LEARN ABOUT HOW MANY WAYS YOU COMMUNICATE EVERYDAY
COMMUNIQUE
ONION THEORY IDENTITY MANAGEMENT
COMMUNICATION PRIVACY MANAGEMENT
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The symbolic interaction is based on social interaction where a variety of methods is used, through the social interaction behavior develops as they are created and cannot be separated for obvious reasons. The first includes everything a human being can be seen in his world, including physical objects. Symbols second use is a method of interpretation and intelligent expression of the human being.
Social exchange theory arises from the behavior of an exchange process in order to maximize social relations. The theory is based on benefits and risks that can bring positive results and resulting negative due to a combination of factors. The basic idea of this theory is that the relationships that give us greater benefits are what we value most and is likely to remain long term for increased communication with friends.
Uncertainty Cognitive Vs. Uncertainty of
Behavior The uncertainty reduction theory is based on relationships of individuals better known as the theory of the initial interaction researched and developed in 1975 by Richard Calabrese and Charles Berger. The theory covers two types of uncertainty; the first is cognitive uncertainty is part of each other's beliefs, it focuses on reducing uncertainty in the initial interaction of communication. The second is the uncertainty of behavior based on indicators like and dislike. Many people find unpleasant communication in interpersonal relationships and are motivated to reduce it by a good relationship.
Theories based on interpersonal communication
T H E O R I E S O F I N T E R P E R S O N A L C O M M U N I C A T I O N
Relational dialects theory
Relational dialects theory suggests that relational life is always in process. People in relationships continually feel the pull-push of conflicting desires. Basically, people wish to have autonomy and connection, openness and protective-ness, and novelty and predictability. Three different types of relational dialects:
Connectedness and separateness
•Not all relationships can be enduring without the individuals involved within it also having their time alone to themselves. Individuals who are only defined by a specific relationship they result to tend loss of self identity.
Certainty and Uncertainty
•individuals love having mistery and spontaneity at the same time in relationships. Much research has shown that relationships which become boring are not desirable.
Openness and Closedness
•Conflits are often a straight path towards communication-
Identity management theory Explaining the roll of relationships in people’s identity:
Cultural influence: Partners of different cultures negotiate with each other, in an effort to satisfy desires for adequate autonomous identities and relational identities.
Establishing identities: Everyone has a desired identity and they keep building it through
Tensions within intercultural relationships: It normally happens when partners don’t know each other so well so they feel like they’re being stereotyped and not recognized as a complex individual.
Relational stages of identity management: 1) Trial stage: Partners are beginning to explore their cultural differences and dealing which cultural identity they want for the relationship. 2) Enmeshment stage: They establish common cultural features. Couples become more comfortable with their collective identity and the relationship in general. 3) Renegotiation stage: It is at this stage that cultural difference become part of the relationships and not a tension within them.
T H E O R I E S O F I N T E R P E R S O N A L C O M M U N I C A T I O N
COMMUNICATION PRIVACY MANAGEMENT THEORY
Communication privacy management theory is about how people manage their limits. This theory focuses on how people separate their public information from the private.
BOUNDARIES: Every individual has limits when sharing information to protect themselves.
CO-OWNERSHIP OF INFORMATION: When someone chooses to share private information with someone else, they become co-owner of the information. Co-ownership comes with negociated rules, responsibilities, and rights.
BOUNDARY TURBULENCE: It happens when rules are not understood by coowners, and when they violates the rules.
COGNITIVE DISSONANCE THEORY When dissonance does occur, individuals are motivated to reduce the dissonance they experience by avoiding situations that would either cause the dissonance or increase the dissonance. For this reason, cognitive dissonance is considered a drive state that encourages motivation to achieve consonance and reduce dissonance.
Selective exposure
Selective attention
SELECTION PROCESS Selective interpretation
Selective retention
The theory was developed in the 1950s by Leon Festinger
It is part of the Cybernetic Tradition, explains how humans are consistency seekers and attempt to reduce their dissonance, or discomfort, in new situations.
ATTRIBUTION THEORY Attribution theory assumes that we make social judgments, as a way to clarify or predict behavior. Like we draw conclusions of the actions that we observe.
As we make attributions, we may fall victim to the fundamental attribution error which is when we overemphasize internal attributions for others and underestimate external attributions.
Steps to the attribution process 1. Observe the behavior or action.
2. Make judgments of interactions and the intention of that particular action. 3. Making the attribution which will be either internal, where the cause is related to the person, or external, where the cause of the action is circumstantial.
EXPENTANCY VIOLATIONS THEORY This explains the relationship between non-verbal message production and the interpretations people hold for those non-verbal behaviors. Arousal
ALL THESE PLAY A RULE IN THIS THEORY
When a deviation of expectations occurs. There are two types of arousal: Cognitive arousal (our mental awareness of expectancy deviations) Physical arousal (challenges our body faces as a result of expectancy deviations.) Reward valence When an expectation is not met, we hold particular perceptions as to whether or not. It dpends on the individue to view the positive or negative impact of the violation. Proxemic (Space we use tocommunicate) Intimate distance (0–10 inches) Personal distance(38 inches – 64 feet) Social distance(54–82 feet)