Building Water Systems: A New Certification

By Jenni Green, P.Eng, and Kalpna Solanki, BSc CPHI(C), MBA

This article originally ran in the Spring 2021 issue of BCWWA’s watermark magazine. Reprinted here with permission.

Legionella was discovered after an outbreak in 1976 among people who went to a Philadelphia convention of the American Legion. Those who were affected suffered from a type of pneumonia (lung infection) that eventually became known as Legionnaires’ Disease.

Interestingly, Legionella was also implicated in another illness previously. The first identified cases of Pontiac fever occurred in 1968 in Pontiac, Michigan, among people who worked at and visited the city’s health department. It wasn’t until Legionella was discovered after the 1976 outbreak in Philadelphia that public health officials were able to show that the same bacterium causes both diseases. While there is no vaccine, the disease is preventable as it is almost always connected to improperly maintained mechanical systems.

Monitoring the disease trends in Canada shows there is a reason to be concerned about the incidence of Legionnaires’ Disease in Canada. In 2000, the rate of Legionella in Canada was around 0.2/100,000; by 2018, this had jumped to 1.7 per 100,000. Considering that these are only the reported cases, there is a very strong likelihood that individuals with milder forms of the illness may have attributed it to a cold or flu and may not have even sought treatment. There is also the strong possibility that many who did have Legionella were never tested even if they did seek medical attention.

Some recent cases of Legionella in Canada: • Surrey, BC: a 2018 Legionella outbreak resulted in 14 cases (all hospitalised), including seven in the intensive care unit with two deaths. • Moncton, NB: 2019, 16 cases, 15 of whom were hospitalised. • Quebec City, QC: 2012, 181 cases with 14 deaths. • Toronto, ON: 2005, 135 cases with 23 deaths. Most recently, during the summer of 2020, in New Westminster, BC, several individuals got Legionella, and one woman in her 70s needed to be hospitalized for 28 days after contracting the illness. It took a great deal of investigative work to track down the source of the bacteria, eventually determined to be a cooling tower.

“That is not a small piece of work. Any manmade water system, whether it is a cooling tower on top of a building or whether it’s a fountain or water feature are possible places where the bacteria can grow and thrive, and so all of these are being looked at,” said Dr. Elizabeth Bodkin,

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Rate per 100,000 of reported cases over time in Canada, grouped by disease

2000-2018

Legionellosis

Legionella are associated with the built environment. The bacteria can proliferate in poorly-maintained plumbing and building mechanical systems and are transmitted through inhalation of contaminated water that has been aerosolised, but not by ingestion of water. Sources include, but are not limited to, cooling towers, swimming pools, domestic water systems, ice-making machines, whirlpool spas, hot springs, and fountains.

1986 2021 Vice President, Population Health and Chief Medical Health Officer.

A review of the data from the US shows similar alarming trends where, year after year since 2000, the number of cases has been increasing steadily.

The COVID-19 pandemic has further heightened attention to Legionella as some health experts express concern that a prior COVID-19 infection could make a person more susceptible to Legionella. There is another concern as well related to shutdown of buildings

Figure 2. Potable water treatment system within a building (passed inspection).

Experience spanning 35 years and more than 500 installations

during the pandemic, where water in cooling towers, fountains, and distribution systems has been left stagnant, providing a perfect environment for Legionella to multiply.

Legionella is a genus of bacteria that includes the species L. pneumophila that causes a pneumonia-type illness called Legionnaires' disease and a mild flu-like illness called Pontiac fever. Legionella bacteria are ubiquitous in water and soil, and multiply quickly in warm water (20–50℃).

Legionella are associated with the built environment. The bacteria can proliferate in poorly maintained plumbing and building mechanical systems and are transmitted through inhalation of contaminated water that has been aerosolised, but not by ingestion of water. Sources include, but are not limited to, cooling towers, swimming pools, domestic water systems, ice-making machines, whirlpool spas, hot springs, and fountains.

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K Figure 4. Cooling tower (did not pass inspection).

Cooling towers, decorative water features, and non-potable water treatment systems (such as for rainwater re-use) have all been implicated in Legionella outbreaks. Examples of some of these systems are shown below.

In early 2020, the City of Vancouver, Vancouver Coastal Health Region, and the EOCP embarked on the project to implement a new certification,

that of Building Water Systems* Operator certification. The certification was then announced at the EOCP’s conference in September 2020. It is anticipated that this Operator training and certification process will have a significant impact in reducing the number of Legionella outbreaks in BC. *This certification also encompasses potable water systems where anti-corrosives are used, as well as rainwater harvesting systems. Waste Water products plus NMac 4.65 x 4.65.pdf 1 1/24/2018 7:37:09 AM

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Interestingly, Legionella was also implicated in another illness previously.

WATER WORKS BRASS AND PIPELINE PRODUCTS

THE FORD METER BOX COMPANY, INC.

P.O. Box 443, Wabash, Indiana 46992-0443 260-563-3171 • FAX: 260-563-0167 www.fordmeterbox.com

Established in 1955, CBCL provides multidiscipline engineering, geotechnical and environmental services.

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Pre-requisites for the Building Water System (BWS) Operator certification, and ongoing requirements to maintain the certification, are:

1. 50 hours of experience working as:

• In a relevant red seal trade, e.g., plumber, boilermaker • Facility Maintenance

Technician • Professional engineer working in a related field • Professional biologist working in a related field • Certified EOCP Operator • Water treatment service provider • Environmental Health Officer • Drinking Water Officer • Swimming Pool Operator

2. Completion of an accredited BWS course

• Course will be two to three days long • Cost for course will be approximately $750 • Course may be in class or online

*Courses have been developed by training providers; accreditation is by the EOCP.

3. Examination

• Web-based or paper • $100 • 50 questions • Two hours long

4. Maintaining certification

• Payment of EOCP annual dues ($99) • Completion of 1.2 CEUs (core and related) in every two-year reporting period (first reporting period would be January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023) While the Building Water Systems certification is first being rolled out in Vancouver, there has been a great deal of interest in this new certification throughout North America, and it is expected that other jurisdictions will follow suit.

AWWA's Barb Martin named to Women in Standards Board

Source: AWWA.org

Women in Standards recently named Barb Martin to its Board of Directors. Martin is the director of engineering and technical services at the American Water Works Association (AWWA).

Women in Standards is a community of standardization contributors, users, participants, professionals, and service providers. Established by women working in standardization, the organization promotes inclusion in standardization, participation by all stakeholders, and provides support and education to assist our community in learning about standardization, finding the right standards committee for them, and growing their network.

“From volunteer contributors to product end users, all stakeholders benefit from an inclusive standardization process,” said Martin. “As a Board member, I am looking forward to contributing to advance the important mission of Women in Standards to promote diversity in standards development.”

AWWA’s more than 180 ANSIaccredited standards cover all facets of water supply, treatment and delivery.

AWWA awards inaugural 5 Under 35 – Outstanding Young Professional Award

Source: AWWA.org

The American Water Works Association (AWWA) announced in April the five recipients of its inaugural 5 Under 35 – Outstanding Young Professional Award. The new award recognizes and honors young professional AWWA members who have demonstrated outstanding service to their Sections or the Association through leadership and active participation in young professional programs.

The 2021 award winners are: • Jeff Blakely, American

Pipe, Rocky Mountain

Section (Colorado) • Amanda Jones, Marana Water,

Arizona Section • Jihyon Im, CDM Smith,

New England Water Works

Association (New Hampshire) • John Logan, Trinity River

Authority of Texas, Texas Section • Robert Parks, City of

Independence Water Utility,

Missouri Section The 2021 award winners were chosen from 23 nominees from North America and evaluated on eight criteria.

The award recognizes young AWWA members who actively pursue their advancement in the water sector through engagement in student and young professional events and activities and by representing students and young professionals’ interests throughout AWWA. The individual must be an AWWA member and under 35 years of age when nominated.

GHD launches diagnostic tool to help North American cities transform delivery of water services

The Water Sensitive Cities Index allows cities to assess how their water system services are planned, designed and delivered.

GHD, one of the world’s leading engineering consulting firms, has announced the North American launch of the Water Sensitive Cities Index (WSC-I), a benchmarking and diagnostic tool developed to assess the tangible aspects of integrated water management (IWM) services including storm water, flood management, ground water, wastewater, water supply, as well as less tangible concepts like governance and community values.

The WSC-I is designed to benchmark an area’s current performance against seven water sensitivity goals. These goals are ranked against 34 corresponding indicators, which are scored on a 1–5 rating scale through a collaborative workshop process involving engineers, planners and stakeholders, facilitated by an accredited provider. The tool is supported by a web-based platform that can filter the results according to the needs and interests of the end-users and decision makers.

“The WSC-I is an important tool to aid stakeholders, who may not traditionally collaborate, across the water cycle. It helps align strategic planning and break down silos, by bringing together water partners to better understand what their progress is toward being water sensitive,” said Anne Lynch, North America Service Line Lead, Integrated Water Management Services. “In the end, this leads to more integrated solutions and project development.”

The WSC-I was developed and industry-tested by the Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities (CRCWSC) in Australia. It allows governments and utilities to evaluate their urban water management systems in relation to other regions, identify priorities for management actions, and learn from other areas experiencing similar challenges.

“There’s growing emphasis around the world on how important urban water services are in enhancing livability, sustainability, resilience and productivity,” said Gemma Dunn, Western Canada Water Market Leader and accredited workshop provider for the Water Sensitive Cities Index. “This goes beyond promoting waterconscious communities – it’s also about overcoming the unprecedented challenges we face, from climate change, pollution and ageing infrastructure, to meeting basic human needs and rapid urbanization.”

Results from WSC-I assessments conducted in more than 50 participating cities have demonstrated the tool can help decision makers identify crucial priorities to accelerate their water sensitive IWM or One Water transition. GHD is the only accredited provider of the WSC-I in North America.

Effective water management is part of all business, industry, and community life. GHD has a powerful global network of water skills and experience they can apply to local scenarios using an IWM-based approach. They offer a broad range of services covering strategic planning, feasibility studies, planning, design, project management, construction, and asset management services, as well as operational optimization. GHD uses selective research, performs pilot trials, fine-tunes existing systems and transfers technologies from other industries to improve quality and manage asset costs.

CONTACT:

Kathleen Munro, Pilot PMR, kathleen.munro@pilotpmr.com

For more information, go to http://ml.globenewswire.com/ Resource/Download/bd4ac04e7482-42cc-9f2f-00968ca53128.

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ACWWA Magazine Chair kmaccaull@dillon.ca