Portfolio selected work 2007-2012
Kim, Chung Eun kim.cheun@gmail.com +1 857-244-3730 Š2012 by Chung Eun Kim, All right reserved
Contents
Eyelids Project
Portfolio
exploration of surface response as a dynamic interface between occupants and environment
Viewing Building for the 34th America’s Cup
Pull Down Gallery temporary exhibition space adaptive to its ever-changing programs
Sun Shelter kinetic wall system adaptive to the sun’s position
Thunder Clouds structural re-creation of thunder cloud generation
Mission Swimming Pool continuous public spaces integrating the exterior and interior
Flora Archipelago honourable mention in the International Competition for Public Administriative Town
Professional Works Selected works of the professional career from 2007-2010
academic thesis 2012
academic work 2011 academic work 2011 academic work 2011 academic work 2012 academic work 2010 professional work 2007
professional work 2007-2010
Eyelids Project | 2012 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Charles C Benton, Susan Ubbelohde
Eyelids Project exploration of surface response as a dynamic interface between occupants and environment Kinetic architecture has opened new possibilities of human-space and human-environment relationship as well as exciting dynamic aesthetics. When it comes to practical application of it on a building, however, how the dynamism of a kinetic system could be beneficial in one’s living seems to cast series of questions such as how a kinetic system could be adaptable to the volatile occupants’ preference which depends not only on individual variation but also ever-changing needs of them. The goal of this thesis is to explore surface responses and to design an adaptable kinetic façade, in consideration of the fact that façade is an interface regulating relationship between exterior environment and occupants, which could broaden and embody the opportunity of kinetic architecture. While there could be numerous conditions having effects on occupants’ comfortness and activities, the selected site, Hyundai Apt, Apgujeong-dong, Seoul, itself gives clues to establish performance goals for design. The existing buildings are oriented to the southern east so that shading would be a crucial factor in terms of controling both solar radiation and the amount of day light induced into the interior space. While there could be numerous conditions having effects on occupants’ comfortness and activities, the selected site, Hyundai Apt, Apgujeong-dong, Seoul, itself gives clues to establish performance goals for design. The existing buildings are oriented to the southern east so that shading would be a crucial factor in terms of controling both solar radiation and the amount of day light induced into the interior space. The southern east orientation also allows desirable ventilation during the summer and the winter, which makes control of ventilation another important goal. Considering hot humid climate from june to august, ventilation could help achieve occupants’ thermal comfort and keep interior air quality relevant as well. Since the site is adjacent to Han river to the north there is great opportunity for occupants enjoy the view. View and its counterpart, privacy, therefore, are considered as experiential criteria for design. In addition to those goals driven by site characteristics, changing light quality according to occupants’ preference is adopted as the tool by which occupants could actively control interior visual environment. In particular, translucency could give totally different lighting from sun light whose reflection from bright surfaces is not good for reading and working. The five performance goals which are shading, tranlucent light quality, view, privacy, and ventilation works not separatedly but integrated and overlaped factors affecting occupants experience
Eyelids Project | 2012 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Charles C Benton, Susan Ubbelohde
Eyelids Project
Kinetic Facade Components | installation Facade assembly
To achieve given performance goal, the three kinetic systems have been integrated into the single facade module. Named as eyelids, two soft surfaces were designed to allow to control the amount of shading and more sophisticated light control for the interior spaces. The shading “Eyelid” is installed on the exterior side of the module which regulated shading both automatically and manually, and with the manual operation, it gives occupants opportunities to control view to the outside. The interior “Eyelid” whose surface is made up of translucent ETFE flim could convert sun light into tranlucent light. The eyelids are supported by movable ribs indicating tha angle of revolving ranging from 0 to 180 degree. For instance, the 0 degree shading eyelid means minimized shading and maximized view while the 180 degree one blocks all the sun light and view to the outside. Adding to these two kinetic system, the window frame which hold the two eyelids can rotate, allowing manual ventilation. While this could look as a typical operable window, the combination of the three movements lays numerous possibilities of performance. For example, when the window frame is rotated by 60 degree, the shading eyelid is set to 60 degree, and the angle of tranlucent eyelid is 0 degree, the facade could achieve both ventilation and shading at the same time. Reversely, ventilation and tranlucent light could happen at once when the frame angle is 30 degree, the exterior eyelid angle is 0, and the interior eyelid angle is 180 degree. By adjusting these three angles which could be operated independently, this module could overlap the five performance goals; shading, translucent light quality, view, privacy, and ventilation.
Wall section and elevation
Eyelids Project | 2012 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Charles C Benton, Susan Ubbelohde
Kinetic Performance
Eyelids Project
Eyelids Project | 2012 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Charles C Benton, Susan Ubbelohde
Dynamic Aesthetics As a result of the developed system which integrates the three kinetic movements and also allows their independent operation by occupants to make more sophisticated performance, the overall facade of the applied building could earn totally different aesthetics from static facade design. It could be more about the evolutionary systems whose aim is to achieve the symbiotic behavior and metabolic balance of the nature, because here, a facade is not only working as an intelligent living creature to the some extent but also facilitating occupants’ need, which would sometimes go against an optimal environment in a given condition and even could require less environmental-friendly actions. In the nature’s point of view, human could be seen as a virus as well as a member consisting of the nature. Reversely we, humans could look at the nature as indispensable living condition while we sometimes need protection from it. Considering a building is positioned between human and the nature, dynamic aesthetics in architecture should represent series of negotiation between occupants and environment.
Application to the multi-family housings, Seoul, Korea
Eyelids Project
Academic Work | 2011 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Susan Ubbelohde
Viewing Building
for the 34th America’s Cup
Today’s one of the top tourism destinations, San Francisco seems to have tourist’s hot spots limited to the downtown, or some streets with restaurants and cafes most of which are not linked to the water even if the city is surrounded by the ocean. Furthermore, the old historical piers along the waterfront of San Francisco looks failed to reveal its attractiveness while its worn-out appearance reminds us of once a busy port. However, the piers have a great potential as an attractive public space providing an access to the ocean. To embody the city’s neglected potential, the 34th America’s Cup could render an amazing chance to experiment what the future of the piers should be. Considering that the required program is “viewing”, the site of the pier itself has occupied a great position that could let visitors view not only the race but also the panoramic landscape of both the city and the bay. The goal of the project is, therefore, to design the viewing platform on which people could enjoy the potential beauty of San Francisco while it accommodate necessary service functions for America’s Cup and programs for daily visitors after the race period.
Viewing Strategy
View to the bay on the rooftop viewing deck
Academic Work | 2011` | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Susan Ubbelohde
Viewing Systems Viewing Roof
Viewing Building
for the 34th America’s Cup View from Telegraph Hill
Changeable Louvers| Stairs/benches/PV`
Viewing Platform | Bay-side
Steel Frame Structure| supported from columns
Roof Design Goal Viewing Roof both to the city and to the water Inhabitable roof accommodating a variety of urban activities Low energy consumption | PV Panel
Embarcadero | Urban side
Academic Work | 2011 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Susan Ubbelohde
Viewing Building
Building Envelope The building envelopes can be divided into three systems. The first one is the viewing stand which can function as louvers shading the interior spaces while it becomes seats during the America’s Cup race game. The gaps between the louvers could ventilate air naturally. During the winter season, the cold air from the ocean could be heated before getting into the complete interior space. Secondly, the similar system were used for the rooftop deck. It consists of rotating louvers working as both benches and louvers. On one side of each louver, PV film is attached to harness the solar energy, and the other side is finished with woods to give comfort to seated people. Finally, viewing terraces with different depth were proposed for the facade facing Embacadero Street.
Viewing stands | louver+seat
Roof viewing deck | rotating louvers
for the 34th America’s Cup
Urban terrace | fixed louvers + declined wall
Academic Work | 2011 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Wes Jones
Pull Down Gallery Temporary exhibition space adaptive to its ever-changing programs The goal of this project is to propose changeable interior space according to the occupants’ demands in response to their specific activities. Inspired by the form of stalactite, the changeable interior partitions which are hanged on the roof and could be folded up from the floor level to the ceiling is the main design objective. To hang the partitions without columns inside, structural conception comes into the beginning phase of the design process. Since all the interior partitions are not structural and actually impose their load on the entire structure, the exterior skeleton of the building should be strong enough to support them. My proposal is to make the facade and the roof one integrated structure which can effectively transfer load from the top to the foundation through the structural facade.
Exterior perspective
Another important challenge is about how to make the structural facade aesthetically harmonious with the interior partitions’ geometry and to perform well in terms of inducing day light. Since interior stalactite-like partitions are made of light glass fiber members with coarse fabric, the solution for the exterior skin is a structural module having thin steel members for transferring compression and cables resisting tensile load. Stretched membranes are attached to the steel members so as to induce sun light inside. By having this basic module repeatedly, the whole structural system was created. Interior perspective
Section
Interior perspective
Academic Work | 2011 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Wes Jones
Pull Down Gallery
Overall Geometry Structural Components
Interior Changeable Partitions The goal of this project is to propose changeable interior space according to the occupants’ demands in response to their specific activities. Inspired by the form of stalactite, the changeable interior partitions which are hanged on the roof and could be folded up from the bottom level to the ceiling is the main design objective.
Roof Structure | Light steel truss Exterior wall and roof are structurally integrated, attached translucent membrane
Interior Partitions | Folded up geometry
Exterior Structural Frames Light steel frames integrate the exterior wall and the ceiling to make column-less space inside. The translucent skin made of stretchable membranes is adopted for neutral atmosphere of gallery inside.
Exterior Skeleton | Light steel space framing
Repetitive Modules to make both exterior & interior wall systems easy to assemble and transport.
Academic Work | 2011 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Wes Jones
Exterior Structure Roof Membrane | inducing sunlight
The Design Goal |Structural |Translucent |repetitive |Easy to assemble
Roof Steel Truss | holding the changeable units
Module Design Goal |Structural |Translucent |repetitive |Easy to assemble
Membrane Skin | inducing sunlight inside
Roof Structure
Changeable Interior Units The interior space can be adaptive to variable occupant-driven needs.
model picture : exterior structure
Academic Work | 2011 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Erick Khan
Sun Shelter kinetic wall system adaptive to the sun’s position A wall, one of the most rudimentary components in architecture, divides a space into two different qualities: inside and outside, warm and cold, dark and bright, and so on. Those qualitative difference could make distinctive activities happen in each side of the wall. The goal of this project is to design the wall working as the shelter whose bright and shaded-side are kept regardless of the sun’s position in the daytime, and here the idea of kinetic architecture came into place. Firstly, The proposed “S”-shaped wall whose bright side faces to the south and its counterpart, dark side, looks at the north. This is because, in a way, this position itself could make sure that its one side could get the maximum daylight and the other being mostly shaded under the sun. Various ideas of kinetic movement had been considered when it comes to the problem that the wall’s position could not guarantee each side of the wall keeping its original relative difference of illumination. The most critical aspect for the kinetic solution was its simplicity in terms of its operation. The idea was the wall consists of plenty of poles rotating back and forth according to the sun’s position, which could keep the dark side shaded consistently and the bright part always being sunny in the daytime of a sunny day. Each pole has 4 to 5 holes through each of which a rod moves back and forth by the poles’ movement, controlling how much the membrane skin attached on both side of the wall induce daylight into the bright and dark area. Therefore, it is how much each pole should rotate that the only one kinetic movement related to the sun’s position. The rest components like rods, strings and membrane skins could act properly with the guide of the poles’ movement. Daily Variation
Solar equinox
07:00
08:30
09:30
10:30
12:00
13:00
14:00
15:00
16:00
View of the dark side of the wall
Academic Work | 2011 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Erick Khan
Sun Shelter
Overall Geometry
kinetic wall system adaptive to the sun’s position Three basic components Construction of the shelter can be divided into three phases. The curved steel foundation have 40 anchor points each of which works as the rotation axis of each pole and keeps it in place. Then, the 40 kinetic poles of the same length are connected to the anchors. The poles have 4 to 5 rods and each rod has two anchors at the both ends of it. A string connecting the upper end of the pole and the foundation moves the rod back and forth according to the pole’s pre-programmed movement. With additional 4 to 5 anchor points on the south-facing surface of each pole, the rod holds membrane skins which induce different amount of sunlight according to the rotation angle of each pole. The skins shade mostly when the pole is upright, while the more the poles getting inclined the more light induced. In this way, the bright side could keep itself bright and the dark side could be always more shaded than its counterpart.
membrane skin
bright side kinetic poles
dark side
Foundation
Although the dynamics of the three components’ chain movement(poles, rods and strings) seems to achieve the design goal, keeping the light environment of both sides of the wall relatively different during the daytime, there are still other cases that can not be programmed before. While the sun’s position could be assumed and then programmed in a way, varying weather conditions such as rain, cloud and fog could not be expected properly. Therefore, sensors attached on the top of some rods to detect whether it is sunny and whether it is day or night. After sunset, both the easternmost and westernmost poles become upright, waiting for next sun rise. All poles will be upright when the sensors detect the light intensity of overcast sky condition.
Bird’s eye view when the sun’s altitude is the highest in the autumnal equinox day
Academic Work | 2011 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Erick Khan
Sun Shelter
Sun-responsive Movement
Foundation As poles change the angle, the stiff strings guide how far each rod comes out of the pole’s surfaces. The springs anchored into the foundation could adjust the length of each string so that it can be adaptive to the pole’s movement.
Kinetic poles
Membrane skins
Academic Work | 2012 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Gregory Hurcomb
Thunder Clouds structural re-creation of thunder cloud generation Reinterpretation of a natural phenomenon has been an important theme in painting, sculpture and other fields of art. Some artists depict a natural event as realistically as possible on their canvas while others re-create what they imagine from it. Here, I tried re-creation of thunder clouds not from the impression I got from their generation but from reinterpretation of their phase changes based on condensation process of H2O. There are two phased reinterpretation processes: 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional re-creation. The former is to show dynamism of condensation from the state of water vapor into crystallization of ice particles. Parametric modelling with Grasshopper helped make a video representing the gradual phase changes. In the 3-dimentional re-creation phase, the three phases(vapor, water droplet and ice crystal) of condensation were re-created with volumes having varying geometry by the extent of condensation and density. 3D re-creation began with designing a cloud unit, an imaginative structure to show how water vapor molecules having varying density could develop into the most complicated geometry, an ice crystal.
3D re-creation | structuring condensation process Phase 01 | vapor movement developed from cloud seeds
Phase 02 | Condensation to water droplets
Phase 03 | Condensation to ice particles
Phase 04 | Growing ice particles
Imagination of inhabitation
Academic Work | 2012 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Gregory Hurcomb
2D Re-creation
2D Re-creation
Thunder Clouds
| physical reinterpretation of condensation process
Three phases: vapor | water droplet | ice crystal
Animated drawings A video was used as the media to efficiently show the re-creation work because still images only has limited ability to represent the dynamic state of condensation and generation of thunder clouds. The three representative phases, water vapor, water droplet, and ice crystal have been symbolized as line vectors, circles having varying diameters and voronoi structure defined from the centres of the water circles respectively. With Grasshopper, by adjusting gradually the density of each symbol through the time line, the whole video could become one dynamic drawing.
Physics in condensation
Line vectors
Random circles
Voronoi
Line vectors | vapor
Random circles | droplet
Voronoi | ice crystal
Movement of vapor
Movement of droplets
Congregation of ice crystal
Academic Work | 2010 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Gerard (Roddy) Creedon
Mission Swimming Pool continuous public spaces integrating the exterior and interior The goal of this project is to create a series of public spaces which have varying elevations and spatial qualities. Each public space includes open space directly linked to community programs. For more efficient operation the pool building is separated from the community service building which houses a variety of programs such as a lecture room and a public lounge. The two split box forms were proposed not to be seen as a landmark in the neighbourhood but to be a part of daily landscape in Mission district. A very unique community corridor was proposed, passing through both the interior and exterior of the building and connecting outdoor spaces like Mission Playground to the south with the interior programs. The corridor starts from entry plaza located at the north side of the building and ends as a running track on the rooftop.
Site plan | connecting nearby open-spaces
Building Circulation | connecting all the building programs
Community Way | activities through the building
View from 19th Street
Academic Work | 2010 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Gerard (Roddy) Creedon
Mission Swimming Pool
Program Allocation Swimming Pool Facilities | Floor Plan Lv +3’0”
Public Recreation | Floor Plan Lv +13’0”
Public Lounge | Floor Plan Lv +23’0”
Academic Work | 2010 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Gerard (Roddy) Creedon
Mission Swimming Pool
Community Building Elevation
Building Envelope
Structural Frames
Main Frames for Facade Frames for Panels Poly-carbornate Panels
Section
Programs
Legends
Building Structure Considering San Francisco’s seismic code, the main skeleton was made of moment frames. Shear walls would give additional strength for the lateral forces while helping supporting the relatively long span of the pool area. Finally, skin frames attached to the structural frames hold building cladding.
A B C D E F G H I J K
Roof garden Public reading room Public lounge Cafe Seminar space Storage Change room Kitchen Recreation room Public bathroom Entry Hall
Continuous Public Space
Potential link
Moment Frames
Shear Walls
Skin Frames
Openspace link
Activity link
To link the 19th St. and Mission playground, two small plaza were introduced. Series of open spaces through the whole building connect the front Entry Plaza to Mission playground.
View from the south
Academic Work | 2010 | Chung Eun Kim | Instructor: Gerard (Roddy) Creedon
Mission Swimming Pool
Pool Building Elevation
Building Envelope
Structural Frames Main Frames for Facade Steel Frames for Glass Joints Concrete Louvers
Section
Programs
A B C D E F G
Interior view of swimming pool
View of community corridor
Facade of swimming pool
Operable roof Entry plaza Children’s pool Viewing deck Locker room Pool area Mechanical room
Professional Work | 2010 | Competition
Mullae-dong Urban Regeneration, Seoul, Korea Winner | Competition for Regeneration of Mullae-dong Industrial District | Responsibility: Architectural Design, 3D Modeling & Rendering, Final Report
Professional Work | 2010 | Competition
Dunchon-dong Commerical Complex, Seoul, Korea Competition Proposal | Facade Design, Floor Plan Design, Promotion Strategy, Final Report
Professional Work | 2009 | Competition
YTN Broadcasting Station, Seoul, Korea Honourable Mention | Competition for YTN New Headquarter | Responsibility: Building Facade Design, Collaboration with ASGG, Final Report
Professional Work | 2009 | Competition
Museum of Comtemporary Art, Seoul, Korea Competition Proposal | Responsibility: Initial Proposal, Roof Design, Landscape Design, Final Report
Design Proposal | 2009 | Competition
C-7 Block Tower, Songdo New City, Incheon, Korea Design Proposal | Independent Work
Professional Work | 2009 | Competition
Hanam-Misa Social Housing, Gyeng-gi Province, Korea Competition Proposal | Responsibility: Building Facade Design, Landscape Plan, Final Report
Design Proposal | 2009 | Competition
Community Complex, Sejong New City, Korea Competition Proposal | Responsibility: Initial Design Proposal, Landscape Design, Physical Model, Final Report
Development Plan | 2008 | Competition
Yongyu-Mui Tourism and Leisure City, Incheon, Korea Development Proposal | Responsibility: Initial Design Proposal, Transportation System
Professional Work | 2007 | Insun Ham(leader), Mingu Kang, Hongil Kim, Chung Eun Kim
Flora Archipelago Honourable Mention | International Master Plan Competition for Public Administration Town| Responsibility: Green Network System, Transportation System, Landscape Plan
Design Proposal | 2007 | Competition
Sa-dong Housing Complex PF Project, Ansan, Gyeng-gi Province, Korea Winner | Competition for Sa-dong Redevelopment Plan | Responsibility: Tower Design, Landscape Plan