URUGUAY
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
HANGZHOU, JUNE 2010
URUGUAY
INTRODUCTION Complete name: República Oriental del Uruguay Capital (and largest city): Montevideo Official language: Spanish Area:
176,215 km2
Population:
3,494,382 (93.3% urban population)
Density:
19.8/ km2
GDP (PPP):
U$S 44.029 billion / Per capita: U$S 13,163
Ethnic groups: 92% descends from immigrants (Mainly Spaniards, Italians and other European countries. 8% descendants of African.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
CAPITAL CITY: MONTEVIDEO
URUGUAY
INTRODUCTION Second smallest nation in South America (after Suriname) Continental land:
176,214 km2
Jurisdictional water :
142,199 km2
Landscape features: mostly rolling plains and low hill ranges (“cuchillas”) with a fertile coastal lowland. Fluvial network: 4 river basins or deltas; the Río de la Plata, the Uruguay River, the Laguna Merín and the Río Negro. Highest point: Cerro Catedral (514 m) Lowest point Atlantic Ocean (0 m) Climate:
Template ( 6-32 ºC)
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
MAP OF URUGUAY
URUGUAY
AGRICULTURE Labour force by occupation: Agriculture: 9% Industry: 15% Services: 76% Main industries: food processing, electrical machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, textiles, chemicals, beverages Total agricultural area: 16.4 million ha Agricultural population: 190,000 Subsistence farmers: 157.000 Gross product of agro-industrial production: 4.400 million USD Gross value of agricultural production: 5,000 million USD Main Products: Soybean, Corn, Barley, Rice, Sunflower, Sugarcane
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
COUNTRYSIDE IN URUGUAY
URUGUAY
FORESTRY Total forest area: 1.722.000 hectares Exotic species Surface (Thousand ha) Eucalyptus
676
Pines
275
Others
19
Native forest: 752 000 hectares
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
EUCALYPTUS FORESTRY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF MALDONADO
BAMBOO IN URUGUAY
BAMBOO IN URUGUAY
SPECIES There are 2 genera and 3 species in Uruguay. There is only one useful species, Guaduatrinii, which is sometimes found growing along the forest banks of River Uruguay and its tributaries, in the department of Río Negro The native woody bamboo species of Uruguay are the following: • • •
Chusquea Juergensii Hackel Chusquea Tenella Nees Guadua trinii Ruprecht (“Caña tacuara”)
( as well as there are no bamboo plantations, there are no introduced bamboo species so far)
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
GUADUATRINII IN THE DEPARTMENT OF RIO NEGRO
BAMBOO IN URUGUAY
LOCALIZATION
Bambusa tuldoides & Phyllostachys aurea Guaduatrinii
Guaduatrinii
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
LOCALIZATION OF BAMBOO IN THE COUNTRY
BAMBOO IN URUGUAY
HANDCRAFTS •
Incense
•
Kaleidoscopes
•
Pens
•
Smoking Accessories
•
Lamps
•
Jewellery Displays
•
Hangers
•
Key holder
•
Vases
•
Chandeliers
•
Bracelets, pendants
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
LOCAL HANDCRAFTS
BAMBOO IN URUGUAY
CONSTRUCTION Bamboo is used as fences and roof or as decoration, in tourist resort areas.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
BAMBOO FOR CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
REPUBLIC UNIVERSITY Centro de Diseño Industrial
Universidad de la República
(Industrial Design Institute)
(Republic university)
Facultad de Arquitectura
(Faculty of architecture)
Teaching Extension
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
Research
INSIDE THE FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
DEFINITION Industrial Design (ID) is the professional service of creating and developing concepts and specifications that optimise the function, value and appearance of products and systems for the mutual benefit of both user and manufacturer” in a small scale design Processes • • • • • • • • •
Problem definition User research Sketching Comparative product research Technical concepts, products and processes Study of: aesthetics, usability, ergonomics requirements Model making Prototyping Testing Function Technology
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
Physical Appearance
PRODUCTION OF A FURNITURE PIECE IN BAMBOO
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
SAMPLES IN THE WORLD 1. Bamboo furniture systems Bamboo furniture system is part of the selection of indian contemporary design production in the exhibition ‘Asia_now’ 2010. ‘Truss me’ is a sustainable furniture system developed by the indian designer Sandeep Sangaru. The concept behind the collection explores new construction possibilities with solid bamboo poles -strictus dendocalmus - and splits, using modular forms and lamination joints for new applications. The strong fibers of bamboo can withstand compression and tensile loads.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
BAMBOO FURNITURE SYSTEM
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
SAMPLES IN THE WORLD 2. Sofa and bookshelf The protoypes were developed with the help of a group of artisans in the village of Sankhela, Tripura, India, a region which has an abundant bamboo resource, cultivated in organized plantations by local farmers. All of the products are completely handcrafted. the components used for construction are modular and repetitive, and can be produced in batches by a group of craftsmen. The equipment involved for production are basic hand tools. through a modular system of jigs, fixtures and templates, the construction elements were quickly realized and also maintained a formal consistency and quality to the individual components. The furniture has been designed to use locally resourced bamboo and skills in a sustainable fashion.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
SOFA AND BOOKSHELF DEVELOPED IN INDIA
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
SAMPLES IN THE WORLD 3. ‘Ming’ bamboo glasses ‘Ming’ are bamboo glasses by chinese designer Chen Chun-hao & bamboo artist huang to-en for Yii collection. These lightweight eyeglasses borrow the features and silhouette of furniture from the ming dynasty which is recognized for its elegant and minimalistic design. The glasses are made entirely from bamboo with a patented hinge design developed by Huang To-En.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
BAMBOO GLASSES COLLECTION AND DETAIL
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
SAMPLES IN THE WORLD 4. Blow up - bamboo collection: magazine holder and citrus basket To celebrate more than five years of collaboration, Alessi and the Campana brothers present Blow up - bamboo collection. Until now, the pieces were only available in stainless steel, but this new version is made from hand finished natural bamboo. This shift from cold to warm materials not only emphasizes manual skills, but also reminds the Campanas’ and Alessi’s methods of production.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
BLOW UP COLLECTION
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
SAMPLES IN THE WORLD 5. Bamboo chair Jun Zi by Jeff Dah-Yue Shi The bamboo chair Jun zi by Jeff Dah-Yue Shi for Dragon Fly gallery is made of Moso bamboo inclusive of component parts, with a simple geometric form. The structure is composed of rounded box-shaped frames made of bamboo slats. While the front view of the chair appears like a bamboo tunnel at the base, the side view is similar to the chinese character which denotes ‘a noble man’. The gaps between the bamboo frames provide the ventilation. Each of the arches contribute to its neat contour. When one sits on the chair, there is a slight bounce which reflects the natural flexibility of the bamboo slats. The maximum load-bearing capacity for the chair is 200 kg.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
BAMBOO CHAIR
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
SAMPLES IN THE WORLD 6. New bamboo Contemporary japanese masters at Japan Society, New York 2009 Contemporary japanese masters is the world’s first exhibition exclusively devoted to celebrating japanese bamboo as a sculptural medium. On show are 23 innovators, old and young, that practice the centuries-old basketry technique and who look for new opportunities in which to apply it in contemporary, sculptural forms.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
PRODUCTION OF MODERN BAMBOO PIECES BASED ON ANCIENT METHODS
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
SAMPLES IN THE WORLD 7. Ross Lovegrove: ‘The bamboo bicycle’ for Biomega Last-growing bamboo is stronger than steel, with a wonderfully natural radiance. Ross Lovegrove has created a bicycle using bamboo for the danish manufacturer Biomega. The bike was co-developed with the brazillian bamboo specialist Flavio Deslandes and handmade in Denmark.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
THE BAMBOO BICYCLE PROJECT
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
SAMPLES IN THE WORLD 8. Japanese bamboo Beppu craftsmanship The traditional vases, contemporary sculptures and other objects have become highly sought after by collectors worldwide. Each piece began as an ordinary piece of bamboo, sourced locally and in abundance. Transforming the raw ingredient into a work of art that requires a lot of attention to detail and a special skill-set of tools and techniques. Recognition of the value of this craft has enabled local craftsmen to improve their skills, experiment with new designs and develop their own distinct styles. Meanwhile, the commitment to continuous development and training of the master-apprentice training combined with a modern teaching system, help ensure that Beppu craftsmanship will continue to thrive in the contemporary world.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
BEPPU CRAFTSMANSHIP
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
SAMPLES IN THE WORLD 9. Bamboo toy workshop 15 students from the toy design course at Shenkar college, Israel and their professors Yoav Ziv and Assaf Eshet were invited to China by the toy makers HaPe international ltd, to spend a month with them developing bamboo toys. With the current eco scene and massive product recalls in the toy market (over unacceptable high lead levels in toy paint) it seems that the time for bamboo toys may well have arrived. Currently, various contemporary creators are investigating the question of integrating bamboo into the mass production perception while meeting western standards. in our workshop we tackled this question, focusing on preschool toys while taking into consideration other aspects such as characteristics of the age group and safety regulations
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
TOYS IN BAMBOO
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
SAMPLES IN THE WORLD The modern wood-toy production line and toysafety issues were studied during a visit to an international factory in Ningbo. Most of design issues were questioned and explored, correctly integrating bamboo together with other materials, product appearance, and the visual language were some of the challenges. Moreover, comparison to other classic existing wood or plastic toys was inevitable and therefore the students were directed to create newer and even better bamboo dominated products.
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
TOYS IN BAMBOO
Muchas gracias! Thank you very much!
KATIA SEI FONG, LUCIA VENTURINI
katiaseifong@gmail.com
luciasventurini@gmail.com
HANGZHOU, JUNE 2010