6 shikhok sohaika pre primary by kawsar hawlader

m~wPcÎ welq f‚wgKv

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cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek          

cwiwPwZ wb‡Ri cwiwPwZ we`¨vjq cwiwPwZ mncvVx I we`¨vj‡qi wkÿK‡`i mv‡_ cwiwPwZ wkLb mvgMÖxi cwiwPwZ •bwK mgv‡ek Kzkj wewbgq RvZxq msMxZ fve wewbgq cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv

e¨vqvg  f‚wgKv  wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ wb‡`©kbv  e¨vqvg I e¨vqg Ki‡bvi wb‡`©kbv

m„Rbkxj KvR       cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Qov Mv Mí Awfbq Pviæ KvR Kviæ KvR|

1 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 11 13 19 20 20 20 21 22 23 23 23 24 24 26 27 27 28 47 48 61 71 88 89 93

welq fvlvi KvR  †kvbv- ejv  cov ( cÖvK-MVb)  †jLv (cÖvK-wjLb) cÖvK-MvwbwZK aviYv msL¨vi aviYv †hv‡Mi aviYv we‡qv‡Mi aviYv f‚wgKv B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv cwiPvjbvi wbqg B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljvq wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljvi DcKiY wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv wb‡`©kbvi †Ljvi (Guided play) ZvwjKv wb‡`©kbvi †Ljvi gva¨‡g wkïi Kvw•LZ `ÿZvmg~n wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv cwiPvjbvq wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq †Ljv cwiPvjbvi wbqg

127 128 128 128 129 132 135 135 135 136 137

†jLv          

Ab¨vb¨ KvR       

cwi‡ek weÁvb cÖhyw³ ¯^v¯’¨ wbivcËv mgvcbx cÖ‡R± IqvK©

AwffveK mfv I g~j¨vqb  AwffveK mfv  g~j¨vqb

evrmwiK cvV cwiKíbv wkÿK mnvwqKv

99 100 104 110 113 114 121 124 125

MwY‡Zi KvR    

c„ôv

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f‚wgKv          

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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1. jÿ I D‡Ïk¨ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv ev wcÖ-¯‥zj n‡jv AvbyôvwbK cÖv_wgK wkÿvi c~e©eZx© GK eQi †gqvw` wkÿv¯Íi †hLv‡b wkïi mvwe©K weKvk wbwðZ Kivi cvkvcvwk AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi wkïi ¯^Ztù‚Z© Awf‡lK NUv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖ¯‧wZi eë¯ v wbwðZ Kiv nq| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv g~jZ 5-6 eQi eqmx wkï‡ì kvixwiK, gvbwmK, eyw×e„wËK, fvlvMZ I mvgvwRK weKv‡ki gReyZ wfwË •Zwi K‡i _v‡K| GB wfwË wkï‡ì cÖv_wgK wkÿvi Rb¨ cÖ¯‧wZ‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L| 1.1 jÿ¨ Avb›`gq I wkïevÜe cwi‡e‡k cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi eqmx wkï‡ì (5+ eQi) eqm I mvg_©¨ Abyhvqx kvixwiK, gvbwmK, Av‡ewMK, mvgvwRK, bv›`wbK, eyw×e„Ëxq I fvlve„Ëxq Z_v mvwe©K weKv‡k mnvqZv w`‡q AvRxeb wkL‡bi wfwË iPbv Kiv Ges cÖv_wgK wkÿvi A½‡b Zv‡ì mvb›` I ¯^Ztù‚Z© Awf‡lK NUv‡bv| 1.2 D‡Ïk¨ K) Avb›`gq I wkïevÜe cwi‡e‡k wewfbœ †Ljv I Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g wkïi mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM m„wó Kiv: L) †kLvi cÖwZ BwZevPK g‡bvfve m„wó Kiv; M) wkïi †m․›`h„, bv›`wbKZv‡eva I myKzgvie„wË weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv; N) wkï‡K cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK I cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb Kiv; O) wbR¯^ mvs¯‥…wZK AvPvi, K…wó, gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv I HwZ‡nï m‡½ cwiP‡qi cvkvcvwk Gi PP©vq DrmvwnZ Ki| P) •bwZKZv, g~j¨‡eva I mvgvwRK ixwZbxwZ weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv; Q) wkïi ¯ ~j I m~²‡cwk Z_v Pjbkw³i weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv; R) ¯^v¯ ¨ m‡PZbZv I wbivcËv weav‡b mnvqZv Kiv; S) wkïi fvlv I †hvMv‡hvM `ÿZv weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv; T) cÖviw¤¢K MvwYwZK aviYv, †h․w³K wPšÍv I mgm¨v mgvav‡bi †hvM¨Zv AR©‡b mnvqZv Kiv` U) cwi‡e‡ki wbZ¨‣bwgwËK NUbv ch©‡eÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g KviY I djvdj m¤úK© Abyave‡b mnvqZv Kiv; V) wkïi ¯^Ztù‚Z© Kíbv, m„RbkxjZv I D™¢vebx kw³ weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv; W) wkïi AvZ¥wek¦vm I AvZ¥gh©`v weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv Geswb‡Ri KvR wb‡R Ki‡Z DØy× Kiv; X) Av‡e` eyS‡Z cv‡i I Zvi h_vh_ cÖKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv; Y) wkï‡K cvi¯úwiK mg‡SvZv, mn‡hvwMZv, mngwg©Zv I fvMvfvwM Ki‡Z mnvqZv I DØy× Kiv; Z) wkï‡K cÖkœ Ki‡Z AvMÖnx K‡i †Zvjv I gZvgZ cÖKv‡k DrmvwnZ Kiv; _) wkï‡K weÁvbgb¯‥ K‡i M‡o †Zvjv

wkÿK mnvwqKv

2. g~jbxwZ wkïi e„w×, weKvk I †kLv Zvi cwievi, Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek I mgvR Øviv e¨vcKfv‡e cÖfvweZ nq| ZvQvov mvgvwRK, mvs¯‥…wZK I agx©q g~j¨‡eva Ges wkïi weKvk I †kLvi Abb¨ •ewkó¨mg~n G‡ÿ‡Î D‡jøL‡hvM¨ f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| wkï‡K cwic~Y©fv‡e ey‡S Ges Zvi •ewkó¨mg~‡ni cÖwZ h_vh_ ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i mgwš^Zfv‡e cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv ev¯Íevqb I •`bw›`b wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡j e¨w³MZ I cÖvwZôvwbZK ch©v‡q wKQz aviYv, bxwZ I wek¦vm AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mKj Kvh©µ‡g Zvi cÖwZdjb _vK‡Z n‡e| Z‡eB wkïi myß m¤¢vebvi mvwe©K weKv‡k mnvqZv Kivi cvkvcvwk Zvi cieZx© Rxe‡bi wkÿvi Rb¨ k³ wfZ iPbv Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| ZvB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvµg cÖYq‡b I ev¯Íevq‡b wb‡¤œv³ aviYv, bxwZ I wek¦vmmg~nK‡K †g․wjK bxwZgvjv wn‡m‡e AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkï‡Kw›`ªKZv (Child centeredness) cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi GKwU Ab¨Zg bxwZ n‡jv wkï‡K †evSv, Zvi ÿgZvq Av¯ v ivLv Ges Zvi ¯^fve, cÖK…wZ, e¨w³Z¡ I gZvg‡Zi cÖwZ m¤§vb cÖ`k©b Kiv| wkïi e„w×, weKvk I †kLv cÖavbZ cwievi, we`¨vjq Ges mgvR Øviv cÖfvweZ| cwievi, we`¨vjq Ges mgvR-GB wZbwU ch©v‡qB mgwš^Zfv‡eKvh©µg Mn«Y Kiv n‡j Zv wkïi myß I AdzišÍ m¤¢vebv weKv‡k Ges mg„× Rxeb hvc‡bi w`‡K Zv‡K GwM‡q wb‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e| d‡j †kLvi gvbwmKZv I †kLvi cÖwZ AvMÖn m„wói gva¨‡g wkï AvRxeb wkL‡bi (Life long learning) Rb¨ cÖ¯‧Z nq| mwµq wkLb (Children as active learner) wkïiv mnRvZfv‡eB R‡b¥ici †_‡K AbvbyôvwbKfv‡e †k‡L| R‡b¥i ci †_‡K cÖwZwbqZ †h AwfÁZv I cwieZ©‡bi ga¨ w`q wkï eo nq, †mLv‡b mwµq I mnRvZ AskMÖnYB Zvi wkL‡bi g~j wfwË| Pvicv‡ki gvbyl I cwi‡ek m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi `ywb©evi AvMÖn I cixÿv-wbixÿv K‡i †`Lvi mnRvZ gvbwmKZvi Kvi‡Y wkïi cÖ_g Pvwn`v n‡‪Q mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM| †Kbbv wkï ¯^fveMZfv‡eB mwµq wkÿv_x©| Avi Zv‡ì weKvk I wkLb-cÖwµqv †h‡nZz evwo, we`¨vjq I Pvicv‡ki mvgvwRK cwi‡ek Øviv cÖwZwbqZ cÖfvweZ nq †m‡nZz mKj ch©v‡q Zvi mwµq wkL‡bi my‡hvM m„wóB wkïi weKvk I wkL‡bi g~jgš¿| cwiev‡ii m¤ú„³Zv (Family involvement) cvwievwiK †cÖÿvcU I cwi‡ek h_vh_fv‡e wkïi M‡o IVvi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †ÿÎ| wkïi e¨w³Z¡,wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© aviYv, g~j¨‡eva I `„wófw½i weKvk gvZvwcZv I cwiev‡ii Ab¨ m`m¨‡ì Øviv fxlYfv‡e cÖfvweZ nq| wkïi hZœ m¤ú‡K© gvZvwcZvi Ávb, cÖZ¨vkv I mšÍvb jvjb-cvj‡bi aib wkïi cieZx© Rxe‡bi bvbv w`‡Ki Dci cÖfve †d‡j| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wkïi wb‡Ri hZœ †bIqvi ÿgZv, mvgvwRK `„wófw½, we`¨vj‡q Zvi †kLvi cÖwµqv Ges mgv‡R Ab¨v‡ì mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k _vKvi cÖeYZv BZ¨vw`| G‡ÿ‡Î gvZvwcZv n‡jb GKvav‡i wkïi cÖ_g wkÿK Ges wkïi cwic~Y© weKvk mva‡b we`¨vj‡qi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© AskxRb| my Zivs wkïi weKv‡k cwievi GKwU AZ¨šÍ ¸iZ¡c~Y© wbqvgK Ges cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvq wkïi mvd‡jï Rb¨ cwiev‡ii m¤ú„³Zv AZ¨šÍ Riæwi| ¯‹zj-mwµq mvgvwRK cÖwZôvb (School as responsive social institute) we`¨vjq e„nËi mgv‡RiB GKwU ÿz`ª ms¯‥iY Ges GwU cwiev‡i I mgv‡Ri †mZzeÜb wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î ¯‥zj‡K Ggb wKQz wel‡q ¸iæZ¡ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z nq hv wkïi Rvbvi AvMÖ‡n cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

DÏwcbv w`‡Z, bZzb cwi‡e‡ki m‡½ Lvc LvIqv‡Z I kvixwiK, gvbwmK, eyw×e„wËK, •bwZK I bv›`wbK Z_v mvwe©K weKvk wbwðZ Ki‡Z AZ¨šÍ Riæwi| welqmg~n n‡jv: • wkïi cvwievwiK †cÖÿvcU †evSv Ges evev-gv I cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© m`‡mï mv‡_ Askx`vwiZ¡ I m¤úK© ¯ vcb Kiv| • mvgvwRK †cÖÿvcU I cÖ‡qvRb †evSv Ges h_vh_fv‡e mvgvwRK kw³ I m¤ú`‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv; • RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK cÖeYZv †evSv Ges †m Abyhvqx Kg©m~Px ev¯Íevqb Kiv| G‡ÿ‡Î ¯‥zj‡K mwµq mvgvwRK cÖwZôv‡bi f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e| wkïi cÖ¯‧wZi m‡½ †h‡nZz cwievi I ¯‥z‡ji cÖ¯‧wZ A½vw½fv‡e RwoZ †m‡nZz wkÿvµg cÖYqb I ev¯Íevq‡b ¯‥z‡ji f~wgKv ¸iæ‡Z¡i m‡½ we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| GKxf‚ZZv (Inclusiveness) G‡ÿ‡Î GKxf‚ZZv gv‡b wfbœZv‡K m¤§vb K‡i Ges †g‡b wb‡q mKj wkïi AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM I mdjZvi K_v wPšÍv K‡i h_vh_ D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvµg Ges wkLb-‡kLv‡bv c×wZ I DcKiY RvwZ, ag©, eY©, wj½, mÿgZv, A_©‣bwZK Ae¯ v wbwe©‡k‡l me ai‡bi wkï Ges Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii Pvwn`v I my‡ hv‡Mi K_v g‡b †i‡L cÖYqb Kiv Riæwi| wkLb- †kLv‡bv c×wZ I cwi‡ek h‡_ó bgbxq Ges wkïi ¯^Zš¿ Pvwn`v I wkLb Dcv‡qi m‡½ mvgÄm¨c~Y© n‡Z n‡e †hb mKj wkïi †kLvi AvMÖn eRvq _v‡K Ges wkLb Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi my‡hvM _v‡K| ZvB wkÿvµg cÖYqb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i ¯‥zj I cwievi ch©v‡q ev¯Íevq‡bi mKj av‡c GKxf‚ZZv‡K g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e AYymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| †`kxq ms¯‹…wZ, K…wó I HwZnvwmK wkLb (Local culture and heritage) AvZ¥m¤§vb I AvZ¥gh©v`v‡eva RvMÖZ Kivi Rb¨ wkï‡ì wbR¯^ ms¯‥…wZ, K…wó I HwZ‡nï m‡½ cwiPq Kwi‡q wb‡Ri ¯^KxqZv m¤ú‡K© AvZ¥wek¦vmx K‡i M‡o †Zvjv Riæwi| cvkvcvwk A‡bï ms¯‥…wZ I K…wó‡K m¤§vb Kivi Af¨vm M‡o †ZvjvI ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkL‡bi mKj †ÿ‡Î eo‡ì mnvqZvq evwo‡Z, ¯‥z‡j Ges mgv‡R ms¯‥…wZ,K…wó I HwZn¨wbf©i wkÿvcwi‡ek wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿvµg cÖYq‡b I ev¯Íevq‡b †`kxq ms¯‥…wZ I K…wówbf©i wkLb‡K g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| m¤úK© (Relationship) wkïi weKvk I †kLv eû¸‡Y †eo hvq hw` Zvi m‡OM& Ab¨ wkïi, wkÿ‡Ki wKsev eo‡ì mym¤úK© M‡o I‡V| Avevi hLb cwiev‡ii m`m¨ wKsev mgv‡Ri cÖwZwbwa‡ì m‡½ wkÿ‡Ki m¤úK© M‡o I‡V ZLb mvwe©Kfv‡e GKwU cÖvK cÖv_wgK wkÿv D‡`¨v‡Mi gvbI †e‡o hvq A‡bKvs‡k| m¤úK© cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv eë¯ vq AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb|| cieZx©‡Z e„nËi cwim‡i mvgvwRK I gvbweK ¸Yvewjm¤úbœ gvbyl wn‡m‡e wkï‡ì M‡o Zzj‡Z AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi cÖ_g av‡c m¤úK© •Zwii welqwU‡K ¸iæ‡Z¡i m‡½ we‡ePbvi g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvwicvwk¦©K cwi‡ek (Immediate environment) cvwicvwk¦©K cwi‡ek wkïi weKvk I wkLb‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i| †Zgwb mvwe©K mvgvwRK cwi‡ek cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi bxwZ-wb‡`©kbv‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i| Avevi mvgvwRK K…wó I ms¯‥…wZ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv m¤ú‡K© wkÿK mnvwqKv

gvZvwcZvi cÖZ¨vkv‡K cÖfvweZK‡i| wkïi mvwe©K weKvk I wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡Z ZvB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv‡K Aek¨B Zvi cvwicvwk¦©K I mvgvwRK cwi‡e‡ki cÖwZ ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e| wbKU cwi‡ek I Pvicv‡k wkïi †kLvi ch©vß Dcv`vb i‡q‡Q| ZvB wkïi cwic~Y© weKv‡k cwievi, mgvR I we`¨vj‡qi mgwš^Z I mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡Póvi cÖ‡qvRb Acwinvh©| cwi‡ek evÜeZv (Environment friendliness) cÖK…wZI cwi‡ek gvby‡li AK…wÎg eÜz| cwieZ©b cwiw¯ wZ‡Z GB `k©‡bi wePz¨wZ cy‡iv c„w_ex‡K gnv wech©‡qi w`‡K †V‡j w`‡q‡Q| Avi Zvi wkKvi n‡‪Q A‡cÿvK…Z myweavewÂZiv| GKwU cwi‡ek evÜe cÖRb¥ GB wech©q †VKv‡Z Abb¨ f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avi GB aviYvi jvjb Ki‡Z n‡e Rxe‡bi ïiæ †_‡KB| †mB j‡ÿ¨ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvµ‡g cwi‡ek evÜeZvi welqwU ¸iæ‡Z¡i m‡½ we‡ePbv K‡i Gi Dbœqb I ev¯Íevq‡bi mKj av‡c g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

3. wkïi weKvk I weKv‡ki †ÿÎ wkïi weKvk n‡‪Q Ae¨vnZ I mgwóMZ cÖwµqv| Rb¥MZfv‡e gvbe kixi Zvi Bw›`ªq I A½-cÖZ‡½i gva¨‡g Pvicvk †_‡K bZzb wKQz MÖnY I AbymÜv‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯‧Z _v‡K| d‡j gw¯Í®‥ I kixi µgvMZ cwiYZ n‡Z _v‡K| Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek I hZœKvixi mv‡_ µgvMZ cvi¯úwiK wµqvi gva¨‡g wkïi cÂ-Bw›`ªq I A½-cÖZ½ eënv‡i µgk `ÿ n‡q M‡o IVvi cÖwµqvB g~jZ weKvk| ZvB wkï Zvi hZœKvix I Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek †_‡K eqm Dc‡hvMx cvi¯úwiK wµqvg~jK h‡Zœi gva¨‡g DÏxcbv †c‡j Zvi mvgwMÖK weKvk Z¡ivwš^Z nq| wkïi mylg I mgwš^Z weKvk wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡j wewfbœ Dcv‡q, Zvi cÂ-Bw›`ªq I A½-cÖZ¨½ eënv‡ii my‡hvM †i‡L Zvi m‡½ cvi¯úwiK wµqv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| G‡ÿ‡Î cwi‡ek-cwiw¯ wZ Ges wkï‡ì g‡a¨ weivRgvb cv_©K¨ we‡ePbv K‡i h‡_ó bgbxq Dcv‡q wkïi m‡½ cvi¯úwiK †hvMv‡hvM Kivi wb‡`©kbv wµqAµg ev¯Íevq‡b wbwðZ Kiv Riæwi| GKwU K‡Vvi iæwUb AbymiYbv K‡i wkï‡ì †kLvi Kg©KvÛ †hb Zvi wkLb-AwfÁZv I Pvwn`vi wfwË‡Z weKv‡ki ¯Íi Abyhvqx cwiPvjbv Kiv hvq Giƒc my‡hvM m„wó KivB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi g~j D‡Ïk¨| wkïi mvwe©K weKvk‡K evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖÿvc‡U 4wU Domain ev †ÿ‡Î fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvµg cÖYq‡bi †ÿ‡Î wkÿvµ‡gi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx 4wU weKv‡ki †ÿÎ we‡ePbvi cvkvcvwk weKv‡ki †ÿÎ‡K 8wU Learnign Area ev wkLb‡ÿ‡Î wefvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZwU wkLY‡ÿÎ‡K GKvwaK AR©‡bvc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv I cÖwZwU AR©b‡bvc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv‡K GKvwaK wkLbd‡j wbw`©ó Kiv n‡q‡Q| cieZx©‡Z cÖwZwU wkLYdj AR©‡bi Rb¨ cwiKwíZ KvR ev wkLY- †kLv‡bv †K․kj cÖYqb K‡i wkÿK mnvwqKvmn Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv DcKiY cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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wkÿK mnvwqKv

wkÿb‡ÿÎ 1. kvixwiK I PjbÿgZv

AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv wbqwgZ nvUvPjv, †`․ov‡bv, †Ljv, kvixwiK KmiZ I wewfbœ Kv‡R AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cvi| wewfbœ wRwbm ai‡Z, AvuK‡Z I •Zwi Ki‡Z cviv| wewfbœ Bw›`ª‡qi eënvi I mgš^q K‡i KvR Ki‡Z cviv| 2. mvgvwRK I mvgvwRK ixwZ †g‡b eo‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM I AvPiY Ki‡Z cviv| Av‡ewMK eÜz I mgeqmx‡ì mv‡_ †gjv‡gkv Ki‡Z cviv| mvgvwRK ¸Yvewj AR©‡bi gva¨‡g wg‡jwg‡k _vK‡Z cviv| AvZ¥m‡PZb nIqv, AvZ¥wbqš¿Y Kiv I Av‡eM cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv| •bwZKZv I g~j¨‡eva m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb nIqv evsjv‡`‡ki ms¯‥…wZ I HwZ‡nï PP©v Kiv| 3. fvlv I fve MÖnY ( †`Lv Ges †kvbv) I cÖKvk (ejv ev kvixwiK A½fw½) Ki‡Z cviv| †hvMv‡hvM co‡Z cviv (cÖvK-cVb) wjL‡Z cviv (cÖvK wjLb) 4. cÖviw¤¢K cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv AR©b Kiv| MwYZ msL¨vi aviYv AR©b Kiv| msL¨v wjL‡Z cviv| msL¨vi Zzjbv Ki‡Z cviv| †hv‡Mi aviYv AR©b Kiv| we‡qv‡Mi aviYv AR©b Kiv| 5. m„RbkxjZv Pviæ I Kviæ Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g m„RbkxjZv I bv›`wbKZv cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv I bv›`wbKZv Qov, bvP, Mvb, Mí I Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g m„RbkxjZv I bv›`wbKZv cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv| •`bw›`b wewfbœ Kv‡R bv›`wbKZvi cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv| 6. cwi‡ek cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ e¯‧ I NUbv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cviv| cwi‡ek msiÿY Ki‡Z cviv| 7. weÁvb I weÁvbgb¯‥ nIqv| cÖhyw³ Ro, Rxe, Dw™¢` I cÖvYx m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cviv| wbZëënvh© cÖhyw³ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cviv| Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³ m¤ú‡K© cÖv_wgK aviYv jvf Kiv| wewfbœ cÖKvi hvbevnb m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cviv| 8. ¯^v¯ ¨ I ¯^v¯ ¨ m¤úwK©Z •`bw›`b KvR Ki‡Z Ges Lvevi I wekÖv‡gi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡Z cviv| wbivcËv wbivc` I SzuwKgy³ _vKvi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡Z cviv|

5. cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi wewfbœ KvR wkïi mvwe©K weKv‡ki Rb¨ cÖZ¨vwkZ AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv Ges wkLb d‡ji cÖwZ jÿ †i‡L wcÖ -¯‥z‡j wewfbœ ai‡bi welqwfwËK KvR wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| G mKj Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wkï‡`i kvixwiK I PjbÿgZvi weKvk, mvgvwRK I Av‡ewMK `ÿZvi weKvk, fvlv I †hvMv‡hvM `ÿZvi weKvk Ges eyw×e„wËK weKvk m¤úwK©Z KvR| GQvov wkïiv †hb mvgvwRKfv‡e AvKl©Yxq e¨w³‡Z¡i AwaKvix n‡q M‡o cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

I‡V ZvI cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi welq I KvR wba©vi‡Y ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wcÖ-¯‥z‡ji welq ev KvRmg~n wb‡P D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv • •`wbK mgv‡ek I ï‡f‪Qv • e¨vqvg • m„Rbkxj KvR ( Qov, Mvb, bvP, Mí, Pviæ, Kviæ I Awfbq) • fvlvi KvR ( †kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb) • MwY‡Zi KvR (cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv, msL¨vi avibv I †jLv, †hvM-we‡qvM) • †Ljv (B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljv I wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv) • Ab¨vb¨ KvR (cwi‡ek, weÁvb, cÖhyw³, ¯^v¯ ¨, wbivcËv I mgvcbx) cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi cÖZ¨vwkZ AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv I wkLbdjmg~n AR©‡b Dc‡i ewY©Z KvRmg~n mymsMwVZfv‡e †kÖwYK‡ÿ Kivi Rb¨ GKwU iæwUb Kiv n‡q‡Q| wb‡¤œ ewY©Z K¬vm iæwUb Abyhvqx wkÿK †kÖwY K‡ÿ wkï‡`i m‡½ wba©vwiZ KvRmg~n ev¯Íevqb Ki‡eb| iæwUb Abyhvqx •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwii Rb¨ we¯ÍvwiZ Kvh©µg wb‡q GKwU evrmwiK cvV cwiKíbv cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK gvm wfwËK G cwiKíbv AbymiY K‡i •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi Ki‡eb Ges cÖvKcÖv_wgK †kÖwY cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

6. cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi wkLb- †kLv‡bv mvgMÖxi ZvwjKv I eënvi wb‡`©kbv wkLb-†kLv‡bv †h eënvi gšÍe¨ mvgMÖxi bvg Ki‡eb wkÿK wkÿ‡Ki cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv we`¨vjq ch©v‡q ev¯Íevqb msµvšÍ wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ mnvwqKv eënv‡ii Rb¨ mKj Z_¨ wkÿK mnvwqKv‡Z mwbœ‡ewkZ Kiv Av‡Q| wkÿK mnvwqKv n‡jv cÖvK-cÖv_wg‡Ki g~j wkLb- †kLv‡bv mvgMÖx| wkÿK g~jZ wkÿK mnvwqKv AbymiY K‡i we`¨vj‡q cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| Avgvi eB wkÿv_x©i Rb¨ Avgvi eB g~jZ wkï‡ì Rb¨ IqvK©eyK| cÖwZwU wkïi Rb¨ GKwU K‡i Avgvi eB mieivn Kiv n‡e| wkÿK mnvwqKvi wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx cÖ‡qvRbxq †ÿ‡Î wkïiv Avgvi eB- †Z KvR Ki‡e I Abykxjb Ki‡e| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi mKj wkLbdj Avgvi eB‡Z cÖwZdjb NUv‡bv nqwb| myZivs Avgvi eB Gi eënvi m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wkÿK mnvwqKvi wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx wkï‡ì w`‡q Kiv‡Z n‡e| ¯îeY© PvU© I wkÿK I ¯îeY© I e¨ÄbeY© Pv‡U© Qovq-Q‡›` ¯îeY© I e¨ÄbeY© cwiwPZ Kiv‡bv e¨ÄbeY© PvU© wkÿv_x© n‡q‡| GwU †kÖwYK‡ÿi †Ìqv‡j memgq Szjv‡bv _vK‡e| KLb Kxfv‡e eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e Zvi wb‡`©kbv wkÿK mnvwqKv‡Z D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK mnvwqKv

wd¬cPvU©

I cwi‡ek, weÁvb, cÖhyw³, ¯^v¯ ¨ I wbivcËvi wewfbœ welq wd¬cPv‡U© AšÍf~©³ Kiv Av‡Q| wd¬cPv‡U© †gvU 13wU cvZv i‡q‡Q 13wU wfbœ wfbœ wel‡q Dc¯ vcb Kivi Rb¨| wkÿK mnvwqKvi wb‡`©kbv †gvZv‡eK wkÿK cÖ‡qvRbxq †ÿ‡Î wd¬cPvU© eënvi Ki‡eb| GwU †kÖwYK‡ÿi †Ìqv‡j memgq Szjv‡bv _vK‡e| d¬vmKvW© wkÿv_x©‡ì Rb¨ GK †m‡U †gvU 70wU d¬vmKvW© i‡q‡Q| ¯îeY© I e¨Äbe‡Y©i 50wU (70wU Kv‡W©i e‡Y©i Rb¨ 50wU eY© KvW© Ges 1 †_‡K 20 ch©šÍ msL¨vi Rb¨ 20wU GKwU †mU) msL¨v KvW© cÖwZ †mU d¬vmKv‡W© i‡q‡Q| GQvov eY© I msL¨v Kv‡W©i eY© I msL¨vi wcQ‡b wewfbœ wPÎ mwbœ‡ewkZ i‡q‡Q| wPÎ¸‡jvi wewfbœ wel‡qi mv‡_ mswkøó ( †hgb-weÁvb, cÖhyw³, †Ljv, ¯^v¯ ¨ I wbivcËv BZ¨vw`) Z‡e G †ÿ‡Î g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, eY© I msL¨v Kv‡W©i wcQ‡bi wP‡Îi mv‡_ eY© I msL¨v †Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB| eY©, msL¨v I wcQ‡bi wPÎ wfbœ wfbœ cÖ‡qvR‡b wkÿK mnvwqKvi wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx wkÿKMY eënvi Ki‡eb| cÖwZwU we`¨vj‡q 6 †mU d¬vmKvW© mieivn Kiv n‡e| M‡íi eB wkÿv_x©‡ì Rb¨ M‡íi eB Gi GK †m‡U cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi wkï‡ì Dc‡hvMx 0wU (10wU M‡íi wfbœ wfbœ M‡íi eB i‡q‡Q| M‡íi eB eënv‡ii c×wZ I wb‡`©kbv eB Gi GKwU wkÿK mnvwqKv‡Z D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK mnvwqKvi wb‡`©kbv I †mU) c×wZ Abyhvqx wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q M‡íi eB w`‡q wewfbœ Kvh©µg Pvjv‡eb| cÖwZwU we`¨vj‡q 3 †mU M‡íi eB mieivn Kiv n‡e| G‡mv wjL‡Z wkÿv_x©i Rb¨ G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv wkï‡ì †jLAi Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ cÖYqb Kiv wkwL n‡q‡Q| GwU eënv‡ii wb‡`©kbv wkÿK mnvwqKv‡Z D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| fvlvi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ LvZvwU eënvi Kiv n‡e| cÖwZwU wkïi Rb¨ GKwU K‡i LvZv mieivn Kiv n‡e| †Ljvi mvgMÖx wkÿv_x©‡ì Rb¨ cÖwZwU cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z 4wU K‡i KY©vi _vK‡e| KY©vi 4wU n‡jvI Ab¨vb¨ Kíbvi Kb©vi, eøK I bvovPvovi Kb©vi, eB I AvuKvi Kb©vi Ges evwj DcKiY I cvwbi Kb©vi| GB 4wU KY©v‡i †hme †LLvi mvgMÖx I DcKiY _vK‡e Zvi ZvwjKv 133-134 b¤î c„ôvq mshy³ Kiv i‡q‡Q| †Ljvi mvgMÖx I DcKiYmg~n we`¨vjq‡K ¯ vbxqfv‡e mMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e| †Ljvi mvgMÖx I DcKiYmg~n B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Kv‡Ri cvkvcvwk Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡ÎI eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb-gyKvwfbq, Awfbq, m„Rbkxj KvR, MwY‡Zi KvR, fvlvi KvR BZ¨vw`| nvwRiv LvZv wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ nvwRiv LvZvq wkÿv_x©‡ì Dcw¯ wZi †iKW© Kivi cvkvcvwk wkÿK I wkÿv_x© mnvwqKvi 200 c„ôvq DwjøwLZ mKj wkÿv_x©i Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`v g~j¨vqb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv_x©i eQie¨vcx g~j¨vqb QK mshy³ Ki‡Z n‡e| Ab¨vb¨ wkÿK I KvMR KvUvi KuvwPU, is †cwÝj, is †cwÝj, kvc©bvi, ivevi, mv`v DcKiY wkÿv_x©‡ì Rb¨ KvMR BZ¨vw`| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

wkÿK wkÿv_x©

wkÿK mnvwqKv

•`wbK mgv‡ek

kwbevi

iweevi

†mvgevi

g½jevi

eyaevi

e„n¯úwZevi

e¨vqvg

(5wg)

e¨vqvg

Mí

Qov-bvP

(20wg)

m„Rbkxj KvR (Qov, Mvb, bvP I Mí) (20 wg) Pviæ

cwi‡ek

Kviæ

cÖhyw³ ¯^v¯ ¨ Awfbq (GKK, cwiw¯ wZ, Mí)

(25wg) †kvbv-ejv cÖvK cVb I cÖvK wjLb †kvbv-ejv cÖvK cVb I cÖvK wjLb †kvbv-ejv cÖvK cVb I cÖvK wjLb †kvbv-ejv cÖvK cVb I cÖvK wjLb †kvbv-ejv cÖvK cVb I cÖvK wjLb †kvbv-ejv cÖvK cVb I cÖvK wjLb

fvlvi KvR

m„Rbkxj KvR (Pviæ, Kviæ, Awfbq) cwi‡ek ¯^v¯’¨, cÖhyw³

wb‡`©kbv †Ljv

(20 wg)

†Ljv

weÁvb wbivcËv

MwYZ

(25 wg)

MwYZ weÁvb wbivcËv

B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljv

(20 wg)

B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv

mgvcYx KvR

(5wg)

mgvcYx

 cÖwZ e„n¯úwZevi weÁvb I e¨w³MZ wbivcËv K¬v‡mi cÖ_g Qq gvm weÁvb Ges cieZx© Qq gvm e¨w³MZ wbivcËv welqK KvR cwiPvwjZ n‡e|

 cÖwZ gv‡mi †kl e„n¯úwZevi Awfbq K¬v‡mi cwie‡Z© mvs¯‥…wZK Abyôvb Av‡qvwRZ n‡e| wkïiv H gv‡mi Qov, bvP, Mí I Awfbq, Pviæ I Kviæ KvR †_‡K wbe©vwPZ Ask wb‡q G Abyôv‡bi Av‡qvRb Ki‡e| wkÿK cÖ_‡g Av‡qvR‡bi `vwqZ¡ wb‡jI wkïiv `‡j ch©vµ‡g G Abyôv‡bi `vwqZ¡ wb‡e|

(10 wg)

•`wbK mgv‡ek

mgq

w`b

•`bw›`b Kvh©µg

7. mvßvwnK K¬vm iæwUb

8. evrmwiK cwiKíbv †_‡K mvßvwnK iæwUb Abyhvwq •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ KvRmg~n cwiKwíZfv‡e wkï‡`i wb‡q Kivi Rb¨ mvßvwnK K¬vm iæwUb (c„ôv-10) Ges evrmwiK cvV cwiKíbv (c„ôv-202206) wkÿK mnvwqKv‡Z mwbœ‡ek Kiv n‡q‡Q| evrmwiK cwiKíbv †_‡K KvR Abyhvwq †h †Kvb gv‡mi ewY©Z welqmg~n wb‡q mvßvwnK iæwU‡b •`wbK eivÏK…Z mgq Abyhvwq mßvnwfwËK GKwU cwiKíbv cÖYqb KivB n‡‪Q iæwUb Abyhvwq cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi| †hgb, m„Rbkxj KvR (Qov, Mvb bvP I Mí) Gi 1g gv‡mi Qov Kv‡R †gvU 2wU Qov ivLv n‡q‡Q, evK evKzg cvqiv Ges Avq Avq Puv` gvgv| mvßvwnK K¬vm iæwU‡b Qovi KvR Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ mßv‡n 20 wgwbU K‡i `yB w`b A_©vr gv‡m †gvU 8 w`b eivÏ Av‡Q| †m †n‡m‡e GKwU Qov Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ wkÿK †gvU Pvi w`b mgq cv‡eb| Gevi wkÿK mnvwqKvq Qov PP©v Kiv‡bvi c×wZ Abyhvwh GKwU Qov c~Y©v½ fv‡e PP©vi Rb¨ †h avcmg~n Av‡Q †m¸‡jv AbymiY K‡i evK evKzg cvqiv QovwU Pvi w`b m¤úbœ Kivi cwiKíbv cÖYqb KivB n‡‪Q •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi Kiv| Gfv‡e Avq Avq Puv` gvgv QovwUi Rb¨ Pviw`‡bi cwiKíbv •Zwi Ki‡jB 1g gv‡mi Qov Kv‡Ri Rb¨ •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi n‡q hv‡e| GBK c×wZ AYymiY K‡i mKj wel‡qi Rb¨ •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi Ki‡Z n‡e|

9. cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi •ewkl¨ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡b Ges wkï‡`i gv‡S m‡e©v‪P KvwOÿZ djvdj †c‡Z Gi h_vh_ ev¯Íevq‡b wbw`©ó wKQz •ewkó¨, †f․Z myweavw` Ges ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqmg~n we‡ePbv Kiv Riæwi| ev¯Íevq‡bi ¸YMZ gvb‡K GKwU KvwOÿZ j‡ÿ¨ wb‡q †h‡Z Ges eZ©gvb †cÖÿvcU we‡ePbvq Ggbfv‡e GB •ewkó¨, myweavw` I wel‡qi K_v wPšÍv Kiv n‡q‡Q †hb eZ…gv‡b mgfv‡e wbwðZ Kiv bv †M‡jI mg‡qi m‡½ m‡½ Zv ch©vqµ‡g AR©b Kiv hvq| wb‡¤œ •ewkó¨, myweavw` I welqmg~‡ni mswÿß weeiY Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|

†kÖwY‡Z wkïi msL¨v GKwU cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z m‡e©v‪P 30 Rb wkïi Dcw¯ wZ wPšÍv K‡i wkÿvµ‡gi jÿ¨ AR©‡b wba©vwiZ wkLb†kLv‡bv cÖwµqv wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î 30 R‡bi AwaK wkï GKwU †kÖwY‡Z _vK‡j wkLb- †kLv‡bv cÖwµqv cwiPvjbvq †hgb wkÿK cÖwZeÜKZvi m¤§yLxb n‡eb, †Zgwb cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKi‡Yi ¯^íZv wkïi h_vh_ wkL‡bi AšÍivq n‡e| myZivs GKwU cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z m‡e©v‪P 30 Rb wkï _vKv evÄbxq| eZ©gvb †cÖÿvc‡U G wbqg †g‡b Pjv m¤¢e bv n‡j ch©vqµ‡g hv‡Z Zv AR©b Kiv hvq †mw`‡K jKl ivL‡Z n‡e|

†kÖwY‡Z wkÿ‡Ki msL¨v 30 Rb wkïi GKwU cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z Kgc‡ÿ GKRb wkÿK mve©ÿwYK Dcw¯ Z _vK‡eb| Z‡e h_vh_fv‡e wkLb- †kLv‡bv cÖwµqv cwiPvjbv Ges wkL‡bi ¸YMZ gv‡bi Dbœqb NUv‡Z GK †_‡K `yB Rb †¯^‪Qv‡mex wkÿK/ AwffveK Gi mnvqZv †bIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î †¯^‪Qv‡mex wkÿK/ AwffveK‡`i Dchy³ cÖwkÿ‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv i‡q‡Q|

†kÖwYKÿ 30 Rb wkï wb‡q b~¨bZg gvb eRvq †i‡L wkÿvµ‡gi wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ AšÍZ 250 eM©dzU gv‡ci GKwU †kÖwYK‡ÿi cÖ‡qvRb| †kÖwYKÿvU †Lviv‡gjv I Av‡jv-evZvmc~Y© nIqv evÄbxq| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

†kÖwYKÿ wKsev †kÖwYKÿ msjMœ nvZ †avqvi RvqMv Ges wkï‡`i e¨envi Dc‡hvMx Uq‡jU _vK‡Z n‡e| wkLb†kLv‡bv Kvh©µ‡gi Ask wn‡m‡e KvR I †Ljv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡i †Lvjv RvqMv _vKv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

cÖ‡qvRbxq AvmevecÎ I wbqwgZ †÷kbvwi mieivn cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi †kÖwYKÿ h_vm¤¢e †Lviv ev Db¥y³ ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †hb wkïiv Pjv‡divi h‡_ó RvqMv cvq| wkï‡ì emvi Rb¨ gv`yi _vK‡Z cv‡i †hb wkï B‡‪Qg‡Zv wb‡Ri Ae¯ vb cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges Avivg K‡i em‡Z cv‡i| †W¯‥ Iqv‡K©i Rb¨ m¤¢e n‡j wkï‡ì emvi Dc‡hvMx wKQz †QvU †Pqvi I †Uwej _vK‡Z cv‡i| GQvov wkï‡ì D‪PZvi mv‡_ wg‡j †i‡L GKwU PK‡evW© Ges wkï‡ì KvR, AvuKv Qwe Ges †jLv cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ wWm‡cø †evW©, †kjd, ZvK I n¨v½vi ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i| †kÖwYK‡ÿi Rb¨ G mKj ¯ vqw m¤ú` QvovI wKQz wbqwgZ eënvh© wRwb‡mi ( †÷kbvwi) cÖ‡qvRb c‡o hv wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †hgb-iwOb KvMR, PK, Wv÷vi, KuvwP, AvVv, †cv÷vi †ccvi, eøy U¨vK BZ¨vw`| GQvov wkLb†kLv‡bv mvgMÖx †h¸‡jv eënv‡ii ci wKsev bó n‡q †M‡q cwieZ©‡bi cÖ‡qvRb c‡o †m¸‡jv wbqwgZ cwieZ©‡bi eë¯ v _vKv Riæwi|

wkLb-†kLb mvgMÖx I DcKiY wkÿvµ‡gi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx †h mg¯Í wkLY- †kLv‡bv mvgMÖx I DcKiY †kÖwY ch©v‡q †cu․Qv‡bv cª‡qvRb h_vmg‡q h_vh_fv‡e Zvi mieivn wbwðZ Kiv Riæwi| wkÿvµ‡gi mdj ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Abycy‫‫‬L we‡kølYc~e©K G mvgMÖx I DcKiY Dbœqb Kiv n‡q‡Q weavq G¸‡jv h_vmg‡q mieivn I Kvh©Ki e¨envi wewNœZ n‡j KvwOÿZ djvdj AR©b m¤¢e bq| GQvov wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µ‡gi wb‡`©kbv †gvZv‡eK wewfbœ mg‡q †h ai‡bi mvgMÖx/ DcKiY ¯ vbxqfv‡e •Zwi, msMÖn, e¨envi I msiÿ‡Yi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q †kÖ wY ch©v‡q ZvI wbwðZ Kiv Riæwi|

wkLY mgq cÖwZw`b †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkLb- †kLv‡bv mgq n‡e AvovB NÈv| mßv‡n 6 Kvh©wèm a‡i mKj ai‡bi miKvwi QzwU,AbvKvw‫‫‬ÿZ QzwU, Drme Ges cÖvK…wZK wech©‡qi †cÖÿvcU we‡ePbv K‡i †kÖwYK‡ÿi Rbª eQ‡i †gvU 185 Kvh©wèm a‡i cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvµg web¨¯Í Kiv n‡q‡Q| myZivs †kÖwYi Rb¨ wba©vwiZ 185 wU Kvh©wè‡m cÖwZw`b AvovB NÈv K‡i †kÖwY Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡j GB wkÿvµ‡gi mKj cwiKwíZ Kvh©µg h_vmg‡q m¤úbœ Kiv hv‡e|

cwievi‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e wkLY- †kLb Kv‡R m¤ú„³KiY cÖvK-cÖ_wgK wkÿvi jÿ¨ AR©‡b wkÿvµg cÖYq‡bi mgq wbw`©ó wkLbdj AR©‡b ïay †kÖwYK‡ÿi wkLb†kLv‡bv Kv‡Ri DciB wbf©i Kiv nqwb eis evwo ev cwiev‡ii m‡½ wbweo †hvMv‡hvM ¯ vc‡bi gva¨‡g wkïi weKvk I wkLb Z¡ivwš^Z Kivi Dci ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿvµ‡gi KvwOÿZ jÿ¨ AR©‡b ¯‥zj ch©v‡q ev¯Íevq‡bi †ÿ‡Î AvbyôvwbKfv‡e cwievi‡K m¤ú„³ Kiv Riæwi| †h‡nZz weKvk I wkL‡bi †ekwKQz wel‡q cwiev‡ii Dci wbf©iZv i‡q‡Q †m‡nZz cwievi‡K h_vh_fv‡e m¤ú„³ bv Ki‡j wkÿvµ‡gi mdj ev¯Íevqb wbwðZ Kiv hv‡e bv| wkÿK mnvwqKv

10. wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ Z_¨ I wb‡`©kvewj cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv ev¯Íevq‡bi g~j PvwjKv kw³ n‡‪Q wkÿK| wkÿK cwiKíbv Abyhvqx mKj Kvh©µg †kÖwY‡Z h_vh_fv‡e ev¯Íevqb Ki‡jB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi g~j jÿ¨ AwR©b n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î wkï‡ì m‡½ h_vh_fv‡e wba©vwiZ KvR Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡ì mv‡_ mwVKfv‡e †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Dcvq wKsev Zviv Kxfv‡e †k‡L Giƒc ZË¡xq welq †hgb wkÿK‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e †Zgwb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY cwiPvjbvq Zvi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ m¤ú‡K© I Zv‡K m‡PZb n‡Z n‡e| wb‡¤œ `yBwU As‡k wkÿK‡ì Rb¨ we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨ I wb‡`©kvewj Zz‡j aiv n‡jv-

10-K. wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz Z_¨ wkïi •ewkó¨ wkï‡ì wbR¯^ wKQz mvaviY •ewkó¨ i‡q‡Q| Gme •ewkó¨ we‡ePbvq †i‡L cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z wkï‡ì Rb¨ Kvh©µg MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb• me wkï GKiKg bq| cÖwZwU wkïB Aci wkï †_‡K Avjv`v, Zvi wbR¯^ GKwU mËv i‡q‡Q| • wkïiv wb‡R‡ì g‡Zv K‡i c„w_ex †`‡L, eo‡ì g‡Zv K‡i bq| • wkïiv †Kv‡bv wKQz‡Z †ewkÿY g‡bv‡hvM a‡i ivL‡Z cv‡i bv| • wkïiv †Ljvi gva¨‡g I bvbviKg KvR K‡i †k‡L| • wkïiv AvZ¥‡Kw›`ªK nq| • wkï‡ì cÖavb `yBwU Pvwn`v n‡jv• fv‡jvevmv cvIqv I eo‡ì Kv‡Q MÖnYxq nIqv| • AbymÜvb Kiv, bvbv iKg KvR Kiv I wbR¯^ mËv‡K cÖKvk Kiv|

wkï‡ì mv‡_ mdj †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Dcvq wkïi •ewkó¨¸‡jv ey‡S †m Abyhvqx Zv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z n‡e| cv‡Vi mdjZv wbf©i K‡i wkïi mv‡_ wkÿ‡Ki mnR I mvejxj fve wewbg‡qi Ici| fve wewbgq `yBfv‡e n‡Z cv‡i| †g․wLK Ges A‡g․wLK| †g․wLK fve wewbg‡qi mg‡q wKQz wel‡qi w`‡K jÿ ivL‡Z n‡e| †hgbÑ • Lye DPz ¯^‡i K_v bv ejv: • Lye wbP ¯^‡i K_v bv ejv: • mnR fvlvq mivmwi I ax‡i ax‡i K_v ejv; • K_vi fv‡ei mv‡_ wgj †i‡L KÉ¯^‡ii IVvbvgv wVK ivLv; • wkï‡ì K_v ejvi gvSLv‡b K_v bv ejv; • wkï‡ì Ggb cÖkœ Kiv †hLv‡b wPšÍv Kivi my‡hvM _v‡K| • •bwZevPK K_v ejv †_‡K weiZ _vKv; A‡g․wLK fve wewbg‡qi jÿYxq w`K¸‡jv n‡jv:• wkï‡ì mv‡_ †Pv‡L †Pv‡L †hvMv‡hvM ivLv; • wkï‡ì mv‡_ nvwmLywk _vKv; cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

• • • •

wkï‡`i mvg‡b AvšÍwiKfv‡e emv; wkï‡`i KvQvKvwQ hvIqv; nvZ-gv_v-gyL bvovPvovi g‡a¨ GKwU mgš^q iÿv Kiv K_vi fv‡ei mv‡_ A½fw½ wVK ivLv|

wkï‡`i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ev fve wewbg‡qi †ÿ‡Î cÖkœ Kiv Ges cÖ‡kœi DËi †kvbv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkï‡`i‡K Ggb cÖkœ Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Zvi wPšÍv Kivi my‡hvM cvq| cÖkœ mvaviYZ wZb ai‡bi n‡q _v‡K| †hgb-

1. Agy³ cÖkœ G ai‡bi cÖ‡kœi DËi mvaviYZ Ônu¨vÕ ev ÔbvÕ nq A_ev LyeB mswÿß nq| Gme cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z wkï‡`i wPšÍv Kivi ev †ewk K_v ejvi my‡hvM _v‡K bv| †hgb- Ô G RvqMvUv wK †Zvgvi fv‡jv jv‡M?Õ G ai‡bi cÖkœ wkïi fvlv weKv‡k †Zgb GKUv mnvqZv K‡i bv|

2. gy³ cÖkœ G ai‡bi cÖkœ wkï‡K wPšÍv Ki‡Z Ges Zvi wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i DËi w`‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| G‡Z †m Zvi aAiYv, AwfÁZv cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb- ÔGB RvqMvUv †Zvgvi fv‡jv jv‡M †Kb?Õ

3. cÖfvweZ cÖkœ: G ai‡bi cÖ‡kœi DË‡i cÖkœKZ©v Zvi cQ‡›ì DËi Avkv K‡i A_©vr wkï ev DËi`vZv cÖ‡kœi MwZ cÖfvweZ nq| †hgb- Ô G RvqMvUv Lye my›ì, ZvB bv?Õ G ai‡bi cÖkœ Ki‡j wkïiv Zv‡ì wbR¯^ gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki my‡hvM cvq bv| eis cÖkœKZ©vi B‪Qv-Awb‪Qvbyhvqx DËi †`q| wkï‡ì me ai‡bi cÖkœB Kiv DwPZ n‡e Z‡e gy³ cÖ‡kœi eënvi †ewk _vK‡Z n‡e|

wkïiv Kxfv‡e †k‡L wkïiv wewfbœfA‡e †k‡L| †KD †`‡L †k‡L, †KD ï‡b †k‡L, †KD K_vi gva¨‡g †k‡L| Avevi †h †`‡L †k‡L, †m ï‡b ev Ab¨fv‡e †h †k‡L bv Zv wKš‧ bq| †Zgwb †h †kvbvi gva¨‡g †k‡L, †m Ab¨fv‡eI wkL‡Z cv‡i| cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi †kLvi ai‡bB GKUv wbR¯^Zv _v‡K| Z‡e g~jK_v n‡jv, wkïiv GKfv‡e †k‡L bv| Rxe‡b Pjvi c‡_ Zvi wewfbœfv‡e wk‡L _v‡K| wkïiv mvaviYZ †hfv‡e †k‡L Zv n‡jv: • • • • • • • •

†`‡L MÜ wb‡q Kíbv K‡i Zzjbv K‡i AskMÖnY K‡i `‡j KvR K‡i M‡íi gva¨‡g eB c‡o

wkÿK mnvwqKv

• • • • • • • •

ch©‡eÿY K‡i ï‡b Abyfe K‡i GKvKx wPšÍv K‡i wb‡`©kbv _v‡K Mvb K‡i AbymÜvb K‡i bv‡Pi gva¨‡g

• • • • • • • •

AbyKiY K‡i ¯^v` wb‡q Dcjwä K‡i cÖkœ K‡i bvovPvov K‡i Qovi gva¨‡g evi evi †Póv K‡i Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g

wkï ZLbB me‡P‡q †ewk †k‡L hLb †m AvMÖn wb‡q †Kv‡bv Kv‡R mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY K‡i| cwiev‡i, we`¨vj‡q I mgv‡R wewfbœ ev¯Íe AwfÁZv Zv‡`i wkL‡bi g~j wfwË| †Kv‡bv aviYv ev Z_¨ hLb wkïi c~e©eZx© AwR©Z Ávb ev avi‡Yi wfwË‡Z Zvi Kv‡Q A_©c~Y© g‡b nq, ZLbB wkï Zvi wkL‡bi cieZx© av‡c cÖ‡ek K‡i| wgïiv mgwš^Zfv‡e †k‡L Ges Zviv Zv‡`i wkLY‡K †Kv‡bv welq ev kvLvq wef³ K‡i bv| †h Kvi‡Y †Ljv n‡‪Q wkïi †kLvi Ab¨Zg gva¨g| wkïi †kLvi †ÿ‡Î g~jgš¿ n‡‪Q: • wkï Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Ges †Lj‡Z †Lj‡Z †k‡L; • AvMÖn n‡jv wkL‡bi g~j PvwjKvkw³; • †Ljv n‡jv myLKi wkLb-AwfÁZv; • Bw›`ªqMÖvn¨ wewfbœ KvR n‡jv wkL‡bi gva¨g; • ch©‡eÿY, AbymÜvb, wPšÍv I Kíbv n‡jv †kLvi KZ¸‡jv AZ¨vek¨Kxq Dcvq| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi cÖZ¨vwkZ djvdj AR©‡b wkÿK †kÖwY‡Z Ggbfv‡e cvVv`vb cÖwµqv Pvjv‡eb †hb wkïiv Dc‡i D‡jøwLZ wewfbœ Dcv‡q †kLvi my‡hvM cvq|

10-L. wkÿ‡Ki `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ †kÖwYK‡ÿ GKwU wkïevÜe cwi‡ek •Zwi K‡i I eRvq †i‡L h_vh_fv‡e wkLb- †kLv‡bv cÖwµqv cwiPvjbv Kiv GKRb wkÿ‡Ki cÖavb `vwqZ¡| wkÿK‡K ZvB n‡Z n‡e wkïi eÜz| wkïi mv‡_ wZwb Ggbfv‡e wg‡k hv‡eb, K_v ej‡eb A_ev †hvMv‡hvM I wg_wµq Ki‡eb hv‡Z wkï cig Av¯ vi mv‡_ Zvi Ici wbf©i Ki‡Z cv‡i, †hgbfv‡e †m wbf©i K‡i Zvi evev-gv ev cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ wbKUvZ¥ªx‡qi Dci| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡ii wkLb- †kLv‡bv cÖwµqvq wkÿ‡Ki fzwgKv n‡e ZvB mnvqZvKvixi (Facilitator) whwb wkLbevÜe cwi‡ek •Zwi K‡i c‡` c‡` wkï‡K bvbv Kv‡R m¤ú„³ nIqvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡q Zv‡K bvbvfv‡e wkL‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb| wb‡P GKRb Av`k© wkÿ‡Ki cÖavb wKQz ¸‡Yi D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv• wkïi mv‡_ memgq nvwmLywk _vKv; • •ah©kxj nIqv; • wewfbœ Kv‡R wkï‡ì mnvqZv Kiv; • wkïi K_v †kvbv I gZvg‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ †Ìqv; • wkïi mv‡_ wkïmyjf AvPiY Kiv; • wkïevÜe cwi‡ek •Zwi Kiv; • wkï‡ì gvZ…‡¯œ‡n wkÿv †Ìqv ; • wkïi Kv‡Q wb‡R‡K Av`k© (Role Model) wn‡m‡e Zz‡j aiv; • wkïi AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ mym¤úK© iÿv Kiv| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z GKRb wkÿK wkï‡ì cvV`vb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i †kÖwY cwiPvjbvi mvwe©K `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb| Kv‡Ri aiY Abymv‡i wkÿ‡Ki KvR¸‡jv‡K K‡qKwU fv‡M fvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb• †kÖwY eë¯ vcbv • cvV cwiPvjbv cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

• DcKiY msMÖn I msiÿY • wewfbœ ch©v‡q †hvMv‡hvM • mvgvwRK m‡PZbZv m„wó

10-L.1 †kÖwY eë¯’vcbv cÖvK-cÖvKwgK ¯‥z‡ji †kÖwY eë¯ vcbvi mvwe©K cvjb Ki‡eb wkÿK| †kÖwY eë¯ vcbvq Zvi †h mKj `vwqZ¡ i‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc:

†kÖwYKÿ Avl©Yxq K‡i mvRv‡bv GKwU mvRv‡bv-‡MvQv‡bv †kÖwYKÿ wkï‡ì gbbkxjZv weKv‡ki Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwYKÿ mvRv‡bvi Rb¨ wkÿK wewfbœ c`‡ÿc wb‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb• †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkï Dc‡hvMx wewfbœ †cv÷vi, PvU© BZ¨vw` Uvwb‡q ivLv| Z‡e G¸‡jv wkïi `„wó mxgvi g‡a¨ Uvbv‡Z n‡e| • wkï‡ì AuvKv Qwe Ges wewYœ nv‡Zi KvR w`‡q †kÖwYKÿ mvRv‡bv| Z‡e Qwe¸‡jv wKQzw`b cici cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| gvwU, cvZv ev KvM‡Ri •Zwi DcKiY¸‡jv †kÖwYK‡ÿi †`qv‡j my›ì K‡i jvwM‡q ev Szwj‡q ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i| • B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ wewfbœ Kb©v‡ii DcKiY¸‡jv wba©vwiZ Kb©v‡i my›ìfv‡e mvwR‡q ivLv| • †`qv‡ji gvSvgvwS RvqMvq GKUz wb‡P eø¨vK‡evW© jvMv‡bv †hb †kÖwYK‡ÿi me‡P‡q †QvU wkïwUI Zv †`L‡Z I eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i|

wewfbœ KvR Abyhvqx wkï‡ì emv‡bv Kv‡Ri aib Abyhvqx wkï‡ì KL‡bv eo `‡j Avevi KK‡bv †QvU `‡j emv‡Z n‡e| eo `‡ji mgq U AvK…wZ‡Z emv‡Z n‡e †hb wkïiv G‡K Aci‡K †`L‡Z cvq| †QvU `‡ji mgq wkïiv ¸‪Q AvKv‡i duvKv duvKv n‡q Ggb `yi‡Z¡ em‡e †hb cÖwZwU `‡ji Kv‡Q mn‡RB hvIqv hvq| Avevi Mí ejvi mgq wkï‡ì M‡íi Avm‡ei g‡Zv (KvQvKvwQ R‡ov K‡i) emv‡Z n‡e|

†kÖwYK‡ÿi wfZi I Avkcvk cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ ivLv †kÖwYKÿ memgq cwi®‥vi cwi‪Qbœ ivL‡Z n‡e| GRb¨ KiYxq KvR¸‡jv n‡jv- wbqwgZ Svo‬ †`Iqv I Szj cwi®‥vi Kiv, DcKiY¸‡iv gy‡Q I ¸wQ‡q ivLv| ZvQvov †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡ii PvicvkI cwi®‥vi cwi‪Qbœ ivL‡Z n‡e| G mKj Kv‡R wkï‡`i m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e †m‡ÿ‡Î Aek¨B wkÿK wb‡R Dcw¯ Z †_‡K KvRwU ZË¡veavb Ki‡eb|

evB‡i †Ljvi RvqMv †kÖwYK‡ÿi Av‡kcv‡k wbivc` I Db¥y³ RvqMvq (†hgb gvV, Mv‡Qi Qvqv BZ¨vw`) `jxq †Ljvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z wkÿK D‡`¨vMx n‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKvq ewY©Z †Ljv QvovI ¯ vbxqfv‡e cÖPwjZ †Ljv (†hgb †MvjøvQzU) G‡ÿ‡Î Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e ¯ vbxq †Ljv wbe©vPb I †Ljvi mgq wkï‡`i wbivcËv I myiÿvi welqwU m‡e©v‪P we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| wkÿK mnvwqKv

10- L. 2 cvV cwiPvjbv wkÿK mvßvwnK iæwUb I cÖwZw`‡bi cvV cwiKíbv Abyhvqx cÖwµqv AbymiY K‡i wba©vwiZ KvRmg~n cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| Kv‡Ri Ici wfwË K‡i wkÿK‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖ¯‧wZ wb‡Z n‡e| cvV cwiPvjbvq wkï‡`i B‪QvAwb‪Qv‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡qvR‡b iæwU‡b wKQz cwieZ©b Avbv †h‡Z cv‡i|

10- L.3 DcKiY msMÖn I msiÿY cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì Rb¨ wbw`©ó wKQz KvR Ki‡Z ¯ vbxqfv‡e wKQz DcKiY msMÖ‡ni cÖ‡qvRb co‡e| †hgb- cvZv, KvwV, KvMR, †evZvg, †QvU B‡Ui UzKiv ev cv_i BZ¨vw`| cvV cwiPvjbvi iæwUb AbymiY K‡i wkÿK K¬vm ïiæi c~‡e©B cÖ‡qvRbxq DKiYmg~n msMÖn K‡i ivL‡eb| B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ PviwU Kb©v‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi DcKi‡Yi ZvwiKv †Ìqv Av‡Q †hLv‡b ¯ vbxqfv‡e msMÖn Kiv hvq Ggb A‡bK DcKiYi‡q‡Q| wkÿK wbR D‡`¨v‡M Ges Ab¨‡ì mnvqZvq Gme DcKiY msMÖ‡ni D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡eb| †kÖwY‡Z wewfbœ Kv‡Ri mgq wkïiv †h me †Ljbv •Zwi Ki‡e wkÿK †m¸‡jv‡KI Kb©v‡i †Ìqvi Rb¨ msiÿY Ki‡eb| GQvov wkÿK wkï‡ì wcZvgvZv I ¯ vbxq AwffveK‡ì mnvqZvq wewfbœ †Ljbv msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡ib Z‡e Zv n‡Z n‡e wkï evÜe Ges wbivc`| msM„nxZ DcKiY¸‡jv `xN©w`b AvKl©Yxq I †UKmB ivLvi Rb¨ h_vh_ msiÿY Kiv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| DciKiY msiÿ‡Y wkÿK wb‡Pi c`‡ÿç‡jv MÖnb Ki‡Z cv‡ib• cÖwZw`b Kv‡Ri ïiæi‡Z †hLv‡b †h DcKiY cÖ‡qvRb, †m Abyhvqx DcKiY¸‡jv mvwR‡q ivL‡eb| • cÖwZw`b KvR †k‡l DcKiY¸‡jv cwi®‥vi K‡i ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î wkï‡ì‡K m¤ú„w³ K‡i `vwqZ¡ †Ìqv hvq| Z‡e †Kvb †Kvb `vwqZ¡ †K †K cvjb Ki‡e Zv w`‡bi ïiæ‡Z wkï‡ì Rvwb‡q w`‡Z n‡e|

10- L. 4 wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î †hvMv‡hvM cÖvK cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µg myôz I mvejxjfv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wewfbœ ch©v‡q †hvMv‡hvM iÿv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| wkÿK‡K G‡ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx wkï, AwffveK, cÖavb wkÿKmn Ab¨vb¨ wkÿK, we`¨vjq e¨e¯ vcbv KwgwU Ges mswkøó Awd‡mi mv‡_ cÖ‡qvRbxq †hvMv‡hvM iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e|

10- L.5 mvgvwRK m‡PZbZv •Zwi cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µg mdjfv‡e m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ mvgvwRK m‡PZbZvi welqwU AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cÖavb wkÿK I AwffveKMY hw` cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwYi Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© Rv‡bb Ges Kv‡Ri ¸iæZ¡ †ev‡Sb, Zvn‡j Zuv‡ì KvQ †_‡K memgq mn‡hvwMZv cvIqv hv‡e| mvgvwRK m‡PZbZv •Zwi‡Z wkÿK wb‡Pi c`‡ÿç‡jv MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ib| • AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ cÖwZ gv‡m GKwU K‡i mfv Kiv| mfvq cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx wewfbœ welqe¯‧ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv| • wewfbœ mg‡q wkï‡ì evwo‡Z cvIqv Ges Zv‡ì fv‡jvg›` wb‡q AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv • wewfbœ mvgvwRK I agx©q Abyôvbvw`‡Z wb‡R D‡`¨vMx n‡q AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ K_v ejv Ges Kzkj wewbgq Kiv| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wkÿ‡Ki •`bw›`b KiYxq • cvV`v‡bi ïiæ‡Z wkÿK †K‡›`ª Dcw¯ Z wkï‡ì m‡½ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges Zv‡ì myweavAmyweavi K_v Rvb‡Z I `~i Ki‡Z m‡Pó n‡eb| GRb¨ †Kv‡bv auvav, NUbv, Mvb ev M‡í gva¨‡g Avb›``vqK cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡eb| • RvZxq msMxZ Ges e¨vqv‡gi gva¨‡g cÖwZw`‡bi KvR ïiæ Ki‡eb| • cvV`v‡bi myweav‡_© cÖwZwU welq iæwUb Abyhvqx wkï‡ì Kiv‡eb| • wkÿK cÖwZw`b †h †h welq cov‡eb Zvi Av‡Mi w`b Aek¨B H welq Abyhvqx cÖ¯‧wZ †b‡eb| G‡Z K¬vm cwiPvjbv mnR I Avb›``vqK n‡e| • welqe¯‧ Dc¯ vc‡bi mgq DcKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j ( †hgb- dzj, wewP, KvV BZ¨vw`) wkÿK †mB welqe¯‧ Dc¯ vc‡bi c~‡e©i w`b wkï‡ì‡K Kx Kx DcKiY wb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e Zv e‡j †`‡eb| • cÖwZwU KvRB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkïiv cÖwZwU KvR eyS‡Z cvi‡Q wK bv Ges mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z cvi‡Q wKbv wkÿK Aek¨B †mw`‡K bRi ivL‡eb| • cÖwZwU welq Dc¯ vc‡bi mgq wkï‡ì‡K AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • mßv‡ni †kl w`‡b hZUzKz m¤¢e wba©vwiZ welq¸‡jv wb‡q cybiv‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| • †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡i RvtqMv _vK‡j †mLv‡b †Ljv I e¨vqvg Kiv‡eb| hw` evB‡i RvqMv bv _v‡K Zvn‡j †K‡›`ªi †fZ‡i Kiv‡eb| • wbR wbR eB, LvZv, †Ljbv BZ¨vw` ¸wQ‡q ivLvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| mKj ai‡bi PvU© Ges DcKiY K¬v‡m eënv‡ii ci wkÿK †m¸‡jv fv‡jvfv‡e ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì cvwievwiK wewfbœ NUbv ev AwfÁZv wewbg‡qi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡eb| we‡kl K‡i Mí ejvi mgq M‡íi PwiÎ ev NUbv wkï‡ì AwfR&nZvi mv‡_ †gjv‡Z m‡Pó n‡e| • wg‡jwg‡k _vKv, cvi¯úwiK m¤úªxwZ eRvh ivLvi wel‡q wkÿK wkï‡ì wbKU wewfbœ Mí, D`vniY Dc¯ vcb Ki‡eb| • †QvU-Lv‡Uv SMov weev` gb KlvKwl wbim‡b wkÿK m‡PZb _vK‡eb| • wewebœ cÖKvi fv‡jvjvMv, LvivcjvMv I myL-`yt‡Li Abyf‚wZ †kqvi Ki‡Z wkÿK wkï‡ì DØy× Ki‡eb| • eo‡ì m¤§vb Kiv, †QvU‡ì †¯œn Kiv, mK‡j wg‡k _vKv BZ¨vw` welq wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K wbqwgZ ej‡eb Ges eënvwiK Rxe‡b Kv‡R jvMv‡Z m‡Pó Ki‡eb| • wg_¨v ejv Ges A‡bï wRwbm bv e‡j †bqv Ab¨vq, mZ¨ K_v ejv BZ¨vw` welq †QvU †QvU gRvi Mí ev NUbvi wkÿK wkï‡ì wbKU Dc¯ vcb Ki‡eb| • cvV`vb †k‡l wkï‡ì‡K cieZx© w`‡b AveviI Avmvi Rb¨ AvKl©Yxq wKQz e‡j abëv`/ï‡f‪Qv Rvwb‡q K¬vm †k‡l Ki‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek cwiwPwZ wb‡Ri cwiwPwZ

•`wbK mgv‡ek Kzkj wewbgq

we`¨vjq cwiwPwZ

RvZxq msMxZ

mncvVx I we`¨vj‡qi

fve wewbgq

wkÿK‡`i mv‡_ cwiwPwZ

cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv

wkLb mvgMÖxi cwiwPwZ

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwYi wkï‡`i Rb¨ cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek I KvR ivLv n‡q‡Q| cwiwPwZi KvR¸‡jv wkÿK cÖ_g gv‡m Kiv‡eb| cieZx©‡Z mviv eQie¨vcx •`wbK mgv‡e‡ki KvR¸‡jv Kiv‡eb|

K. cwiwPwZ wkLbdj : 2.1.2: ï‡f‪Qv wewbgq Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 2.1.3: wkÿK I eo‡ì mv‡_ fve wewbgq (K_v ejv, Abyf‚wZ cÖKvk Kiv) Ki‡Z cvi‡e| K- 1. wb‡Ri cwiwPwZ c×wZ • wkÿK cÖ_‡g wb‡Pi cwiPq wkï‡ì †`‡eb Ges ¯úó K‡i wb‡Ri bvg ej‡eb| • Gevi cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e Zv‡ì bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb| • cieZx©‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K wb‡Ri bvg e‡j Zvi c‡ii wkïi bvg wR‡Ám Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Avgvi bvg....., †Zvgvi bvg wK? • Gevi wkï‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K‡K GKwU K‡i Avgvi eB w`‡eb| • mevB‡K Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv 2 Ly‡j ÔAvgvi QweÕ †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Avgvi Qwei e‡¯‥ Zvi wb‡Ri Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| • AuvKv †kl n‡j cÖ‡Z¨K‡Ki eB‡q Avgvi Qwei bx‡P wkïwUi bvg wj‡L eywS‡q w`‡eb †h GLv‡b Zv‡ì bvg †jLv n‡q‡Q| GLb †_‡K GB eBwU Zvi| cieZx©‡Z Avgvi eB‡qi †h †Kvb Kv‡R wkï †hb Zvi eBwUB cvq wkÿK Zv wbwðZ Ki‡eb| • cieZx©‡Z wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K Zv‡ì wb‡Ri Qwe (m¤¢e n‡j) Avb‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib Ges Qwe †c‡j Avgvi Qwei e‡· Zv jvwM‡q w`‡Z cv‡ib| K- 2. we`¨vjq cwiwPwZ wkLbdj : 6.1.4: wb‡Ri evwo Ges we`¨vj‡qi wRwbmcÎ wPb‡e Ges G¸‡jvi cÖwZ hZœkxj n‡e| c×wZ wkÿK wkï‡ì mvg‡b we`¨vj‡qj cwi‡ekwU Ggb mnR I Avcb K‡i Dc¯ vcb Ki‡eb hv‡Z wkïiv mn‡R we`¨vj‡qi bZzb cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ avc LvB‡q wb‡Z cv‡i| wkïiv cÖvK-cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q Avmvi 1g gv‡m wkÿK Zv‡ì‡K we`¨vj‡qi wewfbœ my‡hvM-myweav I AeKvVv‡gvi mv‡_ cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡eb| GQvovI we`¨vj‡qi Avkcvk ev wbKU cÖwZ‡e‡ki mv‡_ wkï‡ì cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡eb| GRb¨ wkÿK wb‡Pi KvR¸‡jv Ki‡eb| • •e`wbK mgv‡e‡k wkÿK cÖwZw`b wkï‡ì wbKU we`¨vjq cwiwPwZ Zz‡j ai‡eb| †hgbwe`¨vj‡qi bvg, we`¨vj‡qi Ae¯ vb (wVKvbv), wkïiv †Kvb †kÖwY‡Z c‡o BZ¨vw` ej‡eb Ges wkï‡ì wbKU †_‡K cieZx©‡Z ïb‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

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• • •

•`wbK mgv‡ek I RvZxq msMx‡Zi ci wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡jb| Zvi ej‡eb- ÒAvR Avgiv Avgv‡ì we`¨vjq m¤ú‡K© RvbeÓ| †Zvgiv wK ej‡Z cvi‡e Avgv‡ì we`¨vj‡qi bvg Kx? gv‡V Kx Av‡Q? cyKziwU †Kv_vq? we`¨vj‡qi wcQ‡b Kx Kx MvQ Av‡Q? bjK‚cwU †Kv_vh? wkï‡ì DËi w`‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| Zvici wkÿK wb‡R wkï‡ì we`¨vjq m¤ú‡K© ej‡eb| Gici wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q jvBb K‡i we`¨vj‡qi Pvicvk Ny‡i Ny‡i †Kv_vq Kx Av‡Q Zv †`Lv‡eb| †hgb- Uq‡jU †Kv_vq, Kxfv‡e Zv eënvi Ki‡Z nq; Lvevi cvwb †Kv_vq cvIqv hv‡e; jvB‡eªwi, we`¨vj‡qi Ab¨vb¨ feb, cÖavb wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿK‡ì emvi RvqMv I Ab¨vb¨ my‡hvM-myweavw` Ny‡i Ny‡i †`wL‡q w`‡eb| cyKzi ev Rjvkq _vK‡j wkï‡ì †mUv †`wL‡q w`‡eb Ges mvZvi Rvbvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi wewfbœ w`K Zz‡j ai‡eb| bjK‚‡ci Kv‡Q wM‡q bjK‚c Pvc w`‡q Zv eënvi †kLv‡eb| eo iv¯Ívq GKv GKv hvIqv hv‡e bv| †M‡j `yN©Ubv NU‡Z cv‡i G welq wkï‡ì ej‡eb| G KvRwU 15/20 Kg© wèm a‡i Pj‡Z cv‡i| mvgwMÖK cwiwPwZg~jK KvRwU †hb AZ¨šÍ cÖvYešÍ I AvKl©Yxq nq †mw`‡K wkÿK †Lqvj Ki‡eb| cwi`k©‡bi mgq welq mswkøó gRvi AwfÁZv ev Mí eY©bv Ki‡eb| GB c‡e©i †k‡li w`‡K wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †kÖwYK‡ÿ †ivj †cøÕi gva¨‡g ¯‥z‡ji g¨vc •Zwi Ki‡eb| cy‡iv †kÖwYKÿ‡K ¯‥z‡ji cÖv½Y we‡ePbv K‡i wkÿK wb‡R cÖ_‡g Ae¯ vb wb‡q ej‡eb Avwg ¯‥z‡ji †MU| Gevi b¨ KvD‡K ¯‥z‡ji bjK‚c n‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK jÿ Ki‡eb wkïiv Ae¯ vb Abyhvqx ùvov‡Z cvi‡Q wK bv| cÖ_‡g wkÿK e¨vL¨v K‡i wb‡R †MU †_‡K Ae¯ vb wKfv‡e †h‡Z n‡e Zv †`wL‡q †`‡eb| Zvici wkï‡ì Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

K. 3. mncvVx I we`¨vj‡qi wkÿK‡ì mv‡_ cwiwPwZ wkLbdj : 6.1.5: cwiev‡ii m`m¨ I wbKU AvZ¥xq‡ì m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e| c×wZ wkï‡ì we`¨vj‡q AvMg‡bi w`b †_‡KB wkÿK Zv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki bvg, evev-gv‡qi bvg I Zvi wcÖq eÜz‡ì bvg Rvbvi Rb¨ †QvU †QvU cÖkœ Ki‡eb| cÖkœ¸‡jv Ggbfv‡e Ki‡eb hv‡Z wkïiv gRv cvq Ges AvMÖ‡ni mv‡_ DËi †`q| Avjv‡ci g‡Zv K‡i avivevwnKfv‡e G Kvh©µgwU Pj‡Z _vK‡e| GQvov cÖwZw`‡bi wewfbœ †Ljvi †h Kvh©µg _vK‡e Zvi wfZi w`‡qI wkïiv mncvVx‡ì mv‡_ cwiwPwZ n‡e| • wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkï‡ì bvg a‡i WvK‡eb| • wkïiv Zvi mncvVx‡ì bvg Rvb‡e| Zvi eÜz‡ì bvg ej‡e| • wkÿK gv‡S gv‡S wkï‡ì wb‡q eQ‡ii ïiæi w`‡K bv‡gi †Ljv Ki‡eb| †hgb- GKRb wkï ej‡e, Avgvi bvg wjgv| cv‡ki eÜz‡K wb‡`©kK‡i ej‡e, Avgvi eÜzi bvg wgjb| Avevi wgjb ej‡e, Avgvi bvg wgjb Avi Avgvi cv‡ki eÜzi bvg ivwL| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g wkïiv bv‡gi †LjvwU eQ‡ii ïiæi gv‡m †Lj‡e| • wkïi wb‡Ri bvg, evev-gv, fvB‡ev‡bi bvg ej‡Z wkÿK DØy× Ges mnvqZv Ki‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

• cwiev‡ii wbKU AvZ¥xq `v`v, `vw`, bv-bvwb, gvgv-gvwg, PvPv-PvwP, Lvjv-Lvjy, dzcy-dzcv m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡Ri evwo/gnjøv/iv¯Ív/MÖv‡gi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb Ges ej‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wb‡Ri bvg wkï‡ì wbKU ej‡eb Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkÿK‡ì †kÖwYK‡ÿ wb‡q G‡m wkï‡ì mv‡_ cwiPq Kiv‡eb Ges cÖwZwU wkï‡K wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb|

K- 4. wkLb mvgMÖx cwiwPwZ c×wZ • wkï‡ì wb‡q U AvK…wZ‡Z em‡eb| • Avgvi eB, G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv I d¬vk KvW©¸‡jv wkï‡ì mvg‡b ivL‡eb| • wkï‡ì GKwU K‡i Avgvi eB I G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv wb‡q wb‡Ri RvqMvq em‡Z ej‡eb| • eB I LvZv †`Lvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì wKQz mgq w`b| eB I LvZv m¤^‡Ü †KD †Kv‡bv wKQz Rvb‡Z PvB‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| • Gevi d¬vk Kv‡W©i c¨v‡KU †_‡K d¬vk KvW©¸‡jv †ei K‡i wkï‡ì mvg‡b ivLyb| wkï‡ì KvW©¸‡jv †b‡o‡P‡o †`Lvi my‡hvM w`‡eb| • ¯îeY©-e¨ÄbeY© PvU© I wd¬c PvU© wkï‡ì †`Lv‡eb| • †Ljbv mvgMÖxmg~n wkï‡ì †`Lv‡bv Ges ej‡eb Gme †Ljbv w`‡q Zviv †Lj‡e| • wkLb mvgMÖx¸‡jv hZœ mnKv‡i eënv‡ii wel‡q wkï‡ì m‡PZb Kivi Rb¨ wb¤œwjwLZ welq wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| • wkLb mvgMÖxmg~n eQie¨vcx eënvi Kiv n‡e| • Kxfv‡e eënvi Kiv n‡j wkLb mvgMÖxmg~n cwicvwU ivLv hvq| • Kx Kx Dcv‡q wkLb mvgMÖx hZœ †bIqv hvq|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

L. •`wbK mgv‡ek L-1. Kzkj wewbgq wkLbdj : 2.2.2 : mncvVx Ges mgeqmx‡ì cÖwZ mn‡hvwMZvi g‡bvfve cÖ`kb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| c×wZ ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ Kzkj wewbg‡qi gva¨‡g wkïiv ax‡i ax‡i mvgvwRK n‡q DV‡e Ges Zv‡ì GKR‡bi cÖwZ Av‡iKR‡bi ggZ¡‡eva I eÜzZ¡ •Zwi n‡e| wkÿK wkï‡ì mv‡_ Kzkj wewbg‡qi KvRwU wb‡Pi wbq‡g cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q nvZ a‡i †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡eb| • wkï‡ì ej‡eb, Ò†Zvgiv mevB †Kgb AvQ? †Zvgv‡ì Kv‡iv wK bZzb †Kvb Lei/NUbv Av‡Q hv Avgv‡ì mevB‡K Rvbv‡Z cv‡iv?Ó Gici •`wbK ¾ Rb wkï‡K ejvi my‡hvM w`‡eb| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g mKj wkï‡K ej‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • wkÿK‡K jÿ ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z cÖwZw`b wkïiv GKB NUbv/Lei bv e‡j G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿK wkï‡ì MvBW Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì fv‡jv jvMv/`vivc jvMv/myL-`ytL Abyf‚wZ cÖKvk BZ¨vw` we‡q fve wewbg‡qi h_vh_ cwi‡ek •Zwi K‡i Av‡jvPbvi m~ÎcvZ NUv‡eb| • hw` wec`¾bK †Kv‡bv NUbv (cvwb‡Z cov, KzKzi Kvgov‡bv) N‡U Z‡e wkÿK wkï‡ì mZK© K‡i †`‡eb hv‡Z Ggb Ae¯ vq Avi bv co‡Z nq| • fv‡jv NUbv‡K cÖksmv Ki‡eb hv‡Z mevB fv‡jv wKQz wkL‡Z I Ki‡Z AvMÖnx nq| •bwZKZv ev Av`k© wbf©i NUbv/Lei Dc¯ vc‡b wkÿK wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • wkïiv hv‡Z ev¯Í‡e hv N‡U‡Q ZvB e‡j †mw`‡K jÿ¨ ivL‡eb| • wkÿK G mgq jÿ¨ ivL‡eb wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †Kvb g‡bvgvwjb¨ n‡q‡Q wKbv? n‡j Zv wbimb Kiv‡eb, GB e‡j †h, Avgiv mevB eÜz, mevB wg‡jwg‡k †Ljvayjv Kie Ges wkLe|

L-2. RvZxq msMxZ wkLbdj : 5.2.6 : RvZxq msMxZ MvB‡Z cvi‡e| 2.6.2 : RvZxq cZvKvi cÖwZ m¤§vb I fv‡jvevmv cÖ`k©b Ki‡e| 2.6.3: RvZxq msMx‡Zi cÖwZ kÖ×v I fv‡jvevmv cÖ`k©b Ki‡e| c×wZ wkÿK mKj wkï‡K †mvRv n‡q ùvov‡Z ej‡eb Ges RvZxq msMxZ †kl bv nIqv ch©šÍ †mvRv n‡q bxi‡e ùvwo‡q _vK‡Z ej‡eb| • cÖ_‡g wkÿK wb‡R cy‡iv RvZxq msMxZ myi K‡i MvB‡eb| • RvZxq msMxZ MvIqvi mgq ùvwo‡q m¤§vb cÖ`‡Yi welqwU mKj wkï‡K eywS‡q/†`wL‡q w`‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

• • • •

wkïiv cÖwZw`b wkÿ‡Ki m‡½ RvZxq msMxZ †M‡q w`‡bi K¬vm ïiæ Ki‡e| Z‡e wkÿK wkï‡`i cÖwZ mßv‡n Pvi jvBb K‡i RvZxq msMx‡Zi K_v I myi †kLv‡eb| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g mKj wkï †hb cy‡iv RvZxq msMxZ myi K‡i MvB‡Z cv‡i wkÿK Zv wbwðZ Ki‡eb| RvZxq msMxZ †kl Kivi ci wkï‡`i RvZxq cZvKv‡K m¨vjyU cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

L-3. fve wewbgq wkLbdj : 2.6. : gyw³hy× m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡e Ges RvwZi Rb‡Ki cÖwZ kÖ×v I m¤§vb cÖ`k©b Ki‡e| c×wZ: • wkÿK wkï‡ì ej‡eb Avgv‡ì RvZxq cZvKv Avgiv gnvb gyw³hy‡×i gva¨‡g AR©b K‡iwQ| 1971 mv‡j Avgv‡ì gnvb gyw³hy× msNwUZ n‡qwQj| wkÿK RvwZi RbK e½eÜzi Qwe †`Lv‡eb Ges Zvi Ae`vb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| • wb‡Pi m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z ej‡eb| • Avgv‡ì wewfbœ wDrme ev wèm m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì cÖkœ Ki‡eb, Avgiv we`¨vjq eÜ ev C‡ì mgq †Kv_vq †Kv_vq †eo‡Z hvB? • wkïiv A‡bK RvqMvi bvg ej‡e wKš‧ wkÿK jÿ ivL‡eb †hb wkïiv `v`v evwo I bvbvevwo †eov‡Z hvB G kã¸‡jv e‡j| • wkïiv hLb `v`vevwo ej‡e, ZLb wkÿK ej‡e `v`vevwo‡Z †K †K Av‡Q| `v`v-`vw`, dzdz/dzdv dzdv‡Zv fvB †evb I AviI A‡b‡K Av‡Q| • Avevi wkïiv hLb bvbv evwo ej‡e ZLb bvbv evwo‡Z †K †K _v‡K| †hgb- bvbv, bvwb, gvgv gvwg, gvgv‡Zv fvB‡evb I AviI A‡b‡K Av‡Q| • GQvov wkÿK wewfbœ Drme I wèm wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| L- 4. cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv wkLbdj : 6.2.1 : evow I we`¨vj‡qi cwi‡ek cwi‪Qbœ ivL‡e| c×wZ • cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwYKÿ memgq cwi®‥vi cwi‪Qbœ ivL‡Z n‡e| • GRb¨ KiYxq KvR¸‡jv n‡jv-wbqwgZ Svo‬ †Ìqv, wbqwgZ Szj cwi®‥vi Kiv I DcKiY¸‡jv gy‡Q ivLv| • †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡ii Pvicvk Svo‬ w`‡q cwi®‥vi cwi‪Qbœ ivLv| • G mKj Kv‡R wkÿK, wkÿv_x©‡ì ch©vµ‡g `vwqZ¡ w`‡eb Ges wkÿK wb‡RI G mKj KvR Ki‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

•

• • • • • • •

G wkÿv_x©‡ì cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZvi KvR¸‡jv wkÿK ZË¡veavb Ki‡eb| wkïiv KvM‡Ri UzKiv, Lvev‡ii Dw‪Qó hv‡Z wbw`©ó RvqMvq †d‡j Ges wbw`©ó RvqMv bv †c‡j wb‡R msiÿY K‡i cieZx©‡Z wbw`©ó RvqMvq †d‡j G wel‡q wkÿK m‡PZb Ki‡eb| wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q wb¤œwjwLZ Mvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z we`¨vj‡qi gvV eviv›`v I AvwObvq cwi‪QbœZvi KvR Ki‡eb Ges evwo‡ZI †hb wkïiv Gfv‡e K‡i Zv ej‡eb| KvM‡Ri UzKiv KvM‡Ri UzKiv c‡o Av‡Q H c‡o Av‡Q H RvqMv K‡i †bvsiv RvqMv K‡i †bvsiv Zz‡j †bB, we‡b †d‡j †`B| KvM‡Ri UzKivi RvqMvq wewfbœ iKg Ab¨vb¨ c‡i _vKv wRwb‡mi bvg D‡jøL K‡i wkÿK cwi‪QbœZvi KvR K‡i wkï‡ì †kLv‡eb| wkÿv_x©‡ì e¨w³MZ cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv †hgb- †cvkvK, RyZv cv‡q ¯‥z‡j Avmv, †Mvmj, nvZ †avqv, Pzj, bL, `vZ cwi®‥vi cwi‪Qbœ ivLv BZ¨vw` welq¸‡jv Z`viK Ki‡eb| †Ljv Aa¨v‡q e¨w³MZ cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv wel‡q †ek wKQz †Ljv i‡q‡Q hv GLv‡bI †Ljv †hZ cv‡i| wkï‡ì e‡j w`‡eb cÖwZwU K¬vm †k‡l LvZv, Kjg, †Ljbv h_v¯ v‡b ¸wQ‡q ivL‡Z| `vwqZ¡cÖvß `j‡K Kx KvR Ki‡Z n‡e Zv eywS‡q e‡j w`‡eb| (†hgb- m¨v‡Ûj evB‡i ivLv, †Ljbv DcKiY †hLv‡b †mLv‡b †d‡j bv ivLv, KvM‡Ri UzKiv Lvev‡ii eR©¨ †d‡j †bvsiv bv Kiv) wkÿK jÿ ivL‡eb `vqZ¡cÖvß `‡ji KvR¸‡jv wkïiv mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Q wKbv? wkï GKK ev `jxq `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡j mevi mvg‡b nvZZvwj w`‡q Kv‡Ri cÖksmv Ki‡eb hv‡Z cieZ©x‡Z Ab¨ `j Kv‡R DrmvwnZ nq|

we‡kl `ªóe¨ †kÖwYKÿ cwi‪Qbœ ivLv we`¨vj‡qi Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi Ab¨Zg Ask| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv eë¯ vcbvq wkï‡ì w`‡q †kÖwYKÿ cwi‪Qbœ ivLvi †K․kjwU Kvh©Ki| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q wewfbœ `j MVb Ki‡eb Ges `j‡bZv‡ì ch©vqµ‡g †kÖwY cwi‪QbœZvi `vwqZ¡ w`‡eb| †kÖwYKÿ cwi‪QbœZv ej‡Z DcKiY ¸wQ‡q ivLv, †evW© †gvQv, KvM‡Ri UzKiv, Lvev‡ii eR©¨ †d‡j †bvsiv bv Kiv, m¨v‡Ûj evB‡i ivLv BZ¨vw`| cÖ‡Z¨‡KB †hb `j‡bZv nIqvi my‡hvM cvq †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e| wkÿK cÖwZ mßv‡ni Rb¨ `j‡bZv wbe©vPbmn `j MVb K‡i cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZvi wel‡q Zv‡ì `vwqZ¡ eywS‡q w`‡eb|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

e¨vqvg  f‚wgKv  wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ we‡kl wb‡`©kbv  e¨vqvg Kiv‡bvi wb‡`©kbv

wkÿK mnvwqKv

f~wgKv GKwU Kg©ÿg, nvwm-Lywk, myLx I Avb›`gq Rxe‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi my¯  †`n I my¯  gb cÖ‡qvRb| my¯  †`n I my¯  gb wbwðZKi‡Yi Rb¨ e¨vqvg Ab¨Zg Dcvq| e¨vqvg wkï‡ì †cwk mÂvj‡bi `ÿZv Ges gw¯Í‡®‥i Kvh©ÿgZv e„w× Kivi †ÿ‡Î mnvqK f‚wgKv iv‡L| GQvovI wkï‡ì kvixwiK RoZv wbimb, Avb›`jvf I we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ e¨vqvg GKwU Kvh©Ki gva¨g| Gme welq Ges cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì eqm we‡ePbv K‡i cvV¨m~wP‡Z e¨vqg AšÍf©~³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b †gvU 10wU e¨vqv‡gi wPÎmn wbqgvewj †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZw`b wbqwgZfv‡e Ab¨ Kvh©µg ïiæ c~‡e© ch©vqµ‡g e¨vqg¸‡jv Kiv‡Z n‡e| e¨vqvg Kivi mgq avç‡jv h_vh_fv‡e †g‡b Pjv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| GRb¨ wkÿK wkïi Af¨¯  nIqvi AvM ch©šÍ Aek¨B wb‡R e¨vqvg¸‡jv K‡i †`Lv‡eb|

wkLbdj : 1.1.4: wewfbœ kvixwiK KmiZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| wbqwgZ G e¨vqvg¸‡jv Kiv n‡j wkï‡`i• • • • •

Gme kvixwiK DcKvwiZvi cvkvcvwk wkï‡`i• • • •

k„‫‫‬Ljv‡eva evo‡e| g‡bv‡hvM evo‡e| wb‡`©kbv AbymiY Ki‡Z Af¨¯  n‡e| cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZvi g‡bvfve I †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸Yvewj weKwkZ n‡e|

wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ we‡kl wb‡`©kbv • e¨vqvg Kiv‡bvi mgq wkïi kix‡ii †Kvb As‡k e¨_v ev Ab¨ †Kvb iKg mgm¨v †eva n‡‪Q wKbv wkÿK Zv Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡eb| • cÖwZwU e¨vqv‡gi ci wkï‡ì wKQz mgq wekÖvg (Relax) w`‡eb| • evwl©K cvV cwiKíbvq gvmIqvwi e¨vqv‡gi ZvwjKvi wel‡q wb‡`©kbv i‡q‡Q| †hgb- Rvbyqvwi I †deªæqvwi gv‡m cÖ_g 5wU e¨vqvg, gvP© I GwcÖj gv‡m cÖ_g 5wU e¨vqv‡gi mv‡_ bZzb GKwU e¨vqvg mshy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g e¨vqv‡gi msL¨v evov‡bv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK †mB Abymv‡i e¨vqv‡gi msL¨v e„w× Ki‡eb| • wkïiv Af¨¯Í n‡q †M‡j Zv‡ì‡K evwo‡ZI wbqwgZ e¨vqvg¸‡jv Kivi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| Ge¨vcv‡i AwffveK mfvi mgq AwffveK‡ì‡K wblqwU eywS‡q ej‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

e¨vqvg Ñ 1 : nuvUv wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb| avc- 1: wkïiv Kuv‡a nvZ ivLvi cwigvY `~iZ¡ †i‡L GKRb Av‡iKR‡bi wcQ‡b †_‡K †Mvj n‡q `uvov‡e| avc- 2: ÔGKÕ ejvi ci †giæ`Ð †mvRv †i‡L kixi mvgvb¨ Szu‡K Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í nuvUv ïiæ Ki‡e| avc- 3 : Ô`yBÕ ejvi ci wkïiv Av‡Mi †P‡q GKUz †Rv‡i nuvU‡e| avc- 4: ÔwZbÕ ejvi ci wkïiv cybivq Av‡¯Í nuvUv ïiæ Ki‡e| avc- 5: ÔPviÕ ejvi ci wkïiv †_‡g hv‡e| cieZx©‡Z wkïiv cÖ‡Z¨KwU e¨vqv‡gi ci G e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

e¨vqvg- 2: nv‡Zi e¨vqvg- dzjKwj wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb| avc KiYxq

wkïiv `yB ev wZb mvwi‡Z †mvRv n‡q `vov‡e|

ÔGKÕ ej‡j wkïiv `yB nvZ gv_vi Dci AvovAvwofA‡e Zzj‡e Ges e¨vqv‡gi Rb¨ cÖ¯‧wZ wb‡e|

ÔKwjÕ ej‡j wkïiv nv‡Zi Av½yj¸‡jv GKmv‡_ dz‡ji Kwji g‡Zv Ki‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

wPÎ

avc

KiYxq

ÔdzjÕ ej‡j Av½yj¸‡jv Ly‡j dz‡ji g‡Zv Ki‡e| Gfv‡e wZbevi ÔKwjÕ Ges wZbevi ÔdzjÕ Gi g‡Zv Ki‡e|

Ô`yBÕ ej‡j wkïiv nvZ bvwg‡q †dj‡e|

wPÎ

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvwU wZb evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤^i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e |

wkÿK mnvwqKv

e¨vqvg- 3: nv‡Zi e¨vqvg- nvZ bvov‡bv wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb| avc

KiYxq

wkïiv `yB ev wZb mvwi‡Z †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡e|

ÔGKÕ ej‡j wkïiv `yB cv‡k nvZ cÖmvwiZ Ki‡e|

Ô`yBÕ ej‡j gv_vi Dc‡i nvZ Zz‡j Zvwj w`‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

wPÎ

avc

KiYxq

ÔwZbÕ ej‡j wkïiv Avevi nvZ cÖmvwiZ Ki‡e|

ÔPviÕ ej‡j wkïiv nvZ wb‡P bvgv‡e|

wPÎ

Gfv‡e wkïiv GK †_‡K Pvi MYbv K‡i e¨vqvgwU wZb evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤^i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

e¨vqvg- 4: nvZ I Nv‡oi e¨vqvg - cu¨vPv wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb| avc KiYxq

wkïiv †mvRv n‡q `yB ev wZb jvB‡b †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡e|

ÔGKÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Wvb nvZ w`‡q evg Kuva †P‡c ai‡e|

Ô`yBÕ ejvi mi Kuva aiv Ae¯ vq ax‡i ax‡i evg w`‡Z hZ`yi m¤¢e gv_v Nwi‡q wcQ‡bi w`‡K ZvKv‡e Ges H Ae¯ v‡b `yB/wZb evi k¦vm wb‡e I †dj‡e|

ÔwZbÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ 1 bs wP‡Îi g‡Zv nvZ †mvRv K‡i `uvov‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

wPÎ

avc

KiYxq

ÔPviÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ evg nvZ w`‡q Wvb Kuva †P‡c ai‡e|

ÔcuvPÕ ej‡j Av‡Mi g‡Zv Wvb hZ`~i m¤¢e gv_v Nywi‡q wcQ‡bi w`‡K ZvKv‡e Ges H Ae¯ v‡b `yB/ wZb evi k¦vm wb‡e I †dj‡e|

ÔQqÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ ax‡i ax‡i gv_v c~‡e©i Ae¯ v‡b wdwi‡q Avb‡e Ges nvZ †Q‡o w`‡e|

wPÎ

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU wZb evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤^i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

e¨vqvg- 5: Nv‡oi e¨vqvg - Nvo bvov‡bv wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb| avc

KiYxq

wkïiv `yB ev wZb jvB‡b †Kvg‡i nvZ †i‡L †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡e|

ÔGKÕ ej‡j wkïiv gv_v evg w`‡K euvKv‡e|

Ô`yBÕ ej‡j gv_v †mvRv Ki‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

wPÎ

avc

KiYxq

ÔwZbÕ ej‡j gv_v Wvb w`‡K euvKv‡e|

ÔPviÕ ej‡j gv_v †mvRv Ki‡e|

ÔcuvPÕ ej‡j wkïiv gv_v mvg‡bi w`‡K SzuKv‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

wPÎ

avc

KiYxq

ÔQqÕ ej‡j gv_v †mvRv Ki‡e|

ÔmvZÕ ej‡j gv_v †cQ‡bi w`‡K euvKv‡e|

ÔAvUÕ ej‡j gv_v †mvRv Ki‡e|

wPÎ

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU wZb evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤^i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e| mZK©Zv: Nvo KvZ Kiv ev euvKv‡bvi mgq Lye Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

e¨vqvg- 6 : †Kvg‡ii e¨vqvg - †Kvgi †`vjv‡bv wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb| avc

KiYxq

wkïiv †Kvg‡i `yBnvZ †i‡L `yB ev wZb jvB‡b †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡e|

ÔGKÕ ej‡j wkïiv †Kvg‡ii Dc‡ii Ask Wvb w`‡K euvKv Ki‡e|

Ô`yBÕ ej‡j †mvRv n‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

wPÎ

avc

KiYxq

ÔwZbÕ ej‡j evg w`‡K euvKv Ki‡e|

ÔPviÕ ej‡j †mvRv n‡e|

Gici wkïiv †Kvgi †_‡K nvZ bvwg‡q †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡q|

wPÎ

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU wZb evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤^i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

e¨vqvg- 7 : nuvUzi e¨vqvg wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb| avc

KiYxq

wkïiv `yB ev wZb jvB‡b †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡e|

ÔGKÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ mevB Wvb nv‡Zi Zvjy w`‡q evg nvUz Dc‡i DwV‡q ¯úk© Ki‡e Ges evg nvZ kix‡ii evg cv‡k †mvRv K‡i ivL‡e|

Ô`yBÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avevi †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

wPÎ

avc

KiYxq

wPÎ

ÔwZbÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ mevB evg nv‡Zi Zvjy w`‡q Wvb nvUz Dc‡i DwV‡q ¯úk© Ki‡e Ges Wvb nvZ kix‡ii Wvb cv‡k †mvRv K‡i ivL‡e|

ÔPviÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avevi †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡e|

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU Kgc‡ÿ Pvi evi Abykxjb Ki‡e| Gi ÔGKÕ b¤^i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

e¨vqvg- 8 : nvZ I cv‡qi e¨vqvg- Zvwj evRv‡bv wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb| avc

KiYxq

wkïiv `yB ev wZb jvB‡b †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡e|

ÔGKÕ ej‡j wkïiv `yB nvZ `yBw`‡K cÖmvwiZ Ki‡e|

Ô`yBÕ ej‡j wkïiv Dc‡ii w`‡K jvd w`‡q `yB nvZ Dc‡i Zz‡j Zvwj evwR‡q `yB cv duvK K‡i `uvov‡e|

wPÎ

ÔwZbÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avevi cÖ_g Ae¯ v‡b wd‡i Avm‡e|

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU Pvi evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤^i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e| wkÿK mnvwqKv

e¨vqvg- 9 : nvZ-cv I wc‡Vi e¨vqvg : Wvb-evg `„wó wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb| avc

KiYxq

wkïiv `yB ev wZb jvB‡b †Kvg‡i nvZ w`‡q `yB cv GKUz †ewk duvK K‡i `uvov‡e|

Ôev‡g †Nv‡ivÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ mevB evg cv‡qi cvZv evg w`‡K Nywi‡q `„wó evgw`‡K †i‡L Ny‡i `uvov‡e|

ÔGKÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ evg cv‡qi Dci fi K‡i mvg‡b SzuK‡e|

Ô`yBÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ 1bs wP‡Îi g‡Zv †Kvg‡i nvZ †i‡L `yB cv dvK K‡i `uvov‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

wPÎ

avc

KiYxq

Gevi ÔWv‡b †Nv‡ivÕ eivi mv‡_ mv‡_ mevB Wvb cv‡qi cvZv Wvb w`‡K Nywi‡q `„wó Wvbw`‡K †i‡L Ny‡i `uvov‡e|

wPÎ

ÔGKÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Wvb cv‡qi Dci fi K‡i mvg‡b SzuK‡e| 6

Ô`yBÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ 1 bs wP‡Îi g‡Zv †Kvg‡i nvZ †i‡L `yB cv dvK K‡i `uvov‡e|

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU Wv‡b wZb evi I ev‡q wZb evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤^i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

e¨vqvg- 10 : nvZ I wc‡Vi e¨vqvg- nvwZ wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb| avc

KiYxq

wPÎ

wkïiv GKRb Av‡iKR‡bi wcQ‡b Kuv‡a nvZ †i‡L RvqMv †b‡e Ges †mvRv n‡q `yB ev wZb jvB‡b `uvov‡e|

ÔGKÕ ejvi ci wkïiv evû gv_vi mv‡_ jvwM‡q `yB nvZ †mvRv Dc‡i Zz‡j cÖ¯‧Z n‡e|

Ô`yBÕ ejvi ci wkïiv nvZ cÖmvwiZ †i‡L mvg‡b SzuK‡e| Zv‡`i `„wó me mgq nv‡Zi w`‡K _vK‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

avc

KiYxq

wPÎ

ÔwZbÕ ej‡j nvZ DuPz †i‡L cybivq †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡e|

Pvi ej‡j wkïiv †mvRv n‡q `uvov‡e|

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU wZb evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤^i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

m„Rbkxj KvR (Qov, Mvb, Mí, Awfbq, Pviæ I Kviæ)  Qvo  Mvb  Mí  Awfbq  Pviæ  Kviæ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

m„Rbkxj KvR (Qov, Mvb I bP, Mí, Awfbq, Pviæ I Kviæ) K) Qov cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡`i Rb¨ 26wU Qov cvV¨m~wP‡Z ivLv‡Z n‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ 24wU evsjv Ges 2wU Bs‡iwR Qov| wkïiv evrmwiK cvV cwiKíbv Abyhvqx ch©vqµ‡g me¸‡jv Qov PP©v Ki‡e|

wkÿbdj :

3.1.7 : Qov, Mvb, Mí ej‡Z cvi‡e| 5.2.2 : Awfbq I A½fw½i gva¨‡g Qov, KweZv, Mí Dc¯ vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 5.2.5 : ¯ vbxq, †jvKR I Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡Zvl Qov I KweZv Ave„w³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY : wkÿK mnvwqKv|

Qov †kLv‡bvi wbqg • wkï‡ì Qov †kLv‡bvi Av‡M wkÿK cÖwZwU Qov fv‡jvfv‡e wb‡R AvqZ¡ K‡i wb‡eb| • cÖ_‡g cy‡iv QovwU wkï‡ì mvg‡b ï× D‪Pvi‡Y A½fw½i gva¨‡g AvKl©Yxqfv‡e K‡qKevi Ave„wË Ki‡eb Ges Lye mnRfv‡e Qov Abymv‡i K_v e‡j cwi‡ek •Zwi Ki‡eb hv‡Z QovwUi cÖwZ wkï‡ì AvMÖn •Zwi nq| • AZ:ci QovwUi `yB jvBb wkÿK wb‡R my›ìfv‡e Ave„wË Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡ì‡KI Ki‡Z ej‡eb cÖ_g `yB jvBb mevi AvqZ¡ n‡j c‡ii `yÕjvBb †kLv‡eb| • Gfv‡e `yB jvBb `yB jvBb K‡i cy‡iv QovwU †kLv‡Z n‡e| • ‡hme wkï Av‡M QovwU AvqZ¡ Ki‡Z cvi‡e Zv‡ì‡K Ab¨ wkï‡ì mvg‡b ùvo Kwi‡q Ave„wË Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb| • QovwU me wkïi †kLv n‡q hvIqvi ci Zviv nvZZvwj w`‡q, A½fw½ K‡i, †b‡P †b‡P, wewfbœfv‡e QovwU Ave„wË Ki‡e| jÿYxq ewY©Z Qovmg~n QvovI wkÿK ¯ vbxqfv‡e msM„nxZ Qov GKB wbq‡g wkï‡ì †`Lv‡Z cv‡ib| we‡kl `ªeóe¨ : GB Kvh©µ‡gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wkïiv †hb Drmvn I Avb‡›ì gva¨‡g wewfbœ A½fw½ I gRv K‡i Qov PP©v Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv wbwðZ Kiv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

wbe©vwPZ Qovi ZvwjKv 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

evK evKzg cvqiv Avq Avq Puv` gvgv nvwÆgv wUg wUg †LvKb †LvKb WvK cvwo Avg cvZv †Rvov †Rvov †bvUb †bvUb cvqiv wmsn gvgv wmsn gvgv Bu`yi Qvbvi Qov H †`Lv hvq Zvj MvQ AvZv Mv‡Q †ZvZv cvwL †LvKv Nygv‡jv cvov Ryov‡jv †LvKb †LvKb gqbv †LvKv hv‡e gvQ ai‡Z Avq‡i Avq wU‡q †Mvj K‡ivbv mKv‡j DwVqv Avwg Twinkle Twinkle †fvi n‡jv †`vi †Lv‡jv Iqvb †Mj gvQ ai‡Z ABCDEFG wcucov wcucov KqUv Rvg Rvgiæj K`‡ej bL KvwU Pzj KvwU jvj kvK KPz kvK Kgjvdzwj Kgjvdzwj Po‬B Wv‡K wKwPi wgwPi

Qov- 1 evK evKzg cvqiv gv_vq w`‡q Uvqiv †e․ mvR‡e KvjwK Po‡e †mvbvi cvjwK|

Qov-2 Avq Avq Puv` gvgv wUc w`‡q hv| Puv‡ì Kcv‡j Puv` wUc w`‡q hv| avb fvb‡j Kzu‡ov †è, gvQ KvU‡j gy‡ov †è, Kv‡jv Mv‡qi `ya †è, `ya Lvevi evwU †è Puv‡ì Kcv‡j Puv` wUc w`‡q hv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

Qov-3 nvwÆgv wUg& wUg& Zviv gv‡V cv‡o wWg Zv‡`i Lvov `y‡Uv wks Zviv nvwÆgv wUg& wUg&

Qov-4 †LvKb †LvKb WvK cvwo †LvKb †gv‡`i Kvi evwo? Avq‡i †LvKb N‡i Avq, `ya gvLv fvZ Kv‡K Lvq|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Qov- 5 Avg cvZv †Rvov †Rvov gvie PveyK Poe †Nvov I‡i eyey m‡i `uvov Avm‡Q Avgvi cvMjv †Nvov cvMjv †Nvov †ÿ‡c‡Q PveyK Qzu‡o †g‡i‡Q|

Qov-6 †bvUb †bvUb cvqiv¸‡jv †SvUb †eu‡a‡Q, Icv‡o‡Z †Q‡j‡g‡q bvB‡Z †b‡g‡Q `yB av‡i `yB iæB KvZjv †f‡m D‡V‡Q! †K †`‡L‡Q? †K †`‡L‡Q? `v`v †`‡L‡Q| `v`vi nv‡Z Kjg wQj Qzu‡o †g‡i‡Q, Dnt eÇ †j‡M‡Q| wkÿK mnvwqKv

Qov- 7 wmsngvgv wmsngvgv KiQ Zzwg wK GB †`Lbv †Kgb †Zvgvi Qwe Gu‡KwQ|

Qov- 8 GK `yB wZb gv‡qi mv‡_ Bu`yi Qvbv bv‡Q Zv wab wab Pvi cuvP Qq weovj G‡jv, QzUj mevB †c‡q fxlY fq| mvZ AvU bq GKwU Qvov AvU‡K †M‡Q wK nq! wK nq! AvU bq `k Bu`yi Qvbv cvwj‡q †M‡Q weov‡ji Avd‡mvm&!

Qov- 9 H †`Lv hvq Zvj MvQ H Avgv‡`i Muv, H Lv‡b‡Z evm K‡i Kvbv ewMi Qv| I ewM ZzB Lvm& wK? cvšÍv fvZ Pvm& wK? cvšÍv Avwg LvB bv cyuwU gvQ cvB bv, GKUv hw` cvB Agwb a‡i Mvcym ¸cym LvB|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Qov- 10 Qov- 11

AvZv Mv‡Q †ZvZv cvwL Wvwjg Mv‡Q †g․ GZ WvwK Zey †Kb KIbv K_v eD|

†LvKv Nygv‡jv cvov Ryov‡jv ewM© G‡jv †`‡k, eyjeywj‡Z avb †L‡q‡Q LvRbv †`e wK‡m? avb dziv‡jv cvb dziv‡jv LvRbvi Dcvq wK? Avi KUv w`b meyi K‡iv imyb ey‡bwQ|

Qov- 12 †LvKb †LvKb gqbv cwi‡q †`e Mqbv †LvKb hv‡e k¦ïi evwo Avi †h †`wi mqbv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

Qov- 13 †LvKv hv‡e gvQ Ki‡Z ÿxi b`xi K‚‡j, wQc wb‡q †Mj †Kvjv e¨v‡O gvQ wb‡q †Mj wP‡j|

Qov- 14 Avq‡i Avq wU‡q bv‡q fiv w`‡q, bv wb‡q †Mj †evqvj gv‡Q ZvBbv †`‡L †fuv`i bv‡P| I‡i †fuv`i wd‡i Pv †LvKvi bvPb †`‡L hv|

Qov- 15 †Mvj K‡ivbv †Mvj K‡ivbv †QvUb Nygvq Lv‡U, GB Nyg‡K wKb‡Z n‡jv bIqve evwoi nv‡U| †mvbv bq iƒcv bq w`jvg †gvwZi gvjv, ZvB‡Zv †QvUb Nywg‡q Av‡Q Ni K‡i DRvjv| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Qov- 16 mKv‡j DwVqv Avwg g‡b g‡b ewj mvivw`b Avwg †hb fv‡jv n‡q Pwj Av‡`k K‡ib hvnv †gvi ¸iæR‡b Avwg †hb †mB KvR Kwi fv‡jv g‡b|

Qov- 17 Twinkle Twinkle Little Star How I wonder what you are? Up above the world so high Like a diamond in the sky. wkÿK mnvwqKv

Qov- 18 †fvi n‡jv †`vi †Lv‡jv LyKzgwb DV †i, H Wv‡K RyuB kv‡L dzj LywK †QvU‡i| Lywj nvj Zzwj cvj H Zix Pjj, GBevi GB evi LyKz †PvL Lyjj| Avj‡m bq †m D‡V †ivR mKv‡j, †ivR ZvB P^v`v fvB wUc †`q Kcv‡j| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Qov- 19 Iqvb †Mj gvQ ai‡Z Uz †Mj Zvi mv‡_, w_ª e‡m †b․Kv Pvjvq •eVv wb‡q nv‡Z| †dvi coj MvQ †_‡K dvBf e‡m Kuv‡`, wm· e‡m i‡KU Pvjvq cywY©gviB Puv‡`| †m‡fb R‡j muvZvi Kv‡U GBP Kv‡U avb, bvBb e‡m Zejv evRvq †Ub a‡i‡Q Mvb|

Qov- 20 ABCDEFG HIJKLMNOP LMNOPQRST UVWXYZ Now, I know my ABC Won’t you come And sing with me.

Qov- 21 wcucov wcucov KqUv wWg? GKUv, `yBUv wZbUv wWg| wcucov wcucov KqUv QvI? PviUv, cuvPUv, QqUv QvI, wcucov wcucov KqUv bvI? mvZUv, AvUUv, bqUv bvI, wcucov wcucov KqUv jvD? GK, k~b¨, `kUv jvD| wkÿK mnvwqKv

Qov- 22 Rvg, Rvgiæj, K`‡ej AvZv, KuvVvj, bvi‡Kj Zvj, ZigyR, Avgov KvgivOv, †ej, †cqviv †c‡c, Wvwjg, RjcvB eoB w`jvg Avi wK PvB|

Qov- 23

Qov- 24

bL KuvwU Pzj QvwU _vKe †gviv cwicvwU fv‡jv K‡i `uvZ gvwR Rvgv Kvco c‡i mvwR nvZ ay‡q Lvevi LvB RyZv c‡i ¯‥z‡j hvB|

jvj kvK KPzkvK dzj Kwc LvB, jvD Avi wmg †L‡q eo gRv cvB| wgwó Kzgov LvB Av‡iv LvB kmv, UzKUz‡K jvj MvRi †L‡Z fvwi gRv| Kijv †Zu‡Zv jv‡M Zey †L‡Z nq, U‡g‡Uvi KZ¸Y Rv‡bv wbðq! cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Qov- 25 Kgjvdzwj Kgjvdzwj Kgjv †jeyi dzj, Kgjvdzwji we‡q n‡e Kv‡b gwZi `yj| Kgjv dzwji we‡q, †`L‡Z hv‡e djvi Lv‡e P›`bv Avq wU‡q|

Qov- 26 Po‬B Wv‡K wKwPi wgwPi nj‡` cvwLi we‡q †kqvj gvgv ei †m‡R‡Q †Uvci gv_vq w`‡q| gqbv e‡j Mqbv KB? kvwjK e‡j Avqbv KB? †cuPv e‡j _vg‡i Gevi Mvb †kvbv‡e wU‡q| wkÿK mnvwqKv

L) Mvb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì Rb¨ cvV¨m~wP‡Z 14wU Mvb ivLv n‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ Qov Mvb, †`kvZ¡‡ evaK I AvÂwjK Mvb i‡q‡Q| wkLbdj : 3.1.7: Qov, Mvb, Mí ej‡Z cvi‡e| 5.2.4: Q‡›ì Zv‡j Zv‡j ¯ vbxq †jvKR I Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡Zvl Mvb MvB‡Z cvi‡e| 5.2.7: ¯ vbxq mvaviY ev`¨hš¿ wPb‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: wkÿK mnvwqKv, NyOzi, Zejv, nvigwbqvg, wRcwm Ges ¯ vbxq ev`¨hš¿| Mvb †kLv‡bvi wbqg • wkï‡ì Mvb †kLv‡bvi Av‡M wkÿK cÖwZwU Mvb wb‡R fv‡jvfv‡e AvqZ¡ K‡i wb‡eb| • cÖ_‡g cy‡iv MvbwU wkï‡ì mvg‡b MvB‡eb Ges Zvici wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb †h MvbwU Zv‡ì fv‡jv jvM‡Q wKbv A_ev Zviv MvB‡Z Pvq wKbv| • wkïiv AvMÖnx n‡j Zv‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb Ges wkÿK MvbwUi cÖ_g Ask wkï‡ì wb‡q MvB‡eb| GKwU Ask wkïiv fv‡jvfv‡e AvqZ¡ Kivi ci cieZx© Ask MvB‡eb| • wkï‡ì wb‡q nvZZvwj w`‡q Mvb MvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡Z wkïiv Zv‡j I Q‡›` MvB‡e| • Gfv‡e cy‡iv MvbwU wkï‡ì wb‡q MvB‡eb| • cy‡iv MvbwU †kLv n‡j wkï‡ì‡K GKvKx Ges `‡j MvB‡Z Drmvn I mnvqZv w`‡eb| • Mvb MvIqvi `jxq cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

jÿYxq mnvwqKvq ewY©Z Mvb Qvov wkÿK ¯ vbxqfv‡e msM„nxZ AvÂwjK MvbI GKB wbq‡g wkï‡`i †kLv‡Z cv‡ib|

we‡kl `ªeóe¨ : GB Kvh©µ‡gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wkïiv †hb Drmvn I Avb‡›`i gva¨‡g gRv K‡i Mvb MvB‡Z cv‡i Zv wbwðZ Kiv|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Mv‡bi ZvwjKv 1.

So G‡jv G‡jv So

2. gv_v, Kuva, nuvUz, cv‡qi cvZv 3. jvj SzwU KvKvZzqv 4. Avq Avq Puv` gvgv 5. Ggb gRv nq bv 6. Avgv‡`i †`kUv ¯^cœcyix 7. Avgiv mevB ivR 8. Avgiv Ki‡ev Rq 9. †`vj †`vj †`vjwb 10. GKw`b QzwU n‡e 11. †g‡Ni †Kv‡j †iv` †n‡m‡Q 12. GK wQj †Uvbv 13. cÖRvcwZ 14. K G Kjv L G LvB

wkÿK mnvwqKv

Mvb- 1 So G‡jv G‡jv So Avg co Avg co KuvPv Avg cvKv Avg UK UK wgwó GB hv! G‡jv eywS e„wó|

Mvb- 2 gv_v, Kuva, nuvUz cv‡qi cvZv ‡PvL Avi Kvb Avi gyL Avi bvK| gv_v, Kuva, nuvUz cv‡qi gvZv, nuvUz cv‡qi cvZv| (2 evi) †PvL Avi Kvb Avi gyL Avi bvK|

Mvb- 3 jvj SzuwU KvKvZzqv a‡i‡Q †h evqbv PvB Zvi jvj wd‡Z wPiæwb Avi Avqbv ‡R` eo jvj †c‡q wUqv is kvwo PvB gb fiv ivM wb‡q n‡jv gyL fvix ZvB evUv fiv cvb †`e gvb †Kb hvqbv jvj SzuwU KvKvZzqv a‡i‡Q †h evqbv| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Mvb- 4 Avq Avq Puv` gvgv wUc w`‡q hv, Puv‡ì Kcv‡j Puv` wUc w`‡q hvq| avb fvb‡j Kz‡ov †è, gvQ KvU‡j gy‡ov †è, Kv‡jv MvB‡qi `ya †è, `ya Lvevi evwU †è Puv‡ì Kcv‡j Puv` wUc w`‡q hvq|

Mvb- 5 Ggb gRv nqbv Mv‡q †mvbvi Mqbv eyey gwbi we‡q n‡e evR‡e KZ evRbv AvR‡K eyeyi gy‡L nvwm Kvj‡K eyeyi we‡q ei Avm‡e cvjwK P‡o eKzj Ziv w`‡q ei Avm‡Z †`e bv, eyeyi Kv‡Q †be bv I eyey †Zvi ei‡K ewjm Avb‡Z Avgvi LvRbv Ggb gRv nqbv Mv‡q †mvbvi Mqbv|

Mvb- 6 Avgv‡ì †`kUv ¯^cœcyix mvw_ †gv‡ì dzjcwi jvjcwi bxjcwi bxjcwi jvjcwi mvevi mv‡_ fve Kwi mevi mv‡_ fve Kwi Avgv‡ì †`kUv ¯^cœcyix GBLv‡b wg_¨v K_v †KD e‡j bv GKB Lv‡b Amr c‡_ †KD P‡j bv †bB †Kvb wg_¨v Acgvb †QvU eo mevB mgvb fvjevmv w`‡q Rxeb cwo Rxeb Mwo Avgv‡ì †`kUv ¯^cœcyix| wkÿK mnvwqKv

Mvb- 7 Avgiv mevB ivRv Avgiv mevB ivRv Avgv‡ì GB ivRvi ivR‡Z¡ bB‡i †gv‡ì ivRvi m‡b wje wK ¯^‡Z¡ Avgiv mevB ivRv.........| Avgiv hv Lywk ZvB Kwi, Zey Zvi Lywk‡Z Pwi (2) Avgiv bB euvav bB `v‡mi ivRvi Îv‡mi `vm‡Z¡ bB‡j †gv‡ì ivRvi m‡b| wgje wK m‡Z¡ Avgiv mevB ivRv|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Mvb- 8 Avgiv Ki‡ev Rq Avgiv Ki‡ev Rq Avgiv Ki‡ev Rq GKw`b| I †nv ey‡Ki Mfx‡i, Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, Avgiv Ki‡ev Rq GKw`b| Avgv‡ì ‡bB †bv fq, Avgv‡ì †bB †Kvb fq, Avgv‡ì †bB †Kvb fq AvR‡K| I †nv ey‡Ki Mfx‡i, Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, Avgiv Ki‡ev Rq GKw`b| Avgiv bB GKv Aviv bB GKv, Avgiv bB GKv AvR‡K, I †nv ey‡Ki Mfx‡i, Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, Avgiv bB GKv AvR‡K| kvwšÍi n‡e Rq, kvwšÍi n‡e Rq, kvwšÍi n‡e Rq GKw`b| I †nv ey‡Ki Mfx‡i, Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, kvwšÍi n‡e Rq wbðq| H

wkÿK mnvwqKv

Mvb- 9 †`vj †`vj †`vjwb, ivOv gv_vq wPiæwb, G‡b †`e nvU †_‡K, gvb Zzwg K‡iv bv| bZzb bZzb †LuvcvwU, Zz‡j G‡b †`vcvwU, ivOv wdZvq †eu‡a †`‡ev, gvb Zzwg K‡iv bv\ †P‡q †`L Wvwjg dz‡j, IB R‡g‡Q †g․, †e․ K_v KI, WvK‡Q cvwL Kqbv K_v †e․| SzgSzwg gj cv‡q‡Z Mqbv †mvbvi Mv‡q‡Z, AviI †`e bv‡Ki †bvjK gvb Zzwg K‡iv bv\

Mvb- 10 GKw`b QzwU n‡e, A‡bK `~‡i hve, bxj AvKv‡k meyR Nv‡m Lywk‡Z nviv‡ev|| †hLv‡b _vK‡e bv †Kvb kvmb, _vK‡e bv wbq‡gi †Kvb euvab, I I I| cvwL n‡q Do‡ev, dzj n‡q dzU‡ev cvZvq cvZvq wkwki n‡q nvwm Qov‡ev| GKw`b QzwU................. cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Mvb- 11 †g‡Ni †Kv‡j †iv` †n‡m‡Q ev`j †M‡Q UzwU, Av nv nv nv nv AvR Avgv‡ì QzwU I fvB AvR Avgv‡ì QzwU, Av nv nv nv nv wK Kwi AvR †f‡e bv cvB, c_ nvwi‡q †Kvb e‡b hvB, †Kvb gv‡V †h Qz‡U †eovB mKj †Q‡j RywU, Av nv nv nv nv| †g‡Ni †Kv‡j-------†Kqv cvZvi †b․Kv M‡o mvwR‡q †è dz‡j Zvj w`wN‡Z fvwm‡q †è Pj‡e `y‡i `y‡j| ivLvj †Q‡ji m‡½ †aby Pove AvR evwR‡q †eYy gvLe Mv‡q dz‡ji †iYy Puvcv e‡b jywU, Av nv nv nv nv †g‡Ni †Kv‡j-------Av nv nv nv nv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

Mvb- 12 GK wQj †Uvbv Avi GK wQj Uzwb †Uvbv e‡j I‡i Uzwb wcVv Ki (2 evi) †Uvbv Uzwb‡K e‡j, Pvj Avb, Wvj Avb Z‡e †Zv wcVv GK wQj †Uvbv Avi GK wQj Uzwb †Uvbv e‡j I‡i Uzwb wcVv Ki †Uvbv evRv‡i †Mj, Pvj Avcwbj Wvj Avwbj †Uvbv Uzwb‡K w`j Uzwb wcVv evbvj †Uvbv‡K †L‡Z w`j (Ggb mgq) `yóz †Q‡jiv me wXj Qzwoj GK wQj †Uvbv Avi GK wQj Uzwb †Uvbv e‡j I‡i Uzwb wcVv Ki| 68

Mvb- 13 cÖRvcwZ cÖRvcwZ †Kv_vq †c‡j fvB, Ggb iwOb cvLv UzKUz‡K jvj bxj wSwjwgwj AuvKve7vKv †Kv_vq †c‡j fvB, Ggb iwOb cvLv Zzwg UzjUz‡j ebdz‡j gay `vI IB cvLv `vI †mvbvwj iƒcvwi civM gvLv †Kv_vq †c‡j fvB..........| †gvi gb †h‡Z Pvq bv cvVkvjv‡Z cÖRvcwZ! Zzwg wb‡q hvI mvw_ K‡i, †Zvgvi mv‡_ cÖRvwZ!

Zzwg nvIqvq †b‡P †b‡P hvI Avi †Zvgvi g‡Zv K‡i Avb›` `vI GB Rvgv fv‡jv jv‡M bv `vI Rvgv Qwe AuvKv †Kv_vq †c‡j fvB, Ggb iwOb cvLv cÖRcwZ cÖRvcwZ †Kv_vq †c‡j fvB, Ggb iwOb cvLv| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Mvb- 14 K G Kjv L G LvB GZ †ewk †L‡Z bvB M G Miæ N G Nvm KZ Mvm †L‡Z Pvm? O e‡j †Kvjv e¨vO

c G cvKv d G dj ivRv †Mj imvZj e G †evb f G fvB KZ †evb KZ fvB g G gvwU g G gv gvwU Avgvi gv

P G †PvL Q G Qj †PvL `y‡Uv QjQj R G Rj S G wSj KZ Rj wSjwgj T e‡j wgTv fvB fq bvB fq bvB

wkÿK mnvwqKv

Zvjy Avi wR‡f wg‡j g~a©Y¨ l `uv‡Z Avi wR‡f wg‡j nq `šÍ¨ m l G luvo G G mvc cvjv mvc I‡i evc

n G nvwZ o G eo nvwZ †`L KZ eo X G †dvUv w`‡j p gay eo Mvp r G Kz‡cvKvr dU K‡i evwRgvZ

Z G Zzwg _ G _vwg _vg‡ev bv Zzwg Avwg ` G ùvZ a G avi Kvi ùv‡Z KZ avi ùv‡Z Avi wR‡f wg‡j n‡jv `šÍ¨ b

h G hv‡e i G i_ i_ hv‡e Qv‡ov c_ j G jvj e G evwZ R¡j‡Q †i jvj evwZ Zvje¨ k G e‡j †ewk †ewk †Kb wb‡j

U G Uzwc V G wUK †n‡i †M‡j wV wVK W †Wvj X G †Xvj Xv‡K †Xv‡j †kvi‡Mvj Zvjy Avi wR‡f wg‡j g~a©Y¨ Y

s 70

M) Mí cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkïi Rb¨ †gvU 23wU Mí wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ 13wU Mí GB wkÿK mnvwqKvq †`qv n‡q‡Q| evKx 10wU M‡íi cÖwZwUi Rb¨ GKwU K‡i †gvU 10wU M‡íi eB cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Mí¸‡jvi ZvwjKv cieZx© c„ôvq †`Iqv n‡jv| wkLbbdj:

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cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

M‡íi ZvwjKv wkÿK mnvwqKvi Mí 1. K‪Qc I Li‡Mvk 2. †kqvj I KvK 3. c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv 4. cvZv I gvwUi †Xjv 5. wbSzg e‡b Mv‡bi Avmi 6. †QvÆ †Q‡j †ejvi 7. †QvU jvj gyiwMwU 8. AvRe RyZv 9. ÿz‡` dwos dziær 10. wZbwU ÿzavZ© QvMj 11. ev`yo 12. Rv¤^y bv‡gi GKwU nvwZ 13. Avjy †Luv‡R

M‡íi eB 14. Acyi weovj 15. wU Us Gi KvÐ 16. †Kv_vq Avgvi gv 17. jvj †cvKvi Mí 18. Lywk GKw`b Kzmygcy‡i 19. †eov‡bvi GKw`b 20. dzj †dvUvi Avb›` 21. gRvi gvgv 22. PvPv evRv‡i hvb 23 eM©ivRv I wÎfzRivwb wkÿK mnvwqKv

Mí- 1 : K”Qc I Li‡Mvk GK wQj eb| †mB e‡b wQj A‡bK cï cvwL| evN, nwiY, fvjyK, Li‡Mvk, K‪Qc......Avi wQj KvK| GKw`b H e‡b †`․o †Ljvi Av‡qvRb n‡jv| Z‡e †m †Ljvq mevB †Ljj bv| ïay K‪Qc I Li‡Mvk ivRx n‡jv| Li‡Mvk I K‪Qc `yÕRb B †`․o †`Iqvi Rb¨ cy¯‧Z n‡jv| Gw`‡K fvjyK I •Zwi wQj| fvjyK wc¯Í‡j Vvm& K‡i ¸wj Qzuo‡ZB ïiæ n‡jv †`․o| Li‡Mvk Lye ev‡jv †`․ov‡Z cv‡i wKš‧ K‪Qc Lye Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í †`․ovq| ZvB Li‡Mvk K‪Qc‡K GK`g cvËv w`j bv| Li‡Mvk Lye Aí mg‡q A‡bK `~i P‡j †Mj| †m wcQ‡b ZvwK‡q †`Lj; K‪QcwU Zvi †_‡K A‡bK wcQ‡b| †m Av‡iv wKQzÿY †`․ovj| Li‡Mvk †`․ov‡Z †`․ov‡Z GK mgq wcQ‡b wd‡i †`Lj, K‪Qc‡K G‡Kev‡iB †`Lv hvq bv| Li‡Mvk fvej, K‪Qc †Zv A‡bK `~‡i, GB duv‡K Avwg GKUz wRwi‡q †bB| †m GKwU Mv‡Qi wb‡P e‡m wekÖvg wb‡Z jvMj| GKmgq Li‡Mvk Nywg‡q coj| Gw`‡K K‪Qc †`․ov‡Z †`․ov‡Z Li‡Mv‡ki Kv‡Q P‡j G‡m‡Q| Li‡Mvk wKQzB eyS‡Z cvij bv| †m ZL‡bv Ny‡gv‡‪Q| K‪Qc Li‡Mvk‡K AwZµg K‡i A‡bK `~i †Pj †Mj| K‪Qc fve‡Q P‚ovšÍ RvqMvh bv hvIqv c©šÍ Zvi wekÖvg †bB| K‪Qc Rv‡b, †m Ggwb‡ZB Lye †Rv‡o †`․ov‡Z cv‡i bv, Zvici hw` Ae‡njv K‡i Z‡e †`․‡o wRZ‡Z cvi‡e bv| ZvB K&Pc ïay †`․‡oB P‡j‡Q| Gw`‡K Li‡Mvk ïay Ny‡gv‡‪Q Avi Ny‡gv‡‪Q| A‡bKÿY ci Li‡Mvk Nyg †_‡K DVj| wcQ‡b †`Lj K‪Qc‡K ZL‡bv †`Lv hv‡‪Q bv| Mv‡Q wQj GK KvK| Li‡Mvk Kv‡Ki mv‡_ Mí Kiv ïiæ Kij| KvK ejj Li‡Mvk fvB, Zzwg †Kgb AvQ? Li‡Mvk ejj Lye fv‡jv| Li‡Mvk Zvi fv‡jv _vKvi KviYwU ejj| †m †`․‡oi NUbvwU KvK‡K ejj| †k‡l ejj, K‪Qc GL‡bv KZ`~‡i, ZvB †Zvgvi mv‡_ GKUz Mí K‡i wbw‪Q| GK_v ï‡bB KvK ejj, Zzwg KZ †evKv! Zzwg hLb Nywg‡q wQ‡j †`Ljvg GKUv K‪Qc †Zvgvi cvk w`‡q P‡j †M‡Q| GK_v ï‡b Li‡Mvk Pg‡K DVj! †m mvg‡bi w`‡K ZvwK‡q †`Lj, K‪Qc A‡bK `~‡i P‡j †M‡Q| Li‡Mvk †Rv‡o †`․ov‡Z Avmj| wKš‧ ZZÿ‡Y K‪Qc MšÍe¨ ¯ v‡b †cu․‡Q †M‡Q| K‪Qc †Ljvq wR‡Z †Mj| Zvici ïiæ n‡jv cyiæ¯‥vi weZiYx mfv| mfvq A‡bK cïcvwL G‡jv: gqbv, wUqv, †`v‡qj, K‪Qc, Li‡Mvk, †kqvj, nwiY, evN, fvjyK, wmsn, KvK, gq~i I AviI A‡b‡K| gq~i K‪Q‡ci Mjvq †g‡Wj Szwj‡q w`j| mevB K‪Q‡ci D‡Ï‡k¨ nvZZvwj w`j| Avi K‪Q‡ci cyi¯‥vi †bIhv †`‡L †ePviv Li‡Mvk g‡b Lye Kó †cj| †m g‡b g‡b fvej, Avi KL‡bv †Kvb Kv‡R Ae‡njv Ki‡e bv|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Mí- 2 : †kqvj I KvK GK KvK †`vKvb †_‡K GKUzKiv gvsm †Quv †g‡i wb‡q D‡U G‡m GKUv Mv‡Q Wv‡j emj| A‡bKw`b †m gvsm Lvq bv| ZvB gvsm †c‡q g‡b g‡b A‡bK Lywk n‡jv| †m Kxfv‡e gRv K‡i GB gvsmUv Lv‡e ZvB fvewQj| Ggb mgq GKUv †kqvj Mv‡Qi wb‡P w`‡q hvw‪Qj| nVvr Dc‡ii w`‡K ZvKv‡ZB Zvi †PvL coj Kv‡K gy‡L _vKv gvs‡mi Dci| gvsm †`‡L Zvi wR‡f cvwb P‡j Avmj| †m wPšÍv Ki‡Z jvMj Kxfv‡e G gvsmUv LvIqv hvq| nVvr †kqv‡ji gv_vq GKUv eyw× G‡jv| †m KvK‡K ejj, KvK fvB, Zzwg KZ my›`i! Kx my›`i wgPwg‡P Kv‡jv is †Zvgvi| †Zvgvi Mjvi AvIqvRI Lye wgwó| KZw`b a‡i †Zvgvi wgwó Mjvi †Kv‡bv Mvb ïwb bv| KvK †kqv‡ji cÖksmv ï‡b Lye Lywk n‡jv| Avevi †kqvj KvK‡K ejj, †Zvgvi gayi K‡Éi GKUv Mvb Avgvq †kvbvI bv fvB? KvK †kqv‡ji K_vh GZUvB Lywk n‡jv †h Mjv †Q‡o Kv-Kv ¯^‡i MvB‡Z ïiæ Kij| Avi Kv-Kv K‡i WvK‡ZB Kv‡Ki gyL †_‡K gvsmUv Szc K‡i M‡j †Mj wb‡P| †kqvj †Zv wb‡P •ZwiB wQj| Lc K‡i gvsm wb‡q gy‡L cy‡i g‡bi Avb‡›` †L‡Z †L‡Z P‡j †Mj| KvK Gevi Zvi fzj eyS‡Z cvij| wKš‧ ZZÿ‡Y †kqvj gvsm wb‡q P‡j †M‡Q A‡bK `~‡i|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

Mí- 3 : c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv †QvÆ †g‡q Uzwb| mvivw`b Lywkg‡bi †L‡j †eovq| GKw`b Uzwb ejj, Avwg c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv evbv‡ev| wKš‧ GKv †Zv GZ eo wcVv evbv‡Z cvi‡ev bv| †m wVK Kij MÖv‡gi mevB‡K wb‡q c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv evbv‡e| Uzwb MÖv‡gi mevB‡K ejj, Avgiv wg‡j c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv evbv‡ev| Uzwbi K_vq MÖv‡gi mevB Lye Lywk n‡jv| GK †VjvMvwo fwZ© `yBRb Pv‡ji ¸uov wb‡q G‡jv| ejj, Avgiv c„w_exi m‡e‡P‡q eo wcVv evbv‡ev| K‡qKRb SuvKvq ¸o Avb‡jv| ejj, Avgiv c„w_exi me‡P‡h eo wcVv evbv‡ev| A‡b‡K wg‡j A‡bK¸‡jv bvwi‡Kj Avb‡jv| ejj, Avgiv c„w_exi me‡P‡h eo wcVv evbv‡ev| GKRb we-iv-U GK nuvwo‡Z Pv‡ji ¸uov gvLv‡jv| ejj, Avgiv c„w_exi me‡P‡h eo wcVv evbv‡ev| wcVv evbv‡bv n‡q †Mj| wcVvi myNªv‡Y Pviw`K †g․ †g․ Ki‡Z jvMj| Lei †c‡q Pvicv‡ki MÖvg †_‡K A‡bK †jvK Avm‡jv| mevB GZ eo wcVv †`‡L Lye AevK n‡jv| GZ eo wcVv! ejj, Avgiv c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv gRv K‡i Lv‡ev| ZLb `yBRb weivU GK KivZ Avb‡jv| †KD ejj-`viæY! †KD ejj-Kx gRvi wcVv! †KD ejj- gb f‡i †Mj †Mv! †KD ejj-Avn! Gfv‡e Uzwb mevB‡K wb‡q c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv evbv‡jv Avi mevB wg‡j gRv K‡i †Lj| mevB wg‡j GKmv‡_ KvR Ki‡j KwVb KvRI mnR n‡q hvq| Avi Kv‡R A‡bK gRvI cvIqv hvq|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Mí- 4 : cvZv I gvwUi †Xjv iv¯Ívi av‡i GKUv Mv‡Q meyR cvZv wQj| cvZv¸‡jv evZvm G‡j Lye gRv †c‡Zv, Avi †n‡j `y‡j †Ljv KiZ| GKw`b nVvr Lye †Rv‡i evZvm G‡jv| †Lj‡Z †Lj‡Z GUv cvZv Uzc K‡i wQu‡o wb‡P c‡o †Mj| evZvm Lye †Rv‡i eBwQj ZvB cvZvUv †Kvbfv‡eB Mv‡Qi wb‡P _vK‡Z cviwQj bv| †m g‡b g‡b fvej, AvR evZvm Avgv‡K Dwo‡qB wb‡q hv‡e| Mv‡Qi wb‡Pi c‡o wQj GKUv gvwUi †Xjv| †m cvZvi g‡bi K_v eyS‡Z cvij| †m ax‡i ax‡i cvZvi Kv‡Q G‡m ejj, ÒZzwg fq †c‡qv bv| evZvm †Zvgv‡K Dwo‡q wb‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avwg †Zvgvi Dci e‡m †Zvgvq a‡i ivL‡ev|Ó gvwUi †Xjvi K_vq cvZvi fq wKQzUv `~i n‡jv| gvwUi †Xjv cvZvi Dci emj ZvB evZvm Avi cvZv‡K Dwo‡q wb‡Z cvij bv| GKUz c‡iB †Xjvi g‡bi K_v eyS‡Z cvij| †m gvwUi †Xjv‡K ejj, ÒZzwg GKUzI wPšÍv K‡iv bv| e„wó †Zvgvi wKQzB Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avwg †Zvgv‡K †X‡K ivLe|Ó Agwb cvZv wM‡q gvwUi †Xjv‡K e„wó †_‡K Avovj K‡i ivLj| e„wó gvwUi †Xjv‡K Mjv‡Z cvij bv| Gevi gvwUi †Xjv cvZv‡K ejj AvR †_‡K Avgiv eÜz| Avgiv GKRb Ab¨Rb‡K mvnvh¨ K‡iwQ e‡jB AvR Avgiv `yÕR‡bB †eu‡P AvwQ| GLb †_‡K Avgiv memgq G‡K Aci‡K mvnvh¨ Kie| cvZv gvwUi †Xjvi K_v ï‡b Lye Lywk n‡jv| †mB †_‡K Zviv `yÕRb eÜz Ges memg‡q G‡K Ab¨‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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wkÿK mnvwqKv

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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wkÿK mnvwqKv

Mí Ñ 9 : ÿz‡` dwos dziær ÿz‡` dwos dziær †L‡Z Lye fv‡jvev‡m| eo GKUv evMv‡bi Mv‡Q †m _vKZ Zvi gv‡qi mv‡_| †m bvbv ai‡Yi dzj, dj, cvZv, wkg, Kjv BZ¨vw` †L‡Z PvBZ| wKš‧ Zvi gv Zv‡K ïay KwP WvjcvjvB LvIqv‡Zv| mKv‡j †L‡Z w`Z KwP Wvjcvjv, `ycy‡iI KwP Wvj cvjv Avevi iv‡ZI †mB GKB KwP Wvjcvjv| ZvB GK †mvgev‡i dziær PzwcPzwc evMv‡b wM‡q GKUv Kjv †L‡q †dj| g½jev‡i dziær Avevi evMv‡b †Mj| Gevi †m †L‡jv `yBUv Kv‡jvRvg| eyaevi PzwcPzwc evMv‡b wM‡q †m †L‡jv wZbwU njy` dzj| e„n¯úwZev‡i evMv‡b GKv GKv wM‡q †m †L‡jv PviwU imv‡jv cvZv| ïµeviI †m ev` w`j bv| Gevi †L‡jv cuvPwU meyR mxg| G‡Z wK dziær Gi †cU fij? bv, fij bv! kwbevi †m Pzwc Pzwc gv‡V wM‡q GKmv‡_ †L‡jv GKwU Kjv, `y‡Uv Rvc, wZb‡U njy` dzj, PviwU imv‡jv cvZv Ges cuvPwU meyR mxg! GZwKQz †L‡q Zvi †cU dz‡j n‡q †M‡jv †Xvj! dziær Avi Do‡Z cvij bv| Mv‡Qi wb‡P e‡m coj Ges Kuv`‡Z jvMj| gv dziær‡K Kuv`‡Z †`‡L GwM‡q G‡jv| gv ZvovZvwo dziær‡K cvwb LvIqv‡jv Ges Nywg‡q bv cov ch©šÍ ey‡K Rwo‡q a‡i ivLj| †iveevi dziær A‡bKUv my¯‡  eva Kij| Gici †_‡K diær ïay gv‡qi †`Iqv KwP WvjcvjvB Lvq|

wW wc B I BDwb‡md KZ©„K cÖKvwkZ ¯‥z‡j fwZ©i cÖ¯‧wZ: wkï †_‡K wkïi †kLv Kg©m~Pxi Mí Aej¤^‡b

wkÿK mnvwqKv

Mí Ñ 10 : wZbwU ÿzavZ© QvMj GK b`xi av‡i wZbwU QvMj evm KiZ| eo QvMj, gvSvwi QvMj Avi †QvU QvMj| Zviv b`xi †h cv‡k evm KiZ †mLv‡b †Kvb Nvm wQj bv| ZvB Zviv me mgq ÿzavZ© _vKZ| b`xi Ab¨ cv‡k wQj A‡bK meyR Nvm| Avi b`xi Dci GKwU muv‡KvI wQj| wKš‧ ZeyI ÿzavZ© QvMjiv muv‡Kv w`‡q †cwi‡q Icv‡i wM‡q Nvm †L‡Z cviZ bv| †Kb Rvb! KviY muv‡Kvi wb‡P evm KiZ GK fqvbK ivÿm| GKw`b †QvU QvMj g‡b g‡b wVK Kij †m muv‡Kv cvi n‡q Icv‡i wM‡q Nvm Lv‡e| †hB fvev †mB KvR| †m cv wU‡c wU‡c muv‡Kv cvi n‡Z jvMj| Ggb mgq fqvbK ivÿmwU †PuwP‡q e‡j DVj, ÒPzwcPzwc Avgvi muv‡Kvi Dci w`‡q †K hvq †i? Avwg †Zv‡K GÿzwY †L‡q †dje!Ó †QvU QvMjwU fq †c‡jI eyw× K‡i ejj, Ò`qv K‡i Avgv‡K †L‡qv bv| GLbB Avgvi †g‡Sv fvB Avm‡e, †m A‡bK bv`ymby`ym|Ó ÒwVK Av‡Q, ZzB †h‡Z cvwimÓ e‡j ivÿm †QvU QvMjwU‡K †Q‡o w`j| †m b`x †cwi‡q Icv‡i wM‡q g‡bi my‡L Nvm †L‡Z jvMj| Gici gvSvwi QvMj cv wU‡c wU‡c muv‡Kv cvi n‡Z †Mj, GeviI ivÿm fzm K‡i cvwbi wbP †_‡K †ewi‡q wPrKvi K‡i ejj, ÒPzwcPzwc Avgvi muv‡Kvi Dci w`‡q †K hvq †i? ùvov AvmwQ Avwg| AvR †Zv‡K LveB|Ó gvSvwi QvMj fq †c‡q Kuvc‡Z Kuvc‡Z ejj, †`vnvB †Zvgvi, Avgv‡K †L‡qv bv| wcQ‡b Avgvi eo fvB Avm‡Q| I A‡bK eo Ges †gvUv‡mvUv| ivÿm ï‡b wKQzÿY wPšÍv K‡i ejj, ÒwVK Av‡Q, Zvn‡j ZzB hvÓ gvSvwi QvMjwUI †QvU QvM‡ji m‡½ wM‡q g‡bi my‡L Nvm †L‡Z jvMj| Gevi eo QvMj cv wU‡c wU‡c muv‡Kv cvi n‡Z †Mj| †Ui †c‡q ivÿm cvwb †_‡K jvd w`‡q muv‡Kvi Dci eo QvM‡ji mvg‡b ùvovj| ÒZzBI PzwcPzwc P‡j hvw‪Qm? wKš‧ †Zv‡K †Zv Avwg Lve|Ó eo QvMj †i‡M w`‡q ejj, wK? Avgv‡K Lvwe? Z‡e †i.... Avq Zvn‡j.... ÒAvq Zvn‡j....Ó eo QvMj GKUz `~‡i wM‡q †ù․‡o G‡m Zvi wks w`‡q ivÿ‡mi †c‡U w`‡jv GK ¸u‡Zv| wks Gi ¸u‡Zv †L‡q Scvm K‡i ivÿmwU b`x‡Z c‡o †Mj| c‡i †mB †h cvwj‡q †Mj ivÿmwU, Zv‡K Avi †Kvb w`b †`Lv hvqwb| Gici †_‡K eo QvMj, gvSvwi QvMj Avi †QvU QvMj cÖwZw`b muv‡K †cwo‡q b`xi Icv‡i wM‡q Nvm †L‡Zv| Zviv Avi KL‡bv ÿzavZ© _v‡Kwb|

wW wc B I BDwb‡md KZ©„K cÖKvwkZ ¯‥z‡j fwZ©i cÖ¯‧wZ: wkï †_‡K wkïi †kLv Kg©m~Pxi Mí Aej¤^‡b

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Mí Ñ 11 : ev`yo GK R½‡j cïcvwLiv me g‡bi my‡L emevm KiwQj| Zv‡ì mevi g‡a¨ wQj Lye wgj| Zviv GK m‡½ †LjZ gRv KiZ| cvwLiv me D‡o D‡o A‡bK `~‡i wM‡q Lvevi AvbZ Avi cïiv R½j †_‡K wbZ A‡bK gRvi gRvi Lvevi| Zvici mevB wg‡jwg‡k fvM K‡i †LZ| Zv‡ì GB wg‡jwg‡k _vKvUv †ewkw`b wUKj bv| GKw`b GK evbi gyL †fs‡P GK KvV †VvKiv‡K fq †`wL‡qwQj| KvV‡VvKiv ZvB †i‡M wM‡q Zvi j¤^v †VuvU w`‡q evb‡ii gv_vq w`‡jv `y‡Uv †VKi| e¨vm&, m‡½ m‡½B †j‡M †M‡jv SMov| e‡bi me cï G‡K G‡K P‡j †M‡jv evb‡ii w`‡K Avi me cvwL P‡j †M‡jv KvV‡VvKivi w`‡K| ïiæ n‡jv Zzg yj hy×| ïay ev`yo †Kvb c‡ÿ bv wM‡q `yB `‡ji hy× †`L‡Z jvMj| ev`yo jÿ¨ Kij cvwLiv hy‡× wR‡Z hv‡‪Q| Gevi †m cvwL‡ì `‡j wM‡q ejj, GB †`‡Lv Avgvi cvLv Av‡Q, Avwg Do‡Z cvwi, Avwg‡Zv cvwL, Avwg †Zvgv‡ìB `‡j| ev`yo ejj e‡U wKš‧ †m cï‡ì m‡½ hy‡× bvgj bv| cïiv me GKÎ n‡q Gevi Suvwc‡q coj cvwL‡ì Ici| Zzgyj hy‡× g‡b n‡jv Gevi eywS cïivB wRZ‡e| ev`yo GKUz wPšÍv K‡i nVvr K‡iB `j e`‡j †djj| cvwL‡ì `j †_‡K †ewi‡q †m cï‡ì Kv‡Q wM‡q ejj Avgvi †Zv ùvZ Av‡Q, GB †`L, ZvQvov Avgvi _vevI Av‡Q, Avwg †Zv Avm‡j cï| AvR †_‡K Avwg †Zvgv‡ìB `‡j| ev`yo cï‡ì `‡j †hvM w`j wVKB wKš‧ †Kvb hy‡× Ask wbj bv| Gici cvwLiv D‡o D‡o bL w`‡q Lvg‡P, †VuvU w`‡q VzK‡i cï‡ì Kvey K‡i †djj| hy× †kl n‡jv| cvwLiv hy‡× Rqx n‡jv| ev`yo m‡½ m‡½ cvwL‡ì Kv‡Q wM‡q ejj, ÒAvgvi Avm‡j fzj n‡q †M‡Q, Avwg †Zv cvwL, Avwg †Zv Do‡Z cvwi, Avwg †Zvgv‡ìB `‡j|Ó Gevi cvwLiv Zv‡K wQ wQ K‡i Zvwo‡q w`j| ev`yo cï‡ì Kv‡Q †Mj| GK_v ï‡b cïivI Zv‡K `‡j wbj bv| †ek wKQzw`b c‡i e‡bi cï I cvwL‡ì g‡a¨ Avevi wgj n‡q †Mj| Zviv Avevi GKm‡½ †L‡j, Lvevi Lvq, wKš‧ †KD ev`yo‡K cQ›` K‡i bv, †Lj‡ZI †bq bv| †mB †_‡K ev`yo GKv GKv Mv‡Q Sz‡j _v‡K Avi ïay iv‡Zi †ejv GKvwK D‡o †eovq|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

Mí Ñ 12 : Rv¤^y bv‡gi GKwU nvwZ GK R½‡j GK nvwZi Qvbv wQj| bvg Zvi Rv¤^y| Rv¤^yi cy‡iv kixi QvB i‡Oi| Kvb, ïuo‬, cv, †jR me QvB i‡Oi| wKš‧ Rv¤^y Zvi GB QvB is wb‡q †gv‡UI Lywk bq| ZvB †m gb Lvivc K‡i †Reªvi Kv‡Q †Mj| †Reªv me ï‡b ejj, wVK Av‡Q, Avwg Avgvi mv`v Avi Kv‡jv †Wviv KvUv `vM †_‡K †Zvgvi kix‡ii Rb¨ mv`v I Kv‡jv is †è| ï‡b Rv¤^y Lye Lywk n‡q †Reªv‡K ejj, †Zvgv‡K A‡bK abëv`| Gici Rv¤^y †ZvZv cvwLi Kv‡Q Zvi `yt‡Li K_v ejj| †ZvZv cvwL me ï‡b ejj, wVK Av‡Q, Avwg †Zvgvi ïu‡oi Rb¨ †Zvgv‡K Avgvi jvj isUv †è| Rv¤^y Lywk n‡q †ZvZv cvwL‡KI abëv` Rvbv‡jv| Gevi Rv¤^yi †`Lv n‡jv gq~‡ii m‡½| gq~i me ï‡b †cLg Zz‡j †b‡P †b‡P ejj, Ò†Zvgvi gv_v Avi Kv‡bi Rb¨ Avgvi bxj isUv wb‡Z cv‡ivÓ Rv¤^y gq~i‡K abëv` w`‡q is¸‡jv wbj| ax‡i ax‡i nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z Rv¤^y Gevi †cu․‡Q †Mj nwi‡Yi evwoi Kv‡Q| nwiY‡K g‡bi `ytL ej‡ZB nwiY Rv¤^yi cv‡qi Rb¨ Zvi ev`vgx isUv w`‡q w`j| Ò†Zvgv‡K A‡bK A‡bK abëv`Ó e‡j Rv¤^y mvg‡bi w`‡K G‡Mvj| c‡_ †`Lv n‡jv ev‡Ni Qvbvi m‡½| ev‡Ni Qvbvi KvQ †_‡K Rv¤^y Zvi †j‡Ri Rb¨ †c‡jv njy` is| Rv¤^y GLb Lye Lywk| †m A‡bK¸‡jv is †c‡jv| Kv‡jv, mv`v, jvj, meyR, bxj, ev`vwg Avi njy`| †gvU mvZwU is| ciw`b me is Mv‡q †g‡L Rv¤^y †eov‡Z †ei n‡jv| Rv¤^y AevK n‡q jÿ¨ Kij, Zvi eÜziv mevB Zv‡K †`L‡Q wKš‧ †KD wPb‡Z cvi‡Q bv| †Reªv ejj, GUv †Zv Avgv‡ì Rv¤^y bv| †ZvZv cvwL ejj, Avgv‡ì Rv¤^y †Zv Ggb bv| gq~i ejj, bv, G Avgv‡ì Rv¤^y bv| nwiY ejj, Avgv‡ì Rv¤^y †Kv_vq? ev‡Ni Qvbv ejj, Avgv‡ì Rv¤^y Zvn‡j †Kv_vq †Mj? Zviv †KD Rv¤^yi w`‡K wd‡iI ZvKvj bv| Rv¤^y Lye `ytL †c‡jv| †m cyKz‡i †Mj Ges Zvi kixi †_‡K me is ay‡q †djj| Rv¤^y Avevi Av‡Mi g‡Zv QvB i‡Oi n‡q †Mj| Gevi †m Avgvi †eov‡Z †ei n‡jv| eÜziv Zv‡K †`‡L mK‡j GK‡Î wPrKvi K‡i DVj, ÒGB‡Zv Avgv‡ì eÜz Rv¤^yÓ Zviv Rv¤^yi m‡½ mvivw`b †Ljvayjv Kij| Rv¤^yI Lye Lywk| Gici †_‡K QvB isUvB Rv¤^yi cQ›`|

wW wc B I BDwb‡md KZ©„K cÖKvwkZ ¯‥z‡j fwZ©i cÖ¯‧wZ: wkï †_‡K wkïi †kLv Kg©m~Pxi Mí Aej¤^‡b

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

wkÿK mnvwqKv

Iiv mewRUv `vwì Kv‡Q wb‡q Gj| `vw` ej‡jb, evn! Kx my›ì g~jv! abëv` †Zvgv‡ì‡K| Z‡e Gevi Aek¨B Avjy G‡bv| ivbv Avi wgZz gb Lvivc K‡i ejj, `vw`, KZ mewRB †Zv Avbjvg, wKš‧ Avjy †Zv Lyu‡R cvw‪Q bv| ej †`wL Avjy †Kv_vq nq? `vw` ej‡jb, eyw× LvUvI| g~jv †Kv_vq †c‡q‡Qv? ivbv ejj, gvwUi wb‡P| Avi m‡½ m‡½B wgZz Avi ivbv wPrKvi K‡i DVj, ey‡SwQ! AvjyI Z‡e gvwUi wb‡P! Iiv †`․‡o †Mj mewR †L‡Z| `yB nvZ w`‡q gvwU miv‡ZB †ewo‡q coj Avjy! wgZz Avi ivbv Lywk‡Z jvdv‡Z jvMj Avi nvZZvwj w`‡Z jvMj| Kx KvÐ! Avjy nq gvwUi wb‡P, ZvB‡Zv Avgiv GZÿY Avjy Lyu‡R cvBwb| wmwmgcyi cÖKvwkZ Mí Aej¤^‡b

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

N) Awfbq cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì m„RbkxjZv‡K DrmvwnZ Kivi Rb¨ Awfbq Kivi my‡hvM ivLv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K w`‡q cÖ‡Z¨K mßv‡ni †kl e„n¯úwZevi (1 w`b) 20 wgwbU wewfbœ wel‡qi Dci Awfbq Kiv‡eb| †h †Kv‡bv Mí cov †kl n‡q †M‡j †mB M‡íi wewfbœ PwiÎ wb‡q wkïiv `‡j/GKKfv‡e Awfbq Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Avevi wkÿK †h †Kvb welq †hgb: C‡ì w`b, nvU evRvi, †gjv, ¯‥zj, Rb¥w`b, we‡q, moK `yN©Ubv, nvmcvZvj, dvqvi dvBwUs BZ¨vw` wb‡q Awfbq Kiv‡Z cv‡ib| wkLbdj: 5.2.2 Awfbq I A½fw½i gva‡g Qov, KweZv, Mí Dc¯ vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: M‡íi eB I cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx PwiÎ mvRv‡bvi Rb¨ ¯ vbxq DcKiY| Awfbq Kivi Rb¨ wkÿK‡ì hv KiYxq Zv n‡jv • cÖ_‡g wkï‡ì cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx `‡j fvM K‡i w`‡eb| • Awfb‡qi Rb¨ M‡íi eB †_‡K †h †Kvb GKwU Mí A_ev †Kvb _xg ev welq evQvB K‡i wkï‡ì‡K eywS‡q w`‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K welqwU wb‡q wPšÍv Ki‡Z ej‡eb, cÖ‡qvR‡b NUbvUv mnR fvlvq eywS‡q w`‡eb| Kx DcKiY jvM‡e, †h †Kvb Pwi‡Î Awfbq Ki‡e Zv wkï‡ì Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z w`‡eb Ges cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx mnvqZv w`‡eb| • wkï‡ì msjvç‡jv •Zwi Ki‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb| wkïiv wb‡R‡ì fvlvq msjvc ej‡e| msjvc gyL¯Í Kiv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb bvB| • wkï‡ì cÖ¯‧wZi Rb¨ mgq eivÏ Ki‡eb| • Awfb‡qi Rb¨ DcKiY msMÖ‡n wkÿK mnvqZv Ki‡eb| • winv‡m©j ev gnov Kiv‡eb| Z‡e ¯^Ztù~Z© Awfb‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • Gici wkÿK G‡KK `j‡K Awfbq Kivi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡eb| • gy³ Awfbq‡K DrmvwnZ Kiv Ges ch©vqµ‡g P¨v‡jwÄs Kivi Rb¨ Awfb‡qi welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| • wewfbœ ai‡Yi Awfe¨w³ wb‡q gyKvwfb‡qi Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| • meB‡K Drmvn w`‡q KvR †kl Ki‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

O) Pviæ KvR cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì m„RbkxjZv weKv‡ki Rb¨ bvbv ai‡bi Pviæi KvR ivLv n‡q‡Q| Qwe AvuKv me wkïiB cQ‡›ì KvR hvi gva¨‡g wkï Zvi fv‡jv jvMv, cQ›`-AcQ›`, wPšÍv- †PZbv cÖKvk K‡i _v‡K| G‡ÿ‡Î cÖwZwU wkïi Qwe AvuKvi KvR‡K DrmvwnZ Ki‡j wkïi wkL‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ `ÿZviI weKvk wbwðZ n‡e| GRb¨ evwl©K cvV cwiKíbv Abyhvqx ch©vqµ‡g Pviæi KvR¸‡jv Kiv‡eb| wkLbdj: 1.2.1 †cwÝj, mvc©bvi, Zzwj, PK BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e ai‡Z cvi‡e| 1.2.2 †µqb, †cwÝj, Zzwji mvnv‡h¨ AvuK‡Z I is Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.3.1 B‡‪Qg‡Zv AvuwK eywK Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.3.3 B‡‪Qg‡Zv Qwe AvuK‡Z I is Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.3.4 Qwe/wPÎ/e¯‧ I `„k¨ †`‡L AvuK‡Z cvi‡e| 5.1.1 cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi `„k¨cUmn Qwe AvuK‡Z I is Ki‡Z cvi‡e| OÑ1. is †Pbv‡bv DcKiY: wewfbœ i‡Oi KvMR (jvj, bxj, meyR, njy` BZ¨vw`)| c×wZ: • wkÿK wkï‡ì is m¤ú‡K© aviYv w`‡eb| • G‡KKwU K‡i is wb‡eb Ges wkï‡ì‡K wR‡Ám Kiv‡eb GUv Kx is? • Gfv‡e mKj wkï‡K ejvi Ges †`Lvi my‡hvM w`‡eb| • wewfbœ i‡Oi bvg ej‡eb Ges wkï‡ì ej‡eb K¬v‡mi g‡a¨ †mB is wPwýZ Ki‡Z A_ev †mB is Gi wRwbm Qzu‡q Avm‡Z| • wkÿK mKj wkï is wPb‡Z †c‡iQ wK bv Zv †Ljvi gva¨‡g g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| mKj wkï‡K †kÖwYK‡ÿi wfZ‡i nvUvnvwU Ki‡Z ej‡eb| fv‡jvK‡i wkï‡ì eywS‡q w`b †h hLb jvj is †`Lv‡eb, ZLb Zv‡ì _vg‡Z n‡e| Avevi hLb meyR †`Lv‡eb ZLb nvUv ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b njy` †`Lv‡j nvZ DVv‡Z n‡e, bxj †`Lv‡j e‡m †h‡Z n‡e ch©vqµ‡g †Ljvq †hvM K‡i †LjvwU‡K AvKl©Yxq Ki‡Z cv‡ib| • †kÖwYK‡ÿi wZb †KvYvq wZbwU i‡Oi (jvj, meyR, bxj) KvW© †i‡L GKevi wkï‡ì cQ›` Abyhvqx i‡Oi w`‡K †h‡Z ej‡eb| Av‡iKevi hvi Rvgvq †h is †ewk †m Kb©v‡i †h‡Z ej‡eb| †Kvb wkï hw` fzj K‡i Zv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡eb| • wewfbœ i‡Oi KvM‡Ri UzK‡iv GK‡Î wgwk‡q wkï‡ì w`‡q is Abyhvqx †kÖwkKiY Ki‡Z ej‡eb| cieZx©‡Z d¬vm KvW© eënvi K‡i is Abyhvqx †kÖwkKi‡Yi KvR Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

OÑ2. AvuwKeywKi wewfbœ DcKiY cwiwPwZ I eënvi DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj, mvc©bvi, B‡iRvi, †µqb, is, †cwÝj, KvMR BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkï‡ì‡K ∪ AvK…wZ K‡i emv‡eb| • wkÿK DcKiY¸‡jv Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e wkï‡ì mvg‡b Zz‡j ai‡eb Ges cwiwPZ Kiv‡eb| • cÖwZwU DcKiY Gi eënvi K‡i †`Lv‡eb Ges wkï‡ì w`‡q Kiv‡eb| • wkÿK KvM‡R GKwU Qwe AvuK‡eb Ges K‡qKRb wkï‡K w`‡q is Kiv‡eb| • wkï‡ì †W‡K Gfv‡e cÖwZwU DcKiY eënvi Kiv‡eb Ges cÖkœ K‡i Gi eënvi m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb| wkïiv bv ej‡Z cvi‡j wkÿK e‡j wèb| • KvM †k‡l mevB‡K nvZZvwj w`‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| OÑ3. B‡”Qg‡Zv AvuKv DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, PK, †evW©, PK, is‡cwÝj, †cwÝj, Wv÷vi BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkÿK Kv‡Ri c~‡e© DcKiY¸‡jv †RvMvo K‡i ivL‡eb Ges †evW© gy‡Q cwi®‥vi K‡i ivL‡eb| • wkï‡ì nv‡Z PK w`‡eb| • Zv‡ì hv Lywk †ev‡W© AvuK‡Z ej‡eb| • Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g †ev‡W© 2/3 w`b AvuKvAvuwK Kivi ci LvZvq B‡‪Qg‡Zv AvuK‡Z w`‡eb| • wkïi Kv‡Q wM‡q wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zviv Kx Gu‡K‡Q? • cÖwZwU AvuKv‡Z Ges AvuKv wel‡q wkï‡ì cÖkœ K‡i K_v ej‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| OÑ4. AvuKv Qwe is Kiv DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj, KvMR, is †cwÝj BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkÿK cÖwZwU wkï‡K Zv‡ì LvZv ev †Kvb KvM‡R eo AvKv‡i †Kvb Qwe ev AvK…wZ AvuK‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì `‡j ewm‡q is †cwÝj weZiY Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì is Ki‡Z ej‡eb, †Lqvj ivL‡Z ej‡eb, hv‡Z is †iLvw¼Z mxgvbvi evwn‡i P‡j bv hvq| • Gfv‡e wewfbœ AvKvi, AvK…wZ, Qwe wkï‡ì w`‡q is Kiv‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î wkï‡ì cÖPzi Abykxjb Kiv‡Z n‡e| OÑ5. Qwe/wPÎ/e¯‘/`„k¨ †`‡L AvuKv I is Kiv DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj, †µqb, is †cwÝj BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • gRvi GKB KvRwU Kivi Rb¨ wkÿK mevB‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbv‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K K¬v‡mi evB‡i A_ev K¬v‡mi wfZ‡i Kx Kx wRwbm Av‡Q Zv jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

• • • • • •

wkïiv wK‡mi Qwe AvuK‡e Zv cÖ‡K¨K‡K wVK Ki‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡`i LvZv, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj ev †µqb weZiY Ki‡eb| cÖwZwU wkï‡K Gevi †cwÝj w`‡q AvuK‡Z Ges is Ki‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Zvi AvuKvi KvR‡K Dc¯ vcb/eY©bv Kivi my‡hvM w`‡eb| mevB‡K Drmvn w`‡q KvR †kl Ki‡eb| Gfv‡e wewfbœ wRwbm AvuKvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

OÑ6. AwfÁZv/wPšÍv‡K AvuKvi gva¨‡g cÖKvk DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj, †µqb I KvMR| c×wZ: wkÿK wkï‡ì AwfÁZv/wPšÍv‡K AvuKvi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Kivi welq m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡ì LvZv, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj weZiY Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K †PvL eÜ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì †`Lv wewfbœ Qwe/AwfÁZv †PvL eÜ K‡i Kíbv Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • KwíZ Qwe/AwfÁZvwU wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K †cwÝj w`‡q AvuK‡Z ej‡eb| • Gevi is †cwÝj w`‡q Zv‡ì g‡bi g‡Zv is Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì AvuKv wPÎ m¤ú‡K© wewfbœ cÖkœ Ki‡eb Ges wkïi cÖ‡Z¨KwU AvuKvi cÖksmv K‡i KvR †kl Ki‡eb| • Gfv‡e wkï‡ì‡K w`‡q Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| OÑ7. wb‡`©kbv Abymv‡i AvuKv cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì m„Rbkxj `ÿZv e„w×i Rb¨ wKQz wb‡`©kbvg~jK AvuKvi Kv‡Ri eë¯ v ivLv n‡q‡Q| wkïiv B‡‪Qg‡Zv AvuKv, wewfbœ Qwe †`‡L AvuKvi mv‡_ mv‡_ cvZv, m~h©, dj, cZvKv, kvcjv, Nywo, gvQ, Ni, †b․Kv Ges Zv‡ì cQ›`gZ `„k¨ AvuK‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿK GKwU welq wb‡q 2/3 w`b AvuKvi KvR Kiv‡Z cv‡ib| DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj, †µqb I Avgvi eB| c×wZ: • wkÿK cÖ_‡g PK †ev‡W© GKwU mnR wPÎ AvuK‡eb| • wkÿK av‡c av‡c wPÎwU AvuK‡eb †hb wkïiv eyS‡Z cv‡i| • wkï‡ì 2/1 Rb‡K †ev‡W© †W‡K G‡b AvuKv wPÎwUi Dci nvZ Nyiv‡Z ej‡eb| • Gevi wkï‡ì †ev‡W© PK w`‡q wPÎwU AvuK‡Z ej‡eb| • Gici cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K LvZv/‡cwÝj weZiY Ki‡eb| • ch©vqµ‡g cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡ì LvZvq wPÎ AvuK‡Z ej‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

• AvuKv †kl n‡j is Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • wkïi KvM‡R AvuKv wPÎ¸‡jvi wb‡P wkïi bvg wj‡L K¬v‡m cÖ`k©b Ki‡eb Ges †`qv‡j Szwj‡q ivL‡eb| • KvR †k‡l mevB‡K nvZnvwj w`‡q Drmvn w`‡eb| • Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g wkÿK m~h©, Ni, †b․Kv BZ¨vw` wPÎ GKB wbq‡g Kiv‡eb| • Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv 4-8 ch©šÍ †`qv wPÎ¸‡jv Gevi wkï‡`i w`‡q ch©vµ‡g is Kiv‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

P) Kviæ KvR cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì Rb¨ m„RbkxjZv Ges m~² †cwki `ÿZv e„w×i j‡ÿ¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi Kviæ KvR ivLv n‡q‡Q| Kviæ KvR¸‡jv n‡jv: KvMR fuvR Kiv, KvMR KvUv, KvMR †K‡U AvVv jvMv‡bv, †Kvjv‡Ri KvR, wewfbœ mewR †K‡U Qvc •Zwi Kiv, cÖvK…wZK Dcv`vb w`‡q is •Zwi Kiv, KvV w`‡q wewfbœ AvKvi AvK…wZ •Zwi, cvZv, KvMR, gvwU w`‡q wewfbœ wRwbm •Zwi BZ¨vw`| Kviæ KvR Kivi mgq wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K KuvwP eënvi †`wL‡q w`‡eb Ges jÿ ivL‡eb wkïiv †hb †Kv‡bv `yN©Ubv bv NUvq| wkÿK Aek¨B Kviæ Kv‡Ri Av‡M I c‡i mg¯Í DcKiY ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb Ges wkï‡ì Kiv nv‡Zi KvR K¬v‡m mvwR‡q ivL‡eb| wkLbdj: 1.3.1 †PvL I nv‡Zi mgš^q K‡i wewfbœ KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 1.2.4 Kuv`v, gvwU, KvMR, cvZv BZ¨vw` mnRjf¨ DcKiY w`‡q B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljbv •Zwi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 5.1.2 cwi‡e‡ki mnRjf¨ Dcv`vb w`‡q wewfbœ wRwbm •Zwi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| P Ñ 1. KvMR fvR DcKiY: Le‡ii KvMR, †d‡j †Ìqv KvMR wKsev eëüZ †cv÷vi KvMR| c×wZ: • wkÿK K¬vm ïiæi Av‡M Le‡ii KvMR, A_ev eëüZ KvMR msMÖn K‡i ivL‡eb| • msM„nxZ KvMR wkï‡ì gv‡S weZiY Ki‡eb| • Gici wkï‡ì GKBfv‡e KvMRwU fvR Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges jÿ Ki‡eb wkïiv cvi‡Q wK-bv, bv cvi‡j mnvqZv Ki‡eb| • Gfv‡e wkÿK wkï‡ì wewfbœ iKg fvR †kLv‡eb Ges fvR Abyhvqx KvMR wQuo‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì nvZZvwj w`‡q KvR †kl Ki‡eb| P Ñ 2. KvMR KvUv DcKiY: eëüZ KvMR, iwOb KvMR, †QvU KuvwP BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkÿK Av‡M †_‡KB wewfbœ i‡Oi KvMR Ges †QvU KuvwP (wkï Dc‡hvMx- mvg‡bi Ask m~Pv‡jv bq, Kg aviv‡jv) ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb| • wkï‡ì `‡j emv‡eb| • mZK©Zvi mv‡_ Ges wbivc‡` KuvwPi eënvi †kLv‡eb hv‡Z †Kv‡bv `yN©Ubv bv N‡U| • cÖwZwU `‡j KvMR Ges KuvwP w`‡eb| • wkï‡ì B‡‪Qg‡Zv †QvU, eo, gvSvwi wewfbœ AvK…wZ‡Z KvMR KvU‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ K‡i Kv‡Ri mgvwß Uvb‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

P Ñ 3. KvMR †K‡U wewfbœ AvK…wZ evbv‡bv DcKiY: iwOb KvMR, mv`v/eªvDb †ccvi, †QvU KuvwP, Mvg BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkÿK K¬vm ïiæi c~‡e©B wewfbœ i‡Oi KvMR Ges KuvwP ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K 4/5wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K †Mvj, wZb‡KvYv, Pvi‡KvYv AvK…wZ‡Z KvMR KvU‡Z ej‡eb| • jÿ ivL‡eb, wkïiv †hb KuvwP w`‡q †Kvb `yN©Ubv bv NUvq| • KvR †k‡l wkï‡ì‡K KvMR, KuvwP wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q Rgv w`‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ K‡i Kv‡Ri mgvwß Uvb‡eb| P Ñ 4. KvUv KvMR AvVv w`‡q jvMv‡bv DcKiY: iwOb KvMR, Mvg, †QvU KuvwP, mv`v/eªvDb †ccvi BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkÿK K¬vm ïiæi Av‡MB KvMR, AvVv, KuvwP ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K 4/5wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K AvVv, KuvwP, KvMR weZiY Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K KuvwP w`‡q wewfbœ AvKvi, AvK…wZ‡Z KvMR KvU‡Z ej‡eb| • Gici GKwU mv`v KvMR wb‡Z ej‡eb| • KvUv KvM‡Ri Ask¸‡jv‡Z AvVv jvwM‡q mv`v KvM‡R jvMv‡Z ej‡eb| • cÖ‡Z¨K `‡ji KvR¸‡jv Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb Ges jÿ ivL‡eb †hb KvUv KvMR¸‡jv GKwUi Dci Av‡iKwU bv jv‡M| • cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zviv wK ai‡bi KvMR †K‡U‡Q? • wkÿK jÿ ivL‡eb †hb KuvwP w`‡q †Kvb `yN©Ubv bv N‡U| • mevB‡K nvZZvwj w`‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| P Ñ 5. cÖvK…wZK is •Zwi DcKiY: cyuB kv‡Ki wewP, Pzb, KvVv‡ji Mv‡Qi njy` ¸ov, mnRjf¨ DcKiY BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkï‡ì‡K evwo ev Av‡k cv‡ki evMvb/MvQ †_‡K KuvVvj Mv‡Qi Pvgov wb‡Pi njy` ¸ov/cyuB kv‡Ki cuvKv wewP Avb‡Z ej‡eb| • wkÿK GKwU †QvU cv‡Î cyuB kv‡Ki wewP wP‡c im Ki‡eb| • wkÿK njy` ¸ovi mv‡_ Pzb cvwb wgkv‡eb| • wkï‡ì jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

• jÿ¨ ivL‡eb hv‡Z wkïiv Pzb †Pv‡L gy‡L bv †`q Ges nvZ ay‡q wb‡Z ej‡eb| • c‡ii K¬v‡m i‡Oi eënvi Ki‡eb| P Ñ 6. me&wR †K‡U Qvc •Zwi DcKiY: KvgivOv, †Xuom, mv`v KvMR, Zij is (cÖvK…wZK ev †Kbv)| c×wZ: • wkÿK G KvRwU Kivi Av‡Mi w`b 4/5 Rb wkï‡K evwo †_‡K KvgivOv I †Xuom Avb‡Z ej‡eb| • wkÿK wb‡RI Avb‡eb| • wkÿK Av‡M †_‡KB is •Zwi K‡i ivL‡eb| • wkÿK, Kvgiv½v, †Xo‡mi wKQz Ask †K‡U †`Lv‡eb| • Gici KvUv Ask wkï‡ì‡K w`‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K KvUv Ask c~‡e© •Zwi Kiv cÖvK…wZK i‡O Pzwe‡q wb‡Z ej‡eb| • Gici mv`v KvM‡R A‡bK¸‡jv Qvc w`‡Z ej‡eb| • KvR †k‡l ïwK‡q †Mvj K¬v‡m AvVv w`‡q jvwM‡q ev Szwj‡q ivL‡eb| P Ñ 7. KwVi KvR DcKiY: Avgvi eB, wewfbœ AvK…wZi KvwV, KwÂ, mnRjf¨ DcKiY BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkÿK KvwVi KvR Kiv‡bvi c~‡e© wkï‡ì‡K evwo †_‡K mgvb AvKv‡ii †ek wKQz KvwV msMÖn K‡i Avb‡Z ej‡eb| †hgb: cv‡Vi KvwV, euv‡ki KwÂ, AvBmwµ‡gi KvwV| • wkÿK wb‡RI wewfbœ ai‡bi KvwV msMÖn K‡i Avb‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K 4/5 wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| • `‡j 20-30 wU KvwV weZiY Ki‡eb| • Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv b¤î 13-14 †ei K‡i Zv †`‡L wkï‡ì‡K KvwV w`‡q wewfbœ AvKvi AvK…wZ evbv‡Z ej‡eb| • wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i †`‡L cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv mnvqZv w`‡eb| • cieZx©‡Z `‡j wkï‡ì‡K KvwV w`‡q B‡‪Qg‡Zv wewfbœ wRwbm, AvKvi AvK…wZ •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K Zv‡ì Kv‡Ri weeiY w`‡Z ej‡eb| • Ab¨vb¨ `j‡K evwK `j¸‡jvi KvR Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì KvwV¸‡jv ¸wQ‡q wkÿ‡Ki wbKU Rgv w`‡Z ej‡eb| • Gfv‡e Avgvi eB‡qi †`qv bgybv Abyhvqx KvwV w`‡q wewfbœ ai‡bi KvR Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • KvR †k‡l mevB‡K DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

P Ñ 8. cvZvi KvR DcKiY: Avgvi eB, wewfbœ ai‡bi cvZv| c×wZ: • cvZvi KvR Kiv‡bvi c~‡e© wkÿK 4/5 Rb wkï‡K wewfbœ ai‡bi cvZv msMÖn K‡i Avb‡Z ej‡eb| †hgb: bvi‡Kj, Avg, Rvg, mycvwii cvZv, Ab¨vb¨ mnRjf¨ cvZv BZ¨vw`| • wkÿK wb‡RI wewfbœ ai‡bi cvZv Avb‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wb‡R cvZv wb‡eb Ges cvZv w`‡q Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv b¤î 9-12 †`‡L GKUv wKQz evbv‡eb| evbv‡bvi mgq wkï‡ì‡K cÖwZwU avc jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • Gici wkï‡ì‡K cvZv weZiY Ki‡eb| • Avgvi eB‡qi mswkøó cvZv Ly‡j mvg‡b †i‡L wkÿK hv •Zwi K‡i‡Qb Zv wkï‡ì‡KI Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb me wkï mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z cvi‡Q wK bv| • bv cvi‡j wkï‡ì‡K mnvqZv Ki‡eb| • GQvov wkÿK cvZv w`‡q Nwo, Pzwo, cvwU, Pkgv, Kvc BZ¨vw` •Zwi Kiv wkï‡ì †kLv‡eb Ges cÖwZ eviB wkï‡ì Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| • KvR †k‡l mevB‡K nvZZvwj w`‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| P Ñ 9. Kuv`v/gvwUi KvR DcKiY: Kuv`v, gvwU, cvwb, cøvw÷K Mvgjv, Ab¨vb¨ mnRjf¨ DcKiY BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkÿK c~e© †_‡KB gvwU Ges cvwbi Av‡qvRb K‡i ivL‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K 4/5wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K ¯‥z‡ji eviv›`v/gv‡V wb‡q hv‡eb| • gvwU Ges cvwb weZiY Ki‡eb| • Gevi gvwUi mv‡_ cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv cvwb †g‡L gÐ •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • gÐ w`‡q wkï‡ì cQ›` g‡Zv gv‡e©j, Mvwo, †gvevBj, cyZzj BZ¨vw` evbv‡Z ej‡eb| • KvR †k‡m wkï‡ì Kv‡Ri RvqMv cwi®‥vi K‡i mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q cwi®‥vi n‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì Drmvn w`‡eb| • cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv I KvR †MvQv‡bvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì abëv` w`‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì KvR¸‡jv †iv‡` ïwK‡q wb‡eb| • Gici wkï‡ì nv‡Zi KvR¸‡jv Zv‡K/Kb©v‡i cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ msiÿY Ki‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

P Ñ 10. KvMR w`‡q wewfbœ wRwbm •Zwi Kiv DcKiY: KvMR, Mvg, mnRjf¨ DcKiY BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K KvMR weZiY Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wb‡RI GK UzKiv KvMR wb‡eb| • wkÿK Ggbfv‡e ùvov‡eb hv‡Z wkÿ‡Ki nv‡Zi Kv‡Ri cÖ‡Z¨KwU avc wkïiv †`L‡Z cv‡i| • wkÿK †h wRwbm •Zwi Ki‡eb Zvi bvg ej‡eb Ges av‡c av‡c Zvi KvR jÿ¨ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • wkÿK Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í KvM‡Ri fuvR w`‡eb Ges wkï‡ì‡K c~Y©v½ wRwbm bv nIqv ch©šÍ jÿ¨ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • cÖ_‡g mnR KvR w`‡q ïiæ Ki‡eb| • Gevi wkï‡ì‡K KvRwU Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • Ny‡i Ny‡i wkï‡ì KvR ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb| • hv‡ì mnvqZv ìKvi †mLv‡b mnvqZv wèb| • Gfv‡e KvMR w`‡q cvLv, D‡ovRvnvR, PowK, dzj, Uzwc, †b․Kv BZ¨vw` •Zwi Kiv‡eb| • GKwU Kv‡Ri Rb¨ 2/3 w`b mgq e¨q Ki‡Z cv‡ib| P Ñ 11. †Kvjv‡Ri KvR DcKiY: iwOb cvZjv KvMR, Mvg, †QvU KvwP, mv`v KvMR, ivevi, mvc©bvi, eªvDb †ccvi BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkÿK ev wkïiv KvM‡R eo AvKv‡ii wewfbœ Qwe (†hgb: Avg, KuvVvj, †cu‡c, Ni, †b․Kv) AvuK‡e| • AvuKv Qwe Dci wkïiv AvVv jvMv‡e| • wkïiv wewfbœ i‡Oi KvMR †QvU K‡i wQ‡o/†K‡U †b‡e| • AvVv jvMv‡bv Qwei Dci wewfbœ i‡Oi †QvU KvMR Qwo‡q w`‡e| • KvR †k‡l wkï‡ì †KvjvR †`qv‡j cÖ`k©b K‡i ivL‡eb| • wkïiv †QvU Qwe Gu‡K is K‡i, KuvwP w`‡q †K‡U Zvici Qwe¸‡jvi †cQ‡b AvVv jvwM‡q GKwU eo mv`v KvM‡R jvMv‡eb| Gfv‡e `„k¨c‡Ui †KvjvR •Zwi Ki‡eb| wkÿK cy‡iv wel‡q wkï‡ì mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

P Ñ 12. mnRjf¨ e¯‘ w`‡q wewfbœ wRwbm •Zwi DcKiY: wewP, cv_i, Lo, myZv, wSbyK, kvgyK, bvi‡K‡ji gvjv, mycvwii †Lvj, wW‡gi †Nvmv, Zzwj, †cB›U Mvg, mv`v KvMR, mnRjf¨ DcKiY BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

• wkï‡ì‡K evwo †_‡K ev Av‡k cv‡ki cwi‡ek †_‡K wewfbœ ai‡bi wewP, cv_i, Lo, myZv, wSbyK, kvgyK, bvwi‡K‡ji gvjv, mycwii †Lvj, wW‡gi †Lvmv BZ¨vw` Avb‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì 4/5wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K GKwU KvR D`vniY wn‡m‡e †`Lv‡eb| †hgb: wW‡gi †Lvmvi Dci is w`‡q †PvL, bvK, gyL G‡K gyLgÐ‡ji Aeqe •Zwi Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì wkÿ‡Ki KvR jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì KvR †k‡l DcKiY ¸wQ‡q ivL‡Z ej‡eb| • Gev‡e cv_‡i gy‡Li Aeqe •Zwi, Qwe G‡K AvVv Qwo‡q wewP/avb w`‡q Ni I dzj, bvwi‡K‡ji gvjv w`‡q `vwocvjøv Ges wSbyK w`‡q wewfbœ wRwbm •Zwi Kiv‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K KvR †k‡l DcKiY ¸wQ‡q ivL‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • evwo‡Z gv evevi mnvqZvq KvR Kivi Rb¨ wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| P Ñ 13. †d‡j †`qv wRwbm w`‡q †Ljbv evbv‡bv DcKiY: cøvw÷‡Ki †evZj, †evZ‡ji wQwc, cvDWvi ev †¯œv Gi †K․Uv, wUmy¨ †ccvi e·, Jl‡ai e·, Mvg BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: • wkÿK †d‡j †`qv wRwbmcÎ †hgb: †evZj, cvDWv‡ii ev †¯œv Gi †K․Uv, †evZ‡ji wQwc BZ¨vw` msMÖn Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wb‡R wewfbœ wRwbm †hgb †evZj w`‡q SzbSzwb, Mvwo BZ¨vw` evbv‡eb Ges cÖwZwU avc wkï‡ì jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • GKBfv‡e †d‡j †`qv DcKiY w`‡q wkï‡ì wRwbm evbv‡Z ej‡eb| • wkÿ‡Ki AbyKi‡Y wkï‡ì‡K Zv •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i wkï‡ì KvR¸‡jv jÿ Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì ch©vß mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb| • wkÿK KvR †k‡l wkï‡ì DcKiY ¸wQ‡q ivL‡Z ej‡eb| • Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g †d‡j †`qv wRwbm †_‡K SzbSzwb, WzMWzwM, MvwZ •Zwi Kiv‡eb| • wkïiv †hb gv evevi mnvqZvq evwo †_‡K wewfbœ wRwbm evwb‡q wb‡q Av‡m Zv ej‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

fvlvi KvR (†kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb) †kvbv I ejv K‡_vcK_b AwfÁZvi Mí cïcvwLi WvK cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã bvg †_‡K aŸwb aŸwbi PP©v I aŸwb w`‡q kã evbv‡bv kã w`‡q evK¨ •Zwi avivevwnK Mí ejv

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

cÖvK-cVb Qwei Mí cov bvg cov †`‡L cv_©K¨ †ei Kiv eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ I cVb kã cVb cÖZxK cov

cÖvK-wjLb B‡‪Qg‡Zv AvuKv c¨vUvb© AvuKv eY©vsk wjLb eY© wjLb kã wjLb

fvlvi KvR (†kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb) fvlv fv‡ei evnb, †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨g| wkï hLb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q Av‡m ZLb †m B‡Zvg‡a¨ fvlvi †ek wKQz `ÿZv AR©b K‡i Av‡m| †hgb- gvZ…fvlvq †Kv‡bv wKQz ï‡b eyS‡Z cviv I K_v ejvi gva¨‡g Zvi Av‡eM-Abyf~wZ-cÖ‡qvRb cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv| Zvi GB †kvbv I ejvi `ÿZv‡K AviI kw³kvjx Kiv †hgb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi wkÿ‡Ki Ab¨Zg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KvR, †Zgwb eY©gvjvi AvbyôvwbK aviYv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g wkï‡K co‡Z I wjL‡Z †kLvi †g․wjK `ÿZv AR©‡bi †ÿÎ cÖ¯‧Z KivI Zuvi `vwqZ¡| Zvi gv‡b GB bq †h, wkï cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡ZB mvejxjfv‡e co‡Z I wjL‡Z wk‡L hv‡e| eis GB †kÖwY‡Z wkÿ‡Ki KvR n‡e Avb‡›ì mv‡_ A_©c~Y©fv‡e †kvbv-ejv-cov-†jLvi bvbv Kv‡R wkï‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i wkïi fvlv-`ÿZv weKv‡ki cÖv_wgK m~Pbv NUv‡bv| wkï GB `ÿZv¸‡jv hZ fv‡jvfv‡e AR©b Ki‡e, ZZB Zvi Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î mdj nIqvi m¤¢vebv evov‡Z _vK‡e| fvlv-`ÿZv weKv‡ki j‡ÿ¨ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z wkïiv cÖwZw`b fvlv-msµvšÍ bvbviKg Kv‡R AskMÖnY Ki‡e| GRb¨ cÖwZw`b K¬vm iæwU‡b 25 wgwbU mgq eivÏ _vK‡e| GB 25 wgwbU mg‡q wkÿK †kvbv, ejv, cov I †jLvi bvbviKg Kv‡R wkï‡ì m¤ú„³ Ki‡eb| wb‡P GB KvR¸‡jvi cÖwµqv ewY©Z n‡jv| 1. †kvbv I ejv wkïi †kvbv I ejvi `ÿZvi cwic~Y© weKv‡ki Ici wbf©i K‡i cieZx©Kv‡j Zvi cov I †jLvi `ÿZvi weKvk| GRb¨ eQ‡ii ïiæi w`‡K hLb wkïiv we`¨vj‡q Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡i ZLb wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †kvbv I ejvi KvR Ki‡eb| Zvici ax‡i ax‡i Zv‡ì‡K cov I †jLvi Kv‡Ri w`‡K wb‡q hv‡eb| 1.1 K‡_vcK_b wkLbdj: 3.1.10 K‡_vcK_b I `jxq Av‡jvPbvq mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡e| 3.1.2 cÖkœ Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z cvi‡e| 3.1.8 ¯úó I kÖeY‡hvM¨fv‡e K_v ej‡Z cvi‡e| 3.2.2 evK¨ †_‡K kã Avjv`v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.2.3 GKB iKg kã kYv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB| c×wZ: • wkÿK wewfbœ welq wb‡q wkï‡ì K‡_vcK_‡bi my‡hvM K‡i †`‡eb| cÖwZw`b 5 wgwbU wkïiv wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ K‡_vcK_‡bi Ki‡e| • K‡_vcK_‡bi Rb¨ wkÿK wkï‡ì KL‡bv `yBRb `yBRb K‡i RywU K‡i †èb, KL‡bv †QvU `‡j e‡m K‡_vcK_b Ki‡Z ej‡eb| K‡_vcK_‡bi welq wkÿK wbe©vPb K‡i †`‡eb| †hgb- wkïiv wb‡R‡ì cwiPq †`‡e, wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© ej‡e, wb‡Ri cwievi, wcÖq †Ljv, wcÖq eÜz BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© ej‡e| • wkÿK RywU‡Z ev `‡j wM‡q K‡_vcK_‡b AskMÖnY Ki‡eb, K‡_vcK_b mwVKfv‡e cwiPvjbvq mnvqZv Ki‡eb Ges wkïiv mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Q wK bv Zv hvPvB I wbwðZ Ki‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

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1.2 AwfÁZvi Mí wkLbdj: 3.1.6 cwiwPZ e¯‧, Qwe ev `„k¨cU m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e| 3.1.8. ¯úó I kÖeY‡hvM¨fv‡e K_v ej‡Z cvi‡e| 3.1.9 Kvj (AZxZ, eZ©kvb I fwel¨r) Abyhvqx fve cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB c×wZ : • wkï‡ì Pvicv‡k cwiPwZ RMr †_‡K Zv‡ì cwiwPZ wRwb‡mi GKwU ZvwjKv †Ìqv n‡jv| wkÿK GB ZvwjKv †_‡K GKwU welq wbe©vPb Ki‡eb| †hgb-AvR‡Ki welq n‡Z cv‡i ÔNywoÕ| • Zvici ÔNywoÕ wel‡q Drmvnx 3/4 Rb wkÿv_©x‡K Zv‡ì AwfÁZvi Mí ej‡Z ej‡eb| hLb GKRb wkï Zvi Mí ej‡e, ZLb Ab¨viv ïb‡e| wkÿK Mí ejvi mgq cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb I Mí ejv †k‡l nvZZvwj w`‡q Drmvn †`‡eb| • GKwU wkïi AwfÁZvi Mí ejv †k‡l H M‡íi wfwË‡Z wkÿK cÖkœ Ki‡eb I Ab¨ wkïiv MíwU ïb‡Q wKbv Ges ï‡b ey‡Q‡Q wK bv Zv hvPvB Ki‡eb|

welq ZvwjKv Nywo cyKzi dzj nvZcvLv Mvwo wiKmv †Uªb gv/evev dzUej QvMj • •

m‡›`k/evZvmv †gjv C`/c~Rv bZzb Rvgv jvwUg cyZzj b`x gvgv wcÖq eÜz weovj

e„wó †b․Kv †Ljbv dwos cÖRvcwZ bvMi‡`vjv Puv` bvbv/`v`v/bvwb/`vw` Avgvi ¯‥zj KzKzi

†`vjbv nuvwo-cvwZj dj nvIqvB-wgVvB AvBmwKªg PK‡jU fvB‡evb cvwL Avgv‡`i evwo gvQ

jÿYxq †h GwU GKwU bgybv ZvwjKv gvÎ, ZvwjKvi me¸‡jv welq wb‡q AwfÁZvi Mí ejvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| ZvwjKvi evB‡iI mgq I ¯ vbxqfv‡e cÖvmw½K welh wkÿK wbe©vPb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb- kxZKv‡j wcVvcywj, MÖx®§Kv‡j Avg-KuvVvj-wjPz, MÖvgxY cwi‡e‡k avb gvovB ev gvQ aiv, kû‡i cwi‡e‡k wkï cvK© ev KvU©yb Qwe, cvnvwo GjvKvq SY©v BZ¨vw`|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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1.3 cïcvwLi WvK wkLbdj: 3.2.1 cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.1.4 †`‡L ev ï‡b †Kv‡bv wKQz kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.1.8 ¯úó I kÖeY‡hvM¨fv‡e K_v ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB c×wZ: • cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã m¤ú‡K© wkï‡ì m‡PZb K‡i Zzj‡Z Zv‡ì cwiwPZ wewfbœ cï-cvwL Kxfv‡e Wv‡K Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| • Gevi wkï‡ì Mjvi ¯î cwieZ©b K‡i wewfbœ cï-cvwLi WvK WvK‡Z ej‡eb, †hgb- Miæ, QvMj, †fov, †Nvov, evN, weovj, KzKzi, †KvwKj, KvK, †gviM, wUKwUwK BZ¨vwì WvK| cÖwZw`b `yBwU K‡i cÖvYxi WvK PP©v Kiv‡eb| WvK PP©v Kiv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î ¯^‡ii IVvbvgv, †Rv‡i I Av‡¯Í BZ¨vw` bvbvfv‡e WvK PP©v Kiv‡eb| cÖ_‡g mKj wkï wg‡j WvK‡Z cv‡i, cieZ©x‡Z `‡j Ges GKKfv‡eI Zv‡ì Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| • D‡ëvfv‡e †Kv‡bv GKwU WvK w`‡q †mwU †Kvb cÖvYxi Zv wkï‡ì kbv³ Ki‡Z ejyb| Gfv‡e wkïiv ax‡i ax‡i aŸwb m‡PZb n‡q DV‡e| 1.4 cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã wkLbdj: 1.3.6. kã ï‡b Gi Drm wPb‡Z cvi‡e| 3.2.1 cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.1.4. †`‡L ev ï‡b †Kv‡bv wKQz kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB c×wZ : • wewfbœ ai‡bi cï-cvwLi Wv‡Ki g‡Zv cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã wb‡qI GKB iKg †Ljv wkÿK wkï‡ì mv‡_ †Lj‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb- QzwUi NÈv, Nwoi KuvUvi kã, cvwbi kã, †g‡Ni WvK, †ijMvwoi kã, e„wói kã, evZv‡mi kã BZ¨vw`| • Gme wRwb‡mi kã †Kgb Zv wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb| wkïiv G¸‡jv D‪PviY K‡i †kvbv‡e| Gfv‡e Zv‡ì g‡a¨ aŸwb m‡PZbZv M‡o DV‡e| • Avevi D‡ëvfv‡e wewfbœ kã K‡i kã¸‡jvi Drm Kx Zv Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| †hgb- SbSb, wUswUs, KzwSK-wSK BZ¨vw`| 1.5 bvg †_‡K aŸwb wkLbdj: 3.2.5 kã †_‡K aŸwb Avjv`v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.2.6 GKB iKg aŸwb kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.2.7 GKB iKg aŸwb eënvi K‡i wfbœ wfbœ kã •_wi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| wkÿK mnvwqKv

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DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB c×wZ : • bvg †_‡K aŸwb kbv³ Kivi †Ljvq wkÿK cÖ_‡g wb‡Ri bvg e‡j bvgwU †Kvb aŸwb w`‡q ïiæ n‡q‡Q Zv wkï‡ì ej‡eb| • Gici mevB‡K Zv‡ì bvg e‡j †Kvb aŸwb w`‡q Zv‡ì bvg ïiæ n‡q‡Q Zv ej‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK mevi bv‡gi aŸwb ïb‡e| eyj n‡j ïa‡i w`‡eb| • Gici wkï‡ì Kvi Kvi bvg GKB aŸwb w`‡q ïiæ n‡q‡Q Zv Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb| †hgbÔwjwcÕ I ÔwjgbÕ ïiæ n‡q‡Q wj w`‡q| Gfv‡e wKQzÿY †LjvwU †Lj‡eb| • Gevi wkÿK wb‡Ri bv‡gi aŸwb w`‡q Avi Kx Kx kã nq Zvi 2/1wU D`vniY w`‡eb| Abyi~cfv‡e wkï‡ì‡KI Zv‡ì bv‡gi cÖ_g aŸwb w`‡q bZzb kã ej‡Z ej‡eb| 1.6 aŸwbi PP©v aŸwb w`‡q kã evbv‡bv wkLbdj: 3.2.6. GKB iKg aŸwb kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.2.7. GKB iKg aŸwb eënvi K‡i wfbœ wfbœ kã •Zwi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB c×wZ : • evsjv eY©gvjvi aŸwb¸‡jvi mv‡_ wkÿK wkï‡ì cwiPq Kiv‡eb| GRb¨ wkÿK wb‡R †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU aŸwb D‪PviY Ki‡eb| †hgb-K&| aŸwbwU wkï‡ì w`‡qI K‡qKevi D‪PviY Kiv‡eb| • GB aŸwb w`‡q Kx Kx kã nq Zv wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K ïb‡eb| †hgb- Kjv, Kjg, Kjm BZ¨vw`| cÖ‡qvR‡b wb‡R K‡qKwU D`vniY w`‡q eywS‡q w`‡eb| wkïiv hLb kã ej‡e ZLb Zviv k‡ãi †k‡l K-hy³ kã ej‡Z cv‡i (eK), K Gi mv‡_ Ab¨ ¯îaŸwb wgwj‡q ej‡Z cv‡i (KvK, wKbviv)| G¸‡jvI K-aŸwbhy³ kã| Gfv‡e aŸwb I aŸwb w`‡q kã evbv‡bv PvP©v Kiv‡eb| • wkÿK cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv eY©gvjvi wewfbœ aŸwb w`‡q GB KvRwU Kiv‡eb| me aŸwb wb‡q KvRwU Kivi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h wkïiv G mgq eY©gvjv m¤ú‡K© wKQzB Rvb‡e bv| wkÿK ïaygvÎ aŸwb wb‡q KvR Ki‡eb| eY© ev eY©gvjv m¤úwK©Z †Kvb Av‡jvPbvq hv‡eb bv| 1.7 kã w`‡q evK¨ •Zwi wkLbdj: 3.2.4. GKB iKg kã eënvi K‡i wewfbœ evK¨ •Zwi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.1.11. bZzb cwiwPZ kã w`‡q evK¨ ej‡Z cvi‡e| 6.1.1 Pvicv‡ki Pvicv‡ki wewfbœ Dcv`vb (†hgb: dzj, dj, gvQ, cvwL, cï, m~h©, Puv`, MvQ, hvbevnb, gvwU, cvwb BZ¨vw`) wPb‡Z I bvg ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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c×wZ : • wkï‡ì cwiwPZ wewfbœ mnR kã w`‡q gy‡L gy‡L evK¨ •Zwi PP©v Kiv‡eb| †hgb- Avg, eB, cvwb, ej, Miæ, gvQ Ni, †b․Kv, cvwL, dzj BZ¨vw`| • GRb¨ cÖ_‡g kãwU ¯úó K‡i D‪PviY Ki‡eb¨| †hgb- Avg| mv‡_ mv‡_ wkï‡ìI kãwU D‪PviY Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • Gevi kãwU eënvi K‡i wkÿK Ggb wKQz K_v wkï‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡eb| †hLv‡b cÖwZwU ev‡K¨ Avg kãwU _v‡K| †hgb- Avg †L‡Z Lye gRv| Avg mvaviYZ MigKv‡j cvIqv hvq| Avgv‡ì evwo‡Z bvbv ai‡bi Avg MvQ Av‡Q| Gme Mv‡Q bvbv iKg Avg nq, †hgb- †jsov Avg, dRwj Avg, wngmvMi BZ¨vw`| • Gevi wkï‡ì‡K Avg wb‡q K_v ej‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • Gevi wkÿK Avg wb‡q GKwU evK¨ ej‡eb| Gici wkï‡ì‡KI Avg w`‡q GKwU K‡i evK¨ ej‡Z ej‡eb| fzj n‡j ïa‡i w`‡eb, cÖ‡qvR‡b evK¨ •Zwi‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb| 1.8 avivevwnK Mí ejv wkLbdj: 3.1.12.Am¤ú~Y© Mí wb‡R m¤ú~Y© K‡i ej‡Z cvi‡e| 5.2.1. `‡j avivevwnK Mí •Zwi Ki‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB c×wZ : • wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb| mevB‡K ej‡eb, ÔAvgiv mevB wg‡j AvR GKwU Mí •Zwi Kie| cÖ_‡g Avwg Mí ejv ïiæ Kie| Zvici †h RvqMvq Avwg †_‡g hve, †mLvb †_‡K Avgvi c‡ii Rb ïiæ Ki‡e| Gfv‡e GK G‡K mevB wg‡j MíwU Pvwj‡q hv‡e|Õ • Gevi wkÿK gRv K‡i GKwU Mëc ejv ïiæ Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î MíwU wkÿK wb‡RB •_wi K‡i ej‡Z cv‡ib ev Zvi Rvbv †Kvb Mí ej‡Z cv‡ib| (†hgb- GKwU †Wvevi cv‡k _vK‡Zv GKwU e¨vO| Zvi wQj GKwU Qvbv| Qvbvi bvg †e›`y| gv Avi Qvbv `yR‡b wg‡j mvivw`b Wv‡K- N¨vOi N¨vOi N¨vO [wkï‡ì‡K mv‡_ wb‡q ej‡eb N¨vOi N¨vOi N¨vO...]| nVvr GKw`b †e›`y †Mj nvwi‡q|... • Gevi wkï‡ì G‡K G‡K MíwU Pvwj‡q †h‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq Drmvn w`‡eb| KviI ej‡Z Amyweav n‡j mnvqZv Ki‡eb| MíwU †Kv_vI †_‡g †M‡j wkÿK wb‡R †PB‡b AskMÖnY K‡i MíwU‡Z bZzb †gvo ev AvKl©Y †hvM Ki‡eb| Gfv‡e wkïiv hZÿY Avb›` cvq ZZÿY ch©šÍ wkÿK KvRwU Ki‡eb|

2. cov covi `ÿZv Ggb GKwU †g․wjK `ÿZv hv eënvi K‡i wkïiv we`¨vj‡q mKj wel‡qi wkLb-wkÿY cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB `ÿZvwU mdjfv‡e AR©b Kivi †cQ‡b Zvi cieZ©x wkÿv Rxe‡bi mvdj¨ A‡bKvs‡kB wb©fi K‡i| Z‡e cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi wkï‡ì Rb¨ covi KvRwU n‡Z n‡e Avb›``vqK, fxwZnxb Ges G‡Kev‡iB eq‡mvc‡hvMx| †mRb¨ gRvi gRvi M‡íi eB wkï‡ì ai‡Z, †b‡o‡P‡o †`L‡Z I co‡Z w`‡Z n‡e| Avi AvbyôvwbKfv‡e eY©gvjvi mv‡_ cwiP‡qi KvRwU GB †kÖwY‡Z ïiæ n‡jI Zv n‡e A‡bK¸‡jv wkï-evÜe Kv‡Ri †fZi w`‡q, †h¸‡jv‡K cÖvK-cVb KvR ejv nq| cÖvK-cVb KvR wn‡m‡e wkÿK wb‡Pi KvR¸‡iv Ki‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

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2.1 Qwei Mí cov Qwei Mí covi Kv‡Ri g~j jÿ¨ n‡jv wkï‡ì‡K GKwU Qwe fv‡jvfv‡e ch©‡eÿY Kiv I Qwei †fZ‡ii wewfbœ Dcv`vb/Ask kbv³ Kivi `ÿZv AR©Y Kiv‡bv| GRb¨ Avgvi eB‡qi 15 †_‡K 24 c„ôvq wKQz Qwe †Ìqv Av‡Q| cÖ_‡g GKK Qwe, Zvici ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³ GKvwaK Qwe i‡q‡Q| GKK Qwe covi ci wkïiæ GKvwaK ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³ Qwe covi KvR Ki‡e| wkLbdj: 3.2.11. Qwe/wPÎwfwËK avivevwnK Kvwnwb ev Mí ej‡Z (co‡Z) cvi‡e|r 3.1.6 cwiwPZ e¯‧, Qwe ev `„k¨cU m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: Avgvi eB c×wZ : • wkÿK cÖ_‡g wkï‡ì 4wU †QvU `‡j em‡Z ej‡eb| • Zvici Avgvi eB‡qi wbw`©ó c„ôv (c„ôv 16-17) Lyj‡Z ej‡eb| QwewU/Qwe¸‡jv fv‡jvfv‡e †`L‡Z ej‡eb I Qwe‡Z Kx Kx Av‡Q Zv wb‡q `‡j Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e wkïi gv‡S Qwe covi/†evSvi `ÿZv •Zwi n‡e| • Qwe‡Z M‡íi †ÿ‡Î (c„ôv 18-20 I 21-24) wkïiv Qwe †`‡L NUbv ci¤úiv †evSvi †Póv Ki‡e Ges Qwe¸‡jv w`‡q GKwU Mí •Zwi Kivi †Póv Ki‡e| Mí¸‡jv n‡jv-nuvm I gyiwM Ges Bu`yi Qvbvi †jR| • Gici wkÿK wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K MíwU ïb‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb| A‡bK mgq wkïiv MíwU g~j M‡íi †_‡K wfbœfv‡eI ej‡Z cv‡i| wkÿK GB wfbœZv‡K euvavMÖ¯Í bv K‡i eis DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| 2.2 bvg cov wkLbdj: 3.2.13. wb‡Ri †jLv bvg wPb‡Z cvi‡e| 3.3.5 wb‡Ri bvg †`‡L wjL‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: mv`v KvMR I Kjg| c×wZ : • bvg KvW© evbv‡bvi Rb¨ wkÿK GKwU c„ôv‡K 4 fvM K‡i wQu‡o cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K KvW© evwb‡q wb‡eb| KvW©¸‡jv‡Z GKwU K‡i wkïi bvg wj‡L cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi bvg KvW© •Zwi Ki‡eb| • ciw`b †kÖwY‡Z G‡m GK GK K‡i wkï‡K bvg a‡i mvg‡b WvK‡eb, Zvi bv‡gi KvW©wU †ev‡W© a‡i bvgwU ¯úó K‡i ax‡i ax‡i Av½yj wb‡`©k K‡i c‡o †kvbv‡eb (k-ix-dv) Ges Zvici Zvi bv‡gi KvW©wU Zv‡K †`‡eb| • me wkï‡K Zv‡ì bvg KvW© †Ìqvi ci ej‡eb, Ô†Zvgiv mevB fv‡jv K‡i hvi hvi bv‡gi KvW©wU †`L Ges bvgwU †`‡L †`‡L wbR wbR LvZvq †jLvi PP©v Ki|Õ Gfv‡e wKQzw`b wkïiv wbR wbR bvg †jLvi PP©v Ki‡e| wkÿK cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb| jÿYxq †h, wkïiv Zv‡ì bvgwU G‡ÿ‡Î Qwe wn‡m‡e †`L‡e I AuvK‡e, †Kbbv meai‡bi eY© I KviwP‡ýi mv‡_ GL‡bv Zviv cwiwPZ bq| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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wKQzw`b ci wkÿK mK‡ji bv‡gi KvW© GKmv‡_ K‡i †Uwe‡j wewQ‡q ivL‡eb Ges GKRb GKRb K‡i wkï‡K Zvi bv‡gi KvW©wU †e‡Q wb‡Z ej‡eb| bv cvi‡j mnvqZv Ki‡eb| Gfv‡e ax‡i ax‡i wkïiv Zv‡`i bvg wPb‡Z wkL‡e|

2.3 †`‡L cv_©K¨ †ei Kiv evsjv eY©gvjvi wKQz wKQz e‡Y©i AvKvi-AvK…wZi cv_©K¨ LyeB m~²| †hgb- e I i| eY© †kLvi Av‡M GB ai‡bi cv_©K¨¸‡jv wkï‡ì eyS‡Z n‡e| GB w`K we‡ePbv K‡i †`L‡Z cÖvq GKB iKg Qwe, eY© I k‡ãi cv_©K¨ †ei Kivi wKQz KvR Avgvi eB‡q ivLv n‡q‡Q| (c„ôv 26-28) wkLbdj: 3.2.8. aŸwbi cÖZxK (eY©) kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.2.9. kã †_‡K eY© kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: Avgvi eB c×wZ : • KvRwU Kivi †ÿ‡Î cÖ_‡g GKB ai‡bi wKQz Qwe ev wPý wkÿK †ev‡W© wjL‡eb| †hgb ≠ = ≠ wkï‡ì fv‡jvfv‡e †`L‡Z ej‡eb| • Gevi wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb- me¸‡jv Qwe/wPý GKB iKg wK bv? †Kv‡bv wkï bv-†evaK DËi w`‡j Zv‡K Ab¨ iKgwU Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Avjv`v †`L‡Z QwewU/wPýwU †Kb Avjv`v wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| wkïiv Avjv`v †`L‡Z †jLvwU Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j Zv‡ì‡K wewfbœ ms‡KZ w`‡q wkÿK mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb| • Gici Avgvi eB‡qi 26 I 27 c„ôvq KvRwU wkï‡ì Ki‡Z w`‡eb| cÖ_‡g GKB iKg †`L‡Z Qwe †_‡K †KvbwU Avjv`v Zv Ly‡R †ei Ki‡e| c‡i Qwei wgj-Awgj †ei Kivi KvR Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • me‡k‡l Avgvi eB‡qi 28 c„ôvi wgj-Awgj †ei Kivi KvR Kiv‡eb| (GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ wkïiv eY© I k‡ãi Awgj LuyR‡Z wM‡q G¸‡jv‡K Qwe wn‡m‡e †`L‡e eY© ev kã wn‡m‡e bq| ZvB wkÿKI wK †jLv Av‡Q Zv bv e‡j ïay Awgj †LvRvq g‡bv‡hvMx n‡eb)| 2.4 eY©gvj cwiwPwZ I cVb evsjv eY©gvjvi mv‡_ wkï‡ì cwiPq Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ `ywU PvU© i‡q‡Q- ¯îe‡Y©i PvU© I e¨Äbe‡Y©i PvU©| GQvov Avgvi eB Ges eY© Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g wkï‡ì e‡Y©i mv‡_ cwiPq Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ wewfbœ KvR i‡q‡Q| wkLbdj: 3.2.8. aŸwbi cÖZxK (eY©) kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3.2.9. kã †_‡K eY© kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 6.1.1. Pvicv‡ki cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ Dcv`vb (†hgb: dzj, dj, gvQ, cvwL, cï, m~h©, Puv`, MvQ, hvbevnb, gvwU, cvwb BZ¨vw`) wPb‡Z I bvg ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: ¯îe‡Y©i PvU©, e¨Äbe‡Y©i PvU©, Avgvi eB, eY© KvW©| wkÿK mnvwqKv

106

c×wZ : •

cÖ_‡g PvU©wU wkÿK †`qv‡j Ggbfv‡e Szjv‡eb hv‡Z mLj wkï fv‡jvfv‡e †`L‡Z cvq|

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PvU© †_‡K wkÿK cÖwZw`b 2wU K‡i eY© cov‡eb| †h `ywU eY© cov‡eb †mB e‡Y©i Qwe `ywU wb‡q cÖ_‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e| †hgb- ÔAÕ Gi Rb¨ ARMi I ÔAvÕ Gi Rb¨ Av‡gi Qwe|

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Gevi Qwe 2wUi wb‡P †jLv QovwU wb‡R GKevi c‡o †kvbv‡e, Zvici wkï‡`i wb‡q GKmv‡_ `yBwZbevi co‡eb| †hgb-AMRi H Avm‡Q †Z‡o, AvgwU Avwg Lve †c‡o|

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Gici ÔARMi H Avm‡Q †Z‡oÕ evK¨ †_‡K ÔARMiÕ kãwU wb‡`©k K‡i †`Lv‡eb| Zvici ej‡eb ÔARMiÕ ej‡Z ïiæ‡Z ÔAÕ aŸwbi ìKvi nq| GLv‡b wkÿK aŸwbi Kv‡Ri K_v wkï‡ì g‡b Kiv‡Z cv‡ib| Gev‡i ÔAÕ aŸwbwUi Qwe wn‡m‡e ÔAÕ †K wkï‡ì gv‡S Dc¯ vcb Ki‡eb| GKBfv‡e ÔAvÕ e‡Y©i KvR Ki‡eb|

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Pv‡U©i gva¨‡g Abykxj‡bi ci wkï‡ì Avgvi eB‡qi 30-75 c„ôv eënv‡ii gva¨‡g GKwU K‡i eY© ch©vqµ‡g PP©v Kiv‡eb| G‡ÿ‡ÎI wkÿK cÖ_‡g e‡Y©i wb‡Pi Qwe Abyhvqx †jLv kãwU wkï‡ì D‡Ïk¨ K‡i ej‡eb I mv‡_ wb‡q co‡eb| Gi ci eY© wb‡`©k K‡i co‡eb I wkï‡ì co‡Z ej‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î e©YwU wkï‡ì fvjfv‡e †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨ GLv‡b eY© KvW© I eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

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GQvov Avgvi eB‡q eY© cVb QvovI Qwe I kã wgjv‡bv, eY© I kã wgjv‡bv, LvwjNi c~iY BZ¨vw` bvbv ai‡bi KvR i‡q‡Q| GB KvR¸‡jv Avgvi eB‡q †`Iqv wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx Kiv‡eb|

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K‡qKwU K‡i eY© cwiwPZ Kivi ci Avgvi eB‡q K‡qKwU eY© GKmv‡_ (Qwe I kã Qvov ïay eY©) Ges †k‡l cy‡iv eY©gvjv (¯^ieY© I e¨ÄbeY©) GKmv‡_ †`Iqv Av‡Q| hLY wkïiv K‡qKwU K‡i eY© wP‡b hv‡e, ZLb Qwe I kã QvovB ïay eY©¸‡jv co‡e|

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me ¯îeY© cov‡bv †k‡l Avgvi eB‡q ¯îe‡Y©i gRvi QovwU wkï‡ì cov‡eb| e¨Äbe‡Y©i Rb¨ I GKwU gRvi Qov Av‡Q|

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eB‡qi KvR †k‡l PvU© I eY© Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g wkïiv cov‡bv eY©¸‡jv wP‡b/ co‡Z cv‡i wK bv Zv hvPvB Ki‡eb| †hgb- PvU© †_‡K †Kv‡bv eY© co‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib, †Kv‡bv GKwU eY© KvW© †`wL‡q eY©wU co‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib, wKQz eY© KvW© G‡jv‡g‡jv K‡i w`‡q mvRv‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib, M‡íi eB ev Ab¨ †Kvb eB-cwÎKv †_‡K cwiwPZ eY© Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib|

2.5 kã cVb wkLbdj: 3.2.10. aŸwbi cÖZxK (eY©) kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: Avgvi eB

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

107

c×wZ : •

Avgvi eB‡qi 76-77 c„ôvq KZ¸‡jv kã †`Iqv Av‡Q| wkÿK H wbw`©ó cvVwU Lyj‡eb Ges wkgy‡`iI H cvZvwU Lyj‡Z ej‡eb|

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Zvici Qwe †`wL‡q Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb GKwU wK‡mi Qwe| ej‡Z bv cvi‡j wkÿK mnvqZv Ki‡eb| wkÿ‡Ki mv‡_ mKj wkï 2/3 evi H Qwei bvg ej‡e| †hgb- ej, ej, ej|

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wkÿK Gevi ÔejÕ kãwUi eY© wb‡`©k K‡i Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb eY©¸‡jv Kx| Zvici evbvb K‡i co‡eb| †hgb- e+j = ej| wkïivI mv‡_ mv‡_ co‡e|

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Zvici wkïiv wKQzÿY GKv GKv wb‡R co‡e| cov †kl n‡j wkïiv ï×fv‡e co‡Z cv‡i wK bv Zv wkÿK hvPvB Ki‡eb| GKBfv‡e eB‡Z Ab¨vb¨ †h mKj kã †`Iqv Av‡Q †m¸‡jvI cov‡eb|

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Gici eY© KvW©¸‡jv wkï‡`i w`‡eb| eY©KvW©¸‡jv w`‡q kãwU wkï‡`i evbv‡Z ej‡eb|

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GQvovI eY© KvW©¸‡jv w`‡q wkï‡`i bZzb mnR kã (Kvi wPýwenxb) evbv‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib| †hgbeb, Kg, me, Ue, Kj, Rj, bj, Kjm, big, Mig, eo, Ni, eiB, gb, KZ, hZ, gZ BZ¨vw`| kã evbv‡bvi ci kãwU wkï‡`i c‡o †kvbv‡Z ej‡eb|

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Avgvi eB‡q 78 †_‡K 81 c„ôvq †h Abykxjb¸‡jv Av‡Q Zv Kiv‡eb|

2.6 cÖZxK cov eY© cwiwPwZi cvkvcvw_ wkï‡`i‡K wKQz cÖZxK wP‡ýi mv‡_I cwiPq Kiv‡Z n‡e, †hgb- Zxi wPý, †Reªv µwms/iv¯Ív cvivcvi, UªvwdK wmMb¨vj, wec¾bK wPý, mvg‡b nvmcvZvj, mvg‡b ¯‥zj BZ¨vw`| GB cÖZxK wPý¸‡jvi A_© Kx Zv wb‡Pi ZvwjKvq †`Iqv Av‡Q| wkLbdj: 3.2.14 wewfbœ ms‡KZ/ cÖZxK wPb‡Z/ co‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: mv`v KvMR, Kjg ev is †cwÝj, d¬vm KvW©, Avgvi eB| c×wZ: •

wkÿK cÖ_‡g mv`v KvM‡R Kjg w`‡q GB cÖZxK wPý¸‡jv Gu‡K cÖZxK wP‡ýi KvW© •Zwi K‡i wb‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î d¬vm Kv‡W©i cÖZxK wPý I e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

108

cÖZxK wPý

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Kx Ki‡Z n‡e

Zxi wPý w`K wb‡`©k K‡i| Gi bvg †Reªv µwms| GLvb w`‡q iv¯Ív cvivcvi Ki‡Z nq| iv¯Ívq Mvwo PjvPj wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z UªvwdK wmMb¨v‡ji cÖ‡qvRb c‡o| UªvwdK wmMb¨v‡j wZb i‡Oi evwZ _v‡K| jvj evwZ R¡j‡j me Mvwo †_‡g hv‡e, njy` evwZ R¡j‡j Mvwo Pjvi Rb¨ cÖ¯‧Z n‡e, meyR evwZ R¡j‡j Mvwo Pj‡Z ïiæ Ki‡e| GB wPý hLb †Kv‡bv wKQz‡Z †`Iqv _v‡K Zvi gv‡b n‡jv wRwbmwU wec¾bK Ges GwU †_‡K `~‡i _vK‡Z n‡e| GwU ai‡j wce` n‡Z cv‡i| GB wP‡ýi A_© n‡jv mvg‡b nvmcvZvj

GB wP‡ýi A_© n‡jv mvg‡b ¯‥zj|

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wec¾bK wPýhy³ †Kv‡bv wRwbm †`L‡j Zvi †_‡K `~‡i _vK‡Z n‡e|

nvmcvZv‡j †h‡nZz Amy¯  †ivMxiv _v‡Kb, ZvB †hLv‡b GB wPý _vK‡e †mLv‡b Mvwoi nb© evRv‡bv ev †Kvjvnj Kiv DwPZ bq| ¯‥z‡j †h‡nZz †QvU †QvU wkïiv Av‡m, ZvB †hLv‡b GB wPý _vK‡e †mLv‡b Mvwoi nb© evRv‡bv ev †Kvjvnj Kiv DwPZ bq| GLv‡b MvwoI ax‡i ax‡i Pvjv‡Z n‡e|

Gici GKwU cÖZxK wb‡q GKw`b wkÿK wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cÖ_‡g cÖZxK KvW©wU wkï‡ì‡K †`Lv‡eb, Zvici GB cÖZxKwUi A_© Kx Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| Gici cÖZxKwU †Kv_vI †`L‡j Kx Ki‡Z n‡e Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| Gici f~wgKvwfb‡qi gva¨‡g cÖZx‡Ki eënvi wkïiv eyS‡jv wK bv Zv hvPvB Ki‡eb| †hgb- UªvwdK wmMb¨v‡ji †ÿ‡Î wkïiv Mvwo n‡q Pj‡Z _vK‡e Ges wkÿK jvj evwZ †`Lv‡j wkïiv †_‡g hv‡e, njy` evwZ †`Lv‡j Pjvi Rb¨ cÖ¯‧Z n‡e, meyR evwZ †`Lv‡j Pj‡Z ïiæ Ki‡e| Gfv‡e GKvwaK wPý cwiPq Kiv‡bvi ci f~wgKvwfb‡q welq¸‡jv wkÿK AšÍf~©³ Ki‡Z _vK‡eb| †hgb- wKQz wkï‡K Mvwo Pvjv‡bvi Awfbq Ki‡Z ej‡eb, wKQz wkï‡K c_Pvix n‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi wkÿK GKwU ZxiwPý Mvwo ev c_Pvix‡ì †`Lv‡eb| Mvwo ev c_Pvixiv †mw`‡K Pj‡Z _vK‡e|

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109

jvj evwZ/meyR evwZ †`Lv‡j Zviv wbqk Abyhvqx _vg‡e ev Pj‡e| †Reªv µwms †`L‡j c_Pvixiv †mLvb w`‡q iv¯Ív cvi n‡e| mvg‡b ¯‥zj ev mvg‡b nvmcvZvj wPý †`L‡j Mvwo ax‡i ax‡i hv‡e, nb© evRv‡e bv; c_Pvixiv †Kvjvnj Ki‡e bv BZ¨vw`| 3. †jLv covi g‡Zv †jLvi `ÿZvI GKwU †g․wjK `ÿZv hv e¨envi K‡i wkïiv we`¨vj‡q mKj wel‡qi wkLb- wkÿY cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡e| †jKvi gva¨‡gB wkï cieZ©x‡Z Zvi wPšÍv-†PZbv I wkLb‡K cÖKvk Ki‡e| ZvB GB `ÿZvwU fv‡jvfv‡e AR©b Kiv AZ¨šÍ Riæwi| Z‡e cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q †jLvi KvRwU ïiæ n‡e B‡‪Qg‡Zv AuvKv, wnwRwewR A7vKv w`‡q| Zvici ax‡i ax‡i c¨vUvb© I eY©vsk AuvKvi ga¨ w`‡q wkïiv me©‡k‡l eY© †jLvi KvR Ki‡e| mwVK Ges my× AvKv‡i eY© †jLv †hgb wkïiv wkL‡e, †Zgwb wkïiv GI Rvb‡e †h †jLvi (cÖv_wgKfv‡e AuvKvi) KvRwU g~j_ Kiv nq †Kvb wPšÍv ev fve‡K cÖKvk Kiv I Ab¨‡`i mv‡_ Zv †hvMv‡hvM Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨| ZvB †h‡Kvb †jLvi KvR wkïi Rb¨ n‡Z n‡e Avb›``vqK I A_©c~Y©| wkÿKI `yB w`‡KB mgvb ¸iæZ¡ w`‡eb-mwVKfv‡e wjL‡Z cvivi Rb¨ wkïi m~² †cwki weKvk NUv‡bv, Gi cvkvcvwk A_©c~Y© †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ wkïiv wPšÍb `ÿZvi weKvk NUv‡bv| 3.1 B‡”Qg‡Zv AuvKv wkLbdj: 3.3.1 B‡‪Qg‡Zv AuvwKeywK Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 1.2.1 †cwÝj mvc©bvi, ivevi, Zzwj, PK BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e ai‡Z cvi‡e| 3.3.3 B‡‪Qg‡Zv Qwe AuvK‡Z I is Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: KvMR/LvZv, †cwÝj, †µqb, G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv| c×wZ: •

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wkÿK wkï‡ì G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv I †cwÝj w`‡eb| wkïiv G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvi 1-14 c„ôvq B‡‪Qg‡Zv Qwe AuvK‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿK †Lqvj ivL‡eb hv‡Z wkïiv ¯^vaxbfv‡e bZzb bZzb AuvKvi welq wbe©vPb Ki‡Z cv‡i, LvZvi cvZv e‡i A7v‡K Ges wVqKfv‡e †cwÝj ai‡Z cv‡i| G cÖwµqvq wkÿK wkï‡ì cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb| hw` wkï B‡‪Qg‡Zv A7vKvi welq wb‡R wb‡R wbe©vPb Ki‡Z bv cv‡i, Z‡e Zv‡K †QvU †QvU civgk© w`‡Z cv‡ib, †hgb- Zzwg dzj AuvK‡Z cvi, cvwL AuvK‡Z cvi, †Zvgvi ¯‥zj ev evwoi Qwe AuvK‡Z cvi BZ¨vw`| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e dzj-cvwL BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e AuvKv g~j jÿ¨ bq, g~j jÿ¨ n‡jv wkï‡ì Zv‡ì B‡‪Qg‡Zv AuvK‡Z mnvq_v Kiv| •

wKQzw`b ci wkï‡`i LvZv, †cwÝ‡ji m‡½ is I w`‡eb| wkïiv LvZvq B‡‪Qg‡Zv Qwe AuvK‡e I is Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

110

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wkï Qwe AuvKvi ci wkÿK QwewU †`L‡eb, Qwe m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ Ki‡eb (†hgb - Zzwg wK Gu‡K‡Qv?), Zvici wkï‡K QwewUi GKwU bvg w`‡Z ej‡eb, wkÿK bvgwU Qwei wb‡P wj‡L w`‡eb| ch©vqµ‡g mKj wkïi Qwe †`‡L Qwei bvg †`qvi KvRwU wbwðZ Ki‡eb (GKw`‡b bq)| ax‡i ax‡i Qwei bvg †`qv I †jLvi KvRwU wkÿK wkï‡`i‡K Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, wkï Zvi wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i Qwei bvg w`‡e I AuvwKeywK K‡i wjL‡e, wkÿK G cÖwµqv‡K DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

3.2 †hgb Av‡Q †Zgb AuvwK (c¨vUvb© AuvKv) wkïi nv‡Zi RoZv KvUv‡bvi Rb¨ wkÿK wkï‡ì c¨vUvb© AuvKvi PP©v Kiv‡eb| mnR wKQz c¨vUvb© w`‡q ïiæ K‡i wkïiv µ‡g eY©vsk †jKvi c¨vUv‡b©i w`‡K AMÖmi n‡e| GRb¨ †gvU 20 ai‡bi c¨vUvb© G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvq †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| wkLbdj: 3.3.2 c¨vUvb©/ AvK…wZ AuvK‡Z cvi‡e| 1.2.1 †cwÝj, mvc©bvi, ivevi, Zzwj, PK BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e ai‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: †cwÝj, G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv| c×wZ : • wkÿK G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvi 15.34 c„ôvq †`qv Ô†hgb Av‡Q †Zgb AuvwKÕ †_‡K 1wU K‡i c¨vUvb© †ev‡W© Gu‡K †`Lv‡eb| wkïiv Zv‡ì G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvq wbw`©ó c¨vUvb©wU AuvK‡e| wkïiv wVKg‡Zv AuvK‡Z cvi‡Q wK bv Zv wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b mn‡hvMxZv Ki‡eb| • Gfv‡e wkïiv cÖwZw`b 2wU K‡i c¨vUvb© AuvK‡e| 3.3 eY©vsk wjLb wkLbdj: 3.3.2 c¨vUvb©/AvK…wZ AuvK‡Z cvi‡e| 1.2.1 †cwÝj, mvc©bvi, ivevi, Zzwj, PK BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e ai‡Z cvi‡e| 3.3.6 aŸwbi cÖZxK (eY©) wjL‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY : G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj| c×wZ : • ÔeY©vsk †_‡K eY©Õ †jKvi Rb¨ G‡mv wjK‡Z wkwL LvZvq 35-74 c„ôvq Abykxjb i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv PP©v Kivi gva¨‡g wkïiv eY© †jLvi Rb¨ cÖ¯‧Z n‡q DV‡e| • †hw`Mb †h c„ôv Kiv‡bv n‡e wkÿK wkï‡ì †mB c„ôvwU Lyj‡Z ej‡eb Ges bv cvi‡j wkï‡ì mnvqZv Ki‡eb| • cÖwZwU c„ôvq eY© †jLvi K‡qKwU avc i‡q‡Q| wkÿK avç‡jv †ev‡W© Gu‡K †`Lv‡eb Ges Kxfv‡e AuvK‡Z n‡e Zv wkï‡ì eywS‡q w`‡eb| wkÿK‡K AbymiY K‡i wkïiv LvZvq AuvK‡e| eY© wjLvi cÖwZwU avc wkïiv Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡e| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

111

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wkïiv wVKg‡Zv nvZ Nyiv‡‪Q wK bv Zv wkÿK jÿ ivL‡eb| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g me¸‡jv c„ôv wkï‡`i w`‡q AuvKv‡eb|

3.4 eY© wjLb wkLbdj: 3.3.6 aŸwbi cÖZxK (eY©) wjL‡Z cvi‡e| 1.2.1 †cwÝj, mvc©bvi, ivevi, Zzwj, PK BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e ai‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: †cwÝj, G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv| c×wZ : • wkÿK †Kv‡bv GKwU eY© cov‡bv †k‡l †m eY© wkï‡ì w`‡q †jLv‡eb| wkÿK cÖ_‡g eY©wU eo I ¯úó K‡i †ev‡W© wjL‡eb, wkïiv †`L‡e| • ch©vqµ‡g K‡qKRb wkï †ev‡W© G‡m eY©wU wjL‡e, Ab¨vbïv †`L‡e| • Gici me wkï G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvi mswkøó c„ôvq eY©wU wjL‡e| wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb| jÿ ivL‡Z n‡e wkïiv hv‡Z mwVKfv‡e LvZv I †cwÝj a‡i wj‡L| cÖ‡qvR‡b nvZ a‡i †`wL‡q w`‡eb| me wkï eY©wU wjL‡Z cv‡i wK bv Zv wkÿK wbwðZ Ki‡eb| G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvi 75-141 c„ôvi wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx wkïiv c„ôv f‡i wbw`©ó eY©wU wjL‡e| • Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g me¸‡jv eY© †jLv Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| 3.5 kã wjLb wkLbdj: 3.3.7 `yB ev wZb e‡Y©i cwiwPZ mij kã wjL‡Z cvi‡e| 1.2.1 †cwÝj, mvc©bvi, ivevi, Zzwj, PK BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e ai‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, Abykxjb LvZv, †cwÝj, Avgvi eB| c×wZ : • wkÿK Avgvi eB Gi 76 I 77c„ôvi kã cV‡bi KvR †k‡l wjL‡bi KvRwU Kiv‡eb| wkÿK cÖ_‡g kãwU eo I ¯úó K‡i †ev‡W© wjL‡eb, wkïiv evbvb K‡i co‡e| • ch©vqµ‡g K‡qKRb wkï †ev‡W© G‡m kãwU wjL‡e, Ab¨vbïv †`L‡e| • Gici me wkï G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL (c„ôv bs- 142-144) Ges Abykxjb LvZvq kãwU wjL‡e| wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb Ges mevB wj‡L‡Q wK bv Zv wkÿK wbwðZ Ki‡eb| • Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g me¸‡jv kã †jLv‡eb| • GQvov Avgvi eB Gi 78-81 c„ôvq wKQz kã †jLvi KvR i‡q‡Q| GB KvR¸‡jv Avgvi eB‡q †Ìhv wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx Kiv‡eb| • GQvovI Kvi wPý Qvov wewfbœ k‡ã wkï‡ì w`‡q †jLvi Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgbeb, Kg, he, Ue, Kj, Rj, bj, big, Mig, eo BZ¨vw`|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

112

MwY‡Zi KvR

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv

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msL¨vi aviYv

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†hv‡Mi aviYv

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we‡qv‡Mi aviYv

113

K) cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv wkLbdj: cvi‡e|

4.1.1 Wvb-evg, †QvU-eo, Kg-†ewk, j¤^v-Lv‡Uv, †gvU-wPKb, fvwi-nvjKv wPwýZ Ki‡Z 4.1.2 evwni-wfZi, Dci-wbP, mvg‡b-wcQ‡b, DuPz-wbPz, Kv‡Q-`~‡i wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 4.1.3 wewfbœ AvKvi-AvK…wZ (eo, †QvU, gvSvwi) †QvU †_‡K eo ev eo †_‡K †QvU mvRv‡Z cvi‡e| 4.1.4 is, AvKvi-AvK…wZ (†Mvj, wZb‡KvYv, Pvi‡KvYv) Abyhvqx wewfbœ e¯‧ †kÖwYKiY Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 4.1.5 ev¯Íe DcKiY e¨fnvi K‡i Abygvb I cwigvc Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 4.1.6 ev¯Íe DcKiY e¨envi K‡i eÈb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

1. welqe¯‘: Wvb-evg DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB| c×wZ : • wkïiv †h nvZ w`‡q fvZ Lvq †m nvZ Zz‡j †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb| • GKRb wkï‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb †m †h nvZ Zz‡j‡Q †mwU †Kvb nvZ| †m bv cvi‡j Ab¨‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| • Gevi K¬v‡mi mKj wkï‡K †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì Wvb ej‡j Wvb nvZ I evg ej‡j evg nvZ DuPz Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e 8 †_‡K 10 evi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| wkï‡ì w`‡qI GKB cÖwµqvq AbykxjbwU cwiPvjbv Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e G‡ÿ‡Î jÿ¨ Ki‡eb †KD Wvb ej‡j evg nvZ ev evg ej‡j Wvb nvZ Zz‡j wKbv| †m‡ÿ‡Î wkï‡ì mwVK nvZ DuPz Ki‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb| • `yBRb `yBRb K‡i wkï‡K gy‡LvgywL ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb, Zvi mvg‡b ùvov‡bv eÜzwUi Wvb nvZ I evg nvZ †KvbwU| mvg‡b ùvov‡bv eÜzi Wvb I evg nvZ †KvbwU, G wel‡q cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki aviYv cwi®‥vi nIqvi ci, Wvb ej‡j mvg‡bi eÜzi Wvb nvZ I evg ej‡j evg nvZ ai‡Z ej‡eb| Gf‡e 8 †_‡K 10 evi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| wkï‡ì w`‡qI GKB cÖwµqvq AbykxjbwU cwiPvjbv Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| • wkïi w`K cwieZ©‡b Wvb I evg cwieZ©‡bi welqwU eY©bv Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi Kvh©µgwU cwiPvjbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i• `yBRb wkï‡K cvkvcvwk ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| †h‡Kv‡bv GKRb wkï‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb- Zvi eÜzwU Zvi †Kvb cv‡k ùvwo‡q Av‡Q| Gevi H wkï‡K D‡ë Ny‡i ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| Avevi wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zvi eÜzwU GLb Zvi †Kvb cv‡k ùvwo‡q Av‡Q| Gfv‡e wkï‡ì w`K cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y evg I Wvb cvk cwieZ©‡bi welqwU Dc¯ vcb Ki‡eb| GKBfv‡e Ab¨ wkï‡ì w`‡qI Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| g~j¨vqb : Abykxjb cÖwµqvq wkï‡ì AskMÖnY ch©‡eÿY K‡i wkLb AMÖMwZ hvPvB Ki‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

114

welqe¯‘ : †gvUv-wPK‡bi aviYv

DcKiY : Avgvi eB, ¯ vbxqfv‡e msM„nxZ DcKiY- †gvU I wPKb Zvi, `wo, †evZj BZ¨vw`| c×wZ : •

wkï‡`i mvg‡b `yBwU K‡i wewfbœ Dcv`vb †hgb- Zvi, `wo, †evZj (†gvUv I wPKb) Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e †`wL‡q wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †KvbwU †gvUv I †KvbwU wPKb|

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wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZevi `yBRb K‡i wkï‡K gvSLv‡b †W‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †K †gvUv I †K wPKb| Gfv‡e cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K eënvi K‡i †gvUv-wPK‡bi aviYvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

• Avgvi eB Gi 97-98 c„ôvi wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx wkï‡`i wPÎ¸‡jv is Ki‡Z ej‡eb| g~j¨vqb: `jxq Kv‡R AskMÖnY ch©‡eÿY I Avgvi eB hvPvB K‡i wkï‡`i g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq djveZ©b cÖ`vb K‡i cÖwZwU wkïi wkLbdj AR©Y wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

3. welqe¯‘: fwi-nvjKv DcKiY : †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ Dcv`vb, B‡Ui UzKiv, cv_i BZ¨vw`| c×wZ : •

wkï‡`i cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB wb‡Ri GKwU eB I GKwU †cwÝj `yB nv‡Z wb‡Z ej‡eb| cÖkœ Ki‡eb eBwU nvjKv bv †cwÝjwU nvjKv| wkï‡`i DË‡ii Av‡jv‡K fvwi I nvjKv Gi aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

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†kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY/ Dcv`vb Zzjbv K‡i wkï‡`i Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

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†Rvqvo-†Rvovq ev `‡j-`‡j †kÖwYK‡ÿi ev we`¨vj‡qi wewfbœ wRwb‡mi g‡a¨ nvjKv-fvwi e¯‧i g‡a¨ Zzjbv Kivi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

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AvKv‡i eo wKš‧ nvjKv ¦s AvKv‡i †QvU wKš‧ fvwi e¯‧i g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡Z w`b †hgb- dzjv‡bv †ejyb†QvU cv_i, Zzjv-eB, cøvw÷‡Ki Møvm-Kuv‡Pi Møvm BZ¨vw`| g~j¨vqb : wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡`i AskMÖnY ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i wkï‡`i g~j¨vqb Kiv‡eb|

welqe¯‘: Kg-†ewk

DcKiY : cv_i, wewP, Kv‡Vi UzKiv, GKwU †cqviv I GKwU Kjvi wPÎ| •

wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb| Gici †g‡Si Dci GKRvqnMvq wKQz Kg cwigvb wewP/ cv_i Ges Ab¨ RvqMvq †ewk cwigv‡Y wewP/ cv_i ivL‡eb Ges wkï‡ì‡K †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb †Kv_vq Kg ev †ewk cwigvb wewP/ cv_i Av‡Q| wkïiv ej‡Z cvi‡j wkÿK ej‡eb AvR‡K Avgiv Kg ev †ewk wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev| Gfv‡e `yB wZb ai‡bi ev¯Íe DcKiY e¨fnvi K‡i wkï‡ì Kg-†ewki aviYv w`‡eb|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

115

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wkï‡ì GKwU †cqviv I GKwU Kjvi wPÎ †`Lv‡eb| †cqviv I Kjvi wPÎ `yBwU †`qv‡j ev PK †ev‡W© AvVv w`‡q cvkvcvwk jvwM‡q w`b| Gevi hviv †cqviv cQ›` K‡i Zv‡ì †cqvivi wPÎ Ges hviv Kjv cQ›` K‡i Zv‡ì Kjv eivei jvBb K‡i ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| jvBb ch©‡eÿY K‡i †Kvb dj †ewk wkï cQ›` K‡i Avi †Kvb dj Kg wkï cQ›` K‡i Zv ej‡Z ej‡eb| Gi gva¨‡g Kg-†ewki aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| • PK‡ev‡W©i mvnv‡h¨ Kg dzj- †ewk dzj, Kg cvZv- †ewk cvZv, Kg cvwLÑ †ewk cvwL, Kg dj- †ewk dj BZ¨vw` †`wL‡q Kg wRwb‡mi Ici †Mvj `vM Ges †ewk wRwb‡mi Ici wUK wPý w`‡Z ej‡eb| g~j¨vqb : wewfbœ KvR ch©‡eÿY Ges †Mvj `vM I wUK wP‡ýi mwVKZv hvPvB K‡i g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb Ges h_vh_ †ÿ‡Î djveZ©b cÖ`vb K‡i wkïi wkLb AR©b wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

5. welqe¯‘: j¤^v-Lv‡Uv DcKiY: Avgvi eB, `yBwU jvwV (j¤^v GeO Lv‡Uv), †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY| c×wZ : • GKwU j¤^v jvwV Ges GKwU Lv‡Uv jvwV †`wL‡q Gi g‡a¨ †KvbwU j¤^v Ges †KvbwU Lv‡Uv ej‡Z ej‡eb| • cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K GKwU j¤^v I GKwU Lv‡Uv wRwb‡mi wPÎ w`‡q †KvbwU j¤^v †KvbwU Lv‡Uv Zv wPýZ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZevi `yBRb K‡i wkï‡K gvSLv‡b †W‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †K j¤^v I †K Lv‡Uv| Gfv‡e cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K eënvi K‡i j¤^v I Lv‡Uvi aviYvi Abykxjb Ki‡eb| Avevi GKB wkï‡K `yBRb wfbœ wkïi cv‡k ùvo Kiv‡eb †hLv‡b GKR‡bi Zzjbvq j¤^v I Aci R‡bi Zzjbvq Lv‡Uv nq| • †Rvovq †Rvovq ev `‡j `‡j †kÖwYK‡ÿi ev we`¨vj‡qi wewfbœ wRwb‡mi g‡a¨ j¤^v-Lv‡Uv e¯‧i g‡a¨ Zzjbv Kivi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| • Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek †_‡K †gvUv wKš‧ Lv‡Uv Ges wPKb wKš‧ j¤^v e¯‧i g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡Z w`b| • Avgvi eB Gi 99-100 c„ôvi wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx wkï‡ì wPÎ¸‡jv is Ki‡Z ej‡eb| g~j¨vqb : wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g gva¨‡g wkïiv mwVKfv‡e Lv‡Uv-j¤^v wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB K‡i Ges Avgvi eB‡qi KvR g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb I cÖ‡qvRbxq djveZ©b cÖ`vb K‡i mKj wkïi wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

6. welqe¯‘ : †QvU-eo DcKiY : Avgvi eB, wewfbœ †QvU-eo AvK…wZi cvZv, dzj, cv_i, Kv‡Vi UzKiv, K¬vm iæ‡gi Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY| c×wZ : • wkÿK Av‡kcv‡ki cwi‡ek A_ev †kÖwYKÿ †_‡K †QvU-eo AvK…wZi cvZv, dzj, cv_i, Kv‡Vi UzKiv, eB BZ¨vw` wb‡q Avm‡eb| wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q e‡m †QvU Ges eo DcKiY¸‡jv wkï‡ì †`Lv‡eb Ges †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb †KvbUv QvU Ges †KvbUv eo| wkï‡ì w`‡qI ev¯Íe DcKiY e¨fnvi K‡i eo-†QvU mgm¨v •Zwi Kiv‡Z cv‡ib| wkÿK mnvwqKv

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wkï‡ì g‡a¨ eo I †QvU wbY©q Kivi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkÿK PK †ev‡W© †QvU eo wewfbœ ai‡bi Qwe Gu‡K wkï‡ì cÖkœ K‡i †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb †KvbwU eo, †KvbwU †QvU| • Avgvi eB Gi 101-102 c„ôvi wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx wkï‡ì †QvU-eo wPÎ¸‡jv is Kiv‡eb| g~j¨vqb : wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g gva¨‡g wkïiv mwVKfv‡e †QvU-eo wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB Ges Avgvi eB Gi KvR g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb| cÖ‡qvRbxq djveZ©b cÖ`vb K‡i mKj wkïi wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

7. welqe¯‘ : evwni-wfZi DcKiY : †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY| c×wZ : • †kªwYK‡ÿi gvSvgvwS GKwU †Mvj e„Ë AuvK‡eb| wkï‡ì e„‡Ëi Pviw`‡K ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| wKQz e¯‧ e„‡Ëi evB‡i I wKQz e¯‧ e„‡Ëi wfZ‡i ivL‡eb| e„‡Ëi wfZ‡i ev evB‡i ivLv †h †Kv‡bv e¯‧i bvg e‡j wkï‡ì we‡Ám Ki‡eb Zv e„‡Ëi wfZ‡i ev evB‡i Aew¯ Z| • wkï‡ì 5/6wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì w`‡q `j Abyhvqx e„Ë •Zwi Ki‡eb| †kÖwYK‡ÿi ev we`¨vj‡qi wewfbœ Dcv`vb cÖwZwU †Mvj e„‡Ëi wfZ‡i ev evB‡i ivL‡eb| Dc‡i DwjøwLZ †LjvwU wkï‡ì w`‡q cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| • GKB ai‡bi †Ljv e„‡Ëi e`‡j †Svjv, e¨vM, ev·, Ni BZ¨vw` w`‡q †Ljv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| • †kÖwYKÿ ev we`¨vj‡qi gv‡V wkï‡ì w`‡q †Mvj e„Ë AuvK‡eb| mKj‡K e„‡Ëi Pviw`‡K †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| e„‡Ëi †K‡›`ª ùvov‡eb| wkï‡ì ej‡eb- Avcwb wfZi ej‡j jvd w`‡q wfZ‡i Ges evB‡i ej‡j jvd w`‡q evB‡i †ei n‡e| †LjvwU K‡qKevi wkÿ‡Ki †bZ…‡Z¡ †Ljvi ci wkï‡ì w`‡q cwiPvjbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| g~j¨vqb : wewfbœ GKwUwfwU I †Ljvq wkï‡ì AskMÖnY I `ÿZv hvPvB K‡i wkï‡ì g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb| cÖ‡qvRbxq †ÿ‡Î djveZ©b cÖ`vb Kivi gva¨‡g wkï‡ì wkLb wbwðZ Kiv‡eb|

8. welqe¯‘ : mvg‡b-†cQ‡bi aviYv DcKiY : †kÖwYKÿ I †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡ii wewfbœ DcKiY| c×wZ : • wZb Rb wkï‡K jvB‡b ùvo Kiv‡eb| Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡ì Kv‡Q wR‡Ám Ki‡eb- Kvi mvg‡b †K ùvov‡bv Ges Kvi †cQ‡b †K ùvov‡bv| • †kÖwYKÿ I †kÖwYKÿi evB‡ii wewfbœ DcKiY mvg‡b- wcQ‡b †i‡L mvg‡b- wcQ‡i Ae¯ vb m¤ú‡K© wkï‡ì Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| Abykxj‡bi †ÿ‡Î mivmwi mvg‡b ev wcQ‡b QvovI GKUz Wv‡e ev ev‡gi mvg‡b ev wcQ‡bi DcKiY eënvi Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| g~j¨vqb : `jM` KvR ch©‡eÿY K‡i wkï‡ì g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb I cÖ‡qvRbxq djveZ©b cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

117

9. welqe¯‘: Dci-wbP m¤ú‡K© aviYv DcKiY: †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY| c×wZ : • †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY †Uwe‡ji Dc‡i I wb‡P B‡‪Q g‡Zv ivL‡eb| • wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb- †Kvb wRwbm¸‡jv †Uwe‡ji Dc‡i Av‡Q ¦s †Kvb wRwbm¸‡jv wb‡P Av‡Q| • Gevi †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ wRwb‡mi †ÿ‡Î GKBfv‡e wkï‡ì Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| †hgb- Mv‡Qi wb‡P Kx Kx Av‡Q ev Dc‡i Kx Kx Av‡Q? • †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡ii wewfbœ wRwbm wb‡q GKBfv‡e wkï‡ì Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| †hgb- Mv‡Qi wb‡P Kx Kx Av‡Q ev Dc‡i Kx Kx Av‡Q? • GKB wRwbm KL‡bv †Kv‡bv wKQzi Dc‡i Avevi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wKQzi wb‡P _vK‡Z cv‡i Zvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| • mKj wkï‡K †Mvj n‡q ùvo‡Z ej‡eb| Avcwb Dc‡i ej‡j wkïiv nvZ DuPz Ki‡e, wb‡P ej‡j wb‡P nvZ bvwg‡q Avb‡e| ejvi mgq memgq Dc‡i-wb‡P bv e‡j KL‡bv KL‡bv GKvwaKevi cici Dc‡i ev wb‡P ej‡eb| g~j¨vqY : wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì AskMÖnY ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb, cÖ‡qvRbxq †ÿ‡Î h_vh_ djveZ©b cÖ`vb Kivi gva¨‡g wkï‡ì wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

10. welqe¯‘ : DuPz-wbPzi aviYv DcKiY : wd¬c PvU©| c×wZ : • wd¬c PvU© Gi cvnvo I eb (c„ô-4) Ges dm‡ji gvV, b`w I mvMi (c„ôv-5) Gi wPÎ †`wL‡q wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †KvbwU DuPz I †KvbwU wbPz| • GKRb wkï‡K DuPz RvqNvi Dci I GKRb‡K wb‡P ùvo Kwi‡q wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb †K DuPz‡Z ùvwo‡q| • PvU© ev KvW© ev Avgvi eB Gi eëüZ wewfbœ wPÎ (cvnvo, mgZj BZ¨vw`) †_‡K DuPz-wbPy welqwU wkï‡ì mv‡_ Abykxjb Ki‡eb|

11. welqe¯‘ : Kv‡Q `~‡ii aviYv DcKiY : cÖ‡qvRb †bB| c×wZ : • wkï‡ì ej‡eb Avgiv Kv‡Q I `~‡ii †Ljv †Lje| wZbRb wkï‡K WvK‡eb| Zv‡ì GKUz `~i‡Z¡ cvkvcvwk ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

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Gevi cÖ_g wkï‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †Zvgvi †_‡K Kv‡Q †h `uvwo‡q Av‡Q Zvi bvg Kx? wkïi DËi mwVK Av‡Q wKbv Zv †kÖwYi Ab¨vb¨ wkïiv jÿ¨ Ki‡e| GKBfv‡e Zvi †_‡K `~‡i †K `uvwo‡q Av‡Q Zvi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb| Gi gva¨‡g Kv‡Q Ges `~‡ii aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

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GKB Kvh©µg Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡ì gva¨‡g cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb Ges †kÖwYi †Kvb wRwbmwU Zv‡ì Kv‡Q Ges †Kvb wRwbmwU Zv‡ì †_‡K `~‡i Zv wPwýZ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• †kÖwYKÿ I †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡ii wewfbœ ¯ v‡bi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Kivi Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| g~j¨vqb : †kÖwY Kvh©µ‡gi mgq wkïi DË‡i Av‡jv‡K Zvi wkLb AMÖMwZ hvPvB Ki‡eb|

12. welqe¯‘ wewfbœ iKg AvK…Z DcKiY : wewfbœ AvK…wZi cv_i, wewP Ges †kÖwYK‡ÿi Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY| c×wZ : •

cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Zvi wb‡Ri eB, LvZv, †cwÝj wb‡Ri mvg‡b ivL‡Z ej‡eb|

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Gevi wkï‡`i Zvi e¨envi Kiv me‡P‡q eo wRwbm Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb| GKBfv‡e me‡P‡q †QvU wRwbmwU Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

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Gevi ejyb, †Zvgiv Ggb GKwU wRwbm †`LvI hv me‡P‡q †QvUI bq Avevi me‡P‡q eoI bq| wb‡`©kbv Abyhvqx wkïiv KvRwU Ki‡Z cv‡i wKbv jÿ¨ Ki‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b wb‡R †QvU, eo, gvSvwi wRwb †`wL‡q wkïi wkL‡b mnvq_v Ki‡eb|

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wkï‡`i K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K wewfbœ AvK…wZi †QvU AvKv‡ii wRwbm w`‡q †QvU †_‡K eo AvKv‡i mvRv‡Z ej‡eb| mvRv‡bv m¤úbœ n‡j cÖwZwU `‡ji KvR g~j¨vqb Kiæb| cÖksmv Kiæb| cÖ‡qvR‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb| g~j¨vqb : `jxq Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb| g~j¨vq‡bi ci cÖ‡qvRbxq wdWe¨v‡Ki gva¨‡g †kÖwY Kvh©µg m¤úbœ Ki‡eb|

13. welqe¯‘: wewfbœ iKg AvK…wZ DcKiY : †MvjvKvi †cøU I wÎfzR AvK…wZi e¯‧, eB Ges Avgvi eB| c×wZ : •

wkï‡ì wZbwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| GKwU `j‡K †cøU, GKwU `j‡K eB I GKwU `j‡K wÎfzR AvK…wZi e¯‧ w`‡eb| cÖwZwU `j Zv‡ì †Ìqv e¯‧wUi AvK…wZ wb‡q `‡j Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e| Av‡jvPbvi ci `jxqfv‡e e¯‧wUi AvK…wZ LvZvq AsKb Ki‡e Ges Dc¯ vcb Kie| wkïiv †g․wLKfv‡e e¯‧wUi AvK…wZ KviYmn ej‡e| Ab¨`j Zv‡ì Dc¯ vcbv jÿ¨ Ki‡e Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b AvK…wZ wPb‡Z mnvq_v Ki‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

119

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Gevi `jxqfv‡e wkïiv wb‡R‡ì nvZ aivawi K‡i wZbwU AvK…wZ cÖ`k©b Ki‡e| G Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì cÖ‡qvRbxq mnvqZv Ki‡eb| • Kviæi KvR wn‡m‡e wkï‡ì w`‡q KvMR I gvwU w`‡q †Mvj, wZb‡KvYv I Pvi‡KvYv AvK…wZ •Zwii Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| • †Ljv b¤î 20 : AvK…wZ evbvB Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| • Gevi bZzb K‡i wZbwU `j MVb Ki‡eb| GK`j‡K †kÖwYi †MvjvKvi wRwbm, GK`j‡K wÎ‡KvYvKvi wRwbm I Av‡iK`j‡K Pvi‡KvYvKvi wRwbm ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z ej‡eb| `‡j Av‡jvPbv K‡i †kÖwY‡Z †Kvb¸‡jv †MvjvKvi, †Kvb¸‡jv wÎ‡KvYvKvi I †Kvb¸‡jv Pvi‡KvYvKvi e¯‧ Av‡Q Zv ej‡Z ej‡eb| hw` †Kvb AvK…wZi e¯‧ bv _v‡K Zvn‡j KvMR †K‡U wewfbœ AvK…wZ •_wi K‡i G KvRwU Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Gfv‡e †MvjvKvi, wÎ‡KvYvKvi I Pvi‡KvYvKvi AvK…wZ m¤ú‡K© wkïi aviYv my`„p Ki‡eb| • Avgvi eB Gi 103-104 c„ôv Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| g~j¨vqb : `jxq Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

14. welqe¯‘ : Abygvb I cwigvc DcKiY : wewfbœ iKg wewP, †QvU †QvU cv_i I Mv‡Qi Siv cvZv| eo I †QvU cvV‡kvjv ev KvwV, eo I †QvU †evZj, Kvc| c×wZ : • wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZwU `‡j cwigvY g‡Zv cv_i, wewP ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv myweavRbK e¯‧ w`‡eb| Gevi wewfbœfv‡e cv_i, wewP ev Ab¨ e¯‧mg~n `yBfvM K‡i wkï‡ì Abygvb Ki‡Z ej‡eb †Kvbfv‡M †ewk ev Kg i‡q‡Q| GKUv GKUv K‡i `yBfvM †_‡K e¯‧ wb‡q wgwj‡q †`Lv‡Z cv‡ib Avm‡j †Kvbfv‡M Kg ev †Kvb fv‡M †ewk i‡q‡Q| • wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| mevi mvg‡b GKwU j¤^v KvwV I A‡cÿvK…Z Lv‡Uv GKwU KvwV ivL‡eb| †QvU KvwVwU †hb wkïi eënvi Kiv †cwÝ‡ji †P‡q eo nq| • cÖkœ Kiæb, †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †K ej‡Z cvi‡e KvwV `yBwUi g‡a¨ †KvbwU j¤^v †KvbwU Lv‡Uv? wkï‡ì DËi †R‡b AvMÖnx †h †Kv‡bv GKRb wkï‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb eo KvwVwU †Zvgvi eënvi Kiv KqwU †cwÝ‡ji mgvb| GKBfv‡e wR‡Ám Kiæb Lv‡Uv KvwVwU KqwU †cwÝ‡ji mgvb| • wkï nv‡Z Kj‡g KvRwU K‡i †`Lv‡e| hw` mg_© nq Z‡e Zvi cÖksmv Kiæb| bv cvi‡j Av‡iKRb wkï‡K w`‡q KvRwU m¤úbœ Kiv‡eb| Gi gva¨‡g wkï‡ì cwigvc m¤úwK©Z aviYv mymsnZ Ki‡eb| • GKwU eo I GKwU †QvU †evZj wbb| †evZj wbb| †evZj `ywU cvwb w`‡q fwZ© Ki‡eb| Gevi Kvc w`‡q eo I †QvU †evZ‡ji cvwb cwigvc K‡i †KvbwU‡Z †ewk cvwb AvQ Avi †KvbwU‡Z Kg cvwb Av‡Q Zv cwigvc Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e †kÖwYi mevB‡K abëv` w`‡q †kÖwYi Kvh©µg mgvß Ki‡eb| g~j¨vqb : †kÖwY Kvh©µ‡g wkïi AskMÖnY hvPvB K‡i g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

120

15.

welqe¯‘ : G‡mv fvM Kwi

wkLbdj : 4.1.6 ev¯Íe DcKiY eënvi K‡i eÈb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY : wewfbœ iKg wewP, †QvU †QvU cv_i I Mv‡Qi Siv cvZv| c×wZ : • wkï‡ì †Rvovq †Rvovq em‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K †Rvovq 6wU K‡i wewP ev cv_i w`b| wewP¸‡jv wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ mgvbfv‡M fvM K‡i wb‡Z ej‡eb| • Ny‡i Ny‡i ch©‡eÿY Kiæb wkïiv fvM K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡Q Kxbv| cÖ‡qvR‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb| • Gevi wZb Rb K‡i GKwU `j MVb Ki‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K `‡j 9wU K‡i wewP cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| `‡ji cÖ‡Z¨K m`m¨‡K wewP¸‡jv fvM K‡i wb‡Z ej‡eb| Ny‡i Ny‡i `xq KvR ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb| • Gevi Pvi R‡bi GKwU `j K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K †Uwe‡j iwÿZ Mv‡Qi Siv cvZv B‡‪Qg‡Zv wb‡Z ej‡eb| cvZv¸‡jv wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ fvM K‡i wb‡Z ej‡eb| jÿ Ki‡eb `‡ji mevB †hb mgvb msL¨K cvZv cvq| hw` bv †cq _v‡K Z‡e †Kb †c‡jv bv Zv `jxqfv‡e ej‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e wewfbœ `‡j wewfbœ msL¨K DcKiY w`‡q Zv‡ì fvMvfvwM m¤úwK©Z aviYv mymsnZ Ki‡eb Ges †kÖwY Kvh©µg mgvß Ki‡eb| g~j¨vqb : `jxq Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

L. msL¨vq aviYv welqe¯‘ : msL¨v 1 †_‡K 20 wkLbdj:

4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5

Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ ev¯Íe DcKiY Nbvbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ Qwe †`‡L MYbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ msL¨v MYbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†QvU †_‡K eo, eo †_‡K †QvU)| Ô1-9Õ ch©šÍ msL¨v cÖZxK wPb‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e| Ô1-9Õ ch©šÍ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨K ev¯Íe DcKi‡Yi m‡½ Zvi msL¨v cÖZxK wgjv‡Z cvi‡e| 4.2.6 Ô1-9Õ ch©šÍ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨K Aa©ev¯Íe DcKi‡Yi (Qwei) m‡½ Zvi msL¨v cÖZxK wgjv‡Z cvi‡e| 4.2.8 Ô10-20Õ ch©šÍ msL¨v wPb‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e| 4.2.9 Ô10-20Õ ch©šÍ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨K ev¯Íe DcKi‡Yi m‡½ Zvi msL¨v wgjv‡Z cvi‡e| 4.2.10 Ô10-20Õ ch©šÍ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨K Aa©ev¯Íe DcKi‡Yi (Qwei) m‡½ Zvi msL¨v wgjv‡Z cvi‡e| 4.3.1 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ msL¨v wjL‡Z cvi‡e| 4.3.2 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨v wjL‡Z cvi‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

121

c×wZ : avc- 1: msL¨v Qov • wkï‡ì mv‡_ wb‡q cÖ_‡g Avgvi eB‡qi 106 c„ôvq msL¨v Qovi 1-5 ch©šÍ Ask Ave„wË Ki‡eb| wewfbœfv‡e QovwU Ave„wË K‡i wkïiv msLvi bvg¸‡jv Rvb‡e Ges msL¨vi avivevwnKZv wkL‡e| • wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q e‡m †h †Kv‡bv wkï †_‡K cÖ_‡g 1, c‡ii wkï 2 Zvic‡ii wkï 3 Gfv‡M 5 ch©šÍ MYYv Kivi ci c‡ii wkï Avevi 1 †_‡K ïiæ Ki‡e| Gfv‡e avivevwnKfv‡e 1-5 msL¨v evi evi MYbv Ki‡Z w`‡eb| avc-2: ev¯Íe DcKiY Mbbv • wkï‡ì ev¯Íe DcKiY (5wU) †hgb-wewP, cv_i, cvZv BZ¨vw` bvov Pvov Ki‡Z w`‡eb Ges ¸Y‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZwU wkï hv‡Z wewfbœ iKg ev¯Íe DcKiY MYbv Kivi my‡hvM cvq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡eb| • Avcwb hLb †hB msL¨v ej‡eb, wkïiv †mB msL¨K DcKiY MYbv K‡i mvg‡b ivL‡e| • †Ljv b¤î- 3 †b․Kv wb‡q †LjvwU GLv‡b 1-5 ch©šÍ msL¨v eënvi K‡i †Ljv †h‡Z cv‡i| avc-3: Aa©-ev¯Íe DcKiY MYbv • Aa©ev¯Íe DcKiY (Avgvi eB I msL¨v KvW©) Gi mvnv‡h¨ msL¨vi aviYv w`‡eb| ev¯Íe I Aa©ev¯Íe DcKiY wgj Ki‡Z w`‡eb| †hgb- Avgvi eB ev Kv‡W© 4wU dzj ZvK‡j wkï‡ì mgvb msL¨K ev¯Íe DcKiY wgj Ki‡Z w`‡eb| msL¨v Kv‡W©i wcQ‡bi Qwei mv‡_ mgvb msL¨K ev¯Íe DcKiY wgj Ki‡Z w`‡eb| • msL¨v Kv‡W©i †cQ‡bi Qwe eënvi K‡i †b․Kv wb‡q †LjvwU †Ljv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| avc-4: msL¨v MYbv • hLb †h msL¨v ev msL¨v¸‡jv †kLv‡bv n‡e †m msL¨vwU †ev‡W© wjL‡eb| †h msL¨vwU †ev‡W© †jLv n‡q‡Q ZZwU ev¯Íe DcKiY †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb| GKBfv‡e Avgvi eB ev msL¨v Kv‡W©i H msL¨K e¯‧i Qwe wgjv‡Z ej‡eb| • msL¨v KvW© eënvi K‡i ev¯Íe I Aa©ev¯Íe DcKiY wgjv‡bvi wewfbœ Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| • 1-5 msL¨v †kLv‡bvi ci †mB msL¨vi KvW©¸‡jv wb‡qs cuvPRb wkï‡K WvK‡eb| GK GK K‡i wkï‡K GKwU KvW© Uvb‡Z ej‡eb| wbw`©ó msL¨K ev¯Íe DcKi‡Yi mv‡_ wkï‡ì msL¨v KvW© wgjv‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g 1-20 ch©YÍ msL¨v wb‡q G KvRwU Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| • Aa©ev¯Íe DcKiY †hgb- Kv‡W©i wPÎ, Avgvi eB‡q eëüZ wP‡Îi mv‡_ msL¨v KvW© wgjv‡Z w`‡eb| • msL¨v KvW© †`wL‡q Ò†b․Kv wb‡q †LjvÓ †Lj‡Z w`‡eb| • Avgvi eB Abykxjb Ki‡eb| • PK‡ev‡W© †QvU †QvU e„Ë A7vK‡eb| GKRb GKRb K‡i wkï‡K †W‡K wewfbœ msL¨v KvW© †`wL‡q †mB msL¨K e„Ë fivU Ki‡Z ev †K‡U w`‡Z ej‡eb| • Avgvi eB Abyhvqx †jKvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| we`ª: GKB c×wZ‡Z 6-10, 11-15 I 16-20 ch©šÍ msL¨v wkï‡ì wbKU cwiwPZ Kiv‡Z n‡e| Z‡e 10 Gi c‡i ï‡bï aviYv w`‡Z n‡e| 6-10 Gi aviYvi Rb¨ msL¨v Qov Avgvi eB c„ôv 106 Ges wkÿK mnvwqKv Qov bs 8 Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkÿK mnvwqKv

122

avc-5: k~‡b¨i aviYv wkLbdj : 4.2.7 k~‡b¨i mnR aviYv w`‡Z cvi‡e I cÖZxK wPb‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY : Avgvi eB, wewP, cv_i BZ¨vw` ev¯Íe DcKiY| c×wZ •

†Uwe‡ji Dci K‡qKwU ¯ vbxqfv‡e msM„nxZ Dcv`vb †hgb- wewP, cv_i ev cvZv ivLyb hv‡Z mK‡j †`L‡Z cv‡i|

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wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †Uwe‡ji Dci KqwU cv_i i‡q‡Q| Gevi GK GKwU wkï‡K †W‡K 1wU K‡i cv_i wb‡q †h‡Z ej‡eb Ges evwK wkï‡ì wRÁvmv Ki‡eb GLb KqwU cv_i iq‡Q| Gfv‡e †kl cv_iwU wb‡q hvIqvi ci GKBfv‡e wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb GLb KqwU cv_i i‡q‡Q| wkï‡ì wewfbœ iKg DËi †kvbvi ci †ev‡W© k~b¨ wj‡L k~‡bï aAiYv w`‡eb| wkï‡ì k~b¨ wb‡q GKB iKg NUbv •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges Zv mK‡ji mvg‡b Dc¯ vcb Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

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Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv-127 Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

• mKj‡K k~b¨ wjLvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| welqe¯‘ : Kg †ewki aviYv wkLbdj: 4.4.1 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ ev¯Íe I Aa©ev¯Íe DcKiY Nbvbv K‡i Kg-†ewk wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 4.4.2 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ `yBwU msL¨vi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 4.4.3 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ †h †Kv‡bv 5wU msL¨v †QvU †_‡K eo, eo †_‡K †QvU mvRv‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY : Avgvi eB, msL¨v KvW©| c×wZ : wewfbœ iKg KvR Abykxjb K‡i wkï‡`i g‡a¨ msL¨vi Zzjbvg~jK aviYv †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| wb¤œwjwLZ wewfbœ †K․kj/Kvh©µg Abykxjb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡iKvR- 1 •

mKj wkï‡K 2wU mgvb `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| `j `yBwU‡K `y‡Uv wfbœ wfbœ msL¨v †`Lv‡eb| Gevi †h `j‡K †h msL¨v †`Lv‡eb †mB `‡ji Z‡Zv msL¨K wkï wg‡j GKwU jvBb •Zwi Ki‡e| cvkvcvwk Ab¨ `jI Zv‡`i †`Lv‡bv msL¨v KvW© Abyqvqx jvBb Zwi Ki‡e| 1g `j‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb †Kvb msL¨wU eo, bv cvi‡j wØZxq `j‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb|

• Avgvi eB c„ôv b¤^i 129 Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| KvR- 2 4-7 Rb wkï‡K wb‡q wewfbœ `j MVb Ki‡eb| `j MV‡bi †ÿ‡Î KvR-1 Abyhvqx wkï‡`i w`‡q 1 †_‡K 5 ch©šÍ ¸‡Y cieZ©x wkï †_‡K Avevi 1 †_‡K 5 ch©šÍ Gfv‡e †kl wkïwU ch©šÍ MYbv Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi †h cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

123

†h wkï 1 e‡j‡Q Zv‡`i‡K GKmv‡_ `uvov‡Z ej‡eb| GwU n‡e GKwU `j| GKBfv‡e 2, 3, 4 I 5Gi Rb¨ GKBfv‡e `j MVb Ki‡eb| •

cÖwZwU `‡j G‡jv‡g‡jvfv‡e h‡Zv msL¨v ch©šÍ wkïiv Rv‡b Zvi g‡a¨ †h †Kv‡bv `yBwU K‡i msL¨v KvW© w`b| KvW© `yBwUi †a¨ †QvU eo wba©viY Ki‡Z•

cÖ_‡g msL¨v `yBwUi mgvb msL¨K ev¯Íe DcKiY MYbv K‡i cvkvcvwk ivL‡Z ej‡eb| ev¯Íe DcKiY Zzjbv K‡i msL¨v `yBwUi g‡a¨ †QvU-eo wba©viY Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

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cieZ©x‡Z msL¨v Kv‡W©i D‡ëvw`‡Ki Qwe MYbv K‡i `yBwU Kv‡W©i g‡a¨ †QvU eo wba©viY Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

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cÖwZwU `‡j G‡jv‡g‡jvfv‡e †h †Kv‡bv 3wU msL¨v KvW© w`‡eb| msL¨v KvW©¸‡jv †QvU †_‡K eo µ‡g ev eo †_‡K †QAU µ‡g mvRv‡Z ej‡eb|

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cÖwZwU `‡j 3wUi cwie‡Z© 4wU ev 5wU ch©šÍ KvW© cÖ`vb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

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Avgvi eB‡qi 145-149 c„ôv AbykxjY Kiv‡eb|

M) †hv‡Mi aviYv wewfbœ Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g †hv‡Mi aviYv †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hv‡Mi aviYv †Ìqvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì cÖ_‡g ev¯Íe DcKiY, c‡i Aa©ev¯Íe DcKiY Zvic‡i msL¨vi mvnv‡h¨ †hv‡Mi avibv †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkLbdj: 4.5.1 ev¯Íe I Aa©ev¯Íe DcKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ †hvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†hvMdj 9 Gi †ewk n‡e bv) 4.5.2 GK A‡¼i `yBwU msL¨vi †hvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†hvMdj 9 Gi †ewk n‡e bv)| 4.5.3 †hvM msLªvšÍ mnR mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†hvMdj 9 Gi †ewk n‡e bv)| DcKiY: Avgvi eB, †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY, wewP, Siv, cvZv BZ¨vw`| KvR: ev¯Íe DcKiY eënvi K‡i Abykxjb•

†hvM msµvšÍ GKwU mgm¨v wkï‡`i wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| †hgb-†Zvgvi Kv‡Q 3wU †cwÝj Av‡Q| †Zvgvi PvPv †Zvgv‡K Av‡iv 2wU †cwÝi Dcnvi w`j| GLb †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †gvU KZwU †cwÝj n‡jv? wkïiv mwVK DËi w`‡Z cvi‡j cÖksmv Ki‡eb Ges wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zviv Kxfv‡e mgvavb K‡i‡Q|

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wkï‡`i w`‡q mgm¨vwU ev¯Í‡e Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| †hgb- GKwU wkï‡K 3wU †cwÝj w`b| Gevi Ab¨ GKRb wkï‡K ejyb Zv‡K AviI 2wU †cwÝj w`‡Z| †gvU KZwU †cwÝj n‡jv Zv ¸‡Y DËi †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

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wewfbœ iKg †hvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡`i w`‡q GKBfv‡e AbykxjY Kiv‡eb| wkï‡`i‡KI †hvM msµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`b|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

124

Aa©ev¯Íe DcKiY e¨envi K‡i Abykxjb•

Dc‡i ewY©Z mgm¨v mgvav‡b 3wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 3wU †Mvj `vM, 2wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 2wU †Mvj `vM w`‡q wkï‡`i we‡Ám Ki‡eb †gvU KqwU †Mvj `vM n‡jv| Gici 5wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 5wU †Mvj `vM †ev‡W© A7vK‡eb| GKB c×wZ‡Z wkï‡`i LvZvq Abykxjb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

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wewfbœ iKg †hvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì w`‡q GKBfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì‡KI †hvM msµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb| msL¨v eënvi K‡i Abykxjb•

Dc‡i ewY©Z mgm¨v mgvav‡b 3wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 3wU †Mvj `vM, 2wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 2wU †Mvj `vM w`‡q wkï‡ì we‡Ám Ki‡eb †gvU KqwU †Mvj `vM n‡jv| Gici 5wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 5wU †Mvj `vM †ev‡W© AuvK‡eb| Gevi 3wU †Mvj `v‡Mi wb‡P msL¨v Kv‡W©i 3 Ges 2wU †Mvj `v‡Mi Rb¨ msL¨v Kv‡W©i 2 AvUwK‡q w`‡eb| †hvMd‡ji Rb¨ †Kvb msL¨v KvW©wU eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| bv cvi‡j Avcwb †`wL‡q w`‡eb| GKB c×wZ‡Z wkï‡ì LvZvq Abykxjb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

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wewfbœ iKg †hvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡`i w`‡q GKBfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡eb| wkï‡`i‡KI †hvMmsµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`b|

• Avgvi eB Gi 150, 151, 152, 155 I 157 c„ôv wkï‡`i w`‡q Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| wewfbœ iKg †hvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i DcwiD³ Dcv‡q ev¯Íe, Aa©ev¯Íe I msL¨v e¨envi K‡i Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

N) we‡qv‡Mi aviYv wewfbœ Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g we‡qv‡Mi aviYv †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i| we‡qv‡Mi aviYv †Ìqvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì cÖ_‡g ev¯Íe DcKiY, c‡i Aa©ev¯Íe DcKiY Zvic‡i msL¨vi mvnv‡h¨ we‡qv‡Mi aviYv †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkLbdj: 4.6.1 ev¯Íe I Aa©ev¯Íe DcKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ we‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†Kv‡bv msL¨vB 9 Gi †ewk n‡e bv)| 4.6.2 GK A‡¼i `yBwU msL¨vi (†Kv‡bv msL¨vB 9 Gi †ewk n‡e bv) we‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 4.6.3 we‡qvM msµvšÍ ev¯Íe mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†Kv‡bv msL¨vB 9Gi †ewk n‡e bv)| DcKiY : Avgvi eB, †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY, wewP, Siv cvZv BZ¨vw`| KvR : ev¯Íe DcKiY eënvi K‡i Abykxjb•

we‡qvM msµvšÍ GKwU mgm¨v wkï‡`i we‡Ám Ki‡eb| †hgb- †Zvgvi Kv‡Q 5wU eB wQj| †Zvgvi eÜz Zv †_‡K 2wU eB covi Rb¨ wbj| GLb †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †gvU KZwU eB iBj? wkïiv mwVK DËi w`‡Z cvi‡j cÖksmv Ki‡eb Ges wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zviv Kxfv‡e mgvavb K‡i‡Q|

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wkï‡ì w`‡q mgm¨vwU ev¯Í‡e Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| †hgb- GKwU wkï‡K 5wU eB w`‡eb| Gevi Ab¨ GKRb wkï‡K ejyb Zv †_‡K 2wU eB wb‡q wb‡Z| GLb †gvU KZwU eB iBj Zv ¸‡Y wkï‡ì DËi †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • wewfbœ iKg we‡qvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì w`‡q GKBfv‡e Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| wkï‡ì‡KI we‡qvM msµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`b| Aa©ev¯Íe DcKiY eënvi K‡i Abykxjb• Dc‡i ewY©Z mgm¨v mgvav‡b 5wU eB Gi Rb¨ 5wU †Mvj `vM, 2wU eB Gi Rb¨ 2wU †Mvj `vM cvkvcvwk †ev‡W© AuvK‡eb| Gevi c‡ii 2wU †Mvj `v‡Mi Rb¨ 5wU †Mvj `vM †_‡K 2wU †Mvj `vM †K‡U w`‡eb| wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb GLb †gvU KqwU †Mvj `vM Av‡Q| wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K mwVK DËi wb‡q Avevi wZbwU †Mvj `vM †ev‡W© AuvK‡eb| GKB c×wZ‡Z wkï‡ì LvZvq Abykxjb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb| • wewfbœ iKg we‡qvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì w`‡q GKBfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì‡KI we‡qvM msµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`b| msL¨v eënvi K‡i Abykxjb• Dc‡i ewY©Z mgm¨v mgvav‡b 5wU eB Gi Rb¨ 5wU †Mvj `vM, 2wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 2wU †Mvj `vM cvkvcvwk †ev‡W© AuvK‡eb| Gevi 5wU †Mvj `v‡Mi wb‡P msL¨v Kv‡W©i 5 Ges 2wU †Mvj `v‡Mi Rb¨ msL¨v Kv‡W©i 2 AvUwK‡q w`‡eb| we‡qvMd‡ji Rb¨ †Kvb msL¨v KvW©wU eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| bv cvi‡j Avcwb †`wL‡q w`‡eb| GKB c×wZ‡Z wkï‡ì LvZvq Abykxjb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb| • wewfbœ iKg we‡qvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì w`‡q GKBfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì‡KI we‡qvM msµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb| • Avgvi eB Gi 153, 154 156 I 158 c„ôv wkï‡ì w`‡q Abykxjb Ki‡eb| wewfbœ iKg we‡qvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i DcwiD³ Dcv‡q ev¯Íe, Aa©ev¯Íe I msL¨v eënvi K‡i Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

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†Ljv f~wgKv B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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†Ljv fywgKv †Ljv wkïi •`bw›`b cQ›`bxq Kv‡Ri ga¨ Ab¨Zg KvR| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q wkïi Rb¨ †Ljv n‡jv †kLvi Ab¨Zg Dcvq| wewfbœ wel‡q †kLv QvovI wkï‡ì Avb›`jvf I we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ †Ljvi f~wgKv Acwimxg| wkïiv †hgb GKv GKv B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Lj‡Z cQ›` K‡i †ZgbB Ab¨ wkï‡ì mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k †QvU ev eo `‡j †Lj‡ZI Zv‡ì fv‡jvjv‡M| Gme welq Ges cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì eqm we‡ePbv K‡i cÖvK-cÖv_wgK cvV¨m~wP‡Z †Ljv AšÍfz„³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gme †Ljv‡K cÖvK-cÖv_wgK cvV¨m~wP‡Z `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q, h_v: (K) B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljv (Free Play) I (L) wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv (Guided Play) K) B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv : GQvov wkïiv hv‡Z Zv‡ì B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Lj‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ 127 †_‡K 133 c„ôvq ewY©Z wbqgvbymv‡i B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljv AšÍfz©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| (L) wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv : 134 †_‡K 155 c„ôv ch©šÍ †Ljv¸‡jv wkÿ‡Ki wb‡`©kbvq wkïiv †Lj‡e A_©vr G¸‡jv wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv| †Ljv †h‡nZz wkÿvµ‡gi cÖvq mKj AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv AR©‡bB mnvqZv K‡i †m‡nZz †Ljvi †ÿ‡Î Avjv`vfv‡e wkLbdj eY©bv Kiv nqwb|

K) B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv wewfbœ wel‡q †kLv QvovI wkï‡ì Avb›`jvf I we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ †Ljvi f~wgKv Acwimxg| cÖ‡Z¨K wkïiB ¯^xKxqZv I †kLvi wbR¯^ aib Av‡Q| B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljv wkïi ¯^KxqZv eRvq †i‡L m„RbkxjZv cÖKv‡ki GKwU Ab¨Zg c×wZ| G ai‡bi †Ljvi gva¨‡g wkï GKvKx wKsev Ab¨ wkïi m‡½ wewfbœ DcKiY w`‡q wbR¯^ cQ›` Abyhvqx hv wKQz Ki‡Z Pvq ev †Lj‡Z Pvq ZvB Kivi my‡hvM cvq| B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi gva¨‡g wkïiv G‡K Aci‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kivi gva¨‡g mgm¨v mgvavb Kivi cÖwµqv †k‡L| GQvov wkïiv wb‡R wb‡R A_ev A‡bï mvnv‡h¨ KvR Ki‡Z †k‡L| Gfv‡e wkïiv Zv‡ì cQ›`g‡Zv †Ljvi gva¨‡g AbymÜvb, Av‡eM I Abyf~wZ cÖKv‡ki my‡hvM cvq| B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvq wkïi †hme `ÿ_v AR©‡b cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e f~wgKv iv‡L †m¸‡jv n‡jv: m„RbkxjZv, wb‡R wb‡R cQ›` Kivi ÿgZv Kíbvkw³ wm×všÍ MÖnY, AvZ¥wek¦vm, a¨vb aviYvi cÖKvk, AvZ¥m‡PZbZv, mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv Kivi gvbwmKZv| ¯^KxqZv, B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv cwiPvjbvi wbqg cÖvK-cÖv_wgK cvV¨m~wP‡Z †Ljv GKwU •`bw›`b KvR| B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi mgq wkïiv 4wU fv‡M fvM n‡q 4 Kb©v‡i mvwR‡q ivLv DcKiY wb‡q Ny‡i Ny‡i 4wU Kb©v‡iB †Lj‡e| wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K ïay 4wU Kb©v‡ii bvg ej‡eb| wkïiv Zv‡ì cQ›`g‡Zv Kb©v‡i wM‡q †mLv‡b ivLv DcKiY wb‡q Zv‡ì D‡‪Qg‡Zv †Lj‡e| Z‡e †KD B‡‪Q Ki‡j †kÖwYK‡ÿi wfZ‡i †h †Kvb RvqNvq †Lj‡Z cvi‡e| ZvQvov †Ljvi mgq wkïiv GK wkÿK mnvwqKv

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Kb©v‡ii DcKiY Ab¨ Kb©v‡i wb‡q †h‡ZI cvi‡e| wkïiv hv‡Z GKKfv‡e, †Rvovq †Rvovq ev †QvU `‡j Zv‡ì cQ›` Abyhvqx gy³fv‡e †Lj‡Z cv‡i †mUvB B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi gyL¨ welq| 4wU Kb©vi wewfbœ DcKiY w`‡q cwiKwíZfv‡e mvwR‡q ivLv n‡jI wkïiv Zv‡ì B‡‪Qg‡Zv †h †Kvb DcKiY wb‡q †Lj‡Z cvi‡e Ges Zv‡ì cQ›`g‡Zv wKQz •Zwi ev MVb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| G gq wkÿK Zv‡ì‡K †Kvb ai‡bi wb‡`©kbv bv w`‡q Ny‡i Ny‡i wkï‡ì KvR †`L‡eb, cÖksmv I Drmvn cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| GB welq¸‡jv‡K we‡ePbvq †i‡LB B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e| B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljvq wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljv mwVKfv‡e cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ wkÿ‡Ki KvR g~jZ: wZbwU fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| • cÖ¯‧wZg~jK KvR • †Ljv PjvKvjxb mg‡q KvR • wkï‡ì we‡kl AvPi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î KvR cÖ¯‘wZg~jK KvR • PviwU Kb©vi‡K DKciY w`‡q mvRv‡eb| • Kb©v‡ii me DcKiY GKmv‡_ bv w`‡q wKQz DcKiY †i‡L w`‡eb| c‡i evwK DcKiY w`‡q Avevi wKQz DcKiY Zz‡j ivL‡eb| Gfv‡e Kb©v‡ii DcKi‡Y •ewPÎ¨ Avb‡eb| • cÖwZwU Kb©v‡ii aib Abyhvqx DcKiY¸‡jv GK RvqNvq ivL‡eb, †hgb-eo eøK¸‡jv GK RvqMvq, wKDe¸‡jv GK RvqNvq, wZb‡KvYv¸‡jv GK RvqMvq| • DcKiY¸‡jv †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó wWRvB‡b mvwR‡q ivL‡eb bv, G‡Z wkïiv g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡i G DcKiY¸‡jv w`‡q Gfv‡eB wWRvBb Ki‡Z nq| • PviwU KY©vi m¤ú‡K© mKj wkï‡ì eywS‡q ej‡eb| • †Kv‡bv Kb©v‡i bZzb DcKiY †hvM n‡j Zv wkï‡ì Rvbv‡eb| • Awfbqg~jK †Ljvi mgq †cvkvK ev gy‡Lvk wbe©vP‡bi †ÿ‡Î mnvq_v Ki‡eb| †Ljv PjvKvjxb KvR • wkï‡ì‡K Zv‡ì cQ›` Abyhvqx 4wU fv‡M fvM n‡Z ej‡eb| • †K Kx †Lj‡e ev Kvi mv‡_ †Lj‡e Zvi cwiKíbv Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges wkï‡ì mvw_ wb‡q †Lj‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì B‡‪Qg‡Zv KY©v‡i wM‡q †Lj‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì‡K Ny‡i Ny‡i 4wU Kb©v‡iB †Lj‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó Kb©v‡i hw` †ewk wfo nq, Zvn‡j Lvwj Kb©v‡i wM‡q wkÿK wb‡RB †Lj‡eb| wkÿK‡K †Lj‡Z †`‡L 2/1 Rb wkï Zvi mv‡_ †Lj‡Z Drmvnx n‡e| hw` †Kv‡bv wkï Lvwj Kb©v‡i †Lj‡Z Drmvnx bv nq Zvn‡j †Rvi Ki‡eb bv| • wkïiv hw` †Kv‡bv DcKiY wb‡q KvovKvwo K‡i, †m †ÿ‡Î Zv‡ì †Kv‡bv GKwU AvKl©Yxq DcKiY w`‡q AvK…ó K‡i KvovKvwo _vgv‡eb| • †Kv‡bv wkï †Lj‡Z DrmvwnZ bv n‡j Zv‡KI AskMÖnY Ki‡Z mnvq_v Ki‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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wkïiv hv †Lj‡Q ev •Zwi Ki‡Q Zv Zvi eÜz‡`i ev wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q ej‡Z ev cÖKvk Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

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wkïiv †hb GKB †Ljv evievi ev cÖwZw`b bv K‡i †mw`KwU‡Z we‡kl `„wó w`‡eb|

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wkï‡`i Awfbqg~jK †Ljvq DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

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eB I Qwei eb©v‡i †hme eB _v‡K wkïiv eB¸‡jv †b‡o-†P‡o †`Lvi mgq Zviv hw` Pvq wkÿK Zv‡`i Mí c‡o †kvbv‡eb|

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Kb©v‡i †Ljvi mgq wkïiv †h me Qwe Auv‡K †mB Qwe‡Z Zv‡`i bvg I ZvwiL wj‡L w`‡q, †m¸‡jv †kÖwYK‡ÿi †`qv‡j UvOv‡bvi e¨e¯ v Ki‡eb|

we‡kl `ªóe¨ B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi mgq wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K †Kvb ai‡bi wb‡`©kbv bv w`‡q Ny‡i Ny‡i Zv‡ì KvR †`L‡eb| Z‡e †Ljvi mgq wkï‡ì‡K GKB DcKiY wewfbœfv‡e eëni Kivi Rb¨ Awb‡`©kbvg~jKfv‡e Ges gy³ cÖkœ K‡i DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| †hgb:•

†Kv‡bv wkï †evZvg w`‡q †Lj‡j, Zv‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡eb, GLv‡b Kx Kx is Av‡Q, Kvi nv‡Z †evZvg †ewk i‡q‡Q, wkï‡`i †evZvg ¸‡Y †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb|

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†Kv‡bv wkï wKQz AuvK‡j Zvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib, Kx AuvK‡Qv, †Zvgvi AuvKv N‡ii g‡a¨ †K †K Av‡Q, Zviv Kx Ki‡Q, N‡ii g‡a¨ Zzwg _vK‡j Kx Ki‡Z? †Kv‡bv wkï eøK w`‡q UvIqvi evbv‡j Zv‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡Z cv‡ib, †Zvgvi UvIqviUv G‡Zv j¤^v nIqvi ciI c‡o hv‡‪Q bv †Kb? eøK w`‡q Zzwg Avi Kx Kx evbv‡Z cvi? B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljv †k‡l wkïi hv‡Z DcKiY¸‡jv wewfbœ Kb©v‡i ¸wQ‡q iv‡L Ges Zviv †hb cwi®‥vi cwi‪Qbœ _v‡K †m wel‡q wkÿK jÿ ivL‡eb| wkï‡`i we‡kl AvPi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î wkÿ‡Ki KvR B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi mgq AwaKvsk wkïB ¯^cÖ‡bvw`Z I ¯^Ztù Z© n‡q bvbvfv‡e wewfbœ ai‡bi †Ljv ev Kv‡R AskMÖnY K‡i| wKš‧ wKQz wkï Ab¨ ai‡bi AvPiY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Ge AvPiY‡K †Ljv ewnf~©Z ev A‡L‡jvqvo myjf (Non Play Behaviour) ejv nq| B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi mgq wkïiv †Ljv ewnf©~Z ev A‡L‡jvqvo myjf Kx Kx AvPiY Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †m †ÿ‡Î wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq wb‡Pi Q‡K †`Iqv n‡jv: wkÿK mnvwqKv

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wkky‡`i A‡L‡jvqvi myjf AvPiY

wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq

1. D‡ØMc~Y© AvPiY| wKQz wkky `ywðšÍvhy³, 1. GB ai‡bi wkky/wkky‡ì Avjv`vfv‡e mgq w`‡q gbfvivµvšÍ n‡q _v‡K, Ah_vB KvbœvKvwU (†hgb- †Zvgvi wK gb Lvivc ? †Zvgvi †Kgb K‡i| jvM‡Q ? Zzwg Kv‡K eÜz †c‡j Lywk n‡e? Zzwg Kx †Lj‡Z ev Ki‡Z PvI ? BZ¨vw`) Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ †Ljvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| Ab¨ wkky‡ì‡KI GB ai‡bi wkky‡K mv‡_ wb‡q †Lj‡Z ej‡eb| 2. D‡Ïk¨nxb AvPiY : wKQz wkky wb‡R †L‡j 2. GB ai‡bi wkky/wkky‡ì‡K Awb‡`©kbvg~jK K_vi ( bv, Ab¨ wkky‡ì †Ljv †`‡K bv, †hgb- Zzwg Kx KiQ? mevB †Zv †Lj‡Q Zzwg Kx D‡Ïk¨nxb ev Ab¨gb®‥fv‡e Ny‡i †eovq| †Lj‡Z PvI ? Kvi mv‡_ †Lj‡Z PvI ? Kx wb‡q †Lj‡Z PvI ? BZ¨vw`) gva¨‡g †Ljvq AskMÖnY Kiv‡eb| 3. `k©Kmyjf AvPiY : wKQz wkky/wkkyiv wb‡R 3. GB ai‡bi wkky/wkky‡ì‡K Awb‡`©kbvg~jK K_vi ( bvbviKg KvR ev †Ljvq AskMÖnY bv †hgb- ZzwgI I‡ì g‡Zv †Lj‡Z cvi, †Kvb K‡i A‡bï †Ljv/KvR †`‡L ev A‡bï †LjvwU †Zvgvi me‡P‡q fvjv jv‡M ? P‡jv Avgiv K_v ky‡b mgq KvUv‡Z cQ›` K‡i| †mB †LjvwU †Lwj, BZ¨vw`) gva¨‡g †Ljvq A‡bï †Ljv †`‡L Giv †ewk gRv cvq| AskMÖnY Kiv‡eb| GB wkky‡ì AvZ¥cÖZ¨q I AvZ¥vwek¦vm Kg _v‡K| 4. AvMÖvmx AvPiY : †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv wkky 4. GB ai‡bi wkky/wkky‡ì Avjv`vfv‡e mgq w`‡q †Ljvi mgq A‡bï wRwbm †K‡o †bq ev Avì hZœ mnKv‡i K_v e‡j ( †hgb- Zzwg Kx wb‡q †f‡½ †d‡j, Ab¨ wkky‡K gv‡i, nVvr Ab¨ †Lj‡Z PvI ? hviv my›ì K‡i †L‡j Avwg Zv‡ì wkky‡ì mv‡_ SMov weev‡` Rwo‡q c‡o| Lye cQ›` Kwi| Zzwg Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ †Lj‡Z PvB‡j ZvivI †Zvgvi mv‡_ †Lj‡e| Av‪Qv Zzwg †Kvb Kb©v‡i †Lj‡Z PvI ? Kv‡K Zzwg mvw_ wn‡m‡e †c‡Z PvI? BZ¨vw`) wbqš¿‡Y Avb‡eb Ges Ab¨ wkky‡ì mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k †Lj‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| wkkyiv fv‡jv w`KMy‡jv Rvbyb Ges †mMy‡jv‡K wfwË K‡i Zvi cÖksmv Ki‡eb| Zv‡K GB wek¦vm w`‡Z n‡e †h, †KD Zv‡K AcQ›` K‡i bv| Gfv‡e hZw`b wkkyiv AvPiY cwieZ©b bv nq ZZw`b KvRwU Ki‡eb| Ab¨ Kv‡iv mv‡_ †Lj‡Z bv PvB‡j cÖ_g wKQzw`b wkÿK wb‡R wkkyi mv‡_ †Lj‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljvi DcKiY B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ wkky‡ì‡K hZ‡ewk ai‡bi DcKiY †Ìqv hv‡e Zviv ZZ †ewkfv‡e Kíbv K‡i m„Rbkxj KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e| GB DcKiYMy‡jv n‡Z n‡e AvKl©Yxq Ges •ewPÎ¨gq| B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨KwU we`¨vj‡q ch©vß cwigv‡Y DcKiY _vK‡Z n‡e| wkky‡ì myweav‡_© DcKiYMy‡jv PviwU Kb©v‡i mvRv‡bv _vKv evÃbxq| Kb©viMy‡jv n‡jv- Kíbvi Kb©vi, eøK I bvovPvovi Kb©vi, cvwb I evwji Kb©vi, eB I AuvKvi Kb©vi| cieZ©x c„ôvq Kb©vi Abyhvqx wewfbœ DcKi‡Yi bgybv ZvwjKv †Ìqv n‡jv| DcKiY msMÖn B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ DcKiYMy‡jv memgq evB‡i †_‡K bvI cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i ev AvswkKfv‡e cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| †m †ÿ‡Î wkÿK AwffveK‡ì mnvqZvq ¯ vbxqfv‡e hv mnRjf¨ ev •Zwi Kiv m¤¢e †m me DcKiY wewfbœ Kb©v‡i mieivn Kivi eë¯ v Ki‡eb| †hgb- gvwU w`‡q •Zwi nuvwo, cvwZj, Pzjv, cyZzj, Kv‡Vi eøK, euv‡ki UzKiv, cvZvi •Zwi wewfbœ euvwk, Pkgv, Nwo, cv_i, wewP, KvM‡Ri •Zwi gy‡Lvk, †evZ‡ji •Zwi SzbSzwb, †evZvg, `wojvd †Ljvi `wo BZ¨vw`| wkÿK AwffveK mgv‡e‡k AwfevK‡ì †Ljvb evwb‡q wb‡q Avmvi Aby‡iva K‡i wKsev mgv‡e‡k Zv‡ì w`‡q ¯ vbxq DcKiY eënvi K‡i wewfbœ †Ljbv •Zwi Kwi‡q †K‡›`ª wkky‡ì †Ljvi Rb¨ ivL‡Z cv‡ib| ZvQvov wkkyiv Pviy I Kviy K¬v‡m †h me DcKiY •Zwi Ki‡e ZvI wkÿv †K‡›`ª B‡‪Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i| wkÿK wb‡R D‡`¨vMx n‡q wewfbœ e¨w³‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i wkky‡ì †Ljvi Rb¨ eøK, cyZzj, jyWz, †Ljbv gvQ BZ¨vw` msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb- KvVwgw¯¿i m‡½ wKsev Kv‡Vi †`vKv‡bi m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i Kv‡Vi msMÖn K‡i eøK evbv‡bv wKsev e¨w³i KvQ †_‡K Aby`vb wn‡m‡e †Ljbv †bIqv BZ¨vw`|

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PviwU Kb©vi I DcKi‡Yi ZvwjKv Kb©vi I Kb©viwfwËK DcKiY Kíbvi Kb©vi 1. Gjywgwbqv‡gi/cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi ivbœv Kivi mvgMÖx (nuvwo-cvwZj, KovB, Pzjv) 2 †mU 2. GjywgwbqA‡gi/cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi Lvevi cwi‡ekb Kivi mvgMÖx (6wU _vjv, 6wU evwU, 6wU PvgP, 6wU Møvm) 3. gvwUi/Kv‡Vi/KvM‡Ri •Zwi AvmevecÎ (LvU, †Pqvi, †Uwej, Avjbv)- 2 †mU 4. cøvw÷‡Ki/gvwUi •Zwi †Uwj‡dvb 2wU, †gvevBj †mU 2wU 5. Kvc‡oi •Zwi cyZzj 4wU (2wU eo, 2wU †QvU) 6. Kvc‡oii •Zwi †Uwbm ej (4wU) 7. gvwUi •Zwi wewfbœ dj (Avg, Rvg, KuvVvj, wjPz, Kjv, Av‡cj, †cqviv, Kgjv, bvwi‡Kj, Zvj 8. cøvw÷‡Ki/gvwUi •Zwi wewfbœ †Ljbv (†Uwjwfkb, Mvwo, cky-cvwL) 9. gvwUi •Zwi wewfbœ wgwó mvgMÖx 10. KvM‡Ri •Zwi iwOb dzj 11. cv‡Ui/L‡oi •Zwi wewfbœ †Ljbv (cyZzj, wkKv, _‡j) 12. euvk/bvi‡Kj cvZv w`‡q •Zwi Szwo (4wU) 13. KvV/KvMR w`‡q †Ljbv ev`¨hš¿ 14. cøvw÷‡Ki/gvwUi •Zwi ckycvwL (2 †mU) 15. cøvw÷‡Ki/gvwUi •Zwi gvQ (10wU) 16. †ZZz‡ji/wm‡gi wewP (1 •eqvg) 17. euv‡ki/cv‡Ui KvwV (6 BwÂ j¤^v-100wU) 18. cøvw÷‡Ki/Kv‡Vi •Zwi Mvwo- UªvK-4wU 19. cøvw÷‡Ki/Kv‡Vi/KvM‡Ri/gvwUi •Zwi †b․Kv-4wU 20. bvi‡Kj cvZv/cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi nvZ Nwo-4wU 21. jvdv‡bvi Rb¨ `wo/B¯‥wcs †ivc-3wU 22. euv‡ki •Zwi euvwk cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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Kb©vi I Kb©viwfwËK DcKiY eøK I bvovPvovi Kb©vi 1. Kv‡Vi/cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi wewfbœ AvK…wZi eøK: • eM©vKvi- wewfbœ AvKv‡ii 30wU • AvqZvKvi-40wU • wÎfzRvKvi-20wU • Kjvg-20wU • wKDe-4 i‡Oi 400 • c¨vUvb© eøK-6 ai‡bi 6 i‡Oi 600 (eøK w`‡q gRvi †Ljv eBmn) 2. cv‡Rj: • 8 UzKiv cv‡Rj- 6wU • 12 UzKiv cv‡Rj- 6wU • 16 UzKiv cv‡Rj-6wU 3. web e¨vM- 5wU 4. †_ªwWs U‡qR (wewfbœ i‡Oi 40 wcQ)- 4wU 5. cøvw÷‡Ki/gvwUi •Zwi cky-cvwLi †mU-4 †mU 6. †evZvg- 1 •eqvg 7. †jBwms †evW© (wZb‡KvYv, Pvi‡KvYv, AvqZvKvi Zviv)- 4wU 8. Wwg‡bv (WU I msL¨v)- 4 †mU wewfbœ i‡Oi cv_i I wewP

Kb©vi I Kb©viwfwËK DcKiY eB I AuvKvi Kb©vi 1. M‡íi eB • Acyi weovj • †Kv_vq Avgvi gv • wUs Us Gi KvÐ • dzj †dvUvi Avb›` • gRvi gvgv • jvj †cvKvi Mí • PvPv evRv‡i hvb • eM©ivRv I wÎfzRivwb • †eov‡bvi GKw`b • Lywk GKw`b Kzmygcy‡i

Kb©vi I Kb©viwfwËK DcKiY evwj I cvwbi Kb©vi 1. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi Mvgjv (24 wjUvi)- 2wU 2. cvwb- Avav Mvgjv 3. evwj- Avav Mvgjv 4. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi wewfbœ i‡Oi evwU- 6wU 5. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi gvQ- 10wU 6. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi wewfbœ AvKv‡ii †evZj-6wU 7. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi †b․Kv- 4wU 8. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi dv‡bj- 4wU 9. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi QuvKwb- 2wU 10. wewfbœ i‡Oi †QvU †QvU cv_i (30-40wU) 11. †cu‡c Mv‡Qi WvUv 12. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi cvwb gvcvi †K․Uv BZ¨vw` 13. fv‡m Ges †Wv‡e Ggb cÖvK…wZK DcKiY

Gai‡bi Av‡iv A‡bK Qwei gva¨‡g M‡íi eB ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i 2. AuvKvi mvgMÖx • †µqb (wewfbœ i‡Oi) • †cwÝj- 30wU • KvMR- cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx 3. Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY • Qwe AuvKvi eB • e‡Y©i KvW© • msL¨vi KvW© 4. †gvUv KvM‡Ri •Zwi gy‡Lvk gyKzU Ges gy‡Lvk (4wU)

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L) wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv wb‡`©kbvi †Ljvi (Guided Play) ZvwjKv †Ljvi Rb¨ eivÏK…Z mgq we‡ePbvq †i‡L †gvU 20wU †Ljv AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| †LjvMy‡jv mnR †_‡K KwVb (Easy to Complex) GB wbqg Abymv‡i ch©vqµ‡g mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q| • †ijMvwo wSKwSK • Avqbv • †Zvgiv Kx me ej‡Z cvi • Kv‡K Zzwg eÜz PvI • iO †Quvqv • KvbvgvwQ †fuv †fuv • †b․Kv wb‡q †Ljv • I‡cbwU evB‡¯‥vc • Bu`yi-weovj • inm¨fiv _‡j • ¯§„wZi †Ljv • mvZKvnb • BwPs wewPs wPwPs Pv • hZ cv‡iv Zz‡j bvI • eb© †Pbvi †Ljv • cvwL D‡o • dzj †UvKv • AvK…wZ evbvB • ej‡Zv Kx fvewQ • G‡mv ej †Lwj we‡kl `ªóe¨ mnvwqKvq ewY©Z †Ljv Qvov wkÿK wewfbœ ¯ vbxq †LjvI wkky‡ì wb‡q †Lj‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †LjvMy‡jv †hb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡ii wkky‡ì eqm Dc‡hvMx nq Ges wkkyiv †hb mnvqK wbivc` cwi‡e‡k †Lj‡Z cv‡i| wb‡`©kbvi †Ljvi gva¨‡g wkkyi Kvw•ÿZ `ÿZvmg~n wkÿK wb‡`©wkKvq ewY©Z †Ljvi wbqgMy‡jv h_vh_fv‡e AbymiY K‡i †LjvMy‡jv wkky‡ì mwµq AskMÖn‡Y Kiv‡Z cvi‡j cÖZ¨ÿ I c‡ivÿfv‡e wb¤œwjwLZ `ÿZvMy‡jv AR©‡b mnvqK n‡e| 1. wbqwgZ nuvUvPjv, †`․ovb, †Ljv, kvixwiK KmiZ, wewfbœ Kv‡R AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cviv| 2. wewfbœ wRwbm ¯ ~j ev m~²fv‡e ai‡Z, AuvK‡Z I •Zwi Ki‡Z cviv| 3. wewfbœ Bw›`ª‡qi eënvi I mgš^q K‡i KvR Ki‡Z cviv| 4. eÜz I mgeqmx‡ì mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k †Lj‡Z cviv| 5. eÜz I mgeqmx‡ì cÖwZ mn‡hvwMZvi g‡bvfve cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cviv| 6. †g․wLK wb‡`©kbv (Av‡`k, Aby‡iva, Dc‡`k) AbymiY Ki‡Z cviv| 7. †Kv‡bv KvR kyiy Kivi c~‡e© g‡bv‡hvM I •`h© mnKv‡i cy‡iv wb‡`©kbv ky‡b Ki‡Z cviv| 8. †Kv‡bv `„k¨, e¯‧ ev NUbv ch©‡eÿY K‡i †Kv‡bv wKQz kbv³ I cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv| 9. cÖkœ Ki‡Z cviv Ges cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z cviv| 10. fve MÖnY ( †`Lv Ges †kvbv) I cÖKvk (ejvi ev kvixwiK A½fw½) Ki‡Z cviv| 11. Awfbq I A½fw½i gva¨‡g †Kv‡bv wKQz Dc¯ vcb Ki‡Z cviv| 12. Wvb-evg, †QvU-eo, Kg-†ewk, j¤^v-Lv‡Uv, †gvUv-wPKb, fvwi-nvj&Kv wPwýZ Ki‡Z cviv| 13. 1-10 ch©šÍ ev¯Íe DcKiY MYbv Ki‡Z cviv| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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14. is, AvKvi-AvK…wZ ( †Mvj, wZb‡KvYv, Pvi‡KvYv) Abyhvqx wewfbœ e¯‧ †kÖwYKiY Ki‡Z cviv| 15. †bZ…Z¡ †g‡b Pj‡Z cviv I fv‡jv Kv‡Ri cÖksmv Ki‡Z cviv| 16. ¯ vbxq †Ljvq Drmv‡ni m‡½ AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cviv| wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv cwiPvjbvq wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq evwl©K Ges mvßvwnK cvV cwiKíbv Abyhvqx wkÿK ch©vqµ‡g †LjvMy‡jv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| GB †LjvMy‡jv †Ljvi Rb¨ wkkyiv hv‡Z ¯^v‪Q‡›`¨ Pjv‡div- †QvUvQzwU Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ ch©vß cwigvY RvqMvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| ZvB †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡i wkkyiv †Lj‡Z cvi‡jB fv‡jv| Z‡e evB‡i RvqMvi Afve _vK‡j †kÖwYK‡ÿi †fZ‡iB †LjvMy‡jv Kiv‡Z n‡e| †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡i †Ljv n‡j †Ljv †k‡l cwi®‥vi-cwi‪Qbœ K‡i wkky‡ì †kÖwYK‡ÿ wb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e| wkky‡ì mv‡_ wkÿK wb‡RI †Ljvq AskMÖnY Ki‡eb| GB AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g wkÿK I wkky‡ì g‡a¨ m¤úK© mnR, fxwZnxb I eÜzZ¡c~Y© n‡e| wb‡`©wkKvq ewY©Z wbqgvbyhvqx wkÿK cÖwZwU †Ljv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| Z‡e me †Ljvi †ÿ‡Î wb‡¤œ ewY©Z wbqgmg~n wkÿK †g‡b Pj‡eb: • †Ljv cwiPvjbv Kivi Av‡M †Ljvi wb‡`©kbv c‡o †LjvwU cwiPvjbvi wbqg fv‡jvfv‡e AvqZ¡ K‡i wb‡eb| • DcKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Av‡M †_‡KB msMÖn K‡i ivL‡eb| • †Ljv kyiy Kivi Av‡M †Ljvi wbqgvewj wkky‡ì‡K cwi®‥vifv‡e eywS‡q ej‡eb Ges wb‡R †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q †LjvwU wkky‡ì w`‡q †Ljv‡eb| • †Ljvq me wkky hv‡Z AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡eb| • †h †Kv‡bv †Ljvi mgq wkky‡ì wbivcËvi wel‡q †Lqvj ivL‡eb| • †Kv‡bv †Ljv wkky‡ì Avq‡Z¡ G‡j Zv‡ì w`‡q †Ljv cwiPvjbv Kiv‡eb| ch©vµ‡g hv‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K wkky †Ljv cwiPvjbv Kivi my‡hvM cvq †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡eb|

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†Ljv - 1 : †ijMvwo wSK& wSK& †Ljvi wbqg • wkkyiv jvB‡b ùvwo‡q GKR‡bi Kuv‡` Av‡iKRb nvZ †i‡L j¤^v †ijMvwo evbv‡eb| • wkÿK gy‡L........... Òcuy-D-D-D-D-D-D wSK& wSK&Ó ej‡eb Ges †ijMvwo Pj‡Z _vK‡e| †ijMvwoi mvg‡b †h wkkywU _vK‡e †m n‡e BwÄb| BwÄb †hfv‡e A½fw½ K‡i †ijMvwo Pvjv‡e Abïv mevB GKB A½fw½ Ki‡e| wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q wewfbœ †÷k‡bi bvg †jLv KvW© _vK‡e, †hgb- bLcyi, Pzjcyi, ùvZcyi, Kvbcyi, †PvLcyi, bvKcyi BZ¨vw` bv‡gi †÷kb| wkÿK †ijMvwoi mvg‡b wM‡q GKwU KvW© DuPz K‡i ai‡eb I Zv †Rv‡i †Rv‡i co‡eb| †hgb- bLcyi †÷kb| KvW© †`Lvi ci wkky‡ì •Zwi †ijMvwo ax‡i ax‡i †÷k‡b G‡m _vg‡e| • †÷k‡b _vgvi ci wkÿK GK GK K‡i me wkkyi bL cixÿv Ki‡eb| hv‡ì b‡L gqjv Av‡Q ev bL eo Zv‡ì‡K †ijMvwo †_‡K †b‡g †h‡Z ej‡eb Ges wkkyiv jvBb †_‡K m‡i †÷k‡b ùvwo‡q _vK‡e| • Avevi wkÿK Òcuy-D-D-D-D-D-D wSK& wSK&Ó ej‡j †ijMvwo Avevi Pj‡Z kyiy Ki‡e| • Gfv‡e wkÿK G‡K G‡K me KvW© †`Lv‡eb Ges GKBfv‡e Zv‡ì cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv cixÿv Ki‡eb| hviv †÷kb cvi n‡Z cvi‡e A_©vr cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv ZvivB wRZ‡e| • wkkyiv †LjvwU‡Z Af¨¯Í n‡q †M‡j wkky‡ì ga¨ †_‡KB ch©vqµ‡g G‡KKRb‡K w`‡q †LjvwU cwiPvjbvi eë¯ v Ki‡eb| • †h me wkky †÷kb cvi n‡Z cv‡iwb Zv‡ì‡K cieZ©x w`‡bB cwi®‥vi-cwi‪Qbœ n‡q Avm‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb hv‡Z mKj †÷kb cvi n‡Z cv‡i| • GLv‡b K‡qKwU bgybv †÷k‡bi bvg †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK wkky‡ì cwi®‥vi-cwi‪QbœZvi welqwU we‡ePbvq G‡b AviI wewfbœ †÷k‡bi bvg eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

wbivcËv: wkkyiv †ijvMvwo evbv‡bvi I Pjvi DcKiY: Kvbcyi, bLcyi, Pzjcyi, `uvZcyi mgq G‡K A‡b¨i w`‡K Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡e BZ¨vw` †jLv KvW©| hv‡Z †KD AvNvZ bv cvq| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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†Ljv - 2 : Kv‡K Zzwg eÜz PvI †Ljvi wbqg • wkky‡ì mevB‡K wb‡q nvZ aivawi K‡i †Mvj n‡q ùvovb| †h †Kvb GKRb AvMÖnx wkky‡K e„‡Ëi gvSLv‡b wM‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| • Gevi e„‡Ë ùvov‡bv wkky‡ì wb‡`q nvZ †`vjv‡Z †`vjv‡Z wb‡Pi QovwU myi K‡i ej‡eb| gv‡S emv wkkywU Qovi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L Awfbq Ki‡e Ges K_v ej‡e| gvjv †Mv gvjv G‡mv Kwi †Ljv GKwU †g‡q e‡m Av‡Q Zvi †Kv‡bv eÜz †bB (gv‡Si wkkywU Kvbœvi fw½ Ki‡e) I‡Vv †Mv I‡Vv (gv‡Si wkkywU D‡V ùvov‡e) †Pv‡Li cvwb †gvQ (wkkywU †Pv‡Li cvwb gyQ‡e) nvZ w`‡q mvjvg K‡iv (wkkywU mevB‡K mvjvg Ki‡e) nv‡Z Kx? (wkkywU GKwU e¯‧i bvg ej‡e| †hgb: Kgjv) ÔKgjviÕ is Kx (wkkywU ZLb kã ej‡e| †hgb: njy`) GLb Kv‡K Zzwg eÜz PvI? (wkkywU Av‡iKRb wkky‡K †`wL‡q ej‡e- †Zvgv‡K) • gv‡Si wkkywU hv‡K eÜz evbv‡jv Zv‡K Gevi gvSLv‡b wM‡q em‡Z ej‡eb Ges GKB wbq‡g †LjvwU Pvwj‡q hvb| mevB hv‡Z gvSLv‡b hvIqvi my‡hvM cvq Ges wewfbœ dj ev dz‡ji bvg e‡j †mw`‡K jÿ ivL‡eb| • wkkyiv Qov ej‡Z cvi‡j Ges †LjvwU‡Z Af¨¯Í n‡q †M‡j wkky‡ì‡K w`‡qB †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

we‡kl `ªóe¨ wkkyiv hLb eY© ev Aÿ‡ii aviYv cv‡e ZLb e¯‧i cwie‡Z© eY© ev Aÿi w`‡q †LjvwU Kiv‡eb| †hgbnv‡Z Kx ? (wkkywU GKwU eY© ev Aÿ‡ii bvg ej‡e| †hgb: K) ÔKÕ w`‡q Kx nq ? (wkkywU ZLb kã ej‡e| †hgb: Kjv/Kgjv/Kjg) wbivcËv: we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡`©kbv †bB|

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†Ljv - 3 : †bŠKv wb‡q †Ljv †Ljvi wbqg •

wkky‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q ùvovb| Gevi Avcwb wkky‡ì ej‡eb †h- Òg‡b Ki Avgiv GKwU eo †b․Kvi g‡a¨ AvwQ| ZLb nVvr So Avm‡Q| GLb Avgv‡ì euvP‡Z n‡j K‡qKRb K‡i GKmv‡_ n‡Z n‡e| Avwg hZ msL¨v eje ZZRb K‡i †Zvgiv nvZ a‡i GKmv‡_ n‡e| hviv GKmv‡_ n‡Z cvi‡e bv Zviv Wz‡e hv‡e A_©vr †Ljv †_‡K ev` hv‡eÓ|

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Gfv‡e wewfbœ msL¨v e‡j †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| wkkyiv hLb †LjvwUi mv‡_ Af¨¯Í n‡q hv‡e, ZLb Zv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K KvD‡K †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z w`b| ch©vqµ‡g cÖ‡Z¨K wkky‡K †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Kivi my‡hvM w`‡eb| wbivcËv: GKmv‡_ fvM nIqvi mgq wkkyiv G‡K A‡b¨i w`‡K Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡e hv‡Z †KD e¨_v bv cvq|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

139

DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

†Ljv - 4 : inm¨fiv _‡j †Ljvi wbqg •

nv‡Zi Kv‡Q _vKv wewfbœ DcKiY ( †hgb- †QvU ej, †Uwbm ej, wewP, PvgP, †QvU cv_i, eøK, KvwV, B‡iRvi, †cwÝj BZ¨vw`) GKUv Kvc‡oi e¨vM ev _‡ji wfZi ivL‡eb| DcKiY wbe©vP‡bi mgq †Lqvj ivL‡eb- GMy‡jv †hb •ewPÎ¨c~Y© I wewfbœ AvKvi-AvK…wZi nq|

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wkky‡`i wb‡q †Mvj n‡q emyb| Gevi e„‡Ë emv †h †Kv‡bv GKRb wkkyi Kv‡Q wM‡q Zv‡K _‡ji g‡a¨ nvZ XzwK‡q GKwU wRwbm ai‡Z ej‡eb| jÿ ivL‡eb wkkywU †hb e¯‧wU †`L‡Z bv cv‡i Ges nvZ _‡j †_‡K bv †ei K‡i|

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wkkywU‡K cÖkœ Ki‡eb− ÔGwU w`‡q Kx K‡iÕ, Ôk³ bv bigÕ, ÔwK‡mi •ZwiÕ, Ô†Mvj bv j¤^vÕ BZ¨vw`|

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DËi ejvi ci mevB‡K e¯‧wU †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb Ges mwVK n‡j nvZZvwj w`‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

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Gfv‡e cÖ‡Z¨K wkky‡K wewfbœ DcKi‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖkœ K‡i †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| Ges ch©vqµ‡g cÖ‡Z¨K wkky‡K w`‡q †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

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cieZ©x‡Z _‡ji e¯‧ m¤ú‡K© Ab¨vb¨ wkky‡`i cÖkœ Ki‡Z w`‡eb|

wbivcËv: Ggb †Kvb DcKiY †`Iqv hv‡e bv †hUv DcKiY: †QvU ej, †Uwbm ej, wewP, PvgP, †QvU bv †`‡L bvovPvov Ki‡j/ ai‡j AvsMyj †K‡U cv_i, eøK, KvwV, jvwUg, †cwÝj, B‡iRvimn hvIqvi ev e¨_v cvIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| ¯ vbxqfv‡e msMÖn‡hvM¨ DcKiY| wkÿK mnvwqKv

140

†Ljv - 5 : BwPs wewPs wPwPs Pv †Ljvi wbqg • • • • • • • •

`yB Rb wkky‡K G‡K Ac‡ii cv‡q cv jvwM‡q gy‡LvgywL em‡Z ej‡eb| Ab¨ wkkyiv cÖ_‡g kyay cv‡qi Dci w`‡q jvwd‡q cvi n‡e| Gici †Rvo cv‡qi Dci cÖ_g GKR‡bi GK nvZ, Zvici `yB nvZ, Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g wZb Ges Pvi nvZ mshy³ n‡e| cÖwZwU D‪PZv mshy³ Kivi ci Gi Dci w`‡q Ab¨‡`i jvwd‡q cvi n‡Z n‡e| jvdv‡Z jvdv‡Z hvi cv †h av‡c ¯úk© Ki‡e †m †mLv‡b †_‡K AvDU n‡e| GBfv‡e †klch©šÍ hvi cvi n‡Z cvi‡e Zviv mdj n‡e| †h `yBRb e‡m wQj Zv‡`i‡K Gevi G‡K Ac‡ii cv ¯úk© K‡i gvSLv‡b wKQzUv duvKv †i‡L em‡Z ej‡eb| mdjfv‡e cvi n‡Z cviv †L‡jvqvoiv ch©vqµ‡g †Rvo cv‡qi Dci w`‡q Ny‡i Ny‡i jvdv‡e Ges ej‡eÔBwPs wewPs wPwPs Pv cÖRvcwZ D‡o hv|Õ Gfv‡e †LjvwU Pj‡Z _vK‡e| Ges ch©vqµ‡g me wkkyi GKevi K‡i Qov ejvmn jvdv‡bv n‡j †LjvwU †kl n‡e|

wbivcËv: jvdv‡bv mgq mZK© _vKv †hb AvNvZ bv jv‡M| `yBRb wkky‡K `xN©ÿY e‡m _vK‡Z nq e‡j Zv‡`i nvZ/ cv e¨_v n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB wkkyiv Amyweav †eva Ki‡j cÖ_g `yBRb‡K e`‡j Ab¨ `yBRb wkky‡K em‡Z ej‡Z n‡e| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

141

DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

†Ljv - 6 : cvwL D‡o †Ljvi wbqg •

wkky‡`i wb‡q G‡K Ac‡ii nvZ a‡i †Mvj n‡q `uvov‡eb|

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wkÿK hLb ej‡eb ÒKvK D‡oÓ ZLb wkkyiv `yÕnvZ cvwL Dovi g‡Zv K‡i †`vjv‡e| hLb ej‡e ÒnvwZ D‡oÓ ZLb nvZ bv DwV‡q `uvwo‡q _vK‡e|

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†h me cÖvYx D‡o †mMy‡jvi bvg ejvi ci nvZ †`vjv‡e, †hgb- KeyZi, Po‬B, gqbv, KvK, wPj BZ¨vw`| Avi †h me D‡o bv †mMy‡jvi bvg ejvi ci nvZ DVv‡j †Ljv †_‡K AvDU n‡q hv‡e| †hgb- nvwZ, Ni, †Uwej, eB BZ¨vw`|

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Gfv‡e wewfbœ Rxe, Rš‧ wRwbm Ges cvwLi bvg e‡j †LjvwU †Lj‡e| †hme wkky mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z cvi‡e Zv‡`i‡K Ab¨iv nvZZvwj w`‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡e|

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cÖ_g w`‡K wkÿK wb‡R †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| cieZ©x‡Z ch©vqµ‡g GKRb GKRb K‡i wkkyiv †LjvwU GKBfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡e| wbivcËv: we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡`©kbv †bB|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

142

†Ljv - 7 : ej‡Zv Kx fvewQ ? †Ljvi wbqg •

mevB‡K †Mvj n‡q `uvov‡Z ej‡eb| Avcwb wb‡R †Mv‡ji gvSLv‡b `uvov‡eb|

•

•

†h Av‡M ej‡Z cvi‡e Zv‡K Gevi Avcbvi RvqMvq Avm‡Z ej‡eb| GKBfv‡e †Kv‡bv wRwb‡mi K_v fve‡Z Ges †m m¤ú‡K© wKQz cÖkœ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| GKvwaKRb mwVK DËi w`‡j †h Av‡M DËi w`‡q‡Q Zv‡K gvSLv‡b Avmvi my‡hvM w`‡eb|

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cÖ_g w`‡b hviv gvSLv‡b Avmvi my‡hvM cvqwb, c‡ii w`b Zv‡`i mwVK DËi w`‡q gvSLv‡b Avm‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

G †LjvwU Awfb‡qi gva¨‡gI Kiv hvq: • †hgb- GKRb wkky‡K e„‡Ëi gvSLv‡b wb‡q Avm‡eb| Zv‡K ej‡jb †m †hb gy‡L †Kv‡bv K_v bv e‡j Awfbq ev A½fw½ K‡i wKQz †evSv‡bvi †Póv K‡i- hv †m g‡b g‡b †f‡e‡Q| Ab¨iv Zvi mwVK DËi w`‡Z †Póv Ki‡e| wbivcËv: we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡`©kbv †bB|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

143

†Ljv - 8 : Avqbv †Ljvi wbqg • • • • •

wkky‡ì U AvK…wZ‡Z em‡Z A_ev ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi ejyb- Avcwb hv Ki‡eb wkkyivI †hb ZvB AbyKiY K‡i| A_©vr Avcwb hw` nvZ Zvwj †`b wkkyivI nvZ Zvwj w`‡e| Avcwb hw` nvZ bvovb Zvn‡j wkkyivI nvZ bvov‡e| Gfv‡e Avcwb wKQzÿY †LjvwU K‡i †`Lv‡eb Gici †h †Kv‡bv GKRb wkky‡K Avcbvi RvqMvq wb‡q Avm‡eb| wkkywU‡K Zvi B‡‪Qg‡Zv K‡i A½fw½ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Abïv H wkkyi A½fw½ AbyKiY I AbymiY Ki‡e| ch©vqµ‡g me wkky‡K †LjvwU‡K cwiPvjbv Kivi my‡hvM w`‡eb| †h wkky †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡e †m Ggb ¯ v‡b ùvov‡e †hb Ab¨ wkkyiv Zv‡K †`L‡Z cvq| cÖ‡Z¨K wkky‡K ch©‡eÿ‡Yi mgq Zvi Kv‡Ri cÖksmv Ki‡eb| GgbwK †h wkky †Ljv cwiPvjbv Ki‡e Zv‡KI Ab¨ wkky‡ì Øviv cÖksmv Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

cÖ_gw`‡K Gfv‡eB †LjvwU Pj‡Z _vK‡e| wkkyiv Af¨¯Í n‡q †M‡j wkÿK G †LjvwU‡K AviI P¨v‡jwÄs Kivi Rb¨ GKUz wfbœfv‡e wb‡`©kbv w`‡eb| †hgb− • •

wkÿK wkky‡ì ej‡eb, Avwg gy‡L hv eje Zv †Zvgiv Ki‡e bv, Avwg Avm‡j hv Kie †Zvgiv Zv-B Ki‡e| Gici wkÿK gy‡L ej‡eb, ÔnvZ ZvwjÕ wKš‧ wZwb ZLb Zzwo evRv‡eb| wkky‡ì‡K Zzwo evRv‡Z n‡e| A_ev wkÿK gy‡L ej‡eb ÔbvK awiÕ wKš‧ wkÿK Pzj ai‡eb, wkky‡ì‡K Pzj ai‡Z n‡e| hviv mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv Zviv AvDU n‡q qv‡e| wbivcËv: wkky‡ì kix‡ii Rb¨ SuywKc~Y© †Kv‡bv A½fw½ Kiv hv‡e bv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

144

DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

†Ljv - 9 : iO †Quvqv †Ljvi wbqg • • • •

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`vM w`‡q gvwU‡Z eo GKUv e„Ë AuvK‡eb| wkky‡ì wb‡q e„‡Ëi gv‡S †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡eb| wgDwRK ev evRbv evRv‡bvi mv‡_ mv‡_ mevB‡K e„‡Ëi gv‡S B‡‪Qg‡Zv nuvU‡Z ej‡eb| ev`¨h‡š¿i eë¯ v bv _vK‡j SzbSzwb A_ev Zv‡j Zv‡j nvZZvwji gva¨‡g KvRwU Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkÿ‡Ki †gvevB‡j wgDwR‡Ki eë¯ v _vK‡j †mwUI eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wgDwRK ev evRbv _vgvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avcwb GKUv i‡Oi bvg ejyb| Gevi cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e H i‡Oi †h †Kvb wRwbm Quy‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK Av‡M †_‡KB wewfbœ i‡Oi wRwbm Qwo‡q wQwU‡q ivL‡eb| iO †Quvqvi Rb¨ GKUv mgq †eu‡a w`‡eb| hviv mg‡qi g‡a¨ Quy ‡Z cvi‡e bv Zviv ev` hv‡e| Avevi c~‡e©i g‡Zv evRbv evwR‡q †Ljv kyiy Ki‡eb Ges Ab¨ GKUv i‡Oi bvg ej‡eb| GKUv wRwbm GKR‡bi †ewk Quy‡Z cvi‡e bv Ggb wbqg †eu‡a †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z †LjvwU cÖwZ‡hvwMZvc~Y© n‡e| cÖ_gw`‡K wkky‡ì Lye cwiwPZ is †hgb- mv`v, jvj BZ¨vw` bvg ej‡eb| ch©vqµ‡g me i‡Oi bvg ej‡eb| cÖ_g cÖ_g K‡qKevi Avcwb wb‡R †Ljv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| Gi ci Avcwb wkky‡ì‡K w`‡q †Ljv cwiPvjbv Kiv‡eb| wbivcËv: iO Quy‡Z wM‡q Zvovnyov K‡i wkkyiv †hb e¨_v bv cvq †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

145

DcKiY: ev`¨hš¿ ev SzbSywb I wewfbœ i‡Oi e¯‧|

†Ljv - 10 : I‡cbwU evB‡¯‹vc †Ljvi wbqg • •

• •

†h †Kv‡bv `yBRb wkky‡K WvK‡eb| Zviv gy‡LvgywL ùvwo‡q nv‡Z nvZ jvwM‡q DuPz K‡i ai‡e| Abïv mvgvb¨ `~‡i Kuv‡` nvZ †i‡L jvB‡b ùvov‡eb| nvZ DuPz K‡i aiv `yÕRb wkky wb‡Pi QovwU Ave„wZ Ki‡Z _vKvi mg‡q jvB‡b ùvov‡bv wkkyiv H `yBRb wkkyi gvS w`‡q Nyi‡Z _vK‡e| I‡cbwU evB‡¯‥vc bvBb †Ub †ZB‡¯‥vc PzjUvbv weweqvbv mv‡ne wewei •eVKLvbv| mv‡ne e‡j‡Q †h‡Z, cvb mycvwi †L‡Z cv‡bi AvMvq †g․wi evUv, Bw¯úwis- Gi Pvwe AuvUv| hvi bvg †ibyevjv Zv‡i w`jvg gy-³v-i gvjv| QovwU Ave„wZ †k‡l nvZ DuPz Kiv wkky `yÕRb Ôgy-³v-i gvjvÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †h nv‡Zi wfZ‡i Avm‡e †mB wkkyi Mjvq gvjv civ‡bvi g‡Zv K‡i nvZ w`‡q AvUKv‡e| AvUKv‡bv wkkywU †Ljv †_‡K AvDU n‡e| AvDU nIqv wkky †MB‡Ui `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡e Ges †MB‡U `vwqZ¡ cvjbiZ wkky jvBb/†PB‡b hy³ n‡e|

wbivcËv: nv‡Zi wfZi AvUKv‡bvi mgq hv‡Z †PvL ev bv‡K e¨_v bv cvq| wkÿK mnvwqKv

146

DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

†Ljv - 11 : ¯§„wZi †Ljv †Ljvi wbqg • • • • •

wkkyiv †Mvj n‡q em‡e| wkÿK e„‡Ëi gvSLv‡b 4/5 wU DcKiY mvwR‡q †i‡L wkky‡ì‡K fv‡jvfv‡e †`L‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi GKRb wkky‡K Ab¨ Av‡iKRb wkkyi †PvL nvZ w`‡q ai‡Z ejyb †hb †m †`L‡Z bv cvq| (wkkywU‡K †PvL eÜ ivLvi wKsev Ab¨ w`‡K ZvwK‡q ZvKvi K_vI ejv †h‡Z cv‡i)| wkÿK Gici `ªyZ DcKiYMy‡jv `yB GKUv RvqMv e`j K‡i mvRv‡eb A_ev `yB GKUv ILvb †_‡K mwi‡q †dj‡eb| Gevi †PvL Ly‡j ILvb †_‡K †Kvb wRwbmMy‡jv miv‡bv n‡q‡Q wkkywU‡K †mMy‡jvi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb A_ev DcKiYMy‡jv Av‡M †hfv‡e mvRv‡bv wQj †mfv‡e mvRv‡Z ej‡eb| GKBfv‡e K‡qKevi †LjvwU †Ljv‡eb| wKQzUv Af¨¯Í n‡q †M‡j wkky‡ì ga¨ †_‡KB ch©vqµ‡g †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZw`b †hb GKB DcKiY eënvi Kiv bv nq †m w`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡eb| nv‡Zi Kv‡Q me wRwbm‡K GLv‡b DcKiY wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv hv‡e| wbivcËv: mZK©fv‡e wkky‡ì †PvL ai‡Z ejyb †hb DcKiY: nv‡Zi Kv‡Q †Pbv DcKiY; †hgb †Pv‡L e¨_v ev AvNvZ bv jv‡M| †cbwmj, Kjg, Mv‡Qi cvZv, LvZv, eB BZ¨vw`|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

147

†Ljv - 12 : hZ cv‡iv Zz‡j bvI †Ljvi wbqg • • • • • • • • •

gvSLv‡b GKwU e„Ë Gu‡K Zv‡Z wewfbœ ai‡bi DcKiY/wRwbm ivL‡eb| †hgb- wewfbœ ai‡bi cvZv, KvW©, eY©, msL¨v, eøK, Q°v, †¯‥j, †cwÝj, PK BZ¨vw`| wkky‡`i msL¨v Abyhvqx K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb (3/4/5)| e„Ë n‡Z mgvb `~i‡Z¡ cÖ‡Z¨KwU `‡ji Rb¨ GKwU K‡i RvqMv wVK K‡i w`‡eb Ges †Ljv kyiæi c~‡e© ¯^ ¯^ `j‡K †mLv‡b Ae¯ vb/A‡cÿv Ki‡Z ej‡eb| wkky‡`i‡K ej‡eb †h euvwk evRv‡bvi mv‡_ mv‡_ cÖwZwU `j †_‡K GKRb GKRb K‡i G‡m e„‡Ëi wfZi ivLv †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU DcKiY/wRwbm Zz‡j wb‡q Zvi wb‡Ri `‡j wd‡i hv‡e? †h wkkywU DcKiY/wRwbm †bqvi Rb¨ Avm‡e †m wkkywU `‡j wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ Ab¨Rb wbR Ni Z¨vM Ki‡e bv| euvwk evRv‡bvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Ljv kyiy n‡e| GKRb GKwUi †ewk DcKiY Avb‡Z cvi‡e bv| e„Ë †_‡K DcKiY †bIqv †kl nIqv ch©šÍ †Ljv Pj‡e| Gevi GK GK K‡i meMy‡jv `‡ji KvQ †_‡K wkÿK kyb‡e †Kvb `j KZ ai‡bi I KZMy‡jv wRwbm ev DcKiY wb‡q‡Q| wkkyiv MYbv Ki‡e Ges msM„nxZ DcKi‡Yi msL¨v I bvg ej‡e| wkÿK cÖ‡qvR‡b mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb| †h `j hZ ai‡bi Ges hZ †ewk DcKiY/wRwbm Zz‡j‡Q †mB `jB weRqx n‡e|

wbivcËv: we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡`©kbv †bB| wkÿK mnvwqKv

DcKiY: wewfbœ ai‡bi cvZv, KvW©, eY©, msL¨v, eøK, Av‡kcv‡ki wewfbœ †QvU †QvU e¯‧|

148

†Ljv - 13 : dzj †UvKv †Ljvi wbqg • • •

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wkkyiv `yBwU `‡j fvM n‡q gy‡LvgywL `yÕjvB‡b em‡e| `yB jvB‡bi gvSLv‡b h‡_ó duvKv _vK‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K `j wb‡Riv GKRb K‡i `j‡bZv wbe©vPb Ki‡e| `j‡bZvØq wbR wbR `‡ji cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki GKwU K‡i my›ì bvg ivL‡e †hgb GKRb ivL‡e cvwLi bv‡g bvg, Avevi Ab¨`j dz‡ji bv‡g bvg BZ¨vw`| Z‡e GK`‡ji m`m¨‡ì bvg Ab¨`‡ji m`mïv Rvb‡Z cvi‡e bv| GK`‡ji †bZv Ab¨ `‡ji †h †Kv‡bv GKR‡bi wcQ‡b ùvwo‡q †Pv‡Li Dci nvZ Pvcv w`‡q ai‡e| wb‡Ri `‡ji GKRb‡K bZzb †Ìqv bvg a‡i WvK‡e| †hgb, ÒAvq‡i Avgvi †Mvjvc dzjÓ| hvi bvg a‡i WvK‡e †m G‡m hvi †Pv‡L nvZ Pvcv w`‡q aiv n‡q‡Q, Zvi Kcv‡j Av½yj w`‡q †UvKv (g„`y ¯úk©) w`‡q wb‡Ri RvqMvq wM‡q em‡e| emvi ci `‡ji mevB nvZ Zvwj w`‡q| `j‡bZv †Pv‡Li Dci nvZ Pvcv †Q‡o w`‡q †K †UvKv w`‡q‡Q Zvi bvg ej‡Z ej‡e| hw` ej‡Z cv‡i Z‡e †m `yÕcv‡qi Dci fi K‡i GK jv‡d hZUzKz `~iZ¡ AwZµg Kiv hvq Zv AwZµg K‡i †mLv‡b wM‡q em‡e| ej‡Z bv cvi‡j †h †UvKv w`‡q‡Q †m GKjv‡d hZUyKz `~iZ¡ AwZµg Kiv hvq jvd w`‡q †mLv‡b wM‡q em‡e| cybivq Ab¨ `‡ji `j‡bZv GKB wbq‡g wecÿ `‡ji GKR‡bi †Pv‡L nvZ Pvcv w`‡q ai‡e| Gfv‡e GKB wbq‡g †Ljv Pj‡e| • †Lj‡Z †Lj‡Z †h `j Ab¨ `‡ji cÖ_g emvi ¯ v‡b wM‡q Av‡M †cu․Qv‡Z cvi‡e †m `jB †Ljvq weRqx n‡e|

we‡kl `ªóe¨: †h wkky‡K bvg ej‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †mQvov Ab¨ wkkyiv hv‡Z bvg e‡j bv †`q wkÿK †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡eb| wbivcËv: †PvL aiv, †UvKv †`Iqv Ges jvd †`Iqvi †ÿ‡Î †hb e¨_v bv cvq †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

149

DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

†Ljv - 14 : G‡mv ej †Lwj †Ljvi wbqg • • • • • • • • •

•

wkky‡ì‡K Lye KvQvKvwQ †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi Avcwb wb‡R †Mv‡ji (e„‡Ëi) gvSLv‡b GKwU †QvU AvKv‡ii ej wb‡q ùvov‡eb| Avcbvi wVK mvg‡bi Rb‡K ejwU Quy‡o (†_ªv Kiv) w`‡eb †hb †m mn‡RB K¨vP ai‡Z cv‡i| †h wkkywU K¨vP aij Zv‡K Zvi cv‡ki Rb‡K ejwU cvm w`‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e 2 ev 3 Rb‡K cvm †Ìqvi ci Z…Zxq ev PZz_© Rb‡K Avevi ejwU Avcbvi Kv‡Q Quy‡o gvi‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi Avcwb Gi c‡ii R‡bi Kv‡Q ejwU †_ªv Ki‡eb| Gfv‡e †LjvwU‡K wKQzÿY Pvwj‡q wb‡eb| Gici ejwU Avcbvi Kv‡Q wbb| GKRb‡K wbw`©ó K‡i ev †W‡K Zvi Kv‡Q ejwU cv w`‡q gvwU‡Z Mov‡bv cvm w`b| Zv‡K cv w`‡qB ejwU wiwmf Ki‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b Kxfv‡e Avj&‡Zv K‡i ej wiwmf Ki‡Z nq Zv K‡qKevi mevB‡K †`wL‡q w`‡eb| ej wiwmf Kiv wkkywU‡K wVK GKBfv‡e Avcbvi Kv‡Q cvm w`‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e wkkyi mv‡_ K‡qKevi ej cvm I wiwm‡fi †LjvwU †Lj‡eb| cÖ_gw`‡K e„ËwU †QvU K‡i Lye KvQvKvwQ ùvov‡eb| GKUz Af¨¯Í n‡q †M‡j e„Ë eo K‡i w`‡eb| †LjvwU‡K cÖwZ‡hvwMZvc~Y© Kivi Rb¨ †h K¨vP ai‡Z cvi‡e bv ev cvm wiwmf Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv Zv‡K AvDU †NvlYv Ki‡eb| Gevi e„‡Ëi gvSLv‡b GKwU cvÎ (Szwi/evjwZ) ivLyb| Gici mdUejwU‡K e„‡Ëi gv‡S _vKv cvÎwU‡Z †dj‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ_‡g Lye KvQ †_‡K Ges cieZ©x‡Z ch©vµ‡g e„‡Ëi `~iZ¡ evwo‡q †LjvwU‡K AvKl©Yxq K‡i Zzj‡eb|

wbivcËv: ej aivi mgq wkkyiv hv‡Z e¨_v bv cvq †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e| wkÿK mnvwqKv

150

DcKiY: mdUej/ †QvU AvKv‡ii dzUej|

†Ljv-15 : †Zvgiv Kx me ej‡Z cv‡iv? †Ljvi wbqg • • •

• •

wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡eb| wkÿK mevB‡K †Ljvi wbqg e‡j w`‡eb| Gici Zvwj I Zzwo evRv‡bvi ZvjwU K‡qKevi K‡i †`wL‡q w`‡eb| GKRb `j‡bZv n‡e| `j‡bZv 1, 2, 3, 4 e‡j †Ljv ïiæ Ki‡e| †Ljvi mgq mevB GKmv‡_ `yBwU K‡i Zvwj Ges `yBwU K‡i Zzwo w`‡e| Zvwj †`qvi mgq †KD K_v ej‡Z cvi‡e bv| ïay Zzwo †Ìqvi mgq ej‡e| `j‡bZv : †Zvgiv Kx me (`yB Zvwj) ej‡Z cv‡iv (`yB Zvwj) GKwU K‡i (`yB Zvwj) dz‡ji bvg (`yB Zvwj) †hgb a‡iv (`yB Zvwj) †Mv ----- jv ----- c (`yB Zvwj) †hgb a‡iv (`yB Zvwj) Gevi Ab¨Rb ej‡e : e ----- Ky ------ j (`yB Zvwj) `j‡bZv : †hgb a‡iv (`yB Zvwj) c‡iiRb ej‡e: nvmbv -------- †nbv Gfv‡e †LjvwU Pj‡Z _vK‡e| Zv‡j Zv‡j ejvi mgq hw` †KD dz‡ji bvg ej‡Z fyj K‡i ZLb `j‡bZv welq cwieZ©b K‡i dj, gvQ, mewR, cvwL wKsev cï BZ¨vw` †h‡Kv‡bv wel‡qi bvg AšÍf³ y© Ki‡Z cv‡ib| cÖ_‡g Avcwb `j‡bZv n‡q †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| wkïiv †LjvwU‡Z Af¨¯Í n‡q hIqvi ci Zv‡ì cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z w`‡eb| wbivcËv : we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡`©kbv †bB|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

151

†Ljv-16: KvbvgvwQ †fuv †fuv †Ljvi wbqg • •

• •

cÖ_‡gB GKRb‡K KvbvgvwQ wbe©vPb Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î Av‡jvPbvi gva¨g A_ev jUvwi ev U‡mi gva¨‡g KvbvgvwQ wbe©vPb Kiv hv‡e| †Ljv ïiæ‡Z iægvj w`‡q KvbvgvwQi †PvL eÜ K‡i w`‡eb| Ggbfv‡e †PvL eÜ Ki‡eb hv‡Z †m †`L‡Z bv cvq| Zvici KvbvgvwQ‡K GK P°i Nywi‡q gv‡Vi gvSLv‡b †Q‡o w`‡eb| Gevi Ab¨ †L‡jvqvoiv Pviw`K †_‡K KvbvgvwQ‡K †UvKv w`‡Z †Póv Ki‡e Avi ej‡Z _vK‡e KvbvgvwQ †fuv †fuv hv‡i cvm Zv‡i †Quv KvbvgvwQ KvD‡K ai‡Z A_ev Qzu‡Z cvi‡j Avi †PvL eÜ Ae¯ vq Zvi bvg ej‡Z cvi‡j †mB †L‡jvqvowU ZLb KvbvgvwQ n‡q hv‡e| Avi ej‡Z bv cvi‡j ev fyj ej‡j †m-B Avevi KvbvgvwQ n‡e| Gfv‡e †Ljv Pj‡Z _vK‡e|

wbivcËv: KvbvgvwQi †QvL euvav I †Quvqvi mgq †hb DcKiY: iægvj, Iobv ev Kvco| AvNvZ bv cvq †mw`‡K `„wó ivL‡Z n‡e| wkÿK mnvwqKv

152

†Ljv-17: Bu`yi-weovj †Ljvi wbqg • • • • • • •

wkï‡ì nvZ aivawi K‡i GKwU e„Ë •Zwi Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì ga¨ †_‡K Um ev jUvwii gva¨‡g GKRb‡K Bu`yi I GKRb‡K weovj wbe©vPb Ki‡eb| evwKiv nvZ aivawi K‡i †Mvj ùvov‡e| Bu`yi †Mv‡ji gvSLv‡b Ges weovj e„‡Ëi evB‡i _vK‡e| Avcwb euvwk evwR‡q A_ev ÷vU© e‡j †Ljv ïiæi ms‡KZ w`‡eb| ms‡K‡Zi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Ljv Avi¤¢ n‡e| weovj Bu`yi‡K avIqv Ki‡e| Bu`yi wb‡R‡K iÿvi Rb¨ e„‡Ëi evB‡i Ges wfZ‡i hvIqv Avmv ev †`․ov‡`․wo Ki‡e| Bu`yi wfZi evB‡i †`․ov‡`¨wo Kivi mgq e„‡Ëi †L‡jvqvoiv nvZ DuPz K‡i evB‡i hvIqvi I wfZ‡i †XvKvi Rb¨ mvnvh¨ Ki‡e Ges weovj‡K evav †Ìqvi †Póv Ki‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K wkï GKevi weovj n‡e I GKevi Bu`yi n‡e|

wbivcËv: weovj‡K evav †`Iqvi mgq mZK© DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB| _vKv, †hb †KD e¨_v bv cvq| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

153

†Ljv-18: mvZKvnb †Ljvi wbqg • • • • • • • • • • •

wkï‡ì‡K jUvwii gva¨‡g `yB `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| cÖwZ `‡j mvZRb _vK‡e| wPÎ Abyhvqx `yB `‡ji Rb¨ `ywU eo e„ËvKvi Ni Ges eo e„ËvKvi N‡ii mvg‡b mgvb `~i‡Z¡ ci ci mvZwU ¯úU (†QvU e„ËvKvi Ni) AuvK‡Z n‡e| cÖwZwU eo N‡i mvZwU K‡i ¸wU ivLv _vK‡e| `yB `‡ji wkïiv Zv‡ì wbR wbR eo N‡ii †cQ‡b Ae¯ vb Ki‡e| wkÿK‡ì †Ìqv ms‡K‡Zi m‡½ m‡½ `yB`j GKm‡½ †Ljv ïiæ Ki‡e| eo Ni †_‡K GKwU GKwU K‡i ¸wU wb‡q †QvU Ni¸‡jv‡Z emv‡Z n‡e| ¸wU †bIqvi mgq Ges emv‡bvi mgq Aek¨B em‡Z n‡e| GKRb ¸wU wb‡q †QvU N‡i ewm‡q wd‡i Avmvi ci Ab¨Rb ¸wU emv‡Z †h‡Z cvi‡e| me¸‡jv N‡i ¸wU emv‡bv †kl n‡j GKB wbqg AbymiY K‡i †QvU Ni †_‡K eo N‡i ¸wU Avb‡Z n‡e| †hB `j Av‡M KvR †kl Ki‡Z cvi‡e †mB `j weRqx n‡e| ch©vqµ‡g `‡ji cÖwZwU m`m¨‡K AskMÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡kl `ªóe¨: wkïiv msL¨v †ewk n‡j `yB Gi AwaK `j evbv‡Z n‡e Ges GKBfv‡e eo I †QvU e„ËvKvi Ni I ¸wUi eë¯ v Ki‡Z n‡e|

wbivcËv: `ywU `‡ji g‡a¨ ch©vß `~iZ¡ _vK‡e, †hb ci¯úi DcKiY: PK cvDWvi, ¸wU| av°v bv jv‡M| wkÿK mnvwqKv

154

†Ljv-19 : eY© †Pviv †Ljv †Ljvi wbqg • • • •

wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡eb| mevB‡K GKwU K‡i e‡Y©i KvW© w`‡eb| eY© KvW© †Ìqvi mgq wkÿK Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡eb †hb †h KvW©¸‡jv wkÿv_x©‡ì nv‡Z †Ìqv n‡q‡Q GB eY©¸wji mv‡_ B‡Zvg‡a¨ wkÿv_x©iv cwiwPZ n‡q‡Q| Gevi Avcwb GKwU cwiwPZ kã D‪PviY Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡ì g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q ïb‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b kã KvW© •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì †`Lv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| Gevi †h kãwU D‪PviY K‡i‡Qb †mB k‡ãi cÖ_g eY©wU hv‡ì Kv‡Q Av‡Q Zv‡ì‡K nvZ Zzj‡Z ej‡eb| †hgb ej‡eb ÒKjgÓ| Gfv‡e wewfbœ cwiwPZ kã D‪PviY Ki‡eb I jÿ ivL‡eb hv‡Z wkïiv mevB eY© kbv³ Kivi my‡hvM cvq| wkïiv hLb †Ljvi mv‡_ Af¨¯Í n‡q hv‡e ZLb Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K KvD‡K †Ljv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z w`‡eb|

wbivcËv: we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡`©kbv †bB|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

DcKiY: eY© KvW©|

155

†Ljv-20 : AvK…wZ evbvB †Ljvi wbqg • • • • • •

wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb †hb cÖwZwU `‡j Kgc‡ÿ 8 Rb wkï _v‡K| wkÿK c~‡e©B †Mvj, Pvi‡KvYv Ges wZb‡KvY AvK…wZi KvW© •Zwi K‡i ivL‡eb| wkÿK hLb †mB KvW© †`Lv‡eb cÖwZwU `j nv‡Z nvZ †i‡L †mB AvK…wZ •Zwi Ki‡e| †hB `j Av‡M AvK…wZ •Zwi Ki‡e Zv‡ì cÖksmv Ki‡eb| KvW© QvovI †Mvj, Pvi‡KvY Ges wZb‡KvYv gy‡L e‡jI †LjvwU †Ljv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkïiv hLb †Ljvq Af¨¯Í n‡e ZLb Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K ch©vqµ‡g †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i|

wbivcËv: we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡`©kbv †bB|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

DcKiY: wewfbœ AvK…wZi KvW©|

156

Ab¨vb¨ KvR I cÖ‡R± IqvK© (cwi‡ek, weÁvb, cÖhyw³, ¯^v¯’¨, wbivcËv I mgvcbx) cwi‡ek hv wb‡q Avgv‡`i cwi‡ek Avgvi wcÖq wRwbm¸‡jv

weÁvb wK n‡‪Q †Kb n‡‪Q

¯^v¯’¨ Avgvi kixi

wbivcËv wbivcËv

†i․`ª Qvqvi †Ljv

cÖhyw³ mvaviY miÄvgvw` I hš¿cvwZ Ny‡i †eovB hvbevn‡b

•`bw›`b ¯^v¯ ¨ welqK K_KZv

muvZvi

dm‡ji gvV, b`x, cvnvo, eb, mvMi Avgvi Kv‡Qi gvbyl¸‡jv

fvmv †Wvevi †Ljv

cÖPwjZ I cwiwPZ cÖhyw³

n‡iK iKg Lvevi `vevi

c_ Pwj wbqg †g‡b

evZv‡m cvZv b‡o Ges †gN †_‡K e„wó nq myBP wUc‡j evwZ R¡‡j Ro I Rxe

Avgiv mevB KvQvKvwQ

wbivc` cvwb

iv¯Ív cvivcv‡ii †Ljv wec‡` Avwg fq Kwi bv nqivwb I wbhv©Zbg~jK AvPiY

Avgvi wcÖq cÖvYx Avgvi mviv w`b: w`‡bi wewfbœ Ask MÖx®§, el©v Ges Dw™¢` I cÖvYx kxZKvj e„wó, So, eb¨v, f~wgK¤ú evwo I we`¨vjq ivL‡ev cwi‪Qbœ MvQcvjv I cïcvwL Avgvi eÜz

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

Lvevi Av‡M I c‡i wekªvg Amy¯Z   v

157

mgvcbx D‡jøL‡hvM¨ KvR wb‡q Av‡jvPbv wkï‡`i †_‡K Rvbv

cÖ‡R± IqvK© cwi®‥vi cwi‪Qbœ mßvn

ex‡Ri A¼z‡iv`Mg cÖwµqv wkï‡ì nvwRiv Avgv‡ì cQ‡›ì dzj, dj, mewR I gvQ †kªwYKÿ ¸wQ‡q ivLv nvZ †avqv we`vq Rvbv‡bv

cwi‡ek (K) hv wb‡q Avgv‡ì cwi‡ek wkLbdj: 6.1.1 Pvicv‡ki cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ Dcv`vb (†hgb-gvwU, cvwb, evZvm, MvQ, dzj, dj, gvQ, cvwL, cky, m~h©, Puv`, hvbevnb BZ¨vw`) wPb‡Z I bvg ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: wd¬c PvU©, Avgvi eB| c×wZ: • wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| AZtci Zv‡ì ej‡eb, ÒAvR Avgiv Avgv‡ì we`¨vj‡qi Av‡kcv‡k Kx Kx wRwbm Av‡Q Zv †`Le|Ó • GKv‡Ri Rb¨ wkï‡ì mevB‡K †kªwYK‡ÿi evB‡i wb‡q hv‡eb| †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e wkïiv †hb Lye †ewk `~‡i bv hvq Ges †QvUvQzwU bv K‡i| wkïiv cÖ‡Z¨‡K Av‡kcv‡k hv wKQz †`‡L‡Q Zv g‡b ivL‡Z ej‡eb| †`Lv †kl n‡j †kªwYK‡ÿ wdwi‡q Avb‡eb| • Gevi wkï‡ì ej‡eb †Zvgiv hv wKQz †`‡LQ Zv GKRb GKRb K‡i e‡jv| wkï‡ì DËi †ev‡W© wj‡L GKwU ZvwjKv •Zwi Ki‡eb| ZvwjKvwU wkï‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ c‡o †kvbv‡eb| • Gevi cÖ_‡g Avgvi eB‡qi 83 c„ôvi wPÎ ÔAvgvi cwi‡ekÕ Ges c‡i PvU© Gi c„ôv 1, 2 I 3 cÖ`k©b K‡i Av‡kcv‡ki MvQcvjvi cvkvcvwk gvQ, cïcvwL, m~h©, Puv`, hvbevnb, gvwU, cvwb I evZvm †m Av‡Q Zv gy‡L ej‡Z ej‡eb| • we`¨vj‡qi Av‡kcv‡k wkïiv hv †`‡L‡Q Zvi GKwU K‡i Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| AuvKv †k‡l Qwe †`qv‡j jvMv‡bv KvM‡R AvVv w`‡q jvMv‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e GKwU eo †cv÷vi •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb| †cv÷viwU †`qv‡j Szwj‡q w`‡eb| (L) Avgvi wcÖq wRwbm¸‡jvwkLbdj: 6.1.4 wb‡Ri evwoi Ges we`¨vj‡qi wRwbmcÎ wPb‡e Ges G¸‡jvi cÖwZ hZ¥kxj n‡e| DcKiY: KvMR, †cwÝj, †µqb BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Zvi wb‡Ri eënvi Kiv me‡P‡q wcÖq wRwb‡mi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb| †ev‡W© wkïi bvg wj‡L Zvi cv‡k wkïwUi wcÖq wRwb‡mi bvg wjL‡eb| mK‡ji ejv †kl nIqvi ci †ev‡W©i ZvwjKvwU wkï‡ì c‡o ïbv‡eb| wRwbm¸‡jv †Kb Zv‡ì wcÖq Zv K‡qKRb wkï‡K cÖkœ K‡i Rvb‡Z Pvb| Kxfv‡e wRwbm¸‡jv‡K Zviv hZœ K‡i ZvI Rvb‡Z Pvb| GKBfv‡e wkïi evwo‡Z Avi Kx Kx wRwbm Av‡Q Zvi GKwU ZvwjKv Ki‡eb| `yGKUv wRwbm ZvwjKv †_‡K wb‡q Zvi eënvi m¤ú‡K© wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb| †hgb-†KD †Pqvi ej‡j †Pqvi Avgiv Kx Kv‡R eënvi Kwi Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| wRwbm¸‡jv †h‡nZz Avgv‡ì A‡bK Kv‡R jv‡M ZvB G¸‡jv‡K fv‡jvfv‡e hZœ Kivi wel‡q wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb Ges Kxfv‡e hZœ Ki‡Z nq Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì‡K Zv‡ì wcÖq wRwbm¸‡jvi Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

158

we`¨vj‡q wkï‡ì eëüZ wewfbœ wRwbmcÎ ch©‡eÿY K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Kgc‡ÿ 2wU K‡i wRwbmc‡Î wPÎ AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| wkïi AuvKv wPÎ¸‡jv †ev‡W© jvwM‡q w`‡q we`¨vj‡qi eëüZ wRwbmc‡Îi GKwU cÖ`k©bx Ki‡eb| †Kvb wRwbm Kx Kv‡R eëüZ nq Zv wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb| wewfbœ wRwbm †_‡K †Kvb GKwU wRwbm wb‡q Gevi wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb wRwbmwU Zvi wb‡Ri, evwoi bvwK we`¨vj‡qi| Gfv‡e cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K w`‡q Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e †R‡b wbb wRwbm¸‡jv Zvi wb‡Ri bv evwoi bv we`¨vj‡qi| wkïi DË‡ii Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Kiæb Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b wdWe¨vK w`‡eb| Gfv‡e †kªwYi Kvh©µg mgvß Ki‡eb| (M) dm‡ji gvV, b`x, cvnvo, eb, mvMi wkLbdj: 6.1.2 dm‡ji gvV, b`x, cvnvo, eb, mgy`ª wPb‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: Avgvi eB, wd¬U PvU©, KvMR I †cwÝj| c×wZ: wkï‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Zvi LvZv KvM‡R †cwÝj †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges b`xi wPÎ AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì AuvKv b`xi wPÎ ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb| jÿ Ki‡eb wkïiv b`xi wPÎ A¼b K‡i‡Q wKbv| †Kv‡bv GKRb wkÿv_©xI hw` b`x I Gi Av‡kcv‡k Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wKQz Gu‡K _v‡K Z‡e †m Kx Kx Gu‡K‡Q Zv cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wb‡eb| PK †ev‡W© b`xi Qwe AuvK‡eb| b`xi Av‡kcv‡k Kx Kx _A‡K Zv wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K Rvb‡Z Pvb| wkïiv hv e‡j Zv †ev‡W©i Qwe‡Z ch©vqµ‡g †hvM Ki‡Z _vK‡eb| hw` †Kvb wkïi dm‡ji gvV, eb, cvnvo ev mvM‡ii K_v e‡j Zvn‡j Zvi Qwe AuvK‡eb Ges Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| hw` wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K bvI Av‡m wb‡R Qwe Gu‡K G¸‡jvi m‡½ wkï‡ì cwiwPZ Kwi‡q w`‡eb| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g wkï‡ì dm‡ji gvV, eb, cvnvo I mvM‡ii m‡½ cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡eb| Gevi cÖ_‡g Pv‡U© i c„ôv 4 I 5 dm‡ji gvV, b`x, cvnvo, eb, mvM‡ii Qwe †`wL‡q wkï‡ì e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Avgvi eB c„ôv 84 Gi Qwe †`Lv‡bvi mgq cvnvo †_‡K b`x dm‡ji †ÿZ Ges e‡bi ga¨ w`‡q mvM‡i wM‡q wg‡k welqwU M‡íi g‡Zv K‡i wkï‡ì ej‡eb| wkï‡ì‡K Zv‡ì B‡‪Qg‡Zv b`x, †LZ, eb, cvnvo I mvM‡ii Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| (N) Avgvi Kv‡Q gvbyl¸‡jvwkLbdj: 6.1.5 cwiev‡i m`m¨ I wbKU AvZ¥xq‡ì (gv, evev, fvB-†evb, `v`v-`vw`, bvbv-bvwb, gvgv-gvwg, PvPv-PvwP, Lvjv-Lvjy, dzcv-dzcy) m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: KvMR, †cwÝj, †µqb/is †cwÝj BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: wkï‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Zvi cwiev‡ii wPÎ AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì AuvKv Qwe¸‡jv eY©bv Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Zv‡ì AuvKv Qwe‡Z †K †K Av‡Q Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| fvB-†evb KZRb Ges †m Abyhvqx Qwe Gu‡K‡Q wKbv ZvI hvPvB Ki‡eb| jÿ ivL‡Z n‡e †Kvb wkïi evev ev gv ev fvB-†evb bv _vK‡Z cv‡i †m‡ÿ‡Î wkï hv AuvK‡e cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

159

ev hvi K_v ej‡e †mfv‡eB cwiev‡ii m`m¨ we‡ePbv Ki‡eb| GB cv‡Vi D‡Ïk¨ wkïi cwiev‡ii mwVK Z_¨ †ei Kiv bq eis wkï‡ì cwievi I wbKU AvZ¥x‡qi aviYv †Ìqv| evev, gv, fvB-†evb Qvov evwo‡Z `v`v`vw` ev Ab¨ †KD _vK‡j Zv‡ì m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb | GKBfv‡e wkï‡ì m‡½ evwo‡Z _v‡K bv wKšÍy Zv‡ì evwo‡Z Av‡m Ges Zv‡K Avì K‡i Ggb Kv‡iv bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì aviYvi m‡½ wgj †i‡L ch©©vqµ‡g Ab¨vb¨ wbKU AvZ¥xq‡ì wkï‡ì m‡½ cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡eb| wkï‡K Zvi evev-gv Qvov Avi †K †ewk Avì K‡i Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| Gevi wkï‡K Zvi wcÖq gvbylwU Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| (O) Avgvi wcÖq cÖvYxwkLbdj: 6.1.6 wbKU cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ cÖvYxi (3wU) mvaviY •ewkó¨ D‡jøL Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: wd¬c PvU©, KvMR, †cwÝj, †µqb/is †cwÝj| c×wZ: †kªwYi wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡Z ej‡eb Ges ej‡eb AvR Avgiv Avgv‡ì Pvicv‡ki wewfbœ cÖvYx †hgb-nuvm, gyiwM, Miæ, QvMj, gvQ BZ¨vw` wb‡q GKUv gRvi KvR Kie| wkï‡ì wZbwU `‡j fvM Kiæb| wZbwU `j‡K wZbwU cÖvYx (Miæ, gyiwM I gvQ) wb‡q fve‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì fvebvq mnvqZv Ki‡Z Zv‡ì †QvU †QvU cÖkœ Ki‡eb †hgb-Miæi KqwU cv? gvQ †Kv_vq _v‡K? gyiwM Kx Lvq? BZ¨vw`| c‡i wkï‡ì Zv‡ì fvebv¸‡jv ej‡Z ej‡eb| G‡ÿ‡ÎI †QvU †QvU cÖkœ K‡i wkï‡ì mnvqZv Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i GB wZbwU cÖvYxi Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb Ges Qwe m¤ú‡K© Zv‡ì ej‡Z ej‡eb| wd¬c Pv‡U©i c„ôv 6 Gi QwewU wkï‡ì †`Lvb| m¤¢e n‡j evB‡i wM‡q mwZ¨Kv‡ii cÖvYxI †`Lv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| Gevi Pv‡U©i Qwe Abyhvqx wkï‡ì wba©vwiZ cÖvYx m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z ej‡eb Ges wb‡R we¯ÍvwiZ ejyb| †QvU †QvU cÖkœ K‡i wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K Zv‡ì gZvgZ †R‡b wb‡eb| GB cÖvYx¸‡jv Avgv‡ì Kx Kv‡R jv‡M ev wKfv‡e DcKvi K‡i Zv wkï‡ì ej‡Z ej‡eb Ges wb‡R fv‡jvfv‡e eywS‡q w`‡eb| (P) Avgvi mviv w`b: w`‡bi wewfbœ AskwkLbdj: 6.1.8 w`‡bi wewfbœ Ask (mKvj, `ycyi, weKvj, mÜ¨v, ivZ) Avjv`vfv‡e wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: Avgvi eB| c×wZ: wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wb‡eb Zviv KLb Nyg †_‡K D‡V? DËi †R‡b wb‡q wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K mKvj †ejv Zviv evwo‡Z Kx K‡i Zv ej‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e wkïi AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K wkÿK mnvwqKv

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mKvj m¤ú‡K© aviYv w`‡eb| Avgvi eB (c„ôv 85-86) G mgq m~‡h©i Ae¯ vb †`Lv‡eb| wkï‡ì †kªwYK‡ÿi evB‡i wb‡q hv‡eb (m~h© hLb wVK gv_vi Dci _v‡K) AZtci wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K †R‡b wb‡eb Zv‡ì Lye Mig jvM‡Q bvwK VvÛv jvM‡Q| DËi †R‡b `ycyi m¤ú‡K© aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì cÖkœ Kiæb w`‡bi †Kvb mgq †Zvgiv †Lj‡Z hvI? wkïi DËi I Avgvi eB‡q 86 c„ôvi Qwe‡Z m~‡h©i Ae¯ vb wPÎ †`wL‡q weKvj m¤ú‡K© aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| GKBfv‡e Zviv KLb co‡Z e‡m Ges KLb Nygv‡Z hvq Zvi DËi †R‡b Ges m~‡h©i Ae¯ vb Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv 86 †Z wP‡Îi gva¨‡g mÜ¨v Ges ivZ m¤ú‡K© aviYv mymsnZ Ki‡eb| †kªwYi wkï‡ì wb‡q cuvPwU `j MVb Ki‡eb| GKwU `j‡K mKvj, GKwU `j‡K `ycyi, GKwU `j‡K weKvj, GKwU `j‡K mÜ¨v I GKwU `j‡K iv‡Z Zviv Kx Kx K‡i Zv Awfbq K‡i †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb| (Q) MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKvjwkLbdj: 6.1.7 •ewk‡óï Av‡jv‡K MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKv‡ji cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: Avgvi eB, †cwÝj, is, KvMR BZ¨vw`| c×wZ: •

wkÿK wkï‡`i wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb Ges cÖkœ Ki‡eb-ÔnvZcvLv w`‡q Avgiv Kx Kwi? †Kvb mg‡q Avgv‡`i †ewk Mig jv‡M? my‡qUvi ev D‡ji Rvgv Kvco Avgiv KLb cwi? †Kvb mgq AvKv‡k †gN _v‡K?Õ cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi KvQ †_‡K DËi ïb‡eb Ges MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKvj wb‡q mnR Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

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wkÿK Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv 87 I 88 Gi wPÎ (MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKvj) wkï‡`i‡K †`L‡Z ej‡eb| Qwe‡Z Kx †`L‡Z cv‡‪Q wkï‡`i KvQ †_‡K Zv ïb‡eb|

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wkÿK MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKv‡j Avgiv Kx Kx †cvkvK cwi, Kx Kx we‡kl ai‡bi Lvevi LvB, Avgv‡`i Av‡k-cv‡ki iv¯ÍvNvU, MvQcvjv, b`xbvjv †Kgb _v‡K Zv wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| wkï‡`i KvQ †_‡K †kvbvi ci bZzb †Kv‡bv welq ms‡hvRb Kivi _vK‡j wkÿK Zv Dc¯ vcb K‡i Av‡jvPbv †kl Ki‡eb|

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MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKv‡j wkïiv †Kvb Lvevi/djg~j/dzj †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zvi GKwU K‡i wPÎ AuvK‡Z Ges is Ki‡Z ej‡eb| mevi Qwei eY©bv ï‡b ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q †kl Kie‡b|

(R) e„wó, So, eb¨v, f~wgK¤úwkLbdj: 6.2.3 cÖvK…wZK cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ NUbv †hgb-e„wó, So, eb¨v, f~wgK¤ú BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: Avgvi eB, KvMR, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj, wd¬c PvU©| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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wkÿK wkï‡`i ej‡eb AvR‡K Avgiv GKUv gRvi †Ljv †Lj‡ev|

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wkÿK hLb ej‡eb e„wó-wkïiv †_‡g hv‡e|

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wkÿK hLb ej‡eb So/eb¨v-wkïiv ZLb †`․ov‡`․wo Ki‡e|

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wkÿK hLb ej‡eb f~wgK¤ú-wkïiv ZLb †`Iqvj †Nu‡m `uvov‡e|

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†Ljv †k‡l wkÿK nvZZvwj w`‡q wkï‡`i Awfb›`b Ki‡eb|

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wkÿK ch©vqµ‡g wkï‡`i cÖkœ Ki‡eb-e„wó, So ev eb¨v n‡j Kx Kx N‡U? Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv 89 I 90 Gi wPÎ †`wL‡q Gmgq Zviv Kx Kx K‡i Zv Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| wkïi KvQ †_‡K †kvbvi ci bZzb Z_¨ ms‡hvMRb K‡i Av‡jvPbv †kl Ki‡eb|

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wkÿK wkï‡ì cÖkœ Ki‡eb e„wó, So ev eb¨v n‡j Avgv‡ì Kx Kx DcKvi/ÿwZ nq? Zv‡ì KvQ †_‡K gZvgZ ïb‡eb| Gici wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K ïb‡eb ÿwZ hv‡Z bv nq †mRb¨ Avgiv Kxfv‡e mveavb n‡Z cvwi| mK‡ji KvQ †_‡K ï‡b wkÿK GB wel‡qi Dci mswÿß Av‡jvPbv K‡i †kl Ki‡eb|

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f~wgK¤ú n‡j Kx KiYxq Zv wd¬c PvU©-Gi c„ôv 13 †`wL‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡`i wb‡q Awfbq Ki‡eb| e„wó, So, eb¨v I f~wgK¤ú m¤úwK©Z aviYvi Av‡jv‡K cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Zvi cQ›` Abyhvqx e„wó, So, eb¨vi wPÎ, f~wgK‡¤úi cieZ©x Ae¯ vi wPÎ A¼b Ki‡Z ejyb| Gevi Avgvi eB‡qi 89 I 90 G †`Iqv wPÎ †`L‡Z ej‡eb Ges wb‡Ri Aw¼Z wP‡Îi mv‡_ wgjv‡Z ej‡eb|

(S) evwo I we`¨vjq ivL‡ev cwi”Qbœ wkLbdj: 6.2.1 evwo I we`¨vj‡qi cwi‡ek cwi‪Qbœ ivL‡e| DcKiY: AveR©bv †djvi cvÎ| c×wZ: wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡eb| wkï‡ì wb‡q wb‡Pi QovwU ej‡Z ej‡Z †bvsiv KvMR BZ¨vw` Zz‡j web Szwo‡Z †dj‡eb| KvM‡Ri UzK‡iv ----------------------- (2) c‡o Av‡Q H ------------------------ (2) RvqMv K‡i †bvsiv -------------------- (2) Zz‡j †bB ---------------------------- (1) e‡b †d‡j w`B ----------------------- (1)

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wkï‡ì ej‡eb, Avgiv GLb Avgv‡ì †kªwY cwi®‥vi Kie| †Zvgiv mevB ivwR? ivwR nIqvi ci wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K †R‡b wbb Zviv Kxfv‡e †kªwYKÿ cwi®‥vi Ki‡e| cÖ‡qvR‡b wkï‡ì mnvqZv Ki‡eb| m¤¢e n‡j wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM K‡i cÖZ¨ÿ `j‡K we`¨vj‡qi Av‡kcv‡k Qov‡bv wQUv‡bv gqjv AveR©bv GKwU wbw`©ó ¯ v‡b †dj‡Z ej‡eb| GKB KvR †hb Zviv Zv‡ì evwo‡ZI K‡i †m Rb¨ wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| AwffveK mfv‡ZI welqwU Av‡jvPbv K‡i evwo cwi®‥vi cwi‪Qbœ ivLvi welqwU wbwðZ Ki‡eb| (T) MvQcvjv I cïcvwL Avgvi eÜz wkLbdj: 6.2.2: cwi‡ek msiÿY Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnY Ki‡e| 6.2.3 : MvQcvjv I cï cvwLi cÖwZ hZœkxj n‡e| DcKiY: †QvU Mv‡Qi Pviv, jvD/mxg/Kzgov/cyuBkvK/†Qvjv/mwilvi wewP/wbovwb/euv‡ki KwÂ/cvUKvwV/cvwb †Ìqvi cvÎ| c×wZ: •

wkÿK Av‡M †_‡KB wkï‡`i wKQz `vwqZ¡ †`‡eb| `yB wZbRb wkï‡K †QvU cvwbi †evZj Avevi K‡qKRb wkï‡K Pvi cuvPwU K‡i jvD, mxg, Kzg‡ov, cyuBkv‡Ki wewP evwo †_‡K Avb‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK Awffve‡Ki mnvqZvq cÖ‡qvR‡b wb‡RI wbovwb, KwÂ, cvUKvwV Avb‡eb|

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wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K wb‡q ¯‥zj gv‡Vi Aí Ask wbovwb w`‡q gvwU Kzwc‡q big Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì w`‡q cvwb w`‡q gvwU big K‡i ivL‡eb| Gici wkï‡ì w`‡q Zv‡ì evwo †_‡K Avbv wewfbœ ai‡bi wewP gvwU‡Z †ivcY Kiv‡eb| †hLv‡b MvQ †ivc‡bi RvqMv †bB †mLv‡b †Kvb cv‡Î exR ecY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

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3/4 w`b ci wkï‡ì‡K wb‡q ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b cvwb w`‡Z ej‡eb| exR †_‡K Pviv MRv‡bvi ci Pviv¸‡jv `vo Kwi‡q ivLvi Rb¨ KwÂ ev cvUKvwV w`‡q wN‡i ivLvi eë¯ v Ki‡eb| jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e †h evB‡ii †Kv‡bv cÖvYx †hb G¸‡jv bó Ki‡Z bv cv‡i| evwo‡Z †hme MvQcvjv, cïcvwL Av‡Q Zv‡ìI hZœ wb‡Z ej‡eb|

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wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb| cÖkœ Ki‡eb wkï‡ì evwo‡Z Kx Kx MvQcvjv, cïcvwL Av‡Q? G¸‡jv hZœ †bIqvi Rb¨ Zviv Kx Kx K‡i? MvQcvjv, cïcvwL Avgv‡ì Kx Kx DcKvi K‡i? cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi Kv‡Q DËi ï‡b bZzb †Kv‡bv Z_¨ ms‡hvRb K‡i Av‡jvPbv †kl Ki‡eb| †QvÆ †Q‡j †ejvj (Mí bs-6) MíwU GLv‡b wkï‡ì ïwb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

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weÁvb (K) welqe¯Íy: Kx n‡”Q †Kb n‡”QwkLbdj: 7.1.3 AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K Abygvb, e¨vL¨v I wm×všÍMÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 7.1.4 †QvULvU wewfbœ NUbvi Kvh©KviY e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 1. †iŠ`ª Qvqvi †Ljv| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB| c×wZ: GKwU †i․`ª¾¡j w`‡b †kªwYK‡ÿi evwn‡i fv‡jvfv‡e †iv` c‡o Ggb GKwU ¯ v‡b wkï‡ì wb‡q ùvov‡eb| wkï‡ì ej‡eb Avgiv AvR GKwU gRvi wRwbm †`Le| `k ev K‡qKRb wkï‡K m~‡h©i w`‡K wcV w`‡q ùvwo‡q mvg‡b ZvKv‡Z ej‡eb| Zviv mvg‡b Kx †`L‡Z cv‡‪Q cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wb‡eb| AZtci Qvqv •Zwi nIqvi KviY Rv‡b wKbv Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| wkïiv bv cvi‡j Zv‡ì DËi w`‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb| Gevi wkï‡ì g‡a¨ Kvi QvqvwU eo Ges Kvi QvqvwU †QvU Zv ch©‡eÿY K‡i Zvi KviY ej‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b wkï‡ì mnvqZv Ki‡eb| w`‡bi wewfbœ mgq (mKvj, `ycyi, weKvj) wkï‡ì Zvi wb‡Ri Qvqv ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges Qvqvi Kx ai‡bi cwieZ©b nq Zv wb‡q cieZ©x mg‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| g~j¨vqb: wkïi ch©‡eÿY I e³‡eï Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb| 2. fvmv †Wvevi †Ljv: DKiY: MvgjvfwZ© cvwb, GK UzKiv cv_i, GKwU KvM‡Ri UzKiv, GKwU cvZv, GKwU gv‡e©j I GK UzKiv eid Ges wb‡P D‡jøwLZ ¯ vbxqfv‡e mnRjf¨ e¯Íy| c×wZ: •

wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb| GK Mvgjv cvwb, GKwU cv_i, GKwU KvM‡Ri UzKiv, GKwU cvZv I GKwU gv‡e©j wb‡eb| GLv‡b cv_i, KvM‡Ri UzKiv, cvZv, KvMR I gv‡e©j †`wL‡q wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K †R‡b wb‡eb †KvbwU fvm‡e| Gevi GKRb‡K cvwb‡Z cv_iwU †Q‡o w`‡Z ej‡eb| evwKiv cv_‡ii Kx Ae¯ v n‡jv Zv ej‡e| GKBfv‡e Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY wb‡qI G KvRwU Ki‡eb| wkïi aviYvi mv‡_ welqwU wgj Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi cÖkœ Kiæb, cv_i Ges gv‡e©j †Kb cvwb‡Z Wy‡e †Mj? cvZv Ges KvM‡Ri UzKiv †Kb †f‡m iBj? wkï‡ì DËi ïb‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb| ej‡eb, cv_i Ges gv‡e©j fvwi e‡j cvwb‡Z Wy‡e †Mj Ges cvZv Ges KvMR nvév Ges Qov‡bv e‡j cvwb‡Z †f‡m iBj|

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wkÿK Av‡M †_‡KB Pvi cuvPwU K‡i B‡Ui UzK‡iv, Kv‡Vi UzK‡iv, †evZ‡ji wQwc, gvwUi †Xjv, †kvjv, cvUKvwV, †QvU †QvU KwÂ, KvM‡Ri UzK‡iv, cvZv, gv‡e© j cv_i, wjPz/RjcvB -Gi wewP msMÖn K‡i ivL‡eb A_ev wkï‡`i‡K evwo †_‡K wb‡q Avm‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡`i Pvi cuvPw U `‡j fvM K‡i Dchy ³ DcKiY¸‡jv wgwk‡q mgvbfv‡e weZiY Ki‡eb| Gici wkÿK wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ †h wRwbm¸‡jv fv‡m Ges †h¸‡jv Wy‡e hvq Zv Avjv`v Ki‡Z ej‡eb| ev¯Í‡e Abykxj‡bi

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eë¯ v Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡ì c~e©aviYvi mv‡_ Zv wgjv‡Z w`‡eb| †h `j¸‡jv mwVKfv‡e Avjv`v Ki‡Z cvi‡e Zv‡ì‡K weRqx 1g, 2q, 3q `j wn‡m‡e nvZZvwj w`‡q Awfbw›`Z Ki‡eb| hw` †Kv‡bv `j G‡jv‡g‡jv K‡i †d‡j Zv mwVK K‡i w`‡q KvR †kl Ki‡eb| •

Gevi GK UzKiv eid GKwU cv‡Îi Dci ivL‡eb| mevB‡K eidwU †`L‡Z ej‡eb| wKQzÿY ci eid M‡j cvwb n‡q †M‡j wkï‡ì Kv‡Q cÖkœ Kiæb eid Kx n‡jv? wkï‡ì DËi ïb‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b DËi cÖ`v‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb| ej‡eb, Zv‡ci Kvi‡Y eid M‡j †Mj| GLv‡b ei‡di cwie‡Z© AvBmwµg eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

3. evZv‡m cvZv b‡o Ges †gN †_‡K e„wó nq DcKiY: KvM‡Ri cvLv I KvwV| c×wZ: • • • • • •

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wkï‡ì †kªwYi evB‡i GKwU Mv‡Qi Kv‡Q wb‡q hv‡eb| Mv‡Qi cvZv bovPov Ki‡Q wKbv ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi cÖkœ Ki‡eb| †Zvgiv wK ej‡Z cv‡iv Mv‡Qi cvZv †Kb bo‡Q? wkï‡ì DËi¸‡jv ïb‡eb| wkïiv hvB DËi w`K Zvi cÖksmv Ki‡eb| m¤¢e n‡j Zv‡K Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡ì ejv KviY wb‡q gšÍe¨ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi Mv‡Qi cvZv evZv‡m b‡o Zv mevB‡K ej‡eb| wKQz †QvU KvM‡Ri UzKiv †d¬v‡i ev †Uwe‡j †i‡L wkï‡ì dz w`‡Z ejyb| †Kb KvMR¸‡jv b‡o DVj Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| wkï‡ì KvMR w`‡q KvM‡Ri cvLv evbv‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb| KvM‡Ri cvLv w`‡q evZvm K‡i Mv‡Qi cvZv ev †Kv‡bv nvév wRwbm bvov‡Z ej‡eb| †Kb boj Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| Gevi cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K †QvU †QvU KvMR eënvi K‡i PiwK evbv‡Z ej‡eb| Kxfv‡e PiwK evbv‡Z nq Zv wkï‡ì †`wL‡q w`‡eb| PiwK evbv‡bv †kl n‡j cÖ‡Z¨K‡K PiwK wb‡q †`․o w`‡Z ej‡eb| PiwK †Kb Ny‡i Zv wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb| Gfv‡e wewfbœ Kv‡Ri ga¨ w`‡q evZv‡m cvZv bovi welqwU wkïiv eyS‡e| wkï‡ì †kªwYi evB‡i †Lvjv AvKvk †`L‡Z w`‡eb| †Lvjv AvKv‡k mv`v Zzjvi g‡Zv †f‡m †eov‡bv wRwbm¸‡jvi bvg wK Rvb‡Z Pvb| wkïi DË‡i mnvqZv K‡i ej‡eb-G¸‡jv †gN| Gevi Ab¨ Avi GKw`b e„wó ïiæi Av‡M AvKv‡k †gN †`L‡Z w`‡eb| †gN †`L‡Z †Kgb cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wbb| A_ev e„wó hLb nq ZLb AvKvk †Kgb _v‡K Zv wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb| G †gN †Kb Kvj n‡jv Zv ej‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì DËi cÖ`v‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb| ej‡eb-mv`v †gN fvwi n‡j Kv‡jv n‡q hvq| G Kv‡jv †gN †_‡K e„wó nq| wkï‡ì †gN †_‡K e„wó covi Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e †kªwY Kvh©µg mgvß Ki‡eb|

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4. myBP wUc‡j evwZ R¡‡j DcKiY: UP©jvBU, †gvevBj †dvb| c×wZ: • wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| AZtci ejyb AvR Avgiv GKUv gRvi †Ljv †`Le| Gevi nv‡Zi UP© jvBUwU †`wL‡q ej‡eb-GUvi bvg Kx? UP© bv _vK‡j †gvevBj †mU eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkï‡ì DËi ïbyb| bv wPb‡j bvg e‡j w`b| Gevi ejyb-†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †K GUv Pvjv‡Z cvi‡e? †h cvi‡e Zv‡K Kv‡Q G‡m UP© jvBU R¡vjv‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi cÖkœ Ki‡eb, †Zvgiv wK ej‡Z cvi‡e evwZ †Kb R¡‡j DVj? wkï‡ì DËi ïb‡eb Ges ej‡eb myBP Ab Ki‡j we`y¨r evwZ‡Z hvq Ges evwZ R¡‡j D‡V| • Gevi †kªwYK‡ÿi evwZ myBP wU‡c R¡vwj‡q Ges eÜ K‡i wkï‡ì welqwU †`Lvb| wbivcËv welqwU gv_vq †i‡L wkï‡ì w`‡q evwZ R¡vjv‡eb bv| wkï‡ì ej‡eb, •e`y¨wZK myBP wec¾bK, Zviv †hb wb‡Riv myBP bv wU‡c| • wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb Ges cÖkœ Ki‡eb, we`y¨/Kv‡i›U w`‡q R¡‡j/P‡j GiKg wKQz wRwb‡mi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb| mevi KvQ †_‡K ï‡b bZzb †Kv‡bv Z_¨ Rvwb‡q KvR †kl Ki‡eb| • Ggb wZbU wRwb‡mi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb hv myBP wU‡c Pvjy Kiv hvq| wkïi DË‡ii Av‡jv‡K Zvi wkLb AMÖMwZ g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì Av‡kcv‡k msNwVZ cÖwZwU NUbvi †cQ‡b †h KviY Av‡Q Zv wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| (L) welqe¯Íy : Ro I Rxe wkLbdj: 7.2.1 Ro I Rx‡ei cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: d¬vm KvW©| c×wZ: • wkï‡ì mevB‡K †kªwYi evB‡i wb‡q hv‡eb| we`¨vj‡qi Av‡k-cv‡k hv wKQz Av‡Q Zv ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z ej‡eb| wkïiv hv †`L‡e Zvi bvg ej‡e Ges wkÿK †m Abhvqx GKwU ZvwjKv •Zwi Ki‡e| Gevi ZvwjKvi GKwU K‡i wRwb‡mi bvg ej‡eb| wkïiv ej‡e wRwbmwU GKv GKv bovPov Ki‡Z cv‡i wKbv? wkï‡ì DË‡ii Av‡jv‡K RxeRo m¤ú‡K© aviYv mymsnZ Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| cÖwZwU `‡j 1 †mU d¬vm KvW© w`b| `‡j e‡m Ro I Rx‡ei KvW© Avjv`v Ki‡Z ej‡eb| mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z cvi‡j cÖksmv Ki‡eb bv cvi‡j mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb| • wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q GKUv †Ljv Ki‡eb| †Ljvi wb‡`k©bv wkï‡ì g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q ïb‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK hLb ej‡eb Rxe, ÔZLb wkïiv Gw`K-†mw`K nuvUvPjv, †Nviv‡div, K_vejv GKvR¸‡jv Ki‡e| Avevi hLb ej‡e Ro, Ôwkïiv ZLb K¬v‡mi Ro †Kv‡bv e¯Íy/†Ljbv/LvZv/eB/†cwÝj/e¨vM BZ¨vw` wb‡q w¯ i n‡q ùvwo‡q _vK‡e| Gi e¨wZµg n‡j †Ljv †_‡K ev` c‡o hv‡e| †Ljv †k‡l mevB‡K Awfb›`b Rvwb‡q wkÿK Zvi KvR †kl Ki‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

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(M) welqe¯Íy : Dw™¢` I cÖvYx wkLbdj: 7.2.2 Dw™¢` I cÖvYx cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: d¬vm KvW©| c×wZ: • †kªwY Kvh©µ‡gi ïiæ‡ZB wkï‡ì ej‡eb-Avgiv AvR we`¨vj‡qi evB‡i wewfbœ MvQcvjv Ges cïcvwL †`Le| wkï‡ì we`¨vj‡qi evB‡i wb‡q hvb| wewfbœ MvQcvjv †`Lv‡bvi ci GKwU Mv‡Qi Kv‡Q wb‡q hvb| MvQwU fv‡jvfv‡e †`L‡Z w`‡q cÖkœ Ki‡eb| MvQwU wK bovPov Ki‡Z cv‡i? MvQ wK kã Ki‡Z cv‡i? • Gevi KvQvKvwQ †Kv‡bv cÖvYx (Miæ, †Nvov, QvMj BZ¨vw`) †`L‡Z w`b| wkï‡ì cÖvYxwU fv‡jv K‡i †`L‡Z w`‡q cÖkœ Ki‡eb| cÖvYxwU wK bovPov Ki‡Z cv‡i? cÖvwYwU wK kã Ki‡Z cv‡i? • `yB †ÿ‡ÎB wkïi DË‡ii Av‡jv‡K cÖvYx I Dw™¢‡ì g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ m¤ú‡K© avibv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| • †kªwY‡Z wd‡i G‡m cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K GKwU cÖvYx I GKwU Mv‡Qi wPÎ AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| †ev‡W© cÖvYx I Dw™¢‡ì wPÎ¸‡jv Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e AvVv w`‡q jvwM‡q cÖvYx I Dw™¢‡ì GKwU PvU© •Zwi Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| d¬vm Kv‡W©i †mU †_‡K Dw™¢` I cÖvYxi KvW©¸‡jv Avjv`v Ki‡eb| cÖwZwU `‡j cÖvYx I Dw™¢‡ì KvW© G‡jv‡g‡jvfv‡e wgwj‡q w`‡q wkï‡ì cÖvYx I Dw™¢‡ì KvW© Avjv`v Ki‡Z w`‡eb| g~j¨vqb: †kªwY Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì AskMÖnY ch©‡eÿY K‡i g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

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cÖhyw³ (K) mvaviY hš¿cvwZ miÄvgvw` wkLbdj: 7.3.2 cÖvZ¨wnK Rxe‡b eënvi nq Ggb mvaviY hš¿cvwZ miÄvgvw` wPb‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: wd¬cPvU©| c×wZ: • wkï‡ì U AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì ej‡eb AvR Avgiv mevB wg‡j Avgv‡ì cÖwZw`b eënvi nq Ggb hš¿cvwZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kie| • wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| GKwU `j‡K N‡i Av‡jvi Rb¨ Kx Kx eënvi nq Av‡jvPbv K‡i Dc¯ vcb Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • GKwU `j‡K e„wó n‡j Kx eënvi Kiv nq Ges Mig †_‡K euvPvi Rb¨ Kx eënvi Kiv nq I Kvco Bw¯¿ Kivi Rb¨ Kx eënvi Kiv nq Zv kbv³ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • GKwU `j‡K mfv mwgwZ, we‡q evwo‡Z Mvb evRv‡bvi Rb¨ Kx Kx eënvi Kiv nq kbv³ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| • cÖ‡qvR‡b wkÿK cÖwZwU `j‡K mnvqZv Ki‡e| `jxq KvR †k‡l cÖwZwU `j †_‡K GKRb‡K `jxq KvR Dc¯ vcb Ki‡Z ej‡eb| GK`j Dc¯ vc‡bi mgq Ab¨ `j cÖ‡qvR‡b cÖkœ Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b mnvqZv Ki‡e| • Gevi wd¬c Pv‡U©i c„ôv 10 eënvi K‡i cÖwZw`b eënvi Kiv hš¿cvwZ¸‡jvi wPÎ †`Lv‡eb| wb‡`©kK eënvi K‡i Pv‡U©i †Kvb h‡š¿i bvg Kx Ges Kx Kv‡R jv‡M Zv cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wb‡eb| cvi‡j cÖksmv Ki‡eb Ges bv cvi‡j e‡j w`‡eb| Gfv‡e †kªwY Kvh©µg mgvß Ki‡eb| (L) Ny‡i †eovB hvbevn‡b wkLbdj: 7.5.1 : ¯ jc‡_i hvbevnb m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e| 7.5.2 : Rjc‡_i hvbevnb m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e| 7.5.3 : AvKvkc‡_i hvbevnb m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: wd¬c PvU©, d¬vm KvW©| c×wZ: • wkÿK cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi bvg a‡i wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-wkï‡ì bvbv/`v`v/gvgvi evwo †Kv_vq? †mLv‡b Zviv wK‡m P‡o †eov‡Z hvq? wkï‡ì DËi¸‡jv ïbyb Ges †ev‡W© wjL‡eb| • wkÿK ej‡eb-Gevi Avgiv GKUv gRvi Awfbq Kie| wkÿK hLb ej‡eb †ijMvwo P‡o gvgvi evwo hvB, ZLb wkïiv ej‡e ûB‡m‡ji kã w`‡q Awfbq K‡i GK RvqMv †_‡K Ab¨ RvqMvq hv‡e| Gfv‡e †gvUi mvB‡K‡j bvbv evwo hvB, †b․Kvq K‡i `v`vevwo hvB, wiKkvq P‡o PvPvevwo, mvB‡K‡j P‡o dzdzevwo, †cø‡b P‡o Lvjvevwo hvB ej‡e Ges wkïiv Awfbq Ki‡e| mevi Awfbq Gici wkÿK nv‡Z Zvwj w`‡q †kl Ki‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKv

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wd¬cPv‡U©i c„ôv 7 (hvbevnb) wkï‡`i wbKU Dc¯ vcb Ki‡eb I Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

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wkï‡`i K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| wewfbœ hvbevn‡bi KvW©¸‡jv Av‡M †_‡K Avjv`v K‡i ivL‡eb| `‡j e‡m ¯ j, Rj I AvKvk c‡_i hvbevnb¸‡jv Avjv`v Ki‡Z w`‡eb| `‡ji Kv‡R mn‡hvwMZv Kiæb I cÖksmv Ki‡eb|

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wkï‡ì‡K 4/5wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| wkÿK wkï‡ì `j‡bZv‡K KvMR Ges †cwÝj weZiY Ki‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì me‡P‡q cQ‡›ì hvbevn‡bi Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb Ges is K‡i Dc¯ vcb Ki‡Z ej‡eb| g~j¨vqb: `jxq KvR g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g wkïi wkLb AMÖMwZ hvPvB Ki‡eb|

(M) cÖPwjZ I cwiwPZ cÖhyw³ wkLbdj: 7.3.1 †`‡ki me©Î cÖPwjZ I cwiwPZ cÖhyw³i (Nwo, BwÄbPvwjZ †b․Kv, avb gvovB‡qi Kj, †mPhš¿, Uªv±i) bvg I KvR ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: Avgvi eB| c×wZ: •

wkï‡`i U AvK…wZ Abyhvqx em‡Z ej‡eb| nv‡Zi Nwo †`wL‡q cÖkœ Ki‡eb| GUvi bvg Kx? Nwoi mvnv‡h¨ Avgiv Kx Rvwb? wkïi DËi ïbvi ci ejyb AvR Avgiv AviI wKQz hš¿cvwZi wPÎ †`Le| Gevi Avgvi eB Gi 92 c„ôv n‡Z GK GK K‡i BwÄbPvwjZ †b․Kv, avb gvovB‡qi Kj, †mPhš¿, Uªv±iGi wPÎ cÖ`k©b K‡i m¤¢e n‡j ev¯Íe DcKiY †`wL‡q GKvRwU Kiv hvq| wkïiv G hš¿¸‡jv †R‡b wKbv Zv †R‡b wb‡eb| hw` wkïiv hš¿¸‡jvi bvg Rv‡b Zvn‡j †h Rv‡b Zv‡K mevi mvg‡b G‡m hš¿wUi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb| Zvi AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K cÖ`wk©Z hš¿wUi KvR ej‡Z ej‡eb| hw` wkïiv bv cv‡i Zvn‡j cÖwZwU h‡š¿i bvg I KvR e‡j w`‡eb|

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wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q wewfbœ cÖhyw³i ch©‡eÿ‡Yi eë¯ v Ki‡eb| ¯‥z‡ji KvQvKvwQ hw` †Kv‡bv cÖhyw³i eënvi _v‡K Zv Av‡M †_‡KB wPwýZ K‡i ivL‡eb| †hgb-¯‥z‡ji KvQvKvwQ Uªv±i ev BwÄb PvwjZ †b․Kv ev avb gvovB-Gi Kj, †mPhš¿| wkï‡ì wba©vwiZ RvqMvq wb‡q wM‡q hš¿wU jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges cÖkœ Ki‡eb G hš¿wU w`‡q Kx KvR Kiv nq? GUv Kxfv‡e P‡j? wkÿK hš¿wU Kxfv‡e P‡j Zv wkï‡ì ev¯Í‡e Pvwj‡q †`Lv‡bvi eë¯ v Ki‡eb| me wkïi Kv‡Q ïb‡eb, Avi evwK Z_¨ wkÿK ms‡hvRb Ki‡eb| Gfv‡e wkÿK K‡qKwU cÖhyw³ K‡qKw`‡b cwiwPZ Kiv‡eb|

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wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb Ges hš¿¸‡jv‡Z Kx Kx †`‡L‡Q Zvi Dci cÖkœ K‡i Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| GB hš¿¸wj Avgv‡ì Kx Kx Kv‡R jv‡M †m m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| bv †R‡b hš¿cvwZ Pvjv‡j wKsev Kv‡Q wM‡q ai‡Z PvB‡j Kx ai‡bi ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i †m m¤ú‡K© wkï‡ì mveavb Ki‡eb| g~j¨vqb: `jMZ Kv‡Ri g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb Ges †kªwY Kvh©µg mgvß Ki‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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(N) Avgiv mevB KvQvKvwQ: wkLbdj: 7.4.1 Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³i (†iwWI, †Uwjwfkb, Kw¤úDUvi, †gvevBj, †dvb) bvg Rvb‡e I kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 7.4.2 Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wewfbœ cÖhyw³i eënvi ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: Kuv`vgvwU, Avgvi eB| c×wZ: • †kªwYi wkï‡ì U AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| Avgvi eB Gi 93 c„ôv eënvi K‡i †iwWI, †Uwjwfkb, Kw¤úDUvi, †gvevBj †dvb cÖ`k©b Ki‡eb| cÖ‡kœvË‡ii gva¨‡g †KvbwUi Kx bvg Zv wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K †R‡b wb‡eb| m¤¢e n‡j G‡ÿ‡Î ev¯Íe DcKiY eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| • c~e© AwfÁZv I cÖ‡kœvË‡ii gva¨‡g hš¿cvwZ¸‡jvi †KvbwU Kxfv‡e eënvi Kiv nq Zv †R‡b wb‡eb| • Kv`vgvwU eënvi K‡i wkï‡ì hš¿cvwZ¸‡jvi g‡Wj •Zwi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| • Gevi cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Zv‡ì cQ‡›ì GKwU †hvMv‡hv‡Mi cÖhyw³i wPÎ AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| g~j¨vqb: Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³i bvg I KvR wVKfv‡e ej‡Z cvi‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB K‡i wkïi wkLb g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

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¯^v¯’¨ (K) Avgvi kixi wkLbdj: 8.1.1-kix‡ii wewfbœ As‡ki bvg I KvR ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB| c×wZ: •

wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Kiæb Avgv‡ì †`‡n ev kix‡i Kx Kx A½ Av‡Q| wkï‡ì wR‡Ám K‡i wkï‡ì wbKU †_‡KB kix‡ii wewfbœ A‡½i bvg I A½wU †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb †mB m‡½ A½wUi KvR ej‡Z ej‡eb|

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hw` †Kv‡bv A‡½i bvg ev` c‡o hvq Z‡e Avcwb wb‡RB †mB A½wU †`wL‡q wkï‡`i wR‡Ám Ki‡eb A½wUi bvg I Zvi KvR Kx?

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wkï‡`i w`‡q Mvb-2 (gv_v, Kuva, nvUz I cv‡qi cvZv) Abykxjb Ki‡eb|

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KvR: •

wkï‡`i †Mvj n‡q `uvov‡Z ej‡eb|

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Gfv‡e cÖwZwU A‡½i bvg ej‡eb|

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(L) •`bw›`b ¯^v¯’¨ welqK K_KZvwkLbdj: 8.1.2 wbqwgZ ùvZ gvR‡Z, nvZ ay‡Z, Pzj AuvPov‡Z, nuvwU-Kvwki mgq gyL XvK‡Z I Uq‡jU eënv‡ii ci mvevb ev QvB w`‡q nvZ †avqvi Af¨vm MVb Ki‡e| DcKiY: ùvZ gvRvi eªvk/wb‡gi Xvj, mvevb, wPiæwb, †bBjKvUvi, Avgvi eB, wd¬c PvU©| c×wZ: wkï‡ì †ijMvwo wSK wSK †LjvwU †Lj‡Z w`b| GB †Ljvi mv‡_ bL, nvZ, ùvZ I Pzj hy³ K‡i †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb (†Ljv-1: †ijMvwo wSK wSK) cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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ùvZ gvRv †h mKj wkï cÖwZw`b ùvZ gv‡R Zv‡ì nvZ Zzj‡Z ej‡eb I cÖksmv Ki‡eb| wbqwgZ ùvZ bv gvR‡j Kx nq Zv wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì Av‡jvPbv †kl n‡j cybivq wbqwgZ ùvZ bv gvRvi ÿwZKi w`K m¤ú‡K© ej‡eb| †hgb-gy‡L `yM©Ü, ùv‡Z e¨_v, ùvZ njy` I Kv‡jv n‡q Amy›ì jvMv Ges Amg‡q ùvZ c‡o hvIqv| •

Avgvi eB Gi c„ôv 94 †`wL‡q mwVKfv‡e ùvZ gvRvi c×wZ AbymiY K‡i wbgœwjwLZ Dcv‡q wkï‡ì ùvZ gvRvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|  1 ej‡j wkïiv Dci-bx‡P ùvZ gvRvi Awfbq Ki‡e;  2 ej‡j wkïiv cvkvcvwk ùvZ gvRvi Awfbq Ki‡e;  3 ej‡j wkïiv wfZ‡ii w`‡K ùvZ gvRvi Awfbq Ki‡e;  4 ej‡j cvwb wb‡q KzjKzwP Ki‡e;  5 ej‡j cvwb Kzwj K‡i evB‡i †ei K‡i w`‡e|

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wkï‡`i wbqwgZ `uvZ gvR‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

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AwffveK mfvq Awffve‡Ki evwo‡Z wkï‡ì wbqwgZ ùvZ gvRvi welqwU ch©‡eÿY K‡i Drmvn w`‡Z ej‡eb Ges wkïiv wbqwgZ ùvZ bv gvR‡j Zv wkÿK‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb|

nvZ-gyL †avqv c×wZ: •

K‡qKRb wkï‡K ev mKj‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zviv KLb nvZ-gyL †avq| wkï‡`i Av‡jvPbv †kl n‡j mvaviY_ †h mgq¸‡jv‡Z nvZ-gyL †avqv cÖ‡qvRb Zv wb‡q wbgœwjwLZ welq¸‡jv Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡eb Nyg †_‡K D‡V  Lvev‡ii Av‡M I c‡i  cvqLvbv e¨env‡ii c‡i  †Ljvayjv Kivi ci Ges evwoi evB‡i †_‡K wdi‡j|

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wd¬c PvU© Gi c„ôv 9 nvZ gyL †avqvi wPÎ †_‡K nvZ †avqvi wPÎ †`wL‡q mKj wkï‡K GKB mv‡_ ev `‡j fvM n‡q av‡c av‡c mwVKfv‡e nvZ-gyL †avqvi f~wgKvwfbq Kiv‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb 1 ej‡j mevB nv‡Z cvwb jvMv‡Z _vK‡e  2 ej‡j nv‡Z mvevb jvMv‡Z _vK‡e  3 ej‡j mvevb jvMv‡bv nvZ Nl‡Z _vK‡e  4 ej‡j nvZ cvwb w`‡q ay‡q †djvi f~wgKvwfbq Ki‡e  5 ej‡j gyL cvwb w`‡q ay‡Z _vK‡e

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 6 ej‡j nvZ-gyL Kvco w`‡q gy‡Q †dj‡e  7 ej‡j mevB Zvwj w`‡q f~wgKvwfbq †kl Ki‡e AwffveK mfvq evwo‡Z wkï‡`i wbqwgZ nvZ-gyL †avqvi welqwU ch©‡eÿY K‡i Drmvn w`‡Z ej‡eb Ges wkïiv wbqwgZ nvZ-gyL bv ayB‡j Zv wkÿK‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb|

Pzj AuvPov‡bv c×wZ: • wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †K †K wbqwgZ Pyj AuvPovq Zv‡ì nvZ Zzj‡Z ej‡eb Ges cÖksmv Ki‡eb| • Pzj wbqwgZ bv AuvPov‡j Kx Kx mgm¨v n‡Z cv‡i Zv wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| †h welq¸‡jv wkïiv Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡e bv Zv wkÿK wb‡R Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| • K‡qKRb wkï‡K ev mKj‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb Zviv KLb Pzj AuvoPvq| wkï‡ì Av‡jvPbv †kl n‡q mvaviYZ †h mgq¸‡jv‡Z Pzj AuvPov‡bv nq Zv wb‡q wbgœwjwLZ welq¸‡jv Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡eb Nyg †_‡K D‡V  †Mvm‡ji ci  we`¨vjq ev evB‡i hvIqvi Av‡M  Nygv‡Z hvIqvi c~‡e© • mKj wkï‡K GKB mv‡_ ev `‡j fvM n‡q Pzj AuvPov‡bv f~wgKvwfbq Kiv‡Z cv‡ib| • AwffveK mfvq evwo‡Z wkï‡ì wbqwgZ Pzj AuvPov‡bv ch©‡eÿY K‡i Drmvn w`‡Z ej‡eb Ges wkïiv wbqwgZ Pzj bv AuvPov‡j Zv wkÿK‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb| nuvwP ev Kvwki mgq gyL XvKv c×wZ: • wkïiv nuvwP Kvwki mgq †K Kx K‡i Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| †h mKj wkï nuvwP Kvwki mgq gyL Xv‡K Zv‡ì cÖksmv Ki‡eb| • mKj wkï‡K GKmv‡_ nuvwP Kvwki mgq gyL XvKvi f~wgKvwfbq Kiv‡eb| • wkï‡ì we`¨vj‡q _vKvKvjxb Ae¯ vq nuvwP Kvwk w`‡j gyL XvKvi Af¨vm Kiv‡eb| †hLv‡b †mLv‡b hv‡Z _y _y bv †d‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| (M) n‡iK iKg Lvevi wkLbdj: 8.1.3 wewfbœ cÖKvi cywóKi Lvevi wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 8.1.4 wewfbœ cÖKvi Lvevi (fvZ/iæwU/cvDiæwU, gvQ-gvsm/Wvj, kvK-mewR, djg~j) Avjv`v Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 1.3.5 wewfbœ ¯^v‡ì Lvevi kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e (wgwó, Svj, UK, †Z‡Zv, †bvb&Zv)| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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DcKiY: d¬vm KvW©, KvMR, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj| c×wZ: • wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Kiæb AvR Zviv Kx Kx †L‡q‡Q? wkï‡ì K_v ej‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb| • Gevi wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| `j fvM Kivi mgq MwY‡Zi Kg-†ewki aviYvi KvR-2 Abyhvqx `j MVb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| 4wU `‡ji bvgKiY Kivi †ÿ‡Î cÖ_g `‡ji bvg mKvj, wØZxq `‡ji bvg `ycyi, Z…Zxq `‡ji bvg ivZ Ges †kl `‡ji bvg w`b-ivZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| • mKvj `‡ji KvR n‡jv cÖwZw`b mKv‡ji bv¯Ívq Zviv hZ iK‡gi/ai‡bi Lvevi Lvq Zv Zviv cÖ_‡g `‡j Av‡jvPbv K‡i †ei Ki‡e| Gici `‡ji cÖ‡Z¨K m`m¨ Avjv` Avjv`vfv‡e mKv‡ji Lvev‡ii GK ev GKvwaK Qwe AuvK‡e| `‡j e‡m wm×všÍ †b‡e Zviv †K Kx Qwe AuvK‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB wfbœ wfbœ KvM‡R Avjv`v Avjv`v Qwe AuvK‡e| • Dc‡iv³ cÖwµqvq `ycyi `j‡K `ycy‡ii I ivZ `j‡K iv‡Zi Lvevi Qwe AuvK‡Z w`b Ges GKB c×wZ‡Z w`b-ivZ `j‡K mKvj, `ycyi I iv‡Zi Lvevi ev‡` w`‡bi Ab¨vb¨ mgq †h Lvevi Lvq, †mme Lvev‡ii Qwe AuvK‡Z w`‡eb| • Qwe AuvKvi mgq wkï‡ì Drmvn w`‡eb wkïiv Qwe wjL‡Z bv Rv‡b Z‡e Zv‡ì AuvKv Qwei wb‡P wb‡RB Lv‡`ï bvg wj‡L w`‡eb| wkïiv Qwe AuvKv ïiæ Ki‡j wewfbœ `‡j †K †Kvb Qwe AuvK‡Q Zv jÿ Ki‡eb| †Kv‡bv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Lvevi ev` c‡o †M‡j †mB `‡ji wkï‡ì w`‡q †mB Lvevi AuvKv‡bv wbwðZ Ki‡eb| • Qwe AuvKv m¤úbœ n‡j PK †ev‡W©i Dc‡ii w`‡K cvkvcvwk mKvj, `ycyi, ivZ I mviv w`b wj‡L Zvi wb‡P Zvi Qwe jvwM‡q w`b ev wkï‡ì w`‡q jvwM‡q wb‡eb| mKj `j‡K Zv‡ì AuvKv Qwe¸‡jv wbR wbR `‡ji bv‡gi wb‡P wb‡P AvU‡K w`‡Z ej‡eb| • me wkï‡K Qwe¸‡jv †`Lvi my‡hvM w`‡eb| †ev‡W©i Avi GKcv‡k wb‡P wb‡P fvZ, gvQ, kvKmewR (†h‡Kv‡bv GKwU), djg~j (†h‡Kv‡bv GKwU) I cvwbi Qwe AvU‡K w`‡eb| Gevi wkï‡ì ejyb Avgiv cÖwZw`b †h Lvevi¸‡jv LvB Zv Dc‡iv³ 4 ai‡bi Lvev‡i fvM Ki‡Z cvwi| wkï‡ì‡K w`‡q Dc‡iv³ fvM Abyhvqx †ev‡W© GKB ai‡bi Lvevi¸‡jv cvkvcvwk AvUKv‡Z ej‡eb| †KD fyj Ki‡j Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i Zv wVK RvqMvq jvMv‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb (wPÎ cieZ©x c„ôvi PK‡evW© eënv‡ii bgybv)| • wkï‡ì mv‡_ wb‡Pi welq¸‡jv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| • cÖwZw`b GKRb wkï‡K wewfbœ iKg Lvevi †L‡Z nq| GK-GK ai‡bi Lvev‡i GK-GK iK‡gi DcKvi i‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bvwU kw³ †hvMvq, †Kv‡bvwU †ivM cÖwZ‡iva K‡i, †Kv‡bvwU ev Avevi kix‡ii e„w ×‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| cÖ wZwU Lvev‡iB wKQz bv wKQz cywó i‡q‡Q| myZivs mKj‡K wfbœ wfbœ ai‡bi Lvevi cÖ wZw`bB †L‡Z n‡e| • wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb-Lvev‡ii ¯^v` Kx Kx iKg nq? K‡qKwU wgwó Lvev‡ii bvg e‡jv? †K †K wgwó Lvevi †L‡Z cQ›` K‡iv? GKBfv‡e UK, Svj, †Z‡Zv I †bvbZv Lvevi wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb | wkÿK mnvwqKv

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wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| cÖwZwU `‡j Lv`¨`ª‡eï KvW© †mU (KvW© †mU bv _vK‡j wkï‡ì AuvKv Lv`¨ `ª‡eï Qwe) weZiY Ki‡eb| Lvev‡ii ¯^v` Abyhvqx KvW© ev wPÎ¸‡jv‡K fvM ev †kªwYKiY ej‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZ `j‡K Zv‡ì Lv‡`ï †kªwYKiY¸‡jv cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z ej‡eb| †h †Kv‡bv Lvev‡ii ¯^v` m¤ú‡K© wkï‡ì fyj aviYv _vK‡j Zv Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i mgvavb Ki‡eb| PK‡evW© eënv‡ii bgybv

mKvj

`ycyi

ivZ

w`b-ivZ

i wU

fvZ

Avg

gywo

gvQ

Rvg

fvZ

gvsk

wjPz

wWg

Kjv

Avjy

Wvj

ev`vg

†e¸b

Avjy

wmg

†e¸b

kvK

wmg

kvK

fvZ, i wU, Avjy, gywo ..................................

gvQ, gvsk, wWg, Wvj ...................................

kvK, †e¸b, wmg, cUj, Kwc, jvj kvK ............

Avg, Rvg, wjPz, Kjv ...................................

cvwb, `ya, Pvc .........................................

(N) wbivc` cvwb wkLbdj: 8.1.12 wbivc` cvwbi Drm ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: wd¬cPvU© (wbivc` cvwb)| c×wZ: • wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-wccvmv †c‡j Avgiv Kx Kwi? K‡qKRb wkï‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| wfbœ wfbœ DËi Avm‡jI Zv mnRfv‡e MÖnY K‡i mwVK gšÍe¨ Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-GB cvwb Avgiv †Kv_v †_‡K msMÖn Kwi? wkï‡ì wbivc` cvwbi wewfbœ Dr‡mi bvg ejvi Rb¨ Drmvn w`‡eb| fyj ej‡j Zv Lye mnRfv‡e eywS‡q ejyb †Kb Zv fyj Ges wbivc` cvwbi aviYv w`‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

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(O) Lvevi Av‡M I c‡i nvZ †avqv: wkLbdj: 8.1.5 LvIqvi Av‡M I c‡i mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q wbqwgZ wb‡R wb‡R Lvevi †L‡Z cvi‡e| 8.1.6 Lvev‡ii Av‡M I c‡i †cøU wb‡R ay‡e| 8.1.7 cwi®‥vi cv‡Î Lvevi †X‡K ivL‡e| 8.1.8 djg~j ay‡q Lv‡e| 1.3.1 †PvL I nv‡Zi mgš^q K‡i wewfbœ KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: wd¬cPvU© (nvZ gyL †avqv)| c×wZ: • wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-Lvevi Av‡M I c‡i †Kvb KvRwU Kiv Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRb? wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †_‡KB nvZ †avqvi welqwU †ei K‡i Avbvi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| nvZ †avqvi DcKvwiZv I nvZ bv ay‡q Lvevi †L‡j Kx ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i Zv wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| • Lvev‡ii Av‡M wb‡Ri Lvevi †cøU wb‡R ay‡q †L‡Z emv Ges Lvevi †k‡l Zv wb‡RB cwi®‥vi K‡i ¸wQ‡q ivLv, cÖwZwU AvZ¥m¤§vb‡eva m¤úbœ gvby‡li Rb¨ Aek¨KiYxq| G wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ mnR fvlvq Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb hv‡Z-cÖ‡Z¨‡KB evwo‡Z Lvevi Av‡M I c‡i wb‡Ri Lvevi †cøU I nvZ wbqwgZ cwi®‥vi K‡i| • wd¬c Pv‡U©i c„ôv 9 †`wL‡q mwVKfv‡e nvZ †avqvi Abykxjb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| • cwi®‥vi cv‡Î Lvevi †X‡K ivLvi wel‡q wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • dj cvwb w`‡q ay‡q Lvevi wel‡q wkï‡ì gZvgZ wbb I DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| • wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM K‡i wfbœ wfbœ `‡j Lvevi Av‡M, Lvevi mgq I Lvevi c‡ii cy‡iv cÖwµqv †mB m‡½ Lvevi Av‡M djg~j ay‡q LvIqv Ges LvIqvi c‡i AwZwi³ Lvevi cwi®‥vi cv‡Î †X‡K ivLvi f~wgKvwfbq Kiv‡eb| • AwffveK mfvq wkï‡ì evwo‡Z wbqwgZ Lvevi Av‡M I c‡i wb‡Ri Lvevi †cøU I nvZ cwi®‥vi Kiv, Lvevi †X‡K ivLv, dj ay‡q ivLvi welqwU ch©‡eÿY K‡i Drmvn w`‡Z ej‡eb Ges wkïiv wbqwgZ Zv bv Ki‡j wkÿK‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb| (P) wekªvg wkLbdj: 8.1.9 wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ wekªvg †b‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB| c×wZ: • mKj wkï‡K †Mvj n‡q ùvov‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi mKj‡K GKmv‡_ wb‡Ri RvqMvq ùvwo‡q †`․ov‡Z ej‡eb| †`․ov‡bv‡Z mK‡j hv‡Z AskMÖnY K‡i Zv wbwðZ Ki‡eb| mZKZ©vi mv‡_ †Lqvj Kiæb wkÿK mnvwqKv

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hv‡Z †Kv‡bv wkï †ewk nvwc‡q bv I‡V| cÖvq 2-3 wgwbU wkï‡`i †`․ov‡Z ej‡eb| †`․ov‡bvi KvRwU †kªwYK‡ÿi evwn‡iI Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| •

†`․ov‡bv †kl n‡j mKj wkï‡K Zvi RvqMvq em‡Z ej‡eb|

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wkÿK axi j‡q (Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í) †Kvgjfv‡e Nyg cvovwb gvwm wcwm Qov MvbwU Kiv‡eb| Mv‡bi mgq wkÿK GKRb wkïi bvg ej‡eb Ges †m wkï †cQ‡b hv _vK‡e Zvi mv‡_ w`‡K †njvb w`‡q ev †g‡S‡Z ï‡q †PvL eÜ K‡i Ny‡gi fvb Ki‡e/wekªvg wb‡e| QovwU †hfv‡e MvB‡eNyg cvovwb gvwm wcwm †gv‡`i evwo G‡mv LvU †bB cvjs †bB †PvL †c‡Z e‡mv evUv fiv cvb †`‡ev Mvj fiv †L‡qv ------ (wkïi bvg) †Pv‡L Nyg †bB Nyg w`‡q †h‡qv|

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Gfv‡e me wkï‡`i wekªv‡gi my‡hvM w`‡eb|

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wkï‡`i mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb-KLb KLb wekªvg †bIqvi cÖ‡qvRb? wekªvg †bIqvi DcKvwiZv Kx?

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AwffveK mfvq wkï‡`i h_vmg‡q ch©vß wekªvg †bIqvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Kiv Ges wkïiv wbqwgZ Zv bv Ki‡j wkÿK‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb|

(Q) Amy¯Z ’ v wkLbdj: 8.1.10 mvaviY †ivM (R¡i, VvÛv jvMv, †c‡U e¨_v, gv_v e¨_v, Wvqwiqv BZ¨vw`) m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡e| 8.1.11 Amy¯’‡eva Ki‡j Zv ej‡Z cvi‡e| DcKiY: cÖv_wgK wPwKrmv wKU ev †Ljbv| c×wZ: •

†Zvgiv mevB fv‡jv Av‡Qv? †Zvgv‡i` g‡a¨ kixi Lvivc ev Amy¯  †eva KiP Kx †KD? - †KD Amy¯  n‡j Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb-Kx ai‡bi mgm¨v n‡‪Q? †Kb Amy¯  n‡jv?

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hw` wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †KD Amy¯  bv _v‡K Z‡e wb‡Ri mvaviY GKwU Amy¯ Zvi (†hgb-R¡i ev VvÛv jvMv ev Wvqwiqv) AwfÁZv wkï‡ì e‡j Amy¯ Zv welqK Av‡jvPbv ïiæ Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì ej‡eb Amy¯  nIqvi d‡j Kx ai‡bi mgm¨v Abyfe K‡i‡‡Q| †Kb Amy¯  n‡qwQ‡j e‡j Zzwg g‡b K‡iv| Kxfv‡e my¯  n‡j|

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Gevi wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb- †Zvgv‡ì mvaviYZ Kx Kx ai‡bi AmyL nq? GKRb GKRb K‡i wkï‡ì AwfÁZv ïb‡eb| Zv‡ì Kv‡Q Kx g‡b nq-Zviv †Kb Amy¯  n‡qwQj? Amy¯  n‡j Zviv Kx K‡i? Amy¯  n‡j Zv‡ì Kv‡Q †Kgb jv‡M? Amy¯  n‡j Zviv Kvi Kv‡Q cÖ_g Rvbvq?  Gfv‡e wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K R¡i, VvÛv jvMv, †cU e¨_v, gv_v e¨_v I Wvqwiqv RvZxq mvaviY †ivMe¨wa m¤^‡Ü m¤^‡Ü cÖkœ K‡i wewfbœ welq Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| Amy¯ Zv wel‡q wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv fyj aviYv _vK‡j Zv Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g cwi®‥vi Ki‡eb| †mB mv‡_ evwo‡Z Amy¯  †eva Ki‡j ZrÿwYKfv‡e gvZv-wcZv ev AwffveK‡K Rvbv‡bv Ges we`¨vj‡q Amy¯  n‡j †kªwY wkÿK‡K Rvbv‡bvi welqwU wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| wkÿK wkï‡ì cÖkœ Ki‡eb, mvaviY AmyL-wemyL (Wvqwiqv, †cU e¨_v, PzjKvwb, R¡i) Gov‡bvi Rb¨ Avgiv Kx Kx Ki‡Z cvwi? wkï‡ì mv‡L ïb‡eb Ges KiYxq c`‡ÿç‡jv Av‡jvPbv K‡i †kl Ki‡eb|

Amy¯’Zvi f~wgKvwfbq • wkï‡`i 4wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| `j fvM Kivi mgq MwY‡Zi Kg-†ewki aviYvi KvR-2 Abyhvqx `j MVb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| • 4wU `‡ji bvgKiY Kivi †ÿ‡Î cÖ_g `‡ji bvg R¡i, wØZxq `‡ji bvg gv_v e¨_v ev †cU e¨_v, Z…Zxq `‡ji bvg mw`©-Kvwk Ges †kl `‡ji bvg Wvqwiqv ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i| • cÖwZwU `j Zv‡`i `‡ji bvg Abyhvqx f~wgKvwfbq Ki‡e| GKRb †ivMx, GKRb Wv³vi Ges †KD †KD AwffveK, fvB-†evb, AvZ¥xq-¯^R‡bi f~wgKvq Awfbq Ki‡e|

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wbivcËv (K) wecRbK e¯Íy I wec‡ì Drm wkLbdj: 8.2.1 wec¾bK e¯Íy ev wec‡ì Drm wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e, †hgb-Av¸b, •e`y¨wZK miÄvg, Jla, KxUbvkK, fv½v Møvm, Qzwi, KuvwP, `v, †`qvkjvB, †Wvev, cyKzi, b`x-bvjv, Mv‡Q DVv BZ¨vw`| DcKiY: wd¬c PvU© (wec¾bK e¯Íy I wec‡ì Drm)| c×wZ: •

wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-†Zvgv‡ì Av‡kcv‡k Kx Kx wec¾bK e¯Íy Av‡Q? wec¾bK e¯Íy ej‡Z †hme e¯Íy Øviv wb‡Ri ÿwZ ev AvnZ nIqvi m¤¢vebv Av‡Q Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|  wkïiv †hme e¯Íyi bvg ej‡e Zv wj÷ Ki‡eb| GKBfv‡e wec‡ì Dr‡mi bvg wj÷ Ki‡eb|  wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †Kb e¯Íy ev Drmmg~n wec¾bK?

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wd¬c Pv‡U©i c„ôv 11-12 cÖ`k©b Ki‡eb Ges wkïiv †hme e¯Íyi bvg e‡j‡Q Zvi mv‡Z wgjv‡Z ej‡eb| †hme e¯Íyi bvg wkïiv e‡jwb †me e¯Íy wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| wec¾bK e¯Íy wb‡q wkï‡`i wb‡Ri ev eÜzevÜ‡ei †Kv‡bv AwfÁZv _vK‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

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Kxfv‡e wec¾bK e¯Íymg~n †_‡K wb‡R‡K iÿv Kiv hvq Zv wb‡q wkï‡`i mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cÖwZwU e¯Íy I Drm wb‡q Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

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†Ljbv wec¾bK e¯Íy wb‡q f~wgKvwfb‡qi Av‡qvRb Ki‡eb|

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(L) muvZvi wkLbdj: 8.2.2 wbqgKvbyb †R‡b wbivc‡` muvZvi KvU‡Z DrmvwnZ n‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB| c×wZ: •

wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †K †K muvZvi Rv‡b| hviv muvZvi Rv‡b Zv‡ì‡K wewfbœ cÖkœ K‡i muvZvi m¤ú‡K© Ab¨‡ì †K․Zznjx K‡i Zzj‡eb| †hgb-Kxfv‡e I Kvi KvQ †_‡K muvZvi wk‡L‡Q? muvZvi KvU‡Z †Kgb jv‡M? muvZvi KvUvi cÖ‡qARbxqZv Kx?

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wkï‡`i wb‡q muvZvi †kLvi f~wgKvwfbq Ki‡eb|

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muvZvi wb‡q wb‡P D‡jøwLZ mvaviY mZK©Zv¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|  muvZvi †kLv ev muvZvi KvUvi mgq Aek¨B AwffveK ev eo †KD m‡½ _vK‡Z n‡e| AwffveK Qvov †Kv‡bvfv‡eB †Kv‡bv wkïi cvwb‡Z bvgv wVK bv|

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 cwi®‥vi cvwb‡Z muvZvi KvUv DwPZ| Acwi‪Qbœ, cuPv I `yM©Ühy³ cvwb‡Z muvZvi KvUv AbywPZ|  cvwb‡Z †b‡g gvivgvwi ev `yózwg Kiv DwPZ bq|  muvZvi KvUvi mgq nvév ai‡bi †cvkvK ci‡Z nq| AwffveK mfvq wkï‡`i muvZvi †kLv‡bvi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb Ges cieZ©x‡Z welqwU wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ cybt Aby‡iv` Ki‡eb|

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(O) wec‡` Avwg fq Kwibv wkLbdj: 8.2.4 wec¾bK cwiw¯ wZ‡Z Kvi KvQ †_‡K mnvqZv PvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i Zv kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges mnvqZv PvB‡Z cvi‡e| 8.2.5 AcwiwPZ Kv‡iv KvQ †_‡K †Kv‡bv wKQz (PK‡jU, †Ljbv, UvKv BZ¨vw`) MÖnY Ki‡e bv I AcwiwPZ Kv‡iv mv‡_ hv‡e bv| 8.2.6 cÖwZK~j cwiw¯ wZ ey‡S †m Abyhvqx mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡e| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB| c×wZ: • wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb wewfbœ iKg wec¾bK cwiw¯ wZ‡Z (†hgb-c_ nvwi‡q †djvb, nVvr K‡i eo‡ì gvivgvwi ev MÛ‡Mv‡ji g‡a¨ cov, iv¯Ívq K‡iv mv‡_ SMov ev gvivgvwi‡Z Rwo‡q cov) †KD c‡owQ‡jv wKbv? wkï‡ì Zvi wb‡Ri ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv GiKg AwfÁZv n‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| • wec¾bK cwiw¯ wZ‡Z KvbœvKvwU bv K‡i Kxfv‡e wec¾bK cwiw¯ wZ †gvKv‡ejv Kiv hvq, cÖwZwU cwiw¯ wZ wb‡q Avjv`v Avjvfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb †hgb cÖwZwU wkï‡K Zvi wVKvbv gyL¯  Kiv‡Z n‡e| wkï‡ì †Rvovq †Rvovq ev `‡j wb‡Ri wVKvbv Ab¨‡ì ejvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| gv-evev ev †h‡Kv‡bv GKRb cwiwPZ e¨w³i AšÍZ GKwU †gvevBj b¤î wkï‡ì w`‡q gyL¯  evÂbxq|  †KD c_ nvwi‡d †dj‡j KvbœvKvwU bv K‡i cywjk ev †Kv‡bv eq¯‥ e¨w³‡K Rvbv‡e †h †m c_ nvwi‡d †d‡j‡Q| wb‡Ri wVKvbv Ges †gvevBj b¤î w`‡q cwiev‡ii ev cwiwPZ e¨w³i wbKU K_v e‡j, †m †hLv‡b Av‡Q, †mLv‡b Avm‡Z ej‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv cwiw¯ ‡ZB Kv‡iv mv‡_ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv RvqMvq hvIqv wVK n‡e bv| †KD wKQz †L‡Z w`‡j LvIqv wVK n‡e bv| gv-evev ev cwiwPZ †KD Avmvi ci mv‡_ evmvq wdi‡Z n‡e|  eo‡ì gvivgvwi ev MÛ‡Mv‡ji g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv wkï co‡j gv_v VvÛv †i‡L MÛ‡Mv‡ji ¯ vb Z¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e|  iv¯Ívq Kv‡iv mv‡_ SMov ev gvivgvwi‡Z †KD hv‡Z Rwo‡q bv c‡o, Zvi Rb¨ cÖwZwU wkï‡K mveavb K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| Ab¨ †KD B‡‪Q K‡i SMov ev gvivgvwi Ki‡Z PvB‡j gv_v †Kv‡bvfv‡eB Mig Kiv hv‡e bv| gv_v VvÛv †i‡L †mB ¯ vb Z¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e| evmv ev we`¨vj‡q wd‡i gv-evev ev wkÿK‡K Aek¨B NUbvwU Rvbv‡Z n‡e| • AcwiwPZ e¨w³i wbKU †_‡K wKQz MÖnY Ki‡j Kx Kx ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i Zv wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Kiæb| Avcwb wb‡RI wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvq AskMÖnY Kiæb| AcwiwPZ e¨w³i mv‡_ †Kv_vI bv hvIqvi wel‡q wkï‡ì mZK© K‡i w`‡eb| • So, f~wgK¤ú, Av¸b jvMv ev mv‡ci gy‡LvgywL nIqv wel‡q wkï‡ì AwfÁZv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| GiKg cwiw¯ wZ‡Z wK iKg Abyf~wZ nq Zv wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| Gme cwiw¯ wZ‡Z Kx Kx n‡Z cv‡i Zv wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| GiKg cwiw¯ wZ‡Z co‡j Kx iKg mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb †hgbwkÿK mnvwqKv

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cÖ‡R± ch©v‡jvPbv: cÖwZwU `j Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ cÖ‡R± wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e| `jxq AwfÁZv mK‡ji mv‡_ wewbgq Ki‡e| KvRwU Kxfv‡e Av‡iv my›ìfv‡e Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Zv wb‡q mK‡j Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e| cÖ‡R±wU †_‡K wkïiv bZzb Kx Kx wk‡L‡Q? cÖ‡R±wU ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z †Kvb welq¸‡jv wkï‡ì fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q I †Kvb KvR¸‡jv Zv‡ì Kv‡Q P¨v‡jwÄs g‡b n‡q‡Q? we`¨vjq, †kªwYKÿ, wbR evwo I Av‡kcv‡ki cwi‡ek memgq cwi®‥vi cwi‪Qbœ ivLvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì DØy× Ki‡Z n‡e|

2. cÖ‡R± bvg: ex‡Ri A¼z‡iv`Mg cÖwµqv wkLbdj: MvQcvjv I cïcvwLi cÖwZ hZœkxj n‡e| c×wZ: • Av‡jvPbv: exR †_‡K A¼z‡iv`Mg cÖwµqv wel‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| cÖ‡R‡±i KvR wb‡q wkï‡ì aviYv w`b| • `j MVb: wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM Kiæb| 4wU Dw™¢‡ì bv‡g `j¸‡jv bvgKiY Kiæb| • cwiKíbv cÖYqb: wkïiv `jMZ cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ki‡e| cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b †h welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Ki‡e Zv n‡jv cÖwZwU `‡ji GKRb `j‡bZv wbe©vPb  exR wbe©vPb, exR ec‡bi ¯ vb wba©viY, exR ec‡bi cwiKíbv cÖYqb (cÖ‡qvR‡b U‡e exR ecb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i)  `‡j wkï‡ì wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ `vwqZ¡eÈb  cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wbe©vPb Ges DcKiY msMÖ‡ni Dcvq I Drm wba©vib • cÖ‡R± ev¯Íevqb:  wkïiv `‡j exR ec‡bi Rb¨ gvwU cÖ¯ÍyZ Ki‡e| exR ecY Ki‡e I cÖ‡qvRbxq cwigvY cvwb †`‡e| ¯ vbwU msiÿ‡Yi eë¯ v Ki‡e A_©vr m¤¢e n‡j exR ec‡bi ¯ vbwU †Niv †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|  cÖwZw`b wkïiv exR ec‡bi ¯ vb ch©‡eÿY Ki‡e| cÖ‡qvRbxq cwigvY cvwb †`‡e| †bvsiv AveR©bv co‡j Zv cwi®‥vi Ki‡e|  cÖwZw`‡bi cwieZ©b¸‡jv wbweofv‡e jÿ¨ Ki‡e|  A¼z‡iv`Mg nevi ci wkïiv AsKzi wbweofv‡e ch©‡eÿY Ki‡e| A¼zi †_‡K Kxfv‡e cvZv nq Zv cÖw`w`b jÿ¨ Ki‡e|  wkïiv exR ecb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cvZv nIqv ch©šÍ wewfbœ av‡ci avivevwnK wPÎ AuvK‡e| `jMZfv‡e Zv‡ì KvR Dc¯ vcb Ki‡e|  cÖwZw`‡bi cwieZ©b¸‡jv wb‡q †kÖwYK‡ÿ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e| • cÖ‡R± ch©v‡jvPbv:  Kxfv‡e GKwU exR †_‡K A¼yi nq †mLvb †_‡K cvZv nq Zv wb‡q wkïiv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e|  Dw™¢` Avgv‡ì Kx Kx DcKv‡i Av‡m Zv wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|  Mv‡Qi hZœ wb‡Z wkï‡ì DØy× Ki‡Z n‡e|  cÖ‡R±wU †_‡K wkïiv bZzb Kx Kx wk‡L‡Q?  cÖ‡R±wU ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z †Kvb welq¸‡jv wkï‡ì fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q I †Kvb KvR¸‡jv Zv‡ì Kv‡Q P¨v‡jwÄs g‡b n‡q‡Q? cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

187

3. cÖ‡R± bvg: Avgv‡ì cQ‡›ì dzj, dj, mewR I gvQ | wkLbdj: • ch©‡eÿY I K‡_vcK_‡bi gva¨‡g Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z cvi‡e| • wewfbœ •ewk‡óï wfwË‡Z msM„nxZ Z_¨mg~‡ni †kªwYKiY, Zzjbv I Dc¯ vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| avcmg~n: • `jMVb: wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM Ki‡Z n‡e| 4wU wfbœ wfbœ bv‡g `j¸‡jvi bvgKiY Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ_g `‡ji bvg dzj, wØZxq `‡ji bvg dj, Z…Zxq `‡ji bvg mewR Ges PZz_© `‡ji bvg gvQ| • Av‡jvPbv: †Kvb `‡ji Kx `vwqZ¡ Zv wb‡q we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| • cÖ_g `j A_©vr dzj `‡ji KvR n‡jv †kªwY‡Z Dcw¯ Z wkïiv 4wU dz‡ji (Muv`v, Rev, kvcjv, m~h©gywL) g‡a¨ †Kvb dzj me‡P‡q †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zv cÖwZwU wkïi mv‡_ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e K_v e‡j Rvbv, Z_¨¸‡jv msMÖn Kiv I †kªwYK‡ÿi|  wØZxq `j A_©vr dj `‡ji KvR n‡jv †kªwY‡Z Dcw¯ Z wkïiv 4wU d‡ji (KuvVvj, †cu‡c, †cqviv, Kjv) g‡a¨ †Kvb dj me‡P‡q †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zv cÖwZwU wkïi mv‡_ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e K_v e‡j Rvbv, Z_¨¸‡jv msMÖn Kiv I Zv‡ì cQ‡›ì Zzjbv Kiv|  Z…Zxq `j A_©vr mewR `‡ji KvR n‡jv †kªwY‡Z Dcw¯ Z wkïiv 4wU mewRi (wkg, jvD, †e¸b I dzjKwc) g‡a¨ †Kvb mewR me‡P‡q †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zv cÖwZwU wkïi mv‡_ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e K_v e‡j Rvbv, Z_¨¸‡jv msMÖn Kiv I Zv‡ì cQ‡›ì Zzjbv Kiv|  PZz_© `j A_©vr gvQ `‡ji KvR n‡jv †kªwY‡Z Dcw¯ Z wkïiv 4wU gv‡Qi (•K, wks, iæB, cv½vm) g‡a¨ †Kvb gvQ me‡P‡q †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zv cÖwZwU wkïi mv‡_ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e K_v e‡j Rvbv, Z_¨¸‡jv msMÖn Kiv I Zv‡ì cQ‡›ì Zzjbv Kiv| dzj, dj, mewR I gv‡Qi bvg ¯ vbxqwfwË‡Z cwieZ©b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkï‡ì Kv‡Q cwiwPZ I wcÖq dzj, dj, mewR I gv‡Qi bvg eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e †Mvjvc dzj, Avg I Bwjk gv‡Qi bvg eënvi bv KivB DwPZ KviY †m‡ÿ‡Î mKj wkï ïaygvÎ †Mvjvc dzj, Avg I Bwjk gvQ cQ›` Ki‡Z cv‡i d‡j GB cÖ‡R‡±i g~j D‡Ïk¨ e¨nZ n‡Z cv‡i| • cwiKíbv cÖYqb: wkïiv `jMZ cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ki‡e| cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b †h welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Ki‡e Zv n‡jv cÖwZwU `‡ji GKRb `j‡bZv wbe©vPb  `‡j wkï‡ì wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ `vwqZ¡ eÈb  cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wbe©vPb Ges DcKiY msMÖ‡ni Dcvq I Drm wba©viY  KvRwU m¤ú~Y© Kivi Rb¨ cwiKíbv cÖYqb • ev¯Íevqb: wb‡gœ DwjøwLZ av‡c av‡c wkïiv cÖ‡R± ev¯Íevqb Ki‡e cÖwZwU `‡ji GKRb `j‡bZv wbe©vPb  Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni gva¨g: cÖwZwU `j cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kªwYi wkï‡ì †gvU msL¨vi A‡a©K msL¨K GKB gv‡ci KvMR (AvbygvwbK A-4 mvBR) msMÖn Ki‡e ev LvZv †_‡K †K‡U wb‡e| wkÿK mnvwqKv

188

KvMR¸‡jv mgvbfv‡e A‡a©K Ki‡e| `‡j e‡m cÖwZwU KvM‡R `j Abyhvqx wPÎ AuvK‡e| †hgb-dzj `j cÖwZwU Kv‡W©B Muv`v, Rev, kvcjv I m~h©gywL dz‡ji wPÎ AuvK‡e| dj `j cÖwZwU Kv‡W©B KuvVvj, †cu‡c, †cqviv I Kjvi wPÎ AuvK‡e| mewR `j cÖwZwU Kv‡W© wkg, jvD, †e¸b I dzjKwci wPÎ AuvK‡e| gvQ `j cÖwZwU Kv‡W© •K, wks, iæB I cv½vm gv‡Qi wPÎ AuvK‡e| cÖwZwU `j‡KB †kªwY‡Z hZRb wkï i‡q‡Q Zvi mgvb msL¨K KvW© evbv‡Z n‡e|  Z_¨ msMÖn: †kªwYi cÖwZwU wkïi Kv‡Q wb‡Ri `‡ji m`m¨`mn Rvb‡Z PvB‡e Zviv †KvbwU cQ›` K‡i| cÖwZwU wkïi cQ›`‡K Avjv`v Kv‡W© wUK wPý w`‡q ivL‡Z n‡e|  Z_¨ †kªwYKiY: wUK wPý ev †Mvj `v‡Mi Dci wfwË K‡i KvW©¸‡jv Avjv`v Ki‡Z n‡e| A_©vr dj `‡ji †ÿ‡Î KuvVvj, †cu‡c, †cqviv I kvcjv wUK wPý †`qv¸‡jv Avjv`v Avjv`v Ki‡Z n‡e|  Z_¨ Dc¯’vcb: cÖwZwU `j Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e Zv‡ì msM„nxZ Z_¨ Dc¯ vcb Ki‡e| Dc¯ vc‡bi †ÿ‡Î GKB ai‡bi wUK wPý †`qv KvW©¸‡jv GKUvi Dci GKUv AvVv w`‡q PK †ev‡W© jvMv‡Z n‡e| wPÎ Abyhvqx dj `‡ji †ÿ‡Î KuvVvj, †cu‡c, †cqviv I Kjv wUK wPý †`qv KvW©¸‡jv cvkvcvwk jvMv‡Z n‡e| cvkvcvwk Dc¯ vwcZ KvW©¸‡jvi D‪PZv †`‡L wkïiv ej‡e Zv‡ì †kªwYi wkïiv †Kvb dj me‡P‡q †ewk cQ›` K‡i| †Kvb dj me‡P‡q Kg wkï cQ›` K‡i| †Kvb d‡ji †P‡q †Kvb dj †ewk cQ›` K‡i| Gfv‡e †ev‡W© Dc¯ vwcZ KvW© †`‡L wkÿK ev Ab¨ `‡ji m`mïv cÖkœ Ki‡e Avi Dc¯ vcbKvix `j Zvi DËi †èvi †Póv Ki‡e|  ch©v‡jvPbv: mKj `‡ji Dc¯ vcb †kl n‡j wkï‡ì wb‡q Zviv †h cÖ‡R± m¤ú~Y© K‡i‡Q Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| Av‡jvPbvq wb‡P D‡jøwLZ welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i* cÖ‡R±wU †_‡K wkïiv bZzb Kx Kx wk‡L‡Q? * cÖ‡R±wU ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z †Kvb welq¸‡jv wkï‡ì fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q I †Kvb KvR¸‡jv Zv‡ì Kv‡Q P¨v‡jwÄs g‡b n‡q‡Q?

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wk¶v

189 189

AwffveK mfv I g~j¨vqb AwffveK mfv AwffveK mfv I Gi D‡Ïk¨ AwffveK mfv cwiPvjbv †K․kj g~j¨vqb msµvšÍ Av‡jvPbv AwffveK mfvq Av‡jvPbvi welq

wkÿK mnvwqKv

190

g~j¨vqb g~j¨vq‡bi D‡Ïk g~j¨vq‡bi †ÿÎ g~j¨vq‡bi •ewkó¨ g~j¨vqb †K․kj g~j¨vqb Z_¨ we‡kølY I AwffveK‡K AewnZKiY

AwffveK mfv (K) AwffveK mfv I Gi D‡Ïk¨ wkïi cÖ_g wkÿK n‡jb Zvi gvZvwcZv| R‡b¥i ci gvZvwcZvB Zv‡K †L‡Z †kLvb, nuvU‡Z †kLvb, K_v ej‡Z †kLvb| Zvici ax‡i ax‡i wkï Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek I gvbyl¸‡jvi mv‡_ wg_w®…qv K‡i µgvMZ AviI bZzb bZzb welq wkL‡Z _v‡K| Gici †m hLb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q Av‡m, ZLbI †m cÖwZw`b †Kej AvovB NÈv mgq we`¨vj‡q KvUvq| w`‡bi evwK mgqUzKz †m KvUvq cwiev‡i| myZivs wkïi weKvk I wkL‡b wkÿ‡Ki cvkvcvwk gvZvwcZvi f~wgKvI AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| GRb¨ wkïi mvwe©K weKvk wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ gvZvwcZv‡K wkïi weKvk m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb I G cÖwµqvq Zv‡`i‡K wbweofv‡e m¤ú„³ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| †m D‡Ï‡k¨B wkÿK cÖwZ gv‡m GKevi AwffveK mfvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡eb|

(L)

AwffveK mfv cwiPvjbv †KŠkj

AwffveK mfv cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î Lye mywbw`©ó aiveuvav wbqg-Kvby‡bi cwie‡Z© A‡cÿvK…Z bgbxq †K․kj Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e| wkÿK Zvi we`¨vjq I Gi Av‡kcv‡ki GjvKvi cwi‡ek-cwiw¯ wZ, ms¯‥…wZ Abyhvqx mfvi mgq I cwiPvjbv †K․kj wba©viY Ki‡eb| mfvi ZvwiL I mgq wVK Kivi mgq wkÿK AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i Zv‡ì myweavRbK mg‡q wVK Ki‡eb| wkÿK gv‡m GKevi K¬vm †kl nIqvi c‡i GK NÈve¨vcx mfvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡eb| Av‡jvPbvi †ÿ‡Î wkÿK wb¤œwjwLZ c`‡ÿç‡jv AbymiY Ki‡eb, • mfvi ïiæ‡Z Kzkjvw` wewbgq K‡i wkÿK wkïiv †kÖwYK‡ÿ Kx Kx wkL‡Q, Zv‡ì Abyf~wZ, fv‡jv jvMv g›` jvMv, BZ¨vw` wb‡q K_v ej‡eb| cÖwZ gv‡mB wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkï‡ì Pjgvb Kv‡Ri AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© AwffveK‡ì mvaviYfv‡e AewnZ Ki‡eb| Gmgq wkÿK wkï‡ì nv‡Zi KvR †hgb-Qwe, Kv`v gvwU w`‡q •ZwiK…Z KvR, †jLvi LvZv BZ¨vw` †`Lv‡Z cv‡ib| G‡ÿ‡Î cªvK-cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq ïiæi w`‡K wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ eëüZ wkLb †kLv‡bv I †Ljbv DcKiY cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| • Gici wkÿK c~e©wba©vwiZ cÖ‡qvRbxq welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb, †hgb-mwVK mg‡q ¯‥z‡j Dcw¯ wZ, ¯‥z‡ji cvkvcvwk evwo‡ZI cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv †g‡b Pjv BZ¨vw`| • me‡k‡l wkÿK AwffveK‡ì cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ¯‧‡ii g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡eb| GQvovI, g~j¨vqb MvBWjvB‡bi Av‡jv‡K wkÿK wkïi AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© mswkøó AwffveK‡K AewnZ Ki‡eb| cÖ‡qvRb mv‡c‡ÿ, AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i wkïi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨vw` msMÖn Ki‡eb|

(M)

g~j¨vqb msµvšÍ Av‡jvPbv

AwffveK mfvq wkÿK AwffveK‡`i cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ¯‧‡ii g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡eb| GQvovI, g~j¨vb MvBWjvB‡bi Av‡jv‡K wkÿK wkïi AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© mswkøó AwffveK‡K AewnZ Ki‡eb| cÖ‡qvRb mv‡c‡ÿ, AwffveK‡`i mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i wkïi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨vw` msMÖn Ki‡eb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

191

mfvq wkÿL wb‡R me K_v bv e‡j AwffveK‡`i †ewk K_v ejvi my‡hvM K‡i †`‡eb, Zv‡`i mKj‡ DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z mfvq gv‡S gv‡S cÖavb wkÿK ev GmGgwmi mfvcwZ ev m`m¨ Dcw¯ Z _vK‡j cvi‡j fv‡jv nq|

(N)

AwffveK mfvq Av‡jvPbvi welq

mvaviYfv‡e AwffveK mfvq Av‡jvPbvi g~j welqe¯‧ n‡‪Q wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkï‡ì mv‡_ Kx Kx KvR K‡ib (†hgb-Qwe AuvKv, Mvb, Mí, Qov, †Ljv cwi®‥vi-cwi‪QbœZv, eY© I msL¨v †kLv BZ¨vw`), †Kb G¸‡jv K‡ib ev G¸‡jvi D‡Ïk¨ Kx, Gme Kv‡R gvZvwcZv Kxfv‡e mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib (¯‥z‡j †kLv welq¸‡jv evwo‡Z wkïi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv, †Ljbv •Zwi K‡i †Ìqv), wkïi weKv‡k Zv‡ì f~wgKv Kx BZ¨vw`| wb‡P mfvq Av‡jvPbv Kiv, †Ljbv •Zwi K‡i †Ìqv), wkïi weKv‡k Zv‡ì f~wgKv Kx BZ¨vw`| wb‡P mfvq Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ KZ¸‡jv m¤¢ve¨ welq Ges †mB m‡½ †mB wel‡q Kx Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb †m m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡jv| wkÿK G welq¸‡jv †_‡K Zvi †cÖÿvc‡U cÖvmw½K Ggb welqe¯‧ wbe©vPb Ki‡eb| wkÿK AwffveK mfv ïiæi Av‡MB welqe¯‧ mswkøó Z‡_¨ wfwË‡Z cÖ¯‧wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb| g‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb, Av‡jvPbvi welq¸‡jv µg Abymv‡i wba©viY Kiv bq| wkÿK †h‡Kv‡bv welq wb‡q †h‡Kv‡bv mgq Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib, KL‡bv KL‡bv GKB mfvq GKvwaK wel‡qI Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wb‡¤œv³ welq¸‡jv ïay wkÿK‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨| Gi evB‡iI †h‡Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRbxqI ¯ vbxqfv‡e cÖvmw½K welq Av‡jvPbvi welqe¯‧ n‡Z cv‡i|

1. wkïi weKvk I wkïi weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv: mvaviYZ Avgiv mK‡jB wkïi my¯  I ¯^vfvweK weKvk ej‡Z ïay Zvi kix‡ii e„w×‡KB eywS| ZvB wkïi IRb, D‪PZv, ¯^v¯ ¨ wVK Av‡Q wKbv, AmyL wemyL n‡jv wKbv †mw`‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`B| wkïi kvixwiK e„w×i Gme w`K Aek¨B ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Z‡e Gi cvkvcvwk Zvi gvbwmK, mvgvwRK, Av‡ewMK, •bwZK weKvkI Zvi cwic~ Y© weKv‡ki Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| †mRb¨ Zvi Lvevi-`vevi I h‡Zœi cvkvcvwk Zv‡K Avì-fv‡jvevmv †`qv, wPšÍv I AbymÜvb Kivi my‡hvM K‡i †Ìqv, Ab¨ wkï‡ì mv‡_ †gjv‡gkv I †Ljvayjv Kiv, wb‡Ri KvR wb‡R Kivi Af¨vm M‡o †Zvjv, m„Rbkxj KvR Ki‡Z Drmvn †Ìqv cÖ‡qvRb| Gfv‡e wkïi kixi, gb, eyw×gËv, K_v ejv I Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM, fv‡jv eënvi I Avè-Kvq`v, •bwZKZv BZ¨vw` mKj w`‡K Zvi weKvk wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| myZvivs gvZvwcZviI ïay eBwbf©i covi w`‡K bv ZvwK‡q evwo‡Z wkïi †Ljvayjvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Zvi mvg‡b evwoi eoiv fv‡jv KvR I Rxeb-hvc‡bi `„óvšÍ ¯ vcb Ki‡Z n‡e, †hgb-A‡bï gZvg‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ †`qv, kÖ×v Kiv, mgqg‡Zv KvR Kiv, cwi®‥vi-cwi‪Qbœ _vKv, mZ¨ I b¨v‡qi c‡_ Pjv, AmyweavMÖ¯Í‡ì mvnvh¨mn‡hvwMZv Kiv| evwoi eoiv G¸‡jv PP©v bv Ki‡j wkïivI G¸‡jv wkL‡e bv| †Kbbv wkïiv cÖwZwbqZ †`‡L, ï‡b I AbyKiY K‡i †k‡L| myZivs wkïi mvwe©K weKv‡k gvZvwcZvi GKwU eo f~wgKv i‡q‡Q| GRb¨ gvZvwcZv wkïi mv‡_ wbqwgZ †h KvR¸‡jv Ki‡Z cv‡ib †m¸‡jv n‡jv• wkï‡K cywóKi Lvevi †Ìqv; • wkï‡K h‡_ó Avì-hZœ I fv‡jvevmv †Ìqv; • wkïi K_v g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q †kvbv, •ah©¨ a‡i Zvi mKj cÖ‡kœi DËi †Ìqv, wewfbœ wel‡q †hgbwe`¨vj‡qi KvR wb‡q Zvi mv‡_ K_v ejv, Zvi eÜz‡ì m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z PvIqv; wkÿK mnvwqKv

192

• • • • •

wkïi wbqwgZ I mgqg‡Zv ¯‥z‡i Dcw¯ wZ wbwðZ Kiv; wkï‡K evwo‡Z eB c‡o †kvbv‡bv / Mí †kvbv‡bv, †Ljv Kiv; wkïi mv‡_ †Lvjv‡gjv eÜzZ¡c~Y© m¤úK© ivLv; wkïi Rb¨ eB, †Ljbv BZ¨vw` †RvMvo Kiv Ges evwo‡Z Zvi Rb¨ GKwU Avjv`v †Ljvi RvqMv ivLv; evwoi Ab¨ m`m¨‡`i g‡Zv wkïwU‡KI h‡_ó ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv Ges wewfbœ wel‡q Zvi gZvgZ †kvbv BZ¨vw`|

2. wkïi weKv‡k evevi f~wgKv Avgv‡`i mgv‡R wkï Rb¥`vb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i Zvi jvjb-cvjb I h‡Zœ mvaviYZ gv‡q‡`i‡KB g~L¨ f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq| GgbwK Zvi †jLvcov I Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î weKv‡kI gv‡KB g~L¨ `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z nq| eveviv wkïi †e‡o IVv I weKv‡k Lye KgB m¤ú„³ nb| †Kbbv mvaviYZ a‡i †bIqv n‡q †h, evevi `vwqZ¡ Avq-DcvR©b Kiv, evRvi-m`vB Kiv I evwoi evB‡ii Ab¨vb¨ KvR m¤úv`b Kiv| wkïi weKv‡k evevi f~wgKv Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e Kg| wKš‧ M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q †hme †ÿ‡Î gv‡qi cvkvcvwk evevI wkïi e„w× I weKv‡k mwµq f~wgKv †i‡L‡Qb, †mme †ÿ‡Î wkïi weKvk A‡bK †ewk Z¡ivwš^Z nq| wkïi Av`k© Zvi evev-gv `yBR‡bB| wkï `yBR‡bi Kv‡Q †_‡K mgvb hZœ I g‡bv‡hvM cÖZ¨vkv nq| wkïi Av`k© Zvi evev-gv `yBR‡bB| wkï `yBR‡bi KvQ †_‡KB mgvb hZœ I g‡bv‡hvM cÖZ¨vkv K‡i| ZvB hZUv m¤¢e evev‡KI wkïi jvjbcvjb I weKv‡ki Kv‡R m¤ú„³ n‡Z n‡e| G‡Z K‡i cvwievwiK eÜb `„p n‡e Ges wkïi cieZx© Rxe‡b GKRb fv‡jv gvbyl wn‡m‡e M‡o IVvi m¤¢vebv e„w× cv‡e|

3. we`¨vj‡qi Kv‡R Awffve‡Ki KiYxq wkïi weKvk wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ gvZvwcZv evwo‡Z †hgb bvbv ai‡bi KvR Ki‡eb, †Zgwb we`¨vj‡qI G `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †hme Kv‡R Zviv we`¨vjq I wkÿK‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib †m¸‡jv n‡jv• wbqwgZ AwffveK mfvq Dcw¯ Z _vKv; • †kªwYi Kv‡R wkÿK‡K mnvqZv Kiv; • ¯ vbxqfv‡e cvIqv hvq Ggb †Ljbv, eB I Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY m¤¢e n‡j †kÖwYK‡ÿ mieivn Kiv ev ¯ vbxq DcKiY eënvi K‡i wewfbœ DcKiY •Zwi K‡i †`qv; • wkÿK‡ì mv‡_ mvgvwRK †hvMv‡hvM ivLv; • we`¨vj‡qi Dbœqb Kv‡R mnvqZv cÖ`vb; • ¯ vbxq we‡`¨vrmvnx e¨w³‡ì mv‡_ we`¨vj‡qi Kvh©Ki †hvMv‡hvM ¯ vc‡b mnvqZv Kiv BZ¨vw`|

4. wkïi weKv‡k †Ljvi ¸iæZ¡ cÖwZwU wkïB mnRvZfv‡e †Ljvayiv Ki‡Z Pvq| Zviv GKv GKv ev `‡j Ab¨ wkï‡`i mv‡_ wg‡j bvbv ai‡bi †Ljv †Lj‡Z fv‡jvev‡m| A‡bK mgq Avgiv eoiv a‡i †bB †h, wkï‡`i Gme †Ljvayjvi we‡kl †Kv‡bv g~j¨ †bB| G‡Z ïay ïay mgq bó nq, G‡Z wkïi †Kv‡bv DcKvi †Zv nqB bv, eis Zvi ÿwZ nq| †Ljvayjv K‡i Af¨vm bó bv K‡i Zvi Avm‡j ¯‥z‡ji eB cov DwPr, hv‡Z †m fwel¨‡Z cixÿvq fv‡jv djvdj Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZvB A‡bK †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB Avgiv Zvi Dci A‡bK cov‡jLvi †evSv Pvwc‡q †`B Ges Zvi fv‡jv bv cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

193

jvM‡jI Zv‡K cov‡jLv Ki‡Z eva¨ Kwi| G‡Z Zvi covi cÖwZ †hgb weZ…òv •Zwi nq †Zgwb †m A‡bK ai‡bi weKvk †_‡KI ewÂZ nq| wkï hLb †L‡j †m kvwiixK mvg_© AR©b K‡i, wbqg-Kvbyb AbymiY Ki‡Z †k‡L, ¸Y‡ZI cwigvc Ki‡Z †k‡L, hyw³-eyw× cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z †k‡L, mevi mv‡_ wg‡j Pj‡Z †k‡L, A‡bï gZvg‡Zi g~j¨ w`‡Z †k‡L, †kqvwis Ki‡Z †k‡L, wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z †k‡L, †Ljvq †bZ…Z¡ †Ìqv I A‡bï †bZ…Z¡ †g‡b wb‡Z †k‡L| Avm‡j †Ljvi gva¨‡g wkï‡ì †h KZ ai‡bi weKvk nq Zv e‡j †kl Kiv hv‡e bv| ZvB wkï‡ì‡K †Ljvi Rb¨ my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Ges g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, †Ljv wkïi AwaKvi| G AwaKvi †_‡K Zv‡K ewÂZ Kiv Ab¨vq|

5. †Q‡j‡g‡q mevB mgvb mvwe©K weKv‡ki Rb¨ †Q‡j-†g‡q Df‡qiB mgvb mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb| †Q‡j-†g‡q Df‡qB gvbyl Ges mewKQz‡Z `yBR‡biB mgvb AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| myZivs evev-gv wn‡m‡e Avgv‡ì `vwqZ¡ n‡e †Q‡j-†g‡q Df‡qi mv‡_ GKB iKg eënvi Kiv, Zv‡ì †jLvcov, †Ljvayjv I wPwKrmvi †ÿ‡Î mgvbfv‡e my‡hvM cÖ`vb Kiv, Ges †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡ZB †Kv‡bv ai‡bi •elg¨ bv Kiv| GKRb mymšÍvb, †m †Q‡j †nvK ev †g‡q, †m gvZvwcZv, cwievi, mgvR I RvwZi m¤ú`| myZivs mymšÍvb •Zwi‡Z gvZvwcZv wn‡m‡e Av`v‡ì `vwqZ¡UzKz Avgv‡ì cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e|

6. m„RbkxjZv‡K Drmvn †Ìqv wkïiv GKBiKg KvR evievi bv K‡i bZzb bZzb KvR Ki‡Z Pvq, bZzb bZzb wRwbm wb‡q bZzb bZzb †Ljv †Lj‡Z Pvq, bZzb bZzb wRwbm evbv‡Z Pvq| Zv‡ì G ai‡bi Kv‡R euvav bv w`‡q AviI Drmvn †Ìqv DwPZ| G‡Z Zviv AviI m„Rbkxj n‡q I‡V| †hgb, †m hw` Zvi wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i Kíbv wgwk‡q dzj, cvwL, Ni BZ¨vw` AuvK‡Z cv‡i, AvKv‡ki is bxj bv w`‡q meyR w`‡Z cv‡i| ZLb GUv nqwb bv e‡j eis †Kb †m Gfv‡e AuvK‡jv ev GiKg is w`j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv DwPZ Ges Zvi hyw³‡Z kÖ×v Kiv DwPZ| GKRb gvbyl hZ m„Rbkxj, †m ZZ mdj, AvZ¥wek¦vmx Ges eûgyLx cÖwZfvi AwaKvix| ZvB wkï‡K Zvi m¤¢vebvi m‡e©v‪P weK‡k mnvqZv Ki‡Z, Zvi AvZ¥wek¦vm evov‡Z Zv‡K bvbv ai‡bi m„Rbkxj Kv‡R Drmvn w`‡Z n‡e| wKš‧ m„RbkxjZv AvcbvAvcwb •Zwi nq bv| GwU PP©v I jvjb Ki‡Z nq| †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB m„RbkxjZvi PP©v bv Ki‡j GB ¸Y weKwkZ nq bv| ZvB ïay eBwbf©i cv‡V wkï‡ì‡K Ave× bv †i‡L gvZvwcZvi DwPr wkï‡ì‡K Qwe AuvKv, Mí ejv, Mvb MvIqv, bvP Kiv, Qov Ave„wË Kiv, Awfbq Kiv, gvwU, cvZv, KvwV, wewP w`‡q bvbv iK‡gi wRwbm •Zwi Kiv BZ¨vw` Kv‡R DrmvwnZ Kiv|

7. nqivwb I wbh©vZbg~jK AvPiY †_‡K wkï‡K iÿv Kiv Avgv‡ì mgv‡R eoiv wkï‡ì‡K kvmb K‡ib, K_v bv ïb‡j eKv †`b, A‡bK mgq gvi‡aviI K‡ib| we`¨vj‡qi wkÿKivI bvbv mg‡q wkïiv Aeva¨ n‡j kvw¯Í †`b| GB PP©v¸‡jv Avgv‡ì mgv‡R `xN©`xb a‡i cÖPwjZ Ges Avgiv GUv‡K †g‡b wb‡qwQ| wKš‧ Avgiv KL‡bv †f‡e †`wL bv- †h Kvi‡Y Avgiv wkï‡ì kvw¯Í †`B, kvw¯Í †Ìqvi ci †m KviYwU cÖwZKvi nq wKbv| A_©vr wkï Aeva¨ n‡j kvw¯Í †Ìqv nq; wKš‧ kvw¯Í †Ìqvi ci wK wkï eva¨ nq? Zv wKš‧ nq bv| †m ax‡i ax‡i AviI Aeva¨ I †eqvov n‡q I‡V| ïay ZvB bq, wkÿK mnvwqKv

194

Zvi mvgvwRK I Av‡ewM weKvkI gvivZ¥Kfv‡e ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| †m cv‡V I Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡R AvMÖn nvwi‡q †d‡j, nxbgb¨Zvq †fv‡M, A‡bK wkï fxZ-mš¿¯Í I DwØMœ n‡q I‡V, Zvi AvZ¥wek¦vm I AvZ¥m¤§vb‡eva gvivZ¥Kfv‡e ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq, A‡bK mgq wkï AviI Aeva¨, AvµgYvZ¥K I AvMÖvmx n‡q D‡V| myZivs wkïi fv‡jv Ki‡Z wM‡q wb‡Ri ARv‡šÍB Avgiv Zvi ÿwZ K‡i †dwj| ZvB Avgv‡ì eyS‡Z n‡e †h, cÖwZwU wkïi wbR¯^ fv‡jv jvMv-g›` jvMv, AvMÖn, B‪Qv, gZvgZ _vK‡Z cv‡i| Avgv‡ì Aek¨B wkïi B‪Qv-Awb‪Qv‡K g~j¨ w`‡Z n‡e| hw` g‡b nq †Kv‡bv wkï K_v ïb‡Q bv ev AbvKvw‫‫‬LZ AvPiY Ki‡Q, Z‡e Zvi mv‡_ welqwU wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e, Zv‡K eywS‡q ej‡Z n‡e †Kb GwU MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq Ges Kxfv‡e ax‡i ax‡i wkï Zvi AbvKvw‫‫‬LZ AvPiY cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡i †m Abyhvqx Zv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z n‡e| Aek¨B gvZvwcZv‡K wkïi eÜz I wbf©i‡hvM¨ Avk¨q¯ j n‡Z n‡e| kvw¯Í G‡ÿ‡Î †Kv‡bv mgvavb bq| †mB m‡½ nqivwb I wbh©vZbg~jK AvPi‡Y wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ 182-183 c„ôvq †Ìqv Z_¨ GLv‡b eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

8. wkïiv cwi‡ek †_‡K †k‡L wkï mnRvZfv‡eB †K․Z~njx| †m Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek‡K Rvbvi Acvi AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡i, AmsL¨ cÖkœ K‡i Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek I RMr m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z Pvq| eoiv A‡bK mgq wkïi nvRv‡iv cÖ‡kœ wei³ nb Ges Pvicv‡ki cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ wkï‡K wg_w®…qv Kivi my‡hvM K‡i †`b bv| GwU wVK bq, Aek¨B wkï‡ì‡K Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek‡K Rvb‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e, Zv‡K AbymÜvb I cixÿv-wbixÿv Kivi my‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e| wkï‡ì †kLvi Av‡iKwU kw³kvjx Dcvq n‡jv nv‡Z-Kj‡g K‡i †kLv| GRb¨ wkï‡ì‡K wb‡R wb‡R wewfbœ KvR K‡i †kLvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| wkïiv ïay †h cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek †_‡K †k‡L ZvB bq, †m mvgvwRK cwi‡ek †_‡KI A‡bK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wkLb AR©b K‡i| Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡e‡k eoiv Kx Ki‡Q Zv †m ch©‡eÿY K‡i, Kv‡RB eo‡ìI DwPr bq Ggb AR©b K‡i| Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek eoiv Kx Ki‡Q Zv †m ch©‡eÿY K‡i, Kv‡RB eo‡ìI DwPr bq Ggb KvR Kiv hv †`‡L wkïiv †bwZevPK wKQz †k‡L| †hgb-†hLv‡b †mLv‡b gqjv-AveR©bv †djv, KvD‡K Mvjg›` Kiv BZ¨vw`|

9. wkïi e¨w³MZ cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi Af¨vm M‡o †Zvjv Lye †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB wkïi gv‡S cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZvi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| †hgb-wb‡R wb‡R LvIqvi Af¨vm Kiv, LvIqvi Av‡M I c‡i mvevb w`‡q nvZ w`‡q †avqv, wb‡R wb‡R Uq‡jU eënvi Kiv, Uq‡jU eënv‡ii mgq m¨v‡Ûj civ, Uq‡jU eënv‡ii ci mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avqv, wbqwgZ †Mvmj Kiv, †Ljvi c‡i nvZ-gyL-cv †avqv, wbqwgZ ùvZ gvRv, bL KvUv, Pzj AuvPov‡bv, wb‡Ri wRwbm wb‡R ¸wQ‡q ivLv BZ¨vw`| Gme Af¨vm wkïiv hZ †QvU †_‡K PP©v Ki‡e Ges wb‡R wb‡R Ki‡Z wkL‡e, ZZ Zv‡ì Af¨vm fv‡jvfv‡e •Zwi n‡e|

10.

wkïi wbivcËv I hZœ

wbivcËv I hZœ cvIqv wkïi AwaKvi| evwo‡Z gvZvwcZv‡K wkïi h_vh_ wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| GRb¨ aviv‡jv Qzwi, ewU, wec`RbK Jla, •e`y¨wZK Zvi BZ¨vw` wkïi KvQ †_‡K `~‡i ivL‡Z n‡e| GQvovI wkïiv hv‡Z Pzjvi Av¸‡bi Kv‡Q cyKz‡ii Kv‡Q bv hvq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| A‡bK mgq wkïiv wbwl× wRwb‡mi cÖwZ AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡i| ZvB ïay G¸‡jvi Kv‡Q hvIqv ev ai‡Z wb‡la bv K‡i Gme wRwbm †h wec¾bK Zv wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i eywR‡q w`‡Z n‡e| hwÌ †ewkifvM †ÿ‡Î AwffveK wkï‡ì cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

195

¯‥z‡j †c․‡Q †`b I wb‡q Av‡mb, ZeyI iv¯Ív cvivcv‡ii wbqgvewj wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i eywS‡q †Ìqv fv‡jv, hv‡Z †m G e¨vcv‡i m‡PZb n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i| KL‡bv †Kv‡bv AcwiwPZ e¨w³i KvQ †_‡K wkïiv hv‡Z †Kvb wKQz bv †bq †m e¨vcv‡iI Zv‡ì mveavb K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Ges G‡Z Kx wec` n‡Z cv‡i Zv Av‡jvPbv K‡i eywS‡q w`‡Z ne‡| wkï‡ì wbivc` Dcv‡q muvZvi wkLv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i Awffve‡Ki D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|

KwgDwbwUi m¤ú„³Zv cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv ev¯Íevq‡b Acwinvh© GKwU †ÿÎ n‡jv KwgDwbwU ev Rb mgv‡Ri m¤ú„³Zv| mgv‡Ri wewfbœ ¯‧‡ii †jvK †hgb-BDwbqb cwil‡ì †Pqvig¨vb, †g¤^vi, Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Awdmvi, †Rjv ¯^v¯ ¨ Awdmvi, GjvKvi MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³, ¯‥z‡ji cÖavb wkÿK GB mgv‡Ri AšÍfz©³| GKwU wkï †hgb Zvi cwiev‡ii GKRb m`m¨ GKBmv‡_ mgv‡RiI| †m Kvi‡YB wkÿK‡K KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì wkïi mvwe©K weKv‡k ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvj‡b AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Zn‡e| KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ wkÿK wb¤œwjwLZ KvR Ki‡Z cv‡ib| • AwffveK mfvq Dcw¯ Z _vKvi Rb¨ KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì Avnevb| • GjvKvq we`ªgvb Abvb¨ Dbœqbg~jK my‡hvM myweav (wfUvwgb G K¨vcmyj LvIqv‡bv, K…wgbvkK Kvh©µg BZ¨vw`) mg~n wkï‡ì Rb¨ mnRjf¨ Kivi Rb¨ mswkøó e¨w³ ev cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ¯ vcb| • cªvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvq wkïi wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvq eëüZ wewfbœ DcKiY msMÖn I •Zwi‡Z KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MÖnY| • wkÿK KwgDwbwUi cÖwZwbwa †hgb-BDwbqb cwil‡ì †Pqvig¨vb, †g¤^vi, cÖavb wkÿK, I gwbUwis Kg©KZ©v (UEO/AUEO)-Gi mv‡_ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv msµvšÍ wel‡q AvbyôvwbK ev AbvbyôvwbKfv‡e gZ wewbgq Ki‡eb| • cÖvK-cÖv_wgK K¬v‡mi wbivcËv I Abvb¨ mgvav‡bi Rb¨ wkÿK KwgDwbwUi mnvqZv PvB‡Z cv‡ib|

wkÿK mnvwqKv

196

g~j¨vqb g~j¨vq‡bi D‡Ïk¨ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi jÿ¨ n‡jv-Dchy³ cwi‡ek m„wói gva¨‡g 5+ eqmx wkï‡ì mvwe©K weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv Ges cÖv_wgK wkÿvq ¯^Ztù~Z© Awf‡lK NUv‡bv| GB jÿ¨ Ges mywbw`©ó wKQz D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L, GK eQi †gqvw` cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq 8wU wkLb †ÿÎ, 30wU AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv Ges KZ¸‡jv wkLbdj wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi G¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ i‡q‡Q-cwiKwíZ KvR, wkLb †kLv‡bv †K․kj Ges wkLb †kLv‡bv mvgMÖx Dbœq‡bi w`K wb‡`©kbv| Avgiv Rvwb, †h‡Kvb Kv‡Ri mdjZv ev `ye©jZv hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ g~j¨vqb GKwU Awe‡‪Q`¨ Ask| cÖvKcÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi wkÿv_x©iv GB cwiKwíZ wkLb †kLv‡bv c×wZ I †K․kj cwiPvjbvq Kvw‫‫‬LZ wkLbdj AR©‡b KZzUzKz mnvqZv cv‡‪Q g~jZ: †mwU hvPvB n‡jv cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g wkïi g~j¨vq‡bi g~j D‡Ïk¨| wkÿv_x©i wkLb AMÖMwZi cwigvc ev g~j¨vqbB e‡j †`‡e cvV cwiKíbvi wkLb †kLv‡bv c×wZ I †K․kj KZUzKz h_vh_| myZivs wkÿv_x©, wba©vwiZ wkLbdj AR©b K‡i‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB Ki‡j GKw`‡K †hgb wkÿv_x©i AMÖMwZ / mej w`K hvPvB nq Avevi Gi gva¨‡g Zvi wkLb NvUwZ m¤ú‡K©I GKwU aviYv cvIqv hvq| hv c~i‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxq eë¯ v MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g Kvw‫‫‬LZ wkLbdj AR©b Kiv‡bv mnR nq| cvkvcvwk cvV cwiKíbv, wkLb †kLv‡bv c×wZ I †K․kj AviI Kvh©Ki Kivi my‡hvM cvIqv hvq| Gfv‡e cÖwZwbqZ wkÿv_x©‡ì wkLb AMÖMwZ hvPvB‡qi gva¨‡g Zv‡ì wkLb cÖwµqv‡K Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i mvwe©K weKvk‡K mnvqZv KivB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi g~j¨vq‡bi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨| myZivs G ¯‧‡i wkï‡ì g~j¨vqb Kivi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv• wba©vwiZ wkLbdj AR©b Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB K‡i cÖwZwU wkïi wkLb Ae¯ v Rvbv Ges • †m Abyhvqx Zv‡ì DË‡ivËi Dbœq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv hv Zv‡ì mvwe©K weKvk‡K mnvqZv K‡i| D‡jøL¨ †h, GB g~j¨vqb wkÿv_x© Kx Kx cv‡i bv Zv †ei Kiv bq, eis Zvi wkLb I weKvk‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨ g~j¨vqb|

g~j¨vq‡bi †ÿÎ cÖvZ-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi g~j¨vq‡bi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ †h‡nZz wkï‡`i mvwe©K weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv †m‡nZz, g~j¨vqb ïay cov‡jLv msµvšÍ wel‡q mxgve× _vK‡e bv, Gi cvkvcvwk Zvi kvixwiK e„w×, gvbwmK I Av‡e‡Mi weKvk, mvgvwRKZv I Ab¨vb¨‡`i mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k KvR Kiv, m„RbkxjZv Gme cÖwZwU †ÿÎ‡KB ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e| GKwU wkïi cwic~Y© weKv‡ki Rb¨ †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB GB †ÿÎ¸‡jv‡Z Zvi Ae¨vnZ AMÖMwZ cÖ‡qvRb| ZvB wkïi g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e wkÿvµ‡g D‡jøwLZ AvUwU wkLb‡ÿÎ Amgvß! G¸‡jv n‡jv1. kvixwiK I PjbÿgZv 2. mvgvwRK I Av‡ewMKweKvk 3. †hvMv‡hvM I fvlvi weKvk cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

197

4. cÖviw¤¢K MwYZ 5. m„RbkxjZv I bv›`wbKZvi weKvk 6. weÁvb I cÖhyw³ 7. ¯^v¯ ¨ I wbivcËv Ges 8. cwi‡ek

g~j¨vq‡bi •ewkó¨ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi g~j¨vq‡bi D‡Ïk¨‡K mdj Ki‡Z GB ¯Í‡i †Kvb AvbyôvwbK g~j¨vqb n‡e bv| A_©vr g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU wbw`©ó w`b _vK‡e bv †hw`b wkïiv wbw`©ó KvR K‡i †`Lv‡e ev ïay g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ wkï‡ì‡K †Kvb KvR Avjv`vfv‡e K‡i †`Lv‡Z n‡e| eis wkïiv hLb cÖwZw`b †kÖwYK‡ÿ I †kÖwY‡ÿi evB‡i wewfbœ ai‡Yi Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖnY Ki‡e ( †hgb-Mvb, Qov, †Ljv, Awfbq, nv‡Zi KvR, Qwe AuvKv, eB cov BZ¨vw`) ZLb wkÿK Zv‡ì ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb| wkÿK Zvi avivevwnK ch©‡eÿ‡Yi wfwË‡Z g~j¨vqb QK eënvi Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î g~j¨vqb n‡e cy‡ivcywi AbvbyôvwbK Ges Zv avivevwnKfv‡e cwiPvwjZ n‡e| MvVwbK g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g (Formative Assessment) AbvbyôvwbKfv‡e cvV PjvKvjxb mgq ev cvV †k‡l mswkøó wkLbdj wkïiv AR©b K‡i‡Q wK bv Zv hvPvB K‡i h_vh_ djveZ©b cÖ`vb Kivi gva¨‡g wkï‡ì wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| cªvK-cÖv_wgK ¯‧‡i g~j¨vq‡bi GwUB me©v‡cÿv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| †h‡nZz cÖwZwU wkïB me¸‡jv †hvM¨Zv AR©b Ki‡e Ggb cÖZ¨vkv ivLv n‡q‡Q, †m‡nZz cÖwZwU wkï‡KB GKKfv‡e () g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki g~j¨vqb Z‡_ï Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e †iKW© ivL‡Z n‡e|

g~j¨vqb †KŠkj †h‡nZz cªvK-cÖv_wgK ¯‧‡i eøK wUwPs c×wZ‡Z wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡e myZivs GKRb wkÿK cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ¯‧‡ii cÖwZw`‡bi mKj Kg©KvÛ cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| wkÿK mvaviYfv‡eB cÖwZwU wkÿv_x© m¤ú‡K© †gvUvgywU GKwU aviYv iv‡Lb| wewfbœ `ÿZvi †ÿ‡ÎI wkÿv_x©‡ì Ae¯ v m¤ú‡K© wZwbB me‡P‡q fv‡jv Rv‡bb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ¯‧‡ii wkÿv_x©‡ì welqwU mnR I Kg Kómva¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| • AvUwU wkLb‡ÿ‡Îi Rb¨ †gvU 15wU wbw`©ó g~j¨vqb m~PK wb‡q g~j¨vqb QK Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv avivevwnKfv‡e mviv eQi a‡i g~j¨vqb K‡i nvwRiv eB‡q (Attendance Register) †`qv Q‡K cÖwZ gv‡m †iKW© K‡i ivL‡Z n‡e| • wKQz m~PK Av‡Q †h¸‡jv cÖwZgv‡m g~j¨vqb Kiv m¤¢e n‡e bv| †hgb-cov, †jLv, MvwYwZK `ÿZv BZ¨vw`| GB ai‡Yi m~PK¸‡jv K¬v‡m Abykxjb n‡j Z‡eB g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e| • cÖwZwU g~j¨vqb m~P‡Ki wecix‡Z wkÿv_x©‡ì g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e 3 †¯‥‡j| K : fv‡jv L : †gvUvgywU M : DbœwZ cÖ‡qvRb wkÿK mnvwqKv

198

• wkÿv_x©i cÖwZw`‡bi Kv‡Ri wbweo Ôch©‡eÿYÕ K‡i gvwmK †¯‥j w`‡Z n‡e| • cÖwZ Pvi gvm cici A_©vr eQ‡i wZbevi (GwcÖj gv‡m cÖ_gevi, AvM÷ gv‡m wØZxqevi Ges wW‡m¤^i gv‡m †klevi) †iKW©K…Z gvwmK †¯‥j we‡kølY K‡i cÖwZwU wkÿv_x©i AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© GKwU mvwe©K Ges mswÿß gšÍe¨ g~j¨vqb Q‡Ki wbw`©ó ¯ v‡b wVK wPý w`‡eb| • eQi †k‡l wkÿv_x©i mviv eQ‡ii KvR Ges †iKW©K…Z gšÍ‡e¨i Av‡jv‡K ÔcÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv mgvwß cÖZ¨qbc‡ÎÕ wkïwUi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ GKwU mej I GKwU Dbœqb‡hvM¨ w`K (hw` _v‡K) Zz‡j ai‡eb| GB ¸YMZ gšÍe¨ wkïi weKvkMZ Ae¯ vb m¤ú‡K© wcZvgvZv I cieZx© †kÖwYi wkÿK‡K eyS‡Z I †m Abyhvqx mnvqZv w`‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

g~j¨vqb Z_¨ we‡kølY I AwffveK‡K AewnZKiY cÖwZwU wkïi AMÖMwZ wb‡q wkÿK gvwmK AwffveK mfvq Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î Lye we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bvq bv wM‡q ïay g~j Z_¨¸‡jv wcZvgvZv‡K AwenZ Ki‡eb| D`vniY¯îƒc, †Kvb Kv‡R †Kvb wkï cvi`kx© n‡j Zvi cÖksmv Ki‡eb (†hgb, †KD nq‡Zv Lye fv‡jv Qwe Auv‡K ev PgrKvi Awfbq K‡i), AwffveK‡K evwo‡Z wkï‡K H Kv‡R AviI Drmvn w`‡Z ej‡jb| Avevi †Kvb wkïi hw` AvPiwYK ev Ab¨vb¨ †Kvb mgm¨v _v‡K (†hgb-Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ gvivgvwi K‡i ev mgqgZ we`¨vj‡q Av‡m bv BZ¨vw`), †mwUI wcZvgvZv‡K AewnZ Ki‡eb Ges †m‡ÿ‡Î KiYxq Kx n‡Z cv‡i Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| Z‡e †Kvb wkïi mgm¨v mK‡ji mvg‡b Av‡jvPbv bv K‡i wbw`©ó wkïi wcZvgvZv‡K Avjv`v K‡i Rvbv‡Z n‡e Ges hZUv m¤¢e BwZevPKfv‡e mgm¨vwU Zv‡ì mvg‡b Zz‡j ai‡Z n‡e| Gi gva¨‡g wgïi avivevwnK AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© wcZvgvZv m‡PZb _vK‡e Ges wkÿK wb‡RI wkïi weKvk wbwðZKi‡b mwµq f~wgKv ivL‡eb|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

199

wkÿK mnvwqKv

200 I

Ges RyjvB †_‡K 20

e¯‧

Ryb Ryjv AvM †m‡Þ A‡±v b‡f wW‡m

14. co‡Z I wjL‡Z cv‡i (†g- †m‡Þ¤^i eY© Ges A‡±vei †_‡K `yB ev wZb e‡Y©i †QvU †QvU mij cwiwPZ kã) 15. GK A‡¼i `yBwU msL¨vi †hvM I we‡qvM hvi djvdj †ewk bq Zv Ki‡Z cv‡i (A‡±vei gvm †_‡K)

12. wbivc` I SzuwKgy³ Rxebhvc‡bi e¨vcv‡i m‡PZb I Zv Abykxjb K‡i ( wec`RbK wec‡`i Drm m¤ú‡K© Rv‡b I wkÿK‡K Rvbvq| we`¨vj‡qi evB‡ii NUbv wkÿK‡K Rvbvq)

9. we`¨vjq I †kªwYK‡ÿi cwi‡ek iÿvq hZœkxj

7. Pviæ I Kviæi Kv‡R AvMÖnx (Qwe AuvKv, cvZv, KvwV, KvMR, gvwU BZ¨vw` w`‡q wewfbœ wRwbm evbv‡bv)

5. RvZxq HwZn¨ I ms¯‥…wZi cÖwZ kÖ×vkxj ( †hgb-kÖ×vf‡i RvZxq msMxZ Mvq, †`kxq †cvkvK / Lvevi / dj cQ›` K‡i, ¯ vbxq wewfbœ AvPvi AvPiY ixwZbxwZ BZ¨vw` †g‡b P‡j)

4. AvZ¥m‡PZb I AvZ¥m¤§vb‡eva m¤úbœ (†hgb-wb‡Ri `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i, K_v w`‡q K_v iv‡L, e¨env‡i gvb Acgvb †ev‡ai cwiPq †`q BZ¨vw`)

3. eÜz I mgeqmx‡`i mv‡_ wg‡j wg‡k Pj‡Z cv‡i

1. wbqwgZ we`¨vj‡q Dcw¯ Z nq (90%+=K, 80-98%+=L, 80 Gi Kg, % =M)

g~jj¨vqb m~PK

wkïi bvg ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- †ivj ---------------(wb‡Pi cÖwZwU m~P‡Ki wecix‡Z K, L A_ev M emvb| G‡ÿ‡Î, K = fv‡jv, L = DbœwZ cÖ‡qvRb)

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv mgvwß cÖZ¨qbcÎ wkÿv_x©i bvg: ...................................................................................................................... †ivj ................................................................... wkÿvel© .................................................. ....................................................................................................................... we`¨vj‡q GK eQi †gqvw` cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g mdjZvi mv‡_ AskMÖnY K‡i‡Q| †m GLb cÖ_g †kªwY‡Z fwZ©i Rb¨ cÖ¯‧Z|

wkÿv_©x m¤ú‡K© †kªwY wkÿ‡Ki mswÿß gšÍe¨: .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................

†kÖwY wkÿ‡Ki bvg I ¯^vÿi

cÖavb wkÿ‡Ki ¯^vÿi I mxj

ZvwiL ....................................

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

201

wkÿK mnvwqKv

202

gvm

•`wbK mgv‡ek Kzkj wewbgq RvZxq msMxZ fve wewbgq cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv

Kzkj wewbgq RvZxq msMxZ wb‡Ri cwiwPwZ we`¨vjq cwiwPwZ mncvVx I we`¨vj‡qi wkÿK‡`i mv‡_ cwiwPwZ

cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek

e¨vqvg 1 e¨vqvg 2 e¨vqvg 3 e¨vqvg 4 e¨vqvg 5

e¨qvg

Qov Awfbq nvwÆgv wUg wUg wkÿK-cwiw¯ wZ †LvKb †LvKb WvK cvwo •Zwi K‡i Avg cvZv †Rvov †Rvov Pviæ Mvb B‡‪Q g‡Zv AuvwKeywK jvj SzuwU KvKvZzqv c¨vU©vb / AvK…wZ †kLv Mí †Kv_vq Avgvi gv jvj Kviæ †cvKvi Mí KvMR †K‡U wewfbœ AvK…wZ evbv‡bv, KvMR KvUv KvUv KvMR AvVv w`‡q jvMv‡bv

Kviæ mgvb K‡i KvMR fuvR mgvb K‡i KvMR †Quov KvwP w`‡q KvMR KvUv

Pviæ is †Pbv AuvwKeywKi wewfbœ DcKiY cwiwPwZ I e¨envi

Mvb So G‡jv Gjv So gv_v Kuva nvUz cv‡qi cvZv

Mí Acyi weovj wUsUs-Gi KvÛ

Awfbq Wv³vi-cwiw¯ wZ •Zwi K‡i

Pviæ I Kviæ, Awfbq

Qov evK evKzg cvqiv Avq Avq Puv` gvgv

Qov, Mvb, bvP I Mí

m„Rbkxj KvR cÖviw¤¢eK MwYZ

msL¨v MYbv (1-5) msL¨v Qov ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv

†ijMvwo wSK wSK cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv †gvUv-wPKb is †Quvqv fvwi-nvjKv inm¨ fiv Z‡j Wvb-evg

†Ljv

BwPs wewPs wPwPs Pv cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv cvwL D‡o †QvU eo j¤^v Lv‡Uv ej‡Zv wK fvewQ evwni-wfZi Dci-wbP mvg‡b-wcQ‡b cÖvK-cVb DuPz-wbPz Kv‡Q-`~‡i Qwei Mí cov msL¨v MYbv (1-5) bvg cov msL¨v Qov Kviæ ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv KvMR †K‡U wewfbœ A_© ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv AvK…wZ evbv‡bv, msL¨v cÖZxK cov KvMR KvUv KvUv KvMR AvVv w`‡q jvMv‡bv

†kvbv-ejv K‡_vcK_b bvg †_‡K aŸwb AwfÁZvi Mí

cÖvK-wjLb B‡‪Qg‡Zv AuvKv

†kvbv-ejv K‡_vcK_b cïcvwLi WvK cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã

†kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb

fvlvi KvR

evrmwiK cwiKíbv

Kx n‡‪Q †Kb n‡‪Q

cwi‡ek Kx n‡‪P †Kb Avgvi wcÖq wRwbm¸‡jv n‡‪Q ¯^v¯ ¨ •`bw›`b ¯^v¯ ¨ welqK K_KZv cÖhyw³ mvaviY hš¿cvwZ I miÄvgvw`

cÖhyw³ mvaviY hš¿cvwZ I miÄvgvw`

¯^v¯’¨ Avgvi kixi

cwi‡ek hv wb‡q Avgv‡`i cwi‡ek

cwie‡k, ¯^v¯’¨ I cÖhyw³

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

203

4_©

gvm

•`wbK mgv‡ek Kzkj wewbgq RvZxq msMxZ fve wewbgq cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv

cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek

e¨vqvg 1 e¨vqvg 2 e¨vqvg 3 e¨vqvg 4 e¨vqvg 5 e¨vqvg 6

e¨qvg Pviæ I Kviæ, Awfbq

Mí †kqvj I KvK c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv †eov‡bvi GKw`b

Qov H †`Lv hvq Zvj MvQ AvZv Mv‡Q †ZvZv cvwL †LvKv Nygv‡jv cvov Mvb Ggb gRv nq bv jvj SzuwU KvKvZzqv

†Ljv

cÖviw¤¢eK MwYZ

cwie‡k, ¯^v¯’¨ I cÖhyw³

†kvbv-ejv Avqbv cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv cwi‡ek Ro I Rxe K‡_vcK_b eo †_‡K †QvU mvRv‡bv dm‡ji gvV, b`x, aŸwb PP©v I aŸwb †b․Kv wb‡q †Ljv •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx cvnvo, eb I mvMi w`‡q kã evbv‡bv †kÖwYKiY cÖvK-cVb I‡cbwU ev‡qv‡¯‥vc ¯^v¯’¨ Qwei Mí cov bvg msL¨v MYbv (1-5) •`bw›`b ¯^v¯ ¨ welqK cov †`‡L cv_©K¨ msL¨v Qov ev¯Íe e¯‧ K_KZv †ei Kiv MYbv Aa© ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv msL¨v cÖZxK cÖhyw³ cÖvK-wjLb cov I wjLv Ny‡o †eovB hvbevn‡b B‡‪Qg‡Zv AuvKv †hgb Av‡Q †Zgb AuvwK eY©vsk wjLb

†kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb

fvlvi KvR

Awfbq †kvbv-ejv ¯§„wZi †Ljv cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv cwi‡ek Ro I Rxe Avjyi †Luv‡R AwfÁZvi Mí hZ cv‡iv Zz‡j bvI eo †_‣K †QvU mvRv‡bv Avgvi Kv‡Qi gvbyl¸‡jv Dw™¢` I cÖvYx Pviæ aŸwbi PP©v I aŸwb •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx ¯^v¯ ¨ cÖ‡R± IqvK©-1 wb‡Ri bvg †`‡L AuvK‡Z w`‡q kã evbv‡bv dzj‡UvKv †kªwYKiY n‡iKiKg Lvevi `vevi cwi®‥vi †kLv AwfÁZv/wPšÍv‡K cÖvK-cVb msL¨v MYbv (1-5) cÖhyw³ cwi‪Qbœ mßvn AuvKvi gva¨‡g cÖKvk eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ I msL¨v Qov Ny‡o †eovB hvbevn‡b Kiv cVb ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv Aa© Kviæ cÖvK-wjLb ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv msL¨v KvwVi KvR cvZvi KvR eY©vsk wjLb eY© cÖZxK cov I wjLv wjLb

Qov Awfbq †bvUb †bvUb cvqiv wmsn cywjk (cwiw¯ wZ •Zwi gvgv wmsn gvgv B`uyi Qvbvi K‡i) Qov Pviæ Mvb B‡‪Qg‡Zv Qwe AuvKv Avq Avq Puv` gvgv AuvKv Qwe is Kiv Qwe/wPÎ/e¯‧ `„k¨ †`‡L Mí AuvKv I is Kiv Li‡Mvk Avi K‪Qc Lywk GKw`b Kzmygcy‡i Kviæ cªvK…wZK is •Zwi mewR †K‡U Qvc •Zwi

Qov, Mvb, bvP I Mí

m„Rbkxj KvR

wkÿK mnvwqKv

204

6ô

gvm

•`wbK mgv‡ek Kzkj wewbgq RvZxq msMxZ fve wewbgq cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv

cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek

e¨vqvg 1 e¨vqvg 2 e¨vqvg 3 e¨vqvg 4 e¨vqvg 5 e¨vqvg 6 e¨vqvg 7

e¨qvg Pviæ I Kviæ, Awfbq

†Ljv

†kvbv-ejv G‡mv ej †Lwj K‡_vcK_b †Zvgiv wK me kã w`‡q evK¨ •Zwi ej‡Z cv‡iv? cÖvK-cVb KvbvgvwQ †fuv †fuv eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ I cVb

†kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb

fvlvi KvR

Awfbq †kvbv-ejv Bu`yi weovj wbSzg e‡b Mv‡bi Avmi AwfÁZvi Mí kã w`‡q evK¨ •Zwi mvZKvnb Pviæ Mvb dzj AuvKv Kzwo AuvKv cÖvK-cVb Avgiv mevB ivRv Avgiv eY©gvjv cwiwPZ I Ki‡ev Rq Kviæ cVb cvZvi KvR Kuv`v gvwUi cÖvK-wjLb Mí KvR eY© wjLb PvPv evRv‡i hvb wbSzg e‡b Mv‡bi Avmi †QvU †Q‡j †ejvj

Qov Avq‡i Avq wU‡q †Mvj K‡ivbv (cyb: Av‡jvPbv)

Qov Awfbq †LvKb †LvKb gqbv †LvKv nuvm Avi gyiwM hv‡e gvQ ai‡Z (cyb:Av‡jvPbv) Pviæ cvZv AuvKv m~h© AuvKv Mvb Avgv‡`i †`kUv ¯^cœcyix Kviæ KvwVi KvR cvZvi KvR Mí dzj †dvUvi Avb›` cvZv I gvwUi †Xjv gRvi gvgv

Qov, Mvb, bvP I Mí

m„Rbkxj KvR

¯^v¯’¨ n‡iKiKg Lvevi `vevi

cwi‡ek Avgvi wcÖq cªvYx

cwie‡k, ¯^v¯’¨ I cÖhyw³

cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx c¨vUvY© •Zwi msL¨v MYbv (1-15) msL¨v Qov ev¯Íe Aa© ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv, msL¨v cov I wjLv msL¨v Zzjbv (1-10) DcKiY MYbv K‡i Zzjbv `ywU msL¨vi g‡a¨ Zzjbv

cÖhyw³ cÖPwjZ I cwiwPZ cÖhyw³

cwi‡ek Avgvi mviv w`b w`‡bi wewfbœ Ask ¯^v¯ ¨ wbivc` cvwb

msL¨v MYbv (1-10) msL¨v Qov ev¯Íe e¯‧ cÖhyw³ MYbv Aa© ev¯Íe e¯‧ Ny‡o †eovB hvbvn‡b MYbv msL¨v cÖZxK cov I wjLv ï‡b¨i aviYv

cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx †kÖwYKiY eÈb, Abygvb I cwigvc

cÖviw¤¢eK MwYZ

wbivcËv wec`RbK e¯‧ ev wec‡`i Drm

Dw™¢` I cÖvYx

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

205

gvm

•`wbK mgv‡ek Kzkj wewbgq RvZxq msMxZ fve wewbgq cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv

cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek

e¨vqvg 1 e¨vqvg 2 e¨vqvg 3 e¨vqvg 4 e¨vqvg 5 e¨vqvg 6 e¨vqvg 7 e¨vqvg 8 e¨vqvg 9 e¨vqvg 10

e¨qvg

†kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb

Awfbq †kvbv-ejv wZbwU ÿzavZ© QvMj Qvbv AwfÁZvi Mí avivevwnK Mí ejv Pviæ Nywo AuvKv gvQ AuvKv cÖvK-cVb Mvb eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ I †g‡Ni †Kv‡j GK wQj Kviæ cVb †Uvbv AvÂwjK Mvb (m¤¢e †Kvjv‡Ri KvR cÖvK-wjLb n‡j) eY© wjLb Mí ÿz‡` dwos dziæs wZbwU ÿzavZ© QvMj ev`yo

Qov †fvi n‡jv †`vi †Lvj Iqvb †M‡jv gvQ ai‡Z (cyb:Av‡jvPbv)

Awfbq †QvU †Q‡j †ejvj

Pviæ I Kviæ, Awfbq

fvlvi KvR †Ljv

cÖviw¤¢eK MwYZ

cwie‡k, ¯^v¯’¨ I cÖhyw³

†ijMvwo wSK& wS&K cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv cwi‡ek BwPs wewPs wPwPs Pv •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx c¨vUvY© e„wó, So, eb¨v I Avqbv •Zwi f~wgK¤ú AvK…wZ evbvB msL¨v MYbv (1-20) ¯^v¯ ¨ msL¨v Qov ev¯Íe I Aa© LvIqvi Av‡M I c‡i ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv msL¨v nvZ †avqv wekªvg cov I wjLv msL¨v Zzjbv (1-15) cÖhyw³ DcKiY MYbv K‡i Avgiv mevB KvQvKvwQ Zzjbv `ywU msL¨vi g‡a¨ Zzjbv eo †_‡K †QvU mvRv‡bv †hvM

†kvbv-ejv eY© †Pbvi †Ljv cÖvK-MvwYwZK •ewkó¨ cwi‡ek wbivcËv muvZvi K‡_vcK_b Kv‡R Zzwg eÜz PvI Abyhvqx c¨vUvY© •Zwi MÖx®§ el©v kxZ Kvj avivevwnK Mí ejv Pviæ cÖvK-cVb msL¨v MYbv (1-10) ¯^v¯’¨ cvZv AuvKv kvcjv AuvKv eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ I msL¨v Qov ev¯Íe I Aa© wbivc` cvwb Lvevi Mvb cVb ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv msL¨v Av‡M I c‡i nvZ †avqv †`vj †`vj †`vjwb GKw`b Kviæ cov I wjLv QzwU n‡e KvMR w`‡q wewfbœ cÖvK-wjLb cÖhyw³ wRwbm •Zwi eY© wjLb msL¨v Zzjbv (1-15) cÖPwjZ I cwiwPZ Mí DcKiY MYbv K‡i cÖhyw³ †QvU jvj gyiwM AvRe Zzjbv `ywU msL¨vi Ry‡Zv g‡a¨ Zzjbv eo †_‡K †QvU mvRv‡bv

Qov mKv‡j DwVqv Avwg Twinkle Twinkle (cyb:Av‡jvPbv)

Qov, Mvb, bvP I Mí

m„Rbkxj KvR

wkÿK mnvwqKv

206 mgvß

11 Zg

10 g

gvm

e¨vqvg 1 e¨vqvg 2 e¨vqvg 3 e¨vqvg 4 e¨vqvg 5 e¨vqvg 6 e¨vqvg 7 e¨vqvg 8 e¨vqvg 9 e¨vqvg 10

•`wbK mgv‡ek Kzkj wewbgq RvZxq msMxZ fve wewbgq cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv

e¨qvg

•`wbK mgv‡ek Kzkj wewbgq RvZxq msMxZ fve wewbgq cwi®‥vi cwi‪QbœZv

cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek Pviæ I Kviæ, Awfbq

fvlvi KvR †kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb †Ljv

Qov Po‬B Wv‡K wKwPi wgwPi cybiv‡jvPbv Mvb cyb: Av‡jvPbv Mí cyb: Av‡jvPbv Kviæ cybt Abykxjb

Pviæ cybt Abykxjb

Awfbq cybiv‡jvPbv cwiwPZ Rb‡`i AbyKiY Kiv

Qov Awfbq †kvbv-ejv bL KvwU Pzj QvwU jvj kvK mncvVx‡`i AbyKiY Kiv AwfÁZvi Mí KPz kvK Kgjvdzwj Kgjvdzwj Pviæ cÖvK-cVb Mvb `„k¨ AuvKv cÖZxK cov kã K G Kjv L G LvB Kviæ †d‡j †`qv wRwbm cVb Mí w`‡q †Ljbv evbv‡bv cÖvK-wjLb eM©ivRv I wÎfzRivwb kã wjLb †h‡Kvb Mí cybiv‡Pvjbv

Mí Rv¤^y bv‡gi GKwU nvwZ Avjyi †Luv‡R

¯^v¯’¨ n‡iKiKg Lvevi `vevi

cwi‡ek Avgvi wcÖq cªvYx

cwie‡k, ¯^v¯’¨ I cÖhyw³

cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx c¨vUvY© •Zwi msL¨v MYbv (0-20) Aa© ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv msL¨v cov I wjLv msL¨v Zzjbv (1-15) `ywU msL¨vi g‡a¨ Zzjbv eo †_‡K †QvU mvRv‡bv †hvM we‡qvM

cÖhyw³

cwi‡ek MvQcvjv I cïcvwL Avgvi eÜz cybiv‡jvPbv ¯^v¯ ¨ cybiv‡jvPbv

cwi‡ek MvQcvjv I cïcvwL Avgvi eÜz cybiv‡jvPbv ¯^v¯ ¨ cybiv‡jvPbv cÖhyw³

msL¨v MYbv (1-10) msL¨v Qov ev¯Íe e¯‧ cÖhyw³ MYbv Aa© ev¯Íe e¯‧ Ny‡o †eovB hvbvn‡b MYbv msL¨v cÖZxK cov I wjLv ï‡b¨i aviYv

cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx †kÖwYKiY eÈb, Abygvb I cwigvc

cÖviw¤¢eK MwYZ

AvK„wZ evbvB cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv ej‡Zv Kx fvewQ? •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx c¨vUvY© •Zwi dzj‡UvKv msL¨v MYbv (0-20) G‡mv ej †Lwj Aa© ev¯Íe e¯‧ MYbv msL¨v cov I wjLv msL¨v Zzjbv (1-15) `ywU msL¨vi g‡a¨ Zzjbv eo †_‡K †QvU mvRv‡bv †hvM we‡qvM

Qov Awfbq †kvbv-ejv G‡mv ej †Lwj c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv K‡_vcK_b †Zvgiv wK me ABCDEFG wcucov wcucov KqUv wWg kã w`‡q evK¨ •Zwi ej‡Z cv‡iv? Rvg Rvgiæj K`‡ej (cyb: Pviæ cÖvK-cVb KvbvgvwQ †fuv †fuv Av‡jvPbv) Ni AuvKv †b․Kv AuvKv eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ I cVb Mvb Kviæ cÖRvcwZ cÖRvcwZ K G mnRjf¨ e¯‧ w`‡q cÖvK-wjLb Kjv L G LvB wewfbœ wRwbm •Zwi eY© wjLb

Qov, Mvb, bvP I Mí

m„Rbkxj KvR

wbivcËv wec‡` Avwg fq Kwibv