Casting On—Slip Knot
A
Basic Knitting instructions
B
C
D
The cast on methods shown begin with a slip knot. 1. Lay yarn across the palm of your hand and hold it with two fingers (Photo A). 2. Wrap yarn around first two fingers (Photo B). 3. Bring yarn to back of hand, bring up between fingers and through the loop (Photo C). 4. Slide yarn off fingers and pull loop to tighten the knot (Photo D).
E
5. Place loop on needle and pull on yarn end to tighten (Photo E).
Knitted Cast On
A
B
C
D
The knitted cast on method produces a loose, soft edge. This would not be a good choice for a garment with a ribbed edge, as it will look sloppy.
2. Wrap yarn from back
1. Make a slip knot, leav-
wrapped yarn on right
ing a short tail (at least
needle. Wrapped yarn
4"); place slip knot on left
forms a new stitch on right
needle. Insert tip of right
needle (Photo C).
needle from left to right
4. Insert left needle from
5. Remove right needle
6. Repeat Steps #2–#5 to
through the loop. Tip of
right to left through loop on
from loop and gently
cast on required number of
right needle will be behind
right needle (Photo D).
tighten stitch on left needle
stitches.
left needle (Photo A).
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to front over right needle, then down between the two needles (Photo B).
3. Bring tip of right needle forward through stitch on left needle, keeping
E
(Photo E).
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Twisted Loop Cast On
A
B
The twisted loop cast on is an easy method that will produce a soft, elastic edge. It is a great choice for adding on stitches or when knitting lace.
Knit smart™
C
If your cast on stitches are too tight, use a needle one or two sizes larger than the pattern calls for. Switch back to correct needle size before you begin to knit.
1. Make a slip knot with a tail long enough to cast on required number of stitches (about ½" per stitch); place slip knot on needle. Holding needle and yarn tail from ball in right hand, wrap yarn from back to front around left thumb; hold tail with your fingers (Photo A).
2. Bring needle from bottom to top through loop of yarn on thumb (Photo B). 3. Slide loop off thumb and pull on yarn tail to tighten loop on needle (Photo C). 4. Repeat Steps #2 and #3 to cast on required number of stitches.
Two Strand Cast On
A
B
The two-strand cast on is another easy method. It a great choice for most situations, and produces a strong edge with some elasticity. It will look better if the first row of your project is a wrong side row.
C
slip knot in place with right
4. Bring needle from top to
index finger, place thumb
bottom back through loop
and index finger of left hand
on thumb, keeping yarn
between the two yarn tails.
loop on needle (Photo D).
Wrap short tail around index
5. Slip thumb out of its
finger and tail from ball
loop and bring it down un-
around thumb. Hold tails
der the yarn tail at the front
with ring and pinky finger
of the needle. Pull with
(Photo A).
thumb and index finger to
1. Make a slip knot with a
2. Bring needle from bot-
gently tighten cast on stitch
tail long enough to cast on
tom to top through loop on
(Photo E).
required number of stitches
thumb (Photo B).
6. Repeat Steps #2–#5 to
(about ½" per stitch); place
3. Bring needle from right
cast on required number of
slip knot on needle. Holding
to left through loop on
stitches.
D
E
finger (Photo C).
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Knit Stitch
Hold needle with stitches in
Wrap yarn from back to
Bring tip of right needle
Slide right needle to the
left hand; hold empty needle
front over right needle,
forward through stitch
right, slipping stitch off left
in right hand. Insert tip of
then down between the
on left needle, keeping
needle. Continue in same
right needle from left to right
two needles.
wrapped yarn on right
manner to end of row.
into front of stitch on left
needle. Wrapped yarn forms
needle. Tip of right needle
a new stitch on right needle.
will be behind left needle.
Purl Stitch
Hold needle with stitches in
Wrap yarn from right to left
Bring tip of right needle
Slide right needle to the
left hand; hold empty needle
around right needle.
backward through stitch
right, slipping stitch off left
in right hand. Insert tip of
on left needle, keeping
needle. Continue in same
right needle from right to left
wrapped yarn on right
manner to end of row.
into front of stitch on left
needle. Wrapped yarn forms
needle. Yarn and right needle
a new stitch on right needle.
will be in front of left needle.
Stockinette Stitch Cast on the required number of stitches. Knit all stitches in first row. Purl all stitches in second row. Repeat these two rows for stockinette stitch. www.LoveofKnitting.com
Knit Side
Purl Side (Reverse Stockinette Stitch) Summer 2010
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Ribbing
Binding Off
1 With yarn in back, knit
Knit first two stitches from left needle.
2 Insert left needle from left to right into
first stitch of row. Bring
front of first stitch on right needle. Lift
yarn to front between tips
first stitch over second stitch and over
of needles.
end of right needle.
3
4
With yarn in front, purl next
Slip left needle out of stitch and let
Knit next stitch from left needle and
stitch. Bring yarn to back
it drop. (One stitch remains on right
repeat the last two steps. Continue
between tips of needles.
needle.)
across row until there are no stitches on left needle and one stitch remains on right needle.
5 Continue alternating knit
Cut yarn, leaving at least a 4" tail. Pull
and purl stitches in this
end of yarn through loop of last stitch.
6 Pull on yarn tail to tighten the loop.
manner to end of row.
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Increase
At point of increase, knit
Insert tip of right needle
Wrap yarn from back to
Slide right needle to the
stitch, but do not remove
from right to left through
front around right needle;
right, slipping stitch off left
stitch from left needle.
back of same loop on left
bring right needle forward
needle. You have increased
needle. Tip of right needle
through stitch on left needle,
one stitch.
will be behind left needle.
keeping wrapped yarn on right needle. There are now two stitches on right needle.
Decrease—Knit 2 Together (k2tog)
At point of decrease, insert
Wrap yarn from back to
Slide right needle to the
Decrease will slant toward
right needle from left to
front around right needle;
right, slipping stitches off
the right.
right through two stitches.
bring right needle forward
left needle. You have
through both stitches on left
decreased one stitch.
needle. Wrapped yarn forms stitch on right needle.
Decrease—Slip, Slip, Knit (ssk)
At point of decrease, slip
Wrap yarn from back to
Slide right needle to the
Decrease will slant toward
two stitches knitwise onto
front around right needle;
right, slipping stitches off
the left.
right needle. Insert left needle
bring right needle forward
left needle. You have
from left to right through
through both stitches on left
decreased one stitch.
front of the two slipped
needle. Wrapped yarn forms
stitches on right needle.
stitch on right needle.
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Felting Wool Sweaters
Grafting or Kitchener Stitch
1. Choose 100% wool sweaters or items with minimal nylon content.
2. Machine wash 2 to 3
1
2
3
sweaters of similar color
Arrange two pieces of
Insert yarn needle through
Bring yarn needle through
together in hot water
knitting with same number of
first stitch on back needle
first stitch on front needle as
and mild fabric soap,
stitches on each needle and
as if to knit. Leave stitch on
if to knit and slip stitch off
with regular to high
wrong sides facing. Thread
needle.
needle. Bring yarn needle
agitation, until the knit
the tail from the back piece
through next front stitch as
stitches disappear.
through yarn needle. Insert
if to purl and leave stitch on
3. Rinse in warm water,
yarn needle as if to purl in
needle.
then spin and/or towel
first stitch on front needle.
blot to remove water.
Leave stitch on needle.
Machine dry on air fluff setting or lay flat to dry.
Knit smart™ Washer bags work well for felting small pieces and sweaters with long fibers.
4
5
Bring yarn needle through first
Repeat steps #3 and #4 until no stitches remain on needles.
4. When sweaters are
stitch on back needle as if to
Adjust tension of the stitches as you go to make them
dry, cut along side,
purl and slip stitch off needle.
match the knitted stitches.
shoulder, and arm
Bring yarn needle through
Note: We used a contrasting yarn in our sample to show
seams to make flat
next back stitch as if to knit
the stitches better. Use matching yarn when grafting two
single layer pieces.
and leave stitch on needle.
pieces together.
Keep sleeves in tube shape until you decide on your project.
Check Your Gauge For best results, always take time to check
NOTE: Sweaters will
your gauge. Using the same needles and yarn
shrink more in length
you will use for your project, knit a swatch
than width.
that is about 5" (12.5 cm) square. Count the number of stitches and rows in 4". If you have more rows or stitches than indicated in your pattern, try larger needles and knit another swatch. If you have fewer rows or stitches than indicated, make another swatch using smaller needles. Continue this process until your swatch matches the numbers given in your pattern. Although this seems tedious, it is worth the time to increase the accuracy of the finished size of your project.
6
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Standard Knitting Abbreviations
STANDARDS & GUIDELINES FOR CROCHET AND KNITTING
STANDARDS & GUIDELI
Standard Yarn Weight System Categories of yarn, gauge ranges, and recommended needle and hook sizes Yarn Weight Symbol & Category Names Type of Yarns in Category
* repeat starting point
(repeat from *)
Sistema de Peso E
** repeat all instructions
between asterisks
( ) alternate measurements
Nume
and/or work instructions in Lace
Super Fine
Fine
Light
Medium
Bulky
Super Bulky
parentheses in place directed
Fingering 10 count crochet thread
Sock, Fingering, Baby
Sport, Baby
DK, Light Worsted
Worsted, Afghan, Aran
Chunky, Craft, Rug
Bulky, Roving
a specified number of times
Knit Gauge Range* in Stockinette Stitch to 4 inches
33 –40** sts
27–32 sts
Recommended Needle in Metric Size Range
1.5–2.25 mm
Recommended Needle U.S. Size Range
000 to 1
Crochet Gauge* Ranges in Single Crochet to 4 inch
32-42 double crochets**
21–32 sts
Recommended Hook in Metric Size Range
Steel*** 1.6–1.4mm Regular hook 2.25 mm
2.25—3.5 mm
Recommended Hook U.S. Size Range
Steel*** 6, 7, 8 Regular hook B–1
B–1 to E–4
2.25—3.25 mm
1 to 3
23–26 sts
3.25—3.75 mm
3 to 5
16–20 sts
21–24 sts
3.75—4.5 mm
5 to 7
12–17 sts
16–20 sts
4.5—5.5 mm
7 to 9
11–14 sts
12–15 sts
5.5—8 mm
9 to 11
8–11 sts
6–11 sts
8 mm and larger 11 and larger 5–9 sts
E–4 to 7
4.5—5.5 mm
7 to I–9
5.5—6.5 mm
I–9 to K–101⁄2
6.5—9 mm
K–101⁄2 to M–13
9 mm and larger
M–13 and larger
* GUIDELINES ONLY: The above reflect the most commonly used gauges and needle or hook sizes for specific yarn categories. ** Lace weight yarns are usually knitted or crocheted on larger needles and hooks to create lacy, openwork patterns. Accordingly, a gauge range is difficult to determine. Always follow the gauge stated in your pattern.
Nombres de la Categoria
approx approximately Tipos de
Liston
Super Fino
Estambre
Calcetin,
Estambres begin,delgado beg beginning; begins Digitación,
bet between
BO bind off
Actuales dentro de la Categoria
Crochet calibre 10
BOR beginning or a 40 Rango del of row 33
Calibre del round
sts
from Agujacable needle 1.5 a 2.25
Recomendada mm C2F Slip 1 st to cable needle
2.25 a 3.25 3 mm
Tamaño Metrico
from cable needle Aguja
000 a 1
C4B Slip 2 sts to cable needle Recomendada
1a3
en hold el Rango and indeback, k2, k2 Tamaño paraneedle E.U. from cable
Calibre a 42 C4F Slip 2 stsdeto cable 32 needle
Crochet en punto and holdSencillo in front, k2, Crochet altok2 de 4cable Pulgadasneedle from
CC contrasting color Acero Gancho Recomendado 1.6 a 1.4 mm cdd centered double en el Rango de
21 a 32 sts
2.25 a 3.5 mm
Gancho
decrease. sl 2 tog,normal K1, Tamano Metrico
pass the slipped stiches 2.25 mm over (together) Gancho
Acero 6, 7, 8 en el Rango de Gancho cm centimeter(s) Tamano para E.U. normal B-1 Recomendado ch chain
cn cable needle
This Standards & Guidelines booklet and downloadable symbol artwork are available at: YarnStandards.com
cont continue(s); continuing
dec(s) decrease(s); decreasing
CO cast on
DPN double-pointed needles
EOR every other row
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27 a 32 sts
en el Rango de and hold in front, k1, k1
From The Craft Yarn Council of America
e
C2B Slip 1 st to cable needle
*** Steel crochet hooks are sized differently from regular hooks--the higher the number, the smaller the hook, which is the reverse of regular hook sizing.
Bebe
Punto en Tela de Punto de and hold in back, k1, k1 4 Pulgadas
3.5—4.5 mm
Nuevos [ ] work instructions in brackets
Summer 2010
foll following; follows g gram(s) Love of Knitting
7
B–1 a E–4
grp(s) group(s)
p2sso pass two slipped stitches
over
k knit
inc increase(s); increasing
k1f&b knit into front and back of
with RS facing you
same stitch
k1 tbl knit 1 through the back
PU pick up and knit stitches pwise purlwise RC right cross
T2F Slip 1 st to cable
needle and hold in front, p1, k1 from cable needle tbl through back loop
tog together
loop
rem remain(s); remaining
WS wrong side
rep repeat; repeating
wyb with yarn in back
k2tog tbl purl 2 stitches together
rev St st reverse stockinette stitch
wyf with yarn in front
through the back loops
RH right hand
k3tog knit three stitches
rib ribbing
k2tog knit two stitches together
together kfb knit in front and back
kwise knitwise
rnd(s) round(s)
LC left cross
sc single crochet
LH left hand
sk skip
m(s) marker(s)
MC main color
(decrease)
mm millimeter(s)
sk2p/sl1-k2tog-psso
M1 make one (increase)
slip 1, knit 2 together,
M1L make one (front) (left).
pass slip stitch over the
An increase. From the
knit 2 together—2 stitch
front, lift loop between
decrease
stitches with left needle,
knit into back of loop.
sl 1k slip 1 knitwise
m1pl (make one purl left):
sl 1p slip 1 purlwise
Pick up bar between
needles with left needle
sl 2-k1-psso/sl 2tog-k1-p2sso
from front to back. Purl
slip 2 together, knit 1,
throught back loop.
pass 2 slipped sts over—
sl slip
sl 2 slip two together
2 stitch decrease
Pick up bar between
needles with left needle
unless otherwise
from back to front. Purl.
indicated)
M1R make one (back) (right).
sl st slip stitch (sl 1 st pwise
ssk slip 1 knitwise, slip 1 kwise,
An increase. From the
k2 sl sts tog tbl (decrease)
back, lift loop between
stitches with left needle,
needle, pass second st on
knit into front of loop.
LH needle over last st, slip
oz ounce(s)
p1f&b purl into front and back of
same stitch
st(s) stitch(es) St st stockinette stitch
p2tog purl two stitches together
pat(s) pattern(s)
pm place marker
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T2B Slip 1 st to cable needle
and hold in back, k1, p1
psso pass slipped stitch over
8
ssp slip 1 kwise, slip 1 kwise,
p2 sl sts tog tbl (decrease)
SSK-P ssk, slip st back to LH
st back to RH needle
p purl
Standard Crochet Abbreviations
skp slip, knit, pass stitch over
m1pr (make one purl right):
yo2 yarn over twice
rev sc reverse single crochet
yo yarn over
RS right side
yd(s) yard(s)
ch chain stitch
dc double crochet
dc2tog double crochet 2 stitches together
dtr double treble crochet
hdc half double crochet
rnd (s) round(s)
sc single crochet
sc2tog single crochet 2 stitches together
sl st slip stitch
t-ch turning chain
tr treble crochet
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from cable needle
Summer 2010
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