Ken Shukwan Tung Portfolio 2024 by Ken Tung

Shukwan (Ken) Tung Portfolio 2020-2023

MLAUD - Harvard GSD | 2023-2025 MArch - Tsinghua University | 2021-2023 BLA - Beijing Forestry University | 2016-2020

01 Massport Going Crazy A Rational Plan for Non-government Lead Urban Design Urban Design | 2023 Fall | Harvard GSD

02 Westwood Intervention An Adaptive Reuse Plan for Westwood Commercial Center Redevelopment Urban Design | 2023 Fall | Harvard GSD

03 Urban Metabolism Toolkit Revitalization Strategies for Existing Urban Infrastructure in Shrinking Area Architecture | 2022 Summer | Competition

04 Bayshore Reverse West Oakland Sustainable Bayshore Development Plan

Content

Landscape + Urban | 2021 Summer | UC Berkeley CED

05 Urban Linkage Chongqing Elevated Bridge Development - Link for Separation Landscape + Urban | 2020 Spring | Competition

06 Super Hydro City Shenzhen Bay Super Headquarter Future Hub Conceptualized Development Plan Urban + Architecture | 2021 Fall | Tsinghua University

07 Dymaxion Ark Mars Future Human Habitat Development

Computational Design | 2022 Spring | Tsinghua University

08 Sumatra Symbiosis Sumatra Elephant Migration Corridor Planning and Evaluation GIS | 2021 Fall | Research

01 Massport Going Crazy

a Rational Plan for Non-government Lead Urban Design

Type: Urban Design Elements of Urban Design Ex.1 , Harvard GSD

South Boston is rapidly emerging as the hub of Boston – on its west is Downtown Boston bustling with various business activities, and on its east is the great port that at the epicenter of global trade. Mass- port is the largest landowner in South Boston. It faces the imperative of optimizing its assets to bring social and economic benefits to the area, given its dual roles as a public authority and a business owner. The design considers the perspectives of both the South Boston community and Massport. It aims to build connectivity and shape the South Boston waterfront to be a global destination, continuing the established “Massport” Model.

Instructors: Dana McKinney White, Peter Rowe, Michael Manfredi Collaboration with Mark Philip

The design is divided into four phases, building a green spine that connects South Boston with the Seaport waterfront by extending the Thomas J. Butler Memorial Park to link with Fort Independence and D Street. An estimated 6M sqft of public green land will be built and accessible to the community, a newly built 2.9 miles coastal line will be restored with a soft edge and a resiliency strategy for floods. Four mixed-use zones will be developed in turn with a focus on a vocational training center, residential areas, life science commercial spaces, and light industrial areas. The estimated profitability is about $1.7B, with each phase rolled out over a four-year period. Leveraging Massport’s strong balance sheet and access to capital, this plan offers Massport control over refinancing and capital return. It will stimulate economic development and cultivate a more dynamic and resilient community in South Boston.

Characteristics of SOUTH BOSTON -High Rent -Under Utilized Post-industrial Land

-Threaten by SLR

CENSUS - SOUTH BOSTON CENSUS AREA: 3.072 sq miles Population: 89,307 Median Household Income: $117,895 Poplation Density: South Boston: --------------------------------------------------- 29,071 ppl/ sq mile Boston: -------------------13,511 ppl/ sq mile Median Rent: South Boston: Boston:

---------------------------------------------------------------------- $2,168 -----------------------------------------$1,696

Percentage of Units with a Mortgage: South Boston: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 76.3% Boston: ------------------------------------------------------------71.1%

SOUTH BOSTON

Distribution of Residents’ Ages Males

Females

>$2,000 $600

$800

10k

Households Number

20k

Distribution of Rent Paid by Tenants

$200 <$100

$900

$500

$300 $400

$700

$2,000

$1,250 $1,000

$1,500

Traditionally, South Boston had a predominantly white, Irish-American population. However, demographic shifts have brought greater diversity to the neighborhood, with an influx of young professionals, families, and residents from various ethnic backgrounds. Gentrification and rising property prices have impacted the socioeconomic makeup of the area, leading to a mix of longtime residents, new arrivals, and a growing number of higher-income households. South Boston’s proximity to downtown Boston, access to public transportation, and ongoing development projects have contributed to its growing importance within the city’s real estate market and urban landscape.

A NEW LOGISTIC TUNNEL

OPERATION 1

to support the recently extended of Massport westend. The RFP will demolish the bridge current across the channel. The total deconstruction and construction of this 0.4-mile-long high effient tunnel will be $324 millions, which will covered by the profit of the development of other zones.

NEW LOGISTIC TUNNEL for Recently Extended Port Soften Waterfront Edge to Mitigate Sea Level Rise

30% More Efficiency (tunnel)

A SOFTEN WATER FRONT

Recently Extended Port (2022)

to mitigate Sea Level Rise, compare to orginal hard-edge shoreline, this RFP construct a 2.98 miles of soften marsh shoreline. The length of shoreline extend is 192% of the original.

92% More Shoreline

A GREEN SPLINE FOR CONNECT

OPERATION 2

This newly built green spline will construct at the 1st phase of the development and will connect through the Seaport and Pleaseure Bay beach. Making the South Boston more accessible.

CONNECT SEAPORT

1.44 mile Green Corridor

MORE COMMUNITY OPEN SPACE CONNECT PLEASURE BAY

to mitigate Sea Level Rise, compare to orginal hard-edge shoreline, this RFP construct a 2.98 miles of soften marsh shoreline. The length of shoreline extend is 192% of the original.

3X More Open Spce

OFFICE FOR CONVENTION

OPERATION 3

This RFP create 5.2 M rentable square footage to support Boston Convention Center and other South Boston Corporate.

BOSTON CONVENTION CENTER

WATER FRONT ACCESS CONVENTION CENTER SUPPORT

This RFP reprogramed the former power plant into open community with public water front access.

MASSPORT SUPPORT

(mixed-development office/residential/hospitality)

COMMUNITY WATERFRONT ACCESS

(Vocational Training Center)

COMMUNITY SUPPORT (Farmers’ Market)

Massport

JOBS OPPORTUNITY A new vocation train center is built to support the Massport and local community. Also part of the former plant transfer into farmers’ market.

5.2M RSF

Public Waterfront Access

30+Jobs Training /Month

PHASE 1 | TUNNEL + FACILITIES + LANDSCAPE

15 Year Cash Flow Calendar Year

2024

2025

2026

Year 1 (308,990,630) (308,990,630) (15,915,944) 265,265,733 (59,640,841) 2024

Year 2 (88,283,037) (88,283,037) (15,915,944) (104,198,981) 2025

Year 3 14,901,198 (3,725,300) 11,175,899 2,846,389 258,454 14,280,741 (142,807) 14,137,934 3,557,986 10,579,948 (44,141,519) (33,561,571) (15,915,944) (49,477,515) 2026

Year 4 15,348,234 15,348,234 2,903,316 264,915 18,516,466 (185,165) 18,331,301 3,629,146 14,702,155 (13,242,456) 1,459,700 (15,915,944) (14,456,244) 2027

Year 5 15,808,681 15,808,681 2,961,383 271,538 19,041,602 (190,416) 18,851,186 3,701,729 15,149,457 (4,414,152) 10,735,305 (15,915,944) (5,180,639) 2028

Year 6 16,282,941 16,282,941 3,020,610 278,326 19,581,878 (195,819) 19,386,060 3,775,763 15,610,296 15,610,296 (15,915,944) (305,648) 2029

Year 7 16,771,430 16,771,430 3,081,023 285,285 20,137,737 (201,377) 19,936,360 3,851,278 16,085,081 16,085,081 (15,915,944) 169,137 2030

Year 8 17,274,573 17,274,573 3,142,643 292,417 20,709,632 (207,096) 20,502,536 3,928,304 16,574,232 16,574,232 (15,915,944) 658,288 2031

Year 9 17,792,810 17,792,810 3,205,496 299,727 21,298,033 (212,980) 21,085,052 4,006,870 17,078,183 17,078,183 (15,915,944) 1,162,239 2032

Year 10 18,326,594 18,326,594 3,269,606 307,220 21,903,420 (219,034) 21,684,386 4,087,007 17,597,379 17,597,379 (15,915,944) 1,681,435 2033

Year 1

Year 2

Year 1 ------(308,990,630) -(308,990,630) (15,915,944) 265,265,733 (59,640,841) (1,461,250,109) Year 1 -(1,461,250,109) (75,046,326) 1,250,772,106 (285,524,329) -

Year 2 138,216,306 (34,554,077) 103,662,230 26,401,725 907,173 130,971,128 (88,283,037) (3,929,134) (88,283,037) 127,041,994 (15,915,944) 33,002,156 (104,198,981) 94,039,837 (417,500,031) Year 2 138,216,306 (34,554,077) (323,460,194) 103,662,230 (75,046,326) 26,401,725 907,173 130,971,128 (398,506,520) (3,929,134)

Year 3 14,901,198 Year 3 (3,725,300) 142,362,796 11,175,899 2,846,389 258,454 142,362,796 14,280,741 (142,807) 26,929,760 14,137,934 929,852 3,557,986 10,579,948 170,222,407 (44,141,519) (5,106,672) (33,561,571) 165,115,735 (15,915,944) 33,662,199 (49,477,515) 131,453,536

Year 4 15,348,234 Year 4 146,633,680 15,348,234 2,903,316 264,915 146,633,680 18,516,466 (185,165) 27,468,355 18,331,301 953,098 3,629,146 14,702,155 175,055,133 (5,251,654) (13,242,456) 1,459,700 169,803,479 (15,915,944) 34,335,443 (14,456,244) 135,468,035

Year 5 15,808,681 Year 5 151,032,690 15,808,681 2,961,383 271,538 151,032,690 19,041,602 (190,416) 28,017,722 18,851,186 976,926 3,701,729 15,149,457 180,027,337 (5,400,820) (4,414,152) 10,735,305 174,626,517 (15,915,944) 35,022,152 (5,180,639) 139,604,365

Year 6 16,282,941 Year 6 155,563,671 16,282,941 3,020,610 278,326 155,563,671 19,581,878 (195,819) 28,578,076 19,386,060 1,001,349 3,775,763 15,610,296 185,143,096 (5,554,293) 15,610,296 179,588,803 (15,915,944) 35,722,595 (305,648) 143,866,208

Year 7 16,771,430 Year 7 160,230,581 16,771,430 3,081,023 285,285 160,230,581 20,137,737 (201,377) 29,149,638 19,936,360 1,026,383 3,851,278 16,085,081 190,406,601 (5,712,198) 16,085,081 184,694,403 (15,915,944) 36,437,047 169,137 148,257,356

Year 8 17,274,573 Year 8 165,037,498 17,274,573 3,142,643 292,417 165,037,498 20,709,632 (207,096) 29,732,631 20,502,536 1,052,042 3,928,304 16,574,232 195,822,171 (5,874,665) 16,574,232 189,947,506 (15,915,944) 37,165,788 658,288 152,781,718

Year 9 17,792,810 Year- 9 169,988,623 17,792,810 3,205,496 299,727 169,988,623 21,298,033 (212,980) 30,327,283 21,085,052 1,078,343 4,006,870 17,078,183 201,394,249 (6,041,827) 17,078,183 195,352,422 (15,915,944) 37,909,104 1,162,239 157,443,318

Year 10 18,326,594 Year -10 175,088,282 18,326,594 3,269,606 307,220 175,088,282 21,903,420 (219,034) 30,933,829 21,684,386 1,105,302 4,087,007 17,597,379 207,127,412 (6,213,822) 17,597,379 200,913,590 (15,915,944) 38,667,286 1,681,435 162,246,304

(208,750,016) Year 3 142,362,796 (77,296,480) 142,362,796 (75,046,326) 26,929,760 929,852 170,222,407 (152,342,806) (5,106,672)

Year 4 146,633,680 (62,625,005) 72,843,031 146,633,680 (75,046,326) 27,468,355 953,098 175,055,133 (2,203,296) (5,251,654)

Year 5 151,032,690 (20,875,002) 118,729,364 151,032,690 (75,046,326) 28,017,722 976,926 180,027,337 43,683,037 (5,400,820)

Year 6 155,563,671 143,866,208 155,563,671 (75,046,326) 28,578,076 1,001,349 185,143,096 68,819,881 (5,554,293)

Year 7 160,230,581 148,257,356 160,230,581 (75,046,326) 29,149,638 1,026,383 190,406,601 73,211,030 (5,712,198)

Year 8 165,037,498 152,781,718 165,037,498 (75,046,326) 29,732,631 1,052,042 195,822,171 77,735,391 (5,874,665)

Year 9 169,988,623 157,443,318 169,988,623 (75,046,326) 30,327,283 1,078,343 201,394,249 82,396,992 (6,041,827)

Year 10 175,088,282 162,246,304 175,088,282 (75,046,326) 30,933,829 1,105,302 207,127,412 87,199,978 (6,213,822)

127,041,994 33,002,156 Year 2 94,039,837 (417,500,031) (323,460,194) (75,046,326) (398,506,520)

165,115,735 33,662,199 Year 3 131,453,536 (208,750,016) 144,977,040 (36,244,260) (77,296,480) (75,046,326) 108,732,780 27,693,143 (152,342,806)

169,803,479 34,335,443 Year 4 135,468,035 149,326,351 (62,625,005) 72,843,031 (75,046,326) 149,326,351 28,247,006 (2,203,296)

174,626,517 35,022,152 Year 5 139,604,365 153,806,142 (20,875,002) 118,729,364 (75,046,326) 153,806,142 28,811,946 43,683,037

179,588,803 35,722,595 Year 6 143,866,208 158,420,326 143,866,208 (75,046,326) 158,420,326 29,388,185 68,819,881

184,694,403 36,437,047 Year 7 148,257,356 163,172,936 148,257,356 (75,046,326) 163,172,936 29,975,949 73,211,030

189,947,506 37,165,788 Year 8 152,781,718 168,068,124 152,781,718 (75,046,326) 168,068,124 30,575,468 77,735,391

195,352,422 37,909,104 Year 9 157,443,318 173,110,168 157,443,318 (75,046,326) 173,110,168 31,186,977 82,396,992

200,913,590 38,667,286 Year 10 162,246,304 178,303,473 162,246,304 (75,046,326) 178,303,473 31,810,717 87,199,978

7,182,430 Year 3 143,608,353 144,977,040 (36,244,260) (11,488,668) 108,732,780 132,119,685 27,693,143 7,182,430 34,616,429 143,608,353 97,503,256 (11,488,668) (231,357,740) 132,119,685 34,616,429 97,503,256 (133,854,484) (231,357,740) (83,227,706) (133,854,484) (83,227,706) (217,082,190)

7,361,990 Year 4 184,935,348 149,326,351 (14,794,828) 149,326,351 170,140,520 28,247,006 7,361,990 35,308,757 184,935,348 134,831,762 (14,794,828) 170,140,520 35,308,757 (69,407,322) 134,831,762 65,424,440 (69,407,322) (83,227,706) 65,424,440 (83,227,706) (17,803,265)

7,546,040 Year 5 190,164,128 153,806,142 (15,213,130) 153,806,142 174,950,998 28,811,946 7,546,040 36,014,933 190,164,128 138,936,065 (15,213,130) 174,950,998 36,014,933 (23,135,774) 138,936,065 115,800,291 (23,135,774) (83,227,706) 115,800,291 (83,227,706) 32,572,585

7,734,691 Year 6 195,543,202 158,420,326 (15,643,456) 158,420,326 179,899,746 29,388,185 7,734,691 36,735,231 195,543,202 143,164,515 (15,643,456) 179,899,746 36,735,231 143,164,515 143,164,515 (83,227,706) 143,164,515 (83,227,706) 59,936,809

7,928,059 Year 7 201,076,943 163,172,936 (16,086,155) 163,172,936 184,990,788 29,975,949 7,928,059 37,469,936 201,076,943 147,520,852 (16,086,155) 184,990,788 37,469,936 147,520,852 147,520,852 (83,227,706) 147,520,852 (83,227,706) 64,293,146

8,126,260 Year 8 206,769,852 168,068,124 (16,541,588) 168,068,124 190,228,263 30,575,468 8,126,260 38,219,335 206,769,852 152,008,929 (16,541,588) 190,228,263 38,219,335 152,008,929 152,008,929 (83,227,706) 152,008,929 (83,227,706) 68,781,223

8,329,416 Year 9 212,626,561 173,110,168 (17,010,125) 173,110,168 195,616,436 31,186,977 8,329,416 38,983,721 212,626,561 156,632,715 (17,010,125) 195,616,436 38,983,721 156,632,715 156,632,715 (83,227,706) 156,632,715 (83,227,706) 73,405,009

8,537,652 Year 10 218,651,841 178,303,473 (17,492,147) 178,303,473 201,159,694 31,810,717 8,537,652 39,763,396 218,651,841 161,396,298 (17,492,147) 201,159,694 39,763,396 161,396,298 161,396,298 (83,227,706) 161,396,298 (83,227,706) 78,168,592

Year33 Year 211,819,554 211,819,554 (52,954,889) 158,864,666 (52,954,889) 40,461,229 158,864,666 9,816,073 209,141,968 40,461,229 (20,914,197) 9,816,073 188,227,771 50,576,536 209,141,968 137,651,235 (20,914,197) (321,015,784) 188,227,771 (183,364,550) 50,576,536 (115,375,136) 137,651,235 (298,739,685) (321,015,784) (183,364,550) (115,375,136) (298,739,685)

Year44 Year 218,174,141 218,174,141 218,174,141 41,270,454 218,174,141 10,061,475 269,506,070 41,270,454 (26,950,607) 10,061,475 242,555,463 51,588,067 269,506,070 190,967,396 (26,950,607) 242,555,463 (96,304,735) 94,662,660 51,588,067 (115,375,136) 190,967,396 (20,712,475) (96,304,735) 94,662,660 (115,375,136) (20,712,475)

Year55 Year 224,719,365 224,719,365 224,719,365 42,095,863 224,719,365 10,313,012 277,128,240 42,095,863 (27,712,824) 10,313,012 249,415,416 52,619,828 277,128,240 196,795,587 (27,712,824) 249,415,416 (32,101,578) 164,694,009 52,619,828 (115,375,136) 196,795,587 49,318,873 (32,101,578) 164,694,009 (115,375,136) 49,318,873

Year66 Year 231,460,946 231,460,946 231,460,946 42,937,780 231,460,946 10,570,837 284,969,563 42,937,780 (28,496,956) 10,570,837 256,472,607 53,672,225 284,969,563 202,800,382 (28,496,956) 256,472,607 202,800,382 53,672,225 (115,375,136) 202,800,382 87,425,246 202,800,382 (115,375,136) 87,425,246

Year77 Year 238,404,774 238,404,774 238,404,774 43,796,535 238,404,774 10,835,108 293,036,418 43,796,535 (29,303,642) 10,835,108 263,732,776 54,745,669 293,036,418 208,987,107 (29,303,642) 263,732,776 208,987,107 54,745,669 (115,375,136) 208,987,107 93,611,971 208,987,107 (115,375,136) 93,611,971

Year88 Year 245,556,917 245,556,917 245,556,917 44,672,466 245,556,917 11,105,986 301,335,370 44,672,466 (30,133,537) 11,105,986 271,201,833 55,840,583 301,335,370 215,361,250 (30,133,537) 271,201,833 215,361,250 55,840,583 (115,375,136) 215,361,250 99,986,114 215,361,250 (115,375,136) 99,986,114

Year Year 99 252,923,625 252,923,625 252,923,625 45,565,915 252,923,625 11,383,636 309,873,176 45,565,915 (30,987,318) 11,383,636 278,885,859 56,957,394 309,873,176 221,928,464 (30,987,318) 278,885,859 221,928,464 56,957,394 (115,375,136) 221,928,464 106,553,329 221,928,464 (115,375,136) 106,553,329

Year 10 Year 10 260,511,334 260,511,334 260,511,334 46,477,234 260,511,334 11,668,227 318,656,794 46,477,234 (31,865,679) 11,668,227 286,791,115 58,096,542 318,656,794 228,694,573 (31,865,679) 286,791,115 228,694,573 58,096,542 (115,375,136) 228,694,573 113,319,437 228,694,573 (115,375,136) 113,319,437

Zone A Potential Base Rent - Concessions Total Rental Revenue Reimbursement Income Parking Income Gross Revenue - General Vacancy and Credit Loss Total Effective Gross Revenue Operating Expenses Net Operating Income Development Cost Capital Reserve Unlevered Cash Flow Debt Service Loan Funding / Payoff (net of fees) Levered Cash Flow Calendar Year Zone A

PHASE 2 | Residential

Potential Base Rent Zone B - Concessions Potential Base Rent Total Rental Revenue Income -Reimbursement Concessions Parking Income Total Revenue GrossRental Revenue - General Vacancy and Credit Loss Reimbursement Income Total Effective Gross Revenue Parking Income Operating Expenses Net Operating Income Gross Revenue Development Cost -Capital General Vacancy and Credit Loss Reserve Unlevered Cash FlowRevenue Total Effective Gross Debt Service Operating Expenses Loan Funding / Payoff (net of fees) Levered Cash Flow Net Operating Income Development Cost Zone B Potential Base Rent Capital Reserve - Concessions Unlevered Cash Flow Total Rental Revenue Debt Service Reimbursement Income Parking Income Loan Funding / Payoff (net of fees) Gross Revenue Levered Cash Flow and Credit Loss - General Vacancy Total Effective Gross Revenue Operating Expenses

Zone C Net Operating Income Development Cost Potential Base Rent Capital Reserve - Concessions Unlevered Cash Flow Debt Service Total Rental Revenue Loan Funding / Payoff (net of fees) Reimbursement Income Levered Cash Flow Parking Income Zone C Gross Revenue Potential Base Rent Concessions -- General Vacancy and Credit Loss Total Rental Revenue Total Effective Gross Revenue Reimbursement Income Parking Income Operating Expenses Gross Revenue Net Operating Income - General Vacancy and Credit Loss Development Total Effective Cost Gross Revenue Operating Expenses Capital Reserve Net Operating Income Unlevered CashCost Flow Development Capital Reserve Debt Service Unlevered Cash Flow Loan Debt Funding Service / Payoff (net of fees) Loan Funding / Payoff (net of fees) Levered Cash Flow

Year - 1 (1,461,250,109) (1,461,250,109) (75,046,326) 1,250,772,106 (285,524,329) Year 1 ------(1,619,504,180) --(1,619,504,180) (1,619,504,180) (83,227,706) (1,619,504,180) 1,387,128,431 (83,227,706) 1,387,128,431 (315,603,455) (315,603,455)

Year 2 ------(462,715,480) --(462,715,480) (462,715,480) (83,227,706) (462,715,480) (83,227,706) (545,943,186) (545,943,186)

Zone D D Zone Potential Base Rent Potential Base Rent - Concessions Total Rental Revenue - Concessions Reimbursement Income Total Rental Revenue Parking Income Gross Revenue Reimbursement Income - General Vacancy and Credit Loss Parking Income Total Effective Gross Revenue Operating Expenses Gross Revenue Net Operating Income -Development General Vacancy and Credit Loss Cost Total Effective Gross Revenue Capital Reserve Unlevered Cash Flow Operating Expenses Debt Service Net Operating Loan Funding Income / Payoff (net of fees) Levered Cash Flow Development Cost Capital Reserve Unlevered Cash Flow Debt Service Loan Funding / Payoff (net of fees) Levered Cash Flow

Year1 1 Year -------(2,247,110,491) -(2,247,110,491) (115,375,136) 1,922,918,927 (439,566,700) (2,247,110,491) (2,247,110,491) (115,375,136) 1,922,918,927 (439,566,700)

Year22 Year -------(642,031,569) -(642,031,569) (115,375,136) -(757,406,705) (642,031,569) (642,031,569) (115,375,136) (757,406,705)

Levered Cash Flow

PHASE 3 + PHASE 4 | Mixed-development

2027

(217,082,190)

2028

(17,803,265)

2029

32,572,585

2030

59,936,809

2031

64,293,146

2032

68,781,223

2033

73,405,009

78,168,592

Detailed Phasing Plan 0 M 3 M 6 M

De moli tion

Tunnel

Phase A

Landscape

Zone A

Phase B

Zone B

Phase C

Zone D

Phase D

Zone C

RFP & Fina nce

Per mit

12 M

18 M

24 M

30 M

36 M

42 M

48 M

54 M

60 M

66 M

72 M

78 M

84 M

90 M

96 M

102 M

108 M

114 M

120 M

126 M

132 M

138 M

144 M

150 M

156 M

162 M

168 M

174 M

180 M

186 M

192 M

198 M

204 M

210 M

216 M

222 M

228 M

234 M

240 M

246 M

252 M

258 M

264 M

270 M ...

Construction of underground tunnel

Consturction

Construction

RFP & Fina Per nce mit

Construction

Lease & Hold (Stablization)

Exit/ Con tinu e to hold

Hold

RFP

Per mit

Finance

Construction

Lease & Hold (Stablization)

Exit/ Con tinu e to hold

Hold

RFP

Per mit

Finance

Construction

Lease & Hold (Stablization)

Hold

Exit/ Con tinu e to hold

Office/Residential Mixed near T

250 Residential Units (district total co

Tram Station (North)

Residential / Office Area %: 15%

Tram Station (Middle)

ept Collage Office/Residential Mixed near Train Station

Tram Station (North)

250 Residential Units (district total count)

Tram Station (North)

400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400

Residential / Office Area %: 15%

Office Balcony

800

Tram Station (North)

Tram Station (Middle)

Tram Station (Middle) Office

Density Decrease

Concept Collage

Tram Station (North)

nsportation

Re-purposed University Ave.

Train Station

Tram Line

Garage

New University Ave.

Original Station

Original Retail with Residential 900 Units (district total count)

Balcony

Tram Station Elevator (North)

Tram

Central Park

Original Retail with Residential Unit 900 Units (district total count)

Residential Unit Original Retail

Transportation 1500

Mixed-development with Station

Low Density Community

Original Commercial

Mixed-development with Nature

1500

Garage

Back Hill Garage

Existing Building

Residential Unit Existing Building

Existing Building

Purposed Garage Purposed Garage

Purposed Garage

Zoning 02 Westwood Intervention

Type: Urban Design Elements of Urban Design Ex.2 , Harvard GSD Instructors: Dana McKinney White, Peter Rowe, Michael Manfredi Collaboration with Pin-yuan Tseng

Original Retail

166

500

1000 ft.

Zoning

Central Park Purposed Garage

166

500

166

500

1000 ft.

An Adaptive Reuse Plan for Westwood Commercial Center Redevelopment n Westwood, the typical American suburban landscape, dominated by car-centric routines and strip malls, stands on the brink of transformation. Our proposal seeks to transform this American suburb into a middle-density community, influenced by the linear movement of the communal train, fostering sustainability and a symbiotic relationship with nature. The innovative plan strategically integrates green spaces into the urban fabric, optimizing land use and increasing density where needed for economic viability. Key strategies include the introduction of a tram system for enhanced connectivity, the development of University Ave as a community hub, and the creation of a central green space for communal activities. Zoning plays a crucial role, with four distinct areas around the central green catering to diverse needs. Nodes within the community enhance connectivity, and repurposing abandoned train tracks as a linear park adds greenery and recreational opportunities. Westwood's transformation embodies a vision of sustainable, community-centric living, aligning with contemporary aspirations for an eco-conscious lifestyle.

03 Urban Metabolism Toolkit Type: Group Competition, 2022 Summer| Architecture Competition | 2022 UIA-HYP CUP Collabration with Zhiwei Xu, Meizhu Chen Competition Theme: Folding Landscape Prototypes for an Urban-Rural Union

Revitalization Strategies for Existing Urban Infrastructure in Shrinking Area | Urban-Rural Agriculture Exhibition Centre The rapid expansion of cities in the 21st century has led to a crisis in the resilience of local supply systems, environmental pollution, and cultural tearing. To address this issue, new urban farming techniques have been developed that allow agriculture to be more independent of large rural land and manual labor and make it possible to produce agriculture in cities. At the same time, the economic transition from manufacturing to services in the context of globalization has led to a decline in many cities, which provides opportunities for the creation of new spaces for agriculture, To address these issues, a prototype of folding landscapes has been developed to integrate agricultural production with modern urban life at various scales. This prototype includes a physical spatial system and a virtual operational system to improve the prototype area and facilitate the dissemination of patterns of urban agriculture. The goal is to ensure food security at a large scale, activate shrinking spaces in cities at a medium scale, and revive the idyllic dream of every citizen at a small scale. We have created a range of revitalizing existing urban infrastructure elements of the peripheral urban area on a variety of scales.

BACKGROUND ISSUES

OUR GOALS

The rapid expansion of cities in the 20th century resulted in the annexation of vast tracts of agricultural land, leading to a crisis in local supply systems, environmental degradation, and cultural divide. To address these issues, a new strategy is necessary for revising urban redevelopment plans and integrating agriculture into urban areas. Innovative urban farming methods have emerged that allow for the production of agriculture in cities, diminishing reliance on rural land and manual labor. However, the transition from manufacturing to service industries in the context of globalization has also contributed to the proliferation of shrinking cities. As suggested by Hall and Hay (1980), the decline of urban areas presents opportunities for the creation of new spaces. By incorporating agriculture into these shrinking spaces formed by high-density urban development, we can envision a future that is both productive and hybridized.

Where: Industrial and traffic regions that may shrink

What: An urban agricultural space transformation toolkit

Although shrinkage phenomenon in China is not significant, the decline of industry and the arrival of the Lewis turning point of the labor are changing the situation. In this context, ‘smart decline’ can greatly enhance urban competitiveness by applying composite green industries to industrial and traffic regions that may shrink.

HOW: Multifunctional and scale of the implant model

Weforward put forward the physical spatial system and the Therefore, we created a prototype assembling differWe put the physical spatial system and the virtual operational system toonly not only improve ent patterns for integrating agricultural production virtual operational system to not improve the the prototype but also facilitates disseminamodern urban life, which an urban agricultural with with modern urban life, which is anisurban agricultural prototype areaarea itself,itself, but also tion of patterns of urban agriculture. We hope to space transformation demonstration station. We tion of patterns ensure security in L-scale, activate the shrinking ensure food food security in L-scale, activate the shrinking provide different audiences with a toolkit for urban space ofcity the in city in M-scale, and revive the idyllic space of the M-scale, and revive the idyllic agricultural space transformation in S, M, L scales. dream of every citizens in S-scale. dream of every citizens in S-scale. S

M M

S S S

expansion caused urban-rural imbalance CityCity expansion caused urban-rural imbalance

-Less resillience of local supply system -Environmental pollution -Agriculture nsufficient around urban area

- Less resilience of local supply systems

S S S S

Apply new urban-farming techniques Applying new urban-rural-farming

S S

techniques into the shrinking urban spaces

ANALYTICAL SITE SELECTION - PART 1 | Urban pattern of the periphery. The competition required us to design city blocks with an average population density of 50,000 people per square mile. Upon examining the population density, we made a noteworthy discovery.

We discovered that a lattice-like pattern of required population density occurs in the periphery of densified city blocks.

STEP 1: Filtering the required population density: 50,000ppl/sq.ml

Beijing

Guangzhou

STEP 2: Categorized different urban patterns extracted.

Shenzhen

Shanghai

Tianjin EXTRA DENSIFY CITY - PATTERN Required density area located at periphery of the central cities or suburban area (Shenzhen, Shanghai)

Cities: between EXTRA / MIDDLE DENSIFY

Nanjing

Chengdu

Wuhan

Xiamen

Zhengzhou

MIDDLE DENSIFY CITY - PATTERN Lattice-like, appear in urban area (Beijing, Nanjing, Shenyang, Chengdu)

Cities: between MIDDLE / LESS DENSIFY

Wenzhou

Nanchang

Shenyang

Fuzhou

Hefei LESS DENSIFY CITY - PATTERN Surface-like shows up in urban center (Hangzhou, Huizhou)

ANALYTICAL SITE SELECTION - PART 2 | Guangzhou as an exampler studying city. We cross reference the ‘population requirement density pattern’ with it’s own urban typology pattern. As we find out the rhythm of these periphery area -- the intersect line between the extra high density and mid/low density. We find out highways, railroads, factories and parcels of farmland often occur in this periphery boundary. STEP 3: New Findings: Area of reqiured density is often shrinkage, occurs with megasize urban infrastructure.

2 Guangzhou as an exampler studying city.

3 SITE as a prototype.

Railroad

SITE Residentials

Factories

jin

Urban Villa

hou

Metro Station (Yuzhu)

A. Complete Shrinkage

Railway

B. Local Shrinkage

Non-Shrinking Area

We cross reference the ‘population requirement density pattern ’ with it ’s own urban typology pattern. As we find out the rhythm of these periphery area -- the intersect line between the extra high density and mid/low density. We find out highways, railroads, factories and parcels of farmland often occur in this periphery boundary. N

Shrinking Area

C. Central Shrinkage D. Peripherial Shrinkage E. Unilateral Shrinkage F. Scatter Shrinkage

Vacant Land in Guangzhou(Data: Mao et al, Beijing City Lab) 60,000 40,000

Line 5, from Central Guangzhou

Population Density(ppl/sq.mi)

5km 5 km

125

375

500m

10km 10 km

Site Area: 33872m²/364,585 sq.ft

SITE located at the periphery of the required density, surrounded by highway/ railways/ factories Guangzhou Shrinkage Area and Population Density Cross-referenced

Line 13, to Guang

Agriculture Agriculture Agriculture Agriculture Agriculture Aquaculture Aquaculture Aquaculture Aquaculture Aquaculture

2 Foot Bridge

1 Highway

URBAN MATABOLISM TOOLKIT PublicPublic Function Function PublicPublic Function Function Public Function| Revitalized existing urban infrastructure.

1 Large Span Type

3 On highway

Traffic Traffic Element Traffic Element Traffic Element Traffic Element Element Toolkit for Transportation Infrastructure 1 1 1 1 1

We have created a range of toolkits utilizing the urban infrastructure elements of the peripheral urban area on a variety of scales.

1 Between roof trusses Industrial Industrial Industrial Element Industrial Element Industrial Element Element Element

2 Foot 2Bridge Foot Bridge 2 Foot Bridge 2Bridge Foot 2 Foot Bridge

1 Highway 1 Highway 1 Highway 1 Highway 1 Highway

1 Large 1 Large Span 1 Large Span Type 1 Large Span Type 1 Large Span TypeType Span Type

3 On highway 3 On highway 3 On highway 3 On highway 3 On highway

2 Traditional 2 Traditional 2 Traditional Type 2 Traditional Type 2 Traditional TypeType Type

External Space

3 Specific 3 Specific 3Type Specific 3Type -Specific Chimney -Type 3Chimney Specific Type - Chimney -Type Chimney - Chimney

Multi-layer Multi-layer space Multi-layer space Multi-layer space Multi-layer space space

2 Large span space

External External SpaceExternal Space External Space Space External Space

1 Under 1 highway 1 Under 1 highway 1column Under highway & Near Under &column Nearhighway & Under Nearhighway &column Near column & Near column

URBAN URBAN METABOLISM URBAN METABOLISM URBAN METABOLISM TOOLKIT URBAN METABOLISM TOOLKIT METABOLISM TOOLKIT TOOLKIT TOOLKIT

Resident

Manager

Multi-layer space Toolkit for Industrial Heritages

1 Between 1 Between roof1trusses Between roof1trusses Between roof 1 trusses Between roof trusses roof trusses

2 Under highway

Large Scale

Middle Scale

3 Specific Type - Chimney

1 Under highway & Near column

URBAN METABOLISM TOOLKIT

Small Scale

2 Traditional Type

Public Space Manager

Under highway Under highway 2 Under 2 highway 2 Under2 highway 2 Under highway

Manager plays an vital role and divides the operation rights

2 span 2 Large 2 Large2 span 2 Large Largespace span space Largespace span space span space

Large Large Scale Large Scale Large Scale Large Scale Scale

Middle Middle Scale Middle Scale Middle Scale Middle Scalespace Scale SmallSmall Scale Small Scale Small Scale Scale Small Scale and responsibilities of the green to the scattered

residents to establish a flexible management mechanism.

Resident Resident Resident Resident Resident Manager Manager Manager Manager Manager

Public Public Space Public Space Manager Public Space Manager Public Space Manager Space Manager Manager

( T1 )

Hydroponic

Manager Manager playsManager an plays vital Manager an role plays vital and role Manager an plays divides vital and an role divides the plays vital and operation role an the divides vital and operation role divides rights theand operation rights the divides operation rights the operation rights rights and responsibilities and responsibilities and of responsibilities and the green of responsibilities the and space green ofresponsibilities the space togreen of the the scattered tospace green the of scattered the space to green the scattered tospace the scattered to the scattered residents residents to establish residents to establish aresidents flexible to establish a flexible residents management to establish amanagement flexible to establish a flexible mechanism. management a mechanism. management flexiblemechanism. management mechanism. mechanism.

Production:1000 heads Growing Space:40 m2

( T1 ) ( T1 ) ( T1 )

Audience

( T1 ) ( T1 )

( T1 )

( T1 ) Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic

Production:1000 Production:1000 heads Production:1000 heads Production:1000 heads Production:1000 heads heads GrowingGrowing Space:40 Space:40 Growing m2 Growing Space:40 m2 Space:40 Growing m2 m2 Space:40 m2

Hydroponic

Production:4225 heads Growing Space:169 m2

Production:11400 heads Growing Space:456 m2

( T1 ) ( T1 ) ( T1 ) ( T1 )

Audience Audience Audience Audience Audience

...

Application Scenario

...

The Corner of Home

...

The Corner of Community and Block

( T1 ) ( T1 )

...

Activity characteristic

... Roof

Roof

Roof Balcony Roof Balcony

Platform

...

Public Interior Space

...

Facade

Street

Infrastructure

...

Vacant Land

Traffic Network

...

( T1 ) ( T1 )

Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic ( T1 ) ( Production:5000 T1 ) Production:5000 ( T1 ) heads Production:5000 heads Production:5000 heads heads Production:5000 heads

...

Growing Space:200 m2 GrowingGrowing Space:200 m2 Growing m2 Growing Space:200 m2 Space:200 m2 Space:200

Co-creation & Community-organized Agriculture Agriculture Production + Social & Public Activity + Exemplary Publicity

( T2 ME ) Earth Culture

Home-based Home-based Agriculture Home-based Agriculture Home-based Home-based Agriculture Co-creation Co-creation Agriculture & Community-organized Co-creation & Community-organized Co-creation Community-organized Co-creation & Community-organized Agriculture &Agriculture Community-organized Agriculture Agriculture Agriculture Co-creation Co-creation Community-organized Co-creation & Community-organized Co-creation Community-organized Co-creation & Community-organized Agriculture &Agriculture Community-organized Agriculture Agriculture Agriculture Features: need&for large space,&experiential, public, Features: to meet the basic needsAgriculture of life, limited space, low cost, & short timeliness, complex, publicity... Agriculture Agriculture Production Agriculture Production Agriculture Production Agriculture Agriculture Production Production Agriculture Production Agriculture + Social Production +Agriculture Social & Production Public + & Social Public Activity Production +& Social Activity Public &+ Activity Public Social Activity & Public Agriculture Activity Agriculture Production Agriculture Production Agriculture + Social Production +Agriculture Social & Production Public + & Social Public Activity Production +& Social Activity +Public Exemplary &++Activity Public Social Exemplary Publicity Activity &+Public Exemplary Publicity +Activity Exemplary Publicity + Exemplary Publicity Publicity low technical requirements, easyProduction to Agriculture operate...

heads ( T2 ME( )T2 ME )( T2 ME()T2 ME ) ( T2Production:3725 ME ) Growing Space:149 m2 Earth Culture Earth Culture Earth Culture Earth Culture Earth Culture

Type 2: Promotion of planting models: Features: Features: need for Features: need large for space, Features: large needexperiential, space, forneed Features: large experiential, for space, large need public, experiential, space, forpublic, large experiential, space, public, experiential, public, public, Features: to meet Features: tothe meet Features: basic to themeet needs basic Features: tothe meet of life, tolimited ofmeet needs basic life, limited space, the needs of life, basic space, low limited of needs life, cost, low limited space, of short cost, life, space, timeliness, low limited short cost, timeliness, low space, short cost,timeliness, low short cost, timeliness, short timeliness, Type 1: PromotionFeatures: of basic crop cultivation products. (needs T1basic ) the ( T2 MA ) Model A - Characteristic & Efficient Breeding mode:

technical low technical requirements, low :technical requirements, low technical easy requirements, lowto technical easy requirements, operate... to operate... easy requirements, toeasy operate... to operate... easy to operate... Type 2: Promotionlow of planting models ( T2 ME ) ... Model E - Agricultural production +ofcrop Community Co-construction Type 1: Type Promotion 1: Promotion Type of basic 1: Type Promotion basic 1: cultivation Promotion crop Type of basic cultivation 1: Promotion of products. crop basic cultivation products. crop of ( T1basic cultivation ) Model products. (crop T1 ) cultivation products. ( T1 ) products. ( T1 ) ( T1 )

Cultivation Cultivation Cultivation Type Cultivation TypeCultivation Type Type Type Type 2: Type Promotion 2: Promotion Type of planting 2: Type Promotion of planting models 2: Promotion Type ofmodels :planting 2: Promotion of :planting modelsofmodels : planting : models :

Technique

Hydroponic

InternalInternal space space InternalInternal space space Internal space

Roof Balcony Community Community Garden Community Garden Platform Community Garden Platform Public Garden Community Interior Platform PublicSpace Interior Garden Platform Public Space Facade Interior Platform Public Facade Space Interior Public Space Street Facade Interior Street Facade Space Infrastructure Street Facade Infrastructure Street Infrastructure Vacant Street Infrastructure Building VacantInfrastructure Building Vacant Building Land Vacant Land Building Traffic Vacant Vacant Network Traffic Land Building Vacant Network Land Traffic Vacant Network Traffic LandNetwork Traffic Network Balcony Balcony

Home-based Agriculture Co-creation & Community-organized Agriculture Activity Activity characteristic Activity characteristic Activity characteristic Activity characteristic characteristic Agriculture Production Agriculture Production + Social & Public Activity

Cultivation Type

Internal space

Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic

Production:5000 heads Growing Space:200 m2

... Vacant Building

Production:3950 heads Growing Space:158 m2 ( T1 )

Production:3950 heads Production:3950 heads Production:3950 heads Production:3950 heads Production:3950 heads Growing Space:158 m2 GrowingGrowing Space:158 m2 Growing m2 Space:158 m2 Space:158 Growing Space:158 m2

Hydroponic

( T1 ) ... Community Garden

( T1 ) ( T1 )

m2 GrowingGrowing Space:926 m2 Growing Growing Space:926 Growing m2 Space:926 m2 Space:926 m2 Space:926

4 Specific 4 Specific 4Type Specific 4Type -Specific Water -Type 4Water Specific Tower Type - Water Tower -Type Water Tower - Water TowerTower

Hydroponic

The Corner The Corner of AThe City of Corner AThe CityCorner of AThe City ofCorner A City of A City

Production:23150 heads Growing Space:926 m2

Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic 4 Specific Type - Water Tower Production:23150 Production:23150 heads Production:23150 Production:23150 heads heads heads Production:23150 heads

( T2 MC( T2 ) MC )( T2 MC( )T2 MC )( T2 MC )

( T1 )

( T1 ) ( T1 )

... Balcony

3 Railway 3 Railway 3 Railway 3 Railway 3 Railway

Production:2850 heads Production:2850 heads Production:2850 heads Production:2850 heads Production:2850 heads Growing Space:114 m2 GrowingGrowing Space:114 m2 Growing m2 Space:114 m2 Space:114 Growing Space:114 m2

Application Application Application Scenario Application Scenario Application Scenario Scenario Scenario

Roof

Hydroponic

( T1 ) Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic

The Corner of A City

The Corner The Corner of Home Theof Corner Home The Corner of Home TheofCorner HomeThe of Home Corner The Corner of Community Theof Corner Community The Corner and of Community The Block and ofCorner Community Block and of Community Block and Block and Block

Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic

Production:11400 Production:11400 heads heads heads Production:11400 Production:11400 heads Production:11400 heads Growing Space:456 Growing m2 Space:456 m2 m2 GrowingGrowing Space:456 Space:456 m2 Growing m2 Space:456

( T2 MC )

Production:2850 heads Growing Space:114 m2

...

( T1 )

3 Railway

Hydroponic

...

Planting Planting Form Planting Form Planting Form Planting Form Form

( T1 ) ( T1 )

( T1 ) Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic

Production:4225 Production:4225 heads Production:4225 heads Production:4225 heads Production:4225 heads heads GrowingGrowing Space:169 Space:169 Growing m2 Growing Space:169 m2 Space:169 Growing m2 Space:169 m2 m2

( T1 )

Planting Form

( T1 ) ( T1 )

Production:3725 heads Production:3725 heads Production:3725 heads Production:3725 heads Production:3725 heads Growing Space:149 m2 GrowingGrowing Space:149 m2 Growing m2 Space:149 m2 Space:149 Growing Space:149 m2

complex, complex, publicity... complex, publicity... complex, publicity... publicity... complex, publicity...

shrimp rice symbiosis, Sankey fish pond, orchard chicken... Type and 2: Promotion Type 2: Promotion ofType planting 2: of Promotion Type models: planting 2: Promotion of models: Type planting 2:ofPromotion models: planting models: of planting models: T2 MA ) ( T2 MA ) ( T2 MA ) ( T2( MB ) ) ( T2 MA Model BModel - Agricultural + Market mode AModel - Characteristic Aproduction -Model Characteristic AModel &- Efficient Characteristic A&- Efficient Model Characteristic Breeding A &Breeding -Efficient mode: Characteristic & Efficient Breeding mode: & Breeding Efficient mode: mode: Breeding mode:

( T2 MA )

shrimpproduction and shrimp riceand symbiosis, shrimp symbiosis, and shrimp Sankey rice and symbiosis, Sankey fish shrimp rice pond, symbiosis, fish and Sankey orchard pond, symbiosis, Sankey fish orchard pond, fish chicken... Sankey orchard pond,(fish orchard chicken... pond, orchard chicken... T1 ) chicken... ( rice T2 MC )chicken... Model - Agricultural +rice Tourism mode (Model T2 ME ) ( T2 ME ) ... (Model T2 ME ) ( T2 ME ) ...( C T2 ME ) ... ... ...Model Model EModel - Agricultural E - Model Agricultural production EModel - Agricultural production E -+Agricultural Model Community production +ECommunity - Agricultural production Co-construction + Community Co-construction production + Community Model Co-construction + Community Co-construction Model Co-construction ( T2 MB ) ( T2 ) ( T2mode MB ) ( T2 MB ) ( T2 MB ) Model BModel - Agricultural B - Model Agricultural production BModel - Agricultural production B -+Agricultural Model Market production +BMarket mode - Agricultural production mode + Market production + mode Market mode +MB Market Model D - Agricultural Production + Agricultural R&D mode ( T2 MD) ... ( T1) ()T2 MC ( T1) ) ( T2 (MC T1) ) ( T1 ) (+T2Tourism MC )( T2mode ) ( T2 mode MC Model C Model - Agricultural C -Model Agricultural production C Model - Agricultural production C -+Model Agricultural Tourism production + CTourism mode - Agricultural production + mode Tourism production mode +MC Tourism

Earth Culture

Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Earth Earth Technique Technique Technique Technique Technique Culture Culture Earth Earth Culture Culture Earth Culture

Model DModel - Agricultural D -Model Agricultural Production DModel - Agricultural Production D+ - Model Agricultural Agricultural Production +DAgricultural - Agricultural Production R&D + mode Agricultural R&D Production + mode Agricultural +mode Agricultural mode R&D ( R&D T2 MD) ( R&D T2 MD) MD)mode ( ... T2 MD) ...( T2 MD) ... Compound Agriculture ... ...( T2

Compound Compound Compound Agriculture Compound Agriculture Agriculture Compound Agriculture Agriculture

Hydroponic

( T1 )

Production:8200 heads Growing Space:328 m2 Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic

Production:8200 heads Production:8200 heads Production:8200 heads Production:8200 heads Production:8200 heads Growing Space:328 m2 GrowingGrowing Space:328 m2 Growing m2 Growing Space:328 m2 Space:328 m2 Space:328

( T2 MA ) Hydroponic ( T2 MA( )T2 MA )( T2 MA( )T2 MA ) ( T2 MA )

( T1 ) ( T1 ) ( T1 )

( T1 ) ( T1 )

( T1 )

Production:1375 heads Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Growing Space:55 m2

Production:1375 heads Production:1375 heads Production:1375 Production:1375 heads heads Production:1375 heads Growing Space:55 m2 Space:55 m2 Growing Space:55 m2 GrowingGrowing Space:55 Space:55 m2 Growing m2

( T2 MA&MB ) Hydroponic

( T2 MA&MB ) ( T2 MA&MB ( T2 MA&MB ) ( T2 MA&MB ) ( T2 )MA&MB ) Animal Husbandry Production:44700 heads ( T2 MA ) Production:3360 Chickens Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Hydroponic Growing Space:1788 m2 AnimalAnimal Husbandry Husbandry Animal Husbandry Husbandry AnimalAnimal Husbandry Production:44700 heads Production:44700 heads Production:44700 Production:44700 Production:44700 heads heads heads ( T2 MA(Chickens )T2 MA )( T2 MA( )T2 MA ) ( T2 MA ) Production:3360 Chickens Production:3360 Chickens Production:3360 Chickens Production:3360 Production:3360 Chickens Growing m2 m2 GrowingGrowing Space:1788 m2 Growing Space:1788 Growing Space:1788 m2 Space:1788 m2 Space:1788

Aquaculture Aquaculture Aquaculture Aquaculture Aquaculture Aquaculture

Resident

Mayor “After visiting the demonstration station, I found out that there was such a simple and light agricultural planting method as hydroponic agriculture, I would take a few hydroponic agricultural planting boxes back home and experience the joy of growing vegetables.”

Small Scale Product Hydroponic Agricultural Planting Box

Middle Scale Product Hydroponic Agricultural

“In our city, the space under the overpass has always been a negative space, and we have always wanted to use some ways to transform the space under it and improve the appearance of the city. When I visited the demonstration station, I decided to use this way of renovation.”

Conventional Type Factory - Poultry Farm & Market

Viaduct-Agriculture & Infrastructure Facade

Large Span Type Factory - Agriculture & Canteen

Viaduct-Agriculture & Infrastructure Facade Large Span Type Factory - Agriculture & Canteen

Architecture Facade Entrance Water Tower - Aquiculture & Exhibition

Chimney - Agriculture & Observation Entrance

Large Span Type Factory - Agriculture & Canteen Landscape Footbridge

Businessman

Designer

Middle Scale Product Water Tower Aquaculture

“The decline of industry left behind many industrial elements of different scales, and the water tower is one of them. Here I see it being repurposed in conjunction with aquaculture, which is a great idea and inspires me a lot..”

Small Scale Product

Agriculture Spreads To Cities.

Hydroponic Agricultural Furniture

“When I visited the demonstration station, I found that it showed a product that combines agricultural production with furniture functions, and when people use it, they can experience agriculture while eating, which is an attractive idea, which is very suitable for my family's restaurant. I think buy some products.”

Conventional Type Factory - Chicken Farm & Market

URGEN ISSUES I | Afforded Housing Shortage Recent economic expansion and demographic expansion have augmented the demand for housing. The confluence of elevated demand and inadequate supply has inexorably caused an escalation in California's real estate prices. Data source: Bay Area Council Economic Institute, McKinsey & Company

15%

SIT

Approximately 50% of households in the state are unable to afford the cost of housing in their local market.

$50 billion

ON TI A k T U ar S I ate P t NT e S R E shor R t s s C U E a Acr e n i E 0 l 0 h T S I Laug X . 5 O c P M P :A ea Ar

ANNUAL HOUSING AFFORDABILITY GAP

$140 billion LOST ECONOMIC OUTPUT PER YAER

Housing price increase since 2009

THE DEMOGRAPHICS OF THE HOMELESS IN THE BAY AREA,% The bay area sees high rates of chronic, youth and individual homeless.

Gender

32 Women

67 Men

Familiar Analysis

14 Families

67 Individuals age 25 or over

20 Unaccompanied youtth under age 25

39 28

Primary Cause Chronic homeless

Veterans

Severe mental illness

Substance abuse

URGEN ISSUES II | Low-lying Land and Sea Level Rise Water begins to enter when there is a sea level rise of 12 inches, resulting in the surmounting of wetlands, berms, shoreline defense structures, and the engineered levee section adjacent to the Oakland Bay Bridge (i-80). Data source: USGS CoSMoS, UC Berkeley

Social Vulnerability Contamination Vulnerability

FLOODED REGION-WIDE Acres of block groups with contamination vulunerability.

TOTAL RESIDENTIAL UNITS WITH SOCIAL VULNERABILITY AND CONTAMINATION VULNERABILITY IMPACTED BY FLOODING REGION-WIDE

Total: 1624 Acres

178 （33%）

12''

36''

52''

66''

1211 （74%）

84''

96''

1624 （100%）

108''

Total Water Level (in inches)

60 40

RATE OF CHANGE

millimeters per year

3.4

SOCIAL AND CONTAMINATION SOCIAL VULNERABILITY

1995

2000

2005

2010

04 Bayshore Reverse Type:Landscape UC Berkeley CED-GAP Studio, 2019 Fall, 2021 Revisit Site: West Oakland, CA Instructors: Tommy Haddock

2015

CONTAMINATION BURDEN

Number of Existing Househoulds(2010)

158 （11%）

793 （48%）

536 （48%）

1446 （89%）

75,000

50,000

25,000

12''

24''

36''

48''

52''

66''

77''

84''

96''

108''

Total Water Level(TWL) in inches Data source: San Francisco Bay Tidal Datums and Extreme Tides Study, AECOM

West Oakland Sustainable Bayshore Development Plan Sea level rise is an imminent global issue that disproportionately affects vulnerable groups, such as homeless people in the Oakland Bay Area. As sea levels rise, affordable housing becomes scarce and open spaces disappear, leading to a vicious cycle. In an effort to address this issue, a sustainable development approach called "Bayshore Reverse" has been proposed. This approach involves transforming neglected and ecological funtionless bayshore wetlands into mixed-use urban waterfronts without damaging the local ecology. In addition, experiments have been conducted on the topic of costal sediment accumulation to find ways to restore coastal ecology and create sustainable tidal deltas. These efforts aim to bridge the gap between different groups by providing equitable opportunities and reducing social vulnerability, and to create a more resilient space for nature and society to adapt to natural changes and prevent environmental crises.

RENT AND FUTURECURRENT FLOODINGAND RISKFUTURE FLOOD RISK AROUND SITE At 24” TWL Flooding impacts the i-80 san francisco – oakland bay bridge touchdown in the westbound high occupancy vehicle lane.

By 36” TWL Flooding expands to the toll plaza area, administrative buildings and fueling facilities

At 52” TWL Overtopping of a shoreline protection structure south of the i-80 san francisco – oakland bay bridge touchdown leads to flooding in west oakland, while Overtopping of an embankment under the macarthur maze interstate junction and Leads to flooding of emeryville.

At 77” TWL When significant new portions of emeryville become exposed to flooding in commercial and residential areas. Flooding increases significantly as total water levels rise.

History of changes in the shoreline and wetlands - from 1857 to 2020 Wetlands

nds in front of I-580/I-80 are o flooding starting at 12” TWL,

Shoreline

INNUNDATED AREA: 158 acre

INNUNDATED AREA: 178 acre

INNUNDATED AREA: 793 acre

INNUNDATED AREA: 536 acre

INNUNDATED AREA: 1211 acre

INNUNDATED AREA: 1446 acre

Data source: Bay Area Sea Level Rise Analysis and Mapping Project, ALAMEDA COUNTY

INUNDATED AREA OF 96'' SEA LEVEL RISE

SITE

FLOOD PROTECTION GAP

BAY AREA SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

TIDAL FLAT WETLAND

HOMELESS ENCAMPMENT

The remaining wetland has lost its function of protecting the shoreline, instead, it has become a point of flood invasion.

with water surface

angled levee + flowing water

surface surface surface ams Yellow the Yellow onRiver the Yellow River in inRiver in sediment accumulation surface surface surface

ms Yellow the onYellow the River Yellow River in River in in

surface surface surface surface surface surface

ABOVE

accumulation result

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Each prototype formed by the manmade levee and naturally accumulated sediment. The shape of the accumulation was majorly affected by the shape of the levee, location of the levee.

surface

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60% wave intensity

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CONSTRUCTED LANDSCAPE

ECOLOGICAL MARSH CAVITY UNIT

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SEDIMENTARY LANDFORM

with halfINTERMEDIATE cavity inside with fullCAVITY cavity inside INTERMEDIATE INTERMEDIATE FULLFULL CAVITY CAVITY FULL CAVITY CAVITY CAVITY

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hydrological/soil hydrological/soil hydrological/soil property/ property/ property/ phytocoenosium phytocoenosium phytocoenosium hydrological/soil hydrological/soil hydrological/soil property/ property/ property/ phytocoenosium phytocoenosium phytocoenosium

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accumulation result

+ ++ + ++ + + + + 30°

60°Angle: 60°60° 60° 30° 30° Angle: 30°30° 120° 120° 120° angle angle dike angle dikedike angle angle dike angle dike dike angle angle dike angle dikedike 30° 30° 60° 60° 60° 30° 30° 30° 90° 90° 90° dike angle angle dike dike angle angle dike 60° 60° 60°angle dike 30° 30° 30°angle dike dike angle angle dike 90° 90° 90°angle dike angle dike angle angle dike dike angle dike angle angle dike dike angle dike angle angle dike dike

hydrological/soil property/ phytocoenosium hydrological/soil property/ phytocoenosium

accumulation result

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hydrological/soil property/ hydrological/soil hydrological/soil hydrological/soil property/ property/ property/ simulation process phytocoenosium phytocoenosium phytocoenosium phytocoenosium SUBMERGED

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4.Other 4.Other variable: 4.Other variable: Wetland＆ variable: Wetland＆ Cavity Wetland＆ Cavity Cavity simulation process

simulation process submerge submerge submerge submerge submerge submerge

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4.Other variable: Wetland＆ Cavity 4.Other variable: Wetland＆ Cavity

submerge submerge submerge accumulation result

in water

xxx

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simulation process

with water surface

SUBMERGED

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xxx

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3.Angle 3.Angle variable 3.Angle variable variable 30° 3.Angle variable 46m Angle of flow direction 120° 120° 60° 120° 120° 30° 90° dike width 30° 30° 30° 30° dike angle dike angle 3.Angle 3.Angle variable 3.Angle variable variable Angle 120º HEIGHT of the levee dike angle 60° Angle: 90° 30° 90° 120° 120° 120° 90° 90° dike 90°angle 3.Angle 3.Angle 3.Angle variable variable variable dike angle dike angle 30° 30° 30°

surface

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++ + ++ + + + + ++

2.Width variable

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simulation process

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simulation process

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18m18m 18m 5m 5m 5m 46m46m 46m 60% 10% 100% dikedike width width dike width dikedike width width dike width dikedike width width dike width xxx xxx xxx 18m 5m intensity 18m18m wave intensity wave intensity 46m xxx xxx xxx wave 18m 5m 5m 5m 46m 46m 46m dike width dike width Width: 40m Width: 20m Width: 5m dikexxxwidthxxx xxx 18m 5m dike dike width width dike dike width width dike 46m 18m 18m 18mwidth dike5m 5m 5mwidth dike dike width width dike 46m 46m 46mwidth dike width dike width dike width width dike width width dike dike width dike width width dike dike width dike width width dike dike

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Angle of flow direction

surface surface surface

above in water above

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surface surface surface

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++ + + ++ + + + + ++ + ++ + ++++ PROTOTYPE -Extract form and site combination + + + +

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+ +

INSPIRATION -Get form from the experiment above above above above above above DESIGN PROCESS above above above above above above PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT SEDIMENT EXPERIMENT | Research of angle & height of the levee. INSPIRATION -GetHEIGHT form from ACCUMULATION the experiment HEIGHT Angle 30º Angle 60º INSPIRATION AND PROTOTYPE

variable 2.Width variable +2.Width + variable 1.Wave variable + + + + 2.Width PROTOTYPE -Extract form and site combination

above above above

influence variable: LEVEE ANGLE

DESIGN PROCESS above above above DESIGN PROCESS INSPIRATION -Get form from the experiment

ECOLOGICAL MARSH CAVITY UNIT

SHORELINE PLANNING AND VEGETATION PLANNING

WETLAND Wetland Pond PONDS

Spirogyra 'Blanket Weed'

Stichococcus bacilaris

Bacillariophyceae Diatom Algae

Ruppia maritima 'Widgeon Grass'

Commonly found in freshwater habitats

A common green algae insalt ponds

Found in the oceans, water ways and soils

Submerged aquatic vegetation in bay area

BEACH Beach & Dune& DUNE

Abronia latifolia Fragaria chiloensis (Nyctaginaceae) (Rosaceae) 'Yellow Sand-Verbena' 'Sand Strawberry'

Atriplex leucophylla (Amaranthaceae) 'Beach Saltbush'

Ambrosia chamissonis (Asteraceae) 'Beach Burr'

COASTAL SCRUB Coastal Scrub

COASTAL CoastalGRASSLAND Grassland

Agrostis pallens (Poaceae)'Diego Bent Grass'

Leymus triticoides (Poaceae) 'Creeping Wild Rye'

lris douglasiana (lridaceae) 'Douglas lris'

Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. holciformis(Poaceae) 'Pacific Hairgrass'

Mimulus aurantiacus Frangula californica (Phrymaceae) (Rhamnaceae) 'Sticky Monkey Flower' 'Californica Coffeeberry'

Baccharis pilularis var consanguinea (Asteraceae) 'Coyote Bush'

COASTAL MARSH CoastalSALT Salt Marsh

Distichlis spicata (Poaceae) 'Salt Grass'

Spartina foliosa(Poaceae) Cordgrass

Excretes salt to adapt tosaline habitats

Salicornia pacifica Chenopodiaceae 'Glasswort/Pickleweed' Turns red in autumn

Distichlis spicata (Poaceae) 'Salt Grass'

MUD FLAT Mud Flat

Diatom Micro Algae

Excretes salt to adapt tosaline habitats

Subtidal SUBTIDAL

Zostera marina 'Eelgrass'

Stuckenia pectinata 'Sago Pondweed'

Phyllospadix torreyi Ruppia maritima 'surfgrass' 'Widgeongrass'

Colonizes large area with little other vegetation

Fresh and brackish water

Rocky shoreline.

Protected brackish areas

PHASING DEVELOPMENT OF THE SITE | Levee Construction - Sediment Accumulation - Housing Development MARKET RATE HOUSING AFFORDABLE HOUSING CITY GRIDS EXTENDED

ORIGINAL SHORELINE

BOARDWALK

OUTLET OF TIDAL POND CONSTRUCTED LEVEE

SEDIMENTARY WETLAND

PHASE 1

PHASE 2

PHASE 3

Newly constructed levee to protect the shoreline.

A sedimentary wetland and tidal pond was formed and protected the upland area.

Housing units were constructed on the upland area, and the newly formed wetland took the place of the original shoreline.

PICKLEWEED

COSTAL GRASSLAND

COSTAL SCRUB

WOODEN CATWALK

COSTAL GRASSLAND

TIDAL POND

OUTLET FOR TIDAL POND

TIDAL FOREST

AFFORDABLE HOUSING

MARKET RATE HOUSING

HTL(~7.5') MHW(~5.0') MSL(~3,0') MLLW(~0.0')

UPLAND

PHASE 3

WETLAND PONDS

PHASE 2

HIGH MARSH

LOW MARSH

PHASE 1

MUD FLAT

SUBTIDAL

BAY SHORE REVERSE | Affordable Housing Plan through Sustainable Bay Development

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES | Policy and Theoretical Strategies FLOODING ISSUES

SEWAGE DISCHARGE

LEVEE + EXCESS SEDIMENT

SEDIMENTARY LANDFORM

Oce

gen Oxy

PROTECTED LANDFORM & ECOLOGICAL TIDAL POND

ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY AFFORADBLE HOUSING 70%

HOUSING ISSUES nit

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ing

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ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY

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ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY

plant purification

Recycle Shells

GOAL 1

GOAL 3 t

rke

ACCESSIBILITY

LOW ACCESSIBILITY

EXTENDED UNDER HIGHWAY

INCREASED ACCESSIBILITY

MARKET OPPORUNITY

FUTURE INVEST/DEVELOPMENT

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES | Spatial Strategies

TOPOGRAOHY

Extend grids from the city to the landform

Adaptation of the grids to suit the site

Sediment accumulation of landform

Forming a new water channel between the city and the landform

Ecological subtital zone was formed by the end of the development

Construct secondary pedestrian paths

A scenic wooden boardwalk will be constructed in the wetland area

An intentionally cultivated landscape on upland was established to enhance the community

Native tree species were planted to safeguard the shoreline.

Construction of Affordable Housing Unit Two

Construction of Market Rate Housing Unite

HYDROLOGY

The flow of water and waves created ecological cavities of the landform

ROAD SYSTEM

Integrate the dam into a main pedestrian path

LEGEND:

VEGETATION

A. Costal Marsh B. Levee C. Tidal Ponds D. Winding Bridges E. Playground F. Affordable Housing G. Market Rate Housing H. Waterfront Plaza I. The Steps Square J. The Dike Park K. Observation Platform

saltbush saltgrass cordgrass

The wetland (including subtidal, coastal beach, and marsh) forms the initial plant community

HOUSING

500m

HTL(~7.5') MHW(~5.0') MSL(~3,0') MLLW(~0.0')

HTL(~7.5’) MHW(~5’) MSL(~3’)

Construction of Affordable Housing Unit One

MLLW(~0’)

SITE MODEL

580mm*400mm, plywood, paperboard

PROTOTYPE MODELS

4*260mm*140mm, PLA, H2O

Levee Width: 10m Tidal Pond Width: 62m

Levee Width: 18m Tidal Pond Width: 30m

Levee Width: 18m Tidal Pond Width: 20m

Levee Width: 60m Tidal Pond Width: 0m

Render: Lumion

05 Urban Linkage

Chongqing Elevated Bridge Development - Link for Separation

Type: Group Competition, Spring 2020 | Urban & Landscape Site: Chong Qing City, CHN Instructor: Zhongde Wang

As cities develop, the transportation options available to people become more diverse. However, urban transportation planning is often inadequate, leading to fragmented spaces in cities where different modes of transportation have difficulty connecting with each other. This is the case in Chongqing, an over-urbanized city where various modes of transportation are available but switching between them is inconvenient. In this case, the railway station, bus station, and subway station are clearly separated, making it difficult for people to switch between them. The design seeks to remedy the issue of disconnected transportation stations, a problem stemming from the city's haphazardly designed roads. The solution involves the creation of a system that allows individuals to effortlessly transition between various forms of transportation.

Collabration with Dingrui Wang, Zeyu Liu

Personal Contribution: Urban Strategies and Design(50%), Modeling(70%), Drawing (30%)

ISSUE | Existing Separation of Different Transporation Sites Lin

SOLUTION | Linking the Transportation Sites with Mild Slope Line 1

Critical Point Pedestrian Passing Point

Railway Station

+87m

Current Streamline Improved Streamline

Subway Line 2

Mall/Taxi

Image Credit: Zeyu Liu (teammate) Caiyuanba Railway Station

Caiyuanba Bus Station

Caiyuanba Railway Station

Caiyuanba Overpass Bridge

+10m

Lack of Directional Guidance Linking Construction

Upon exiting the site, visitors may b e come di s or iente d due to t he complex road layout and obstructions that block their view.

Bus Station

Souterrain

-12m

Mall/Taxi Stop

Frequent Overcrowding The original design of the site does not adequately meet the daily needs of visitors, and the venue tends to become overcrowded during vacation periods.

Walking Experience & Emotion

Get off the train

Up to Platform

After

Up to Bus Station

SPATIAL STRATEGIES | Relink the Site

Roam to bridge

Roam to Mountain

Down to the Souterrain

Up to Mountain

Construct a Vertical Loop

Converge the Streamline

Low Efficiency of Circulation

Determine the direction of the line based on the shortest route.

Create Connection Points

Design bridges connecting stations and underground passages to form a closed loop. Platform

Railway Station

Bus Station

Mall/Taxi Stop

Undercroft

Footbridge

The complex road layout makes it difficult for people to switch between modes of transportation and access different areas of the site.

Up to Subway

Vertically oriented passages are designed for variety. Subway Line 2

Souterrain Hillside Road

Can we go there directly and smoothly?

Section: Walking Routines for Up and Down The poorly designed layout of the site makes it difficult for visitors to efficiently and smoothly switch between transportation modes, as they must navigate uphill and downhill terrain during their routine.

MASTERPLAN | A Linkage System for Seprated Publics

Spiral Staircase

Mild Slope

Subway Line 2 Plantation Layer

Concrete Bridge

Waitan Mall

CAIYUANBA RAILWAY STATION

Image Credit: Dingrui Wang (teammate)

CAIYUANBA BUS STATION

AXON EXPLODED | Tridimentional Linkage System The bridge design consists of three components: the shape of the bridge, the landscaping and paving on the bridge, and the vertical connection. The space under the bridge includes designs such as a theater. By creating a three-dimensional connection, we aim to reconnect the area that was isolated by the road and create a seamless walking path, addressing urban issues and improving people's lives.

N 0

125m Image Credit: Dingrui Wang (teammate)

BUILT SECTION | Organic Bond Linking Separated Sites By reconstructing the negative routes from the railway station to the subway station, we can connect the horizontal and vertical directions of the city with an organically stretched urban bond. This will improve pedestrian traffic and create a smooth vertical loop, as the route spans nearly 100m vertically and is intersected horizontally by an overpass.

MODEL | Aerial View

MODEL | Section

The bond extends through the urban landscape and navigates complex roadways, linking various sites with a smooth and unrestricted shape.

The dissected model effectively illustrates the spatial relationship between the bond and the complex base as it winds down from the mountain to the railway station platform.

Physical Model Contribution: Shukwan Tung 40% Dingrui Wang 30% Zeyu Liu 30%

Exhibiated in Guggenheim Bilbao 'Motion. Autos, Art, Architecture' curated by Norman Foster

Render: Cinema4D Redshift, Modeling: Architecture: Rhino+Grasshpper; Urban+Landscape: Maya

06 Super Hydro City

Shenzhen Bay Super Headquarter Future Hub Conceptualized Development Plan

Type: Academic Work | Urban & Architecture 2021 Fall Studio, Tsinghua University Studio Grade A+ Instructors: Peter Russell, Yan Gao, Louise Holloway Collaboration with Chester Goh, Yuhan Hong

In this studio, we were challenged to devise a revolutionary architectural system that transcends traditional thinking in order to address the development needs of the future Shenzhen Bay Super HQ that addresses the challenges posed by rising sea levels. Our solution integrates landscape and architecture as infrastructure, using seawater as a stored energy source and regulating the building's energy system through its gravitational potential energy. Additionally, the seawater will serve as a substance with a high specific heat capacity, helping to ameliorate the environment, particularly in the context of a warming climate. We have also included a dammed water system to provide sedimented seawater for building water storage and regulate flood control for the surrounding landscape.

Personal Contribution: Urban Strategies, Design and Modeling of the Urban & Landscape, Mapping Analysis, Render

URGENT ISSUES & NEW PILOT SOLUTION Current Problems & Traditional Solutions

SHENZHEN

Natural Factors

Human-caused Factors

1 Lowlying

Fast urbanization

2 Heavy rainfall during wet seasons

Flood risk

‘Buildings as Infrustructures’

Ken & Chester & Yuhan’s list of modern cities’ major problems:

Infrastructure - (levee, dam, etc.)

Sea Level Rise (SLR) Large volumn of urban runoff

Traditional Solutions

‘Buildings as Infrustructures’

Infrastructure - (levee, dam, etc.) Large volumn of urban runoff

)

Traditional Solutions

if the problm is solved/partly solved by Architecture (solved

/partly solved

/unsolved

1 Energy Relience

Landscape- (retension ponds, LIDs)

What can we do?

2 Overcrowding

If building is an infrustructure, what functions it can have?

1 Buildings which can control/

)

3 Water (urban runoff )

Landscape- (retension ponds, LIDs)

Ken & Chester & Yuhan’s list of modern cities’ major problems:

if the problm is solved/partly solved by Architecture (solved

/partly solved

/unsolved

1 Energy Relience

If building is an infrustructure, what functions it can have?

2 Overcrowding 3 Water (urban runoff ) 4 Commute/ Transportation

What What cancan wewe do?do?

2 High 2 High density density with with quality quality spaces spaces

2 High density with quality spaces

1 energy storage w/ water (Hydropower) we use water as a major problem-solving media

2 quality public spaces/ view of waterscape

3 Buildings for mitigate flooding

3 flooding control/ water storage by buildings

4 New TODs

4 new-hydro combined transporation

1 energy 1 energy storage storage w/w/ water water (Hydropower) (Hydropower) as as a a wewe useuse water water major major problem-solving problem-solving media media

2 quality 2 quality public public spaces/ spaces/ view view of of waterscape waterscape

3 Buildings mitigate flooding 3 Buildings forfor mitigate flooding

3 flooding 3 flooding control/ control/ water water storage storage byby buildings buildings

4 New TODs 4 New TODs

4 new-hydro 4 new-hydro combined combined transporation transporation

TOD Hubs Connected by Greens

What can we do?

‘Super-Hydro ‘Super-HydroArchitecture’ Architecture’

1 Buildings 1 Buildings which which cancan control/ control/ storage storage energy energy

)

‘Super-Hydro Architecture’

1 Buildings which can control/ storage energy

)

Initial Planning Sketch

Mixed-use Superdike System

Activated Waterfront

Image Credit: Chester Goh (teammate)

Collaboration Sketch: Shukwan Tung & Chester Goh

2 High density with qua 3 Buildings for mitigate 4 New TODs

4 Commute/ Transportation

Ken & Chester & Yuhan’s New Pilot solution

chitecture Architecture

ved solved

Flood risk

Harden surface

ions

Ken & Chester & Yuhan’s New Pilot solution

Urban Planning Structure of the Design Proposal

CONCEPT STRATEGIES | Hydro-Energy Storage System

CONCEPT STRATEGIES | Exo-Skeleton System and Gondola System Functions of Exo-Skeleton System 1 Structural Assistance

Ideal Power Supply Curves Daily Power Load of Shenzhen Surplus Energy to be Stored Overloaded Energy to be Offered

The high-density water in the waterbody applies high pressure to the buildings. The exoskeleton, aside from the cores, helps to stabilize the structure of the architecture.

2 Water Transportation

Functions of Gondola System 3 Magnetic Tracks for Gondolas

The exoskeleton serves as the foundation for the The electromagnetic system on the surface of the entire water transportation system, allowing for exoskeletons could enable the gondolas to move the pumping, storage, and discharge of seawater. freely through the architecture.

1 Sea-to-Building System

2 Building-to-Building System

The outstretched exoskeleton provides an auxiliary landing point for gondolas to easily transfer from Shenzhen Bay to Superwet Hub.

The connection between t wo tower s not only collec t s rainwater, but also functionsas the passageway for gondolas

3 Building Internal System The installation of magnetic force on the surface of the exoskeleton allows the gondolas to move horizontally and ver tically in a free and unrestricted manner.

4 Building-to-Waterbody System After being transpor ted from the exoskeleton to the multi-functional waterbody, the gondolas have a designated area where they can be stationed.

Image Credit: Yuhan Hong (teammate)

CONCEPT STRATEGIES | Architectural Water-process System

Image Credit: Yuhan Hong (teammate)

Biology System

Thermal Mass

The overhang platforms could be utilized as a biology system that receives sufficient sunlight. Additionally, the water in the waterbody could be desalinated and used for irrigation.

The waterbody can act as a thermal mass to absorb thermal energy from the surrounding architectural space, potentially reducing the cost of air conditioning.

Rainwater Collection Greywater Harvesting After preliminary filtration, greywater from the waterbody can be used for toilets, landscaping, and other purposes.

Rainwater could be collected through connections between the towers and splited into both sides of water tanks set in the towers.

Drainage System In the event of an emergency, the superdike can absorb excess floodwater and pump it into the waterbody.

Typical Section of the Super Hydro City Image Credit: Yuhan Hong (teammate)

Physical Model Contribution: Chester Goh 60% Shukwan Tung 30% Yuhan Hong 10%

‘Metaverse Houses Design Challenge’ Finalist | 2022 Beijing Urban and Architectural Biennale

07 Dymaxion Ark Type: Academic Work | Computational & Architecture 2022 Spring Studio, Tsinghua University Studio Grade A+ Instructors: Weiguo Xu, Likai Wei Collaboration with Meizhu Chen

Render: Cinema4D Redshift, Modeling: Rhino+Grasshpper+Gh C#; Cinema 4D

Mars Future Human Habitat Development In this studio, we are charged with the task of conceptualizing a habitat for human habitation on Mars, tailored to the needs of a select group of individuals fictionally.Our team, comprising four members, is spearheaded by Buckminster Fuller, an Mars explorer, interstella explorer, and high-dimensional explorer. Our design Dymaxion Ark uses the shape of Calabi-yau manifold which is a three-dimensional space that symbolizes a higher dimension. This enables us to generate intricate structures within a confined space, fostering a high degree of efficiency and embrace the gravity-less settings in the Martian environment.

Personal Contribution: Design Strategies(30%), Computational Algorithm and Modeling(70%), Render(90%)

COMPUTATIONAL GENERATION STEPS

FICTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

CURATED SPACE RELATION

INTERSTELLA EXPLORER Research assistance Co-training

Coach Coach

Coach

HIGH-DIMENTIONAL EXPLORER Production assistance MARS EXPLORER

Gravity Training

Interstellar Voyage Training

Image Credit: Meizhu Chen (teammate)

SCRIPTS FOR THE MANIFOLD GENERATION

High-dimentional Spiritual Training Image Credit: Meizhu Chen (teammate)

Image Credit: Meizhu Chen (teammate)

COMPUTATIONAL GENERATION STEPS Calabi-Yau Manifold

private void RunScript(double x_min, double x_max, int x_num, double y_ min, double y_max, int y_num, int n, double a, ref object A) { List<Point3d> points = new List<Point3d>(); //double x_min = 0; //double x_max = 0.5 * Math.PI; //int x_num = 10; //double y_min = -1; //double y_max = 1; //int y_num = 10; double x_step = (x_max - x_min) / (x_num - 1); double y_step = (y_max - y_min) / (y_num - 1); for (int k1 = 0; k1 < n; k1++) { for (int k2 = 0; k2 < n; k2++) { double x = x_min; for (int n_x = 0; n_x < x_num; n_x++) { double y = y_min; for (int n_y = 0; n_y < y_num; n_y++) { points.Add(f(x, y, n, k1, k2, a)); y += y_step; } x += x_step; } } } }

n=2; a=0

n=3; a=0

n=4; a=0

n=3; a=1.9

n=3; a=3.7

n=3; a=7.5

time=1.3

time=1.9

factor=1/0.2

factor=1/1.2

factor=1/1.84

multipipe with different thicknesses

low density of point cloud

high density of point cloud

add stairs and floors

rebuild again

high iso; small cell size

high iso; large cell size

none curve interference

interference: near-big; far-small

Perlin-noise Transforming

time=0

Multipipe-Contour-C4D Point Cloud Rebuild

A = points;

// <Custom additional code> Point3d f(double x, double y, int n, int k1, int k2, double a) { Complex c1 = new Complex(0, 2 * Math.PI * k1 / n); Complex c2 = new Complex(0, 2 * Math.PI * k2 / n); Complex c3 = new Complex(x, y); Complex z1 = c1.Exponential() * c3.Cos().Power(new Complex(2 / (double) (n))); Complex z2 = c2.Exponential() * c3.Sin().Power(new Complex(2 / (double) (n)));

general multipipe

Cocoon-Curve interference

return new Point3d(z1.Real, z2.Real, z1.Imaginary * Math.Cos(a) + z2.Imaginary * Math.Sin(a)); } // </Custom additional code> } low iso; small cell size

interference: near-small; far-big

FABRICATION SYSTEM The building is constructed using locally sourced materials, incorporating structural elements, piping systems, and transportation system into the manifold design. 1st loop water-ice

3D-printed panels

metal pipes connection

Facade System

2nd loop

3rd loop

Step3: Assemblage

Loop System of Calabi-Yau Manifold BEDROOM of

Step2： Martian soil 3D-printing Step1: Water-ice cutting

Buckminster Fuller

3D-printed Metal Skeleton

Water-ice as 'Mars Glass'

BEDROOM of high-dimensional exolorer

3D-printed martian topsoil panels

BEDROOM of interstellar exolorer High-dimensional training room

Vertically Functional Distribution

DESIGN EVOLUTION

1st loop

Lab Cultivation Area

Air absorption

Kitchen Dining Room Dining Room BEDROOM of Mars explorer

2 2nd loop

Water-ice mining Water recycling

Multiflitration beds Water production tank

MOXIE

3rd loop For each loop, a facade is distributed in a manner that is proportionally closer to larger voids as it is to smaller ones.

interstellar explorer

Final Iteration mars explorer

For each explorer, there is a loop that organizes the flow of their activities.

7 Bedroom Specialized training area Public area Cooperation area

high-dimentional explorer

Image Credit: Meizhu Chen (teammate)

2012

16 20

Indonesia 2008

1990 20 04

92 19

Riau, Indonesia

199

200

1996

Natural Reserve Elephant Habitats Oil Palm Distribution

Main Contestation Human activities are endangering elephant habitat in Riau, Indonesia.

ORIGINAL STATE 1 85% of the pristine tropical rainforest is a paradise for wildlife

HUMAN INTERACTION

!"#$%&$'()*)(+

EXPANSION OF PLANTING AREA This migration process stimulated the expansion of to and riau's oil palm industry

THE FIRST OIL PALM PLANTATION

Job creation Huge economic benefits

HUMAN SETTLEMENTS HAVE BEEN EXPANDED （LARGE AND SCATTERED）

7 Destroying rainforests to build infrastructure

A large amount of infrastructure has been put into construction :

Large numbers of immigrants moved in

LOACL FARMERS BEGAN TO GROW OIL PALM

CONSTRUCTION OF 6 OIL PALM PROCESSING FACTORY

farmland, roads, factories, independent mills..

8 Large areas of rainforest have been cut down to make way for oil palms

The scope of residential areas and farmland expanded

GLOBAL DEMAND FOR OIL PALM IS INCREASING THE WORLD'S LARGEST EXPORTER OF PALM OIL

Research Objective 1848 The rainforest is the MAIN HABITAT for Sumatran elephants and contains a large number of primitivemigration routes 1

,-,.!$%(&$'()*)(+

08 Sumatra Symbiosis Type: GIS (Geography Information System) Academic Research, 2021 Fall Site: Riau, Indonesia

1911 ELEPHANT REACTION

The aim of this research is to use the methodology of geographic modeling to plan a possible corridor for elephant migration in order to avoid conflicts with humans.

1925

1936

1990

1997

2007

2021

Ivory poaching is frequent Habitat loss

Habitat fragmentation, Habitat loss The migration corridor is broken

Less food, Dwindling water resources

Elephants enter human living areas to obtain food and water, causing damage to infrastructure and casualties

Unsustainable development patterns are driving wild elephants to extinction 4

The fertility of the soil decreased 5

The climate becomes drier Frequent fire Exacerbating forest loss

Sumatra Elephant Migration Corridor Planning and Evaluation Human activities have had a significant impact on the environment and the animals that live in it. Sumatra elephants are a particularly vulnerable group, as the expansion of urbanization, agriculture, and commercial development has led to the degradation of ecosystems and the endangerment of many plant and animal species. This has resulted in a competition for space and resources between humans and elephants, causing both sides to suffer. The natural landscape has been divided into isolated habitats, such as nature reserves, which are insufficient for the conservation of biodiversity, especially for species with large activity demands like elephants. As a result, many elephant populations have been forced to break up into smaller groups, leading to their disappearance. The aim of this project is to explore the design and implementation of wildlife migration corridors as a means to address these issues and promote the conservation of biodiversity.

ECOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY BASE SCORE | Assessing the Ecological Suitability of Elephant Habitats Under Natural and Human-Caused Factors. Variable 1, Weight 60%

Variable 2, Weight 20% The suitability of is based on the research (Luke J Evans et al. , 2018) of the elevation and slope of the area.

OUTPUT 1： SURFACE ELEMENTS HABITAT SUITABILITY MODEL

Euclidean Distance Distance to the Road

Variable 3, Weight 20%

Elevation

Slope

Overall Weight distribution 60%

OUTPUT 2： GEOGRAPHICAL FACTOR HABITAT SUITABILITY MODEL

Topography Position Index(TPI)

OUTPUT 3： TOPOGRAPHIC POSITION INDEX HABITAT SUITABILITY MODEL

Overall Weight distribution 20%

High Low Distance

20.0%

Corresponding Suitability of Elevation and Slope

Distance to the River

According to the TPI, topography was categorized into four types 30% suitable 50% suitable 65% suitable

High

Oil Palm Concession

90% suitable

DEM

Low Distance

20.0%

1174m 1174m

High Low Distance

16.6%

-4m Elevation

Logging Concession

High

Wood Fiber Concession

Low Suitability Socre 1

Low Suitability Socre 2

TPI

16.6%

High

Slope

Low Distance

1 Valley High High

3 Steep

Low Slope

Low Distance

16.6%

2 Gentle 4 Ridge

Topography Position Index(TPI) Suitability Transfer Score Sheet 65% suitable 1 Valley 90% suitable Gentle 2 50% suitable Steep 3 30% suitable Ridge 4

SUITABILITY TRANSFER CORRIDOR SLICE MODEL | Calculate the potential elephant migration corridor by estimating the cost distance of the Habitat Suitability Model. Weighted Value

SURFACE ELEMENTS HABITAT SUITABILITY MODEL

60.0%

GEOGRAPHICAL FACTOR HABITAT SUITABILITY MODEL

20.0%

FINAL OUTPUT 1: OVERALL ELEPHANT HABITAT SUITABILITY MODEL

FINAL OUTPUT 2: ELEPHANT MIGRATION CORRIDOR SLICES MODEL

WILDLIFE HABITATS

Elephant Migration Corridor

TOPOGRAPHIC POSITION INDEX HABITAT SUITABILITY MODEL

20.0%

Suitability Score 100

Overlay

Protected Areas 0.1%Width

OVERALL HABITAT SUITABILITY MODEL(HSM)

1%Width

2%Width

HIGH SUITABILITY The distribution of high suitability in the study area was primarily found within the reserve, followed by secondary and primary forests, forest farms, open areas with some vegetation, oil palm or rubber plantations, and previously burnt areas.

LOW SUITABILITY Areas of low suitability (dark red) were primarily influenced by the presence of local roads and other land use patterns, such as residential areas, intensive agriculture, and urban development.

Methodology: Calculate cost distance of the migration

To model the corridor, the cost distance of each pixel was calculated and the appropriate cost distance map slice was selected. A section of the corridor model with a width ranging from 0.1% to 10% was established, with a width of 0.1% being used as the actual corridor and widths of 1% and 2% being used as the first and second level buffers, respectively.

Other Works Pen Drawing

Photography

Thesis

Internship

Research/word based-thesis

URBANUS Architecture & Design Inc.

Urbanism Studies on Appropriation of Space: Skateboarding as a Research Medium

Contribute to the research of vertical parking scheme, modeling, rendering and community coordination.

B C

Street Revitalization Plan 3. Tower Vertical Parking 4. Veranda Street

Boundary Reshaping Plan 6. Within Community 7. Outside Community

Neighborhood Bridging Plan

5. Landscape Insert

10. Connecting Runway

Public Governance Plan

Boundary Reshaping Plan

9. Community Garden

6. Within Community 7. Outside Community

Central Activation Plan 1. Central Plaza 2. Community vitality platform (integrated vertical parking and community activity center)

Entrance Improvement Plan 8. Vertcal Parking (integrated with entrance)

Project: 'Qianhai Garden' neighborhood renovation

2018 Summer, Japan

2020 Spring, NYC

2022 Fall - 2023 Summer

2022 Fall, Shenzhen