Scrap Metals – Know them Right! Scrap metals are generally bifurcated into two large categories - Ferrous and Non- Ferrous metals. However, it is vital to know the correct characteristics and proper difference between the two. If not known in a detailed fashion, the scrap dealing could go for a toss. Let us first have a look at what exactly are ferrous metals. Ferrous metals basically comprise of metals like steel (mild steel, carbon steel and stainless steel) and iron (cast iron and wrought iron). These metals are generally used to make appliances like dryers, washers, freezers, refrigerators, electric stoves, etc. These metals are mainly put into usage for their known strength and durability. Non-ferrous scrap metals, the more malleable ones, are those like aluminum, zinc, copper, stainless steel, lead, brass and platinum. These are most commonly found in various day-to-day appliances like lawn mowers, air conditioners, refrigerators, etc. and also in the plumbing fixtures like faucets, plumbing pipes, valves, drains, etc. Another most common place to find these metals is cans, tins, window trims, car parts, radiators, etc. Differentiation between these metals can be done by: 1. Usage of magnets: Ferrous metals normally get attracted towards magnet because of the presence of iron ore in large quantities. However, an exception to the same is stainless steel because of the presence of nickel in it. Stainless steel does not get attracted towards a magnet. Non- ferrous metals do not carry iron ore or if there is any presence, it is in low quantities. Thus, these metals do not get attracted towards a magnet.
2. Presence of rust on the metal: The next determinant whether a metal is ferrous or not can be easily decided if rust is found on the surface of the metal. Ferrous metals are prone to rusting. So rust can be a very strong determinant of whether a metal is ferrous or not. Non-ferrous metals, due to the absence of iron ore in them, are rust-free and also are highly resistive to corrosion. These metals however, can undergo oxidization, but that too can be detected and differentiated as rusting creates a reddish, porous looking film whereas oxidization displays flaky and white layers.
Apart from the above mentioned differences, non-ferrous metals fetch higher prices than ferrous metals. This is because ferrous scrap is recycled on a larger scale as compared to non-ferrous scrap metals.