[ TEMPORAL IDEALIST ] KEFEI YAN PORTFOLIO
Selected works 2015-2019
Undergraduate of Urban Planning School of Architecture, Southeast University 2019 Candidate
INTRODUCTION
Compromise and obedience become a core concern of architect; Especially in many urban public space design projects, the urban designer often use "people" and "public" in order to carry out grand narrative to raise the value. As Henry Lefebvre and Sharon Zukin said, society is dominated by abstract space, the city began to become a landscape of power. If the urban designers still act as an agent to create, either they do not care about publicity and politics at all, or they flinch to create a nostalgic community and abuse Heidegger to resonate with the public, during which the residents eventually become strangers to each other. So, How can design still work?
CONTENTS
01
[MANIFESTO] DELUTIONAL PRISONERS IN UTOPIA
02
[NARRATIVE AND PUBLICITY] GRAVITATIONAL FIELD
03
[LOCALITY AND PUBLICITY] RECONSTRCUTING PUBLICITY
04
[IDEALISM] 18X18 REPUBLIC
05
[BEYOND ARCHITECTURE] OTHER WORKS
01 DELUTIONAL PRISONERS IN UTOPIA MANIFESTO FOR DESIGN Studio work / Individual Instructor:Fan Wang/Bomin Liu Site:Nanjing,China January 2017 With the development of society and finance,art industry has been pushed to the centre of the stage.However,concluded from the former experience of construction,many artists and the commercial power can not cooperated well.This project intends to construct an fictional utopia on the cultural axis in order to discuss about the game between art and capital.Finally, some of the artists will become the opposite capitalists and rulers even if there is a utopia for them.The architect,if as an agent,uses "people" as an tool to create.Either he can ignore the publicity and politics,or he just construct the emotional community to deceive the public. So,Can Architecture change the world?
EVOLUTION OF ART DISTRICT IN CHINA The art district in china has been hot nowadays,many old art districts have experienced a evolution under the political and financial environment. The artists initially aggregated at the art districts b e c a u s e o f t h e l o w re n t a n d t h e n e g l e c t o f t h e government.They owns their studios and homes there and then developed various functions and the subculture. These years,the government and the capitalists have focused on the art industries and most of the art districts have added the commercial features.However,the artists have lost the discourse power and the freedom.They leave the district to search for their own utopia.
798 ART DISTRICT.BEIJING
HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL AXIS OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA IN NANJING The government of Nanjing has promoted the process of building a Jinling cultural brand and creating a circumstance of the dinstinctive culture to expand the influence worldwide.The government has constructed some art blocks and campus at the edge of the main city.However,these projects have not achieved the desired effect.So the government decided to use the site above to construct an new project contained complex and blocks in order to complete the axis and stimulate the consumption. The historical and cultural axis of the Republic of China is the most busy street in Nanjing.Various historical architecture such as halls,villas,museums and the Presidential Palace.There are also some important commercial and public places along the street.The design has to satisfy the continuity of the context,the vitality of business and the creativity of art in order to attract more artists and travellers.
COMM
LISM ERCIA
> ART
1865 FINDER ART DISTRICT.NANJING
LACK O
LITY
L VITA
STRIA F INDU
FORESTMALL ART BLOCKS.NANJING
LISM >
ERCIA COMM
ART
"PROMOTE THE POSITIVE VALUES" "RESIST INACTIVE CONSTRUCTION" "SUPPORT THE CULTURAL INDUSTRY " "TAKE CONTROL "
OFFICIAL
"VITALITY CREATES VALUE" "THE CULTURAL INDUSTRY HAS HIGH STRATEGIC VALUE" "WE ARE NOT BUSINESSMAN, WE ARE CONVEYING CULTURE" "HISTORY CAN BE SEEN AS SYMBOL "
CAPITALIST
"NEED THE DISCOURSE POWER FOR ART" "PROMOTE THE FREEDOM OF ACTION AND SPEECH" "DESIRE FOR HIGHSTANDARD LIFE"
ARTIST
"CRITIQUE OF CAPITALISM"
"SOCIAL CONCERN"
"DEFEND FOR CAPITALISM"
"ABSTRACT SPACE IS HIERARCHICAL SPACE WHICH CAN REFLECT THE POWER OF CAPITAL AND NATION " "ABSTRACT SPACE IS REPRESENTATION OF EXPANDING SYSTEMIC VIOLENCE.IT IS GEOMETRIC SPACE"
"SOCIALISM SHOULD HAVE A CONCRETE FORM THAT CAN CONTAIN HETEROGENEITY" "DISNEYLAND,COMMERCIAL COMPLEX AND SOME SUBURBAN CLOSED COMMUNITY ARE DEGENERATE UTOPIAS"
"TYPICAL PLAN—GENERIC,RECTANGLE, DEEP,REPETITION AND INDETERMINACY" "TYPICAL PLAN IS FOR BUSINESS,AND IT IS A UTOPIA FOR CAPITALISM"
HENRI LEFEBVRE
DAVID HARVEY
"WE JUST NEED A BETTER LIFE AND PUBLIC SPACE"
CITIZENS
?
"AGENT FOR PUBLIC?" "AGENT FOR ARTIST?" "AGENT FOR POWER?"
REM KOOLHAAS
THE ARCHITECT
AN UTOPIA FOR CAPITALISM,ARTISTS,RESIDENTS AND THE DESIRE SATISFY ALL THE REQUIREMENT TO LET IT BE CONSTRUCTED ALL THE CONSTRUCTIONS ARE ACTUALLY UNDER THE RULE OF ABSTRACT SPACE ALL WILL BE THE INSIGNIFICANT PART OF THE ABSTRACT WORLD THEY EXIST OR DIE,HAPPEN OR BE SILENT AS A AGENT I HAVE CHANGED NOTHING,ALL WILL BE VOLUNTARY PRISONERS I DESIGNED AN GRAVE MONUMENT FOR THE ARCHITECTS AND THE SOCIETY —THE ARCHITECT
DELUTIONAL PRISONERS AND EVOLUTION OF SPACIAL NEED The diagram shows that the spacial need in the architecture changed with the with the leap in social class and status.The authenticity of the architecture decreases during the process and the architect and the users lose discourse power.
PLATFORM
FLOOR 5 1:4000 TRANSFORMATION
FLOOR 10 1:4000 TRANSFORMATION
FLOOR 15 1:4000 NOTHING AND INFINITE
FLOOR 4 1:4000 CLIMAX
FLOOR 9 1:4000 FILTER
FLOOR 14 1:4000 RULING AND RULED
FLOOR 3 1:4000 CONTEMPORARY FREEDOM
FLOOR 8 1:4000 DISCIPLINE
FLOOR 13 1:4000 DISTORTION
FLOOR 2 1:4000 SEEKING FREEDOM
FLOOR 7 1:4000 DESIRE
FLOOR 12 1:4000 NUMBNESS
FLOOR 1 1:4000 FALSE RICHNESS & SYMBOLIC HISTORY
FLOOR 6 1:4000
FLOOR 11 1:4000 SOLIDIFICATION
AMBITION
EVOLUTIONAL PLAN The floors of the utopia show the evolution of people's desire and the relationship between capitalists and art production.
During the process of urban renewal, historical relativism and commercialism often use nostalgia to reconstruct history and public life . The Developer has used the achieve the aesthetic and economic profits. We Urban designer always use "people“ and ”public“ to carry out the grand narrative in order to enhance the social value places and objects as well as the locality they manifest are more profound and can evoke a sense of self-identity among citizens. This project is aimed to find a way the connection among the core station and the attractions. Design can reserve the collective memories and let the public to get involved into the activities in the field
02 GRAVITATIONAL FIELD ORDINARINESS UNDER GRAND NARRATIVE Studio work / Individual Instructor:Fan Wang/Tianyang Ge Site:Nanjing,China January 2019
historical and new monument as tools to of the design. However, narrative of local to use different local elements and build so that can reactivate an abandoned site.
NINGWU RAILWAY AND ZHONGHUAMEN STATION NingWu Railway played an crucial role during the development of Nanjing,it has witnessed the process of urbanism.Nowadays, NingWu Railway which separates the city into two parts has become an serious problem. The ZhongHuaMen Station is an important node in the history and it is near many historical attractions. According to the most recent policies, NingWu Railway wll be transformed into Subway Line 8, the ZhongHuaMen Station will become the transfer station of Line 1 and Line 8. This project focused on how to reconstruct the locality and dispel the scars of the city in the area surrounded by monumental construction in order to reactivate the region.
CURRENT TRAFFIC
PUBLIC TRAFFIC
PLANNING TRAFFIC
QUALITY EVALUATION
HEIGHT
FUNCTION
GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 'Gravitational Field' is a word borrowed from Physics, 'Gravitational Field' is aimed to create several small vitality points and then connect them in order to activate the whole area. 'Gravitational Field' promotes multiple coupling of public art and social culture. Small elements repel the former monument and call for locality and public memory.
1:1000 MASTERPLAN
DIALOGUE AND CONNECTION AND 1:1000 B1 PLAN AND SECTION The main underground tunnel is a trail to build the dialogue between the old railway and the new park which can recall the industrial memory of the local residents. Different branches also connect the various attractions and the station.
MODEL 4 SCENE 2
SCENE 3
SCENE 4
MODEL 3
MODEL 1
SCENE 5
MODEL 2
SCENE 1
03 RECONSTRUCTING PUBLICITY REPRESENTATION OF ORDER AND PUBLICITY Studio work / Group Instructor:Chenghui Wang/Xiao Wu Cooperator:Yan Wang Responsible for: Concept design / Analysis / Rendering Site:Nanjing,China January 2018
Over the past few decades, the production model has changed dramatically, from traditional factories to more diverse entrepreneurial models. Publicity has also become an important issue in the urban development, and “Sharing� is a representative keyword that was born in this era. From the concept of co-working to co-living, it gradually becomes an advocate of the latest lifestyle. This project is aimed to find a new way to explain the relationship between production and publicity in a historical context and also design a district for the outsiders and strugglers in the city. The powerful energy brought by the new lifestyle has broken through the traditional residential model.
EDGE OF MAIN CITY RENEWAL OF FACTORYS OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUNG AND EXTERNAL POPULATION TRAFFIC
PLANNING FUNCTION
MOBILITY FLOATING POPULATION 37%
MIXED POPULATION 35%
REGISTERED POPULATION 28%
AGE <18 12%
18-35 34%
35-60 30%
>60 24%
NEED RENT PRICE
SURROUNDING LANDSCAPE
STARTING AN UNDERTAKING
APARTMENT FOR WORKERS
PUBLIC LANDSCAPE
SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
PREVIOUS FUNCTION
The site is located at the northeast of the Nanjing Railway Station, it used to be the factory area. Many local residents have experienced the collective life in the facotory. The site is at the edge of the main city and many people who come from other cities and struggle in Nanjing always choose to live here for the relatively low rents and shorter commute distance.It is also the gateway to the new town, symbolizing a new urban lifestyle.
LOCALITY
PUBLICITY
INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE
WORKING SPACE
COLLECTIVE LIFE
ORDER AND CONTEXT
PUBLIC LANDSCAPE
PUBLIC SERVICE
PUBLIC ACTIVITY
CO-WORKING
BASIC ANALYSIS
SPATIAL STRUCTURE
LEVEL OF URBAN ROAD
LEVEL OF INTERNAL ROAD
LAND USE
RECONSTRUCTION OF LOCALITY AND PUBLICITY
PUBLIC SERVICE
CO-LIVING DISTRICT
PUBLIC LANDSCAPE
LOCALITY AND PUBLICITY Reconstructing the locality means to continue the previous texture and reconstruct the industrial ruins which can recall the collective memory and witness the transformation of the production model. In the previous industrial area, publicity will also be reconstructed to build the connection between commerce, production and residence.
SERVICE + WORKING + ACTIVITY + COMMERCE
ORDINARINESS
ARCHITECTURE
TRANSLATION
HERITAGE
LOCALITY
LANDSCAPE
ATMOSPHERE
RESIDENCE
RESIDENCE
RESIDENCE + COMMERCE / RESIDENCE + WORKING
RESIDENCE
RETAIL+APARTMENT
COMPLEX+APARTMENT
OFFICE+APARTMENT CO-WORKING
LECTURE+APARTMENT
COMMERCE
WORKING
RESIDENCE + WORKING + ACTIVITY + COMMERCE
SUPERMARKET+GALLERY LECTURE+READING+CINEMA
APARTMENT
GYM+CINEMA LAUNDRY+BAR KITCHEN+CINEMA LAUNDRY+GYM
COMMERCE
PUBLICITY
RESIDENCE
HOTEL+APARTMENT
LAUNDRY+KITCHEN KITCHEN+SUPERMARKET LAUNDRY+SUPERMARKET SUPERMARKET+GALLERY
CO-WORKING CAFE+BAR+READING RESTAURANT+BOOKSTORE RESTAURANT+GALLERY
LECTURE+BOOKSTORE+GALLERY LECTURE+READING+CINEMA GYM+CINEMA
CO-LIVING MODEL The different types of architecture has been classified into four categories, these four categories will reconstruct the new living model which will provide the space and opportunities to start an undertaking and promote the communication among community residents. The covered bridge has connected the second floors of the central co-living apartments, it represents the sight of the previous industry, establishes an activity axis and also creates the publicity in new era.
04 18X18 REPUBLIC IDEAL URBAN RENEWAL Studio work / Individual Instructor:Fan Wang Site:Kibera,Kenya September 2019
MARKET DRIVEN:INFORMAL ESTATE ECONOMY
SPECULATION and NEGOTIATION:INFORMAL SERVICE SPACE
THE INFORMAL ECONOMY PROVIDES SERVICES to CITIES
SILENT DAILY STRUGGLE for LEAPFROGGING
INFORMAL EVOLUTION THE KIBERA SLUM OF NAIROBI IN KENYA In the “Habitat III” conference held in 2016, UN-HABITAT adopted the “New Urban Agenda”, which is widely adopted “Informal settlements” to replace “slums”. Unlike “slums” that emphasize low incomes and poor facilities, “informal settlements” highlight their social and cultural characteristics. In Nairobi 60% of the population live in slumas.The two biggest slum are Kibera and Mathare.There have been almost 1million people living in the Kibera Slum.Slums have become an important container for the informal economy in cities, and it has not received the attention it deserves in urban studies.
Kibera's land was originally donated to the Nubian retired military in the 1920s, and the area was about 2.5 km². Space and function planning has never been done. The country's colonists kept most of the land ownership in their hands through “Royal Land” and a series of other land bills. Through the land-based planning scheme with ethnic segregation, the land ownership of local people is almost completely stripped. In the colonial Nairobi, two important urban plans identified the spatial grid of modern Nairobi and solidified the "apartheid" in space. After the independence of Kenya, apartheid was gradually weakened, but features of "space isolation" continue to this day. The post two urban plannings made detailed spatial planning for the CBDs, but there was a large amount of “white space". After the establishment of the independent government in the 1960s, Kibeyu and the Kuur and other smaller tribes from the Kenyan countryside quickly developed more than a dozen of them because Kibera was close to the railway line. The village, and gradually grow into the world's largest slum.
INFROMAL FORMULATION AND BACKGROUND
INFORMAL INFRASTRUCTURE
The informal community Kibera has the clear peripheral and internal bundary.The population density here is far higher than other areas. The texure of Kibera adapt to the terrain and the spontaneous housing construction cultivates the natural roads.People here gather as villages due to their ethnic groups,religions and languages.
The infrastructure in the area distributes scatteredly.Some service infrastructure is supported by NGOs and governmental department. Some others are controlled by the local gangs. The service space provides important livelihoods for slum dwellers and solves many employment problems.
1200000
Informal Renewal
90.00% 80.00%
1000000
70.00%
800000
A policy from top to bottom, a self rescue from bottom to top
60.00% 50.00%
600000
40.00%
400000
30.00% 20.00%
200000
10.00% 0.00%
0 Official Population
Orphan
Actual Population
Informal statistics
Demographic composition
30.00%
70.00%
25.00%
60.00%
Normal children
Orphan proportion Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t know Other Garbage
50.00%
20.00%
Security Roads
40.00%
Food
15.00%
Toilets
30.00%
10.00%
Health services Water
20.00%
Education
5.00%
10.00%
0.00%
0.00%
1
2
3
4
5
Number of usual members
6+
Jobs Housing
1-2
3-4
5-6
7+
Persons per sleeping room
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
35.00%
Mass demand
INFORMAL LUHAS They just want to stride over the class,they can have their own rights to survive,live and perceive. Which group is the one that needs more attention and care?Orphans, they account for a large proportion in the population and they represent the future of Kibera.
Function
Type
Materials
Concept
1st floor plan 1：200
2nd floor plan 1：200
3rd floor plan 1：200
section 1：200
ORPHAN HOUSING LINKING ENTERTAINMENT
SAFETY
TYPE 1 BEACON
STREETLIGHT
CONSTRUCTION ORPHAN HOUSING
Prefabricated loam wall
SITTING ROOM
ORPHAN HOUSING
KITCHEN BOUNDARY
ENTERTAINMENT
TYPE 2 BEACON
CONSTRUCTION
SAFETY
Prefabricated loam wall
BATHROOM
INFORMAL BEACON The infrastructure in the area distributes scatteredly.Some service infrastructure is supported by NGOs and governmental department. Some others are controlled by the local gangs. The service space provides important livelihoods for slum dwellers and solves many employment problems.These informal beacons play the role of safety beacon which can provide the light during night.Meanwhile ,the informal beacons are individual housing for orphans.The public transportation space is always in light and the living space can be interesting for children to live,play and grow. Local Type
Resident
Resident
SINGLE
SINGLE WOMAN OR SINGLE MAN
OR
INCOMPLETE FAMILY
SINGLE-PARENT OR COUPLES
OR
BIO-PARENT FAMILY
BIO-PAREN FAMILY
JOINT-RENTAL FAMILY
ALL MAN OR ALL WOMAN
Module 3mx2m SITTING ROOM
2mx2m
Renewal Type
3mx3m
3mx5m
SITTING ROOM
3mx4m
3mx3m
3mx4m SITTING ROOM
3mx6m
3mx5m
Plan 1:200
Morphology
SITTING ROOM
Function
Plan 1:300
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
Type 4
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
Type 4
Type 5
INFORMAL BEACON UNIT Different types of basic residential cells can be combined with sharing public space, toilets and bathrooms. We craate such types of Beacon Unit to cultivate the harmonious circumstane for the orphans' growth where they can feel the atmosphere as home.The" Beacon" plays the role of strret lamp as well as the spiritual symbol of day-to-day struggle. The avalibale space of Kibera is limited, sharing public space can help the residents to save their rent expanses. The combined units can formulate many courtyards among the cells to provide micro landscape for the people. It is rich of economic and cultural significanses.
18X18 REPUBLIC "18 x 18 REPUBLIC" aims to provide the safe area for the orphans' activities in slums.If the children meet some emergencies, the farest guardian have to run by 36 meters to get the emergency point.Considering the average walking speed of adults, the cost of time should be limited in 30s.Different types of cells and units formulate a small community which contains variousness and the residents here can build the informal caring mechanism.Meanwhile, the government and NGOs can also make some rules for the renewal process:offering work opportunities for the people who want to renew their houses;every 4 REPUBLICs should have one unit centre which provides educational,water,medical and safety service; Every 9 REPUBLICs should have one community centre which provides the higher level service.
1ï¼&#x161;4000 MASTER PLAN of KISUMU NDOGO
1:2000 MASTER PLAN of the CORE DISTRICT
FOCAL DISTRICT and MACRO-REGULATION
05 OTHER WORKS MORE THAN ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DESIGN CREATION WORK
DESIGNER / WOODEN STRUCTURE
DESIGNER / MECHANICAL STRUCTURE
DESIGNER / STRUCTURE
DESIGNER / EXHIBITION
VISUAL WORK
DIRECTOR / MOVIE ''FOUR MEs''
DIRECTOR / MOVIE ''SILENT CONFESSION''
PHOTOGRAPHER
DESIGNER /BAMBOO STRUCTURE