I often think about the possible development direction of architecture in the future, which is a more efficient and feasible space design method. I think everyone can't deny that the way of building design based on components will be more and more important in the future. Even the parametric design, after returning to rationality, can also be said to be an excellent tool for component architecture. Therefore, I am constantly trying to use components to assist the design of forms to find the most economical construction measures, and on the basis of construction, I try to make personalized customization, hoping to deepen my understanding of architecture in the process of research.
CONTENTS 01.
THE DANCE OF SOLIDIFICATION
02.
VISIBLE AND INVISIBLE WALLS
03.
04.
Confucius Culture Memorial Museum
Modular and mobile slum urban complex design
THE AGGREGATION RUBIK'S CUBE Qingdao coastal area residential exploration
SKIN OF THE SKIN Research on the materials of simulated tensile membrane The study of the interaction between human and space
05.
AFTERGROWTH Explore the possibility of life regeneration of plastic bags
1 THE DANCE OF SOLIDIFICATION —Confucius Culture Memorial Museum
A dance specially used in ancient times in sacrifice to Confucius
Burn joss sticks to sacrifice to Confucius
Worship
The different ideas in the five sets of actions
To build temple of Confucius to sacrifice
There were various ways of offering sacrifices to Confucius in ancient times
Etiquette
Impart
Comity
Sacrifice at the tomb of Confucius
Dance of prayer
Righteousness Benevolence
Confucius
The whole sacrificial dance is divided into 5 groups , each group has a special meaning
Dance in person, using the movement of dance to generate the space
The Confucian culture has had a profound influence on China and the words and behaviors of every Chinese. It is one of the greatest historical figures in China. Throughout the dynasties, people went to worship Confucius to commemorate the impact he had on the country and society. As the 75th grandson of Confucius, I am also deeply influenced by my ancestors. Therefore, I want to explore the influence of Confucius on people and the course of people's sacrifice to Confucius.
The body is loyal to the mind and is the best medium for the mind. Since ancient times, there have been many ways to sacrifices to Confucius, and sacrificial dance is one of them. From ancient times to modern times, sacrificial dance partners developed along with the development of Chinese Confucian culture. In this project, I experienced the cultural power contained in the body movements of the sacrificial dancers, and based on the dance movements, this art gallery was created.
The development of Confucius thought Thoughts in different times
Thoughts in different background
Chunqiu Dynasty
The age-old system of imperial rule
Confucius was one of the most brilliant scholars in society at that time, and his thoughts had a profound influence on China and the world
The origin of Chinese cultural thought
Confucius established the Confucian culture with core of "Etiquette" and "Benevolence"
Uphold the absolute authority of the crown
Han Dynasty In the Axial period
Dong Zhongshu During the reign of Emperor Jingdi of the Han Dynasty, Confucian culture gradually appeared on the historical stage due to its suppression and exclusive respect for Confucianism.
The absolute standard of right and wrong, good and evil
Combining Confucianism with social needs, Confucianism has become the core of Chinese cultural thought.
karl jaspers
Confucius became a cultural symbol
A period of great changes in modern times
Song Dynasty Cheng hao In the Northern Song Dynasty, "Cheng And Zhu NeoConfucianism" flourished, which further strengthened the control of Confucianism over people's thoughts.
Modern Society
Gradually being demonized and criticized Hongxiuquan The leader of the uprising in the late Qing dynasty regarded Confucius as an old culture and an evil force
Absorbing the advantages of Buddhism, he established a new theory, which became the legal basis of the Confucian theocracy .
Era of globalization
Select the essence
The Confucian culture and its influence are viewed dialectically from both positive and negative perspectives KongHaodongďźˆme 75 generations of Confucius' grandchildren
Discard the gross
It has formed the ideological structure with core of "Etiquette" and "Benevolence". Which has become the guiding principle of Chinese people's behavior
Abandoning the Confucian idea of dividing people by class, the democratic society is equal to everyone
Confucianism has had a profound influence on China since ancient times, and it has become one of the core symbols of Chinese culture
The evolution of the sacrificial dance 581 In Sui Dynasty, the dance of offering sacrifices to Confucius was divided into two parts: martial dance and dance about civilization
Reverence 618 In the Tang Dynasty, the procedures for offering sacrifices to Confucius were raised. At the same time, the standard of music has improved accordingly
Majesty
Worship
Ritual music
Gracefulness Changes in the dance
In the Song Dynasty, the rulers opposed to the martial dance, So for the most part, they just do the dance that's related to the civilization, which is the biggest characteristic of the Song Dynasty
Correlated activation
960
1271 Learning sacrifice
The Yuan Dynasty was the dynasty that used the largest movement and the most changes in tone in the history of sacrifice to the Confucius
Stable
pectru ance s
Peace
Chang
es of d
In the Ming Dynasty, sacrificial rites and music were degraded, and the rules the dance fell accordingly
m
1368
1644 In the Qing Dynasty, with the further strengthening of the feudal social class system, the ritual music and dance were divided into classes
Gentle During the long development, sacrificial dance has gradually become one of the core ways to worship Confucius , and is more and more appropriate to the core of Confucian culture
The process of the scheme
Sacrificial dances are divided into five sets of movements, each of which represents a part of Confucian culture. 1: “Filial piety”: It expresses that it is necessary to talk about seniority in a family. 2: “Public”, it expresses its thoughts on education, which provides a fair educational environment. 3: "Etiquette", it expresses his thoughts in the way of life, can be comity to positive comity and do things to pay attention to etiquette. 4:" Benevolence", in his thoughts of governing the country, rulers should put people first without harsh punishment. 5: "Righteousness", this shows that the Confucian culture has a high moral requirement for people and has a firm moral quality.
1. "Filial piety" : Many actions in this group show the word "Etiquette" ,which is a kind of way for the younger generation to show respect to their ancestors.
2. "Public" : This group of actions reflects the Confucian idea of "the world is for the public", not only relatives, not only children.
3. "Etiquette" : This group of actions reflects the "etiquette", which means that people should be modest and polite.
4. "Benevolence" : These actions reflects the ritual actions of emperors, indicating that emperors should practise benevolent government.
5. "Righteousness" : This group of actions expresses the meaning of renunciation. If you insist on the moral principles in your heart, you will definitely need to give up something.
Plan 1
3
A
F
A
F
C G
G
H
H
C
5
E
7
6
E
4 D
D
B
B
8 7
3
I
1 Entrance I
2 Exit 3 Property 4 Seat 5 Walkway 6 Bathrooms
2
7 Storage area 8 Rest area
Section
A-A
B-B
C-C
D-D
E-E
F-F
G-G
H-H
I-I
Analysis of the epidermis
Streamline analysis
There are circular holes of different sizes on the facade, which has a special meaning in Confucianism. It means to be humble and know how to turn around and leave room. These circles also provide light to the necessary location of the building.
Visiting streamline Space between buildings The shape of entrance and exit
2
2 VISIBLE AND INVISIBLE WALLS —Modular and mobile slum urban complex design —Community construction in the slums of Brazil
Class solidification, people avoid but have to admit, it is inevitable in social development. Generally, people always think poverty is due to laziness, but in fact, poverty is a kind of misfortune. Forced to live, the poor have to choose to go to work earlier rather than receive longer education; to consume production than to accumulate capital; to search for places with low land prices, were gathering the poor and further limits their developm ople in different classes. Sao Bernardo Du Camp, a place in southeastern Brazil, South America, where the gap between rich and poor is among the widest in the world. A narrow street, between the mansion and the slum, completely separate the fate of the two sides. This program aims to break down the invisible "wall" between the classes with a visible building "wall". So that people of different strata can complement each other, and the residents of slums can gain the right to change their fate and achieve a better life under limited conditions.
Poor people in the area often choose the better part of the city to build slums, subject to the history of the region and political legacy factors, the government still needs to build water and electricity and other infrastructure for the use of the poor in the land occupied by the poor, which not only hinder the effective use of state-owned land, makes the poor migration harder, wastes a lot of public resources, and makes the poor is limited by the existing basic conditions and lose the motivation to improve themselves. The project will be built using welfare funds provided by the government and will be built as a semi-prefabricated mobile assembly building. The building can not only meet the basic needs of slum residents but also provide a way for them to rise through education and social services, thus changing their current living conditions. Therefore, the slum itself can better move with the development of the city and the geographical needs of the people in different periods. Design conception
PROJECT: A Class Transition Skysraper competition 2020 SITE: Vila Lusitania, SĂŁo Bernardo do C Teamwork: model making, concept de production Kong Haodong: background research rendering Zhai Xuetong: stucture making, little d Zhang Yiping: site reasearch, renderin
r, evolo skcraper
Campo, Brazil esign, diagram
h, paper model making,
diagram production ng
How is the life in slum?
The origin of the favela in Brazil
1530, Portugal colonized Brazil and implemented the latifundia.
The peasants were exploited.
1890, the peasa launched an arm struggle .
The ruler abolished the slavery.
The boys are playing football on the football field located on the rich people's house, and outside the barbed wire and high walls is a new community that is called"PovoSemMedo".
The development of slums Industrialization accelerates. In 1930, the government launched the "import substitution strategy".
The rural came to b
The rural labor forces are transformed into urban labor forces.
The status and problems in slums
People who want to have the welfare
A mother sits on a sofa and feeds her children lunch. Some of these stilt houses are just a few pieces of plastic cloth erected on the open space, while others are made of wood and look more secure.
People seeking opportunities in cites
Build houses on state-owned land.
Unemployed farmers in the process of urbanization
Education is not taken seriously: Brazilian students go to school for an average of four hours a day. Of the 50 million young people aged 15 to 29 in Brazil: 9.5 million are not in school or work
4.5 million failed to fi junior high school
RenataSwiecik sits in a hammock to read a book because the outdoor light is better.
Summer boys play at the doorstep of their homes. In this shantytown, 17% of children aged 15-17 do not study and they need to make money to support their families.
In 1530, Portugal colonized Brazil and brought latifundia.
In 1930, the implement substitution Brazil's indu
ants med
The government forces won the war.
Soldiers returned to Rio to get wages and build temporary settlements on the uninhabited mountains.
40% of the population in Rio were slaves.
The slaves fled to big cities.
residents big city.
The government was in arrears.
The shabby bungalows became permanent residences.
Slaves built shacks on the ownerless land.
Fail to find a job or a well-paid one to afford a house. Lack of knowledge and technology experience.
Forming the prototype of slums in Brazil.
Many slums appear around the work place.
Couldn't afford the high commuting cost if live in suburbs.
The living condition in favela was improved.
Since then, each government implement certain policies for slums to change the situation.
Brazil's pensions Goverment spending as % of GDP
After living for a certain period, residents in slums can require water and electricity.
Population aggregation
15 10
The rise in government’s welfare expenditure.
5 1991
2000
2010 2017
0
The rising taxes of other classes.
People live in slums are reluctant to move out. Can be folded and move on the city roads.
o
n finish h
e military government ted the "import n strategy", boosting ustrialization.
The life outside slums get stressful.
Build a complex
The demolition cost is extremely high: In 2016 the Brazil government spent 120 million Brazilian real (20 million US dollars) to remove 600 dwellers in slums.
In 1967, the annual economic growth reached 14%, known as "Brazil miracle".
Offers programs of education and skill training.
Education
Talent
Connected to the municipal water and electricity network.
Ecnomic development
In 1990, President Cardoso carried out the "Plano Real" to eliminate inflation, and Brazil entered the stage of deindustrialization.
In 2002, President Lula introduced several slumoriented subsidies.
In 2014, the commodity cycle ended and Brazil's economy declined rapidly.
School
Goverment
Soccer field
Hospital
Golf course
Location
World
Manual model
South America
Sao Paulo
Altitude
Temperature and Rainfall 28℃ 22℃ 20℃ 13℃ 224mm
41mm
WInd rose diagrame
The paper model which is used to study the rationality of the building and the folding way of each part could simply presents the final effect.
Architecture evolution in Brazil
15 century
18 century
20 century
21 century
Folding method of different parts
Scheme generation
frame
1. Build the framework.
frame
2. Put floors on the frame.
corridor
3. Add corridors.
Dragline
duplicate
4. Duplicate.
stairs
5. Install the stairway.
elevator
6. Install the Elevator.
Section
Bathroom
House
Gym
Square
Kitchen
Classroom
Yard
0.90
1.70
0.10
3.36
0.4
Functional Division
0.90
0.4
3.36
Elevator
3.36 2.72
0.64
Bathroom
0.90
3.36
Classroom
3.36 2.57
0.50
Square
0.7
3.36
Kitchen
Gym & powegeneration
Bonus system
initial
leave
The residents live in the building have to take exam each period of time which could be a criterion to evaluate whether they could get extra part of living space. People have the obligation to farm on the unliving space and the harvest will be provided to the whole building's residents.
Water & electracity network
The whole building is connected to the municipal water and electricity network.
Traffic net
位置：中国山东省青岛市崂山区 占地面积：49000 ㎡ 完成时间：2020.03.22
3 THE AGGREGATION RUBIK'S CUBE —Qingdao coastal area residential exploration
Traditional Community
I often think about people in the community, we are independent individual, a standardized residential area obviously can not adapt to the individual requirements. We all know that people's demand will change greatly over time, therefore a living environment for residents to provide the basic building block, can let users become designers. Under the shaping of the game relationship when people get along with each other, design can be changed with the changing needs of people. This project is a possibility arising from this premise. In Qingdao, personnel structure is complex, the communication between different people relatively closed. However, traditional spatial forms accentuate this closure. Then I designed this movable space, which users can move their houses within the community to obtain satisfactory illumination, platform and neighbors. The harmonious construction of community is carried out from bottom to top, and an uncertain spatial form is explored in the process of change.
Analysis Average temperature and precipitation in Four seasons in Qingdao Average precipitation（mm） Average temperature(℃ )
Spring
Summer
Site
Autumn
Winter
2.0 2.0
36.7
11.1 52.3 16.0
23.6
137.2
The average household population in Qingdao changes The Old
Wife
Wife
Wife
Husband
Husband
4.07
Children
Husband
2000 Qingdao average family population
1982 Qingdao average family population
The proportion of the population over 65 in Qingdao 4%
Proportion by age in Qingdao
Proportion of elderly people over 65 years of total population of Qingdao %
.11
9.85%
2000
19.2% 20-39 year-old
34.4%
2010
25.6%
40-59 year-old
20.8%
2020
more than 60
Average lifespan in Qingdao 74.5
80.5
76.9
Fu shan 2000
2010
2017
Population growth rate in Qingdao 80%
60%
40%
20%
0 2000
2.59
2018 Qingdao average family population
0-19 year-old
6.1
15
3.49
Children
2005
2010
2015
2020
Relationships between people In school
New lifestyle
Modernist Women
ChildBearing
Like playing
Having patience
Need care
Because Qingdao has a good education environment, parents want their children to receive more education.
Less pressure
Modern women can free up more time for part-time jobs due to their simple family
pay teach
pay pay
Some parents want their children to have a happier childhood
Some women with modernist ideas are not married, so they want to build more social relationships
peer
s
SOCIAL care
Some elderly children are not around and need some support
cook
care
No energy
Some young people have their own lifestyle and just want to live with their peers
cook
peers
Some elderly people prefer to be quiet and want to be alone
Because young people are busy at work now, some people are late to work, hoping that someone will prepare meals in advance
Having spare time
Busy time
Old
Young
Child is not around
Having energy
Highly educated
Conceptual analysis
Proportion
Aging
Take-Away
Migrant
Conclusion: In general, people in The Qingdao area can be divided into four categories: the old, the young, the female, and families with children. Different types of people have different life needs. Young people prefer to order take-out food and work longer hours. Older people have more free time and are more lonely. Families with children spend more money on education and child-rearing. Research has found that these needs can complement each other and make communities more connected.
Generation process analysis
Plan
? 1 what It is located in the urban area in the south of Laoshan District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, with the beach in the south. The terrain is relatively flat and the main road is on the north side, with lanes on all sides.
3 road After the fire passage is reserved, the main entrance and the secondary entrance should be determined first according to the traffic situation around, and the entrance of the underground parking lot should be designed.
5 split According to people's traffic flow to create the courtyard, so that the overall plane layout becomes transparent. At the same time, set up the vertical elevator in the necessary position.
2 grid Create a square grid of 6 meters on each side according to the terrain, and at the same time, design adjacent fire exits around the terrain
4 elevate According to different traffic conditions and people's needs, volume lifting and quantity determination are carried out. For example, the south is close to the sea. In order to ensure the residents' viewing line, the south is lower than the north
6 connect Finally, according to the lighting, the height of the building is increased from south to north, so that people can enjoy the sea view better. At the same time, different plots are connected by Bridges, so the traffic between blocks will be more convenient.
0
5
10 15 20m
Individual house type exploration
"Tubular" houses
"Book shape" door model
According to the needs of different types of people, different house was designed. The size of each house is same, the general size is 10.4m x 5.2m x 3.1m, and the space division is divided into two categories: 1 And the subdivision door model considers the habit of different crowd. For example, some have sitting room, some do not ha
Unit combination exploration
Each individual house can be combined in pairs to form a new type of house. The general size is 10.4m x 5.2m x 3.1m. The func one of the two living rooms will be converted into a large bedroom or office space. At the same time, the relationship betw spaces interacts to make the community space more abundant.
1. Two side transparent "tubular" houses. 2. Three sides transparent "book shape" door model. ave.
ction of some rooms in one of the two houses may change after the combination. For example, ween house type and partial vertical traffic is also explored. And the combination of different
Axonometric
Basement parking 3050
4600 4800
2900
2100
15600
1950
1950
4800
1950
3050
4800
4800 7500
Underground parking's location
Section
0
5
10 15 20m
7500
Section analysis of underground parking
2500 15600
Plan analysis of underground parking
Shifting principle
The movement principle of the frame
The movement principle of the house
The movement principle of the platform and the stair 1
The movement principle of the platform and the stair 2
In this scheme, both the building frame ,the stairs and the residents' house itself can be moved, because people's demands will change with time, so it can be said that the building provides a variety of possibilities to meet people's different demands
4
SKIN OF THE SKIN
——Research on the materials of simulated tensile membrane ——The study of the interaction between human and space
"Brick, what do you want to be?" -- Louis Kahn Materials are an integral part of the architecture. Each material has its unique characteristics and the most suitable way to use it, such as the ability to reflect light, resist pressure or pull. Architecture is a discipline closely related to "force", and different materials respond to "force" in different ways. However, "force" is invisible, so it is difficult for us to explore the process of the interaction between force and material itself. But silk stockings are unique because they visually show the effect of force on them. The magnitude and direction of the force it is subjected to can be intuitively seen in its form. I believe that this flexible material can make space and people in it interact more closely under the action of human gravity. This is also my intention in this project to carefully study the characteristics of this material.
Initial release
The hosiery is propped open and rotated randomly to create different deformations, and the holes in the hosiery are observed to change. The size and direction of the force will undoubtedly affect the shape of the silk stockings, which arouses my interest in the research of the material similar to the tensioned membrane structure.
Sample making process First of all, the silk stockings are tied on the square wooden frame, with the help of the wooden frame, the space inside the silk stockings is propped open, to explore the different space effects produced by the single piece and the bucket mesh cloth under the traction of different forces.
Sample1
Sample2
Sample3
Experimental practice: Experimental practice: Simple use of tubular silk stockings, Deliberately control the distance between together with filaments cut into pieces, the strings wrapped in elastic cloth. the space form of silk stockings formed by the position of the string, and the position of the string is relatively random.
Experimental practice: Try to study the relationship between two intersecting spaces, and to control the shape and trend.
Research results: The shape of the elastic cloth can be controlled by the length of the distance drawn through the rope.
Research results: Position, angle, force and so on, affect the movement and shape of space
Research results: The spacing of the string between the elastic cloth affects the shape of the space.
Force analysis - different sizes in the same direction
Pictures
Pull Angle
90°
90°
y
y
y F2
90°
F2
F2‘
F2
F2‘
F2‘
Stress
x
θ
F1
x
θ
F1
F1
F1=10g
x
θ
F1=50g
F1=20g
Force analysis - the same size in different directions
Pictures
Pull Angle
30°
60°
y F2 Stress
F3
θ
F1
90°
y F2
F2‘ F3‘
θ
F1
F2
F2‘ F3‘
F3
x
y
x
F2‘ θ
F1
x
F
F3
Research conclusion: When the bearing force direction of socks is the same but the magnitude that bearing force is different at the same time, the force is bigger, the deformation and the space that produces will also bigger.
90°
F1=100g
90°
y
y F2
F2
F2‘ x
θ
F1
F1=20g
F1=50g
F1=10g
x
θ
F1
F1=100g
F1=200g
F2‘
F1=200g
Research conclusion: When the force size of filar socks is identical but the direction of force is different at the same time, the Angle of the direction is smaller, the deformation that filar socks produce is bigger, then space inside the socks also can be bigger.
30°
60°
y
y
F2
F3‘
F2‘
F3 x
θ
F1
F2
F3‘
F2‘
θ
F1
x
Final Work
Details
Different people's weights react differently in the space of silk stockings, which can make people and the space produce a truly intimate, unique interaction
Working process
Design rule 1. Wrap black silk stockings with black thread, and wrap flesh-colored silk stockings with flesh-colored thread. 2. Try to control the distance between knots, one time of black elastic cloth, and two times of flesh-colored elastic cloth.
Position of the knot
The position of the binding point
The simulation experiment of the weight of the person and the possible effects In the flesh-colored space
In black space
The weight of the same weight is used to simulate the state of people in space, and human gravity will make the flesh-colored stockings produce a relatively large deformation.
5
AFTERGROWTH
—Explore the possibility of life regeneration of plastic bags
Japanese Shinto belief teaches that all objects and organisms have spirits, and I was told in kindergarten that items discarded before their times weep at night inside the trash bin. This became a vivid image in my mind. I only select plastic bags that have been discarded, because as far as we are concerned, plastic bags are easy to get and convenient for our life. They are also discarded at will, bringing great harm to the natural ecology. My goal is for each object to transcend its origin by being integrated into a form that is alive and in motion. To study possible forms of reuse of discarded plastic bags, make them into hemispheres, and then connect the units to make a kind of plant sculpture, to realize their life regeneration process.
The classification and use of plastics in daily life Plastic
Plastic bags
Toy
Special Purpose
Basket
Needle tubing
Headset
Toiletries
Tableware
Medical Equipment
Water bottle
Bottle shutter
Eating utensils
Global Plastic Production（Unit：million Tons）
Storage food
600 Shopping 400
Plastic bag 200 Loading by garbage
1960
1980
2000
2020
There are 31.9 million cubic meters/year of plastic mishandled worldwide, of which 4.8 million to 12.7 million cubic meters/year of plastic waste enters the sea. About two-thirds of the world's plastics are produced in North America,China, and Europe.
The degradation time of articles Paper
Cotton
4 months
6 months
Butt
5 years
Woolly
5 years
Nappy
Tire
Plastic bag
35 years
50 years
200 years
The harms and disadvantages of discarded plastic bags
Waste recovery price rmb/t 500 1680 2000 5000
People's activities
Chemical fiber Scrap iron
1 ton of plastic bags
Waste paper
Plastic bag
Plastic bag
3 m tonnes of oil
Plastic bag
High recovery cost
Landfills affect land use
Burying plastic bags in landfills wastes a lot of land
from
Raw materials waste petroleum resources
Burning gives off poisonous gases
When the temperature reaches 65, toxic gases are produced and are harmful to the liver and kidneys
River
Sea
Waste plastic bags transfer up the food chain Death
Seafowl
Plastic Bags
Marine Mammal
Marine Mammal
Fish Annulate Arthropod Mollusk
People
Cephalopod Plankton Crustacean
Working process
1. Go around and collect waste plastic bags 2. Place the plastic bag over the metal hemisphere and iron it hard 3. Seal multiple plastic bags with a hot air gun to gradually thicken the hemisphere and make the skin more even
Unit to show The experiment started by heating plastic bags with an iron to see how they would deform, but the plastic bags were too sticky to finish the work. So use a hot air gun to solve the problem of plastic melting and sticking to the tool.
Unit generation process