80

FIg 7.4.5) part 2 church/ Theatre space program

FIg 7.4.6) part 2 Theatre

Application 1- Berlin wheel 1-4 Co-working spaces/Residency

FIg 7.4.8) part 2 Detail ( court that flips and become a door )

FIg 7.5.1) part 3

20m

FIg 7.5.2) part 3 program

FIg 7.5.4) part 3 Tactic of a unit ceiling that become a pathway

50m

Application 1- Berlin wheel 1-5 Structure

The Interaction centre is represented through its open and closed spaces. Although there is a portion of the building that is fixed, the exterior space is framed by the structure that defines the area ofvariability of the project.

FIg 7.6.1) structure analysis

Application 1- Berlin wheel 1-5 Circulation and services

FIg 7.7.1) circulation

Application 1- Berlin wheel 1-6 drawings

FIg 7.8.1) section at morning

0 90

20m

FIg 7.8.2) section at afternoon

50m 91

FIg 7.8.3) section at evininng

0 92

50m

FIg 7.8.4) section at late night

50m 93

FIg 7.8.5) interior shot for the core

FIg 7.8.6) exterior shot for the ramp

FIg 7.8.7) Main exterior shot 96

Conclusion

Bibliography

This research not just maximized the func-

1- Lawrance, Amansa, Reeser and Ashley Schafer. "Re-Programming". Praxis architecture journal issue 8 (2006 ).

tional possiblties of a space, also it offer

2- Vidler, Anthony . "Toward a Theory of the Architectural Program"

ande conception about how we concieve

3- Mary Lou Lobsinger, Cedric Price. An Architecture of Performance, Daidalos Architecture

space, a space with schedule, On the other

journal, 2000.

hand a new spatial experience like a court

4--A rthur C. Clarke, Post-Work Imaginaries, Invinting the future, Chapter 6, P 268, 2015

that become an entrance or a ramp that

5- Koolhaas ,Rem,."Delirious New York", The Monacelli press, 1978.

become a climbing wall. An event making

6- Rowe ,Colin, and Fred Koetter. "From Collage City, manuscript in circulation from 1973", in

machine, All of this is a result of injecting

(Architecture theory since 1968, ed. K. Michel Hays, Colimbia books of architecture, p 88.

time as a regulator in spaces with the help

7- Virilio, Paul."The over exposed city". in Re-Thniking architecture A reader in cultural history, ed.

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Table of content Inhalt

FIG 5.2.5) Exhibition

FIG 5.2.6) Theatre and library 47

FIG 0.1) Cedric Price. Fun

FIG 5.2.7) One space theatre and library

Palace, 1964. Brochure. 4

FIG 5.3.1) Collapsed cube

Impresión fotomecánica / 4

FIG 5.3.2) Spinning floors

Photomechanical print, 36,2 4

FIG 5.3.3) Rubik cube

× 59,6 cm (abierto/open),

FIG 5.3.4) Wheel Horizontal 53

DR1995:0188:525:001:016 4

FIG 5.3.5) Wheel Vertical 54

Cortesía de / Courtesy of:

FIG 5.3.6) Wheel Vertical tactic and movement 55

Cedric Price fonds, Canadian 4

FIG 6.1.1) Berlin map

Centre for Architecture, 4

FIG 6.1.2) NeuKolln map 57

FIG 6.1.3) Dammwegsiedlung / White settlement map

FIG 0.2) A diagram of a Mono type buildings

FIG 6.1.5) Site analysis ( Mapping services in site )

FIG 0.4) A diagram of the relation between the three elements of architecture for vitruvius and time

FIG3.2) Map showing school activties during the year

FIG 7.1.1) Space program 64

FIG 3.3) Axonometric showing Prada transformer space program 31

FIG 7.1.2) Space program in relevance to time 65

FIG 3.4) map showing Prada transformet transformation 32

FIG 7.2.1) Core isolated 66

FIG 4.1) Mapping the hypothesis 35

FIG 7.2.2) Core program

FIG 5.1) Primitive space program for some architecture types a recipe for the hybrid program FIG 5.3) Experimenting different programmatic approach of fusion

FIG 6.1.6) Site inside Berlin 62 FIG 6.1.7) Site inside Berlin with the application

FIG 7.2.3) Core user experience 68 FIG 7.3.1) Part 1 ( Educational/Exhibition space, Kindergarden/ Seminar room, Ramp/ Climbing wall ) 69

FIG 5.5) Mapping building working hours 38 FIG 5.4) Time schedule for the different functions

FIG 6.1.5) Site analysis ( Mapping services in relevance to time ) 61

FIG 2.1) Praxis: Journal of Writing and Building, Issue 8: Re:Programming, Ashley Schafer and Amanda Reeser Lawrence, 2006 FIG3.1) School layout

FIG 6.1.4) Site map 59

FIG 0.3) A diagram of the relayion between the three elements of architecture for vitruvius

100

FIG 5.2.4) Partyspace

FIG 7.3.2) Part 1 program ( Educational/Exhibition space, Kindergarden/ Seminar room, Ramp/ Climbing wall )

FIG 5.6) Pissibility of fusion the programs 41

FIG 5.2.1) Diagram showing of how a space can hold more than one function 42

FIG 7.3.3) Part 1 tactics ( Educational/Exhibition space ) 71

FIG 5.2.2) Classroom

FIG 7.3.4) Part 1 tactics ( Educational/Exhibition space ) 72

FIG 5.2.3) Workshop

FIG 7.3.5) Part 1 Kinder garden 73 101

FIG 7.3.6) Part 1 Kinder garden detail 74 FIG 7.3.7) Part 1 Seminar room

FIG 7.3.8) Part 1 Climbing wall/ Ramp 76 FIG 7.4.1) Part 2 ( Church/ Theatre, Library, Night club ) 77 FIG 7.4.2) Part 2 Program ( Church/ Theatre, Library, Night club ) 78 FIG 7.4.3) Part 2 library 79 FIG 7.4.4) Part 2 Night club 79 FIG 7.4.5) Part 2 Church/Theatre space program FIG 7.4.7) Part 2 Church

FIG 7.4.6) Part 2 Theatre

FIG 7.4.8) Part 2 Detail ( Court that flips and become a door ) 82 FIG 7.5.1) Part 3 83 FIG 7.5.2) Part 3 Program

FIG 7.5.4) Part 3 Tactic of a unit ceiling that become a pathway 85 FIG 7.6.1) Structure analysis 87 FIG 7.7.1) Circulation 88 FIG 7.8.1) Section at morning

FIG 7.8.2) Section at afternoon 91 FIG 7.8.3) Section at evininng

FIG 7.8.4) Section at late night 93 FIG 7.8.5) interior shot for the core 94 FIG 7.8.6) Exterior shot for the ramp 95 FIG 7.8.7) Main exterior shot

DI A : Master program ss17/18 Studio : conjectures

102

103

Towards a theory of a hybrid program

DI A 17/18