Audit of Carbon Emissions and Action Plan for Kingston Grammar School

Audit of Carbon Emissions and Action Plan

For Kingston Grammar School

Registered company number: 3883748

Registered charity number: 1078461

SIC: 85310

For the period 1st August 2021 to 31st July 2022

Project Sponsor:

Alison Williams

Go Green Experts supports organisations in the measurement and reduction of their carbon footprint. We have a wealth of experience supporting companies and non-profits in their drive to reach a lower environmental impact. We ensure that our work is in line with the latest science and standards.

Kingston Grammar School is an independent coeducational day school in Kingston upon Thames, England. The school was founded by royal charter in 1561 but can trace its roots back to at least the 13th century.

The buildings include the Lovekyn Chapel which is the only remaining free-standing chantry chapel in England and, dating back to 1309, is the oldest complete building in Kingston. Although it is no longer used for religious services, it's the most popular venue in the Royal Borough for civil ceremonies and civil partnerships. As an elegant and bright space with excellent acoustics, it is also frequently used for musical performances and readings

Co-Authors (Go Green Experts Ltd)

Dominic Lavelle – Managing Director

Richard Bromley – Consultant

Foreword

Kingston Grammar School approached Go Green Experts in order to establish a baseline carbon footprint and develop an action plan going forward.

The carbon footprint report and action plan will form the basis for strategic environmental planning in the future.

The aim of this review and report is to establish a baseline and identify any gaps in the existing data in order to improve over time.

In order to obtain a more complete picture of the key areas to consider in a reduction plan, any gaps identified have been filled in using estimates based on similar organisations, published figures, and the experience of the carbon consultants using insight based on the site visit.

At the present time, the school does not wish to embark on a Net Zero program, however, this can be reviewed following consideration of the results of this report.

Where primary data was not available, secondary data sources including reports published with Companies House and the Charities Commission were used. An explanation of the data quality and how it is applied can be found later in this report.

An on-site environmental review was conducted by Go Green Experts in September 2022 in order to ascertain the school infrastructure, determine any saving opportunities and define the data required.

1. Executive Summary

Kingston Grammar School is committed to reviewing the environmental impact of the school by measuring our carbon footprint and implementing a decarbonising action plan.

The first step for Kingston Grammar School in creating our decarbonisation plan and strategy has been to measure our carbon footprint. Go Green Experts have begun the carbon footprint measurement process of Kingston Grammar School. During the datagathering process, it was clear that the key area for improvement was the availability of data This is a common issue and can be refined over time.

Carbon emissions including direct and selected indirect emissions, i.e., Scope 1, Scope 2 and selected Scope 3 emissions have been calculated.

The completed carbon footprint, alongside improved data collection and carbon reduction measures implemented as a result of this review, will form a strong foundation for implementing a Net Zero plan in the future if required.

This report was undertaken for the 1st August 2021 to 31st July 2022 period

Figure 1.1: Kingston Grammar School’s CO2e carbon footprint: 1st August 2021 to 31st July 2022

2. Context

Based on an analysis of the existing carbon footprint, the school can develop a longerterm strategy to improve data collection and reduce emissions.

In the coming years, the school will consider developing a carbon reduction plan in line with the Science-Based Target Initiative (SBTi) guidance, enabling Kingston Grammar School to become a Net Zero organisation over time

To achieve this, Kingston Grammar School will need to set out a number of activities to undertake in its carbon reduction plan, split into short-term, medium-term and longterm activities:

Go Green Experts Ltd have reviewed the following data sets submitted by Kingston Grammar School, which include:

• Energy consumption (Gas and Electricity)

• Water & sewerage.

• Air Travel Data

• Site walk round and review

Estimates have been made for the following items:

• Waste data.

• Significant purchases of goods and services.

• Staff commuting

The data was used to calculate the carbon footprint of Kingston Grammar School including Scope 1, Scope 2, and significant Scope 3 emissions, as referred to in the WBCSD-WRI Greenhouse Gas Protocol emissions in carbon dioxide equivalent.

Scopes 1 and 2 are calculated using the conversion factors listed in the 2020 BEIS Greenhouse Gas Conversion Factors.

3. Carbon Footprint Calculations: Summary

As the first step to setting the carbon reduction strategy, it is critical to set a baseline carbon footprint to enable an understanding of the questions below:

• What are the current carbon emission sources?

• How much carbon is currently emitted?

• Who is responsible for each source’s carbon reduction plan?

Go Green Experts were appointed by Kingston Grammar School to calculate the carbon emissions for each category of consumption

4. Footprint Baseline & Scope

The Greenhouse Gas Protocol defines direct and indirect emissions as follows: Direct GHG emissions are emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by the reporting entity.

Indirect GHG emissions are emissions that are a consequence of the activities of the reporting entity but occur at sources owned or controlled by another entity.

The Greenhouse Gas Protocol further categorises these direct and indirect emissions into three scopes:

• Scope 1: Direct emissions from combustion of gas and other fuels.

• Scope 2: Indirect emissions resulting from the consumption of purchased electricity, heat or steam.

• Scope 3: Other indirect emissions, including those associated with purchased goods and services, leased assets, waste disposal, employee commuting, business travel, and the extraction, production, transport and distribution of purchased materials, fuels and electricity.

Scope 1

Scope 2

Scope 3

Sources

• Kingston Grammar School gas consumption.

• Kingston Grammar School electricity consumption.

• Purchases (estimated)

• Air travel.

• Staff Commuting (estimated)

• Waste (estimated)

• Water and sewerage (estimated)

• Coach travel

• Food (estimated)

Table 4.1 below details the emission sources included within Kingston Grammar School’s 2021/2022 carbon footprint used to calculate the baseline figure.

Table 4.1: Kingston Grammar School’s CO2e carbon footprint drivers for the period 1st August 2021 to 31st July 2022

The carbon emissions for each category of consumption have been calculated using the methodology defined in the Greenhouse Gas Protocol and the Carbon Conversion Factors published annually by DEFRA on behalf of the UK government.

The carbon footprint for Kingston Grammar School for the period 1st August 2021 to 31st July 2022 was calculated to be 431.12 Tonnes of CO2e as per Table 4.2 below:

Comments

This carbon footprint represents the “Baseline” position for Kingston Grammar School from which carbon reductions from 2022 will be measured against.

Commuting and Homeworking emissions have been estimated based on local industry average data for the number of employees.

The estimate for purchased goods and services was completed using expenditure data from documents obtained from Companies House and the Charities Commission.

Table 4.2: Kingston Grammar School’s carbon footprint summary: 1st August 2021 to 31st July 2022

4.1 Data Quality and Assumptions

Data was obtained from meter readings and information provided by the school as well as by using data from Companies House and The Charities Commission.

Aspect Comment

Energy data

Purchasing

Waste data

Staff Commuting

Travel & Transport

Energy data was obtained from meter readings and split between the school consumption and the staff rental properties.

Data on purchased goods and services were obtained from the latest accounts available from Companies House. Emissions have been estimated based on that data.

Waste data were not available Waste emissions have been estimated based on 4 full skips of general waste per month sent to landfill.

Emissions from staff commuting were estimated using UK Office for National Statistics data on commuting for Kingston on Thames and the average split of modes of travel (Car, train, bus, bicycle etc) applied to 215 staff at the school and the number of school days in the period.

Figures for air travel were provided by the school. Emissions for travel by coaches have been calculated from the information provided.

No data was provided for food volumes. Our estimate has been completed in order to show what food emissions would look like.

Food

The emissions have been estimated assuming 1 meal per day per pupil for 190 days. The conversion factor of 0.6kg per pupil meal was obtained from published research

Table 4.3: Data Assumptions

Table 4.4 Data Quality

Tables 4.3 and 4.4 show exclusion and assumptions made and quality of data used. The action plan detailed in section 7 includes workstreams to refine and fill gaps in the data for future reporting.

4.2 CO2e Emissions - Total Carbon Footprint

Commentary

The total Carbon Footprint for Kingston Grammar School has been calculated using the methodology defined in the World Resources Institute (WRI) Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol and The Carbon Conversion Factors published annually by Defra on behalf of the UK government.

This chart shows the total emissions for the period from 1st August 2021 to 31st July 2022

The chart includes all scope emissions (Scope 1, Scope 2 and significant Scope 3).

Categorisation: Gas and electricity are reported in Scopes 1, 2 & 3, where the Scope 3 element covers upstream distribution losses.

Figure 4.5 Kingston Grammar School’s Total Carbon footprint

Kingston Grammar School Total Emissions Kingston Grammar School Total Emissions

4.3 Carbon Intensity

Carbon Intensity is a metric to allow an organisation to compare its emissions year on year as the size and activity increase or decrease. This is calculated by measuring emissions per £ Revenue or staff or product.

The metrics also allow comparison to industry averages and similar organisations that are also publishing their carbon intensity metrics.

Table 4.6 Kingston Grammar School’s Carbon Intensity

4.4 CO2e Emissions – Breakdown of Business Travel

Commentary

This chart shows a breakdown of travel including air and local coach travel.

The GHG conversion factor used was kg CO2e per mile travelled plus “Well to Tank” factor for each type of travel.

Well-to-tank (WTT) conversion factors for transport relate to the upstream Scope 3 emissions associated with extraction, refining and transportation of the raw fuels before they are used to power the transport mode. These are included in accordance with GHG protocol principles.

Coach travel has been estimated, further investigation should be completed to gain a more accurate figure.

Figure 4.7: Kingston Grammar School Carbon footprint emissions from Travel

Kingston Grammar School Business Travel Emissions

4.5 CO2e Emissions – Breakdown of Purchases

Kingston Grammar School Purchases Emissions

Commentary

The supply chain data used was based on the amount spent in the period on the categories listed in the latest accounts published on Companies House. The emissions were calculated using generic sector specific carbon intensity (CO2e pound £ pound) figures provided by the UK Office for National Statistics.

Figure 4.10 Kingston Grammar School’s Carbon footprint emissions from purchases

This chart breaks down the total emissions from purchases made by Kingston Grammar School for the period.

Figure 4.8: Kingston Grammar School Carbon footprint emissions from purchases

4.6 CO2e Emissions – Scopes 1, 2 & 3

Emission Scopes are defined by the internationally accepted Greenhouse Gas Protocol. The protocol has been developed through many years of cooperation with The World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).

They are based on an assessment of which emissions from operations the organisation can directly control versus those which the organisation can merely influence.

The below diagram summarises the categories of emissions that are classified into each scope.

Figure 4.9 Depiction of Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 emission categories

Kingston Grammar School Data Types Included and Excluded By Scope

5. Decarbonising the Energy in the School.

Due to the construction of the buildings and the layout of the site, the opportunities for improving efficiency are significant. However, there are many complications and implementing a strategy to reduce emissions will take time and resources.

Developing a ten-year plan would help to spread the load on both manpower and resources.

Reducing gas consumption through efficiency measures should be considered. Ensuring that energy efficiency is maximised should be prioritised.

Behaviour change can contribute to a significant reduction in energy consumption

Moving away from natural gas: Possible change over from natural gas to other technology in the future.

Solar Thermal for Water Heating: Solar hot water could be used to supplement gas or electricity for the hot water needs of the main school and the sports facilities.

Introduction of renewable electricity using solar panels with possible battery storage: Assess the viability of on-site renewables, such as solar panel (PV) systems.

Obtain quotes and estimated generation capacity of solar systems at the school.

Solar Photovoltaic systems can be installed on the roof of the buildings subject to engineering and planning constraints.

If a 30kW system could be installed on the South facing roof of the Michael Fryan Theatre the estimated energy generated could be in the region of 30,500 kWh giving a reduction of approximately 10 tonnes of CO2e per annum

A full feasibility study would be required, the graph below shows the possible monthly output, a large percentage of the energy generated will be when the school is not operating at full capacity. Other factors to consider would be grid connection and energy consumption patterns of the buildings

Quotes should be obtained from reputable suppliers, the current energy supplier

TotalEnergies Gas & Power offer a solar solution that could be investigated in the first instance.

Utility suppliers:

TotalEnergies Gas & Power currently supply the energy to the school have committed to achieving Net Zero by 2050. The school should engage with TotalEnergies to investigate the ‘Green Gas’ option currently offered to reduce emissions in the short term. (see action plan section 3).

Examples of low-cost actions:

Drawing curtains on large windows; our thermal imaging report on a double-glazed patio door shows a 1.6°C difference in the heat transferred from the closed side and the open side.

Draughtproofing; the building has many places where draughts can be found. As up to 30% of heat can be lost in this way, it may be worth investigating measures to reduce the larger areas where draughts can enter

Reflective radiator panels. These fit on outside walls behind radiators and reflect heat into the room, therefore reducing the heat transfer from the building. Reflective panels are calculated to have an energy saving potential of 170kWh per square meter. As these are not aesthetically pleasing it is unlikely that they will be appropriate for every room.

6 Carbon Reduction Plan – Detailed Plan

The detailed carbon reduction plan provides clear initiatives to undertake over time, with shortterm initiatives being tackled first. In the longer term as new technology is developed and Government policy changes then the plan can flex to accommodate these changes.

6.1Carbon footprint and EMS ongoing management, review, and target setting.

Control

Short 1.1 Implement environmental policy and action plan. The Energy Saving Trust, Carbon Trust and other organisations provide guidance for managing school CO2 emissions.

Short 1.2 Raise awareness and consult with employees, pupils, suppliers and all other interested parties regarding CO2e emissions, energy consumption, and other environmental aspects.

Long 1.3 Embed CO2e reduction target setting into all processes within the school

Carbon footprint and EMS ongoing management, review and target setting.

Short 1.4 Appoint green champions/ ambassadors to assist with energy and resource management on a day-to-day basis. Consider ways to engage students in environmental learning projects in the classroom or on school grounds.

Short 1.5 Discuss ideas with senior staff to secure manager and other key staff engagement.

Short 1.6 Develop a structured training and CO2e awareness plan for staff.

Short 1.7 Ensure staff are aware of sustainability objectives, and train procurement staff to consider low carbon options where practical.

Influence

Short 1.8 Raise awareness with contractors and suppliers.

Medium 1.9 Include a review of all suppliers' and contractors’ carbon intensity.

Ongoing

Long 1.10 Continually review the action plan and include carbon footprint considerations.

Long 1.11 Continually identify relevant training and implement a training plan throughout the organisation.

6.2 Financial and Commercial

Short 2.1 Review commercial service supply chain, banks, insurance, accountancy, website, cloud hosting, training providers, software subscriptions, legal services, and other relevant suppliers.

Influence

Short 2.2 Raise awareness with procurement staff when reviewing or renewing contracts.

Short 2.3 Review sustainability of pension investments.

Short 2.4 Raise awareness with procurement staff when reviewing or renewing contracts.

Ongoing

Long 2.5 Continually review the supply chain and consider using suppliers offering the lowest CO2e options.

6.3 Facilities and school buildings

Control

Short 3.1 Ensure computers, copiers and display screens are set to optimum efficiency and switched off when not in use Review the energy consumption of the servers.

Short 3.2 Review the office and other equipment energy consumption. A PAT testing list will give details of the energy consumption of electrical equipment.

3.3 Complete an out-of-hours survey and review energy meter data to establish

3.4 Switch off campaign

Office Equipment

Medium 3.3 Review energy consumption and embodied CO2 as a criterion for future purchases.

Medium 3.4 Consider recycling and re-use options for office equipment when it is disposed of.

Medium 3.5 Regularly check and record accurate energy consumption data on an ongoing basis in order to measure changes.

Ongoing

Long 3.7 Consider IT lifecycle for future projects, can the equipment be repaired and re-used?

3.8 Consider building energy efficiency when planning any changes or upgrades in the future.

Control

Short 3.9 Review green energy tariffs to ensure they are the industry-leading options.

Influence

Energy Suppliers

Short 3.10 Review energy suppliers' sustainability credentials.

Short 3.11 Review supply chain energy supply contracts. Share learning with staff and other interested parties.

Short 3.12 Take meter readings in line with the read window schedule provided by TotalEnergy to ensure that accurate readings are taken (See 7.7)

Ongoing

Building Facilities

Medium 3.13 Review the meter readings and half-hourly data to establish patterns and spikes in consumption.

Medium 3.14 Continually review the market to ensure that renewable energy claims are valid.

Control

Short 3.15 Check for draughts and areas with low insulation levels.

Short 3.16 Review any available building infrastructure reports in conjunction with the carbon footprint.

Short 3.17 Replace older lighting with LED. Ensure lighting is not left on when not required.

Short 3.18 Provide guidance notices to staff on the general use of system controllers and the environment.

Short 3.19 Review the efficiency of the heating and cooling systems Check radiator valves are working efficiently, the systems are well maintained and the correct set points are used

Short 3.20 Install independent sub-metering to enable the accurate recording of electricity consumption

Medium 3.21 Review the EPC certificates for the properties leased to staff

The majority of the properties on Caversham Rd on the EPC register are E and F rating https://find-energy-certificate.service.gov.uk/find-acertificate/search-by-postcode?postcode=KT+2

Action could include solar PV, improved insulation, boiler upgrades, and installation of smart meters. Raising awareness of energy-saving actions. 3.22 Review room temperatures, reducing heating times by 1 hour per day could save 10%

Medium 3.23 Investigate the installation of onsite renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic cells on school properties.

Control

Facilities and Office Waste

Short 3.24 Conduct a waste audit in order to establish the volumes, types and final destination of waste generated. Contact the waste contractors, in many cases, they will be able to supply a full breakdown of the waste removed and their recycling rates.

Many waste contractors can provide data in order to establish the current situation

Control

Medium 3.25 "Consider the volume of Emails and cloud working / v teams chats. Depending on the length of the e-mail and the number of recipients, a single e-mail can contribute 17g of CO2. Influence

Facilities and Office

IT

Medium 3.26 Review IT systems and complete a carbon intensity audit.

Ongoing

Medium 3.27 Generic count on e-mails, review the requirement for a large number of e-mails.

Medium 3.28 Create an IT asset list in order to determine the current levels of equipment.

Medium 3.29 Review the list and plan to purchase low-energy alternatives in the future.

6.4 Procurement

Control Short 4.1 Engage with the supply chain to significantly reduce total emissions.

4.2 Ensure new contracts require suppliers to state their carbon footprint and have an action plan. Influence

Procurement

Medium 4.3 Complete a survey with key suppliers to determine the current status of their carbon awareness.

Medium 4.4 Support supply chain in order to help them manage footprint.

Ongoing Long 4.5 Implement a reduction plan.

4.6 Develop a consistent approach to data gathering throughout the supply chain.

4.7 Continually review best practices.

6.5 Catering

6.6 Travel

6.7 Sports Ground & Rowing Club

Control

Short 7.1 Continue to monitor diesel consumption

Short 7.2 Review the options to replace machinery with more efficient alternatives.

Short 7.3 Ensure staff are trained to use equipment as efficiently as possible.

Short 7.4 Review best practices for maintaining the grounds with maximum efficiency. For example, the ECB publishes guidance - How To Reduce Your Energy Consumption.

Short 7.6 Ensure the rowing club boats and coaching boat outboards are managed to reduce energy consumption and pollution risks. The Green Blue project provides excellent guidance.

Influence

Short 7.4 Continue to seek out innovative solutions such as seaweed instead of chemical solutions.

Short 7.5 Review the fate of the grass skips, does the waste go for composting?

Short 7.6 Review the waste collections to ensure bins are full when they are collected.

Ongoing

Long 7 7 Continually review the options to replace machinery with more efficient alternatives.

Control

Short 7 8 Continue to monitor energy consumption

Medium 7 9 Consider more efficient heating for the buildings. Review the options for retrofitting insulation and renewable energy generation to the current buildings.

Long 7.10 If any re-development is planned, ensure the best practice energy efficiency standards are specified.

Buildings

Influence

Medium 7 11 Work with the supply chain to reduce the footprint of purchases and maintenance.

Medium 7.12 Work with suppliers to establish the footprint of events such as weddings held at the site.

Ongoing

Medium 7.13 Consider renewable energy for the site. Energy-generating spin bikes and other equipment should be investigated.

6.8 Reduction action examples- pictures from the site visit

Comments

Pictures from the site visit Draughts: The main front door has several gaps as do some of the sash windows in the staff room

Draught reduction can have a significant impact on reducing energy consumption. Due to the age and construction of the London Rd building, care would be needed to ensure that the insulation products are used. Some companies specialise in old and listed building window door draughtproofing

The Energy Saving Trust state that; ‘Draught-proofing is one of the cheapest and most effective ways to save energy –and Money’.

Lighting was left on in internal and external corridors and rooms during the site visit.

Consider lighting controls or regular checks to ensure lights are not left on for long periods in unoccupied areas. Review lighting throughout the school and replaced it with LED over time.

Boiler room pipe insulation: The pictures above show examples of well-insulated valves and some valves and joints that are not insulated at the sites.

Valve insulation can be cost-effective as well as save emissions of CO2e. The surface area of a 2.5-inch valve is equal to approximately 5 feet of pipe. It was noted during the site visit that the small boiler room in the library had uninsulated valves, the room also had an air conditioning system.

There is a risk that the extra heat from the boiler will be compensated for by the extra energy consumed by the air conditioning system.

A schematic of the heating systems would enable the school to identify areas that can be improved

Example: Thermal images of an uninsulated joint and valve

Rowing club & Gym: Consider electricitygenerating spinning bikes and rowing machines when the current equipment is due for renewal.

Consider replacing old heaters with newer technologies such as infrared heating panels

Fridges & Freezers: Replace with more efficient versions when due for replacement, complete a review of their optimum running temperatures and have a checklist to ensure that they are working efficiently and at the correct temperature

Rowing club heaters

Lovekyn Chapel heaters

Check air conditioning service reports for leaks and gas losses.

An example of a fridge/ freezer thermometer

Raise awareness by using a colour-coded sticker system for sockets and switches

Use posters and other visual aids to highlight potential energy savings throughout the school.

Areas of glazing where potential improvements could be made

Green for equipment which should be switched off when not in use (ie televisions, computers, laptops, projectors and interactive whiteboards.)

Orange for equipment which should be switched off after checking that no one is using it (ie computers). • Red Do not touch. For equipment that should not be switched off (ie freezers or the main server).

Appendix A - Calculation Methodology

Carbon Emissions are calculated in accordance with the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) protocol using Carbon Conversion Factors issued annually by the,

• Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy,

• Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs and

• Office for National Statistics

Emissions consist of several atmospheric greenhouse gases which include Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), Methane (CH4), Nitrous oxide (N2O), Ozone O3, Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and Perfluorocarbons (PFCs). For simplicity of comparison, the global warming potential of all these gases is combined into Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (CO2e). All carbon emissions in this report are in CO2e units.

The formula for calculation is;

GHG emissions (tonnes CO2e) = activity data x emission conversion factor ÷ 1,000

The following is an example that shows a calculation for electricity. There are several causes of emissions from electricity, stated in total kg CO2e per kWh, these are:

These factors vary annually as grid efficiency and the percentage of renewable energy generated nationally change.

Appendix B - Documents and References Used in Calculation.

The calculations were carried out using mathematical models and the methodology defined in the Greenhouse Gas Protocol in particular;

GHG Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard and Scope 2 Guidance

GHG Scope 2 Guidance

GHG Technical Guidance for Calculating Scope 3 Emissions

The Carbon Conversion Factors are published annually by DEFRA on behalf of the UK government.

The data sources for the models used include:

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenhouse-gas-reporting-conversion-factors2021

https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/environmentalaccounts/datasets/ukenvironmentalaccounts atmosphericemissionsgreenhousegasemissionsbyeconomicsectorandgasunitedkingdom

This calculation forms the baseline for Kingston Grammar School’s future carbon strategy.

The Greenhouse Gas Protocol has been developed between The World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).

Greenhouse Gas Protocol | (ghgprotocol.org)

The calculations were performed using a specialist emission calculation tool aligned with the above protocols.

Appendix C - Example supplier questionnaire SUPPLIER ENVIRONMENTAL QUESTIONNAIRE

QUESTION

CARBON FOOTPRINT

1 Does the company measure its carbon emissions?

1a If so, what were emissions for the last financial year?

1b What was carbon intensity per £ turnover?

2 Is there a plan to reduce emissions?

3 Are emissions offset?

3a If so, is an accredited offsetting program used?

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

4 Is an accredited Environmental system in place (e.g. ISO 14001)?

5 Is an Environmental Policy in place and publicised?

ENERGY & WATER

6 Does the company monitor energy & water use?

Includingelectricity,gas,oil,andother fuel

7 Do you use a renewable energy provider?

TRANSPORT & TRAVEL

8 Is business travel mileage reported?

9 Is transport mileage monitored?

WASTE

10 Do you segregate waste?

11 Does the company produce hazardous waste?

12 Is waste disposal carried out by a licensed waste company?

13 Do you know the waste company's disposal policy?

%Recycled,landfilled,incinerated,etc

Appendix D - Glossary.

Term Description

Absolute Reduction

Base Year

The actual reduction in emissions

A historical datum (e.g., year) against which a company’s emissions are tracked over time.

Base Year Emissions GHG emissions in the base year.

Baseline

Business Travel

Capital Goods

A hypothetical scenario for what GHG emissions would have been in the absence of a GHG project or reduction activity.

Transportation of employees for business-related activities.

Final goods that have an extended life and are used by the company to manufacture a product, provide a service, or sell, store, and deliver merchandise. In financial accounting, Examples of capital goods include equipment, machinery, buildings, facilities, and vehicles.

Carbon Footprint

Carbon Intensity

Carbon Neutral

The total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by an individual, event, organization, service, place or product, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e).

A measure of carbon emission against a variable of business operations such as turnover, output or staff.

A measure of the carbon emissions that are emitted over the full life cycle of a product or service and usually expressed as grams of CO2-e.

Circular Economy

CO2e

CO2 Equivalent

Direct Emissions

Downstream Emissions

Embodied Carbon

Emission Factor

A circular economy tries to break that cycle of make-usedispose with adaptive reuse

The universal unit of measurement to indicate the global warming potential (GWP) of each greenhouse gas, expressed in terms of the GWP of one unit of CO 2

Emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by the reporting company.

Indirect GHG emissions from sold goods and services.

The emissions that result from the entire project

A factor that converts activity data into GHG emissions data (e.g., kg CO2e emitted per litre of fuel consumed, kg CO2e emitted per Kilometer travelled, etc.).

Employee Commuting Transportation of employees between their homes and their worksites.

Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)

A document that quantifiably demonstrates the environmental impacts of a product.

Term Description

Equity Share Approach

Extrapolated Data

Global Warming Potential

A consolidation approach whereby a company accounts for GHG emissions from operations according to its share of equity in the operation.

Data from a similar process or activity that is used as a standin for the given process or activity and has been customized to be more representative of the given process or activity.

A factor describing the radiative forcing impact (degree of harm to the atmosphere) of (GWP) one unit of a given GHG relative to one unit of CO2

Greenhouse Gas

Gasses contributing to global warming. Seven gases, carbon dioxide (CO2); methane (CH4); nitrous oxide (N2O); hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs); perfluorocarbons (PFCs); sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3).

Greenhouse Gas Inventory

Greenwashing

Indirect Emissions

A quantified list of an organization’s GHG emissions and sources.

PR tactic used to make a company or product appear environmentally friendly, without meaningfully reducing its environmental impact.

Emissions that are a consequence of the activities of the reporting company but occur at sources owned or controlled by another company.

Indirect GHG Emissions

Emissions that are a consequence of the operations of the reporting company, but occur at sources owned or controlled by another company. This includes Scope 2 and Scope 3.

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

Location-Based Method

Total emissions from the inputs and outputs throughout a product’s life cycle. From the moment it was created to the moment it has decayed.

A method to quantify Scope 2 GHG emissions based on average energy generation emission factors for defined locations.

Market-Based

A method to quantify Scope 2 GHG emissions based on GHG emissions emitted by the generators from which the reporter contractually purchases electricity.

Net Zero

Offsetting

A state in which the greenhouse gases going into the atmosphere are balanced by removal from the atmosphere.

The action or process of compensating for carbon dioxide emissions arising from industrial or other human activity, by participating in schemes designed to make equivalent reductions of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Proxy Data

Data from a similar process or activity that is used as a standin for the given process or activity without being customized to be more representative of the given process or activity.

Term Description

Reporting Year The year for which emissions are reported.

Scope 1 Emissions Emissions from operations that are owned or controlled by the reporting company.

Scope 2 Emissions Indirect emissions from the generation of purchased or acquired electricity,

Scope 3 Emissions All indirect emissions (not included in Scope 2) that occur in the value chain of the reporting company, including both upstream and downstream emissions.

Secondary Data Data that is not from specific activities within a company’s value chain.

Supply Chain A network of organizations (e.g., manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) involved in the production, delivery, and sale of a product to the consumer.

Upstream Emissions Indirect GHG emissions from purchased or acquired goods and services.

Value Chain all of the upstream and downstream activities associated with the operations of the reporting company, including the use of sold products by consumers and the end-of-life treatment of sold products after consumer use.

Value Chain Emissions Emissions from the upstream and downstream activities associated with the operations of the reporting company.

Waste An output of a process that has no market value.