3.8 CASE STUDY : CONCLUSION

3.8.1 Understanding the contradictory parameters of Formal and Informal settlements:

Access to Basic facilities: The availability of basic facilities is one of the main distinctions between formal and informal living. Formal housing units are built with careful design and have access to necessities like power, water, sanitization, and medical care. Contrarily, informal housing lacks access to these conveniences, resulting in unhealthy living conditions and the spread of illness.

Cost of living: EWS have a hard time affording formal housing because of its high cost. Contrarily, informal housing is generally less expensive, which makes it more accessible to EWS. The lack of essential facilities, however, can make living in informal housing more expensive because it forces inhabitants to spend more on things like water, healthcare, and sanitation.

Safety and Security: Official housing units are made to guarantee the occupants' safety and security. They are well-lit, have safe entrances and exits, and are under the supervision of security. Contrarily, informal housing lacks security mechanisms, leaving it open to theft and other criminal activity.

Legal Status: Formal housing has a legal character because it is constructed under government oversight. Residents can take advantage of several government programmes and subsidies and benefit from clear property rights. Residents of informal housing often struggle to obtain government programs and subsidies because their homes lack legal status and they are unclear about their property rights.

Community Living: Because informal housing is often constructed close to one another, it promotes a sense of community. Residents form a social network by helping one another and sharing resources. Formal housing, on the other hand, is frequently more solitary and might result in a lack of neighborhood support.

Sra Housing Characteristics

Improved Living standards

Access to Social Welfare scheme

Reduced risk of Eviction

Improved Building Standards

Property value

Community Cohesion

Improved Sanitation

Access to Utilities

Safety and Security

Legal Ownership

Provision to Basic Amenities

Formal Recognition

Sense of Dignity

Environmental Conditions

Sense of Belonging

Increase in Financial Stability

Incrementality In Sra Housing Incrementality In Informal Housing

Targeted Subsidies

Slow Progress Controlled Expansion

Dependence on Government

Bureaucratic Procedures

Lack of Funding

Thresholds / Limitations

Limitations of space to expand

3.8.2 CONCLUSION

Negotiations with the Neighbor

Not Controlled

Step-by-Step Upgrades

Expanding through public space

Horizontal Expansion

Vertical Expansion

Thresholds

Priority Based Interventions

In conclusion, there are major distinctions between legal and informal settlements, and these distinctions have an enormous influence on the lives of individuals who reside there. Informal housing, on the contrary, is more affordable but lacks basic amenities and is not legally recognized, making it challenging for inhabitants to access government programs and subsidies. In addition, informal housing encourages community living, which may help inhabitants feel more connected to one another. This is frequently not the case in authorized housing, which might be more secluded and unsupportive of the community.

Hence, Striking a balance among formal SRA and informal housing initiatives that take the requirements and demands of EWS households into consideration is essential. A meticulous strategy for housing should include community development, legal acknowledgment of informal communities, and adequate access to fundamental facilities. We can enhance the lives of EWS households and advance sustainable, wholesome, and inclusive societies by tackling these concerns.

3.9.1 Understanding Incrementality: A Sustainable and Cost-Effective Approach to Housing Development

The term incrementality is used to describe an approach of building residences gradually through time rather than all at once. This strategy is frequently employed in developing nations and is seen to be a sustainable, cost-effective way to provide homes for economically weaker segments. However, there are numerous misconceptions about the notion of incrementality that needs to be addressed in order to fully grasp its potential.

General Misconceptions:

The widespread perception of what incrementality is frequently includes the assumption that houses are built by their occupants utilizing affordable and easily accessible materials. This impression is somewhat accurate, but it's crucial to realize that incrementality is more than just a do-it-yourself strategy for home construction.

Furthermore, The following are the misconceptions about incrementality as an approach to constructing housings for EWS;

• Incrementality is similar to informality.

• Incrementality refers to poor or mediocre construction techniques.

• Incrementality is a transitory fix that will eventually be changed with permanent housing.

• Housing built incrementally cannot be scaled or replicated.

• It is a more gradual method of providing housing.

• Low-income households cannot afford incremental housing.

3.9.2 Case specific misconceptions

The typical understanding of incrementality, according to a survey of a sample of people is;

• One of the biggest myths regarding incrementality is that it's just an economic idea. Many individuals feel that low-income communities who can't afford to construct homes in one huge development project are the only ones for whom incremental housing is important. Although low-income areas frequently adopt incremental housing, this does not always mean that the idea is only based on financial concerns. Another way to think of incrementality is as a social and cultural phenomenon that reflects the beliefs and values of a community.

• It is also a prevalent misperception that incrementality is a one-size-fits-all strategy. However, it is a belief that incremental housing is an overarching solution that can be used in any community, irrespective of its particular requirements or circumstances.

• The idea that incrementality is a sluggish and ineffective process is another common misunderstanding. One home at a time construction is considered inefficient by those who oppose incremental housing as a strategy. They contend that developing entire neighborhoods at once would be quicker and more economical.

• Another common misunderstanding about incrementality is the notion that it is only a short-term fix. Many individuals believe incremental housing is a band-aid solution meant to help troubled neighborhoods temporarily.

• It is a misconception that always Intercommunity disputes arise if you give additional space to the residents for future expansion. Empty plot of land beside the residences is the only way to implement incremental housing strategy is also a major misconception.

• And at last, it is a misconception to think that incrementality is a low-grade type of housing. The belief is that incremental housing is always accompanied by substandard housing circumstances and the houses are consistently built with inferior quality.