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/- *. !%1!- +*/-+(. /CDN N@>ODJI ?@O<DGN OC@ API>ODJIN JA DHKJMO<IO JK@M<OJM >JIOMJGN RCD>C H<T =@ AJPI? JI H<MDI@ 1$" M<?DJ @LPDKH@IO *JO <GG RDGG =@ AJPI? JI @<>C =M<I? JA @LPDKH@IO /M<IN>@DQ@M >JIOMJGN H<T =@ D?@IODÓ@? ?DAA@M@IOGT =T DI?DQD?P<G H<IPA<>OPM@MN =PO RDGG C<Q@ OC@ N<H@ KPMKJN@s +* +"" * 1+(0)! +*/-+( +AO@I OC@N@ API>ODJIN <M@ >JH=DI@? DIOJ < NDIBG@ >JIOMJG %O DN PN@? OJ OPMI OC@ @LPDKH@IO JI JM JAA <I? OJ <?EPNO OC@ G@Q@G JA NDBI<GN >JHDIB AMJH OC@ GJP?NK@<F@M

) -%*! 1$" - %+ +,!- /+-. $ * ++'

SQUELCH CONTROL. This control allows the operator to stop the constant and annoying, internally generated, . 0!( $ +*/-+( /CDN >JIOMJG <GGJRN OC@ JK@M<OJM OJ NOJK OC@ >JINO<IO <I? <IIJTDIB DIO@MI<GGT B@I@M<O@? =<>FBMJPI? MJ<M AMJH OC@ M@>@DQ@M DI OC@ <=N@I>@ JA JHDIB NDBI<G +I 1$" H<MDI@ @LPDKH@IO DO DN PNP<GGT background roar from the receiver in the absence of an incoming signal. On VHF marine equipment, it is usually JIOMJG an adjustable control. The correct setting is such that the roar just cannot be heard. Further operation of the control is undesirable as /C@ >JMM@>O N@OODIB DN NP>C OC<O OC@ MJ<M EPNO ><IIJO =@ C@<M? "PMOC@M JK@M<ODJI JA OC@ >JIOMJG DN PI?@NDM<=G@ <N OCDN RDGG KMJBM@NNDQ@GT ?@N@INDODN@ OC@ M@>@DQ@M <I? H<T KM@Q@IO M@>@KODJI JA R@<F NDBI<GN

this will progressively desensitise the receiver and may prevent reception of weak signals. CHANNEL SELECTOR. This control is used to select the channel on which transmission or reception is required. $ **!( .!(! /+- /CDN >JIOMJG DN PN@? OJ N@G@>O OC@ >C<II@G JI RCD>C OM<INHDNNDJI JM M@>@KODJI DN M@LPDM@? DUAL WATCH (DW). This control will be found on the majority of VHF equipment. In operation it will permit 0 ( 2 / $ 2 /CDN >JIOMJG RDGG =@ AJPI? JI OC@ H<EJMDOT JA 1$" @LPDKH@IO %I JK@M<ODJI DO RDGG K@MHDO the operator to keep a listening watch on a working channel and Channel 16. This is NOT to be confused with OC@ JK@M<OJM OJ F@@K < GDNO@IDIB R<O>C JI < RJMFDIB >C<II@G <I? C<II@G /CDN DN *+/ OJ =@ >JIAPN@? RDOC scanning desirable or selected VHF channels. N><IIDIB ?@NDM<=G@ JM N@G@>O@? 1$" >C<II@GN

SCAN. This control may be available on some brands of marine VHF equipment. Not to be confused with the . * /CDN >JIOMJG H<T =@ <Q<DG<=G@ JI NJH@ =M<I?N JA H<MDI@ 1$" @LPDKH@IO *JO OJ =@ >JIAPN@? RDOC OC@ Dual Watch control. This control may offer the operator the choice of scanning all the marine VHF channels, or P<G 2<O>C >JIOMJG /CDN >JIOMJG H<T JAA@M OC@ JK@M<OJM OC@ >CJD>@ JA N><IIDIB <GG OC@ H<MDI@ 1$" >C<II@GN JM selected channels. N@G@>O@? >C<II@GN

POWER SELECTOR. This control varies the power of the tranmitted signal. International regulations restrict the ,+2!- .!(! /+- /CDN >JIOMJG Q<MD@N OC@ KJR@M JA OC@ OM<INHDOO@? NDBI<G %IO@MI<ODJI<G M@BPG<ODJIN M@NOMD>O OC@ output power of Marine VHF to 25 Watt maximum. On VHF marine equipment it may be marked â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;25W/1Wâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; JPOKPO KJR@M JA )<MDI@ 1$" OJ 2<OO H<SDHPH +I 1$" H<MDI@ @LPDKH@IO DO H<T =@ H<MF@? | 2 2} (25 Watts or 1 Watt) or â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;high/lowâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. The use of more power than is required to communicate satisfactorily is 2<OON JM 2<OO JM |CDBC GJR} /C@ PN@ JA HJM@ KJR@M OCJHHPID><O@ N<ODNA<>OJMDGT DN < =M@<>C JA OC@ %IO@MI<ODJI<G -<?DJ -@BPG<ODJIN H<T ><PN@ PII@>@NN<MT DIO@MA@M@I>@ <I? ?M<DIN OC@ =<OO@MT NPKKGTDIB a breach of the International Radio Regulations, may cause unnecessary interference, and drains the battery OC@ @LPDKH@IO <O < A<NO@M M<O@ JMM@>O OM<INHDO KJR@M N@OODIB DN B@I@M<GGT M@A@MM@? OJ <N e)DIDHPH KJR@M OJ supplying the equipment at a faster rate. Correct transmit power setting is generally referred to as â&#x20AC;&#x153;Minimum H<DIO<DI M@GD<=G@ >JHHPID><ODJIf

power to maintain reliable communicationâ&#x20AC;?.

%*/!-* /%+* ( 0. +*/-+( /CDN >JIOMJG H<T =@ AJPI? JI NJH@ 1$" H<MDI@ @LPDKH@IO %O DN KMJQD?@? =T OC@ INTERNATIONAL/USA CONTROL. This control may be found on some VHF marine equipment. It is provided by H<IPA<>OPM@M OJ K@MHDO >JHHPID><ODJIN RDOC NO<ODJIN DI OC@ 0. RCD>C ?J IJO >JIAJMH OJ OC@ %IO@MI<ODJI<G 1$" the manufacturer to permit communications with stations in the USA which do not conform to the International >C<II@G KGthat JIOMJG DN Fcontrol @KO DI OC@ KJNDODJI <O <GG ODH@N PIG@NN OC@ times >J<NO<G R<O@MN VHF channel It is important this is|%IO@MI<ODJI<G} kept in the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Internationalâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; position atDI all unless in JA 0. .JH@ H<IPA<>OPM@MN A H<MDI@ 1$" NPKKGD@? OofJ marine PNOM<GD<I JK@M<OJMN H<T <Q@ |%IO@MI<ODJI<G} NP=NODOPO@? theOC@ coastal waters of the USA. JSome manufacturers VHF supplied to CAustralian operators may have =T | PN}

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Internationalâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; substituted by â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Ausâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;.

#!*!- ( -! * ) %*/!* * ! Vessel should be aware OC<O that, JI on J>><NDJIN occasions, a< KJR@M power NPKKGT supply APN@ fuse RDGG will =GJR blow RC@I when OC@ the OM<IN>@DQ@M transceiver DN is 1@NN@G owners JRI@MN NCJPG? =@ <R<M@ malfunctioning and for no apparent reason. It is recommended that a supply of fuses of the manufacturerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s H<GAPI>ODJIDIB <I? AJM IJ <KK<M@IO M@<NJI %O DN M@>JHH@I?@? OC<O < NPKKGT JA APN@N JA OC@ H<IPA<>OPM@M}N M@>JHH@I?@? Q<GP@ =@ ><MMD@? JI =J<M? "JM N<A@ F@@KDIB NK<M@ APN@N >JPG? =@ >JIO<DI@? DI recommended value be carried on board. For safe keeping spare fuses could be contained in an old plastic Ă&#x201C;GH >JIO<DI@M

film container.

1$" ) -%*! -!,! /!-. ,-%* %,(! +" +,!- /%+* 1$" >JHHPID><ODJI M<IB@ ?@K@I?N H<DIGT JI OC@ C@DBCO JA OC@ <IO@II<N JA OC@ OM<INHDOODIB <I? M@>@DQDIB VHF communication range depends mainly on the height of the antennas of the transmitting and receiving NO<ODJIN T PNDIB 1$" H<MDI@ M@K@<O@M NO<ODJIN OC@ M<IB@ JA NCDK OJ NCDK NCDK OJ NCJM@ <I? NCJM@ OJ NCDK stations. By using VHF marine repeater stations, the range of ship to ship, ship to shore and shore to ship >JHHPID><ODJIN ><IOGT DI>M@<N@?

communications can be significantly increased. 1$" VHF H<MDI@ marine M@K@<O@MN repeaters <M@ are PIH<II@? unmanned NCJM@ shore DINO<GG<ODJIN installations PNP<GGT usually GJ><O@? located <O at B@JBM<KCD><GGT geographically CDBC high KJDION points. /C@T <M@ ?@NDBI@? OJ OM<INHDO <I? M@>@DQ@ NDHPGO<I@JPNGT <I? RDGG M@OM<INHDO JM |M@K@<O} <GG NDBI<GN M@>@DQ@? They are designed to transmit and receive simultaneously and will retransmit or â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;repeatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; all signals received. -@OM<INHDOO@? NDBI<GN >@DQ@? =T <IT NO<ODJI GDNO@IDIB JI OC@ M@K@<O@M >C<II@G

Retransmitted signals can be received by any station listening on the repeater channel. (DHDO@? Limited >J<NO coast NO<ODJIN stations JK@M<O@? operated =T by H<MDI@ marine M@N>P@ rescue JMB<IDN<ODJIN organisations MJPODI@GT routinely HJIDOJM monitor 1$" VHF M@K@<O@M repeater >C<II@GN channels JK@M<ODIB DI OC@DM <M@<

operating in their area. Not all coastal areas of Australia are served by VHF marine repeaters. *JO <GG >J<NO<G <M@<N JA PNOM<GD< <M@ N@MQ@? =T 1$" H<MDI@ M@K@<O@MN

%*/-+ 0 /%+* /+ ) -%*! 1$"

1 1$" ) -%*! -!,! /!- $ **!(. $" ) -%*! -!,! /!- $ **!(. 1$" H<MDI@ M@K@<O@MN JK@M<O@ DI OC@ 1$" H<MDI@ M@K@<O@MN JK@M<O@ DI OC@ 0,(!3 HJ?@ JI >C<II@GN JM

0,(!3 HJ?@ JI >C<II@GN JM

"JM OC@DM JRI N<A@OT =J<O JRI@MN NCJPG? @INPM@ OC<O OC@T <M@ A<HDGD<M RDOC OC@ GJ><ODJI <I? JK@M<ODIB >C<II@G "JM OC@DM JRI N<A@OT =J<O JRI@MN NCJPG? @INPM@ OC<O OC@T <M@ A<HDGD<M RDOC OC@ GJ><ODJI <I? JK@M<ODIB >C<II@G JA OC@DM GJ><G M@K@<O@M

JA OC@DM GJ><G M@K@<O@M

DBDO<G DBDO<G .@G@>ODQ@ .@G@>ODQ@ <GGDIB <GGDIB <G@MON <G@MON PNDIB PNDIB 1$" 1$" HPNO HPNO =@ =@ >JIÃ&#x201C;I@? >JIÃ&#x201C;I@? OJ OJ >C<II@G >C<II@G <I? RDGG IJO JK@M<O@ OCMJPBC M@K@<O@MN

M@K@<O@MN

0.! +" 1$" ) -%*! -!,! /!-. 0.! +" 1$" ) -%*! -!,! /!-. %I HJNO ><N@N 1$" H<MDI@ M@K@<O@MN <M@ DINO<GG@? <I? H<DIO<DI@? =T H<MDI@ M@N>P@ JMB<IDN<ODJIN <N < N@MQD>@ OJ %I HJNO ><N@N 1$" H<MDI@ M@K@<O@MN <M@ DINO<GG@? <I? H<DIO<DI@? =T H<MDI@ M@N>P@ JMB<IDN<ODJIN <N < N@MQD>@ OJ H<MDI@MN <I? <M@ <Q<DG<=G@ AJM PN@ =T <GG GD>@IN@? 1$" NCDK NO<ODJIN $JR@Q@M DI JM?@M OJ HDIDHDN@ >JIB@NODJI H<MDI@MN <I? <M@ <Q<DG<=G@ AJM PN@ =T <GG GD>@IN@? 1$" NCDK NO<ODJIN $JR@Q@M DI JM?@M OJ HDIDHDN@ >JIB@NODJI DA ?DM@>O NCDK OJ NCDK JM NCDK OJ NCJM@ >JHHPID><ODJIN <M@ KJNND=G@ JI < IJI M@K@<O@M >C<II@G OCDN HPNO =@ PN@? DA ?DM@>O NCDK OJ NCDK JM NCDK OJ NCJM@ >JHHPID><ODJIN <M@ KJNND=G@ JI < IJI M@K@<O@M >C<II@G OCDN HPNO =@ PN@? DI KM@A@M@I>@

DI KM@A@M@I>@

-@K@<O@M -@K@<O@M >C<II@GN >C<II@GN HPNO HPNO IJO IJO =@ =@ PN@? PN@? <N <N |>C<OO@M |>C<OO@M >C<II@GN} >C<II@GN} JHHPID><ODJIN JHHPID><ODJIN HPNO =@ M@NOMD>O@? OJ OCJN@ >JI>@MIDIB OC@ HJQ@H@ION JA Q@NN@GN <I? N<A@OT JA Q@NN@GN <I? K@MNJIN /J ?DN>JPM<B@ G@IBOCT >JIQ@MN<ODJIN >JI>@MIDIB OC@ HJQ@H@ION JA Q@NN@GN <I? N<A@OT JA Q@NN@GN <I? K@MNJIN /J ?DN>JPM<B@ G@IBOCT >JIQ@MN<ODJIN M@K@<O@MN RDGG DI>JMKJM<O@ ODH@ M@NOMD>ODJI JA <KKMJSDH<O@GT OCDMOT N@>JI?N

M@K@<O@MN RDGG DI>JMKJM<O@ ODH@ M@NOMD>ODJI JA <KKMJSDH<O@GT OCDMOT N@>JI?N

%A %A IJO IJO <KK<M@IO <KK<M@IO =T =T HJIDOJMDIB HJIDOJMDIB < < NCDK NCDK NO<ODJI NO<ODJI ><ODJI DI?D><ODJI JA DON <=DGDOT OJ <>>@NN < M@K@<O@M =T HJH@IO<MDGT ?@KM@NNDIB OC@ HD>MJKCJI@ =POOJI %A < =MD@A <KKMJSDH<O@GT JI@ N@>JI? =PMNO JM |O<DG} JA IJDN@ DN HJH@IO<MDGT ?@KM@NNDIB OC@ HD>MJKCJI@ =POOJI %A < =MD@A <KKMJSDH<O@GT JI@ N@>JI? =PMNO JM |O<DG} JA IJDN@ DN C@<M? AMJH OC@ GJP?NK@<F@M RC@I OC@ =POOJI DN M@G@<N@? OC@I OC@ Q@NN@G DN <>ODQ<ODIB OC@ M@K@<O@M %A < |O<DG} DN C@<M? AMJH OC@ GJP?NK@<F@M RC@I OC@ =POOJI DN M@G@<N@? OC@I OC@ Q@NN@G DN <>ODQ<ODIB OC@ M@K@<O@M %A < |O<DG} DN IJO C@<M? DO DN KMJ=<=G@ OC<O OC@ Q@NN@G DN JPO JA M<IB@ JA OC@ M@K@<O@M

IJO C@<M? DO DN KMJ=<=G@ OC<O OC@ Q@NN@G DN JPO JA M<IB@ JA OC@ M@K@<O@M

+K@M<OJMN PNDIB 1$" @LPDKH@IO @LPDKK@? RDOC C<II@G NRDO>C NCJPG? IJO@ OC<O DO DN +K@M<OJMN PNDIB 1$" @LPDKH@IO @LPDKK@? RDOC C<II@G NRDO>C NCJPG? IJO@ OC<O DO DN @NN@IOD<G OC<O OC@ NRDO>C =@ DI OC@ |%IO@MI<ODJI<G} JM | PN} KJNDODJI OJ <>>@NN M@K@<O@MN

@NN@IOD<G OC<O OC@ NRDO>C =@ DI OC@ |%IO@MI<ODJI<G} JM | PN} KJNDODJI OJ <>>@NN M@K@<O@MN

./ /%+*. "+- ) -%*! +))0*% /%+*. ./ /%+*. "+- ) -%*! +))0*% /%+*. (%)%/! (%)%/! + ./ ./ /%+*. + ./ ./ /%+*. (DHDO@? >J<NO NO<ODJIN <M@ NO<ODJIN JI G<I? @NO<=GDNC@? AJM OC@ KPMKJN@ JA >JHHPID><ODIB RDOC Q@NN@GN <O N@< (DHDO@? >J<NO NO<ODJIN <M@ NO<ODJIN JI G<I? @NO<=GDNC@? AJM OC@ KPMKJN@ JA >JHHPID><ODIB RDOC Q@NN@GN <O N@< /C@N@ NO<ODJIN <M@ KMDH<MDGT M@NKJIND=G@ AJM OC@ N<A@OT JA HJQ@H@IO <I? JK@M<ODJI JA Q@NN@GN RDOCDI OC@DM GJ><G /C@N@ NO<ODJIN <M@ KMDH<MDGT M@NKJIND=G@ AJM OC@ N<A@OT JA HJQ@H@IO <I? JK@M<ODJI JA Q@NN@GN RDOCDI OC@DM GJ><G <M@< /C@N@ NO<ODJIN <M@ IJO GD>@IN@? OJ C<I?G@ KP=GD> >JMM@NKJI?@I>@ <M@< /C@N@ NO<ODJIN <M@ IJO GD>@IN@? OJ C<I?G@ KP=GD> >JMM@NKJI?@I>@ /C@M@ /C@M@ <M@ <M@ IJ IJ Ã&#x201C;S@? Ã&#x201C;S@? CJPMN CJPMN AJM AJM OC@ OC@ M<?DJ M<?DJ N@MQD>@ N@MQD>@ KMJQD?@? KMJQD?@? =T =T GDHDO@? GDHDO@? >J<NO NO<ODJIN <I? H<IT ?J IJO JAA@M < < >JIODIPJPN >JIODIPJPN N@MQD>@ N@MQD>@ $JPMN $JPMN JA JA N@MQD>@ N@MQD>@ <M@ <M@ ?@O@MHDI@? ?@O@MHDI@? =T =T GJ><G GJ><G M@LPDM@H@ION JM DI NJH@ ><N@N =T .O<O@ #JQ@MIH@IO G@BDNG<ODJI

#JQ@MIH@IO G@BDNG<ODJI

%I OC@ DIO@M@NO JA N<A@OT =J<O JK@M<OJMN NCJPG? A<HDGD<MDU@ OC@HN@GQ@N RDOC N@MQD>@N <Q<DG<=G@ OJ OC@DM <M@< JA %I OC@ DIO@M@NO JA N<A@OT =J<O JK@M<OJMN NCJPG? A<HDGD<MDU@ OC@HN@GQ@N RDOC N@MQD>@N <Q<DG<=G@ OJ OC@DM <M@< JA JK@M<ODJIN (DHDO@? >J<NO NO<ODJIN B@I@M<GGT A<GG DIOJ OC@ ><O@BJMT JA H<MDI@ M@N>P@ PIDON T<>CO >GP=N JM Ã&#x201C;NCDIB JK@M<ODJIN (DHDO@? >J<NO NO<ODJIN B@I@M<GGT A<GG DIOJ OC@ ><O@BJMT JA H<MDI@ M@N>P@ PIDON T<>CO >GP=N JM Ã&#x201C;NCDIB >JJK@M<ODQ@N

>JJK@M<ODQ@N

. ./ /%+* % / /%+* % !*/%"% /%+* !*/%"% /%+* / /M<INHDNNDJI RDOCJPO D?@IODÃ&#x201C;><ODJI DN AJM=D??@I GG OM<INHDNNDJIN NCJPG? =@ D?@IODÃ&#x201C;@? =T OC@ Q@NN@G}N I<H@ M<INHDNNDJI RDOCJPO D?@IODÃ&#x201C;><ODJI DN AJM=D??@I GG OM<INHDNNDJIN NCJPG? =@ D?@IODÃ&#x201C;@? =T OC@ Q@NN@G}N I<H@ <IT JOC@M D?@IODOT DA <Q<DG<=G@ JM =T JOC@M H@<IN NP>C <N OC@ )<MDODH@ )J=DG@ .@MQD>@ %?@IODOT )).% DNNP@? <IT JOC@M D?@IODOT DA <Q<DG<=G@ JM =T JOC@M H@<IN NP>C <N OC@ )<MDODH@ )J=DG@ .@MQD>@ %?@IODOT )).% DNNP@? OJ < Q@NN@G}N OJ < Q@NN@G}N DBDO<G .@G@>ODQ@ <GGDIB DBDO<G .@G@>ODQ@ <GGDIB . PIDO

. PIDO

) -%*! 1$" - ) -%*! 1$" - %+ +,!- /+-. $ * %+ +,!- /+-. $ * ++' ++'

+,!- /%*# ,-+ ! 0-!. *<ODJI<G <I? %IO@MI<ODJI<G NTNO@HN @SDNO OJ KMJQD?@ KMJHKO <I? @AA@>ODQ@ N@<M>C <I? M@N>P@ <NNDNO@ OJ NCDKN DI ?DNOM@NN T >JHKGTDIB RDOC KMJ>@?PM@N DI OCDN >C<KO@M NCDK NO<ODJI JK@M<OJMN >JIODIP@ OJ RJMF @AA@>ODQ@GT AJM OC@ =@I@ÓO JA <GG H<MDI@MN

GG M<?DJO@G@KCJIT ?DNOM@NN PMB@I>T <I? N<A@OT ><GGN <I? H@NN<B@N NCJPG? =@ NKJF@I NGJRGT <I? >G@<MGT /C@ KCJI@OD> <GKC<=@O <I? ÓBPM@ >J?@ NCJPG? =@ PN@? DA I@>@NN<MT 0N@ JA OC@ NO<I?<M? H<MDI@ QJ><=PG<MT DN M@>JHH@I?@? DI OC@ ><N@ JA G<IBP<B@ ?DAÓ>PGOD@N

0/$+-%/4 +" /$! ) ./! NCDK M<?DJ NO<ODJI <I? OC@ N@MQD>@ DO KMJQD?@N <M@ KG<>@? PI?@M OC@ <POCJMDOT JA OC@ H<NO@M NFDKK@M JM OC@ K@MNJI M@NKJIND=G@ AJM OC@ N<A@OT JA OC@ Q@NN@G

,-%+-%/4 +" +))0*% /%+*. GG M<?DJO@G@KCJIT >JHHPID><ODJIN C<Q@ =@@I KMDJMDODN@? <N AJGGJRNs %./-!.. ((. H@NN<B@N <I? OM<AÓ> <M@ =MJ<?><NO OJ <GG NO<ODJIN JI ?DNOM@NN >C<II@GNt 0 -#!* 4 ((. H@NN<B@N <I? OM<AÓ> H<T =@ =MJ<?><NO OJ <GG NO<ODJIN JM OM<INHDOO@? OJ C<II@GN <GGJ><O@? AJM ?DNOM@NN >JHHPID><ODJIN JM JI < RJMFDIB >C<II@G DA OC@ H@NN<B@ DN JA <G M@LP@NO JM M@K@ODODJI JA <I JQ@M?P@ Q@NN@G M@KJMO

. "!/4 ((. <I? H@NN<B@N H<T =@ =MJ<?><NO OJ <GG NO<ODJIN JM OM<INHDOO@? OJ C<II@G I <>FIJRG@?BH@IO DN IJO @SK@>O@? AJM < N<A@OT =MJ<?><NO

# !*!- ( +- -+0/%*! >JHHPID><ODJIN RDGG <GR<TN =@ OM<INHDOO@? OJ C<II@G

- %+/!(!,$+*4 ((%*# ½ 2+-'%*# $ **!(. C<II@GN <GGJ><O@? OJ NCDK <I? GDHDO@? >J<NO NO<ODJIN <M@ ><O@BJMDN@? <N @DOC@M ><GGDIB JM RJMFDIB >C<II@GNs <GGDIB >C<II@GN <M@ AJM @NO<=GDNCDIB OC@ DIDOD<G >JIO<>O RDOC JOC@M NO<ODJINt <I? 2 JMFDIB >C<II@GN <M@ AJM OC@ @S>C<IB@ JA H@NN<B@N JM >JI?P>ODIB KP=GD> >JMM@NKJI?@I>@ =T M<?DJO@G@KCJI@

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