Y10 Science Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 1 Electromagnetic Waves
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Science - Grade 10 Quarter 2 Self-Learning Module 1 – Electromagnetic Waves Second Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Schools Division Superintendent: Gladys Amylaine D. Sales CESO VI Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Peter J. Galimba PhD Development Team of the Self Learning Module Writers:
Michael John O. Marabillo and Lyn Nicole M. Chua
Editors:
June Nathan M. Fernandez and Ladylyn P. Sabla-on
Reviewer:
Edna Rose P. Gueco
Illustrator:
Michael John O. Marabillo
Layout Artists:
Michael John O. Marabillo
Management Team:
Janalyn B. Navarro Edna Rose P. Gueco Ellen G. Dela Cruz
Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Region VI – Division of Bacolod City Office Address: Telefax: E-mail Address:
Rosario-San Juan Sts., Bacolod City 6100 (034) 704-2585 bacolod.city@deped.gov.ph
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Introductory Message For the facilitator: This Self Learning Module (SLM) is a stand-alone resource material in Science which is intended for the learners of the Division of Bacolod City. Learners who do not have online accessibility or who do not want to risk face-to-face learning may utilize this module. This includes a learner-friendly pretest, self-check exercises, and other modes of instructions for learners and teachers who are geographically remote from each other. This covers topics in Grade 10 in the 2nd Quarter with corresponding activities for learners to achieve the most essential learning competencies and lesson objectives. Each exercise in this module is designed for independent learning and practice. However, ensure that the learners’ parents, elder siblings, guardians or relatives at home will guide and support them as they accomplish the given tasks. Furthermore, explain to students that taking the tests diligently will allow them to learn their lessons for their academic progress. Most importantly, remind them to answer the given activities on a separate answer sheet and handle this module with utmost care. For the learner: This Self Learning Module (SLM) is a learner-friendly resource material in Science which is specifically designed for your learning needs and progress. Your patience and dedication in reading and answering the exercises will help you successfully achieve the objectives. You are free to ask assistance from your teachers, parents, siblings, friends, and family members whom you think can help you best. Read each lesson carefully and follow the instructions for your activities. Remember to answer the given exercises in a separate sheet of paper. When you are done, kindly submit it to your teacher who will check and evaluate your level of competency. You can do it! Good luck and God bless
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Parts of the Self Learning Module The following are the parts of this module that will help you finish your tasks. Read the following descriptions below to better understand each part.
I Need to Know
Lesson Overview
This part will be your guide to learn in the specific lessons specifically your skills and competencies. This section will give you the topic, information, and concepts as a brief discussion for you to learn.
I Will Do This
It is in this part that the new lesson will be introduced to you in different ways: a story, a poem, a problem opener, an activity, or a situation. You will be given specific instructions on how to go about the activity.
I Will Practice
This provides you questions and exercises to help you deepen your understanding of the concept.
I Will Apply
This section includes an activity or exercises that will help you apply your knowledge into real-life situations
Concept Check
In this part helps you generalize your understanding of the concepts. This includes questions to check if you have attained the learning competency required of the SLM.
References
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I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you * compare the relative wavelengths of different form of Electromagnetic Waves (S10FE-IIa-b-47); and * cite examples of practical applications of the different region of EM waves such as the use of radio waves in telecommunications (S10FE-IIc-d48). The scope of this module allows you to use it in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. This module will discuss lesson on Electromagnetic Waves and Their Practical Applications. After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. compare the different forms of electromagnetic waves in terms of their relative wavelengths; 2. arrange the different forms of Electromagnetic Waves in terms of their wavelength, frequency, and energy; and 3. cite some practical applications of different regions of Electromagnetic Waves.
Lesson
Electromagnetic Spectrum and its Practical Applications
Lesson Overview Have you tried heating your food using a microwave oven? How about listening to your favorite music on the radio? Have you sent a text message to your friend? The activities mentioned are some of the numerous uses of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are electric and magnetic fields traveling through empty space at a speed of light. There are different examples of electromagnetic waves. They are arranged according to frequency and wavelength called the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic waves are Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible Light, Ultraviolet, X-ray, and Gamma rays. 5
Figure 1. Electromagnetic Spectrum As you can see in Figure 1, different electromagnetic waves are arranged according to increasing frequency (in terms of Hertz or Hz) and decreasing wavelength (in terms of meters or m). When you were in Grade 7, properties of waves were discussed by your teacher which includes frequency and wavelength. Frequency refers to the equal number of waves that passes at a given point in a unit of time while wavelength refers to the distance between two successive parts of a wave. Electromagnetic waves possess energies in terms of electron-Volt (eV). The energy of each electromagnetic wave is dependent on the frequency (in terms of Hertz or Hz). Wave frequency is related to wave energy. The more energy in the wave, the higher its frequency. The lower the frequency is, the less energy in the wave. When it comes to electromagnetic spectrum, gamma ray has the highest energy while radio wave has the lowest energy. For wavelength (in nanometers or nm), it is the other way around. As the wavelength increases, the energy decreases so thus the wave’s frequency. Within the electromagnetic spectrum, the shortest wavelength is gamma ray, and the longest wavelength is radio wave. But what are the different uses of these waves? Why are they important to us? Let us discuss some of their uses as we look at Table 1. Table 1. Common Applications of Electromagnetic Waves Electromagnetic Wave Applications Radio Waves Used in radio and television broadcast. Used in heating and cooking food. Also used in wireless networks, radars, satellite, and spacecraft Microwaves communication. Infrared
Used in determining the temperature of an object (thermography). Also used in remote controls for television and other gadgets. 6
Visible Light
Used in lightings. Used in photosynthesis of plants. Also used in lasers, television screens and phone screens to work.
Ultraviolet Rays
Used in killing bacteria. Induces Vitamin D in the skin of humans. Used to detect fake bank notes
X-ray
Used in checking for bone fractures, spots in lungs as well as checking for breast cancer.
Gamma ray
Used in sterilizing medical equipment as well as killing cancer cells by radio therapy.
Table 1 gives us information how different electromagnetic waves are used in communication, technology, and even in medicine. Let us get to know more about electromagnetic waves as we perform an activity.
I Will Do This Activity 1: Into Greater Lengths Electromagnetic Waves are arranged according to decreasing wavelength. Study and analyze the figure below and complete the table.
Figure 2. Electromagnetic Spectrum with its corresponding wavelengths Electromagnetic Wave Radio Microwave Infrared Visible Ultraviolet X-ray Gamma ray 7
Wavelength (m)
Analysis Questions: 1. Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the longest wavelength? ________________________________________________________________ 2. Which has the shortest wavelength? ________________________________________________________________ 3. Between Infrared, Gamma, and Ultraviolet, which has the longest wavelength? ________________________________________________________________ 4. Arrange the electromagnetic waves according to decreasing wavelength. _____________________________________________________________
I Will Practice At this point, you are now familiar with the different electromagnetic waves and the relationship between the wavelength, frequency, and energy. Now let us try once again to complete the table by answering which electromagnetic wave has a longer wavelength, higher frequency, and higher energy. The first one is done for you. Higher Frequency Gamma ray
Electromagnetic Wave Gamma ray or Ultraviolet 1. Microwave or X-ray 2. Visible Light or Ultraviolet 3. X-ray or Infrared 4. Visible Light or Radio wave 5. Infrared and Microwave
Longer Wavelength Ultraviolet
Higher Energy Gamma ray
I Will Apply Identify whether the electromagnetic wave described is correct or not. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if not. You may use Table 1 as reference for your answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet provided. 1. Visible light is used when lighting a dark room like using a flashlight. 3. Ultraviolet light is used in television remote controls.
2. Microwaves are used to heat food by using microwave oven.
4. Radio waves are used television broadcast. 8
5. Infrared induces Vitamin D production in our skin.
Answer Key I Will Do This Analysis Questions: 1. Radio wave 2. Gamma ray 3. Infrared 4. Radio wave, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma ray
I Will Practice
I Will Apply 1. TRUE
X-ray
Microwave
X-ray
2. TRUE 3. FALSE 4. TRUE 5. FALSE
References Book Acosta, Herma D. et. al. 2015. Science Learner’s Module 10. Rex Book Store Inc. pages 142 - 167 Google https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EM_Spectrum_Properties_edit.svg (Accessed Date: October 28, 2021) https://andor.oxinst.com/learning/view/article/what-is-light (Accessed Date: October 28, 2021) http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys222core/modules/m6/production_of_em_waves.html (Accessed Date: October 28, 2021) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BW_EM_spectrum.png (Accessed Date: October 28, 2021) 9
Written Assessment Worksheet No. 1 Name: _______________________________ Grade & Section: ___________
Concept Check MELCs: a. compare the relative wavelengths of different form of electromagnetic waves (S10FE-IIa-b-47) b. cite examples of practical applications of the different region of EM waves such as the use of radio waves in telecommunications (S10FE-IIc-d-48) Part I. Direction. Read each item carefully. Select the letter of the best answer. 1. Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the greatest energy? B. X-ray C. Ultraviolet D. Radio wave A. Microwave 2. Which statement is TRUE about different regions of electromagnetic waves? A. Microwave has shorter wavelength than X-rays. B. Ultraviolet ray has longer wavelength than infrared rays. C. Radio waves have the shortest wavelength among the EM waves. D. Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength among the EM waves. 3. Which electromagnetic wave is used in the photosynthesis process of the plants? A. Radio wave B. Ultraviolet C. Visible light D. Microwave 4. To kill bacteria in laboratories, which electromagnetic wave is used? A. X-ray B. Infrared C. Visible light D. Ultraviolet 5. Which type of electromagnetic waves is used in radar? A. Ultraviolet B. Microwave C. X-ray
D. Infrared
Part II. Arrange the electromagnetic waves according to the given characteristics. (Radio wave,Microwave,Infrared,Visible Light,Ultraviolet,X-ray,Gamma ray) Decreasing Frequency Increasing Energy Decreasing Wavelength Reflection Question: “What is the importance of electromagnetic waves into your everyday life?” ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 10