America's Suburban Experiment in Microcosm: General Motors and its position of the car defined world by katiepennington

AMERICA’S SUBURBAN EXPERIMENT IN MICROCOSM

MC McGovern Katie Pennington Seth Vinson

Integrations Fall 2021

Design Notebook

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Fall 2021

“It’s called the American Dream because you have to be asleep to believe it.”

-George Carlin

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

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Intro + Framing

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Site

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Proposal

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Precedents

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COTE Framework

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LEED

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Zoning

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Programming

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Life Safety

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Structural Design

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HVAC

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Energy Study

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Daylighting

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Envelope

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Reflection

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Fall 2021

Intro + Framing

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Intro + Framing

Fall 2021

“Why did I take up stealing? To live better, to own things I couldn’t afford, to acquire this good taste that you now enjoy and which I should be very reluctant to give up.”

-To Catch a Thief [Alfred Hitchcock]

The cookie-cutter suburban lifestyle marketed to American families of the 1950’s sold the ‘American Dream’ of neatly packaged, idealized, and perfected act of material comforts. Sprawling to the outskirts of the city-center, the locked in environment and lifestyle presented the car as a necessity. The world view of suburban residents reduced to the aperture of the panoramic curved windshield of their car. The famous 1942 painting “Nighthawks” by Edward Hopper depicts a couple of together-alone coffee drinkers in a diner. The diner a symbol of the open road and its consumeristic anonymity scattered with glowing neon signs, ice cream sundaes with a bright red cherry topping, close encounters with the randomness of human, the subtle smell of cigarette on its last breath in the ash pan. Nothing feels more American than driving down an open, empty highway at night. Where passing the glowing diner reminds us of our detachment from the cluster of people and passings. The passing of post-war commercial clutter indicated the entrance into the radioactive explosion of suburbia: the shopping mall, the drive-thru, the scattered billboards manifesting the next exit to be a mirror image of the one passed two miles ago. The exit designating home leads a steel skeleton of a car through street-lit dim lamps placed every 20 feet, revealing the perfectly manicured yards and colorful houses, when glancing into a window of the American family reveals a home-cooked meal prepared by a housewife. Be careful glimpsing turns into staring and staring turns into the stark reality of pulling into the driveway of a house wielded with an unilluminated window and no smell of pot roast. As we feel the reverberations of the industrialized fantasy that blurred the lines between consumerism and architecture, culture and capitalism, the ‘American Dream’ is no longer sustainable. Technology and industry are not necessarily villains, but how does design control these titans? Technology and industrialism must be reduced to the human scale to prevent each from becoming self-perpetuating, expanding monstrosities. Reclaiming the mammoths of past industry with the future of tomorrow waxes the scarring of the landscape with an omnipresence of human ruination remediation.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Car Culture:

Pastel shades of blue, pink and green crowned by large tailfins and chrome. Radio antennas imitating Sputnik 1, the glowing red hue of elaborate taillights, wrap-around windshields, hood ornaments dressed the American car. A newfound mobility permeating the American life, the automobile and Interstate encompassed the symbol of individuality and freedom. The car indicated a social standing and evolved into a facade of personality and an extension of self-concepts. Horsepower had no limits and driving was not the everyday mundane chore; driving was the freedom to go and experience, the freedom to occupy cutting edge technology.

General Motors:

Intro + Framing

“Sorry is the man who trades his soul for a Corvette, thinks he’ll get the girl he’ll only get the mechanic.” [Pearl Jam] No company, or at least no company’s products, have been as celebrated in American pop culture as General Motors. The brand identifies with artistic metaphors of freedom, speed, youth, romance, and power. No one writes songs about Volvos. GM’s cars are instant signifiers of statues and attitude, not only on the road but also in TV and film. GM’s marketing defined each of its brands that a mere flash of one of its models [a souped up GTO or a torpid Chevy Chevette] establishes a personality and likely fate.

Fall 2021

Microcosm:

noun a community, place, or situation regarded as encapsulating in miniature the characteristic qualities or features of something much larger. Following World War II, rising household prosperity, the growth of suburbs and superhighways, and a growing youth population all converged with the no-limits spirit of the car industry. Landscapes of abandonment, the city sits vacant in hopes of revitalization. While suburbia contagious in nature, productive of manifold anxieties negotiates the essentiality of the automobile in a city removed from public transportation.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Intro + Framing

Car Culture:

General Motors Corporation. “Oscar” car design template. 1950s

General Motors:

Corvette Ad “The Role of the Dream Car in an Age of Reality” 1970

Fall 2021

Microcosm:

Levittown houses 1958

Standard proportions of GM design result from Oscar, a male test dummy that wears a hat. The hat establishes roof height with the intention of a male being able to enter a vehicle without knocking off his hat. While 1950’s car culture brought forth the iconic Americana and pop culture references made today, we must not forget accessible and inclusive design that represents ALL.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Intro + Framing

Car Culture:

LIFE Magazine Girls at the Drive-in 1950’s

General Motors:

Chevrolet Impala Ad “Could the car save the World? We think so...” 1967

Fall 2021

Microcosm: Klaus Staeck Und neues Leben Blüht aus den Ruinen (And new life flowers from the ruins) 1980

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Fall 2021

Site

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Site

Fall 2021

Kansas City Speedway

GM Fairfax plant

Car City, USA Kansas City

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Site

Fall 2021

2001 Kansas City Speedway is built 1945 GM assumes Fairfax Field for production plant

1921 Fairfax Field produces WW11 B-25

1903 Automobile Club Active

1927 Downtown Airport opens, dedicated by Charles Lindbergh

In the 1920’s GM took its first venture outside of Detroit into Kansas City on the east side of town. While this occurred an airport coined Fairfax resided on the site and later produced B-25’s for the war effort. Then in 1945 GM moved across town into the existing airfield and began building directly upon it. The action solidified the district into becoming a huge industrial zone headed by a 5 million square foot GM factory and immobilized the pre-existing red-lined neighborhoods of Fairfax from downtown.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Site

Fall 2021

Missouri River

City Context:

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm shifted the once “Paris of the Plains” into a commuter city that is fractionated by the chaotic designed highway system. In the era immediately following World War II, Kansas City undertook—along with nearly the entire North American continent—a radical experiment in city building. Under this Suburban Experiment, the city built freeways and subsidized new home purchases, jump-starting suburban growth and unleashing a sort of geographic hyper-expansion even as the population of cities like Kansas City stagnated, and many of their older, inner neighborhoods fell into decline. Today, the Kansas City metro area, spanning parts of two states, has more freeway lane-miles per capita than any other major U.S. metro. Léon Krier describes the Suburban Experiment as a shift from organic expansion through duplication of an existing development pattern based on multi-purpose complete neighborhoods to horizontal hyper-growth, with the rise of a skyscraper district in the core dependent on suburban commuting. In present day, the urban core acts as a parking lot to the engulfing suburban borders.

GM Fairfax Factory

Fairfax Park

Lewis and Clark Trail

Charles B. Wheeler Downtown Airport

Kansas City Design Center Bartle Hall Municipal Auditorium

A car brand experience center amongst the land-locked nature of suburbia acts programmatically and spatially as a playground, negotiating that “ the space in between” point A to point B is the car. The presence of the unwalkable city surrounds its inhabitants and induces the machine as a design agent. Driving is the main source of transportation amongst the city-dwellers and annexed suburban households. Driving, the open highway, the feeling of solitude, provokes the action as a sacred ritual of the mundane everyday. One fails to notice the sanctified quality until a crisp gust of wind and the purring of the engine reveals the autumn scene devouring the landscape. The intersection of Americana and economically driven urban planning [or lack thereof] fuels Kansas City’s car culture. General Motors and its position within the community yields convergence of preservation of history and exploration into future technology. The project aims to reengage the riverfront and ecologically revitalize the brownfields within the “industrial” fallout district of Fairfax by constantly questioning the position that proceeded the existing architecture to provoke a more sustainable future.

Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts

city map

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Site

Fall 2021

Neighborhood Context:

The desires of 20th century architecture were to generate utopias that championed technology. The greatest legacy to arise out of the movement was the industrial city, a concept that exists in present day and is hardly indistinguishable from its manifestation. In a world coined by factories, power plants, and railroads the driving agent for architecture becomes economic growth [not a sustainable future]. The project resides in the brownfields, the realm of economic fallout of WWII, in Kansas City, KS. The intersection of economic growth and redressing environmental harm is the main objective of a Car Brand Experience Center. The project leverages community connection and wellness by reconnecting historically black and impoverish neighborhoods of Kansas City to the riverfront, as well as distributing the vibrant inner city culture across the river [the river acts as a geographical barrier that continues to be ignored]. Passive strategies grounded in site conditions foster sustainable ecology, water, and energy practices [designing for the future of the Earth, for the future of the people]. Change and discovery guide programmatic considerations with how the architecture is occupied and temporally used [operator vs. user] situated at the forefront of the design process. With the compounding global challenges of resource availability, increasing pollution, and water quality the project considers the ecosystem at large and researches new methodologies to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public.

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Establishing the main arteries forming the highway/interstate loop through the site, suburbia, the intermediate cityscape, and the actual cityscape recognized an intersection for an architecture to reside and be reduced to a highway and connection back to the riverfront and the downtown fabric. The circle is a direct response to the site context of connective arteries, and the proposed bridge is an agent to engage accessibility and mobility through the city. Lastly, we are approaching the project with the idea of phasing and that GM placing an architecture on the site and recognizing their responsibility of cleaning up the riverfront would allow the public to reclaim and re-program the riverfront zone, an extension beyond the experience center and redressing the ‘microcosm’.

Fall 2021

Proposal

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal 9

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Fall 2021

2. Equitable Community Once a brownfield, the project reconnects the diverse neighborhoods of Fairfax and downtown through the use of accessible design. In a historically red-lined and industrial out-casted community, the project serves to provide an equitable community through complete social, mental, and physical well-being. Accessibility to the river, safety [especially during night], stability, and diversity are key issues addressed within the project proposal. Proposing a bridge connection that allows easier access into this Fairfax territory and re-evaluating preexisting road conditions insinuates a level of comfort and safety within the community to engage with the architecture and landscape. 3. Ecosystems The project resides in the space in between city and suburbia within the toxified, dumping ground of past industry. As General Motors adapts to changing environmental conditions within car design and energy harvesting practices, an experience center resting next to a 5 million sqft factory, mundane suburbia housing, and a distant, river-divided city fabric challenges the driving experience to the site as a moment of reflection. Sustainable design and consideration of the ecosystem at large [Kansas City a microcosm in the nationwide dilemma] begins with education of the public. Place over time, space over time. Within the project vast research into native plantings, passive siting strategies, and restoration shape the design process. 4. Water Minimizing the use of potable water through monitoring and sourcing rainfall is the overarching objective of the project. A water budget analysis allows us to determine a benchmark for water usage and, therefore, set a baseline for reduction. The current condition of the watershed is poor. To improve the conditions the project addresses managing storm water runoff with site infiltration and addition of plantings downstream. 5. Economy A micro-community encompasses the potential of the project to encourage dense occupation of program with economic flow as a direct result. Sourcing recyclable products and editing material palette to a minimum economizes construction costs. Rightsizing [a few times] through a deep analysis of programming reaps high profit for client. Maximize space, material, and experience. 6. Energy Rigorous site analysis accommodates energy conscious design decisions. Detailed modeling for energy performance throughout multiple stages of the project, provided a target EUI goal. All program scatters the exterior of site area to allow access to daylighting through two glass/metal mesh facades allotting deep sun to enter the gallery and car viewing spaces. Facing the issue of high window-to-wall ratio, designing a transparent mesh facade served as a solution for accessibility of views and controlling lighting conditions. 7. Well-Being Exterior double-glazed windows provide comfortable interior environments on colder days without additional heat gain. The atrium skylights were adjusted to maximize over 80% daylight autonomy throughout the central space. Subsequently, the performance-driven design methodology and automated daylighting controls ensure occupant wellness and total occupant control in just spaces. 8. Resources Occupants gaze upon a prefabricated curtain wall system on the facade of the building which is crafted from recycled aluminum. The counterpart condition of the metal mesh is similarly sourced from 100% recyclable metal. The floor is cast-in-place board-formed concrete which provides integral insulation and fiberglass form ties to create a high-efficiency envelope with few utilitarian materials. 9. Change With complete re-envisioning of the riverfront, the project acts to shape the ecology of toxic materials and chemicals currently occupying the site in a long term scheme. By designing for flexibility, the proposed project allows for changing with little resistance. Structural elements, lateral systems, and floor to floor heights can accommodate future use and arrangement. Selecting an underfloor air distribution system HVAC is easily reconfigurable to fit the needs of future occupation. 10. Discovery Intensive data analysis and monitoring of energy systems allow for the building to educate its occupants and encourage efficient usage. Promoting educational research [an extension of automobile engineering] guides designing for future. Documentation of what is learned and explored within the project aids progression of discovery with lessons of success, mistakes, strategies, or materials for future use.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

Fall 2021

first floor plan 17

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

Fall 2021

second floor plan 18

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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reflected ceiling plan first floor

reflected ceiling plan second floor 22

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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life safety first floor

life safety second floor 24

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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foundation plan

basement plans 25

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

interconnectivity bridge

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GM inner loop 29

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

exhibition spine

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tower 30

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

public park

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auditorium 31

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

archive

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test track 32

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

conference room

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GM gardens 33

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Proposal

Fashioned for the Future...

Fall 2021

Fashioned for the Future...

GM to open an experience center near Fairfax plant

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Fall 2021

Precedents

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Precedents

Fall 2021

“We didn’t want to just make a pretty building. If it was going to look exciting, it would have to be more than skin deep.”

-Wesley Schwartz, AIA, the project architect

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Precedents

Fall 2021

Project Details:

From the beginning, the university wanted a landmark building—not just a home for scientists researching everything from robotics to biophotonics, but a structure that linked together different parts of campus and made a bold statement about the school’s future. Payette, the Boston-based firm that won an open competition to design the center, answered that call by designing a broad, low-rising bridge of a building. Open to the public, it serves as both a gateway to the main campus and a link between two Boston neighborhoods, Fenway and Roxbury. It also facilitates access via walking, biking, or mass transit, upon which 89% of building occupants rely. While connections to the campus and to the community are critical, Payette wanted to design something even more significant: a truly, holistically sustainable research building. Early on, the firm recognized that air handling is one of the chief energy demands of a lab building like the Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering Complex. For safety reasons, the air circulated in the labs had to then be vented; it couldn’t be recycled elsewhere in the building. So Payette devised a system to use recirculated air as much as possible before it reaches the labs: Fresh air is pumped into perimeter offices, then out into a spacious atrium. The sunlight that enters the atrium through a massive skylight heats the air; as it rises, it is then delivered to the labs before being exhausted. “The atrium is literally the lungs of the building,” says Payette president Kevin B. Sullivan, FAIA. “It’s a fusion of design and performance.” The system also works to capture and reuse as much heat as possible: A solar wall along the southern side of the top floor captures heat in winter, while a highefficiency heat recovery system extracts energy before the air is vented out of the laboratories. As a result of these and other strategies—like a vertically oriented brise-soleil that the firm calls a “solar veil”—the complex achieves a 70% reduction in metered energy use against the average for similar research facilities. “These types of buildings use lots of energy,” says lead principal Robert J. Schaeffner, FAIA. “So if you can be strategic about energy use, you can have a profound impact on the environment.” The building also captures 99% of the rainwater coming off its roof, which it uses for restroom facilities—meeting 57% of its flushing demand. Guided by the city’s strict requirements for stormwater retention, the site uses rain gardens and bioswales to irrigate native plants—in effect mimicking the wetlands that once covered much of southwestern Boston. Payette collected massive amounts of data to inform its design. Using parametric modeling and custom compositing software, the design team generated scores of options for details as granular as the width of the slats that make up the solar veil and the circulation capacity of access routes. The firm then fed that data to its engineering partner, Arup, to integrate it into the overall modeling for the building, which in turn shaped the design team’s decision making. “That way, we can say we were making informed decisions based on something more than just what we liked,” Schwartz says.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Precedents

Fall 2021

Location: Boston, Massachusetts Client: Northeastern University Architect: Payette Design Principals: Kevin Sullivan, FAIA & Bob Schaeffner, FAIA Project Architect: Wes Schwartz, AIA Project Manager: Barry Shiel, AIA Structural Engineer: LeMessurier Consultants, Inc. MEP/FP Engineer: ARUP USA, Inc. Landscape Architect: Stephen Stimson Associates Façade Engineer: ARUP USA, Inc. Interior Designer: Payette Contractor: Suffolk Construction Civil Engineer: Vanasse Hangen Brustlin Inc. Lab Planner: Jacobs Consultancy Building Area: 234,000 sf Photographs: Keitaro Yoshioka, Warren Jagger Photography Drawings: Payette

Welcome to the COTE Top Ten Super Spreadsheet! Explanation

Step 1: Fill out the below basic information of your project

Step 2: Review your benchmarks. This is what your project will be compared against

This tool has been created by COTE members to help architects calculate project performance metrics. After entering information on each measure tab, the "Results" tab will graphically display the holistic project's performance across all 10 COTE measures of sustainable design.

Basic Project Information

Benchmarks

Whether it's used to better understand a design's performance or to streamline the process of submitting for the COTE Top Ten award, this tool will allow easy, consistent calculation and evaluation of project performance metrics and bechmarking. Note: This version is not compatible with Excel2016 or older. For questions email cote@aia.org, we are looking to improve the tool, and appreciate your feedback!

Project Name

Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering Complex

Project Address

805 Columbus Ave

OPTIONAL user-defined Benchmarks

Transportation Carbon Emissions

apt., suite, etc. City State

Ma 2120

Total Building Area Site Area(?) ( Regularly occupied space(?) (

1,300 People People

Input data

Total Construction Cost

Gal/sf/year

Total Annual Water Use

Energy Consumption

Total Annual Energy Use

1,909 120 20,400,000 15,692

Energy Use per Occupant Operational Carbon Emissions

FTEs(?) Project completion year

15 2,482,000

Water Consumption

170,000 Gross sf 236,240) sf 110,610) sf

Peak occupancy(?)

Annual days of operation(?)

CO2 lbs./yr

EUI - Energy Use Intensity

1,300 People

Avg. daily hours of operation(?)

CO2 lbs./occupant/yr

#DIV/0!

Water Use per Occupant

5A (Link)

Avg. daily occupancy(?)

Cell Types

#DIV/0!

Transportation - Total Carbon WUI - Water Use Intensity

Boston

Zip Code Climate Zone

Transportation - Total Carbon

Electric Ligthing

29 4,908,592

Carbon Use Intensity Carbon Use Intensity

3,776 1.20

Total annual Carbon Emissions Ligthing Power Density (LPD)

Water Consumption Gal/sf/year

Benchmark Source

Gal/yr Gal/occupant/yr kBtu/sf/year

Energy Consumption kBtu/sf/year

Benchmark Source

Operational Carbon Emissions CO2 lbs./sf/year

Benchmark Source

LPD

Benchmark Source

kBtu/yr kBtu/occupant/yr CO2 lbs./sf/year CO2 lbs./yr CO2 lbs./occupant/yr W/sf

W/sf

Review these numbers for single family residential projects

2016

Single Family Residential Projects:

365 Days 24 hours

Water Benchmark

$165,000,000 USD

Energy Benchmark Carbon Benchmark

Gallons/Household/year #NAME? #NAME?

kBtu/Household/year Lbs. of CO2/Household/year

Optional user-defined benchmarks can be entered above as a way of tracking any specific benchmarking research that the team conducted. All calculations in the spreadsheet will be based on the auto generated benchmarks, which are consistent with the COTE Top Ten awards program.

Input non-numeric data Building Program Calculated Value

Program Breakdown Building Primary Program Education - College / University

Explanation

Building Secondary

Building Primary Use Education - College / University Reasonable values and sources Development team Jacobs Consultancy Laboratory Planner Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. Engineer - Civil Arup USA, Inc. Engineer - Façade Arup USA, Inc. Engineer - MEP LeMessurier Consultants, Inc. Engineer - Structural Suffolk Construction General Contractor

This first page will assign a series of benchmarks based on building specific, national data for the project to be compared against. Energy benchmarks are referenced from CBECS 2003. For more details on benchmarking and sourcing, visit the "Reference" tab.

Total must equal 100%

0 100%

Additional Building Information Project Type Renovation and New Construction Site Environment

Urban

Previously Developed Site

Yes - Brownfield

Is the firm an AIA 2030 Signatory

Yes

Reported in the AIA DDx

Yes

Third party rating system

LEED

FAR

0.72

Cost/sf ($ sf/occupant - Avg.

970.59) 131

sf/occupant - Peak

131

Annual hours of operation

8,760

Stephen Stimson Associates Landscape Architect

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Precedents

Fall 2021

Project Details:

Built in the 1920s for Fiat, Lingotto was the largest and most modern car manufacturing plant in Europe, both architecturally and in terms of car production. The 500m-long, five-story building, had a volume of one million cubic metres, and was equipped with a rooftop test track. Lingotto was the first example of modular construction in reinforced concrete, based on the repetition of three elements: pillars, beams and floors. The factory was closed in 1982. In 1984, Fiat S.p.A. announced a competition and, in 1985, commissioned the Renzo Piano Building Workshop to convert the building. The project aimed to revive the building by transforming it into a multipurpose centre while maintaining its architectural identity. The building’s exterior remains largely unaltered, but its interior was completely modified in order to accommodate an exhibition centre, a conference centre and auditorium, two hotels, offices and retail space. In 1997, Fiat group’s management headquarters returned to the office block. In 2002, Turin Polytechnic’s automotive engineering department was also installed in the building. The ‘Bubble’, a completely transparent meeting room on the roof of the Lingotto building, was also added.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Precedents

Fall 2021

45°01’51.8”N 7°39’53.4”E Location: Turin, Italy Type: Auditorium, Commercial, Cultural Centre, Extension, Gallery, Industry, Offices, Renovation, Theatre Clients: Fiat S.p.A. - ENEL Green Power SpA - Lingotto S.p.A. - Pathé Palazzo Grassi Project Team (Competition): S. Ishida - C. Di Bartolo - O. Di Blasi - M. Carroll - F. Doria - G. Fascioli - E. Frigerio - R. Gaggero - D. Hart - P. Terbuchte - R. V. Truffelli Drawings: Renzo Piano Models: Renzo Piano Building Workshop

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Precedents

Fall 2021

“At a time when the future of the Old World has never been so dark, it is well for Americans to study seriously the future of the New World. They were born on the side of the planet which has a future beyond bombs and torpedoes, beyond inconceivable destruction.”

-Idle Money Idle Man, Stuart Chase [1938]

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Precedents

Fall 2021

Project Details:

The General Motors Pavilion, one of the larger pavilions at the Fair, had an enormous slanted canopy 110 feet high perched over its entrance. Its long rectangular building housed its “Futurma” exhibit, a detailed yet knowledgeable look at the technological developments awaiting mankind in the near future. In many ways it was similar to its 1939 exhibit at that World’s Fair, but 25 years later, futurists and scientists hopefully could make a better educated prediction. In their updated version of GM’s classic ride into the future, visitors sat in individual contoured seats with speakers in the head rest, as their seats moved along a track that alternately dipped and climbed through the exhibition hall’s two floors. The ride began with a trip to the moon where visitor’s cars passed a scale model of a cratered moon landscape. Manned “lunar-crawlers” and commuter space ships populates the desolate landscape. Futurama predicted that man would settle and work the bottom of the seas. Models showed minerals being hauled to the surface by submarine train, and vacationers relaxing in a sub-oceanic resort equipped with oxygen, and riding about outside on “aqua-scooters.” Spectators watched technology harvest a jungle. Machines felled towering trees with searing laser light and a road builder, five stories high and longer than three football fields, followed the timber cutter. Amazingly, it leveled and graded the devastated forest, and it left behind a divided, multi-lane super highway in its path. The road served a city that processed the timber and chemicals derived from the “tamed” jungle. Deserts were tamed, too, Crops were shown thriving in soil irrigated with desalted sea water. Machines operated by remote control planted and harvested the crops. The “City of the Future” was shown with midtown airports, high-speed trains, super skyscrapers, moving sidewalks and underground conveyor belts for freight. When the ride was over visitors entered GM’s “Avenue of Progress” which showcased the company’s space age research and product engineering. On display was a cosmic space chamber, applications of solar energy and turbine engines. Scientists showed new uses of metals, plastics and fabrics. Finally there were examples of the latest techniques in automotive design.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Precedents

Fall 2021

-Idle Money Idle Man, Stuart Chase [1938]

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Precedents

Fall 2021

Project Details: 45°01’51.8”N 7°39’53.4”E Location: Warren, Michigan Type: Technical Center Clients: General Motors Architects: Eero Saarinen; Thomas Dolliver Church The combination of beauty, a human environment, and appropriate architectural expression re-envision the American corporate campus. Luminosity from above in the showroom dome and the large open offices demonstrate the brilliance of modernism embracing luminosity and lightness. Saarinen swayed the design concept to “based on steel—the metal of the automobile,” according to his wife, Aline, in her book Eero Saarinen on His Work (Yale University Press, 1962). “They don’t look like buildings [but] more like an exalted industrial product,” reads an early account of the complex in Architectural Forum.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

As General Motors impacts the community through the economy, jobs, and production, the company’s impact on the environment must be recognized. Developing an architecture to fit within the electric/sustainable narrative the brand advertises today must consider the impact of past faults [a 5 million sqft factory immobilizing a historically black neighborhood, toxication of riverfront, accessibility to downtown, etc.]. The AIA COTE Framework outlines 10 agendas tackling social, environmental, ecological, and ethical practices of design [extending beyond the building into landscape and community]. The site currently sits as a brownfield and the project proposal aims to clean-up long standing inferior actions of a corporation and the modernist agenda of industrialization [the two can only coincide peacefully when each recognizes the contribution of the other]. Each move taken as a group considers the COTE Framework at three scales: regional, city, and neighborhood and addressees architecture in the context of physical and emotional. Concept drivers to form and system analysis result from four agents: volumetric axis [climate working with architecture], speed [pedestrian, car, train, plane], views of downtown, and interconnectivity of approach between neighborhoods. Throughout this process systems, landscaping, and experience of occupant became critical components of responsiveness to each agenda and driver. Ultimately, GM has an opportunity and position within the community to instigate change and the project questions the brand’s past and fuels a new future.

Fall 2021

COTE Framework

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm COTE Framework

Fall 2021

Framework for Design Excellence Questions Preliminary Issues

Framework for Design Excellence Answers Preliminary Issues

1. Integration Does the submission clearly identify the big idea behind this project, its purpose, and how its separate pieces fit together into a coherent whole?

1. Integration The project aims to integrate design by using parametric design and energy modeling tools to investigate real conditions of site. Passive elements reduce energy demand while high-tech energy recovery systems reduce usage. To secure clean air, the site is equip with a cascade air system which recycles air. A daylight filled atrium supples a campus-scale public space while also suppling the needed intimate collaboration spaces.

2. Equitable Community Does this project benefit both its users and its community? Has the community been engaged to shape the design? Does its location and design promote equitable access to its benefits, strengthens its community, and reinforce means of transportation that support health and reduce emissions? 3. Ecosystems Does this project benefit the earth? Does it impact the living systems around it positively? 4. Water Does this project work with and delight in water, and does it use water wisely? 5. Economy Does the project provide abundance with an economy of means? 6. Energy Does the design work with, rather than fight, local climate to provide a comfort place for people with the least energy use and carbon emissions? 7. Well-Being Does the project promote health of its inhabitants? 8. Resources Does the design show that materials were selected thoughtfully, addressing where they would come from, their impact during manufacture and transport, and their safe re-use after the building is gone? 9. Change Is the project designed for a long life yet allow adaptation to changing needs? Does the design anticipate a changing climate and recovery after disaster? Does it build social, economic, and community resilience in a face of climate change and natural disasters? 10. Discovery Does the design allow the building to learn from its users, and allows its users to learn from the building? Does the submission identify what lessons have been learned from the project, where the project has fallen short, and lessons that can be carried forward?

2. Equitable Community Once a brownfield, the project reconnects the diverse neighborhoods of Fairfax and downtown through the use of accessible landscape design and a pedestrian walkway. Other contributing factors to a walkable campus include: constructed slopes, interior bike parking, and pathways throughout campus. Adaptive reuse of the industrial fallout of consumer driven utopias, provides remediation of a destroyed landscape. 3. Ecosystems The use of thoughtful landscape design infuses the grounds with healthy soils and a vast collection of native vegetation to result in an ecologic oasis. Further, a number of bioswales are crafted to receive, treat, and charge rainwater while also providing snow storage in the winter. 4. Water Originally an industrial brownfield, the site was introduced with vegetation to balance storm water and keep water within the grounds to feed bioswales which recycles the water back into the site. Also the incorporation of low-flow plumbing and high-efficiency cooling towers resulted in a 57% water use reduction over the baseline standard. 5. Economy A micro-community encompasses the potential of the project to encourage dense occupation of program with economic flow a direct result. 6. Energy Rigorous site analysis accommodates energy conscious design decisions. A scheme following an elongated east west axis maximizes daylight and exploration into a climate responsive facade are on-going. 7. Well-Being Exterior triple-glazed windows provide comfortable interior environments on colder days without additional heat gain. Also, the atrium skylights were adjusted to maximize over 80% daylight autonomy throughout the central space. Subsequently, the performance-driven design methodology and automated daylighting controls ensure occupant wellness. 8. Resources Occupants gaze upon a custom-built curtain wall system on the facade of the building which is crafted from potentially recycled aluminum. Also in proposal is cast-in-place board-formed concrete on the base of the building which provides integral insulation and fiberglass form ties to create a high-efficiency envelope with few utilitarian materials. 9. Change With complete re-envisioning of the riverfront, the project acts to shape the ecology of toxic materials and chemicals currently occupying the site in a long term scheme. 10. Discovery Intensive data analysis and monitoring of energy systems allow for the building to educate its occupants and encourage efficient usage. Promoting educational research [an extension of automobile engineering] guides designing for future. 47

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm COTE Framework

Framework for Design Excellence Answers

Framework for Design Excellence Questions 1. Integration Does the submission clearly identify the big idea behind this project, its purpose, and how its separate pieces fit together into a coherent whole? 2. Equitable Community Does this project benefit both its users and its community? Has the community been engaged to shape the design? Does its location and design promote equitable access to its benefits, strengthens its community, and reinforce means of transportation that support health and reduce emissions? 3. Ecosystems Does this project benefit the earth? Does it impact the living systems around it positively? 4. Water Does this project work with and delight in water, and does it use water wisely? 5. Economy Does the project provide abundance with an economy of means? 6. Energy Does the design work with, rather than fight, local climate to provide a comfort place for people with the least energy use and carbon emissions? 7. Well-Being Does the project promote health of its inhabitants? 8. Resources Does the design show that materials were selected thoughtfully, addressing where they would come from, their impact during manufacture and transport, and their safe re-use after the building is gone? 9. Change Is the project designed for a long life yet allow adaptation to changing needs? Does the design anticipate a changing climate and recovery after disaster? Does it build social, economic, and community resilience in a face of climate change and natural disasters? 10. Discovery Does the design allow the building to learn from its users, and allows its users to learn from the building? Does the submission identify what lessons have been learned from the project, where the project has fallen short, and lessons that can be carried forward?

Fall 2021

1. Integration From the holistic to the specific, the integrative design process involves critical detail and research from schematic to design development investigating sustainable means of design. Questioning past practices and encouraging new methodologies guides the design process to always consider the future of humanity and our retrospective environments [considerations beyond physical spaces into social practices]. Communication and connections with the design team, community, and supporting colleagues rejects the linear process of commonplace standards and introduces on-going conversations surrounding the project. As a team, the preliminary process commenced with instigating a framework of key questions [COTE Narrative questions]. Throughout the design process each move initiated undergoes its relationship to our 10 questions and 3 subsidiary questions of site. 2. Equitable Community Once a brownfield, the project reconnects the diverse neighborhoods of Fairfax and downtown through the use of accessible design. In a historically red-lined and industrial out-casted community, the project serves to provide an equitable community through complete social, mental, and physical well-being. Accessibility to the river, safety [especially during night], stability, and diversity are key issues addressed within the project proposal. Proposing a bridge connection that allows easier access into this Fairfax territory and re-evaluating preexisting road conditions insinuates a level of comfort and safety within the community to engage with the architecture and landscape. 3. Ecosystems The project resides in the space in between city and suburbia within the toxified, dumping ground of past industry. As General Motors adapts to changing environmental conditions within car design and energy harvesting practices, an experience center resting next to a 5 million sqft factory, mundane suburbia housing, and a distant, river-divided city fabric challenges the driving experience to the site as a moment of reflection. Sustainable design and consideration of the ecosystem at large [Kansas City a microcosm in the nationwide dilemma] begins with education of the public. Place over time, space over time. Within the project vast research into native plantings, passive siting strategies, and restoration shape the design process. 4. Water Minimizing the use of potable water through monitoring and sourcing rainfall is the overarching objective of the project. A water budget analysis allows us to determine a benchmark for water usage and, therefore, set a baseline for reduction. The current condition of the watershed is poor. To improve the conditions the project addresses managing storm water runoff with site infiltration and addition of plantings downstream. 5. Economy A micro-community encompasses the potential of the project to encourage dense occupation of program with economic flow as a direct result. Sourcing recyclable products and editing material palette to a minimum economizes construction costs. Rightsizing [a few times] through a deep analysis of programming reaps high profit for client. Maximize space, material, and experience. 6. Energy Rigorous site analysis accommodates energy conscious design decisions. Detailed modeling for energy performance throughout multiple stages of the project, provided a target EUI goal. All program scatters the exterior of site area to allow access to daylighting through two glass/metal mesh facades allotting deep sun to enter the gallery and car viewing spaces. Facing the issue of high window-to-wall ratio, designing a transparent mesh facade served as a solution for accessibility of views and controlling lighting conditions. 7. Well-Being Exterior double-glazed windows provide comfortable interior environments on colder days without additional heat gain. The atrium skylights were adjusted to maximize over 80% daylight autonomy throughout the central space. Subsequently, the performance-driven design methodology and automated daylighting controls ensure occupant wellness and total occupant control in just spaces. 8. Resources Occupants gaze upon a prefabricated curtain wall system on the facade of the building which is crafted from recycled aluminum. The counterpart condition of the metal mesh is similarly sourced from 100% recyclable metal. The floor is cast-in-place board-formed concrete which provides integral insulation and fiberglass form ties to create a high-efficiency envelope with few utilitarian materials. 48

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm COTE Framework

Framework for Design Excellence Questions

Framework for Design Excellence Answers

9. Change Is the project designed for a long life yet allow adaptation to changing needs? Does the design anticipate a changing climate and recovery after disaster? Does it build social, economic, and community resilience in a face of climate change and natural disasters?

9. Change With complete re-envisioning of the riverfront, the project acts to shape the ecology of toxic materials and chemicals currently occupying the site in a long term scheme. By designing for flexibility, the proposed project allows for changing with little resistance. Structural elements, lateral systems, and floor to floor heights can accommodate future use and arrangement. Selecting an underfloor air distribution system HVAC is easily reconfigurable to fit the needs of future occupation.

10. Discovery Does the design allow the building to learn from its users, and allows its users to learn from the building? Does the submission identify what lessons have been learned from the project, where the project has fallen short, and lessons that can be carried forward?

6 7

Fall 2021

10. Discovery Intensive data analysis and monitoring of energy systems allow for the building to educate its occupants and encourage efficient usage. Promoting educational research [an extension of automobile engineering] guides designing for future. Documentation of what is learned and explored within the project aids progression of discovery with lessons of success, mistakes, strategies, or materials for future use.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm COTE Framework

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm COTE Framework

Fall 2021

Welcome to the COTE Top Ten Super Spreadsheet! Explanation

Step 1: Fill out the below basic information of your project

Step 2: Review your benchmarks. This is what your project will be compared against

Basic Project Information Project Name

Benchmarks GM Experience Center

Project Address

3221 Fairfax Trfy

Transportation Carbon Emissions

apt., suite, etc. City State Zip Code Climate Zone Total Building Area Site Area(?) Regularly occupied space(?) Avg. daily occupancy(?) Peak occupancy(?) FTEs(?) Project completion year Annual days of operation(?) Avg. daily hours of operation(?) Total Construction Cost

Water Consumption

Kansas City KS 66115

Energy Consumption

4A (Link) 75,000 Gross sf 150,000 sf 60,000 sf

Operational Carbon Emissions

1400 People

Transportation - Total Carbon

3,500

Transportation - Total Carbon

4,900,000

Electric Ligthing

500 People

OPTIONAL user-defined Benchmarks Water Consumption

Total Annual Water Use Water Use per Occupant EUI - Energy Use Intensity

1,844,250 1,317 98

Gal/yr Gal/occupant/yr kBtu/sf/year

Energy Consumption kBtu/sf/year

Benchmark Source

Total Annual Energy Use Energy Use per Occupant

7,312,500 5,223

kBtu/yr kBtu/occupant/yr CO2 lbs./sf/year

Operational Carbon Emissions CO2 lbs./sf/year

Benchmark Source

1,325

CO2 lbs./yr CO2 lbs./occupant/yr

LPD

Benchmark Source

1.56

W/sf

Carbon Use Intensity

1,854,332

Ligthing Power Density (LPD)

Gal/sf/year

Benchmark Source

WUI - Water Use Intensity

Total annual Carbon Emissions

1000 People

CO2 lbs./occupant/yr CO2 lbs./yr

Gal/sf/year

W/sf

Review these numbers for single family residential projects Single Family Residential Projects:

350 Days 12 hours $5,000,000 USD

Water Benchmark Energy Benchmark Carbon Benchmark

Gallons/Household/year kBtu/Household/year Lbs. of CO2/Household/year

Input non-numeric data Building Program Calculated Value

Program Breakdown Building Primary Program Museum

Explanation

70%

Building Secondary Education - College / University

10%

Building Primary Use Museum Reasonable values and sources Development team Helena Zambrano, AIA (Project Lead) Overland Partners, San Antonio, TX Corey Squire, AIA Positive Energy, Austin, TX Tate Walker, AIA OPN, Madison, WI Z Smith, FAIA EDR, New Orleans, LA

20% Total must equal 100%

100%

Additional Building Information Project Type

New Construction

Site Environment

Urban

Previously Developed Site

Yes - Brownfield

Is the firm an AIA 2030 Signatory

Yes

Reported in the AIA DDx

Third party rating system

LEED

FAR Cost/sf $ sf/occupant - Avg.

0.50 66.67 54

sf/occupant - Peak

Annual hours of operation

4,200

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm COTE Framework

Fall 2021

Measure 1 - Design for Integration Explanations

Inputs: Describe your project's big idea on integrating design and sustainability in the green cell below. Look at chart below for inspiration.

HOLISTIC SUSTAINABILITY

1 - What is the big idea?

Sustainability strategies can affect and involve multiple COTE measures. As an example: think how many measures are influenced by carbon metrics? The chart below represents the interconnectivity of the COTE measures.

To deliver a more sustainable and equitable future through a GM architecture

COMMUNITY

Place based.

ECOLOGY

Aquifer/watershed, shared resource.

Climate appropriate landscape. Rainwater harvesting.

WATER

Financial resilience.

Economic benefits of biophilic design. Low maintenance design.

Water savings, water independence.

ECONOMY

District systems.

Bioclimatic and passive design.

Energy savings from transportation and treatment of water.

Life cycle cost, Life cycle analysis.

ENERGY

Carbon emissions from transportation. Air quality.

Connection to nature.

Water quality.

Operational costs and costs from productivity of building occupants.

Daylighting as energy conversation measure.

WELLNESS

Locally sourced materials.

Environmentally conscious material extraction, mfg., transp. and disposal.

Embodied carbon of materials.

Safer material selection, material transparency.

RESOURCES

Social equity is a major component of resilience.

Climate change: fires, earthquakes, floods, ocean rise.

Water resilience. Flooding, precipitation changes, drought.

Right sizing, flexibility for growth and change.

Carbon's role in climate change.

Passive survivability.

Embodied energy savings from adaptive reuse.

CHANGE

User groups, profiles, heat maps.

Biodiversity.

Mindful presence of water.

Replicable, cost effective strategies.

Measurement and verification.

Tracking health impacts.

Future adaptability.

Post-occupancy evaluations.

Aquifer conservation, surface water quality and Durability and maintenance of materials. enjoyment, watershed protection.

DISCOVERY

Measure 2 - Design for Community Explanations

Walkscore.com generates a score for walkability and community resources for any address in the US. The higher the score, the more pedestrian friendly the site.

Calculators: Enter your values into the yellow cells

Reasonable Ranges

1 - Walk Score

0% - 25% 25% - 50% 50% -70% 70% - 90% 90% - 100%

Car Dependent Mostly Car Dependent Somewhat Walkable Very Walkable Walker's Paradise

Walk Score Methodology

Based on "Arnstein's Ladder of Social Engagement", how much say did the community have during the design and construction process?

2 - Community Engagement

Poor Baseline Better Best!

Manipulation, Therapy Informing, Consultation Partnership, Delegation Citizen Control

Arnstein's Ladder of Citizen Participation

The number of occupants commuting by any means other than single occupancy vehicle on any given day. Includes walking, cycling, public transit, etc.

3 - Percentage of occupants Commuting by Alternative Transportation

Below average National average Above average ex. New York City ex. Manhattan

0% - 23% ~24% 25% - 100% 74% 94%

2016 Census: Community Survey Tri-State Transportation Campaign

This simple calculator compares your project's commuting patterns to published national averages. Use a survey (or an educated guess) to determine average commuting distance and average mpg of the building's occupants.

4 - Simple Transportation Carbon Calculator

If no information is available, use the baseline (US national average). Though its designed for office projects, the calculator can produce good results for all buidlings that people travel to and from.

Determine the number of parking spaces that are required on site by local zoning code. This number is compared to the actual number of spaces provided.

Record the number of bike racks and commuter showers provided for building occupants.

www.walkscore.com

Community Engagement Level 7: Delegation

Occupancy type Number of occupants commuting by alternative transportation (avg.) Percent Alternative Commuters

Avg. daily occupancy 400 29%

Proposed

Baseline

Lbs. of CO2/Occupant

Reference Values

> 4000

Average car fuel economy Average CO2 emitted per gallon

Baseline

71% 20

26 Miles

2000 - 3000

Better

Share of single occupancy commutes

76%

2016 Census

Days Commuting per week

5 Days

1000 - 2000

High Performing

Average commuting days

250 days/year

5 days * 50 weeks

Weeks commuting per year

50 weeks

0 - 1000

Very High Performing

% reduction over the baseline

20 19.6 3,500

Getting there

21.6 mpg 19.6 Lbs. CO 2 /Gal

21.9%

<0% Reduction

Poor

0% Reduction

Baseline

500

25% Reduction

Getting there

Provided on-site parking spaces

400

50% Reduction

Better

Parking Space Reduction

20%

75% Reduction

High Performing

100% Reduction

Very High Performing

Bike Racks

Commuter Showers

10% - Good

1% - Good

25% - Better

2.5% - Better

50% - Best!

5% - Best!

6 - Bicycle Infrastructure

Number of Showers

2016 Census

*Please use reference values, not regional values

Required On-site parking spaces

Occupancy type

13 Miles

4,483

5 - Parking space reduction

Number of Bike Racks

Average one way commute

Source

Average daily commute (round trip distance)

Average Car mpg Average CO2 / Gallon of Gasoline

3000 - 4000

Unit

21.6 mpg EIA - 2017 Report 19.6 Lbs. CO 2 /gallon EPA - Vehicle Emissions

Percent of occupants commuting by single occupancy vehicle

lbs. of carbon dioxide emitted/occupant/year

76% Weekly Avg.

Sources

Avg. daily occupancy 4 0

Bike Racks installed for

0% Avg. daily occupancy

Showers installed for

0.0% Avg. daily occupancy

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm COTE Framework

Measure 3 - Design for Ecology

Measure 4 - Design for Water Explanations

Step 1: Indoor Water Use:

Explanations

Calculators: Enter your values into the yellow cells

Reasonable Ranges

Record the area of the site that was reserved for vegetation, both before and after development. Green roofs are included in vegetated area

1 - Vegetated Area

In most cases, it's desirable to increase a site's vegetated area.

Green roof area Building footprint area Surface parking area Area of additional on site hardscapes Area of the total site that is vegetated - Post Development Site Area Percent Vegetated - Post Development Area of the total site that is vegetated - Pre Development Percent Vegetated - Pre Development Vegetated Area Increase

500 sf 65000 sf 3,000 82,500 150,000

sf sf sf sf

This simple calculator will give an estimate of a building's water consumption. Three uses are taken into account for this calculation, indoor water use, irrigation, and cooling. For the sake of simplicity, other water uses, such as pools or commercial kitchens are not included. If your project has had a more sophisticated water use analysis, you can skip the calculator and enter the modeled values below in section 3. Commercial v Residential: Choose either "Commercial" or "Residential" from the dropdown for "Water Use Profile" under section 1 of this tab and input the flow rates for the corresponding table. Residential includes single family, multifamily, and lodging.

55.0%

1.3% 54.4%

Sources

2000 sf

2 - Native Plantings Area of the total site covered by native plants- Post Development Area of the total site covered by turf grass - Post Development Native plantings - Percent of vegetated area Turf grass - Percent of Site Native plantings - Percent of site

7,000 sf sf 8.5% 0.0% 4.7%

Calculators: Enter your values into the yellow cells

A greater percentage of native plants and a smaller percentage of turf grass is usually preferable.

Step 2: Irrigation Use

Reasonable Ranges

1 - Predicted Water Use

Step 1) Indoor Water Use 1400 350

Daily Ave. Occupancy Annual days of operations

Uses / day / Occupant

Male Occupant Female Occupant Male Occupant

Total uses / day

Occupants 700 700

Water Use Profile Commercial

Toilet

Urinal 1 3 700 2800

2100

700

Public Assembly

4200

1400

Public order and safety Religious Worship

32 5

53 9

Toilet Sink

1.6 1.5

1.1 1

1.6 0.5

1.1 0.5

2.5

1.5

0.2

2.2

1.8

2.2

1.3

1,050

770

Senior Care

1,078,000

245,000

490,000

367,500

269,500

Warehouse and storage

2,180,500

Single Family Residential

300 gal/household/day

Yes - baseline No- high performing

Baseline #1: All Turf

Baseline #2: All Native

3,000 3.3 0.8 1 0.75 6,579

3,000 3.3 0.8 0.2 0.9 1096

3.3 0.8 0.8 0.75 5,263 Gallons 1,632

38% 60% 77% 88% 99%

2,000 3,158 4,053 4,632 5,210

100% 100% 77% 60% 38% 30%

5,263 5,263 4,053 3,158 2,000 1,579

July August October November December

Annual Irrigation Water Use (Gal)

1 ) ET0 - Evapotranspiration

3) PF - Plant Factor

Climate Summer (In) Cool Humid 3.8 Cool Dry 5.3 Warm Humid 5.3 Warm Dry 6.8 Hot Humid 8.3 Hot Dry

Proposed Design Comparison 20% -380%

Plantings Turf Garden / Agriculture Annual flowers Orchard - evergreen Orchard - deciduous

Perennial flowers Ground covers

2) Qf - Plant Quality Factor No water stress Baseline Water Stress

1 0.8 0.4

3) Irrigation Efficiency

Irrigation Demand Calculations PF 1 1 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6

Trees

0.6

Shrubs Native plants

0.6 0.2

Methodology for Estimating Landscape Irrigation Demand 1 - The percentage of a plant's optimal irrigation quantity that it receives. "No water stress" - Simulates a rainy season "Baseline" - Simulates a typical season "Water stress" - Simulates a dry season 2 - The percentage of irrigated water that is used by the plant.

3 - The relative amount of water that a plant requires compared to turf grass.

Drip Sprinklers Sprinklers, slope

0.9 0.75 0.6

42,000

Step 3) Cooling tower Percent of the buidling cooled by a water-cooled chiller

30%

Cooling tower water use

2.1 157,500

Does the cooling tower use potable water? Yes Where strategies taken to conserve cooling tower water? Yes Total cooling tower water use

Nation Average - Buildings with cooling towers use 7 gallons of water more (per sf annually) than those without.

Gallons/sf/yr Gallons/yr

1 0.75 118,125 Gallons / yr

Assume: 0 water for non-potable use, 25% less water for conservation strategies.*

Source: CBECS Table W1. Water consumption 2012

*examples of stratgies for conserving cooling tower water include: using alternative sources of water, optimizing the cycles of concentration and minimizing bleed volume, minimizing drift, and preventing overflows and leaks.

2 - Measured Water use per occupant / Percent of rainwater used / Percent of Grey+Blackwater used Predicted Month January February March April May June July August September October November December Total (Gal)

Demand1

gallons/month

193,184 193,552 194,710 195,605 196,184 196,763 196,815 196,815 195,605 194,710 193,552 193,131 2,340,625

Potable

gallons/month

193,184 193,552 194,710 195,605 196,184 196,763 196,815 196,815 195,605 194,710 193,552 193,131 2,340,625

Rainwater

gallons/month

Reclaimed 1 grey/black gallons/month

Measured 2

Potable

gallons/month

Total Annual Gallons Predicted Measured

Reclaimed 3 grey/black

Potable 100% #DIV/0!

2,340,625 0

Rainwater

gallons/month

Rainfall 0% #DIV/0!

In most cases, the lower percent of potable water uses, the better.

gallons/month

Grey/Black 0% #DIV/0!

Water Use Summary Total Potable Demand Total Annual Water Use Total Annual Water Use / Occupant Total Annual Water Use / sf

Total Annual Water Use - Benchmark Total Annual Water Use / Occupant - Benchmark Improvement

Predicted 2,340,625 1,672 31.2

Measured 0 0 0.0

Benchmarks 1,844,250 1,317

See the Benchmarking page for Reasonable Ranges Gallons/yr Gallons/Occupant/yr Gallons/sf/yr

Gallons/yr Gallons/Occupant/yr

-27%

N/A

2yr 24h Storm Events

3 - Stormwater managed on-site

Step 1: Choose your local 24H, 2Y storm event off the table to the right.

24H 2Yr Event (in) 24H 2Yr Event (ft) Rainwater Storage (cf)

Step 2: Enter the total volume of onsite storage, either a cistern or a retention pond.

Surface

Step 3: Enter the area of each type of surface.

Choose the most applicable option from the dropdown. This is a simple way to self assess the quality of stormwater leaving the site.

Kitchen Sink

1,400

Irrigation Co. 31%

September

Water Runoff Quality Score:

Urinal

Proposed Design

May

Stormwater Management Calculator:

Shower

700

3,000 sf Summer Evapotranspiration Warm Humid Plant Quality Factor (Qf) Baseline Type of plantings (Plant Factor) Annual Flowers Irrigation efficiency Sprinklers

June

This table shows how the predicted water use from the calculators above compares with the benchmark.

269

Irrigated Area (potable or non-potable)

April

3 - For grey/black water and rainwater, only include the purified water that is reused for another purpose and offsets a potential potable use, such as irrigation. Condensate and foundation water that offsets potential potable water use can be included here as well

161

Retail

Quick Irrtgation Estimator Calculator

March

2 - Measured potable use can be read off utility bills.

Restaurant

0.25

Is potable water used for irrigation? Yes

Month

1 - Modeled potable water use is preentered from the above calculator and only takes into account bathroom use, Irrigation, and an order of magnitude estimate for cooling tower use. (Note: Due to complexity and variability, water used in restaurants, laboratories, or industrial processes, is not take into account.)

2.2

0.5

Commercial High Low

Step 2) Irrigation Water Use

January

Enter the monthly modeled and measured water consumption for each water source.

0.5

Total indoor water use - Gallons / Year

February

This section is an extremely rough estimate of the water consumption of a cooling tower.

Residential High Low

3,080

6,230

Typical Flow Rates EPA WaterSense

1400 140 * if no urinal, use toilet value 0.5

1 1 700

The table to the left contains values that are +/- 25% from the benchmark.

3 3 2100

Duration per use (Minute) Gallons used / day Gallons used / year

Kitchen Faucet

0.1 0.1 70

1.1

Fixture Flow Rates (GPF / GPM)

Lavatory

Source: EPA Energy Start Data Trends Source: CBECS Table W1. Water consumption 2012 Source: Savetexaswater.org Analsysis Sources: EPA WaterSense - Residential Water Use

High 18 15 30 62 52 16 53 18 20

2 0 1400

2100

Female Occupant

Total uses / Day

Enter the total area that will be irrigated and then for each dropdown, choose the characteristic that best matches your site, plantings, and irrigation system.

Step 3: Chiller Use

Shower

Sources

Gallon/sf/yr by Building Type Building Type Low Education 11 Enclosed and strip malls 9 Grocery Store 18 Inpatient 37 Lodging 31 Mercantile 9 Multifamily Housing 32 Office 11 Outpatient 12

Step 1) Indoor Water use

Total indoor water use - Gallons / Day

Is potable water used for irrigation (after a two year establishment period)?

Native plants include those that are indigenous to a specific geographic location and are adapted for the local climate and ecosystems. Use "turf grass" for any landscape areas with decorative plants not adapted to the local climate.

Fall 2021

3 0.25

Runoff

Area (sf)

Roof

0.9

Impervious Turf Native Plantings Semi-Pervious Sub Total After Storage Total Percent Managed Onsite

0.9 0.2 0.05 0.5

Cubic Feet Stormwater Total Runoff

65,000

16,250

14,625

3,000 0 7,000 75,000 150,000

750 1,750 18,750 37,500

675 88 9,375 24,763 24,763

34.0%

4 - Water Runoff Quality Estimated Water Runoff Quality (Choose one) Runoff mostly from natural filtration (bio-swales or retention ponds) 4 Estimated Water Runoff Quality (Score 1-5)

City Atlanta Chicago Cleveland Dallas Denver

Inch 3.6 2.4 2 3.7 1.4

Helena 1.4 Houston Las Vegas Los Angeles Memphis Miami New York Philadelphia

4.6 0.8 2.2 3.8 5.4 3.4 3

Surface Metal Roof Asphalt Roof Gravel Roof Green Roof Concrete

Runoff Co. 0.90 - 0.95 0.85 - 0.90 0.80 - 0.85 0.25 - 0.50 0.70 - 0.95

Storm Events US Rainfall Atlas

Asphalt

0.70 - 0.95

Run Coeficient Table

Bricks Pavers Turf Native plants Sandy soil Clay-y soil Forest

0.70 - 0.85 0.60 - 0.80 0.15- 0.30 0.05 - 0.25 0.05 - 0.25 0.15 - 0.45 0.05 - 0.25

This resource goes into detail on surface conditions and soil type

1 2 3 4

Poor Baseline Better High Performing

Very High Performing

This resource is a bit out of date, but is still useful if location specific rainfall data is not available Runoff

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm COTE Framework

Fall 2021

Measure 7 - Design for Wellness Explanations

Calculators: Enter your values into the yellow cells. Enter non-numerical data into the green cells

Step 1: Determine the area of the building that is regularly occupied.

Total area of regularly occupied space Percent of building that is regularly occupied Area with quality views Area with operable windows Area served primarily by daylighting Daylight sensors installed? Yes Are operable windows used? Yes

For quality views, include work stations that have a direct line of sight to nature. For operable windows, include work stations within 25' of an operable window. For Daylight, input a continuous daylight autonomy metric. If daylight performance wasn't simulated, input the total area within 15' from from a perimeter wall. Input the total number of accessible thermostats and the percent of occupants who control their own light levels.

Enter the published cost to construct similar buildings in the region and list the source.

There are many design strategies for reducing building operating costs. Include design strategies, along with their estimated numerical impact here. This should be pretty rough and is most valuable as a thought exercise. The cost savings from utilities are already populated.

Calculators: Enter your values into the yellow cells. Enter non-numerical data into the green cells.

Reasonable Ranges

Input information on indoor air quality measurements.

Benchmark - Building Type Specific Actual construction cost Construction cost reduction from the benchmark

$100 /sf $67 /sf 33%

Benchmark Source

Benchmarks will auto fill from the benchmarking page.

Operating and maintenance cost reduction strategies: From utility savings $0 From cleaning $2 Durability investments $1 Other Other Total $3

/year /year /year /year /year /year

US Office Building O+M Cost Benchmarks (BOMA Report 2016) Utilities 2.16 /sf/yr Administrative 1.45 /sf/yr Cleaning 1.52 /sf/yr Parking 0.61 /sf/yr Roads and grounds 0.25 /sf/yr Repairs and maintenance 2 /sf/yr Total 7.99 /sf/yr

Major Strategy Major Strategy Major Strategy Major Strategy Major Strategy

Step 2: Fill out the measured energy uses per fuel type.

Efficiency ratio Benchmark - Building Type Specific

43%

Benchmark Source

Efficiency ratio achieved Efficiency ratio percent improvement

32% -26%

Major Strategy

GSA Workspace Utilization and Allocation

Calculators: Enter your values into the yellow cells. Enter non-numerical data into the green cells

Reasonable Ranges

See the Benchmarking page for reasonable ranges.

1 - Predicted and Measured energy use Step 1: Benchmark Benchmark Site Annual Energy Benchmark Site annual CO2 Emissions

98 kBtu/sf/yr 25 lbs. of CO2/sf/yr

Predicted Grid Electricity

kWh

Month January February March April May June July August September October

Natural Gas

Chilled Water

ccf

MLbs

See the benchmarking page for reasonable ranges.

Measured

Onsite Generation

District Steam

kBtu

Grid Electricity

kWh

Natural Gas

kWh

Sources

See The benchmarking page

7,312,500 kBtu/yr 1,854,332 lbs. of CO2/yr

Step 2: Record Monthly Energy Use

Input the total number of chemicals of concern that you avoided. Then name each of those chemicals and the standard that you used as a guide. Examples of the standards include: *Living Building Challenge Red List *WELL Building Standard *Healthier Hospitals Initiative Safer Chemicals *Six Classes (chemicals from Green Science Policy Institute) *Kaiser Permanente Facilities Design Program's Chemicals of Concern in Building Materials, Fabric, Furniture, and Finishes list. *Harvard's Green Building Standards for healthier materials

Chilled Water

ccf

Onsite Generation

District Steam

Ton Hours

Lbs

kWh

EIA - Natural Gas Costs

57 3.41

0 102.6

0 1

0 1194000

0 3.41

0 102.6

0 12

0 1.194

0 3.41

194

Cost of Energy (per selected unit) CO2 emissions (Lbs.) per kBtu Total CO2 Emissions

$0.12 0.36 70

$0.94 0.12 0

$0.18 0.36 0

$9.39 0.12 0

-0.02 0.36 0

0.12 0

0.36 0

0.12 0

-0.36 0

30 ppm

Is CO2 measured? Yes Maximum Measured CO2 levels

50 ppm

Is VOC measured? Yes Maximum Measured VOC levels

400 ppb

Task lights no

Individual light control none 50% 75% 100%

Yes

Thermostats Smaller numbers are better

Contaminant Particulates Particulates

PM10

All Spaces 50

PM2.5

USGBC LEED v4 Cont ami nant cont r ol - Tabl e

Ozone

Carbon monoxide volatile organic compounds Formaldehyde

CO VOCs CH2O

1. Maxi mum concent r at i on l evel s , by cont ami nant and t es t i ng met hod

Healthcare 3 ug/m 20 ug/m3 15

0.075

0.75

ppm

9 500 27

9 200 16.3

ppm 3 ug/m ppb

4 - Number of materials specified that have health certifications OR avoided chemicals of concern

Declare. HPD Collaborative

Materials with health certifications Notable Material 1 Notable Material 2 Notable Material 3 Notable Material 4 Notable Material 5

5 Materials metal mesh

Number of chemicals of concern that where avoided

2 Chemicals

concrete panel steel beam curtain wall

Chemical of concern AVOIDED Ethylene oxide Chemical of concern AVOIDED Formaldehyde Chemical of concern AVOIDED Chemical of concern AVOIDED Chemical of concern AVOIDED

Generally, the more certified materials, the better. Certification Certification Certification Certification Certification

leed platinum leed silver USBGC leed gold

Standard Standard Standard Standard Standard

-0.36 0

Measured 194 194 0% #DIV/0! 0 0 100% N/A 70

Metric tonnes of Carbon Dioxide (from buildcarbonneutral.org, Tally...) Lbs. of Carbon Dioxide Lbs. of Carbon Dioxide / sf Based on building type

2 - Life Cycle Analysis Yes cove.tool Steel siting strategies

3 - Number of Materials Specified with EPDs (or similar) Materials with EPDs Notable Material 1 metal mesh Notable Material 2 concrete panels Notable Material 3 curtain wall Notable Material 4 steel beams

Single family Multifamily low-rise Multifamily mid-rise Multifamily high-rise Commercial Educational Healthcare Cultural/Institutional Civic building Lodging Industrial Public Assembly Mixed Use (Residential/Office/Retail)

lbs. CO2/sf Average 55 34 56 56 67 96 75 92 50 57 164 79 91

Metric Tonnes CO2/sf High 60 41 81 70 85 106 95 121 69 78 192 109 121

Low 0.023 0.012 0.014 0.019 0.022 0.039 0.024 0.028 0.014 0.016 0.062 0.022 0.028

High 0.027 0.019 0.037 0.032 0.039 0.048 0.043 0.055 0.031 0.035 0.087 0.049 0.055

deQo database of embodied quantity outputs. MIT Building technology program

For materials with EPDs or similar certification, the more the better.

Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)

Percent Waste Diverted 50% - Good

Living Building Challange: Net Positive Waste

4 Materials Certification leed platinum Certification leed silver Certification leed silver Certification USGBC

Notable Material 5 Notable Material 6 Notable Material 7 Notable Material 8 Notable Material 9

Certification Certification Certification Certification Certification

4 - Construction Waste Diverted Percent of construction waste diverted from the landfill How the above was the above number determined? Estimated

40%

75% - Better 90% - Best!

Notable Strategy efficient storage and organized

0 0

LBC: Very High Performing thresholds 99% Metals 99% 100% 95% 90%

Paper and Cardboard Soil and Biomass Rigid foam / Carpet / Insulation All Other Materials

Notable Strategy Notable Strategy

0.00

Calculate or estimate the total value of materials that were recycled, local, or certified by third party programs.

2.00 W/sf 1.6 W/sf -28%

3 - Window Wall Ratio Window Wall Ratio (WWR)

95 209,439 3 92.4 97%

Sources

Low 50 27 31 42 49 85 54 62 31 36 136 48 61

Use IECC 2015 as the benchmark

Installed Lighting Power Density Benchmark Lighting power Density Lighting Power density reduction

Use the below link to determine the total embodied energy: build carbon neutral

Was a full building life cycle analysis performed? What Software was used? Major Structural System? Major strategy for reducing embodied carbon? Major strategy for reducing embodied carbon?

Weighing and recording dumpster fills during construction is best practice, but a good estimate will do as well.

0 0

2 - Lighting Power Density

Step 2: Determine an appropriate benchmark for the space type from IECC 2015.

Building Type

Embodied energy Benchmark Embodied energy reduction from Benchmark

This can be from any tool and taken to any depth

Reasonable Ranges

1 - Embodied Energy

List EPS (or similar certifications) collected for materials used and tally up the total number.

Predicted

0.00 100% N/A

Calculators: Enter your values into the yellow cells. Enter non-numerical data into the green cells

- International EPD System

Step 2: Review Outputs

Net operating cost ($)

There are a variety of tools for estimating the embodied carbon of an entire building. The simplest is Build Carbon Neutral, which only takes a few minutes and inputs. For a more detailed analysis, try Talley or Athena

"An Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) is a document that communicates verified, transparent and comparable information about the life-cycle environmental impact of products."

Total (kBtu)

Total Gross Energy (kBtu/yr) Total Net Energy (kBtu/yr) Percent from Renewable Energy Gross EUI (kBtu/sf/yr) Net EUI (kBtu/sf/yr) Net Energy percent reduction from Benchmark Total Net CO2 Emissions (Lbs./yr) Net CO2 Emissions (Lbs./sf/yr) CO2 Percent reduction from Benchmark

Explanations

EPA - Energy Conversions EIA - Electricty Costs

5 5 2 5 5 9 7 7 5 3 2 2

November December Total Conversion Factor

Enter the local energy cost for each fuel type if available. Enter the cost of renewables as negative.

Record your building's window wall ratio.

Baseline Good Better Very High Performing

Measure 8 - Resources

If an energy model was not completed for the project, just fill out the measured energy use. If a fuel type was not used, leave the monthly inputs as Zero. If a fuel type was used, but recorded in different units (such as Therms rather than CCF), use the conversion factors link to the right.

Step 1: Calculate the total installed lighting power density for your building.

8% 17% 83%

Daylight >65% >75% >85%

Max. concentration Goal Maximum CO2 levels

Input the total number of materials that have a third-party health certification in the yellow box. Then name each of those notable materials and their certification. Examples of certifications: *Declare *Health Product Declaration *Cradle to Cradle *Level

3 - Building space efficiency

Benchmark Site EUI Benchmark Site CO2 Emissions

Step 1: Fill out the predicted energy uses, per fuel type, from an energy model.

sf sf sf

Operable Windows 60% 80% 100%

3 - CO2 & VOCs

BOMA maintenance costs

2 - Estimated operating cost reduction

Sources

Views >75% >90% 100%

Good Better Very High Performing

Sources

1 - Construction cost benchmark

Measure 6 - Design for Energy Explanations

Total accessible thermostats 7 Thermostat Occupants per thermostat 200.0 Do occupants have task lights? Yes Percent of occupants who control their own light levels 58%

-ORAn efficient building will use fewer resources to construct, operate, and maintain. Enter the typical building efficiency ratio for the building type as a benchmark, the source of the benchmark, and the efficiency ratio achieved.

60,000 80% 5,000 10,000 50,000

2 - Occupants Per thermostat, Occupants who can control their own lighting

Measure 5 - Design for Economy Explanations

Reasonable Ranges

1 - Quality Views, Operable windows, & Daylighting

Step 2: Input the area of occupied spaces that have access to views, operable windows, and daylight.

25.00

LPD Tables by Space

Best practice is to achieve at least a 20% reduction from the benchmark

30% to 40% is ideal. A higher WWR will significantly increase energy use without improving daylighting.

CBECS Table C4. Sum of major fuel consumption and expenditure gross energy intensities , 2012

Local Materials: Don't worry too much about staying in a specific radius from the site. Use your best judgment to determine which materials were harvested or manufactured "locally" Recycled / Reused Materials: Include all materials that contain some component or ingredient that is reused or recylce.

5 - Recycled Materials, Regional Materials, & Materials with Third Party Certifications Generally, the more resused, recycled, FSC certified and/or local materials, the better. Total Construction Cost Total Materials Cost Total cost of recycled materials Total cost of regional materials How much of installed wood is FSC Certified? None

$5,000,000 $3,000,000 Percent $1,000,000 33% $500,000 17% 0%

Notable Reused or Recycled Material metal mesh Notable Reused or Recycled Material Notable Reused or Recycled Material Notable Regional Material steel Notable Regional Material

Source Location chicago Source Location

Notable Regional Material

Source Location

Benchmarks are from CBECS 2003, EUI measured in kBtu/sf/yr used on site, CO2 Emissions measured in lbs. CO2/kBtu. CO2 baseline from CBECS Table 1.Total energy consumption by energy source, 2012

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm COTE Framework

Fall 2021

Measure 9 - Change Explanations

Calculators: Enter your values into the yellow cells. Enter non-numerical data into the green cells

How much floor area was already existing?

Reasonable Ranges

Total floor area reused Percent reused

Choose the most relevant description of passive functionality from the dropdown.

2 - Days the Building Can Function Without Power

Input the building's design lifespan. The design lifespan is based on a variety of design choices such as material durability, functional adaptability, and water management.

3 - Building Lifespan

Sources

Whenever possible, existing buildings should be reused.

1 - Percent of Reused Floor Area 65,000 sf 87%

Passive Functionality 0 Baseline modern building (w/o operable windows) 1 Passive strategies - This is adequate for many buildings 2 Backup power for necessary uses 3 Fully functional without the grid

Choose one Partial back up energy Relative ranking (Score 1-4) 2

Building design lifespan 40 Was the building designed for disassembly? Yes

Building Design Lifespan 30 year Market rate stick frame 50 years Typical single family 200 years Concrete, Steel, or Heavy timber 1000 years Solid Masonry

Years

Notable longevity Strategy Notable longevity Strategy Notable longevity Strategy

For the most part, the longer the lifespan, the better.

Measure 10 - Discovery Explanations

Calculators: Enter your values into the yellow cells. Enter non-numerical data into the green cells

Select all the post occupancy strategies that were employed.

1 - Level of Post Occupancy Engagement

Reasonable Ranges

Which of the following did you do to stay engaged with the building? Contact the owner / Occupant to see how things are going Yes Obtain utility bill to determine actual performance Yes Survey building occupants on satisfaction Yes Formal onsite daylight measurements Yes Share collected data with building occupants Yes Post Occupancy Engagement Score

Select all the transparency strategies that were employed.

1 1 1 1 1

Formal post occupancy air quality testing Data logging of indoor environmental measurements Post occupancy energy analysis Develop and share strategies to improve the building's Performance Teach occupants and operators how to improve building performance

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

1 1 1 1 1

Publish post occupancy data from the building Yes Publish any lessons learned from design, construction, or occupancy Yes

1 1

100%

2 - Level of Transparency The higher the score, the better Which of the following did you do to share the lessons of the project? Present the design of the project to the office Yes Present the design of the project to the public Yes

1 1

Present outcomes and lessons learned to the office Yes

1 other:

Present outcomes and lessons learned to the public Yes

1 other:

Transparency score

Select the level of occupancy feedback.

Sources

The higher the score, the better

75%

3 - Level of Occupant feedback Choose one Typical occupants have access to performance feedback Relative ranking (Score 0-5)

Baseline

Fine

Good

Better

High Performing

Very High Performing

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

In working with Kansas City zoning requirements, the team established a commitment to Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) gold. The project achieves LEED gold rating under the v4 rating system. The project considers design from human scale to large scale and its implications of ecological and social impact. By carefully noting and challenging each credit rule, the project stems from past malpractice or design triumphs in hopes of education and shaping future sustainable design. Utilizing knowledge of passive strategies as the main agent for a net-zero building, LEED credits become specific components to achieve the project goal. Secondary active strategies arise as solution only when passive testing has been exhausted. Through energy modeling software performance standards were targeted and continually tested as each design move occurred in relation to the site. In accordance with LEED v4, the team modeled the proposal based on ASHRAE 90.1-2010 appendix G and the LEED Whole-Building Energy Simulation methodology including CHP modeling guidance. Questions of form and experience in response to climate and plays of brilliance reside at the forefront of the team’s daily discussions. Design is for all and considers all [people, environment, future] and each LEED category guided us to approach design for all.

Fall 2021

LEED

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm LEED

Strategies to Obtain LEED Credits

Sustainable Cities Any new construction has an ecological impact. The category seeks to limit that impact on building site, as well as surrounding environment and waterways. The project focuses on managing storm water runoff and erosion through landscape design. Appropriate surrounding landscape is crucial to reduce irrigation and limit toxic pest control. Examining the construction methodology offers opportunity to reduce the typical construction related pollution. The building, the architecture orchestrates a vital relationship with surrounding ecosystems [in the sense of living and non-living].

Water Efficiency Water is addressed holistically in this category through indoor/outdoor use, specialized use, and metering. “Efficiency first” centers the approach to water conservation with recognition for installing systems that reduce water consumption and treat water efficiently and in an environmentally sound manner.

-Construction Activity Pollution Prevention To reduce pollution from construction activities by controlling soil erosion, waterway sedimentation, and airborne dust that disproportionately impact frontline communities. Construction is considering impact on community by implementing an action plan of minimizing sedimentation and runoff into river. The long term plan aims to revitalize the riverfront by native plantings and ecological filtration before watershed is harmed. A symbiotic relationship of flood control and chemical control coexist to allow for species to regenerate. -Site Assessment To assess site conditions, environmental justice concerns, and cultural and social factors, before design to evaluate sustainable options and inform related decisions about site design. The project began with intense site assessment of macro and micro climate, cultural makeup, and social inequity to consider the impact of environmental, cultural, and social repercussions. Each is carefully considered with every move on the site. Southwestern winds sparked an elevated driving facade and daylighting resulted in a long east-west rotated museum spine. -Site Development [Protect or Restore Habitat] To conserve existing natural areas and restore damaged areas to provide habitat and promote biodiversity. Situated in a brownfield, the project aims to restore an industrial zone and revamp the local ecosystem through water collection, solar collection, and complete analysis/ long-term planning of ecological protection. Proposed reclaimed public space results from a corporation [GM] cleaning up an existing architectural condition. -Open Space To create exterior open space that encourages interaction with the environment, social interaction, passive recreation, and physical activities. Revitalizing the riverfront through park and recreation spaces is a key component in the project. [public reclaiming industrial fallout] -Rainwater Management To reduce runoff volume and improve water quality by replicating the natural hydrology and water balance of the site, based on historical conditions and undeveloped ecosystems in the region to avoid contributing to flooding downstream in frontline communities. Rainwater systems [bioswales and roof collection] increase potable water reuse and filtration. Bioswales allow for water re-usage for irrigation. -Heat Island Reduction To minimize inequitable effects on microclimates and human, especially frontline communities, and wildlife habitats by reducing heat islands. A cool roof lessens the heat island effect by reflecting heat back towards sun. The project has sourced a reflected material with a light color coating [see envelope section for product spec].

Fall 2021

-Indoor Water Use Reduction To reduce indoor potable water consumption and preserve no and low cost potable water resources. Specifying water efficient fixtures and harvesting rainwater [bioswales and roof collection] is reducing water usage in project by 60%. -Building-Level Water Metering To conserve low cost potable water resources and support water management and identify opportunities for additional water savings by tracking water consumption. Tracking water consumption through metered systems allows for data analysis and research opportunities to educate users. Metering system is located within each program block [auditorium, business, education, tower, and museum] to target individual programmatic spaces in response to occupation levels and use. -Outdoor Water Use Reduction To reduce outdoor potable water consumption and preserve no and low-cost potable water resources. Integrating technology such as bioswales and rain gardens reduce landscape watering and redistribute water in efficient ways to irrigation. -Indoor Water Use Reduction To reduce indoor potable water consumption and preserve no and low cost potable water resources. Specifying water efficient fixtures and harvesting rainwater reduce water usage in project by 60%. -Cooling Tower Water Use To conserve low cost potable water resources used for mechanical processes while controlling corrosion and scale in the condenser water system. Removal of solids from blowdown water before recirculating water into system are improve the quality of water and reduce consumption. Hyperbolic cooling towers acting on roof create minimal obstruction and manage large scale tasks without large energy consumption. -Water Metering To conserve low cost potable water resources and support water management and identify opportunities for additional water savings by tracking water consumption. Tracking water consumption through metered systems allows for data analysis and research opportunities to educate users, architects, and owner. A metering system is in place to target data analysis once project is occupied.

-Light Pollution Reduction To increase night sky access, improve nighttime visibility, and reduce the consequences of development for wildlife and people. Covering and positioning lights downward, away from sky helps reduce light pollution. Plants are also a source of blockage in place as the intermediate climate between ring of cars and thermally insulated building. 57

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm LEED

Strategies to Obtain LEED Credits Indoor Environmental Quality Providing the occupant with access to a thermostat system, controlling any source of air pollution, and implementing connections to the outdoor environment create “healthy” buildings. Lighting quality, acoustic properties, and air quality influence the way people perceive a space and navigate that space. Designing based on site specific decisions and monitoring the qualities [light, air, and acoustics] allow buildings to respond to surrounding climatic conditions. -Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance To contribute to the comfort and well-being of all building occupants by establishing minimum standards for indoor air quality (IAQ). -Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control To prevent or minimize exposure of building occupants, indoor surfaces, and ventilation air distribution systems to environmental tobacco smoke. Signage is in place regulating smoke control. -Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies To promote occupants’ comfort, well-being, and productivity by improving indoor air quality. A VAV system regulates occupant comfort with user operated controls placed in individual offices and classrooms and dynamic controls [utilizing building research for air flow and temperature] in the museum and auditorium. Operable windows occupy the offices and classrooms to capitalize on Kansas City’s wind on warm days. -Low-Emitting Materials To reduce concentrations of chemical contaminants that can damage air quality and the environment, and to protect the health, productivity, and comfort of installers and building occupants. -Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan To promote the well-being of construction workers and building occupants by minimizing indoor air quality problems associated with construction and renovation. -Indoor Air Quality Assessment To establish better quality indoor air in the building after construction and during occupancy to protect human health, productivity, and wellbeing. A double facade allows ventilation through the metal mesh into the building, as a passive system of air movement. Operable windows scatter the exterior walls of the education/business blocks to allow users total control of engagement to outside. -Thermal Comfort To promote occupants’ productivity, comfort, and well-being by providing quality thermal comfort. A user defined system is in place where occupants need control of comfort levels [business and education sectors]. An over arching system for the museum and auditorium adjusts based on data collection and research. -Interior Lighting To promote occupants’ productivity, comfort, and well-being by providing high-quality lighting. ERCO track lights are specified for the museum spaces and are on a solar responsive timer. ERCO task lights are specified for offices and classrooms to provide addition lighting as needed [each program spaces are within 6ft of fenestration and maximize daylighting]. -Daylight To connect building occupants with the outdoors, reinforce circadian rhythms, and reduce the use of electrical lighting by introducing daylight into the space. -Quality Views To give building occupants a connection to the natural outdoor environment by providing quality views. An assessment on cove.tool has targeted building as 90% quality views with each program component oriented towards a differing sight line.

Fall 2021

-Acoustic Performance To provide workspaces and classrooms that promote occupants’ well-being, productivity, and communications through effective acoustic design. Each supporting program resides in its own territory and is designed to accompany acoustical considerations.

Strategies to Obtain LEED Credits Material and Resources The proposal aims to utilize building materials that leave less of an environmental impact on the earth, and that can reduce and control waste and decrease quantity of materials needed. Materials with a documented chain of custody are rewarded. -Storage and Collection of Recyclables To reduce the disproportionate burden of landfills and incinerators that is generated by building occupants’ waste hauled to and disposed of in landfills and incinerators through reduction, reuse and recycling service and education, and to conserve natural resources for future generations. Tastefully designed systems of recyclable storage are implemented throughout building and riverfront each labeled accordingly and accessible to all. -Construction and Demolition Waste Management Planning To reduce construction and demolition waste disposed of in landfills and incineration facilities by recovering, reusing, and recycling materials. A life cycle assessment of materials have sourced and dated all resources. The material palette for the project is reduced to four main swatches. Each of these materials are 100% recyclable or applicable for different use after project. The contractor is responsible for contacting architect to confirm material storage and application. -Building Life-Cycle Impact Reduction To encourage adaptive reuse and optimize the environmental performance of products and materials. 100% of materials selected are 100% recyclable and can be reused for future projects Each material selected has rigorous documentation of either LEED certification or USGBC acknowledgment. -Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Environmental Product Declarations To encourage the use of products and materials for which life-cycle information is available and that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life-cycle impacts. To reward project teams for selecting products from manufacturers who have verified improved environmental life-cycle impacts. We have sourced products with a known history and manufacturers supporting LEED certification. -Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Sourcing of Raw Materials To encourage the use of products and materials for which life cycle information is available and that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life cycle impacts. To reward project teams for selecting products verified to have been extracted or sourced in a responsible manner. -Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients To encourage the use of products and materials for which life-cycle information is available and that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life-cycle impacts. To reward project teams for selecting products for which the chemical ingredients in the product are inventoried using an accepted methodology and for selecting products verified to minimize the use and generation of harmful substances. To reward raw material manufacturers who produce products verified to have improved life-cycle impacts. -Construction and Demolition Waste Management To reduce construction and demolition waste disposed of in landfills and incineration facilities through waste prevention and by reusing, recovering, and recycling materials, and conserving resources for future generations. To delay the need for new landfill facilities that are often located in frontline communities and create green jobs and materials markets for building construction services.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm LEED

Strategies to Obtain LEED Credits

Energy and Atmosphere Energy performance of the building is determined in this section and points are earned for maximizing a building’s energy efficiency, for using renewable and alternative energy sources, and for adhering to ozone protection protocols. Energy modeling utilizes cove.tool and establishes target EUI.

Location and Transportation Encouraged condensed housing and building on infill lots which serves to protect green space and environmentally sensitive areas by slowing urban sprawl. The Location and Transportation category rewards thoughtful decisions about building location, with credits that encourage compact development, alternative transportation, and connection with amenities such as restaurants and parks. The project proposes a microhub of community engagement with amusement, dining, culture, and greenspace molding into one clustered area [microcosm].

-Fundamental Commissioning and Verification To support the design, construction, and eventual operation of a project that meets the owner’s project requirements for energy, water, indoor environmental quality, and durability. -Minimum Energy Performance To reduce the environmental and economic harms of excessive energy use by achieving a minimum level of energy efficiency for the building and its systems. A target EUI of 19 is met by last energy analysis. -Building-Level Energy Metering To support energy management and identify opportunities for additional energy savings by tracking building-level energy use. A metering system is in place to target data analysis once project is occupied. -Fundamental Refrigerant Management To reduce stratospheric ozone depletion. -Enhanced Commissioning To further support the design, construction, and eventual operation of a project that meets the owner’s project requirements for energy, water, indoor environmental quality, and durability. -Optimized Energy Performance To achieve increasing levels of energy performance beyond the prerequisite standard to reduce environmental and economic harms associated with excessive energy use. Extensive data analysis has produced a target EUI of 19 to meet US 2030 carbon reduction. Through energy analysis programs each system is continually modeled and researched in regards of energy performance. The last analysis indicates goal is met. Large moves such as rotating building axis and designing a double facade system were direct responses of energy analysis. -Advanced Energy Metering To support energy management and identify opportunities for additional energy savings by tracking building-level and system-level energy use. A metering system is in place to target data analysis once project is occupied. Feedback from metering allows us to learn and engage with occupant and materials for future use. -Demand Response To increase participation in demand response technologies and programs that make energy generation and distribution systems more efficient, increase grid reliability, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. -Renewable Energy Production To reduce the environmental and economic harms associated with fossil fuel energy by increasing self-supply of renewable energy. A solar panel system rests on the flat roof of education block and combats grid usage. As Kansas positions itself as a powerful agent of wind energy production, GM continues to buy technology and research for production. The team did not see the already toxified site as a place for a wind farm but the project supports research and finical compensation for wind usage at a site 30 miles west. -Enhanced Refrigerant Management To reduce ozone depletion and support early compliance with the Montreal Protocol while minimizing direct contributions to climate change. -Green Power and Carbon Offsets To encourage the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through the use of grid-source, renewable energy technologies and carbon mitigation projects.

Fall 2021

-LEED for Neighborhood Development Location To avoid development on inappropriate sites. To reduce vehicle distance traveled. To enhance livability and improve human health by encouraging daily physical activity. As the site currently sits, the riverfront is disengaged and polluted. With General Motors and its position within the Fairfax community, the company has an obligation to revitalize and reengage the riverfront through development. With a proposed park and pavilion space, the project aims to increase neighborhood walkability and recreation. -Sensitive Land Protection To avoid the development of environmentally sensitive lands and reduce the environmental impact from the location of a building on a site. Land is not sensitive; Kansas City has LEED regional high priority over this site for development -High Priority Site To encourage project location in areas with development constraints and promote the health of the surrounding area. Kansas City has LEED regional high priority over this site for development -Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses To conserve land and protect farmland and wildlife habitat by encouraging development in areas with existing infrastructure. To promote walkability, and transportation efficiency and reduce vehicle distance traveled. To improve public health by encouraging daily physical activity. Existing infrastructure stands as a source of remembrance of what the industrialist agenda has generated. As these spaces become more accessible, the public’s interaction becomes a source of occupation and programming. -Access to Quality Transit To encourage development in locations shown to have multimodal transportation choices or otherwise reduced motor vehicle use, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and other environmental and public health harms associated with motor vehicle use. The project itself connects two disadvantaged areas of Kansas City through a proposed bridge connection. The public road sponsored by GM acts as a service of the company’s public duty after the complete erasure and toxification of high valued land. -Bicycle Facilities To promote bicycling and transportation efficiency and reduce vehicle distance traveled. To improve public health by encouraging utilitarian and recreational physical activity. 7 bike racks are on site -Reduced Parking Footprint To minimize the environmental harms associated with parking facilities, including automobile dependence, land consumption, and rainwater runoff. There is no surface parking proposed in driving loop; the south side parking garage acts as a wind shield while the north side parking is integrated in a ramp condition. A surface parking lot occurs in front of test track but utilizes drainage and integrated filtration systems to stop polluted water from entering river and wetlands. -Green Vehicles To reduce pollution by promoting alternatives to conventionally fueled automobiles. The experience center in nature promotes green vehicles. Charging stations are placed within driving facade to allow community to charge cars and promote green car ownership. 59

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm LEED

Strategies to Obtain LEED Credits

Innovation Sustainable design strategies and measures are constantly evolving and improving. New technologies are continually introduced to the marketplace, and up-to-date scientific research influences building design strategies. The purpose of this category is to recognize projects for innovative building features and sustainable building practices and strategies. This category gives points for design innovations that make the structure excel beyond expectation in the rest of the categories.

Site Specific:

Fall 2021

Location and Transportation -High Priority Site -Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses -Reduced Parking Footprint -Green Vehicles

-Innovation To encourage projects to achieve exceptional or innovative performance.

Material and Resources -Build life-Cycle Impact Reduction

-LEED Accredited Professional To encourage the team integration required by a LEED project and to streamline the application and certification process.

Water Efficiency -Outdoor Water Use Reduction

Regional Priority To provide an incentive for the achievement of credits that address geographically specific environmental, social equity, and public health priorities. -Outdoor Water Use Reduction LEED v4 for BD+C: New Construction and Major Renovation Project Checklist Y

N Credit

Project Name : GM

Integrative Process

12 Location and Transportation

Credit

Inn

Credit

Sensitive Land Protection

Credit

High Priority Site

2 5

Credit

Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses

Credit

Access to Quality Transit

Credit

Bicycle Facilities

Credit

Reduced Parking Footprint

Credit

Green Vehicles

1 Sustainable Sites

Prereq

Construction Activity Pollution Prevention

Credit

Site Assessment

Credit

Site Development - Protect or Restore Habitat

Credit

Open Space

Credit

Rainwater Management

Credit

Heat Island Reduction

Credit

Light Pollution Reduction

1 2

4 Water Efficiency

LEED v4 for BD+C: New Construction and Major Renovation Project Checklist

16 1

1 3

Credit

Access to Quality Transit Prereq Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance

Credit

Bicycle Facilities

Credit

Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients

Credit

Construction and Demolition Waste Management

1 1

Prereq

Credit

Prereq

Building-Level Energy Metering

1 Required

Prereq

Fundamental Refrigerant Management

Required

176 0

Credit

Indoor Air Quality Assessment

Credit

Thermal Comfort

Credit

Interior Lighting

Credit

Daylight

Credit

Quality Views

Required

Credit

Acoustic Performance

4 Innovation 1

Credit

Innovation

Credit

LEED Accredited Professional

Credit

Reduction 0 Light Pollution 5 Innovation 5

Credit

EfficiencyCredit 4 Water 1 3

Prereq

1 1

Credit

Innovation LEED Accredited Professional

Indoor Water Use Reduction

Required

Building-Level Water Metering Credit Regional Priority: Specific Credit Outdoor Water Use Reduction Credit Regional Priority: Specific Credit Indoor WaterCredit Use Reduction Regional Priority: Specific Credit Cooling Water Use Credit 1 Tower Regional Priority: Specific Credit

Required

Regional Priority

Water Metering

Credit

Enhanced Commissioning

Credit

Optimize Energy Performance

Y18

Prereq

Fundamental Commissioning and Verification

Required

Credit

Advanced Energy Metering

Prereq

Minimum Energy Performance

Required

Credit

Demand Response

Prereq

Building-Level Energy Metering

Required

Credit

Renewable Energy Production

Prereq

Fundamental Refrigerant Management

Required

Credit

Enhanced Refrigerant Management

Credit

Enhanced Commissioning

Credit

Green Power and Carbon Offsets

31 10 2

Credit

Optimize Energy Performance

Credit

Advanced Energy Metering

1 2

6 5

1 1

Credit

Demand Response

Credit

Renewable Energy Production

1 1

1 79 0 45 TOTALS Possible Points: 1 16 Energy and Atmosphere Certified: 40 to 49 points, Silver: 50 to 59 points, Gold: 60 to 7933 points, Platinum: 80 to 110

2 1

3 1

Credit

Low-Emitting Materials

Heat Island Reduction

Credit

Minimum Energy Performance

Credit

Fundamental Commissioning and Verification

Required

Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies

Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan

Prereq

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control

Credit

Prereq

Required

Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance

Quality Views Rainwater Management Credit Acoustic Performance

Prereq

4 Required 1 Required

Open SpaceCredit

Y 1

Required

Indoor Environmental Quality Prereq

Credit

Prereq

16 Energy and Atmosphere

Site Development - Protect or Restore Habitat Credit Daylight

Required Required

Credit

Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan

Indoor Air Quality Assessment Construction Activity Pollution Prevention Credit Thermal Comfort Site Assessment Credit Interior Lighting

76 0

Water Metering

Credit

1 Sustainable Sites Credit

Indoor Water Use Reduction Cooling Tower Water Use

Indoor Environmental Quality

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control Reduced Parking Footprint Credit Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies 0 Green Vehicles Credit Low-Emitting Materials 2

Outdoor Water Use Reduction

Credit

Construction and Demolition Waste Management

Prereq

Credit

1 Required

Building-Level Water Metering

Required

Prereq

Required

Credit

Storage and Collection of Recyclables

2 Prereq

Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses

Materials and Resources

Building Life-Cycle Impact Reduction Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Environmental Product Declarations Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Sourcing of Raw Materials

Credit

2 11 2

Construction and Demolition Waste Management Planning

2 Prereq

Credit

Required

2 Credit

Indoor Water Use Reduction

Credit

Construction and Demolition Waste Management Planning

Prereq

Integrative Process Credit 2

Y 1

Required

2 Required 2 Required

Storage and Collection of Recyclables

High Priority Credit Site

Prereq

2 Credit

Credit

Project Name : GM

Materials and Resources

1 Building Life-Cycle Impact Reduction Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Environmental Product Credit 1 1 Declarations 12 Location and Transportation 16 9 0 Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Sourcing 1 Inn 1 8 Credit 16of Raw Materials Y Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material1Ingredients Y 2 Credit Sensitive Land Protection

1 Required 1 1 1 2

Y 3

Y Credit

85 11 21 1 3

1 1

Regional Priority

Credit

110

Regional Priority: Specific Credit

Credit

Regional Priority: Specific Credit

Credit

Regional Priority: Specific Credit

Credit

Regional Priority: Specific Credit

TOTALS

Possible Points:

110

Certified: 40 to 49 points, Silver: 50 to 59 points, Gold: 60 to 79 points, Platinum: 80 to 110

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm LEED

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm LEED

Fall 2021

125°F

125 mm

100°F

100 mm

75°F

75 mm

50°F

50 mm

25°F

25 mm

0°F

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

0 mm

30 days

25 days

20 days

15 days

10 days

5 days

0 days

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

>17 mph

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Fall 2021

The “Anatomy & Physiology” Of the Structural Fireground arises from the ideology of program components conforming to the suspected typology of pre-existing design. As supporting components attach to one long spine of the main program, these “neck” attachment conditions conceal systems of egress, restrooms, HVAC, and electrical. These core provide critical moments of fire separation and structural support. Under IBC table 508.4, A/E occupancies require no separation between each other. Similarly, B, F-1, M, S-1 do not require separation between each other. Due to the nature of B, F-1, M, S-1 situated within a systematic flow of space; these occupancies could potentially become one core. A-3 is the main occupancy of the project and covers the most square footage. Designing separated spaces in a harmonious fashion is critical to alleviate a choppy, closed off circulation path. Occupancies must be intentionally placed in a smart scheme, otherwise the project raises unnecessary material usage for fire separation and incompetent cost estimate.

Zoning

Type II and Type III are a lower degree of fire resistance than Type I. In Type II, fire resistance rating on all exterior and interior load bearing walls and may have combustible features, provided there is adequate fire separation distance. Type I offers higher fire resistance but ventilation [breathable building] becomes an issue since windows are thick and roof must be non-combustible. As the project becomes larger than need for Type I construction is apparent; however, we will push sustainable practices of finding and sourcing environmentally friendly products. To reinforce the transparency of the architecture with construction methodology, Type 1 construction assists the design to engage transparency of material. Working with large curtain wall systems, the ability to see and frame views of downtown Kansas City is least restrictive within this mode of construction.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Zoning

Program Specifics

Fall 2021

Occupancy Classifications

Site [Conditions and connections within the larger neighborhood and urban context driving the relationship of building to landscape to extent of navigation and occupation of site]

Experience Center [The building/buildings conveying the image of General Motors and the company’s role in producing iconic cars prompting the intersection of idealized Americana and consumerism.

Specific components: Multi-purpose pavilion (1)

Total 1,000 sqft

Conditions (exists in a landscape condition public reclaiming past industry)

Lobby

(1)

500 sqft

(guides two differing circulation paths)

Restaurant

(1)

5,000 sqft

Memorabilia

(1)

300 sqft

Museum

Experience Center

(challenges occupation cycling with night considerations)

Specific components: Multi-purpose pavilion Lobby Restaurant Memorabilia Museum Auditorium Admin offices Conference Rooms Classrooms Library/Archive Lounge Circulation Toilets

(consumerism?)

Service

(varies) 36,100 sqft

(to preserve and protect the automobile collective)

Auditorium

(1)

10,800 sqft

(connect education and thematic experience of museum)

Admin offices

(9)

1500 sqft

Specific components: Service Mechanical Loading Dock

Conference Rooms

(1)

600 sqft

Circulation

Specific components: Parking garage Landscape/park infill Track/proposed highway and bridge connection

(within business sector)

Classrooms (10) 6000 sqft

(supports outreach programs and engages community to design, create, make next to GM’s engineers)

Library/Archive

(1)

600 sqft

(preservation of history and exploration of future)

Lounge

(1)

600 sqft

(within business and education sector)

Circulation Toilets (26)

as required 2,000 sqft

Subtotal

65,000 sqft

Service

Specific components: Service Mechanical Loading Dock

Maximum total building gross square foot area not to exceed

- B A-2 M A-3 A-3 B B B A-3 B -

(open to exterior Assembly) (accessory)

S-1 S-1 S-1

as required as required 4,800 sqft 70,155 sqft

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Zoning

Definitions A

Non-separated Occupancies: Require no separation between different occupancies in the form of rated assemblies (walls, floors) IBC Section 508.3

Separated Occupancies: Require different occupancies to be separated using rated walls (fire barriers per IBC Section 707) and floors/ceilings (horizontal assemblies per IBC Section 711). IBC Table 508.4 provides required hourly ratings for assemblies separating adjacent occupancies.

Accessory Occupancies: Occupancies that are ancillary to the main occupancy of the building or portion thereof. Accessory occupancies shall comply with the provisions of Sections 508.2.

Incidental Occupancies: Incidental uses are ancillary functions associated with a given occupancy that generally pose a greater level of risk to that occupancy and are limited to those uses listed in 509. Exception: Incidental uses within and serving a dwelling unit are not required to comply with this section.

Fall 2021

Construction Methodology A

Least Restrictive to Most Restrictive: Type V, Type IV, Type III, Type II, Type I Type A and B subdivisions determine the degree of protection within the numerical construction type. Type A subdivision provides a higher level of protection.

Relative to Project: Construction Type Stories Above Grade Allowable Building Area Type V-A 2 11,500 Type IV 3 15,000 Type III-A 3 14,000 Type II- B 2 9,500 Type II-A 3 15,500 Type I-B 5 UL Type I-A UL UL

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Zoning

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Zoning

Fall 2021

Fire Separation Technically no separation is required between A and E occupancies but each egress core and mechanical core [indicated separation by dashed line] abides by a 2hr fire separation.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Zoning

Fall 2021

Fire Separation Technically no separation is required between A and E occupancies but each egress core and mechanical core [indicated separation by dashed line] abides by a 2hr fire separation.

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Zoning

Locating and Zoning A

AHJ: Currently Fairfax owns the property.

Locating Site: 1403 Fairfax Trfy Kansas City, KS 66115 Brownfield conditions but the city has allowed accessory uses on the site such as a farmer’s market and employee recreation. Zoning M-3 Industrial Current; C-3 Proposed

Site Classifications: Intent. To encourage on-site and off-site compatibility of development while considering the relationship between site design and the existing environment. Site character includes consideration of: physical and natural features of land; building placement; vehicular access; circulation and parking; pedestrian access; preservation and buffering of views; surrounding development; and community character.

Height. Height shall be no more than three stories, except that in the CP-3 planned commercial district, buildings and structures shall not exceed 12 stories.

Territoriality. Territoriality is a concept that clearly delineates private space from semi-public and public spaces, and creates a sense of ownership. Ownership thereby creates an environment where appearance of such strangers and intruders stand out and are more easily identified through: 1. The enhanced feeling of legitimate ownership by reinforcing existing natural surveillance and natural access control strategies with additional symbolic or social ones. 2. The design of space to allow for its continued use and intended purpose. 3. The use of pavement treatments, landscaping, art, signage, screening and fences define and outline ownership of space.

Landscaping. Landscaping offers many benefits including providing color and shade, buffering wind, sun, and bad views, and reducing glare. Landscaping also integrates structures and uses with the site while reducing the visual impact of development on adjacent uses. Overall: 1. Landscaping is important to completing the design picture 2. Landscaping is a working component of the development, serving to screen, buffer, soften, and energize the buildings, streets, and parking. 3. Landscaping identifies street frontage and maintains character for rights-o-way. 4. Landscaping is an on-going requirement for healthy development. 5. Landscaping shall exceed the typical code requirements by at least 75%.

Brownfields Program. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has offered Wyandotte County and Kansas City a Brownfields Assessment Grant to address the issue of brownfields in the community and leverage resources.

Fall 2021

CODE ANALYSIS Project: Car Brand Experience Center Date: 08/ 25/2021 Code Check Performed by: (names) Katie Pennington REFERENCES Abbreviation Edition: IBC International Building Code 2012 ADA ADA Standards for Accessible Design 2010 BUILDING OCCUPANCY & CONSTRUCTION TYPE IBC 302.1, 508 Occupancy Type(s) Indicate Occupancies within the Building and their Rating/Separation requirements: Occupancy Fire Floor Area (s.f.) % Type Area (s.f.) Separation Occupancy (Level #) IBC 508.2 A-3 Museum (All) 36100 61900 58% Primary none IBC 508.3 B Admin offices and 2100 61900 3% Separated 1hr if Conference rooms (Level sprinklered 2 1) if not IBC 508.4

A-3 Auditorium (First floor)

Table 508.4

IBC 509.4.1

Incidental Uses

10800

61900

17% Nonseparated

none

A-2 Restaurant (second floor)

5000

61900

8% Nonseparated

none

A-3 library (second floor)

1000

61900

2% Nonseparated

none

B classrooms Level 1

6000

61900

10% Separated

M gift shop (level 1)

300

61900

0% Separated

Longue (A-3)

600

61900

1% Nonseparated

Indicate Incidental areas within the Project and their Rating/Separation Requirements: Incidental use (Level #) S-1 (First floor)

IBC 4

1hr if sprinklered 2 if not 1hr if sprinklered 2 if not none

Occupancy Area (s.f.) Floor Area (s.f.) % 300 10150

Type 3% separated

Fire Separation 1hr or provide automatic fireextinguishing system

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! Is a sprinkler system assumed for the above separation requirements? yes Sprinkler Requirement Is your building required to be sprinklered by any of the following code sections? due to Occupancy Code (Y/N) Type Explanation or Exemption IBC Chapter 4 N 13/13R… IBC/IFC 903 Y IBC 903.2.1.3 [Fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet. Note: If the IBC requires sprinklers for your buildings in the areas noted above, you will not be allowed to decrease the rating of the building elements in Table 601 per note e.

Sprinkler Requirement Is there an owner or other requirement that the building be sprinklered? (explain) for other Reasons IBC 202 IBC 202 "Height"

Building Height

IBC 202 IBC 505

Grade Plane Elevation (per def. IBC 202) Height of Building (actual) in feet (per IBC 202) Do you have a basement considered a "story above grade plane?" List any and all mezzanines within the building (complying with 505): Level #

UT CoAD Codes Analysis

Mezz. Location/Room

Mezz. Floor Area

Page 1 of 8

Area of Level containing Mezzanine

30 no

% actual

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

% allowed per IBC 505.2.1

10/18/2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Zoning CODE ANALYSIS

Project: Car Brand Experience Center feet n/a List all building types which allow project building height:

IBC 506

Date: 08/ 25/2021

CODE ANALYSIS

IA/B, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA, VA

IBC 506.2

IBC 506.3

Project "Building area" (per IBC 202) at each Story n/a Basement 15500 Level 1 15500 Level 2 n/a Level 3 n/a Level 4+ (insert rows as needed) 31000 Total Building Area: IBC 506.2 F feet Frontage Increase (If) P feet W feet If= #DIV/0! (calculated for you ) IBC 506.3 Number of stories above grade: 0 Is= (enter) Sprinkler Increase (Is) (Enter 0 if the building will not be sprinklered.)

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION TYPE Allowable Areas and Increases per IBC 503 and 506 IIA IIB IIIA IIIB IVA VA VB Base Area (At) UL UL 15,500 9,500 14,000 9,500 15,000 11,500 6,000 Frontage Increase #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! Sprinkler Increase 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Allowable Area #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! (Cells in blue are calculated by formula - you do not need to enter these) Least restrictive building type which allows area for project ( check IBC Table 601): VA Construction Type (actual): IIB Sprinklered: (Y/N) Y IBC 602 & 603 Basic Description of anticipated construction type: Type II (non-combustible) is a lower degree of fire resistance than type I. Fire resistance rating on all exterior and interior load bearing walls and may have combustible features, provided there is adequate fire separation distance. IBC Table 601 Building Element Fire Building Element Required Fire Rating Exceptions / Notes Ratings Primary Structural Frame 0 Exterior Bearing Walls Interior Bearing Walls 0 Interior Non-Bearing Walls 0 Floor Construction 0 Roof Construction 0 IBC 705.2 Exterior Walls <5' from P.L. 1 See IBC 705.2 IBC Table 602 Exterior Walls >5' <10' from P.L. 1 Exterior Walls >10' <30' from P.L. 0 Exterior Walls >30' from P.L. 0 IBC 706.1.1 Party Walls n/a IBC 706 Fire Walls 3 FIRE SEPARATION IBC 713.4 Vertical Openings & Shaft less than 4 stories 1 Shaft Enclosures Shaft more then 4 stories 2 (Other applicable types listed?) IBC 1009.2,1022.2 Interior Exit Stair 1 basement is included when calculating; for less than 4 stories IBC 1026.6,1022.2 Exterior Exit Stair 1 IBC 1009.3.1.2 Enclosed Exit Access Stair <4 story 1 IBC 1009.3.1.2 Enclosed Exit Access Stair 4+ story 2 IBC 1009.3 (1-10) Exit Access Stair (open) 1 if under four stories, 2 if exceeding four stories IBC 712.1.8 Two Story Opening (Indicate exception and explain limits) IBC 404.6 Atrium 1 hour; fire barrier is not required where a glass wall forming a smoke partition is provided. Sprinklers must be provided along both sides of glass wall. IBC 1023.3 IBC 1025.1

Fire Barriers

IBC 404.6 IBC 707.3.10

IBC 713.14.1

Fire Partitions

If yes, rating required: Additional Doors at Hoistway? Smoke Partitions Lobby Pressurization Exit Access Corridors

IBC 707.14.2

Page 2 of 10

9/5/2021

Exit passageway Horizontal Exit Atrium Separation Single Occ. Fire Areas

Ext. walls at ext. exit stairs/ramps Rated Elevator Lobby Required?

IBC 3002.6

IBC 1018.1

Elevators

IBC 707.4

UT CoAD Codes Analysis

Fall 2021

Date: 08/ 25/2021

At the table below, enter the Base Area for each construction type for your building type per IBC Table 503.

Building Area Modifiers Building area modifications applicable by occupancy type:

IBC 202

Project: Car Brand Experience Center

UT CoAD Codes Analysis

Page 3 of 10

1 2 1 3

S-1 has a 3 hour rating and is a potential occupancy within the mixed use; 2hr satisfies A

No if levels of exit discharge are equipped with an automatic sprinkler system no no no

9/5/2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Zoning CODE ANALYSIS

Project: Car Brand Experience Center

IBC 708.1

Dwelling Units Separation Other (note as required for project) Area of Refuge:

IBC 709, 1007.6.2 IBC 710

Smoke Barriers Smoke Partitions

(where applicable)

n/a

Date: 08/ 25/2021

CODE ANALYSIS

n/a 0; with sprinkler system

MEANS OF EGRESS Occupant Load

IBC 1004.1.2

IBC 1003.2

CODE ANALYSIS

Project: Car Brand Experience Center

Date: 08/ 25/2021

IBC 1009.5

Egress Height Clearances

IBC 1003.3.1

OPENINGS IBC 705.8

Unprot Protected

0-3 ft. np np North actual

Maximum Area of Exterior Wall Openings based on Fire Separation Distance Fire Separation Distance (See 702 for definition) 3-5 ft. 5-10 ft. 10-15 ft. 15-20 ft. 20-25 ft. 25-30 ft. np 10 15 25 45 70 15 25 45 75 no limit no limit List Actual areas of Exterior Wall Openings for Each Façade North East actual East West actual West South actual allowable allowable Allowable

Sep. Dist. Unprot. 0 Opngs. Total Façade % #DIV/0! Special Notes (if applicable):

IBC 1003.3.1,ADA

over 30 ft. no limit not required

IBC 1008.1.1

South allowable

IBC 1003.3.2, ADA

IBC 1005.7.1

IBC 1003.3, ADA IBC 1003.3 Exc.

IBC 1005.7.1

#DIV/0!

Type of Assembly

Barrier Shafts Exit Stairs Corridors (Other) (Other) (Other)

Opening Fire Protection Assemblies, Ratings and Markings (Note: "Fire Protected" refers to typical hollow metal steel framed assemblies and non-ceramic glazing) Assembly Min. Door / Max. Door Fire Rated Sidelight / Sidelight/Tr Sidelight/Tra Sidelight/Tra Rating Shutter vision panel Glazing nsom nsom Glazing Transom "Fire ansom "Fire Rating size Marking for Protection" Glazing Marking "Fire Resistance Door Vision Rating Marking Resistance" " rating Panel "Fire Protection"

Egress Widths

IBC 1018.2 IBC 1005.3.1

IBC 1009.4 IBC 1007.3 IBC 1008.1.1 IBC 1008.1.1 IBC 1008.1.8 IBC 1008.1.2

Doors

ADA

IBC 1016

UT CoAD Codes Analysis

Page 4 of 10

9/5/2021

Travel Path

UT CoAD Codes Analysis

Fall 2021

Date: 08/ 25/2021

(Refer to IBC Table 004.1.2 to identify detailed room occupancy types and generate occupant loads for each space in Life Safety Plans. Use these numbers in sizing egress components.) Minimum General Headroom: Minimum Headroom at Stairs: Protruding Object Clearance (Height): Barrier for areas below 80" high:

Min. Height of Door Opening: Max. Overhang of Post Mtd. Objects: Max. Projection of Objects from wall: Max. allowable handrail projection: Maximum Door Encroachment on Egress when fully open: Maximum Door Encroachment on Egress in any position:

#DIV/0!

IBC 1005.3.2 IBC 716.5

Projections, Encroachments

Project: Car Brand Experience Center

80 in 80in 80 in leading edge of barrier shall be located 27in maximum above floor 80 in 4in 4in 4.5 in 7in shall not reduce the width by more than one-half

Min. Egress Width Per Occupant:

0.2in multiple by occupancy load

Min. Corridor Width: Min. Stair Width Per Occupant:

44in multiple occupant load by means of egress capacity factor of 0.3in

Minimum Stair Width: Minimum Width of Accessible Stair: Min. Width at Door Openings: Max. Width of Swinging Door Leaf: Minimum Distance between 2 doors: Can doors swing against direction of egress travel?

44in 48in 32in 48in 48in yes but they need to be in the direction of egress travel when serving a room or area containing an occupant load of 50 or more persons or a Group H occupancy

Door latch side clearance required at pull-side

18in required but 24in preferred

Maximum Exit Access Travel Distance: 250

Page 6 of 10

this is dependent on what occupancy?

9/5/2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Zoning CODE ANALYSIS

Project: Car Brand Experience Center

IBC 1014.2 (1)

Intervening Rooms Permitted within Exit Access:

egress from a room or space shall not pass through ajoining or intervening rooms or areas, except where such adjoining rooms or areas and the area served are accessory to one or the other, are not a Group H occupancy and provide a discernible path of egress travel

IBC 1014.2(2)

Intervening Rooms in Egress Allowed to Lock?

IBC 1014.2 (3-4)

Intervening Rooms Prohibited within Exit Access:

? It only states what is not prohibited

IBC 1015.2.1

Minimum Separation distance between exit doors or exit exit/exit access doors: access doorways shall be placed a distance apart equal to not less than one-half of the length of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of the building or area served measured in a straight line between exit doors or exit access doorways

IBC 1014.3

Maximum Common Path of Travel:

IBC 1018.4

Maximum Dead End Corridor:

UT CoAD Codes Analysis

Page 7 of 10

Date: 08/ 25/2021

CODE ANALYSIS

Project: Car Brand Experience Center

IBC 1018.6

Intervening Rooms Permitted within corridors:

foyers, lobbies, or reception rooms

IBC 1021.1-2

Min. # exits/exit access per story: Is Luminous Egress Path Marking Required?

2 yes

IBC 1024.1

Fall 2021

Date: 08/ 25/2021

75? Dependent on occupancy 20ft

9/5/2021

UT CoAD Codes Analysis

Page 8 of 10

9/5/2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Zoning CODE ANALYSIS IBC 1003.5

Ramps

Project: Car Brand Experience Center Ramps required below which level change dimension?

Date: 08/ 25/2021

where slope is greater than one unit vertical in 20 units horizontal

CODE ANALYSIS

Project: Car Brand Experience Center

IBC 1012.2

Max. height to top of handrail: Min. handrail extension at top of stair: Min. handrail extension at bottom of stair:

38in 12in 12in

Requirements to allow 50% of occupants to exit from exit stairs through main Level of Exit Discharge spaces

(describe approach used in project if applicable)

Max. Level Change allowed without Guard:

30in

IBC 1013.3

Min. Height of Guard:

42in

IBC 1013.4

Max. Opening Size within a Guard:

shall not have openings which allow passage of a sphere 4in in diameter from the walking surface to the required guard height

Accessibility

Is an area of refuge required? Wheelchair Space size: Is an elevator required by code?

yes 30in by 48in where a required accessible floor is four or more stories above or below a level of exit discharge, at least one required accessible means of egress shall be an elevator

Exit Signs

Are exit signs required over all exit doors?

Not particularly, exit signs are not required in rooms or areas that require only one exit or exit access; main exterior exit doors or gates that are obviously and clearly identifiable as exits need not have exit signs where approved by the building official

IBC 1012.6 IBC 1012.6 IBC 1027.1

IBC 1010.3

Max. slope of ramps:

8 percent slope

IBC 1010.5

Max. vertical rise of ramps: Min. ramp rise requiring handrails: Steps in doorways allowed?

30in 6in Yes? If there is variation in elevation due to differences in finish materials but no more than 0.5in

IBC 1010.9 IBC 1008.1.5-6

Stairs

IBC 1013.2

IBC 1007.6 IBC 1007.6.1

Guards

IBC 1007.2.1 IBC 1009.7, ADA IBC 1009.7, ADA IBC 1009.7, ADA IBC 1009.7.5.1,ADA IBC 1009.7.4 IBC 1009.8 IBC 1009.8 IBC 1009.9.3

Riser Height Minimum: Riser Height Maximum: Tread Depth Minimum (rectangular): Max. Nosing Overhang: Max. Riser differential allowed in stair: Minimum stair landing depth (if straight run): Minimum stair landing depth (if switchback): Under-stair enclosure requirements:

4in 7in 11in 9/16in 3/8in 48in 48in The walls and soffits within enclosed usable spaces under enclosed and unenclosed stairways shall be protected by 1hr fire resistance rated construction or the fire resistance rating of the stairway enclosure, whichever is greater. Access to the enclosed space shall not be directly from within the stair enclosure.

IBC 1011.1

IBC 1009.9.4

Max. vertical rise allowed without intermediate landings:

12ft

IBC 1012.2

Min. height to top of handrail:

34in

UT CoAD Codes Analysis

Page 9 of 10

9/5/2021

UT CoAD Codes Analysis

Fall 2021

Date: 08/ 25/2021

Max. Distance between exit signs along 100ft egress:

Page 10 of 10

9/5/2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Anatomy

Physiology

Fall 2021

Programming

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Programming

Fall 2021

Program A

Site [Conditions and connections within the larger neighborhood and urban context driving the relationship of building to landscape to extent of navigation and occupation of site]

Experience Center [The building/buildings conveying the image of General Motors and the company’s role in producing iconic cars prompting the intersection of idealized Americana and consumerism.

Specific components: Multi-purpose pavilion (1)

Total 1,000 sqft

Conditions (exists in a landscape condition public reclaiming past industry)

Lobby

(1)

500 sqft

(guides two differing circulation paths)

Restaurant

(1)

5,000 sqft

(challenges occupation cycling with night considerations)

Memorabilia

(1)

300 sqft

(consumerism?)

Museum

(varies) 36,100 sqft

(to preserve and protect the automobile collective)

Auditorium

(1)

10,800 sqft

(connect education and thematic experience of museum)

Admin offices

(9)

1500 sqft

Conference Rooms

(1)

600 sqft

Specific components: Parking garage Landscape/park infill Track/proposed highway and bridge connection

(within business sector)

Classrooms (10) 6000 sqft

(supports outreach programs and engages community to design, create, make next to GM’s engineers)

Library/Archive

(1)

600 sqft

(preservation of history and exploration of future)

Lounge

(1)

600 sqft

(within business and education sector)

Circulation Toilets (26)

as required 2,000 sqft

Subtotal

65,000 sqft

Service

Specific components: Service Mechanical Loading Dock

Maximum total building gross square foot area not to exceed

as required as required 4,800 sqft 70,155 sqft

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Programming

Design Drivers

Fall 2021

Program Response to Design Drivers

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Programming

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Physioatomy is the structure and relationship between parts. As program blocks become individual organs encapsulating a larger working system, each component fulfills an important role. One central, long spine [the main exhibition and gallery space] anchors supporting program as each ‘building’ forms a mirco condition within the marco condition of entering a space-taking structure [structure encompassing intermediating conditions such as landscape]. Each component responds to programmatically driven siting with climatic conditions orienting each block. For example, auditorium seems just to place next to service space since an auditorium naturally needs little fenestration, making sight lines out unnecessary.

Fall 2021

Life Safety

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Life Safety

Program Specifics

Fall 2021

Occupancy Classifications

Site [Conditions and connections within the larger neighborhood and urban context driving the relationship of building to landscape to extent of navigation and occupation of site]

Experience Center [The building/buildings conveying the image of General Motors and the company’s role in producing iconic cars prompting the intersection of idealized Americana and consumerism.

Specific components: Multi-purpose pavilion (1)

Total 1,000 sqft

Conditions (exists in a landscape condition public reclaiming past industry)

Lobby

(1)

500 sqft

(guides two differing circulation paths)

Restaurant

(1)

5,000 sqft

Memorabilia

(1)

300 sqft

Museum

Experience Center

(challenges occupation cycling with night considerations)

Specific components: Multi-purpose pavilion - Lobby B Restaurant A-2 Memorabilia M Museum A-3 Auditorium A-3 Admin offices B Conference Rooms B Classrooms B Library/Archive A-3 Lounge B Circulation Toilets -

(consumerism?)

Service

(varies) 36,100 sqft

(to preserve and protect the automobile collective)

Auditorium

(1)

10,800 sqft

(connect education and thematic experience of museum)

Admin offices

(9)

1500 sqft

Specific components: Service Mechanical Loading Dock

Conference Rooms

(1)

600 sqft

Circulation

Specific components: Parking garage Landscape/park infill Track/proposed highway and bridge connection

(within business sector)

Classrooms (10) 6000 sqft

(supports outreach programs and engages community to design, create, make next to GM’s engineers)

Library/Archive

(1)

600 sqft

(preservation of history and exploration of future)

Lounge

(1)

600 sqft

(within business and education sector)

Circulation Toilets (26)

as required 2,000 sqft

Subtotal

65,000 sqft

Service

Specific components: Service Mechanical Loading Dock

Maximum total building gross square foot area not to exceed

(open to exterior Assembly) (accessory)

S-1 S-1 S-1

as required as required 4,800 sqft 70,155 sqft

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Life Safety

Fall 2021

*Max travel distance of 250ft with sprinklered system

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Life Safety

Fall 2021

life safety first floor

life safety second floor 81

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

As the project responds to themes of industrialization and modernism in conjunction with consumerism and environmental impact, the structural design echoes the beauty of the wall separating from the column. The walls become objects in space weaving through a structural grid indicating the technology of steel. Egress and mechanical cores act stereotomic and anchor program blocks in their neck-like connections. A pure plan investigating the relationship between mass and light, function and geometry, poetry and assemblage results in a project shaped by modernism and materiality but considers the life cycle of building and materials.

Fall 2021

Structural Design

“Architecture starts when you carefully put two bricks together. There it begins.”

-Mies van der Rohe

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Structural Design

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Structural Design

Fall 2021

The structure grid is laid on a 20’ x 20’ grid. By using columns and truss systems, the structure can become free from the façade allowing for the façade to become a transparent material. The goal for using a structure free from the façade was to give the project freedom to expose the program space to as much daylighting as possible, due to the structure running north and south.

first floor structural grid

second floor structural grid 84

then imported into Grasshopper and used to define the supports W12X106 I W US STEEL [columns] from the digital model. The live and dead load were then W12X136 I W US STEEL calculated to find the total load per a floor. Then displacement which America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Structural Design over a 20′0 span, the allowable maximum displacement (deflection) W12X152 I W US STEEL under load (live and dead) would be L/360th, in this case 1.1. Then W12X170 I W US STEEL the initial cross section was defined. These components allowed W12X190 I W US STEEL Karamba to optimize the cross section and display each idealized beam within the model. W12X210 I W US STEEL W12X230

STEEL

W12X279

STEEL

W12X305

STEEL

W14X342

STEEL

W14X370

STEEL

W14X500

STEEL

W14X605

STEEL

W36X441

STEEL

Fall 2021

Shear Diagram

Right: Cross sections used in model Below: Cross section diagram

A DVA N CI N G CU RTA I N WA L L T ECH N O LO GY

BEAMS AND COLUMNS ST RUCT U RA L A N A LYS I S | CO M PU TAT I O N A L D ES I G N

Objective: To understand and analyze steel framing through computational structural analysis.

The assignment utilizes The Lever House Tower completed in 1952, as one of the first glass-walled International Style buildings in New York City. The structure, as a whole, is comprised as two intersecting masses that balance in proportion but not in shape. This assignment analyzes a typical office floor with 30’ column spacing and a non-structural service cores. Beams were modeled in Rhino in correspondence to the office floor plan. The beams were then imported into Grasshopper and used to define the supports [columns] from the digital model. The live and dead load were then calculated to find the total load per a floor. Then displacement which over a 20′0 span, the allowable maximum displacement (deflection) The structure, as a whole,under is comprised as two ARCH 363 (DESIGN IMP LEMENTATION 10 load (live and dead) would be L/360th, in this case 1.1. Then intersecting masses thatthe balance insection proportion butThese not components in shape. allowed Beams initial cross was defined. Karamba to optimize the cross section and plan. display The each idealized were modeled in Rhino in correspondence to the floor beams beam within the model.

were then imported into Grasshopper and used to define the supports [columns] from the digital model. The live and dead load were then calculated to find the total load per a floor. Then displacement which over a 20’0 span, the allowable maximum displacement (deflection) under load (live and dead) would be L/360th, in this case 1.1. Then the initial cross section was defined. These components allowed Karamba to optimize the cross section and display each idealized beam within the model.

CROSS SEC-

TYPE

FAMILY

COUNTRY

MATERIAL

W5X16

STEEL

W5X19

STEEL

W6X20

STEEL

W6X25

STEEL

W8X24

STEEL

W8X31

STEEL

W8X58

STEEL

W8X67

STEEL

W10X68

STEEL

W10X77

STEEL

W10X100

STEEL

W10X112

STEEL

W12X106

STEEL

W12X136

STEEL

W12X152 I W III) | SP RIN G 2021 | MAGED GUERGUIS

STEEL MODULE 2 — BEAMS AND CO

TION NAME

Moment Diagram

W12X170

STEEL

W12X190

STEEL

W12X210

STEEL

W12X230

STEEL

W12X279

STEEL

W12X305

STEEL

W14X342

STEEL

W14X370

STEEL

W14X500

STEEL

W14X605

STEEL

W36X441

STEEL

Right: Cross sections used in model Below: Cross section diagram

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Structural Design

Fall 2021

continuation of the street in altered space The foundations are pillions that lift the structure above grade by 3’, this is due to the soil type in Kansas City [red clay]. Carving out a cavity allowed the floor to feed HVAC and piping through floor vents for the museum spine.

foundation plan 86

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Structural Design

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Structural Design

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Structural Design

Fall 2021

Slab Curtain Wall

Space Truss

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Structural Design

Fall 2021

Mullion

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Kansas City has a mixed-humid 4A climate. Capitalizing on natural ventilation from southwestern summer winds, an operable facade lines the building and acts as a shield from southeastern winter winds [working with vegetation blockage]. Passive strategies, in example thermal gain, in conjunction with a VAV system allow for user control and optimized thermal comfort. Mechanical and telecommunication rooms rest in the basement and are attached to mechanical, electrical, and plumbing chases that feed into each differing program block [these are placed with the core ‘neck’ connections]. The interplay of service spaces and user spaces integrates systems in a concealed yet experiential moment of navigating through a core which is internally indistinguishable to occupants but architecturally articulates form and function of components embracing the holistic.

Fall 2021

HVAC

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm HVAC

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm HVAC

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm HVAC

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm HVAC

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm HVAC

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America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm HVAC

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm HVAC

Fall 2021

HVAC is feed through the basement floor through core components into floor cavity. [invisibility of occupant]

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm HVAC

Fall 2021

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Fall 2021

Programming establishes the needs and requirements for all the functions in the building and their relationship to one another. By placing spaces in the most advantageous position for daylighting, thermal comfort, and solar integration the design maximizes energy savings. For optimal daylighting and solar utilization, the building site allows for an elongated eastwest configuration with little to no solar obstruction during 9 am to 5 pm. The longest facades face north and south so that the building can take full advantage of indirect sunlight [without glare and direct solar heat gain] from the north and controlled direct solar heat gain from the south. While direct solar heat gain at east and west-facing glazing can be minimized with exterior shading during the months that a building is mechanically cooled. Five Principles the project is dissecting and integrating:

Energy Study

1. Continuous insulation breaks thermal bridging between inside and out [and what that looks like through a double facade]. 2. Airtight construction stopping heat and moisture. 3. Optimized windows keep heat in and out and maximize views and occupant comfort. 4. Balanced ventilation ensures fresh air and controls moisture. 5. Minimal mechanical hidden in between floor cavity to reduce occupant visibility. Target EUI is 19 based on 70% reduction.

100

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Energy Study

Fall 2021

101

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Energy Study

Fall 2021

Current Climate Conditions

Kansas City is within climate zone 4A. The city lies in the northern periphery of the humid subtropical zone, but is interchangeable with the humid continental climate due to roughly 104 air frosts on average per annum. The city is facing a critical issue of heat island effect and mitigating future destruction to the ecosystem. Heat islands can develop because of buildings, roads and a lack of open land or vegetation. A 1999 report ranked the Kansas City metro area first with the most freeway lane miles per capita than any other large metropolitan area in the U.S., according to The Public Purpose journal. Partnering with the Greater Kansas City Chamber of Commerce and other organizations, the city is implementing the City Energy Project, a three-year initiative of the Natural Resources Defense Council and Institute for Market Transformation to promote energy efficiency improvements in large commercial buildings. Kansas City is one of 10 cities nationwide in the program. Buildings are responsible for more than 50 percent of all carbon emissions in Kansas City and much of the energy consumed in these buildings is wasted. The site is orientated in a position to redefine “green design” within the cityscape and reengage the riverfront is a sustainable way.

102

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Energy Study

Project Name: Project Location: Team Members:

Fall 2021

GM Experience Kansas City, Kansas MC, KP, SV

IECC Requirements Summary CLIMATE ZONE 4A TABLE C402.1.2 OPAQUE THERMAL ENVELOPE ASSEMBLY REQUIREMENTS All Other Group R

TABLE C402.2 OPAQUE THERMAL ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS All Other Group R

Roofs Insulation entirely above deck Metal buildings (with R-5 thermal blocks) Attic and other

U-0.039 U-0.035 U-0.027

R-25ci R-19+R-11 LS R-38

U-0.104 U-0.052 U-0.064 U-0.064

U-0.090 U-0.052 U-0.064 U-0.064

R-9.5ci R-13+R-13ci R-13+R-7.5ci

R-11.4ci R-13+R-13ci R-13+R-7.5ci

Below-grade wall

C-0.119

R-7.5ci

Mass Joist/framing

U-0.076 U-0.033

U-0.074 U-0.033

R-10ci R-30

R-10.4ci R-30

F-0.54 F-0.65

R-10 for 24" below

R-15 for 24" below

U-0.61 R-4.75

U-0.61 R4.75

Walls, Above Grade Massc Metal building Metal framed Wood framed and other

R-13+R-3.8ci or R-20

Walls, Below Grade Floors

TABLE C402.3 BUILDING ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS: FENESTRATION Vertical fenestration U-factor Fixed fenestration Operable fenestration Entrance doors SHGC SHGC Skylights U-factor SHGC

0.38 0.45 0.77 0.4 0.5 0.4

Formit Insight Base Building Preliminary Design [Before Rotation of Scheme] Establishing a Baseline

Energy performance of the building is at a 17 which is below the base target defined as 19 by the EUI. Alterations to HVAC, window/wall ratio, and wall construction individually reduce the energy target by less than 1 point. Our original intention in orienting the buildings was to capitalize on a long east-west axis to maximize daylighting and thermal gains. Wind enters the site through southwestern flow and creating a campus allows for a breezeway and plaza condition in between the experience center and education sector.

Slab-on-Grade Floors Unheated slabs Heated slabsd Opaque Doors Swinging Roll-up or sliding

EUI - Energy Use Intensity BASELINE EUI 19 https:\zerotool.org\zerotool\

TARGET 70% REDUCTION 70

103

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Energy Study

Fall 2021

Formit Insight Final Building [After Rotation of Scheme] Energy performance of the building is at a 17 which is below the base target defined as 19 by the EUI. Alterations to HVAC, window/wall ratio, and wall construction individually reduce the energy target by less than 1 point.

Areas of interest for maximum reduction are window glazing being altered to triple low e or double low e and HVAC system changing to high efficiency heat pump or high efficiency package unit. Glazing alterations are already in practice but not modeled through Formit software [the program is primitive and relies on basic massing]. The project currently utilizes a VAV system for HVAC due to more precise temperature control, reduced compressor wear, lower energy consumption by system fans, less fan noise, and additional passive dehumidification. The scale of conditioned space is quite large and in order to provide optimal user control in needed spaces VAV is the easiest system to manage. Roof insulation is another source of target EUI reduction. There is no significant difference between R-10 through R-60 in EUI reduction, so utilizing the most cost effective seems logical. Rotating scheme 40 degrees clockwise became a critical move for daylight responsiveness of architecture, thermal gain of fenestration, and play of brilliance with lighting.

104

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Energy Study

Fall 2021

125°F

125 mm

100°F

100 mm

75°F

75 mm

50°F

50 mm

25°F

25 mm

0°F

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

0 mm

30 days

25 days

20 days

15 days

10 days

5 days

0 days

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

>17 mph

105

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

Fall 2021

On average, one third of the energy used in buildings may be consumed by electric lighting. Good daylighting design can reduce electricity consumption for lighting and improve standards of visual comfort, health and amenity for the occupants. Daylighting should not fight solar radiation but comprehensively engage the facade in a spectacular way. As vision is the most developed sense and spans across cultural translation [seen through painting, sculpture, and photography] architecture conspires a performance of user comfort and spectacle. With rigorous modeling, GM experience center aims to separate programmatic components and their relationship to daylighting through each component’s desired needs. For example, a library tends to resist daylighting due to the nature of objects occupying the programmatic space while a business block filled with offices urges articulate daylighting techniques to consider occupants well-being. With this logical thinking each program component within their own typology was considered first and then its relationship at large. The ideology allots detail specific programmatic moves that inform the overall scheme before any building detailing occurs and orchestrates easier workflow for building detailing due to issues being resolved in preliminary stages.

Daylighting

As energy modeling indicated a need for a more efficient facade, a secondary layer of metal mesh attaches to the curtain wall of the experience center. While occupants can see out, the exterior becomes a blurred wrapper of what one might imagine to be housed inside. As night approaches, up lighting in between glass and fabric mesh displays a glowing box of shining cars. “We are born of light. The seasons are felt through light. We only know the world as it is evoked by light.”

-Le Corbusier

106

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Daylighting

Fall 2021

107

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Daylighting

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108

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Daylighting

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109

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Daylighting

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110

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Daylighting

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111

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Daylighting

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112

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Daylighting

Fall 2021

Daylighting Offices

Fenestration within 6ft of working surfaces

113

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm

The indication of how clear the visual boundary between interior and exterior is explored through materiality of facade. As General Motors festers a curiosity of technology, a glowing facade wrapping shining cars encompasses the feeling of redefining the company’s position within the community. Transparency of the glaze, transparency of the architecture, and transparency of the company alleviate and reconsider what car culture means within Kansas City. Economizing material cost through a reduced palette of 4 main materials: steel, glass, metal mesh, and concrete simplifies the means of construction and its impact on material life cycle.

Fall 2021

Envelope

114

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Envelope

Fall 2021

115

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Envelope

Fall 2021

116

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Envelope

Fall 2021

Metal Mesh

117

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Envelope

Fall 2021

Curtain Wall Facade system designed for construction of lightweight cladding systems – flat curtain walls, infill walls and other spatial structures. The 60 mm wide mullions and transoms enable construction of aesthetic facades with exposed narrow division lines while ensuring durability and strength of the structure. The system enables flush installation of the mullions and transoms on the outside surface and offers a choice of external appearances. Good thermal insulation owing to a wide glazing range and the available thermal breaks and accessories reduces solar heat gain without sacrificing occupant views.

118

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Envelope

Fall 2021

Concrete Panels

119

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Envelope

Fall 2021

Sourcing of Raw Materials

Material Ingredients

Fill in all columns with applicable material data for all attempted options. If the option is not attempted, leave the column blank. General Information (from Materials tab)

Option 1 Raw Material Source and Extraction Reporting

Fill in all columns with applicable material data for all attempted options. If the option is not attempted, leave the column blank. General Information (from Materials tab)

Is the material structure or enclosure?

Material Description

Material Cost ($)

Extended Producer Responsibility Material Description

Option 2 Material Ingredient Optimization

Option 1 Material Ingredient Reporting

Sustainable Criteria Value Subtotal ($)

Does the entire product meet local criteria?

Certification Program

Type of Reporting

Total Sustainable Criteria Value with Location Valuation Factor ($)

Is the material structure or enclosure?

Material Cost ($)

0 Metal Mesh 0 Curtain Wall System 0 Concrete panels

enclosure

encolurse

enclosure

0 Steel beams

structure

Metal Mesh

Yes

200.00

Cradle to Cradle

Cradle to Cradle v3 Platinum

Yes

300.00

600.00

Curtain Wall

Yes

75.00

Manf Inv – GS

GreenScreen v1.2 Assessment

112.50

Concrete panels

Yes

20.00

Manf Inv – GHS

GreenScreen v1.2 List Translator

20.00

Steel beams

Yes

300.00

Manf Inv – GS

GreenScreen v1.2 List Translator

300.00

Total sustainable criteria value with location valuation factor

Total number of products

Corporate Sustainability Report Type

Weighted Sustainable Criteria Value (#)

Extended Producer Responsibility Closed Loop or Take Back Program Name

Percent Extended Producer Responsibility (%)

Bio-based Materials Sustainable Criteria Value ($)

Percent Meeting Sustainable Agriculture Network Standard (%)

Wood Products Percent FSC Certified (%)

Sustainable Criteria Value ($)

Materials Reuse

Sustainable Criteria Value ($)

Percent Salvaged or Reused (%)

Recycled Content

Sustainable Criteria Value ($)

Percent Post-Consumer (%)

Sustainable Criteria Value ($)

Manufacturer Declared

0.5

GKD in house

0.00% $

Manufacturer Declared

0.5

USGBC

20.00

Manufacturer Declared

0.5

USGBC

Manufacturer Declared

0.5

USGBC

0 0 0

0 0

Total value

200.00

Yes

200.00

Total Sustainable Criteria Value with Location Valuation Factor ($)

75.00

0.00% $

Sustainable Criteria Value Subtotal ($)

Does the entire product meet local criteria?

300.00

Total value

100.00%

Percent Pre-Consumer (%)

200.00

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Option 2 Leadership Extraction Practices

Total sustainable criteria value with location valuation factor

400.00

1,032.50

Material Information Enter product and material information for those included in MR Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Environmental Product Declarations, MR Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization -Sourcing of Raw Materials, and MR Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients. All permanently installed building products contributing toward credit compliance are required to be included in all building product disclosure and optimization credits. Optional products and materials, such as MEP, are not required to be included. However, if they are, they will be included consistently across all cost-based Materials and Resources credits.

Summary

Product and materials cost includes all taxes and expenses to deliver the material to the project site incurred by the contractor but excludes any cost for labor and equipment required for installation after the material is delivered to the site. Product and materials cost equals the cost per item multiplied by number of items purchased. The cost of salvaged, reused or reclaimed materials is either the actual cost paid or the replacement value, whichever is higher.

Note: All information on this tab is READ-ONLY. To edit, see previous tabs.

Total materials cost ($)

MR Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Environmental Product Declarations

Material Description

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

CSI Div (optional)

Is the material structure or enclosure?

Description of Material

Manufacturer Name

Option 1. Environmental Product Declaration

Material Cost ($)

Weighted number of products with EPD

Option 2. Multi-Attribute Optimization

Metal Mesh

Yes

metal mesh providing a secondary layer of resistance to solar raditation on curtain wall system

GKD

200.00

Curtain Wall

Yes

Curtain wall system to allow for views of downtown

Aluprof

75.00

Total sustainable criteria value of products with multi-attribute optimization

Concrete panels

Yes

precast concrete panels that accompany curtain wall system on façade of supporting program components Rieder

20.00

Sustainable criteria value as a percentage of total materials cost

Steel beams

Yes

beams supporting structure

300.00

Steel Dynamics

357.00 0%

For projects with structure and enclosure materials

A Total value of sustainable materials (unweighted)

Total materials cost

Total structure and enclosure materials sustainable criteria value with location valuation factor

1,190.00

Total sustainable criteria value with location valuation factor

1,190.00

Structure and enclosure materials sustainable criteria value claimed (capped at 30%)

357.00

595.00 -

MR Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Sourcing of Raw Materials

Option 1. Raw Material Source and Extraction Reporting

Weighted number of products with raw material source and extraction reports

Option 2. Leadership Extraction Practices

Total sustainable criteria value of products with leadership extraction practices

Environmental Product Declarations

Sustainable criteria value as a percentage of total materials cost

Complete all columns with applicable material data for the attempted options. If the option is not attempted, leave the column blank.

Total structure and enclosure materials sustainable criteria value with location valuation factor

Total sustainable criteria value with location valuation factor

400.00

Structure and enclosure materials sustainable criteria value claimed (capped at 30%)

For projects with structure and enclosure materials

General Information (from Materials tab)

Material Description

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Option 1 Environmental Product Declaration

Is the material structure or enclosure?

Material Cost

Metal Mesh

Yes

Curtain Wall

Yes

Concrete panels

Yes

Steel beams

Yes

U S Green Building Council

EPD Program Operator

Option 2 Multi-Attribute Optimization

EPD Type

Weighted EPD Value (#)

Third Party Certification Program

Does the entire product meet local criteria?

Total Sustainable Criteria Value with Location Valuation Factor ($)

200.00

EPD Certified

Industry-wide (generic)

0.50

LEED Certified

Yes

400.00

75.00

EPD Certified

Industry-wide (generic)

0.50

LEED Certified

Yes

150.00

20.00

EPD Certified

Industry-wide (generic)

0.50

LEED Certified

Yes

40.00

300.00

EPD Certified

Product-specific

0.25

LEED Certified

Yes

600.00

Weighted number of products with EPD

Material Ingredients

Total sustainable criteria value with location valuation factor

MR Credit Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients

Option 1. Material Ingredient Reporting

Number of products meeting material ingredient reporting requirements

Option 2. Material Ingredient Optimization

Total sustainable criteria value of products with material ingredient optimization

Sustainable criteria value as a percentage of total materials cost

309.75 0%

For projects with structure and enclosure materials

Total structure and enclosure materials sustainable criteria value with location valuation factor

1,032.50

Total sustainable criteria value with location valuation factor

1,032.50

Structure and enclosure materials sustainable criteria value claimed (capped at 30%)

309.75

1,190.00

LEEDTM Material Tracker U S Green Building Council

Sourcing of Raw Materials

LEEDTM Material Tracker

120

America’s Suburban Experiment in Microcosm Envelope

Fall 2021

Sustainability and LEED Potential Using Stainless Steel Metal Fabrics

does not require a surface coating that can deteriorate and possibly pollute the environment; does not require hazardous cleaning products to maintain; is 100% recyclable, retaining its inherent qualities throughout the recycling process; is low maintenance.

Our approach As responsible members of our many communities, GKD-USA’s key objectives include sustainability in the broadest sense and protection of the environment.

GKD metal fabrics are non-corrosive, durable, heat, fire and impact resistant and sustainable for all climates and environments.

We commit to: Foster employee awareness of environmental responsibilities. Consider environmental impacts when evaluating new products, technologies and manufacturing processes.

GKD metal fabrics utilized as a building façade or skin mitigates intense sunlight while providing shade and ventilation for energy savings through reduced HVAC ;

Implement conservation of natural resources, pollution prevention and waste minimization.

providing usable natural light for energy savings.

Encourage research of manufacturing and environmental technologies utilizing long-lasting, recyclable, stainless steel mesh. Respond appropriately to community and customer requests. Ensure that products and facilities contribute to a sustainable environment. Implement manufacturing and production processes that protect the environment. Utilize packaging that can be recycled and reused. With respect to our product line of stainless steel metal fabrics: Stainless steel is a sustainable product. Stainless steel used in GKD metal fabrics contains greater than 60% post-industrial and post-consumer content recycled material. Recyclability directly correlates with minimization of waste. Recycling stainless steel involves no health hazardous materials. Utilizing GKD metal fabrics is an environmentally responsible and resource efficient choice.

GKD-USA, Inc.

825 Chesapeake Drive

Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients – 1 to 2 Points. Intent: To encourage the use

Stainless steel

LEED Points Using GKD products on your project can contribute to your LEED points. Below is guidance to assist you in this endeavor. Remember, in all cases, the stainless steel fabric raw materials are significantly composed of postconsumer and post-industrial content. A very important point to consider about stainless steel is the readily available and active metal markets in place to facilitate re-use of the product.

of products and materials for which life-cycle information is available and that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life-cycle impacts. To reward project teams for selecting products for which the chemical ingredients in the product are inventoried using an accepted methodology and for selecting products verified to minimize the use and generation of harmful substances. To reward raw material manufacturers who produce products verified to have improved life-cycle impacts. The cable and materials of Metal Fabrics are typically 60% recycled materials and 40% new materials. During manufacturing 100% of the scrap or unused material is recycled. The material is 100% recyclable whenever it reaches its’ useful life.

Building Product Disclosure and Optimization Environmental Product Declarations – 1 to 2 Points. Intent: To encourage the use of products and materials for which life-cycle information is available and that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life-cycle impacts. To reward project teams for selecting products from manufacturers who have verified improved environmental life-cycle impacts. Building Life-Cycle Impact Reduction – 1 to 5 Points. Intent: To encourage adaptive reuse and optimize the environmental performance of products and materials.

LEED Points Potential - New Construction, Schools, Healthcare, Commercial Interiors and Retail. (Please consult USGBC LEED guidance for your specific project):

Building Reuse – 1 Point. Intent: Extend the lifecycle of existing building stock, conserve resources, retain cultural resources, reduce waste and reduce environmental impacts of new buildings as they relate to materials manufacturing and transport.

Optimize Energy Performance – Up to 20 points. Intent: Increase levels of energy performance above the baseline to reduce environmental and economic impacts associated with excessive energy use.

An existing building can be fitted with a façade of GKD material for a long-lasting, new appearance with the same benefits of sun shading and energy savings of a new building.

GKD metal fabric utilized as a veil or exterior façade reduces solar heat gain by shading the building, thus reducing the energy required to power HVAC systems. Metal fabric allows the transmission of natural light providing effective internal illumination while reducing the related energy costs.

Daylight – 1 to 3 Points. Intent: To connect building occupants with the outdoors, reinforce circadian rhythms, and reduce the use of electrical lighting by introducing daylight into the space.

Cambridge MD 21613

410.221.0542

www.gkdmetalfabrics.com

LEED Accredited Professional – 1 Point. Intent: To encourage the team integration required by a LEED project and to streamline the application and certification process. GKD maintains professionals of all types on staff, including LEED certified individuals. It is highly probable that your project already has LEED certified members on board. Light Pollution Reduction – 1 point. Intent: To increase

night sky access, improve nighttime visibility, and reduce the consequences of development for wildlife and people. A GKD fabric façade on the outside of a building helps to control light intensities from natural and unnatural sources. Reasonable light is allowed to pass and visibility to the outside is allowed. Acoustic Performance – 1 to 2 points. Intent: To provide

workspaces and classrooms that promote occupants’ well-being, productivity, and communications through effective acoustic design. GKD attractive and durable acoustic ceiling systems provide noise reduction and control.

Quality Views – 1 to 2 Points. Intent: To give building occupants a connection to the natural outdoor environment by providing quality views. Transparency of a metal fabric façade allows for a clear view while shading light and heat.

Metal Mesh [Sustainability]

The use of a metal fabric façade has the benefit of connecting occupants with indoor and outdoor spaces. Undeniably, this leads to greater productivity, healthier environments, increased airflow and shading.

GKD-USA, Inc.

825 Chesapeake Drive

Cambridge MD 21613

410.221.0542

www.gkdmetalfabrics.com

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Curtain Wall [Sustainability]

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Concrete Panels [Sustainability]

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Rieder Group Rieder Group

Product sustainability factfact sheet fibreC Product sustainability sheet fibreC Technical data data Technical Description Value Value Description Gross density EN/DIN 12467/ 2.0 – 2.42 Gross /DIN density EN 12467/ 2.0 – 2.42 E-module (longitudinal) /DIN EN 12467/ 10,000-30,000 E-module (longitudinal) /DIN EN 12467/ 10,000-30,000 BendingBending tensile strength /DIN EN/DIN 12467/ 4/ tensile strength EN category 12467/ category 4/ >18,0 >18,0 ThermalThermal conductivity 2.0 conductivity 2.0 Coefficient of thermal expansion /DIN 51045/ 10*10^(-6) Coefficient of thermal expansion /DIN 51045/ 10*10^(-6) BuildingBuilding materialmaterial class /DIN 1402/ A1 – non-combustible class /DIN 1402/ A1 – non-combustible

Unit Unit kg/dm3 orkg/dm g/cm³ 3 or g/cm³ N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 W/(m K)W/(m K) 1/°k 1/°k

Product declarations Product declarations Environmental product product declaration Environmental declaration 2 2 NumberNumber EPD-RSE-2012111-D EPD-RSE-2012111-D ProgramProgram operatoroperatorInstitut Bauen und Umwelt (IBU) (Institute Construction and Environment) Institut Bauen und Umwelt (IBU) (Institute Construction and Environment) Author ofAuthor the LCA AG of the LCAPE INTERNATIONAL PE INTERNATIONAL AG

Fall 2021

Rieder Group Rieder Group

Product sustainability factfact sheet fibreC Product sustainability sheet fibreC Sustainable SitesSites (SS)(SS) Sustainable Summary Summary Sustainable sites credits strategies that minimize the impact ecosystems and water Sustainable sitesencourage credits encourage strategies that minimize theon impact on ecosystems andresources. water resources.

Heat island reduction Heat island reduction Intent ofIntent this credit: of this credit: To minimize effects on microclimates and human wildlife by reducing heat islands. To minimize effects on microclimates and and human and habitats wildlife habitats by reducing heat islands. Product Product information for fibreC credit: information forwithin fibreCthis within this credit: The solar reflectance ρ solar, ρnormal emittance ε and hemispherical thermal thermal emittance ε h at a εtemperature of T = of T = The solar reflectance solar, thermal normal thermal emittance ε and hemispherical emittance h at a temperature 300 K, together with the with SRI-value (solar reflectance index) for “low for wind conditions” (5 W m^(-2) “medium“medium wind wind 300 K, together the SRI-value (solar reflectance index) “low wind conditions” (5 WK^(-1)), m^(-2) K^(-1)), conditions” (12 W m^(-2) “high wind conditions” (30 W m^(-2) been investigated. conditions” (12 WK^(-1)) m^(-2) and K^(-1)) and “high wind conditions” (30 WK^(-1)) m^(-2) have K^(-1)) have been investigated. Two samples of fibreCofglass fiber concrete panels were tested. Two samples fibreC glass fiber concrete panels were tested. Sample Sample number number 1 1 2 2

description description fibreC, 20mm fibreC, 20mm fibreC, 13mm fibreC, 13mm

Sample Sample number numberρ solar ρ solarε (T = 300 h (T = ε300K) SRI Wind 5 WindSRI 12Wind SRI 30Wind 30 ε (TK)= 300ε K) h (T = 300K) SRI 5 Wind SRI 12 Wind SRI 1 0.76 ± 0.02 0.96 ± 0.02 0.90 ± 0.02 94 95 95 1 0.76 ± 0.02 0.96 ± 0.02 0.90 ± 0.02 94 95 95 2 0.72 ± 0.02 0.97 ± 0.02 89 89 2 0.72 ± 0.02 0.97 ± 0.020.90 ± 0.02 0.90 ± 0.02 88 88 89 89 Evidence/calculation formula:formula: Evidence/calculation The calculations of the solar reflectance and spectral reflectance are calculated in accordance to DIN EN 410 EN or ISO The calculations of the solar reflectance and spectral reflectance are calculated in accordance to DIN 4109050, or ISO 9050, respectively. respectively. SRI-values for different wind-conditions calculated in accordance to ASTM E 1980-01. SRI-values for different wind-conditions calculated in accordance to ASTM E 1980-01.

Materials and and Resources (MR)(MR) Materials Resources Summary Summary MaterialsMaterials and Resources credits encourage using sustainable buildingbuilding materialsmaterials and reducing waste. Indoor and Resources credits encourage using sustainable and reducing waste.environmental Indoor environmental quality credits better indoor quality access daylight and views. qualitypromote credits promote betterair indoor airand quality and to access to daylight and views.

Building product disclosure and optimization - environmental product declarations Building product disclosure and optimization - environmental product declarations

http://construction-environment.com/download/CY5a0ba1adX13ba8257899X412e/EPD_RSE_2012111_D.pdf 2 http://construction-environment.com/download/CY5a0ba1adX13ba8257899X412e/EPD_RSE_2012111_D.pdf

Intent ofIntent this credit of this credit To encourage the use the of products and materials for whichforlife-cycle information is available and thatand have environmentally, To encourage use of products and materials which life-cycle information is available that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life-cyclelife-cycle impacts.impacts. To reward selecting productsproducts from manufacturers economically, and socially preferable To project reward teams projectfor teams for selecting from manufacturers who have verified environmental life-cyclelife-cycle impacts.impacts. who have improved verified improved environmental

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Rieder Group

eder Group

Product sustainability fact sheet fibreC

roduct sustainability fact sheet fibreC

Rieder Group

Product sustainability fact sheet fibreC

Product sustainability fact sheet fibreC Results of the LCA – RESOURCE USE:

Product information for fibreC within this credit:

Product information for fibreC Itemwithin this credit:

Critically reviewed LCA acc. to

Value yes

Item ISO 14044 Value Reviewer Matthias Schultz Critically reviewed LCA acc. to yes Download link of the http://bauISO 14044 document/study umwelt.de/download/CY5a0ba1adX13ba8257899X412e/EPD_RSE_2012111_D.pdf Reviewer Matthias Schultz EPD (Type III, yes Download link of the Product specific http://bauincluding external verification)? document/study umwelt.de/download/CY5a0ba1adX13ba8257899X412e/EPD_RSE_2012111_D.pdf EPD program operator IBU – Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (Institute Construction and Environment) Product specific EPD (Type III, yes EPD program operator country Germany including external verification)? EPD number EPD-RSE-2012111-D EPD program operator Download link IBU – Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V. (Institute Construction and Environment) of the EPD http://bauEPD program operator country document Germany umwelt.de/download/CY5a0ba1adX13ba8257899X412e/EPD_RSE_2012111_D.pdf EPD number EPD-RSE-2012111-D Download link of the EPD http://baudocument umwelt.de/download/CY5a0ba1adX13ba8257899X412e/EPD_RSE_2012111_D.pdf

Results of the LCA – RESOURCE USE: Declared unit: 1 to glass fiber concrete panel Rieder fibreC PRODUCT STAGE Declared life cycle stages Declared unit: 1 toA1-A3 glass fiber concrete panel Rieder fibreC (standard DIN EN 15978) PRODUCT STAGE PEcycle total stages [MJ] 1.06E+04 Declared life PERE (standard DIN EN[MJ] 15978) A1-A31.05E+03 PERM [MJ] 0.00E+00 PE total [MJ] 1.06E+04 1.05E+03 PERE [MJ]PERT [MJ] 1.05E+03 8.95E+03 PERM [MJ]PENRE [MJ] 0.00E+00 PENRM [MJ] 6.47E+02 PERT [MJ] 1.05E+03 PENRT [MJ] 9.60E+03 PENRE [MJ] 8.95E+03 SM [kg] 0.00E+00 PENRM [MJ] 6.47E+02 RSF [MJ] 5.71E+01 PENRT [MJ] 9.60E+03 NRSF [MJ] 5.33E+02 SM [kg] FW [m³] 0.00E+00 6.70E+02

RSF [MJ] NRSF [MJ] FW [m³] Caption Caption

Results of the LCA – ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: Declared unit: 1 to glass fiber concrete panel Rieder fibreC PRODUCT STAGE Declared life cycle stages Results of the LCA – ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: (standard DIN EN 15978) A1-A3 GWP [kg CO2-eq.] 7.26E+02 Declared unit: 1 to glass fiber concrete panel Rieder fibreC ODP [kg CFC11-eq.] 1.46E-06 PRODUCT STAGE Declared life cycle stages AP [kg SO2-eq.] 2.10E+00 (standard DIN EN 15978) EP [kg PO43-- eq.]A1-A3 2.20E-01 GWP [kg CO2-eq.] 7.26E+02 POCP [kg Ethen-eq.] 2.30E-01 ODP [kg CFC11-eq.] ADPE [kg Sb eq.]1.46E-06 5.86E-03 AP [kg SO2-eq.] 2.10E+00 ADPF [MJ] 8.82E+03

EP [kg PO43-- eq.] POCP [kg Ethen-eq.] ADPE [kg Sb eq.] ADPF [MJ] Caption

Caption

2.20E-01GWP = Global warming potential; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential of land and water; EP = Eutrophication potential; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone 2.30E-01photochemical oxidants; ADPE = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADPF = Abiotic depletion potential 5.86E-03for fossil resources 8.82E+03

GWP = Global warming potential; ODP = Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; AP = Acidification potential of land and water; EP = Eutrophication potential; POCP = Formation potential of tropospheric ozone photochemical oxidants; ADPE = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources; ADPF = Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources

PE total = Total5.71E+01 use of primary energy resources (=PERT+PENRT); PERE = Use of renewable primary energy excluding renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy resources used as 5.33E+02 raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy 6.70E+02 excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy PE total = Total use ofused primary energy resources PERE = Use of renewable primarySM energy resources as raw materials; PENRT(=PERT+PENRT); = Total use of non-renewable primary energy resources; = Useexcluding of secondary material;energy RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; resources FW = Use of net fresh renewable primary resources used as raw materials; PERM = Use of renewable primary energy used as water raw materials; PERT = Total use of renewable primary energy resources; PENRE = Use of non-renewable primary energy

excluding non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRM = Use of non-renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; PENRT = Total use of non-renewable primary energy resources; SM = Use of secondary material; RSF = Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF = Use of non-renewable secondary fuels; FW = Use of net fresh water

Results of the LCA – OUTPUT FLOWS AND WASTE CATEGORIES:

Declared unit: 1 to glass fiber concrete panel Rieder fibreC PRODUCT STAGE Declared life cycle stages Results of the LCA DIN – OUTPUT (standard EN 15978)FLOWS AND WASTE A1-A3 CATEGORIES: HWD [kg] Declared unit: 1 to1.74E+03 glass fiber concrete panel Rieder fibreC NHWD [kg] RWD [kg]stages 3.15E-01 PRODUCT STAGE Declared life cycle CRUEN [kg]15978) (standard DIN A1-A3 0 0 HWD [kg] MFR [kg] NHWD [kg]MER [kg] 1.74E+03 0 RWD [kg] EEE [MJ] 3.15E-01 0 EET [MJ] 0

CRU [kg] MFR [kg] Caption MER [kg] EEE [MJ] EET [MJ] Caption

HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed; CRU = 0 MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EE = Exported energy per Components for re-use; energy carrier: EEE =0Exported energy, electric energy, EET = Exported energy, thermal energy

0 0 HWD = Hazardous waste disposed; NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed; RWD = Radioactive waste disposed; CRU = Components for re-use; MFR = Materials for recycling; MER = Materials for energy recovery; EE = Exported energy per energy carrier: EEE = Exported energy, electric energy, EET = Exported energy, thermal energy

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Product sustainability fact sheet fibreC Rieder Group

Product sustainability fact sheet fibreC Building product disclosure and optimization – sourcing of raw materials Building product

Intent of this credit To encourage the use of products and materials for which life cycle information is available and that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life cycle impacts. To reward project teams for selecting products verified to have been disclosure optimization sourcing of raw materials extracted orand sourced in a responsible–manner.

Rieder Group

Product sustainability fact sheet fibreC Rieder Group

Product sustainability fact sheet fibreC Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)

Product information for fibreC within this credit: Intent of this credit Option 1 Description / Unit To encourage the use of products and materials for which life cycle information is available and that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life cycle impacts. To reward project teams for selecting products verified to have been Third-party verified corporate no extracted or sourced in a responsible manner. sustainability report (CSR)?

Summary Indoor environmental quality credits promote better indoor air quality and access to daylight and views.

Product information for fibreC Option within 2this credit: Participation in an extended Option 1

Low-emitting materials

Download link to the report

producer responsibility program? Third-party verified corporate no Postconsumer recycled content sustainability report (CSR)? Preconsumer recycled content

Description / Unit

0 0

Description / Unit

% %

Download link to the report Option 2 Description / Unit Participation in an extended Building no product disclosure and optimization – material ingredients producer responsibility Intent of this credit program? To encourage Postconsumer recycled content 0 the use of products and materials for % which life-cycle information is available and that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life-cycle impacts. To reward project teams for selecting products for which the Preconsumer recycled content 0 % chemical ingredients in the product are inventoried using an accepted methodology and for selecting products verified to minimize the use and generation of harmful substances. To reward raw material manufacturers who produce products verified to have improved life-cycle impacts.

Building product disclosure and optimization – material ingredients Product information for fibreC within this credit:

Type of reporting Certification program Value/ Link Intent of this credit (e.g. Green screen, Comment To encourage the use of products and materials for cradle whichtolife-cycle cradle information is available and that have environmentally, economically, and socially preferable life-cycle impacts. To reward project teams for selecting products for which the version/level, REACH) chemical ingredients in the product are inventoried using and for selecting products verified to Safety an dataaccepted sheet methodology yes according 91 / 155raw material manufacturers who produce products Option 1: material minimize the use and generation of harmful substances. To reward EWG ingredient reporting verified to have improved life-cycle impacts.

Product information for fibreC within this credit: Type of reporting Certification ingredient program (e.g. Green screen, optimization cradle to cradle version/level, REACH) Safety data sheet according 91 / 155 Option 1: material EWG ingredient reporting Manufacturer Inventory International Alternative Compliance Path – REACH ingredient Optimization optimization USGBC approved program

Manufacturer Inventory International Alternative Compliance Value/ Link Path – REACH Comment Optimization USGBC approved program

no no REACH ingredients used (see EPD) no

Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)

Intent of this credit Summary To reduce concentrations of chemical that indoor can damage air quality, productivity, and the Indoor environmental quality credits contaminants promote better air quality and human accesshealth, to daylight and views. environment.

Low-emitting materials Product information for fibreC within this credit: Value Unit IntentItem of this credit Test institute / organization (Name) contaminants Eco-instiut GmbH To reduce concentrations of chemical that can damage air quality, human health, productivity, and the Test report No. No. 35964-001 environment. Test method applied Test chamber method (19/06/2012) Applicable regulation DIBt, AgBB, ISO 16000 Product information for fibreC within this credit: Regulation requirements met y TVOC (28 days) 251 Item Value Criteria? (CDPH, AgBB, ISO 16000, DIBt, AgBB, ISO 16000, DIN EN 717-1 Test institute / organization (Name) Eco-instiut GmbH DIBt method)

µg/m³ -

Unit Test report No. No. 35964-001 Test method applied Test chamber method (19/06/2012) Projects outside the U.S. may use products tested and deemed compliant in accordance with either (1) the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) Applicable regulation DIBt, AgBB, ISO 16000 standard method (2010) or (2) the German AgBB Testing and Evaluation Scheme (2010). Test products either with (1)- the CDPH Standard Method (2010), (2) the German AgBB Testing and Evaluation Regulation requirements met Scheme (2010), y (3) ISO 16000-3: 2010, ISO 16000-6: 2011, ISO 16000-9: - 2006, ISO 16000-11:2006 either in conjunction with AgBB, or with French legislation on VOC emission class labeling, or (4) the DIBt testing method (2010). If the applied testing method does TVOC (28 days) 251 µg/m³ in the CDPH standard not specify testing details for a product group for which the CDPH standard method does provide details, use the specifications method. U.S. (CDPH, projects must follow the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) standard Criteria? AgBB, ISO 16000, DIBt, AgBB, ISO 16000, DINmethod. EN 717-1 DIBt method)

yes

no no REACH ingredients used (see EPD) no

Projects outside the U.S. may use products tested and deemed compliant in accordance with either (1) the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) standard method (2010) or (2) the German AgBB Testing and Evaluation Scheme (2010). Test products either with (1) the CDPH Standard Method (2010), (2) the German AgBB Testing and Evaluation Scheme (2010), (3) ISO 16000-3: 2010, ISO 16000-6: 2011, ISO 16000-9: 2006, ISO 16000-11:2006 either in conjunction with AgBB, or with French legislation on VOC emission class labeling, or (4) the DIBt testing method (2010). If the applied testing method does not specify testing details for a product group for which the CDPH standard method does provide details, use the specifications in the CDPH standard method. U.S. projects must follow the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) standard method.

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Product sustainability fact sheet fibreC Innovation Intent of this credit To encourage projects to achieve exceptional or innovative performance. Product information for fibreC within this credit: Description: Rieder runs the “Supply-Plus-System” in order to support designers and project managers: Each project is allocated to a certain category of complexity: It starts with Level 1 (simple) up to Level 3 (complex). Depending on the allocation of a project to the category of complexity Rieder offers special support provided by an internal project manager who starts specific supporting process chains. This “Supply-Plus-System” aims to project support of designers and project developers in the early design phases in order to support the planning team with all available technical and technological know-how. Rieder runs a R&D-Department which steadily works on optimization of the core-products regarding usability of new raw materials, new production processes. One core-activity of this R&D-Department is also the adjustment of the core product regarding special requests concerning specific projects. The development of new products is also the task for this department. Disclaimer: The content of, and results shown in this report are based on data and information submitted by the client. Therefore, PE International AG makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, in regard of the correctness or completeness of the content of this document or the results shown.

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Steel Beam [Sustainability]

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

02 00 00

Existing Conditions

00 00 00

Procurement

02 20 00

Assessment

00 01 01

Project Title Page

02 21 00

Surveys

00 01 03

Seals Page

02 21 13

Site Surveys

01 00 00

General Requirements

02 21 13.13

Boundary and Survey Markers

01 10 00

Summary

02 21 13.23

Archeological and Historic Surveys

01 11 00

Summary of Work

02 21 16

Measured Drawings

01 11 13

Work Covered by Contract Documents

02 22 00

Existing Conditions Assessment

01 11 16

Work by Owner

02 22 13

Movement and Vibration Assessment

01 11 19

Purchase Contracts

02 22 16

Acoustic Assessment

01 20 00

Payment Procedures

02 22 19

Traffic Assessment

01 21 00

Allowances

02 22 23

Accessibility Assessment

01 21 13

Cash Allowances

02 24 00

Environmental Assessment

01 21 16

Contingency Allowances

02 24 13

Natural Environment Assessment

01 21 19

Testing and Inspecting Allowances

02 24 13.13

Air Assessment

01 21 23

Installation Allowances

02 24 13.43

Water Assessment

01 21 26

Product Allowances

02 24 13.73

Land Assessment

01 21 29

Quantity Allowances

02 24 23

Chemical Sampling and Analysis of Soils

01 21 43

Time Allowances

02 24 43

Transboundary and Global Environmental Aspects Assessment

01 33 00

Submittal Procedures

02 50 00

Site Remediation

01 33 13

Certificates

02 51 00

Physical Decontamination

01 33 16

Design Data

02 51 13

Coagulation and Flocculation Decontamination

01 33 19

Field Test Reporting

02 51 16

Reverse-Osmosis Decontamination

01 33 23

Shop Drawings, Product Data, and Samples

02 51 19

Solidification and Stabilization Decontamination

01 33 26

Source Quality Control Reporting

02 51 23

Mechanical Filtration Decontamination

01 33 29

Sustainable Design Reporting

02 51 26

Radioactive Decontamination

01 33 29.01

Material Cost Summary Form

02 51 29

Surface Cleaning Decontamination

01 33 29.02

Wood-Containing Product List

02 51 29.13

High-Pressure Water Cleaning Decontamination

01 33 29.03

Metal-Containing Product List

02 51 33

Surface Removal Decontamination

01 33 29.04

Material Content Form

02 52 00

Chemical Decontamination

01 33 29.05

New Product Source Form

02 52 13

Chemical Precipitation Decontamination

01 33 29.06

Reused Product Form

02 52 19

Neutralization Decontamination

01 33 29.07

Prohibited Content Installer Certification

07 00 00

Thermal and Moisture Protection

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07 21 00

Thermal Insulation

07 44 53

Glass Fiber Concrete Panel Rainscreen

07 50 00

Membrane Roofing Cool Hybrid System

10 00 00

Specialties

10 82 00

Woven Wire Mesh Facades

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SECTION 07 21 00 THERMAL INSULATION

degrees C.

PART 1 GENERAL 1.1

SECTION INCLUDES A.

1.2

Fall 2021

Semi-Rigid Mineral Wool Board Insulation (RB40) for General Purpose applications.

REFERENCES

ASTM E 413 - Classification for Rating Sound Insulation.

ASTM E 814 - Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Penetration Firestop Systems.

ASTM E 1050 - Standard Test Method for Impedance and Absorption of Acoustical Materials Using a Tube, Two Microphones and a Digital Frequency Analysis System.

FM 4473 - Specification Test Standard for Impact Resistance Testing of Rigid Roofing Materials by Impacting with Freezer Ice Balls.

UL 181 - Factory-Made Air Ducts and Connectors.

UL Fire Resistance Directory U654, Fire Resistance Ratings, 1 Hour Assembly - Interior Surface.

ASTM C 165 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations.

ASTM C 167 - Standard Test Method for Thickness and Density of Blanket or Batt Thermal Insulations.

ASTM C209 - [Standard Test Methods for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board.

ASTM C 303 - Standard Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Preformed Block and BoardType Thermal Insulation.

UL Fire Resistance Directory, Fire Resistance Ratings, 1 Hour Assembly - Interior and Exterior Surfaces.

ULC Fire Resistance Directory W605 - Fire Resistance Ratings, 1 Hour Assembly - Interior Surface.

ASTM C 356 - Standard Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking Heat.

AA.

ULC Fire Resistance Directory W606 - Fire Resistance Ratings, 2 Hour Assembly - Interior Surface.

ASTM C 411 - Standard Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation

BB.

ULC Fire Resistance Directory W610 - Fire Resistance Ratings, 1 Hour Assembly - Interior and Exterior Surfaces.

ASTM C 423 - Standard Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method.

CC.

ULC Fire Resistance Directory W611 - Fire Resistance Ratings, 2 Hour Assembly - Interior and Exterior Surfaces.

ASTM C 518 - Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus.

DD.

CAN/ULC S102 - Standard Method of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials and Assemblies

ASTM C 553 - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Commercial and Industrial Applications.

EE.

CAN/ULC S114 - Standard Method of Test for Determination of Non-Combustibility in Building Materials.

ASTM C 612 - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal Insulation.

FF.

CAN/ULC S115 - Standard Method of Test of Firestop Systems.

ASTM C 665 - Standard Specification for Mineral-Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Construction and Manufactured Housing.

GG.

CAN/ULC S702 - Standard for Thermal Insulation Mineral Fiber for Buildings

HH.

LEED v4 (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design): Green Building Rating System.

ASTM C 795 - Standard Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Contact with Austenitic Stainless Steel.

ASTM C 1104/C 1104M - Standard Test Method for Determining the Water Vapor Sorption of Unfaced Mineral Fiber Insulation.

ASTM C 1338 - Standard Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and Facings.

ASTM E 84 - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials.

ASTM E 90 - Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements.

ASTM E 96/E96M - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials.

ASTM E 136 - Standard Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 07 21 00 THERMAL INSULATION 1

1.3

SUBMITTALS A.

Submit under provisions of Section 01 30 00 - Administrative Requirements.

Product Data: Manufacturer's data sheets on each product to be used, including: 1. Preparation instructions and recommendations. 2. Storage and handling requirements and recommendations. 3. Installation methods. 4. MSDS report.

LEED Submittals: Provide documentation of how the requirements of Credit will be met: 1. EA Credit 1: Thermal value of insulation contributing to overall energy performance of building. 2. MR Credits 4: Recycled content of insulation indicating percentages by weight of preconsumer and postconsumer recycled content. 3. MR Credits 5: Verify location where insulation is extracted, processed and manufactured 07 21 00 THERMAL INSULATION 2

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1.4

1.5

1.6

Verification Samples: For each product specified, two samples, minimum size 12 inches (300 mm) square, representing actual products specified.

Manufacturer's Certificates: Certify products meet or exceed specified requirements.

Sustainable Design Closeout Documentation (LEED). 1. Provide calculations on end-of-project recycling rates, salvage rates, and landfill rates for work of this Section demonstrating percentage of construction wastes which were recycled. 2. Submit verification from recycling facility showing receipt of materials

Installer Qualifications: Documented experience of 5 years minimum with work similar to work of this Section.

Pre-installation Meeting: Convene pre-installation meeting after Award of Contract and [one week] before starting work of this Section to verify project requirements, substrate conditions and coordination with other building sub-trades, and to review manufacturer's written installation instructions. 1. Comply with Section 01 31 13 - Project Coordination Project Meetings and co-ordinate with other similar pre installation meetings. 2. Notify attendees 2 weeks prior to meeting and ensure meeting attendees include as minimum: a. Owner; b. Consultant; c. Board Insulation Installation Subcontractor; d. Manufacturer's Technical Representative. 3. Ensure meeting agenda includes review of methods and procedures related to insulation installation including co-ordination with related work. 4. Record meeting proceedings including corrective measures and other actions required to ensure successful completion of work and distribute to each attendee within 1 week of meeting.

B. 2.2

Deliver materials and accessories in insulation manufacture's original packaging with identification labels intact and in sizes to suit project.

Store products in manufacturer's unopened packaging until ready for installation.

Ensure insulation materials are not exposed to moisture during delivery or storage.

SEQUENCING Ensure that products of this section are supplied to affected trades in time to prevent interruption of construction progress.

PROJECT CONDITIONS A.

Maintain environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, and ventilation) within limits recommended by manufacturer for optimum results. Do not install products under environmental conditions outside manufacturer's absolute limits.

PART 2 PRODUCTS 2.1

MANUFACTURERS A.

Acceptable Manufacturer: ROCKWOOL; 8024 Esquesing Line, Milton, Ontario, L9T 6W3. Phone: 07 21 00 THERMAL INSULATION 3

2.3

Pre-approved or equal.

PRODUCTS A.

DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. 1.7

905-878-8474, Toll Free: 1-800-265-6878. E-mail: contactus@rockwool.com, URL: http://www.ROCKWOOL.com

QUALITY ASSURANCE A.

Fall 2021

Semi-Rigid, Mineral Wool Board Insulation for General Purpose applications: ROCKWOOL ROCKBOARD 40 Non-combustible, semi-rigid, mineral wool fire rated insulation board to ASTM C 612, Type IVA. 1. Compressive resistance: a. At 10 percent: 90 psf (4.3 kPa) to ASTM C165. b. At 25 percent: 226 psf (10.8 kPa) to ASTM C165. 2. Size: a. 24 by 48 inches (616 by 1219 mm). 3. Thickness: Provide to the thicknesses indicated on the Drawings. a. 1.0 inch (25 mm). b. 1.5 inches (38 mm). c. 2 inches (50 mm). d. 2.5 inches (65 mm). e. 3.5 inches (89 mm). f. 6 inches (152 mm). 4. RFF facer: ROCKWOOL RFF FACER Aluminum foil with fiberglass reinforcement. 5. Pin perforated facer: ROCKWOOL White pin perforated polypropylene with fiberglass reinforcement. 6. Black mat facer: ROCKWOOL Black mat with non-woven fiberglass. 7. Fire performance: a. Non-combustibility: To ASTM E 136. b. Non-combustibility: To CAN/ULC S114. c. Surface Burning Characteristics: To ASTM E 84. 1) Flame spread unfaced: 5. 2) Smoke developed unfaced: 5. d. Surface Burning Characteristics: To CAN/ULC S102. 1) Flame spread unfaced: 5. 2) Smoke developed unfaced: 5. 8. Thermal resistance R value/1 inch at 75 degrees F: 4.2 h ft2 degrees F/Btu (RSI value/25.4 mm at 24 degrees C: 0.74 m2K/W) to ASTM C 518. 9. Moisture absorption: Unfaced 5 percent maximum; with PSP facing 2 perms maximum; when tested to ASTM C 1104/C 1104M. 10. Dimensional stability: 1 percent maximum linear shrinkage at 1200 degrees F (650 degrees C) to ASTM C 356. 11. Corrosive resistance: a. Steel to ASTM C 665: Pass. b. Stainless steel to ASTM C 795: Pass. 12. Actual Density: 4.0 lb/ft3 (64 kg/m3) to ASTM C 303. 13. Recycled Content: 40 percent minimum. 14. Recycled Content: 16 percent minimum. 15. Acoustical Performance: Sound absorption coefficients to ASTM C 423. a. Thickness: 1.0 inch (25 mm), NRC 0.80. b. Thickness: 1.5 inch (37 mm), NRC 0.90. c. Thickness: 2.0 inch (50 mm), NRC 1.00. d. Thickness: 3.0 inch (76 mm), NRC 1.05. e. Thickness: 4.0 inch (100 mm), NRC 1.10.

ACCESSORlES 07 21 00 THERMAL INSULATION 4

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Mechanical fasteners in accordance with insulation manufacturer's written recommendations.

10.

Insulation Clips: in accordance with manufacturer's written recommendations.

11.

Adhesive: All purpose construction adhesive in accordance with insulation manufacturer's written recommendations.

Foundation Sealing Compound: Bitumen sealing compound in accordance with Section 07 90 00 Joint Protection.

3.4

3.2

3.3

EXAMINATION A.

Do not begin installation until substrates have been properly prepared.

Ensure surfaces are free of snow, ice, frost, grease and other deleterious materials.

If substrate preparation is the responsibility of another installer, notify Architect of unsatisfactory preparation before proceeding.

3.5

Field Inspection: Coordinate field inspection in accordance with Section 01 45 16.13 - Contractor Quality Control Quality Control. 1. Provide manufacturer's field services consisting of product use recommendations and periodic site visits for product installation review in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. 2. Report any inconsistencies from manufacturer's recommendations immediately to the Architect and Contractor. 3. Submit reports to Architect and Contractor within 3 days of visit.

CLEANING A.

3.6

Seal joints with acoustical joint sealant in accordance with Section 07 91 13 - Compression Seals. Do not enclose insulation until before Field Quality Control inspection and approval.

FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

PART 3 EXECUTION 3.1

Fall 2021

Progress Cleaning: Perform cleanup as work progresses [in accordance with Section 01 74 16 - Site Maintenance.

PROTECTION

PREPARATION

Protect installed products until completion of project.

Clean surfaces thoroughly prior to installation.

Touch-up, repair or replace damaged products before Substantial Completion.

Prepare surfaces using the methods recommended by the manufacturer for achieving the best result for the substrate under the project conditions.

INSTALLATION A.

General: 1. Install in accordance with manufacturer's written recommendations. 2. Install insulation to maintain continuity of thermal protection to building elements and spaces. 3. Fit insulation closely around electrical boxes, pipes, ducts, frames and other objects in or passing through insulation. 4. Keep insulation minimum 3 inches (75 mm) from heat emitting devices such as recessed light fixtures, and minimum 2 inches (50 mm) from sidewalls of chimneys and vents. 5. Install Exterior Cavity Wall insulation board in accordance with insulation manufacturer's written recommendations. 6. Installation of Insulation Board for Foundations: Install insulation board on foundation using all purpose construction adhesive in accordance with insulation manufacturer's written recommendations. 7. Installation of Insulation Board for Metal Sandwich Panel Systems: Install insulation board in accordance with insulation manufacturer's and metal sandwich panel manufacturer's written recommendations. 8. Installation of Insulation Board for Curtain Wall Systems: Install insulation board in accordance with insulation manufacturer's and curtain wall manufacturer's written recommendations. 9. Installation of Insulation Board for General Purpose Applications: Install insulation board in accordance with insulation manufacturer's and curtain wall manufacturer's written recommendations. a. Install insulation board using all-purpose construction adhesive in accordance with insulation manufacturer's written recommendations. b. Install insulation board using mechanical fasteners in accordance with insulation manufacturer's written recommendations. c. Attach insulation board with 1.5 inches concrete nails and seal with bitumen sealing compound. 07 21 00 THERMAL INSULATION 5

END OF SECTION

07 21 00 THERMAL INSULATION 6

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SECTION 07 44 53 GLASS FIBER CONCRETE PANEL RAINSCREEN PART 1 GENERAL 1.1

SECTION INCLUDES A.

1.2

1.3

Glass Fiber Concrete Panel Rainscreen: 1. Glass Fiber Concrete Panels. 2. Aluminum or galvanized metal support system. 3. Flashing, weather-seals, cover plates and formed metal trim. 4. Miscellaneous anchors, fasteners, sealants, and related accessories.

5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

REFERENCES A.

ASTM E 84 - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials,

ULC S114 – Determination of Non-Combustibility

ASTM E 136 - Standard Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 degrees C

ASTM E 330 - Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under the Influence of Wind Loads.

ASTM C 1186 - Standard Specification for Flat Fiber-Cement Sheets.

ER 469 - UES-ES Evaluation Report for Fiber Cement Siding

US Green Building Council.

11. 1.4

Glass Fiber Concrete Rain Screen: System is a rear ventilated rain screen designed to drain water and condensation to exterior. System is a complete pre-engineered system including Glass Fiber Concrete cladding, aluminum metal support structure, closure pieces, trim and flashing. 1. Wall panels shall be removable and fasteners are exposed (or concealed fastened). 2. Panels are secured to an aluminum or galvanized metal support structure and secured to coldformed metal framing. 3. Spacing of cold formed metal framing shall not be greater than 16 inches O.C. 4. Aluminum metal support structure has multiple components, with one component attaching to structure over the air barrier using an attachment bracket and one component fastening to bracket horizontally to allow for attachment of concrete panels. 5. Rain screen weather resistive barrier membrane should be visually inspected for breaches and repaired as specified in Section 07 27 26 - Fluid-Applied Membrane Air Barriers prior to installation of support system. 6. Provide metal drainage flashing to direct condensation and water infiltration within the wall to weeping points. Coordinate with Air and Water Barrier specified in Section 07 27 26 - FluidApplied Membrane Air Barriers. Performance Requirements: 1. fibreC system shall comply with UES-ES Acceptance Criteria for Fiber Cement Siding Evaluation report ER-469. 2. Panels shall have no detectable amounts of Crystalline Silica. Products that do contain Crystalline Silica will be rejected. 3. Thermal Movement: Provide for free and noiseless vertical and horizontal thermal movement SECTION 07 44 53 GLASS FIBER CONCRETE PANEL RAINSCREEN 1

due to expansion and contraction under material temperature range of minus 20 degrees F to 180 degrees F without buckling, opening of joints, undue stress on fasteners, or other detrimental effects; allow for ambient temperature at time of fabrication, assembly, and erection procedures. Wind Performance: System shall withstand a design load of positive and negative pressures up to 40 PSF in accordance with ASTM E 330 without buckling, opening of joints, undue stress on fasteners, or other detrimental effects; allow for ambient temperature at time of fabrication, assembly, and erection procedures. Maximum panel deflection of 1/360 of span or less of span when tested in accordance with positive and negative pressures without cracking or damage to panel facing. Comply with applicable seismic requirements for Project location. Comply with ASTM C 1186. Meet Class A per ASTM E 84. Classified as non-combustible per ASTM E 136 & ULC S114 System shall accommodate positive drainage for moisture entering or condensation occurring within panel system for a 100 year rain cycle. System shall be flat with no noticeable warpage, buckling, deflections or other surface irregularities.

SUBMITTALS A.

Submit under provisions of Section 01 30 00 - Administrative Requirements.

Product Data: Manufacturer's data sheets on each product to be used, including: 1. Product data describing system materials and fabrication 2. Preparation instructions and recommendations. 3. Storage and handling requirements and recommendations. 4. Installation methods.

Shop Drawings: 1. Layout, profiles and dimensions for panels, product components, edge conditions, special shapes, and trim pieces. 2. Installation details including attachment methods, fasteners, joints, corners, openings, intersections with adjacent materials, flashings, closures, trim, and other critical conditions. 3. Layout of Glass Fiber Concrete Panels on wall and locations of special pieces and trim/

Calculations: Structural calculations signed and sealed by a professional engineer registered in the State where project is located,

LEED Submittals: Provide documentation of how the requirements of Credit will be met: 1. Product Data for Credit MR 2.1 and 2.2: For products being recycled, documentation of total weight of project waste diverted from landfill. 2. Product Data for Credit MR 4.1 and MR 4.2: For products having recycled content, documentation including percentages by weight of post-consumer and pre-consumer recycled content a. Include statement indicating costs for each product having recycled content. 3. Product Data for Credit EQ 4.1: For adhesives used to laminate gypsum board panels to substrates, including printed statement of VOC content 4. Product Data for Credit IAQ 4.6 (Schools): For products used in school construction, including certification meeting CHPS Low-Emitting Material criteria Section 01 35 00 - Special Procedures 5. Product Data for Credit MR 5.1 and Credit MR 5.2: Submit data, including location and distance from Project of material manufacturer and point of extraction, harvest or recovery for main raw material. a. Include statement indicating cost for each regional material and the fraction by weight that is considered regional.

DESIGN / PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS A.

Fall 2021

SECTION 07 44 53 GLASS FIBER CONCRETE PANEL RAINSCREEN 2

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1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

Selection Samples: For each finish product specified, two complete sets of color chips representing manufacturer's full range of available colors and patterns.

Verification Samples: For system specified, two panel assembly samples, minimum size 6 inches (150 mm) square, representing actual product, color, and patterns and attachment profile, fasteners, brackets and anchors.

Manufacturer's Certificates: Certify products meet or exceed specified requirements.

Closeout Submittals: Provide manufacturer's maintenance instructions that include recommendations for periodic checking, cleaning and maintenance of all components.

QUALITY ASSURANCE A.

Manufacturer Qualifications: Company specializing in production of Glass Fiber Concrete Rain Screens of the type specified with a minimum 10 years documented experience.

Installer Qualifications: Company specializing in installation of Glass Fiber Concrete Rain Screen Products of the type specified with a minimum 5 years documented experience.

Design structural elements under direct supervision of Professional Engineer experienced in design of this Work and registered in the state of the project.

Pre-installation Meetings: Conduct pre-installation meeting to verify project requirements, substrate conditions, and manufacturer's installation instructions.

Field Measurements: Verify actual dimensions by field measurement before fabrication; show recorded measurements on shop drawings.

Mock-Up: Provide a mock-up for evaluation of surface preparation techniques and application workmanship. 1. Finish areas designated by Architect. 2. Do not proceed with remaining work until workmanship, color, and sheen are approved by Architect. 3. Refinish mock-up area as required to produce acceptable work.

DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING A.

Inspect product components immediately upon delivery at site. Notify manufacturer of damage prior to installation of materials.

Store products in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and in manufacturer's unopened packaging until ready for installation.

Do not store exterior wall system components in contact with other materials that might cause staining, denting, surface damage, or other deleterious effects

1.9

Ensure that locating templates and other information required for installation of products of this section are furnished to affected trades in time to prevent interruption of construction progress.

Ensure that products of this section are supplied to affected trades in time to prevent interruption of construction progress.

PROJECT CONDITIONS

WARRANTY A.

Warrant the materials specified for a period of 10 years from the date of substantial completion against defects.

Warrant the workmanship of the installed system for a period of 2 years from the date of substantial completion against defects.

PART 2 PRODUCTS 2.1

2.2

MANUFACTURERS A.

Acceptable Manufacturer: Rieder North America, USA Office located at: N3840 2nd St., Weyerhaeuser, WI 54895 Toll Free: 888-573-8069; Email: sales.usa@rieder.cc Website: www.rieder.cc/us

Substitutions: Not permitted

Panels must NOT contain any crystalline silica (Crystalline silica < 0% - not detectable)

Requests for substitutions will be considered in accordance with provisions of Section 01 60 00 Product Requirements.

FIBER C GLASS FIBER CONCRETE RAIN SCREEN SYSTEM A.

Flat panels: concrete skin panels: fibreC glass fiber reinforced concrete is a extruded, fiber reinforced concrete panel made from pure mineral raw materials, (sand cement, water) and reinforced with AR ( alkali-resistant) glass fibers as woven glass fiber mat and short fibers in the matrix. Color: greyscale collection a. anthracite

2.3

SEQUENCING A.

Surface a. MA - Matt surface

Coating a. A – Hydrophobic – Exterior

Textures a. slate

Panel sizes standard (other sizes up to 1500 mm width and 5000 mm length on request) a. 47.63 inches by 141.73 inches (1210 by 3600 mm) by 1/2 inch (13 mm) thickness b. Tolerances: Length up to 1 m: +- 1 mm / 1 - 2 m: +- 1,5 mm / 2 - 3 m: +- 2 mm / > 3 m: +- 3,0 mm

Support Structure: Galvanized Steel or Aluminum 1.

SECTION 07 44 53 GLASS FIBER CONCRETE PANEL RAINSCREEN 3

Fall 2021

Concealed Fasteners: Provide with concealed fastener system using Keil fasteners. SECTION 07 44 53 GLASS FIBER CONCRETE PANEL RAINSCREEN 4

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a. C.

2.4

2.6

Support Bracket using angle bracket anchored directly through wall substrate into support framing.

Flashings: Provide sheet metal flashings and trim as required for cladding system in accordance with Section 07 60 00 - Flashing and Sheet Metal. 1. Shop form components to profiles, dimensions, and thicknesses indicated on Drawings. Items to be provided include: a. Aluminum flashing at bottom of air cavities and pressurized compartments to gravity drain water from cavity. b. Formed profiles fabricated and installed to shed water within horizontal joint condition (non-continuous, interrupted at vertical U profile). c. Aluminum flashing at window sills, parapet caps, transition pieces to adjacent materials and other exposed trim. Attach with clips or other means to avoid exposed fasteners. 2. Form sheet metal fabrications in longest possible lengths. Turn back all exposed edges to form hem. Fabricate vertical faces with bottom edge formed outward and hemmed to provide drip

INSTALLATION A.

2.5

Fall 2021

Install in accordance with manufacturer's instructions and approved shop drawings. 1. Establish level lines for panel coursing and positioning of support rails. 2. Attach horizontal rails with engineered fasteners and anchors. 3. Attach rails to substrate at 24 inches O.C. or at the distance recommended by system manufacturer. 4. Provide 1 to 2 inches of space between ends of adjacent rails for expansion and contraction.

Glass Fiber Concrete Panels: Start at bottom of wall and fasten panels into vertical aluminum profile at locations of predrilled holes in fiber concrete panels 1. Layout work to avoid or minimize cuts. Site cut composite wood panels using power saw with appropriate blade type to prevent broken corners, edges and chips. 2. Install panels with continuous vertical and horizontal joints unless otherwise indicated on the Drawings. Vertical and horizontal joints shall be open approximately 5/16 inch (8 mm) wide. 3. Tolerances: Shim and align composite wood panels to form a level or plumb alignment of 1/4 inch in 20 feet maximum, non-accumulative.

Separate dissimilar metals; use gasket fasteners, isolation shims, or isolation tape where needed to eliminate possibility of electrolytic action between metals.

END OF SECTION

CLEANING A.

Remove and replace broken, chipped, stained, or otherwise damaged panels

Immediately after installing, wipe down panels. Do not use wire brushes, metallic tools, or abrasives for cleaning.

PROTECTION A.

Protect installed products until completion of project.

Protect system from roof run-off, splashed water, mud, sealants, bitumen, and other contaminants from remaining work.

Provide protective boards at exposed external corners, which may be damaged by construction activities

Touch-up, repair or replace damaged products before Substantial Completion.

SECTION 07 44 53 GLASS FIBER CONCRETE PANEL RAINSCREEN 5

SECTION 07 44 53 GLASS FIBER CONCRETE PANEL RAINSCREEN 6

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SECTION 07 50 00 MEMBRANE ROOFING COOL HYBRID SYSTEM

1. 2.

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1

4. 5. 6.

DESCRIPTION A.

Scope 1. To install a complete Sarnafil G 410 modified bitumen adhered hybrid system including membrane, flashings and other components.

Related Work 1. Removal of existing roofing and insulation 2. Substrate preparation 3. Roof drains 4. Vapor retarder 5. SBS-Modified Base Sheet 6. Insulation 7. SBS-Modified Ply Sheet 8. Roof membrane 9. Fasteners 10. Adhesive for flashings 11. Roof membrane flashings 12. Walkways 13. Metal Flashings 14. Sealants

1.2

1.5

Upon completion of work the following warranties may be obtained: 1. Sika Corporation Warranty 2. Roofing Applicator Warranty

Copies of Specification Samples of each primary components to be used in the roof system and the manufacturer’s current product data sheet for each component. Written approval by the insulation manufacturer (as applicable) for use of the product in the proposed system. Sample copy of Sika Corporations warranty. Sample copy of Applicator’s warranty. Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

CODE REQUIREMENTS A.

QUALITY ASSURANCE

The Applicator shall submit evidence that the proposed roof system meets the requirements of the local building code and has been tested and approved or listed by an approved, codified testing organization. These requirements are minimum standards and no roofing work shall commence without written documentation of the system's compliance. 1. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. – Northbrook, IL a. Class A assembly

PRODUCT DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING A.

All products delivered to the job site shall be in the original unopened containers or wrappings bearing all seals and approvals.

Handle all materials to prevent damage. Place all materials on pallets and fully protect from moisture.

Membrane rolls shall be stored lying down on pallets and fully protected from the weather with clean tarpaulins. Unvented tarpaulins are not accepted due to the potential accumulation of moisture beneath the tarpaulin which may affect the membrane weldability.

As a general rule all adhesives shall be stored at temperatures between 40°F (4°C) and 80°F (27°C). Read product data sheets and instructions contained on adhesive canisters for specific storage instructions.

This roofing system shall be applied only by a roofing applicator authorized prior to bid by Sika Corporation (Sika Corporation "Applicator").

A Sika Corporation Technical Service Representative will review the installed roof system wherever a System Warranty has been requested.

All flammable materials shall be stored in a cool, dry area away from sparks and open flames. Follow precautions outlined on containers and read product Safety Data Sheets (SDS).

All work pertaining to the installation of membrane, flashings, and accessories shall only be completed by Applicator authorized by Sika Corporation in those procedures.

Any materials which the Owner’s representative or Sika Corporation determine to be damaged are to be removed from the job site and replaced at no cost to the Owner.

Verification Safety Data Sheets (SDS) shall be available at the job site at all times.

Roofing membrane manufacturer must have a demonstrated performance history of producing PVC roof membranes no less, in duration of years, than the warranty duration specified.

Roofing membrane and membrane flashings to be manufactured by membrane supplier and not private labeled.

Manufacturer to have a minimum ten years of experience recycling their membranes at the end of their service life back into new membrane products. Provide a minimum of five reference projects completed with new membrane produced from recycled membrane.

G. 1.3

1.4

JOB CONDITIONS A.

Only as much of the new roofing as can be made weathertight each day, including all flashing and detail work, shall be installed. All seams shall be heat welded before leaving the job site that day.

Temporary overnight tie-ins shall be installed at the end of each day's work and shall be completely removed (including any contaminated materials) before proceeding with the next day's work.

The Applicator is cautioned that certain Sarnafil membranes are incompatible with asphalt, coal tar, heavy oils, roofing cements, creosote and some preservative materials. Such materials shall not remain in contact with these Sarnafil membranes.

The Applicator shall follow all safety regulations as required by OSHA and any other applicable authority having jurisdiction. Roof and walkways may be slippery when icy, snow covered, or wet. Working on surfaces under these conditions is hazardous. Appropriate safety measures must be

Applicable code/insurance requirements shall be identified by the Owner or Owner’s representative.

SUBMITTALS A.

1.6

At the time of bidding the applicator shall submit to the owner or representative the following: SECTION 07 50 00 MEMBRANE ROOFING COOL HYBRID SYSTEM 1

Fall 2021

SECTION 07 50 00 MEMBRANE ROOFING COOL HYBRID SYSTEM 2

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implemented prior to working on such surfaces. Always follow OSHA and other relevant fall protection standards when working on roofs. E.

Where applicable, the Applicator shall arrange for pullout tests in accordance with the latest versions of the SPRI/ANSI Standard Field Test Procedures FX-1 and IA-1 for fasteners and adhesives, respectively, to verify condition of the deck/substrate and to confirm expected pullout values.

The Sarnafil membrane shall not be installed under the following conditions without consulting Sika Corporation’s Technical Dept. for precautionary steps: 1. The roof assembly permits interior air to pressurize the membrane underside. 2. Any exterior wall has 10% or more of the surface area comprised of opening doors or windows. 3. The wall/deck intersection permits air entry into the wall flashing area.

Components of the roof system shall be products of Sika Corporation as indicated on the Detail Drawings and specified in the Contract Documents.

Components that are other than those supplied or manufactured by Sika Corporation may be submitted for review and acceptance by Sika Corporation. Sika Corporation’s acceptance of any other product is only for a determination of compatibility with Sika Corporation products and not for inclusion in the Sika Corporation warranty. The specifications, installation instructions, limitations, and restrictions of the respective manufacturers must be reviewed by the Owner’s Representative for acceptability for the intended use with Sika Corporation products.

C. 2.2

2.3

Sika Corporation

Pre-approved or equal

INSULATION / ROOF BOARDS A.

2.7

Membrane shall conform to: 1. ASTM D-4434 (latest version), "Standard for Polyvinyl Chloride Sheet Roofing". Classification: Type II. 2. NSF/ANSI Standard 347, “Sustainability Assessment for Single Ply Roofing Membranes”. Certification Level: Platinum. 3. The manufacture to guarantee that the membrane thickness meets or exceeds the specified thickness when tested according to ASTM D-751.

Membrane Adhesive 1. Sarnacol AD Feltback Membrane Adhesive Two-component foamable polyurethane board adhesive applied in ribbons used to attach feltback membrane.

Insulation / Roof Board Attachment 1. Sarnacol AD Board Adhesive Two-component foamable polyurethane board adhesive applied in ribbons or full applications. The minimum ambient and surface temperature required is 25F (-4C) and rising.

DECK PRIMERS

Sarnafil PVC thermoplastic membrane 1. Type of Membrane a. Sarnafil G 410 Feltback 2. Membrane Thickness a. 72 mil

Vapor Retarder SA 106 106 mil (2.7 mm) thick self-adhered SBS polymer modified bitumen vapor retarder/air barrier with a non-woven polyester mat reinforcement and fine mineral aggregate (sand) topside. Can also serve as temporary roof protection exposed for up to six (6) months.

FLASHING MATERIALS A.

2.11

Vapor Retarder Primer SB Solvent-based primer used to prime wood, concrete, primed gypsum boards and decks, prior to the application of Sika’s self-adhered vapor retarders.

VAPOR RETARDERS A.

2.10

SarnaRoof® Base Sheet NB 60

ATTACHMENT COMPONENTS

A. 2.9

Insulation 1. Sarnatherm Rigid polyisocyanurate insulation board with coated polymer bonded glass fiber mat facers, meeting ASTM C-1289 Type II, Class 2, Grade 2 (20 psi) or Grade 3 (25 psi).

SBS MODIFIED BASE SHEET A.

2.8

MEMBRANE A.

2.5

Consult respective product data sheets and selection guides for additional information.

MANUFACTURER

2.6

GENERAL

Color of Membrane 1. Sarnafil G 410 Feltback Membrane a. EnergySmart White

SBS MODIFIED PLY SHEET A.

Special consideration should be given to construction related moisture. Sika Corporation is not responsible for damage when exposed to construction related moisture.

PART 2 PRODUCTS 2.1

2.4

Fall 2021

Perimeter Edge Flashing 1. Metal-Era Anchor Tite Two-piece assembly of extruded aluminum anchor bar and aluminum or steel fascia cover.

WALKWAY PROTECTION A.

Concrete Pavers Normal weight concrete pavers specifically designed and produced for rooftop application. For large

SECTION 07 50 00 MEMBRANE ROOFING COOL HYBRID SYSTEM 3

SECTION 07 50 00 MEMBRANE ROOFING COOL HYBRID SYSTEM 4

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areas the use of paver pedestals or a drainage panel protection layer between the Sarnafil roof membrane and the pavers is required. For narrow walkways, a welded-in-place protection layer of Sarnafil membrane is required under the concrete pavers.

2.12

Boards shall be neatly cut to fit around penetrations and projections. Install tapered insulation in accordance with insulation manufacturer's shop drawings. Do not install more board than can be covered with membrane by the end of the day or the onset of inclement weather. When two or more layers of insulation and/or roof boards are used, stagger joints at least 12” (30.5 cm) in both directions between layers. Refer to individual Product Data Sheets (PDS) and Insulation or Roof Board Installation section of Sika Sarnafil Roofing Applicator Handbook for detailed installation instructions. Boards shall be mechanically fastened to the deck with approved fasteners and plates according to the wind uplift rating requirements and associated fastening patterns.

MISCELLANEOUS FASTENERS AND ANCHORS A.

All fasteners, anchors, nails, straps, bars, etc. shall be post-galvanized steel, aluminum or stainless steel. Mixed metal type components shall be assembled in such a manner as to avoid galvanic corrosion. Fasteners for attachment of metal to masonry shall be expansion type fasteners with stainless steel pins.

PART 3 EXECUTION 3.1

SUBSTRATE CONDITION A.

Applicator shall be responsible for acceptance or provision of proper substrate to receive new roofing materials.

Applicator shall verify that the work done under related sections meets the following conditions: 1. Roof drains and scuppers have been reconditioned or replaced (as applicable) and installed properly. 2. Roof curbs, nailers, equipment supports, vents, and other roof penetrations are properly secured and prepared to receive new roofing materials.

3.2

3.4

Sarnacol AD Feltback Membrane Adhesive or Sarnacol OM Feltback Membrane Adhesive: 1. Application rates vary depending on surface roughness, absorption rate of the substrate, and wind speed approvals. 2. Refer to individual Product Data Sheets (PDS) and Adhered Systems: Urethane Adhesive Installation Using Feltback Membrane section of Sika Sarnafil Roofing Applicator’s Handbook for detailed installation instructions.

VAPOR RETARDER INSTALLATION A.

All flashings should extend a minimum of 8” (20.3 cm) above finished roofing level. Submit requests for exceptions in writing to the Owner's Representative and Sika Corporation Technical Department for signed approval.

No bitumen shall be in contact with any Sarnafil membranes.

All flashing membranes shall be mechanically fastened along the counter-flashed top edge with Sarnastop or approved Sarnadisc at 6 - 12” (15.2 – 30.5 cm) on center.

Sarnafil flashings shall be terminated according to the Sika Corporation recommended details.

All adhered flashings that exceed 45” (1.14 m) in height shall receive additional securement, unless applying Sarnafil G 410 SA membrane to plywood, DensDeck Prime, concrete block, or concrete with a CSP of 1 – 4 according to ICRI Technical Guideline No. 310.2R-2013.

Refer to Typical Flashing Procedures section of Sika Sarnafil Roofing Applicator Handbook for detailed installation instructions.

New Construction 1. Poured Lightweight (Cellular or Insulating) Concrete Substrate The surface shall be installed per lightweight concrete manufacturer’s guidelines. The wet and dry densities shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's requirements. Sharp ridges or other projections above the surface shall be removed before roofing.

Vapor Retarder SA 106 All surfaces except for steel require priming. Lay out sheets so side laps are overlapped by 3” (76 mm) and end laps are overlapped by 6” (15.2 cm). Peel back release liner, press onto substrate, and roll with a minimum 100 lb roller.

SBS MODIFIED BASE SHEET INSTALLATION A.

3.5

SARNAFIL G 420 MEMBRANE INSTALLATION The surface of the insulation, roof board, or substrate shall be inspected prior to installation of the Sarnafil roof membrane. The substrate shall be clean, dry, and free from debris and smooth with no surface roughness or contamination. Broken, delaminated, wet or damaged boards shall be removed and replaced. Tack welding of Sarnafil G 410 membrane field sheets for purposes of temporary restraint during installation is not permitted and may result in voiding of Sika Corporation warranty. A.

Mechanical Attachment 1. Base sheets shall be mechanically fastened to the deck with CR Base Sheet Fasteners or OlyLok fasteners according to the wind uplift rating requirements and associated fastening patterns.

3.7

Mechanical Attachment 1. Boards shall be mechanically fastened to the deck with approved fasteners and plates according to the wind uplift rating requirements and associated fastening patterns.

MEMBRANE FLASHING INSTALLATION All flashings shall be installed concurrently with the roof membrane as the job progresses. No temporary flashings shall be allowed without the prior written approval of the Owner's Representative and Sika Corporation. Approval shall only be for specific locations on specific dates. If any water is allowed to enter under the newly completed roofing, the affected area shall be removed and replaced at the Applicator's expense. Flashing shall be adhered to compatible, dry, and smooth surfaces free of dirt, dust, and debris. Use caution to ensure adhesive fumes are not drawn into the building.

3.3

3.6

The substrate shall be clean, smooth, dry, free of water, ice and snow and free of flaws, sharp edges, loose and foreign material, oil, grease and other contaminants. Roofing shall not start until all defects have been corrected.

SUBSTRATE PREPARATION

INSULATION / ROOF BOARD INSTALLATION General Criteria: Boards shall be installed according to local building code, insurance requirements, and manufacturer's instructions. SECTION 07 50 00 MEMBRANE ROOFING COOL HYBRID SYSTEM 5

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SECTION 07 50 00 MEMBRANE ROOFING COOL HYBRID SYSTEM 6

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3.8

WALKWAY INSTALLATION A.

3.9

Remove and replace broken product.

PROTECTION A.

3.11

Concrete Pavers 1. Probe all existing membrane seams which are to be covered by concrete pavers. Using a separate piece of Sarnafil membrane as a protection layer, weld all edges in place. Place normal weight concrete pavers on the protection membrane. In areas of high wind exposure, the pavers shall be strapped together with stainless steel metal straps that are flush with the paver surface.

CLEANING A.

3.10

Fall 2021

Protect installed products until completion of project.

COMPLETION A.

Prior to demobilization from the site, the work shall be reviewed by the Owner's Representative and the Applicator. All defects noted and non-compliances with the Specifications or the recommendations of Sika Corporation shall be itemized in a punch list. These items must be corrected immediately by the Applicator to the satisfaction of the Owner's Representative and Sika Corporation prior to demobilization.

All Warranties referenced in this Specification shall have been submitted and have been accepted by the owner or owner’s representative at time of contract award.

SECTION 07 50 00 MEMBRANE ROOFING COOL HYBRID SYSTEM 7

END OF SECTION

SECTION 07 50 00 MEMBRANE ROOFING COOL HYBRID SYSTEM 8

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SECTION 10 82 00 WOVEN WIRE MESH FACADES

1.6

PART 1 GENERAL 1.1

A. 1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

Exterior sun control device.

SUBMITTALS A.

Submit under provisions of Section 01 30 00 - Administrative Requirements.

Product Data: 1. Manufacturer's data sheets on each product to be used. 2. Preparation instructions and recommendations. 3. Storage and handling requirements and recommendations. 4. Typical installation methods.

Ensure that products of this section are supplied to affected trades in time to prevent interruption of construction progress.

WARRANTY A.

SECTION INCLUDES

Fall 2021

Manufacturer's Warranty: Provide manufacturer's standard limited warranty to include: 1. Metal Composition: Manufacturer warranties that system provided is manufactured from those metal types specified and will provide material test data as requested. 2. System Integrity: Manufacturer warranties the product is designed to withstand any deterioration of its strength for a minimum of ten-years if installed to proper tension as specified by shop drawings. Discoloration of the surface of metals is excluded from any warranty unless metals are proven not to have met specific composition criteria, including required passivation process. 3. Powder Coat (if applicable): Manufacturer warranties the powder coat will maintain the visual tone of the surface for a minimum of ten-years if system is maintained and free from damage. Chips that occur as a result of installation, other construction activities, or failure to tension panels properly at time of install are not warrantied.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

Verification Samples: For each finish product specified, two samples, minimum size 6 inches (150 mm) square representing screen material incorporate in the actual product.

Shop Drawings: Include details of materials, construction and finish. Include relationship with adjacent construction. 1. Include engineered calculations stamped by a licensed professional engineer in the jurisdiction where the project is located. 2. Include loading calculations at each point of attachment as calculated using local code criteria.

2.1

2.2

QUALITY ASSURANCE

MANUFACTURERS A.

Acceptable Manufacturer: GKD METAL FABRICS, which is located at: 825 Chesapeake Drive.; Cambridge, MD 21613; Tel: 410-901-8428; Email:request info (metalfabrics@gkdusa.com)

Pre-approved or Equal

EXTERIOR SUN CONTROL DEVICE A.

Manufacturer Qualifications: Company specializing in manufacturing products specified in this section with a minimum five years documented experience. 1. Company which provides engineered calculations for shop drawings. 2. Company which provides products designed and manufactured as an engineered system of specific components only and not a fabricator only.

Mock-Up: Construct a mock-up with actual materials in sufficient time for Architect's review and to not delay construction progress. Locate mock-up as acceptable to Architect and provide temporary foundations and support. 1. Intent of mock-up is to demonstrate quality of workmanship and visual appearance. 2. If mock-up is not acceptable, rebuild mock-up until satisfactory results are achieved. 3. Retain mock-up during construction as a standard for comparison with completed work. 4. Do not alter or remove mock-up until work is completed or removal is authorized. 5. Standard size of mock-up: a. Exterior Systems: shall be 18 inches wide by 36 inches tall. (457 x 914mm) b. Interior Systems: not required.

2.3

Basis of Design: Omega 1550 Metal Mesh 1. System designed to withstand the design forces without permanent deformation or contacting structure behind mesh during peak load conditions. 2. Mesh Pattern: Mid-Shade. 65 percent open area. 3. Mesh Type: Flexible. 4. Materials: a. Spadebolts: T316 stainless steel. b. Binding Material: T316 stainless steel. c. Structural Material: Galvanized powder coated steel. d. Structural Material: T304 stainless steel. e. Hardware: 18-8 stainless steel. 5. Width: As indicated on the Drawings. 6. Height: As indicated on Drawings. 7. Attachment System: Severn: a. Material: T316L stainless steel. b. Tension System: U-binding and spade bolts.

FABRlCATlON

DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Fabricate architectural mesh panels square in accordance with approved shop drawings.

Store and handle in strict compliance with manufacturer's written instructions and recommendations.

Fabricate compatible attachment system to satisfy structural and performance requirements.

Protect from damage due to weather, excessive temperature, and construction operations.

All structural welds to be performed by an AWS certified welder.

SEQUENCING

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1

Coordinate manufacture of mesh system with other trades and suppliers as required, including structural steel, concrete, or other similar in which system will be attached. SECTION 10 82 00 WOVEN WIRE MESH FACADES 1

EXAMINATION SECTION 10 82 00 WOVEN WIRE MESH FACADES 2

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3.2

3.3

3.4

Verify dimensions, tolerances, and method of attachment with other work on-site.

If substrate preparation is the responsibility of another installer, notify Architect in writing of unsatisfactory preparation before proceeding.

Do not begin installation until substrates have been properly constructed and prepared.

Fall 2021

PREPARATION A.

Clean surfaces thoroughly prior to installation.

Prepare surfaces using the methods recommended by the manufacturer for achieving the best result for the substrate under the project conditions.

For exterior systems only, materials shall arrive from manufacturer having been properly citric passivated, including full immersion of all stainless components and hand application to welds to insure proper treatment.

INSTALLATION A.

Install in accordance with manufacturer's instructions, approved submittals and in proper relationship with adjacent construction.

Provide suitable means of anchorage acceptable to manufacturer such as dowels, anchor clips, bar anchors, expansion bolts and shields, and toggles.

Anchor supports securely with allowance for necessary thermal movement and structural support.

Erect metalwork square, plumb, straight, and true, accurately fitted, with tight joints and intersections.

Do not install component parts that are observed to be defective, including warped, bowed, dented, abraded and broken members.

Do not cut, trim, weld or braze component parts during erection in manner that would damage finish, decrease strength, negate passivation, or result in visual imperfection or failure in performance. Return component parts that require alteration to shop for re-fabrication, if possible, or for replacement with new parts.

Separate dissimilar metals and use gasket fasteners, isolation shim, or isolation tape where needed to eliminate possibility of corrosive or electrolytic action between metals.

END OF SECTION

CLEANING AND PROTECTION A.

Clean products in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations.

Touch-up, repair or replace damaged products before Substantial Completion.

SECTION 10 82 00 WOVEN WIRE MESH FACADES 3

SECTION 10 82 00 WOVEN WIRE MESH FACADES 4

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Reflection

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Fall 2021

Fashioned for the Future... GM to open an experience center near Fairfax plant

“As an architect, you design for the present, with an awareness of the past for a future which is essentially unknown.” -Norman Foster The invention of the car [over 100 years ago] instigated a shift in how materiality, navigation, and defining freedom reconstructed the built-environment. The scale of towns, cities, countries changed to accommodate an intermediate transition of speed catered to the human and with change, architecture evolved to response to the social climate facing industrialization. Today we spend our childhood in the cookie-cutter house with the station wagon parked out front that transports a family in and out of a city 10 miles away. The passing of industrial parks, abandoned malls, and plastic billboards advertising the nearest processed fast food car stop remind us our future seems far fetched from a sustainable reality. Industrialization deemed infrastructure once a beautiful manifestation of design embracing the new, today we fear the new resembles the old in faults of poor climate response, social inequity, inconsideration of future, and lack of historical analysis. Architecture is responsible for the future. Corporations are responsible for the future. Politicians are responsible for the future. Humans are responsible for the future. All are responsible for the future. As General Motors pledges to produce only electric cars by 2035, the corporation is responsible for their past flaws and injustices of existing communities and ecosystems. The project holds the company accountable for their history and promotes education and research of new sustainable infrastructure in conjunction of amelioration of the existing [the past and present act as consultants to inform design and shape the future]. We do not necessarily know what the future of GM, cars, suburbia, or architecture resembles, but we live in the present with recognition of the past and acknowledgment of future generations in aspects extending beyond the tangible to the social, cultural, economical, metaphysical, ecological, and emotional considerations of all. When a project considers all, hopefully the outcome supersedes the cookie-cutter boxes occupying the mirrored purlieus of falsified packaged, perfected, and performed architecture and contrarily promotes the moments of eloquence, emotion, and education.

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