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02%&!#% %VERY CHILD DESERVES A HEALTHY START IN
AND SERVICES v **0) WAS ESTABLISHED IN
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*OHNSON 0EDIATRIC )NSTITUTE , , #
AND CONTRIBUTE TO A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT
**0) HAS BEEN DEVOTED TO IMPROVING
FOR CHILDREN
THE LIVES OF CHILDREN AND THEIR FAMILIES
#OLLABORATING WITH WORLDWIDE
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INDUSTRY **0) IDENTIlES THE NEEDS OF
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CONTINUALLY ADDRESSING THE CHALLENGES
N %NSURE MOTHERS HAVE SAFE AND
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AND PRIORITIES IN CHILDREN S HEALTH
N )MPROVE CARE FOR BABIES n FROM
! COMMITMENT TO MOTHERS AND THEIR BABIES HAS BEEN AT THE HEART OF *OHNSON *OHNSON FOR OVER YEARS
BIRTH THROUGH THE EARLY YEARS 2ESOURCES FOR PROFESSIONALS AND PARENTS
2EINFORCED BY THE *OHNSON *OHNSON
IS A VITAL PART OF THE *OHNSON *OHNSON
#REDO THAT STATES h7E BELIEVE OUR lRST
0EDIATRIC )NSTITUTE S PROGRAMMING 7E
RESPONSIBILITY IS TO THE DOCTORS NURSES
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AND PATIENTS TO MOTHERS AND FATHERS
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#/.4%.43 N )NTRODUCTION N )NFANT 3TATES OF #ONSCIOUSNESS
3LEEP 3TATES 7AKING 3TATES
(EARING 6ISION 4OUCH 4ASTE AND 3MELL
N 4HE 3ENSES
N "REASTFEEDING
N 4EMPERAMENT
N !TTACHMENT
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).42/$5#4)/. 4HIS BOOKLET COVERS SOME OF THIS EXCITING INFORMATION 4HIS KNOWLEDGE CAN HELP YOU TO ENHANCE YOUR RELATIONSHIP IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF CARE YOU PROVIDE AND ENJOY THE INDIVIDUALITY OF YOUR NEWBORN )T IS IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THAT FOR THE NEWBORN INFANT THERE ARE SIX DIFFERENT STATES OF BEING OR ACTING 9OU CAN LEARN TO RECOGNIZE EACH ONE "Y !T ONE TIME WE BELIEVED THAT
IDENTIFYING THE DIFFERENT STATES AND
NEWBORNS WERE NOT ACTIVE PARTICIPANTS
REALIZING WHEN THEY OCCUR AND WHAT
IN THE PARENT INFANT RELATIONSHIP
THE EXPECTED RESPONSES ARE YOU CAN
4ODAY WE KNOW THAT NEWBORNS GREET
GET TO KNOW YOUR INFANT !ND YOU
THE WORLD WITH FINELY TUNED SENSES
WILL BE ABLE TO BETTER PROVIDE FOR
4HEY HAVE AN EAGER ENTHUSIASM TO
HIS NEEDS /F COURSE THE MORE YOU
ESTABLISH CONTACT WITH THEIR PARENTS
UNDERSTAND ABOUT YOUR NEW BABY THE
-ANY PARENTS ARE STILL SURPRISED TO
MORE PREPARED YOU WILL BE TO ENJOY
LEARN HOW WELL A NEWBORN CAN SEE
THIS EARLY TIME
AND HEAR 4HEY CAN RECOGNIZE YOUR FACE AND VOICE AND ARE EVEN ABLE TO IMITATE FACIAL EXPRESSIONS
-ARSHALL +LAUS -$
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)NFANT 3TATES OF #ONSCIOUSNESS 9OUR NEWBORN S BEHAVIOR DEPENDS ON HIS LEVEL OF AROUSAL 4HROUGH
REST AND SLEEP AS MUCH AS HOURS
CAREFUL STUDY RESEARCHERS HAVE
EACH DAY
CLASSIlED INFANT CONSCIOUSNESS 4HEY HAVE DIVIDED IT INTO SIX DIFFERENT STATES OF AROUSAL 4HESE STATES ARE BASED ON THE INFANT S DEGREE OF WAKEFULNESS 9OU WILL SEE YOUR BABY MOVING UP
4HERE ARE TWO DISTINCT PATTERNS OF SLEEP FOR NEWBORNS 4HESE TWO PATTERNS ALTERNATE ABOUT EVERY MINUTES $URING QUIET SLEEP YOUR NEWBORN WILL LIE VERY STILL (EART AND
AND DOWN THROUGH THESE LEVELS OF
RESPIRATION RATES ARE VERY REGULAR AND
AROUSAL 9OU WILL BEGIN TO RECOGNIZE
HIS FACE IS RELAXED
THE SPECIlC BEHAVIORS ASSOCIATED WITH HER STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS 4HESE STATES INCLUDE QUIET SLEEP ACTIVE SLEEP DROWSINESS QUIET ALERTNESS ACTIVE ALERTNESS AND CRYING 4HE BETTER YOU UNDERSTAND WHICH STATE YOUR BABY IS IN THE MORE ABLE YOU WILL BE TO READ HER SIGNALS AND RESPOND TO HER NEEDS 3LEEP 3TATES 3LEEP GIVES YOUR NEWBORN A CHANCE TO RECHARGE )F YOU THINK YOUR NEWBORN SPENDS A LOT OF TIME SLEEPING YOU ARE
RIGHT 9OUNG BABIES REQUIRE A LOT OF
4HE OTHER SLEEP PATTERN IS CALLED ACTIVE SLEEP 4HIS IS MARKED BY THE SAME KIND OF RAPID EYE MOVEMENT
2%- THAT ADULTS EXPERIENCE 9OUR NEWBORN MAY MOVE HIS ARMS AND LEGS AND A WIDE ARRAY OF EXPRESSIONS MAY PLAY ACROSS HIS FACE $ROWSINESS $ROWSINESS IS AN INTERMEDIATE STATE WHICH OCCURS WHILE YOUR BABY IS WAKING UP OR FALLING ASLEEP 7AKING 3TATES 7HEN YOUR BABY IS AWAKE YOU WILL NOTICE DIFFERENT WAKING STATES 4HE MOST REWARDING WAKING STATE IS CALLED THE QUIET ALERT STATE .EWBORNS ONLY SPEND ABOUT PERCENT OF EVERY HOURS IN THIS HIGHLY RECEPTIVE STATE DURING THEIR lRST WEEK OF LIFE 4HESE
NEWBORNS MAY LOOK DIRECTLY INTO THEIR MOTHER S AND FATHER S FACES AND RESPOND TO THEIR VOICES )N THIS STATE YOUR NEWBORN MAKES HER lRST ATTEMPT TO UNDERSTAND THE WORLD AND TO INTERACT WITH YOU 4HE ACTIVE ALERT STATE IS VERY
PRECIOUS AND WONDER lLLED MOMENTS
DIFFERENT )N THIS STATE YOUR NEWBORN
PROVIDE THE BEST OPPORTUNITY FOR YOU
WILL EXHIBIT FREQUENT RHYTHMIC
AND YOUR BABY TO BEGIN BUILDING A
MOVEMENTS OF THE ARMS AND LEGS
RELATIONSHIP .EWBORNS IN THE QUIET
4HESE MOVEMENTS WILL OFTEN GET YOUR
ALERT STATE LOOK DIRECTLY INTO THEIR
ATTENTION 4HIS STATE HELPS TO PROMOTE
PARENT S EYES 4HEIR EYES ARE OPEN
A NATURAL INTERACTION BETWEEN YOU AND
WIDE AND THEIR FACES SHINE WITH A
YOUR BABY SINCE IT APPEARS WHEN HE IS
SPARKLING LOOK 4HERE IS LITTLE BODY
READY TO EAT OR IS FUSSY
MOVEMENT AND BREATHING IS REGULAR
#RYING
-ANY INFANTS HAVE A PROLONGED
#RYING IS ONE OF YOUR BABY S
PERIOD OF QUIET ALERTNESS RIGHT AFTER
WAYS OF COMMUNICATING HER NEEDS
BIRTH $URING THE lRST HOUR OF LIFE
9OUR BABY WILL CRY WHEN HUNGRY OR
UNCOMFORTABLE !S YOU RESPOND TO
9OUR NEWBORN IS IMMERSED IN
DISTINGUISH BETWEEN DIFFERENT TYPES
THE WORLD OF SOUND AS EARLY AS THE
OF CRYING -ANY PARENTS lND THAT
SIXTH MONTH OF PREGNANCY 3TUDIES
THEY CAN MOVE THEIR BABIES OUT OF
HAVE SHOWN THAT NEWBORNS WHO ARE
THE CRYING STATE BY PICKING THEM UP
FREQUENTLY EXPOSED TO THE SAME MUSIC
SOOTHING THEM AND PUTTING THEM OVER
WHILE STILL IN THE WOMB CAN BE CALMED
THEIR SHOULDERS
ALMOST IMMEDIATELY WHEN THEY HEAR
!T THE 5NIVERSITY OF -INNESOTA
THAT MUSIC AFTER BIRTH 4HEY CAN ALSO
SCIENTISTS HAVE COMPLETED A STUDY
RECOGNIZE THE VOICE OF THEIR MOTHER
ON INFANTS AND STRESS 4HEY SHOWED
4HE RHYTHMS AND MELODIES OF YOUR
THAT BABIES WHO RECEIVED WARM
CULTURE ARE BECOMING FAMILIAR TO
RESPONSIVE AND CONSISTENT CARE WERE
YOUR BABY
BETTER ABLE TO HANDLE STRESS AT THE END
3TUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT BABIES
OF THEIR lRST YEAR 4HIS TELLS US THAT
IN THE lRST FEW WEEKS AFTER BIRTH CAN
THEY BECOME BETTER AT FACING LIFE S
DIFFERENTIATE THEIR MOTHER S VOICE
CHALLENGES AS THEY GET OLDER 4HEY
4HEY ALSO ACTUALLY PREFER IT 'IVEN
ALSO IMPROVE AT ACHIEVING SECURE
A CHOICE YOUR NEWBORN WILL CHOOSE
ATTACHMENT
THE FAMILIAR AND COMFORTING TONES
4HE 3ENSES
OF HIS MOTHER S VOICE )NTERESTINGLY
4HE SENSES HELP YOUR BABY DEVELOP AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE WORLD AROUND HIM %VEN BEFORE BIRTH YOUR BABY IS ABLE TO SENSE TOUCH AND MOTION (E CAN NOTICE DIFFERENT TASTES AND ODORS AND RECOGNIZE HIS MOTHER S VOICE
(EARING
YOUR BABY S CRIES YOU WILL LEARN TO
NEWBORNS PREFER THE HIGHER PITCH OF THE FEMALE VOICE 4HIS MAY EXPLAIN WHY MANY FATHERS USE A HIGHER PITCH WHEN TALKING TO THEIR BABIES (EARING YOUR VOICE IS ESSENTIAL TO YOUR BABY S LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT 0ARENTS AROUND THE WORLD TALK TO THEIR NEWBORNS THE SAME WAY 4HEY SPEAK IN HIGH PITCHED VOICES STRETCH THEIR WORDS INTO LONG SYLLABLES AND USE SHORT SENTENCES 4HIS IS HOW YOUR NEWBORN BEGINS TO LEARN LANGUAGE 7HEN YOU TALK TO YOUR NEWBORN YOU ARE TEACHING HIM THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF HUMAN CONVERSATION
9OUR BABY IS BEST ABLE TO SEE OBJECTS THAT ARE TO INCHES AWAY 3HE WILL ALSO BE ABLE TO FOLLOW MOVING OBJECTS lRST WITH HER EYES AND THEN BY MOVING HER HEAD !MAZINGLY NEWBORNS HAVE A NATURAL
7HEN YOU TALK TO YOUR NEWBORN YOU ARE TEACHING HIM THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF HUMAN CONVERSATION
ABILITY TO IMITATE THE FACIAL EXPRESSIONS THEY SEE IN THEIR MOTHER OR FATHER 4RY STICKING YOUR TONGUE IN AND OUT AT
6ISION "OTH SOUND AND MOTION ATTRACT YOUR NEWBORN S ATTENTION 4HEY HELP STIMULATE HER BRAIN 3HE WILL ENJOY WATCHING YOUR FACE FOCUSING FIRST ON THE EDGES AND THEN EXPLORING THE EYES NOSE AND MOUTH )N FACT NEWBORNS
YOUR NEWBORN EVERY SECONDS "E SURE HE IS IN THE QUIET ALERT STATE AND LOOKING AT YOUR FACE )T MAY TAKE A MINUTE OR TWO BUT YOU MAY SOON SEE A TINY TONGUE STICKING BACK OUT AT YOU 4OUCH /F ALL THE SENSES THE POWER OF
INSTINCTIVELY SEEK OUT THE HIGH CONTRAST
TOUCH IS PERHAPS THE MOST IMPORTANT
AREAS OF A HUMAN FACE
FOR A NEWBORN )N THE WOMB YOUR
BABY EXPERIENCED THE LIGHT PRESSURE OF
$URING BREASTFEEDING A NEWBORN
CARESSES AND LIGHT TOUCHES 3TROKING
GROWS CLOSE TO HIS MOTHER (E FEELS
THAT IS lRM ENOUGH NOT TO TICKLE YOUR
THE RHYTHM OF HER HEART SEES THE SHAPE
BABY REDUCES HIS RESTLESSNESS AND
OF HER FACE AND EXPERIENCES HER TASTE
PROMOTES SLEEP
AND SMELL
0ARENTS AROUND THE WORLD NATURALLY
9OUR BABY IS BORN WITH A REMARKABLE
LIFT HOLD AND STROKE THEIR NEWBORNS
READINESS TO RESPOND TO YOU 3OME
4HIS PRODUCES A VARIETY OF PHYSIOLOGIC
PARENTS HAVE EXPERIENCED A VERY
AND EMOTIONAL RESPONSES THAT RELAX
DRAMATIC EXAMPLE OF THESE ASTONISHING
AND SOOTHE 7HEN YOU TOUCH YOUR
NATURAL TALENTS ! NEWBORN IF LEFT
BABY YOU CAN ALSO BOOST HER GROWTH
QUIETLY ON HER MOTHER S STOMACH AFTER
HORMONES AND IMMUNE SYSTEM
BIRTH MAY CRAWL TO THE BREAST FIND THE
4ASTE AND 3MELL
NIPPLE AND START TO SUCKLE 4HIS ABILITY
9OUR NEWBORN HAS A KEEN SENSE OF
REMINDS US THAT BABIES ARE BORN WITH A
TASTE AND CAN DISTINGUISH BETWEEN
UNIQUE INSTINCT TO SURVIVE
SWEET AND BITTER ! BREAST FED BABY
4EMPERAMENT
WILL BE EXPOSED TO THE mAVORS OF THE FOOD HIS NURSING MOTHER EATS 3MELL IS ANOTHER SENSE THAT TAKES ON AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN SURVIVAL 2ESEARCH SHOWS THAT YOUR BABY QUICKLY LEARNS THE SCENTS ASSOCIATED WITH HER FAMILY 3HE CAN DISTINGUISH THE SCENT OF HER MOTHER OVER THOSE OF OTHER MOTHERS !ND SHE CAN DO THIS AFTER ONLY A SHORT PERIOD OF EXPOSURE ! MOTHER CAN ALSO IDENTIFY HER OWN BABY S SCENT SOON AFTER BIRTH
"REASTFEEDING
mUID .OW HE WILL BE COMFORTED BY
"ABIES ARE INDIVIDUALS WITH LIKES AND DISLIKES FROM THE lRST DAYS OF
LIFE 3OME BABIES NEED VERY LITTLE STIMULATION TO REACH A STATE OF QUIET ALERTNESS /THERS MAY NEED A BIT MORE BEFORE THEY WILL OPEN THEIR EYES AND RETURN A SMILE 4HE EASE WITH WHICH BABIES TRANSITION THROUGH DIFFERENT STATES DElNES THEM 3O TOO DOES THE DEGREE TO WHICH THEY REACT TO SIGHTS AND SOUNDS )T ALSO DESCRIBES THE BOUNDARIES AROUND WHICH A LOVING CAREGIVING ENVIRONMENT IS CREATED /NE OF THE CHALLENGES IN THOSE lRST DAYS OF LIFE IS TO LEARN WHO YOUR BABY
ENVIRONMENT 4HIS WILL HELP HER FEEL SAFE AND SECURE
!TTACHMENT 4HE FIRST FEW DAYS AND WEEKS
IS AND WHAT BEST SOOTHES HIM AND
FOLLOWING BIRTH ARE VERY IMPORTANT IN
MAKES HIM MOST COMFORTABLE
DEVELOPING TIES "UT THIS IS ONLY THE
$R .ATHAN &OX IS A RESEARCHER AT THE 5NIVERSITY OF -ARYLAND (IS WORK HAS SHOWN THAT FROM THE EARLY DAYS OF LIFE THERE ARE BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES IN HOW INFANTS REACT TO THE WORLD h4HE KEY IS TO UNDERSTAND THE WAY IN WHICH BIOLOGY AND THE PARENTING ENVIRONMENT INTERACT 0ARENTS CAN HELP THEIR BABY DElNE HIS OR HER
BEGINNING OF THE PROCESS BY WHICH YOU AND YOUR NEWBORN BECOME ATTACHED TO EACH OTHER 4HE MORE TIME THAT YOU CAN SPEND WITH YOUR NEWBORN DURING THE FIRST FEW DAYS THE BETTER YOU LL BE ABLE TO RECOGNIZE AND MEET HER NEEDS "EING CLOSE TO YOUR NEWBORN IS BETTER FOR YOU TOO .EWBORNS REQUIRE NURTURING BUT
INDIVIDUALITY v SAYS $R &OX 0ARENTS
SO DO NEW PARENTS !S A NEW PARENT
WHO KNOW HOW THEIR BABY REACTS TO
YOU FACE AS MANY CHALLENGES AS YOUR
DIFFERENT LEVELS OF LIGHT NOISE OR TOUCH
NEWBORN DOES 4HE INTENSITY OF YOUR
MAY BE ABLE TO MODIFY THE BABY S
PARENTAL FEELINGS GROWS DEEPER AS YOU
LEARN MORE ABOUT YOUR NEWBORN )T IS OFTEN THE PRIVATE QUIET TIME THAT YOU
4HE INTENSITY OF YOUR PARENTAL FEELINGS GROWS DEEPER AS YOU LEARN MORE ABOUT YOUR NEWBORN
AND YOUR NEWBORN SHARE THAT BRINGS OUT THESE LOVING AND UNIQUE FEELINGS 3IMPLE ACTS LIKE NURTURING FEEDING
BEHAVIOR OF YOUR NEWBORN CAN HELP
AND CARING FOR YOUR NEWBORN FEELING
YOU PROVIDE THE BEST CARE 7HEN YOU
THE TOUCH OF HIS SKIN AND THE WARMTH
SEE YOUR NEWBORN AND HEAR HOW SHE
OF HIS BODY SOLIDIFY YOUR GROWING
RESPONDS YOU WILL INSTINCTIVELY REACT
ATTACHMENT %XPERTS DESCRIBE THE
DIFFERENTLY !ND WHEN YOUR NEWBORN
PROCESS AS GRADUAL FOR MOST PARENTS
SEES YOU RESPOND TO HER NEEDS SHE
)T CAN TAKE A WEEK OR LONGER FOLLOWING
FEELS SECURE IN YOUR CARE
BIRTH FOR PARENTS TO FEEL CONlDENT IN
4HE lRST DAYS AND WEEKS FOLLOWING
THE FEELINGS OF RESPONSIBILITY AND LOVE
BIRTH SHOULD BE A SPECIAL PRIVATE
FOR THEIR CHILD
TIME FOR YOU AND YOUR NEWBORN
3O DO NOT WORRY IF YOU DO NOT FEEL
)T IS YOUR TIME TO NURTURE GROW CLOSE
AS IF THE NEWBORN IS YOURS RIGHT AWAY
AND BEGIN TO DEVELOP A RELATIONSHIP
&OR SOME THE FEELING BEGINS DURING
FOR A LIFETIME
PREGNANCY &OR OTHERS FEELING THAT
5SE AND ENJOY THIS TIME "ECOME
YOUR NEWBORN IS NOT A hSTRANGERv
AWARE OF YOUR NEWBORN S AMAZING
CAN TAKE A WEEK OR MORE 'IVE
ARRAY OF NATURAL ABILITIES TO LEARN AND
YOURSELF AND YOUR NEWBORN TIME TO
TO COMMUNICATE
GROW TOGETHER 4HE EXPERIENCE WILL LAST A LIFETIME
!S A NEW PARENT UNDERSTANDING THE
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.%7"/2. #!2% /THER 2ESOURCES
!MAZING 4ALENTS OF THE .EWBORN 0ROFESSIONAL -ONOGRAPH
4AKING 9OUR "ABY (OME ! 0ARENT S 'UIDE
4HE MATERIALS AVAILABLE IN OUR .EWBORN #ARE 0ROGRAM PROVIDE PROFESSIONALS AND PARENTS WITH GUIDELINES AND SUGGESTIONS FOR INFANCY &OR RELATED INFORMATION DURING PREGNANCY PLEASE SEE MATERIALS IN OUR 0REGNANCY 0ROGRAM 4HIS UNIQUE PROGRAM IS SUPPORTED BY RESEARCH THAT IS REVIEWED IN THESE MATERIALS AND TRANSLATED FOR PRACTICAL APPLICATION &OR DOWNLOADABLE VERSIONS SEE WWW **0) COM
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