MYKE Coordinators Manual by Kemafro

MyKEducation™ Fun Involved Effective

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COORDINATOR'S MANUAL

MyKEducation™ S. T. E. M. (Science, Technology, Engineering & Maths)

VOLUME 1 www.mykeducation.net

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FOREWORD

MyKEducation™ S.T.E.M. Club is the culmination and combined efforts over a period of 4 years to design a program that would complement the schools' curriculum in a fun way of active participation and interactive learning of Science, Technology, Engineering & Maths. The program aims to seek, to smoothen and close the gap between primary and secondary curriculum so that there is a seamless transition from the former to the latter. It seeks to help the learners realise one of the aims of the national curriculum statements which is to improve the quality of all citizens and in the process free the potential of all the learners that will go through the program. Learners will be able to develop problem solving skills by going through the practical task which they will unravel from the simplest to the complex tasks. Learners will be in a position to relate their curriculum to the real outside world. This is in no way a replacement of the school’s curriculum but an add-on initiative to beef up the national curriculum statements. BY N.D.V. LETSHWITI (Education Industry, Subject Advisor)

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Glossary of terms / Bibliography: O S - Operating System for phones, computers or electronic devices Android – A Linux-based operating system, initially developed by Android Inc. company but financially backed by Google for touchscreen mobile devices like smartphones and tablet computers. STEM – Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths LED – Light Emitting Diode (also mearly known as light) © 2 0 1 3

H&S – Health and Safety

D T

VRoom – Virtual Room App (Application) designed for MyKEducation brand

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App – Application (also known as software for mobile devices) .APK file – An application format designed for Android operating system

Mobile Device – Any phone, tablet computer or portable computer PC – Personal Computer Tablet PC – Portable touchscreen computer with built-in keyboard PC board – Printed Circuit Board mordernly designed by a computer software NASA – National Aeronautics and Space Administration, an agency of the United States of America which also provides services through international partnerships ISS – International Space Station is an internationally developed research facility that is being assembled in low Earth orbit Play Store /Google Play – The official App store where we download applications for Android devices, formerly known as Android Market App Developer – A person, an Individual or a company that writes application programs

► = Icon for Glossary of terms/bibliography. Please refer to this page where you see it.

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Opening Illustration and motivation:

My daughter had only just turned 4yrs old when I asked and challenged her to assemble this little car and we both called it a 'space buggy' (inspired by mars rovers). She was very hands-on that I only cut and bent the frame and left her to do the rest, which was to assemble the less risky parts. Although she is raised up as a little lady playing with dolls I do make sure I also expose her to fun science, technology, engineering, and maths (STEM) related tasks like games and practical tasks such as the one above. She continues to be my motivation to implement MyKEducation™ STEM Club in South Africa as she is living proof that we can start our children at a younger age. I understand that currently we can only focus on Grade 4 + in primary and secondary schools, and I hope that one day we can design a program for younger children from Grade R – 3. Last but not least, still thinking of motivation, the weekend I prepared to fly to South Africa to run our first 3months pilot project at Bethanie Primary School, she wrote me a special fare-well card above that reads (or meant to read): 'To daddy I hope you have a great time From Lily'

DT Tabane (Compiler) www.mykeducation.net

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Career highlight and Industry insight:

Katlego P Motswe is one of many young South African managers at one of the country's successful platinum mining corporations operating in North West province. He manages day to day operations at the mine and is also responsible for a team of colleagues. This is obviously a huge responsibility and leadership skills are a vital ingredient for his job title.

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Katlego believes that it is important to introduce science, technology, engineering and maths at primary level. 'The earlier the better, but simple stuff to understand', said Katlego. His advice to secondary school students is that they should follow the right career for the current economic environment to be able to find jobs when they complete their studies. Asked on the importance of STEM skills in the mining industry, he says; 'Very important' and continued; 'Technology improves the current working environment to make it less physical and safer for the health and safety of employees. He concludes this career insight interview by highlighting that “Science, Engineering and Maths are also used on daily operation of all mining operations”.

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Health & Safety (H&S) and Good Housekeeping

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Good housekeeping can reduce some workplace hazards and help get the job done safely and properly.

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Poor housekeeping can result in many injuries and at the worst case senario, cause death. Dangers of poor housekeeping: © 2 0 1 3 D T T a b a n e

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Cutting, puncturing or tearing of the skin or other parts of the body Hitting against poorly stacked tools or material Being hit by falling objects Tripping over any objects like tools on the floor Slipping on wet or dirty floors or any workshop surface

If implemented correctly, good workplace housekeeping should be an ongoing operation and can yield the following results: • • • • •

effective use of space improved morale/behaviour better control of tools and project material reduced spillages, tripping or slipping accidents increased sense of responsibility towards colleagues & equipment

Planning a good workshop housekeeping Cleaning must be done during project work and not just at the end of the session. Integrating housekeeping into project tasks can ensure that housekeeping is enjoyed as part of the task. Joint team responsibilities for students to repeat at the start of every session: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Clean after ourselves during the session Clean up at the end of every session Throw away all waste Remove any unused tool Inspect our workshop at all times

♯ = Health & Safety reference icon. Please refer back to this page where you see it.

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Reference Icons:

☺= refer to Annexure © 2 0 1 3 D T T a b a n e

☼= information only ♯ = health & safety ► = refer to glossary

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Disclaimer Notice: This manual contains copyright material and intellectual property of their respective owners. The manual is offered to coordinators as a matter of information sharing and educational purposes only. This manual may not be copied, reprinted or distributed without prior authorisation or agreement. This manual and its material may not be sold under no circumstances other than actual costs of printing and delivery alongside training/support. The authors hereby claim no ownership of all trademarks or intellectual property rights of all material used in this manual unless stated otherwise. No warranty is offered as to the completeness or accuracy of the material used. D T Tabane © 2 0 1 3 D T T a b a n e

Credit: Foreword and Introduction by N.D.V. Letshwiti Career highlight and Industry Insight by K.P. Motswe Opening illustration & Motivation by Lily Oratile Tabane And extra motivation by Naomi Milly Motlhwe-Tabane Production by Kemafro Consulting for MyKEducation™ Technical motivation and advisory by N.D.V. Letshwiti Book Cover Photo by STScI for NASA hubblesite.org Photography by A. Savickis for THEY-Media Compiled and arranged by D.T. Tabane First proof reading by T.A. Glass

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MyKEducation™ S.T.E.M. CLUB COORDINATOR'S MANUAL HOURS

STAGE 1 UNIT Unit Name & Details No. 1

1HR 30MIN

How to build a bridge using Brige App 6. Candidates should find Bridge App using an Android 2.3 + Operating System (or above) from Play Store, Install Bridge App on the the device 7. Read instructions or help menu & Navigate through the App to learn how it works, remember that equal triangles make stronger structures 8. Follow instructions and start building easy and more complex bridges demontrated in Annexure 1

☺ 3HRS

How to install Apps on a mobile phone/tablet pc from a Pc/Laptop 1. Candidates are expected to understand how to operate the computer mouse and to navigate through computer files and folders 2. Use the computer mouse and click 'My Computer' or 'Computer' from the start menu 3. Click 'My Documents' and find a 'Folder' where VRoom.Apk file is saved in 4. When you find 'VRoom' in the folder, Left Click on VRoom file and Right Click on 'VRoom' to Copy it as a file 5. Click copy and close the window with a red X normally on the top right of the screen. 6. To ensure that your phone is ready to receive the file, plug a compatible USB cable between the Computer and the Phone. The phone/mobile device should display a message at the top of the screen to give you an 'Option' to Choose to move files to the computer from your phone or from your computer to your phone (shown in Annexure 2) 7. Annexure 2.1 shows how the App is then found on the Mobile Device after being transferred or copied from the computer and pasted on the Mobile Device 8. The final step of this task is to then Install the App (Application on a mobile device from the device's internal or sd card storage where the APK. file is stored. Annexure 3 gives guidance to install the app. *Note that the Android device may be set to only install apk. files from the official 'Play Store' only, so this needs to be adjusted as follows: www.mykeducation.net

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1. Settings 2. Security 3. Tick into the box which 'Allows installation of apps from sources other than the 'Play Store', shown in Annexure 2 Figure 5

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How to transfer apps between Android devices

3HRS

1. Candidates can follow Unit one and Unit two to copy an App file from an Android device, Paste it on the Computer, Copy it from the Computer and transfere it to the a different Android Device. 2. Firstly, an Application which enables you to save Applications as APK. Files like 'App Backup' may be used (Installed from an Android Device's 'Play Store' App) 3. Annexure 2.1 and Annexure 3 guides you through screen samples. © 2 0 1 3

1. Candidates should be able to follow unit 1 above to be able to find NASA Desert Rats on Play Store or Human Body Anatomy, install it and reach each goal of the App according to its developers' instructions

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1HR 30MIN

How to navigate through mobile device Apps

4HRS 30MIN

How to dissmantle and assemble a 3x3 Rubiks cube (Within 1hr) 1. Candidates are expected to follow video, personal or picture instructions (whichever is available) to learn the correct way to dismantle and assemble the Rubiks Cube Original (3x3) version 2. The instructions will need at least one cube per candidate to dismantle and assemble 3. The correct procedure, if used according to instruction, helps to prevent damage to the cube *(and therefore a drop of home cooking oil may be used to loosen the cube and to allow smooth movement of the cube) 4. Annexure 4 shows these procedures in detail

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1HR 30MIN

Introduction to 3x3 Rubiks cube rules and how to solve 1. The rules and instructins are clearly shown on Annexture 5 2. The movement of the cube is identified by movement of the sides of the cube. Left face (L), Right face (R), Front face (F), Back face (B), Up/Top face (U), Down face (D) 3. Candidates should understand that the letters above represent the direction of a clock/Watch and if a letter is accompanied by the (i) = (Inverted), this shows that the direction of the face should be turned Anti-Clockwise. e.g. Fi - represents Front inverted as shown in Page 2 of Annexture 5 4. Understanding the way these faces should move will enable the candidates to follow the rest of Annexure 5 instructions on how to www.mykeducation.net

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solve the cube 5. Solving the cube using these insructions a couple of times leads to instructions remaining in your brain's memory and ultimately enabling the candidate to solve the cube without instructions at all. 7

4HRS 30MIN

Introduction to chess rules and playing an opponent 1. Chess is a game played between two opponents on opposite sides of a board containing 64 squares of alternating colours. Each player has 16 pieces: 1 king, 1 queen, 2 rooks, 2 bishops, 2 knights, and 8 pawns. The goal of the game is to checkmate the other king. Checkmate happens when the king is in a position to be captured (in check) and cannot escape from capture.

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How the Pieces Move: 2. Each of the 6 different kinds of pieces moves differently. Pieces cannot move through other pieces (although the knight can jump over other pieces), and can never move onto a square with one of their own pieces. However, they can be moved to take the place of an opponent's piece which is then captured. Pieces are generally moved into positions where they can capture other pieces (by landing on their square and then replacing them), defend their own pieces in case of capture, or control important squares in the game.

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NB Please refer to Annexure 6 to identify the pieces named below • The King The king is the most important piece, but is also one of the weakest. The king can only move one square in any direction - up, down, to the sides, and diagonally. The king may never move himself into check (where he could be captured). • The Queen The queen is the most powerful piece. She can move in any one straight direction - forward, backward, sideways, or diagonally - as far as possible as long as she does not move through any of her own pieces. And, like with all pieces, if the queen captures an opponent's piece her move is over. • The Rook/Castle The rook may move as far as it wants, but only forward, backward, and to the sides. The rooks are particularly powerful pieces when they are protecting each other and working together!

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• The Bishop The bishop may move as far as it wants, but only diagonally. Each bishop starts on one colour (light or dark) and must always stay on that color. Bishops work well together because they cover up each other’s weaknesses. • The Knight Knights move in a very different way from the other pieces – going two squares in one direction, and then one more move at a 90 degree angle, just like the shape of an “L”. Knights are also the only pieces that can move over other pieces. • The Pawn Pawns are unusual because they move and capture in different ways: they move forward, but capture diagonally. Pawns can only move forward one square at a time, except for their very first move where they can move forward two squares. Pawns can only capture one square diagonally in front of them. They can never move or capture backwards. If there is another piece directly in front of a pawn he cannot move past or capture that piece.

Pawns have another special ability and that is that if a pawn reaches the other side of the board it can become any other chess piece (called promotion). A pawn may be promoted to any piece. [NOTE: A common misconception is that pawns may only be exchanged for a piece that has been captured. That is NOT true.] A pawn is usually promoted to a queen. Only pawns may be promoted.

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◦ En Passant The last rule about pawns is called “en passant,” which is French for “in passing”. If a pawn moves out two squares on its first move, and by doing so lands to the side of an opponent’s pawn (effectively jumping past the other pawn’s ability to capture it), that other pawn has the option of capturing the first pawn as it passes by. This special move must be done immediately after the first pawn has moved past, otherwise the option to capture it is no longer available. Click through the example below to better understand this odd, but important rule.

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3. Candidates should be able to play an opponent and be able to understand the above rules and apply them during a game 8

Introduction to the Raspberry Pi computer (Part 1) 1. The idea behind a tiny and cheap computer for kids came in 2006, when Eben Upton, Rob Mullins, Jack Lang and Alan Mycroft, based at the University of Cambridge’s Computer Laboratory, www.mykeducation.net

4HRS 30MIN

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became concerned about the year-on-year decline in the numbers and skills levels of the A Level students applying to read Computer Science. From a situation in the 1990s where most of the kids applying were coming to interview as experienced hobbyist programmers, the landscape in the 2000s was very different; a typical applicant might only have done a little web design. Source:http://www.raspberrypi.org/about 2. Please follow a step by step guide on how to connect the Raspberry Pi using a quick quide provided by the Raspberry Foundation as v2_1 in Annexure 7 3. Note all required software, hardware, given usernames and passwords to start the Raspberry Pi 9 © 2 0 1 3

Introduction to M MYKE basic electronic Kit (Part1) 1. Candidates are expected to identify the names of all components and tools inside the electronic kit/box. 2. Annexure 9 shows pictures and the names of components and tools inside the basic kit

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3HRS

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STAGE 2 Unit No.

Unit Name and Details

HOURS

How to play chess at an entry level and in a competitive environment

3HRS

1. Follow the guide on Stage 1 Unit 6 2. Candidates are expected to understand the rules of chess and apply such rules while playing at a competitive level. 2

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1. Follow the guide on Stage 1 Unit 5 2. Candidates are now expected to practice to complete this task within 10minutes 3

24HRS

How to solve a 3x3 Rubiks cube (within 1hour) 1. Follow the guide on Stage 1 Unit 6 2. In this Stage and Unit, candidates are given 1 hour to comlete the task

D T T a b a n e

3HRS

How to dissmantle and assemble a 3x3 Rubiks cube (Within 10min)

4HRS 30MIN

Research and write about astronomy using books, phones or pc 1. Astronomy is a Natural Science involving the study of celestial objects, the physics, mathematics, chemistry, and evolution of celestial objects 2. Celestial objects includes planets, nebulae, moons, galaxies and stars. 3. Candidates are expected to write a little information using available resources with recommended topics in Annexure 12

☺ 2HRS 30MIN

How to set-up a basic telescope using instructions

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1. Candidates are expected to identify the parts of a basic telescope; e.g. dust cap, tube rings, equatorial mount, finderscope, eyepiece and etc. as shown in Annexure 10 2. Candidates will be given a telescope and should be given a chance to assemble the parts of the telescope as part of a team and be able to see a desired object (preferably in a controlled environment) Warning : Telescopes may not be used to directly view the sun as this might blind you or damage your eyes permanantly if used without relevant filters.

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Introduction to the Raspberry Pi computer (Part 2) 1. Follow the guide on Stage 1 Unit 8 to set up the Raspberry Pi 2. In this stage candidates are expected to Install a different Operating System or Image to RUN the Raspberry Pi 3. Finally candidates should connect the Raspberry Pi computer to other external or non-standard devices such as bluetooth keyboard, tablet pc, projector, digital camera, HD tv or even self built (soldered kit) printed circuit (pc) board.

Introduction to M MYKE basic electronic Kit (Part2) 1. Follow and connect a simple circuit shown on Annexure 11 2. Use a Bread board, LED (Light Emitting Diode), 220Ω Resistor, Connecting wires and a 9V (volts) Battery (Cells)

3HRS

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STAGE 3 Unit No.

Unit Name and Details

Hours

How to dissmantle and assemble a 3x3 Rubiks cube (Within 5min)

3HRS

1. Follow the guide on Stage 1 Unit 5 and put more time to improve your speed and following the correct manner to dismantle and assemble the cube 2

1. Follow the guide on Stage 1 Unit 6 to improve your knowledge of the basic rules 2. In this Unit candidates are expected to solve the cube at competition level and preferably solve the cube within 5 minutes 3

Introduction to M MYKE basic electronic Kit (Part3) 1. Follow the guide on Stage 1 and 2 to improve your knowledge of components and tool names. 2. Candidates are now expected to build or solder a given soldering project which is slightly more complicated, without needing a replacement board or components.

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How to solve a 3x3 Rubiks Cube at a competitive level

Build a STEM related project and write a short report

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3HRS

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4HRS 30MIN

♯ 120HRS

1. This Unit allows candidates to come up with a workable idea and create or build a project based on what they have learned from Stage 1 through to Stage 3 2. Recording of information and costs of the project are vital to prove main involvement in managing the project. 3. Annexure 13 will provide guidance on: 3.1 selecting and planning your project 3.2 locating information required; 3.3 reading and understanding; 3.4 recording information and referencing; 3.5 writing a report in the best possible format; 3.6 monitoring and evaluating your progress throughout the work. 4. Candidates will need to allocate around 120 hours to work on this project, so you should first work out your available study time for your school/work schedule — block out time for known holidays, work and personal commitments. You will then have the time framework into which you will build your detailed project plan. www.mykeducation.net

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5. Check that you can readily locate resources or information that may be relevant from previous or current school work books. 6. Candidates are advised to frequently communicate with coordinators and other students regarding own project and for advice. 7. Finally candidates will be expected to produce a report from the basic idea to the end of a working product or project, covering details on planning methods and dificulties encountered, how they overcame difficulties and etc.

PROMOTING S.T.E.M. (SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHS) Notes: __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

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Annexure 1 How to build a bridge. An introduction to touchscreen device and critical thinking, while having fun being an engineer.

☼ Bridges are everywhere, and they were anciently used to cross small rivers. Source: Bridge Constructor Android App screen shots. Clockstone Studio & Headup Games

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Annexure 2 Preparing an Android Device to transfer files from the Pc

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

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Annexure 2.1 Finding the File transferred to an Android Device, containing the Application (App)

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

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Annexure 3 Installing the App on an Android Device (Not on official Play Store)

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

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Annexure 4 Dissmantling a 3x3 Rubik's cube

Figure 13 -dismantling

Figure 14 -dismantling

Figure 15 -assembling

Figure 16 -assembling

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Annexure 5 Rubik's cube 3x3 Solving Solution

Source: http://www.rubiks.com/solving-center/

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Annexure 6 Chess pieces and possitions

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Annexure 7 Quick Quide to the Raspberry Pi (V2.1) Source : http://www.raspberrypi.org/quick-start-guide

R.Pi giude page 1

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R.Pi guide page 2

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R.Pi guide page 3

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Annexure 8 Electronic Circuit Board Component Symbols

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Annexure 9 MYKE Electronic Kit Components and Tools

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Annexture 10 Setting up a basic telescope Source: http://www.celestron.com/astronomy/celestron-powerseeker-50az.html

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Annexure 11 Connecting a simple Electronic / Breadboard Circuit

Required Components for simple breadboard project/experiment:

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Annexure 12 Writing about Astronomy Source: Hubble Telescope Website

Topics to choose from:

Black holes Electromagnetic spectrum Galaxies Gravity Comets Solar system Constellation Stars and stellar evolution Hubble space telescope (*Draw for extra Award) OR think of a different topic not listed above *Draw the Hubble telescope on clean A4 paper, your name and date alongside your Astronomy essay about the Hubble telescope or any suggested toppics above.

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Annexure 13 Project Report writing guidelines These guidelines are to help you with the organisation of your report and suggested headings and content. A report must be structured and include:

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A project title The aim of the project Numbered pages Diagrams and sketches The report should contain sufficient detail to enable the project exercise to be repeated by others to enable them to obtain similar results. Conclusion: Do the results agree with the theory and if not why not. Were there any difficulties carrying out the tasks? Bibliography: If you have used books, articles, internet etc. in your project assignment then they need to be listed here.

Writing Frame: Date Title Aim Equipment/Tools Diagrams & Sketches Details of method used Method Conclusion Bibliography

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MyKEducation™ S.T.E.M. CLUB SELF TRACKER

_________________________ (Initials and Surname)

UNIT NAME STAGE 1

STARTED COMPLETE

SIGNED OFF

1. How to build a bridge using Brige App 2. How to install Apps on a mobile phone/tablet pc 3. How to transfer apps between Android devices 4. How to navigate through mobile device Apps 5. How to dissmantle and assemble a 3x3 Rubiks cube (Within 1hr) © 2 0 1 3 D T T a b a n e

6. Introduction to 3x3 Rubiks cube rules and how to solve 7. Introduction to chess rules and playing an opponent 8. Introduction to the Raspberry Pi computer (Part 1) 9. Introduction to M MYKE basic electronic Kit (Part1) STAGE 2 1. How to play chess at an entry level and in a competitive environment 2. How to dissmantle and assemble a 3x3 Rubiks cube (Within 10min) 3. How to solve a 3x3 Rubiks cube (within 1hour) 4. Research and write about astronomy using books, phones or pc 5. How to set-up a basic telescope using instructions 6. Introduction to the Raspberry Pi computer (Part 2) 7. Introduction to M MYKE basic electronic Kit (Part2) STAGE 3 1. How to dissmantle and assemble a 3x3 Rubiks cube (Within 5min 2. How to solve a 3x3 Rubiks Cube at a competitive level 3. Introduction to M MYKE basic electronic Kit (Part3) 4. Build a STEM related project and write a short report

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How good are you at being responsible for your own learning? ___________________________________ (Initials and Surname)

SELF AND PEER ASSESSMENT FORM Score yourself 1-5 for each area: where 1 is awful and 5 is excellent. Ask a friend or relative to score you as well. See if you can explain any differences. AREA OF ASSESSMENT (Over 4 Terms) © 2 0 1 3 D T T a b a n e

MY SELF SCORING T1 T2 T3 T4

PEER SCORE T2 T3 T4

Being punctual Organisational ability Cleanliness & Tidiness Working accurately Finding and correcting own mistakes Solving problems Accepting responsibility Working with details Planning how to do a job Using own initiative Thinking up new ideas Meeting deadlines Working with others in a group My team leading ability

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The costs of printing & delivery of this Material were provided by:

The Basic material to support this manual were provided by:

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For local and international requests to print and guidelines on how to reuse the manual contact: Kemafro Consulting (Pty) Ltd, RSA Email: kemafro@gmail.com