The King’s Peer Review
CONTENTS
Editor’s Welcome 4 Overview 5 Theme 1: Work, Health, and Family 6 Theme 2: Literature, History, and Culture
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Theme 3: Law, Politics, and Social Justice
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Theme 4: Philosophy, Religion, and Spirituality 60 Theme 5: Science, Education, and Metrics 71 Additions and Corrections
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Editors Welcome
Welcome colleagues to the inaugural edition of The King’s Peer Review! Over the next several pages you will have the chance to preview over 100 different publications – books, chapters, and articles – that were published by full-time faculty members here at King’s during the 2016-2017 academic year. We hope that you find it an interesting and enjoyable read. The King’s Peer Review is the brainchild of Dr. Joseph Michalski, the Associate Academic Dean and Chair of the Faculty Research Activities Committee (FRAC). One of the mandates of FRAC is to ‘encourage and promote research and scholarship at King’s, and to raise the research profile of our faculty in the public sphere.’ Before we can promote ongoing research at King’s, we have to know about it; as such, we have launched The King’s Peer Review with several goals in mind. The first, and perhaps most important, goal is to recognize and celebrate the breadth and depth of research undertaken by our talented group of scholars. The King’s Peer Review provides a much-needed platform with which to share our research amongst each other. As our themes illustrate, the research 4
conducted here at King’s reflects a wide range of passions and interests… there truly is something for everyone! We encourage you to poke around a bit, explore, and be inspired by the range of research topics and approaches covered here. We don’t simply want to look backwards in celebration, however, but also to the future. A second goal then is to stimulate conversation and ultimately collaboration on new research projects. To that end, we have grouped faculty research not by departmental area, but rather by broad themes. We did so to facilitate searching and exploring across topics, as well as to encourage you to identify new potential research collaborators and ideas that push beyond departmental boundaries.
Finally, we hope that The King’s Peer Review will be of interest not only to our current faculty, but also to students, alumni, and even potential new faculty during the recruiting process. By creating and maintaining a centralized repository of our research activities via The King’s Peer Review, we can ensure that we have the ability to promote our diverse scholarship to all key stakeholders. Developing The King’s Peer Review has taken many hours of work, and we would like to thank in particular the help of Melissa Jones in the Academic Dean’s Office, Jane Antoniak and Nikki Sasso Mitchell in Communications for their assistance throughout the process. We hope you enjoy learning more from, and about, your colleagues and their research interests, and help us all recognize and celebrate the quality research being done right here at King’s. Warm regards, Jennifer Jeffrey Assistant Professor, EBM
Joe Michalski Associate Academic Dean
Overview As a means of fostering collaboration and encouraging you to explore, The King’s Peer Review has been divided into five broad themes: Work, Health, and Family; Literature, History, and Culture; Law, Politics, and Social Justice; Philosophy, Religion, and Spirituality; and Science, Education, and Metrics. Within each theme articles are presented in alphabetical order according to author – and include both an abridged publication title and condensed abstract. In cases where we did not receive an abstract from an author, we have tried to find a suitable alternative. Thus the content included here reflects our best efforts to capture and retain the key elements associated with every publication. In addition to the articles and abstracts, each theme also includes two ‘Researcher Spotlights.’ In these spotlights, our colleagues reflect on their projects, areas of research interest, and sources of inspiration, providing additional insights to the various themes and their own views as to ‘why research matters.’ 5
Theme 1:
Work, Health and Family The theme encompasses one of the more fertile areas for cross-disciplinary research, as several faculty members from King’s have examined a diverse array of health and safety-related issues. Furthermore, nearly all of the publications – which span the social sciences, humanities, social work, and business perspectives – deal directly with or have implications for family life.
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Dr. Laura BĂŠres Associate Professor, School of Social Work lberes2@uwo.ca Narrative Therapy Ideas and Practices for Working with Addictions The key aspects of Narrative Therapy are described as they relate to professional practice with people attempting to gain control over addictions that are impacting their lives. Since Narrative Therapy is often described as a postmodern and social constructionist therapy these philosophical underpinnings are examined as they impact on the therapeutic posture of a Narrative practitioner. This leads into an examination of the power of social discourses regarding alcohol and addictions followed by specific practice skills which can assist people in moving away from totalizing and pathologizing accounts of their identity, opening up preferred ways of thinking about themselves and acting in the world.
Dr. Rachel Birnbaum Professor, School of Social Work rbirnbau@uwo.ca
Impact of Addiction on Parenting Post Separation This chapter describes the purpose and nature of a child custody and access assessment to provide context to a differentiated approach focusing on addiction. An ecological framework is used to provide for a differentiated child custody assessment when one or both parents has an addiction issue and is involved in a child custody dispute to understand how addiction and different systems (individual, family, community and broader social structures), impede, enhance and interact with one another on parenting in separating and divorcing families. The author argues that all three lenses, biological, psychological and social, must be brought to bear on the family when examining addiction in post separated families.
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Dr. Tara Bruno Associate Professor, Department of Sociology tfidler3@uwo.ca The Treatment of Adolescent Substance Abuse In the book Responding to the Oppression of Addiction: Canadian Social Work Perspectives, social work practitioners, theorists, and researchers offer new perspectives on the meaning, role, and history of addiction in our society and the construction of illicit drug use as a social problem. Some of the contributors discuss assessment tools and therapeutic programs being employed today in the treatment of addicted individuals.
Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol and Cannabis Among Ontario Students This article describes the patterns of self-reported driving under the influence of alcohol (DUIA) and driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) among licensed Ontario students in 2009 and examines their associations with graduated licensing, risk taking, and substance use problems for understanding DUIA and DUIC behaviors. Multivariate analyses suggested that risk-seeking behaviors were more important for understanding DUIA behavior than for DUIC behavior. Though much attention has been paid to drinking and driving among adolescents, this research shows that more Ontario students now report driving after cannabis use than after drinking alcohol. The results identify important correlates of both behaviors that may be useful for prevention purposes.
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Dr. Darcy Harris Associate Professor, Department of Interdisciplinary Programs Darcy.Harris@uwo.ca Family Therapy and Traumatic Losses The topic of death and related issues (such as grief) often begin with questions. When the questions come from, or are about, children or adolescents, they bring an additional component...the fear some adults have of giving a “wrong” answer. In this context a wrong answer is one that can cause more harm than good for the child or adolescent who asked the question. Dr. Harris contributes a chapter to Children, Adolescents, and Death: Questions and Answers, a volume that helps address the death-related questions from children and adolescents. It also looks at questions from caring adults about the way children or adolescents view death and the grief that follows a death or any major loss.
A Critical Look at Trauma and its Treatment
Dr. Harris contributes two chapters to The Handbook of Traumatic Loss, a volume that adopts a broad, holistic approach that recognizes traumatic loss much more fully as a multidimensional human phenomenon, not simply a medical condition. Initial chapters build a foundation for understanding traumatic loss and explore the many ways we respond to trauma. Later chapters counterbalance the individualistic focus of dominant approaches to traumatic loss by highlighting a number of thought-provoking social dimensions of traumatic loss. Each chapter emphasizes different aspects of traumatic loss and argues for ways in which clinicians can help deal with its many and varied impacts. Dr. Harris’s chapters focus on ‘Trauma and its Treatment’ and ‘Family Therapy and Traumatic Losses’.
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The Case for Sociology of Death, Dying, and Bereavement Dying, death, and bereavement do not occur in a social vacuum. How individuals and groups experience these phenomena will be largely influenced by the social context in which they occur. To develop an adequate understanding of dying, death, and bereavement we therefore need to incorporate a sociological perspective into our analysis. This article examines why a sociological perspective is necessary and explores various ways in which sociology can be of practical value in both intellectual and professional contexts. A case study comparing psychological and sociological perspectives is offered by way of illustration.
Dr. John Heng Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy jheng@uwo.ca
Promoting Mental Health
Everyone should be concerned about promoting mental health. This statement proposes a shared medical and Christian ethical framework for promoting mental health. The statement affirms that mental health should be understood holistically to take into account interactions among the biological, psycho-affective, social and spiritual aspects of human beings; the social and environmental determinants of health; and the need of human beings to find meaning and value in their lives. It also asserts that mental health is a basic human good, and care should be supported and promoted as vigorously as physical health care.
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The Value of Palliative Care In an increasing number of countries and other jurisdictions, the law permits physician assistance in suicide and/or euthanasia under certain conditions. What should health care providers and facilities that affirm the inviolability and intrinsic dignity of human life do under these circumstances? This statement is intended as a starting point for discussions and as a guide for care practices.
Prof. Dermot Hurley Associate Professor, School of Social Work Dermot.Hurley@kings.uwo.ca Resilience, Mental Health and Assertive Community Treatment Clinicians try to promote resilience by building an effective therapeutic relationship with their clients. Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is an established approach for providing services to individuals with severe mental illness who have not fared well in the regular mental health system. This work underscores the importance of a resilient therapeutic relationship in preventing relapse and assuring adherence to therapeutic outcomes. Persistent psychiatric illness takes a toll on the resilience of the client, while the relationship work takes a toll on the resilience of the clinician. This article explores the concept of relational resilience between clinician and client as a dynamic process of shared success and failure, progress and regression through cycles of crisis, stabilization, relapse, and partial recovery. This is a qualitative study exploring how ACT clinicians promote and sustain resilience and is based on interviews with social workers, nurses, occupational and recreational therapists, coordinators, and psychiatrists.
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Dr. Jennifer Jeffrey Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Business, and Mathematics jjeffr3@uwo.ca Boosting Safety Behaviour Campaigns advocating behavioural changes often employ social norms as a motivating technique. Descriptive norms are easy to process and understand, and provide a heuristic to guide behaviour in those individuals who lack the interest to reflect on an advocated behaviour more deeply. Given these low-involvement consumers are often the primary target of health campaigns, simple and effective techniques for reaching them is important. We examine booster seat use amongst parents and find that incorporating positive descriptive norms into safety campaign is particularly impactful for the segment that reports low involvement in the topic of booster seat safety.
Dr. Joseph Michalski Associate Professor, Department of Sociology Joseph.Michalski@kings.uwo.ca Mental Health Issues and the Canadian Criminal Justice System Critics assert that many incarcerated individuals have mental health issues. This paper reviews scholarly literature to address five questions: (1) What risks do “mentally ill” individuals pose for committing crimes? (2) What happens during their first encounters with the police? (3) What community services are available as alternatives to incarceration? (4) How do treatment options impact those experiencing mental illnesses while incarcerated? (5) What pre-release planning and community responses are most effective to reduce recidivism and assist offenders? The paper provides exemplars of “best practices” conducive to integrated responses at the intersection of the criminal justice and mental health systems. 12
Dr. Bharati Sethi Assistant Professor, School of Social Work bsethi3@uwo.ca Healing through Group Work This article describes authors experiences of facilitating a diverse group in a midsized urban-rural region. The author discusses the complexity of group norms and offers her experiences and insights in facilitating various groups with diverse demographic characteristics.
Health Experiences of Immigrant Visible Minority Women
This literature review on the health experiences of visible minority women is based on a critical review of the international English language peer-reviewed publications from 1980 to 2011. The overall goal was to gather understanding of immigrant women’s employment and health experiences. The key findings from the review specific to health are: (a) There is variation in definition and meaning of health across cultures; (b) Immigrant visible minority women experience several barriers to accessing healthcare services including discrimination; (c) There is a paradigm clash between Western bio-medical principles and Eastern holistic approach to health. Social work practice implications are discussed. 13
Visible Minority Immigrant Women’s Experiences with Domestic Violence The purpose of this exploratory and qualitative research was to better understand the personal experiences of visible minority immigrant women seeking help with domestic violence (DV) in Southern Ontario, Canada. In-depth interviews were carried out with two survivors of DV and three DV professionals: their personal and professional experiences with DV as it affects visible minority immigrant women were explored. The results indicate the various barriers visible minority immigrant women who are experiencing DV, may face when they try to seek help and support. Study implications for policy and practice are discussed and recommendations provided.
Microaggressions of Caregiver Employees
This paper presents limited findings on microaggressions and racism from a larger study that examined the employment experiences of immigrant/refugee caregiver-employees working in the health sector. The study utilized qualitative interviews of thirteen women to capture the experiences of participants in a medium-sized region made up of both urban and rural areas in southern Ontario. Intersectionality and constructivist grounded theory provided the theoretical and analytical framework for the study. Participants’ narratives capture multiple experiences of overt and aversive racism as their everyday reality. Study findings highlight the urgency of social workers to take an active role in combating racism through anti-racist organizing and diversity training.
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Availability of Caregiver Friendly Workplace Policies The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the availability of Caregiver Friendly Workplace Policies (CFWP’s) within workplaces on an international scale while being observant of how gender is implicated in care-giving. This paper followed the Arksey & O’Malley (2005) methodology for conducting scoping reviews. The authors applied an iterative method of determining study search strings, study inclusion and data extraction, and qualitative thematic analysis of the search results. Four main qualitative themes were identified: (i) Diversity and Inclusiveness, (ii) Motivation, (iii) Accessibility, and (iv) Workplace Culture. Policy recommendations are discussed.
Dr. Tracy Smith-Carrier Associate Professor, School of Social Work tsmithca@uwo.ca Patients Experiences Receiving Home-Based Primary Care in Ontario Home-based primary care (HBPC) is increasingly being promoted as a promising model that takes into account the accessibility needs of frail older adults, ensuring that they receive more appropriate primary and community care. There remains a paucity of literature exploring patients’ experiences with HBPC programmes. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of patients accessing HBPC delivered by interprofessional teams, and their perspectives on the facilitators and barriers to this model of care in Ontario, Canada. Using certain grounded theory principles, we conducted an inductive qualitative content analysis of in-depth patient interviews (n = 26) undertaken in the winter of 2013 across seven programme sites exploring the lived experiences and perspectives of participants receiving HBPC.
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Researcher Spotlights Dr. Ana Ning Associate Professor, Department of Sociology aning@uwo.ca
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I am an enthusiastic teacherscholar with an interdisciplinary commitment to academic excellence at the confluence of Sociology and Anthropology. My past, present, and future research programs combine theoretical inquiry and empirical research with broader application in public policy and clinical settings. My research expertise and interests are in two main areas: 1) addiction and mental health; and 2) biomedicine and complementary/alternative medicine (CAM). In particular, I have directly engaged with diverse theoretical perspectives to shed light on and interrogate contradictory policies and practices in mainstream (biomedical) and alternative (e.g. harm reduction, complementary and traditional medicine) treatment settings. At the same time, I have used my own research at these settings to expand upon critical, feminist, and postmodernist theories, as well as science and technology studies. My current research, teaching, and publishing activities continue to uphold my commitment to integrate academic and community needs. In my work, I always emphasize the relevance of theory in helping us gain a bigger picture of what is happening around us. I
usually compare theory to a set of binoculars that allows us to have an enlarged and clearer picture of our experiences and activities in the world. Just as looking through binoculars can provide new insights on a hike through the woods, the world we already know (and sometimes take for granted) can actually look very different through the lens of particular theories. I recognize that theory does not directly cure diseases, decrease infant mortality, or care for people in distress. Theory can, however, allow us to understand the intended and unintended consequences of action and inaction in dealing with the complexity of human experiences. By engaging myself and others in critical self-reflection, I seek to take a step back and reflect more deeply on what appears to be already known about issues, as if for the first time: the so-called “opioid crisis� and the presumed naturalness and primacy of bioscience over traditional medicine. Having a deeper understanding of why certain issues exist as they do and how they occur can provide the basis for prediction of their (re) occurrence, along with informing meaningful intervention efforts.
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Publications (2016-2017) 1. Ning, Ana. 2017. “Embodied Sites, Gendered Spaces: Implications of Ethnographic Work ‘At Home’.” The International Journal of Diverse Identities 17(1): 19-34. Abstract: This article interrogates traditional anthropological tropes of faraway fieldwork through a reflection on the author’s field study “at home” in Toronto, Canada as an embodied process. Taking embodiment as the starting point for field research reveals the strengths of using emotions in fieldwork experiences. The author also considers the limitations of the anthropological tropes of cultural shock, cultural naïveté, and the viewing of informants as repositories of knowledge that the anthropologist transforms into data. By focusing on narratives of lived experiences and participants as critical commentators, this article challenges others to engage in a rethinking of the role of the anthropologist in a culture of expertise and professionalization of knowledge. 2. Ning, Ana. 2017. “Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners’ Constructions of ‘Hard’ and ‘Soft’ Evidence in the Treatment of Fertility Issues: Opportunities and Challenges.” Pp. 202-222 in Complementary, Alternative and Traditional Medicine: Prospects and Challenges for Women’s Reproductive Health, edited by C. Torri and J. Hornosty. Toronto: Canadian Scholar’s Press/Women’s Press. Abstract: This chapter is an ethnographic account of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners’ constructions of appropriate evidence bases of their practices in two Canadian provinces (British Columbia and Ontario), in the context of TCM’s unique position as a state-regulated health profession in these settings. It focuses on TCM practitioners’ opportunities and challenges in combining encompassing types of “hard” (bio-scientific) and “soft” (experiential) evidence bases in the area of reproductive health. By shedding light on a broader conceptual framework beyond the ongoing emphasis on a single bio-scientific base to assess the validity of any therapeutic modality, this chapter illuminates the possibility of a symmetrical and integrative health care system in which the contributions of different epistemologies meet diverse health care needs.
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Researcher Spotlights Dr. Wendy Ellis Associate Professor, Department of Psychology wendy.ellis@uwo.ca
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I began teaching at King’s University College in 2006 in the Department of Psychology. I completed my undergraduate degree from Memorial University in Newfoundland, my Masters of Arts from Brock University, and my PhD in Developmental Psychology from Western University. After graduating, I worked for two years as a postdoctorate fellow at the CAMH Center for Prevention Sciences in London, Ontario. My research interests span a range of topics related to social development in childhood and adolescence. My main research focus has been on friend and group influence and documenting the processes through which groups influence their members in both positive (e.g., prosocial behaviour, academic achievement) and negative (e.g., deviant behaviour, aggression) domains. It has been long assumed that “birds of a feather flock together,” yet we still do not understand how friends exploit this power. To address this research gap, I designed several observational studies to watch children interact in their day-to-day peer groups. Although these techniques are quite
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labour intensive, my colleagues and I have documented many important processes in children’s groups and have noted the salient roles of group status and climate in the enforcement of group norms. Stemming from this research on children’s friendships, I have also begun to explore the role of friends in other worrisome areas, including bullying and dating violence. I have found that there is considerable overlap between developmental contexts. Most recently, I have been working with my students to design studies on cyberdating abuse and deceptive on-line behaviours. Over the years, I have also developed connections with our local schools to communicate these research findings. The implications for this work suggest that teaching healthy relationship skills throughout childhood and adolescents is critical for long-term adjustment and emerging romantic relationships. Moreover, understanding the social nuances of children’s relationships will allow for more effective prevention programming.
Publications (2016-2017) 1. Chen, Xinyin, Junsheng Liu, Wendy Ellis, and Lynne Zarbatany. 2016. “Social Sensitivity and Adjustment in Chinese and Canadian Children.” Child Development 87(4): 1115-1129. Abstract: This study examined relations of social sensitivity to socioemotional and school adjustment in Chinese and Canadian children. Participants were fourth- to eighth-grade students in China (n = 723) and Canada (n = 568). The analyses revealed that the pattern of relations between social sensitivity and indexes of adjustment differed in the two countries. Social sensitivity was negatively associated with social and school adjustment and positively associated with psychological distress in Canadian children. However, social sensitivity was positively associated with school competence and psychological well-being in Chinese children. Children’s social sensitivity may have different functional meanings in Chinese and North American societies. 2. Ellis, Wendy, Lynne Zarbatany, Xinyin Chen, Megan Kinal, and Lisa Boyko. 2017. “Peer Groups as a Context for School Misconduct: The Moderating Role of Group Interactional Style.” Child Development (January): DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12722. Abstract: Peer group interactional style was examined as a moderator of peer group school misconduct and group members’ school misconduct. Participants (in 148 peer groups) reported on their misconduct in fall and spring (N=705, Mage = 11.59 years, SD = 1.37). In the winter, group members were observed completing two different tasks, and negative and positive group interactional styles were assessed. Multilevel modeling indicated that membership in groups higher on school misconduct predicted greater school misconduct only when groups were high on negative or low on positive interactional style. Results suggest that negative laughter and coercive interactional styles may intensify group effects.
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3. Zhao, Siman, Xinyin Chen, Wendy Ellis, and Lynne Zarbatany. 2016. “Affiliation with Socially Withdrawn Groups and Children’s Social and Psychology Adjustment.” Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 44(7): 1279-1290. Abstract: This study examined relations of social sensitivity to socioemotional and school adjustment in Chinese and Canadian children. Participants were fourth- to eighth-grade students in China (n = 723) and Canada (n = 568). The analyses revealed that the pattern of relations between social sensitivity and indexes of adjustment differed in the two countries. Social sensitivity was negatively associated with social and school adjustment and positively associated with psychological distress in Canadian children. However, social sensitivity was positively associated with school competence and psychological well-being in Chinese children. Children’s social sensitivity may have different functional meanings in Chinese and North American societies.
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Theme 2:
Literature, History, and Culture The papers here represent mainly literary and historical texts that explore their subject matter and related discourses in their cultural contexts. These works animate the human experience in vivid fictional and non-fictional accounts that challenge the reader to imagine the living conditions of other times and places, or at least to appreciate the artistic renderings of keen observers.
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Dr. Adam Bohnet Associate Professor, Department of History abohnet@uwo.ca Lies, Rumours, and Sino-Korean Relations: The Pseudo-Fujianese Incident of 1687 In 1687, a man calling himself Yu Yölli was discovered begging from the common people of Chido garrison in Chölla Province by pretending to be a Chinese castaway. Although the Chosön court eventually established that he was lying, it took a full month to come to this conclusion, despite what seems at times to have been a very flimsily constructed identity on Yu’s part. This article argues that he succeeded because he effectively reproduced the established Ming Loyalist narrative of the Chosön court, and also because of his initial location in the unstable and uncertain world of the southwestern islands. His lies, for this reason, are very useful for understanding the ideological presuppositions of late Chosön society.
Dr. Coby Dowdell Associate Professor, Department of English, French, and Writing cdowdel2@uwo.ca Conduct, Domestic Deliberation, and the Eighteenth-Century Female Recluse This essay considers the cultural relevance of fables of female reclusion during the American post-revolutionary period, and it argues that these fables offer the useful fantasy of a single woman who voluntarily practices the domestic reclusion expected of the republican wife. The repeated trope of reclusion figures both the spatial confinement of the post-revolutionary wife within the home and the epistemological confinement of women’s intellectual freedom to questions of courtship, matrimony, and maternity. While one is tempted to see the female recluse as a woman who valiantly resists the limited options afforded women during the period, eighteenth-century narratives of female reclusion reinforce conservative ideologies of femininity. 24
Dr. Eric Jarvis Associate Professor, Department of History ejarvis@uwo.ca Reactions to the Arrest and Show Trial of Cardinal Joseph Mindszenty of Hungary The article discusses American responses to the trial and arrest of anti-communist Hungarian Catholic martyr Cardinal Joseph Mindszenty in Hungary during Cold War years of 1948 and 1949. An overview of American Catholics’ protests over Mindszenty’s trial, including petitions created by anti-Communist Cardinal Francis Spellman, is provided.
Dr. Krista Lysack Associate Professor, Department of English, French, and Writing klysack@uwo.ca Found in Every Room: Victorian Devotional Literature Research appears as a chapter in The Routledge Companion to Literature and Religion, a unique and comprehensive volume that looks at the study of literature and religion from a contemporary critical perspective. Including discussion of global literature and world religions, this Companion looks at key moments in the story of religion and literary studies, different ways that religion and literature are connected, analysis of key sacred texts and the way they have been studied, re-written, and questioned by literature, and political implications of work on religion and literature. Thoroughly introduced and contextualised, this volume is an engaging introduction to this huge and complex field. 25
Dr. Susan Small Associate Professor, Department of English, French, and Writing susan.small@uwo.ca Flesh and Death in Early Modern Bedburg Bedburg, Germany, October 31, 1589. Convicted werewolf, Peeter Stubbe, is put on the rack, flayed, dismembered, decapitated, and burned at the stake. His execution is an act of erasure as brutal and as absolute as that of the crimes it is designed to redress. Like incest, rape, murder, and cannibalism, it despoils and lays waste to the body, and razes the border between self and other; like witchcraft, it plays out as spectacle and illusion. This paper will suggest that Peeter Stubbe’s flaying falls at the point of juncture between the reality of flesh and the simulacrum of its erasure.
Dr. Paul Werstine Professor, Department of English, French, and Writing werstine@uwo.ca Richard II
As the basis for our text of Richard II we chose the 1597 First Quarto. It is the earliest surviving text and is the basis of all others. However, it does not contain a passage, usually called “The Deposition Scene,” in 4.1, for which the basis of our text is the printing of Richard II in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies of 1623, now known as the First Folio. Richard II was a popular book; it went through four more editions in quarto before its appearance in the First Folio.
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A Midsummer Night’s Dream As the basis for our text of A Midsummer Night’s Dream we chose the 1600 First Quarto. It is the earliest surviving text and is the basis of all others. It was reprinted as a quarto in 1619. A typical reprint, the 1619 quarto corrects a number of the typographical errors in the 1600 version but introduces more of its own. The printing of A Midsummer Night’s Dream in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies of 1623, now known as the First Folio, is almost entirely a reprint of the extant 1619 quarto.
Authorial Revision in the Tragedies In 1987 Gary Taylor wrote that “although all previous editions have been based on the unexamined belief that Shakespeare did not revise his work, all future editions should be, and I believe will be, based on the recognition that he habitually did.” However, evidence of a great deal of editorial consideration of revision over the centuries lies unregarded in the pages of H. H. Furness’s New Variorum editions of Hamlet, Lear, Romeo and Juliet, and Othello. Arguments for revision have largely failed to stand up to scrutiny. The sheer volume and the bewildering variety of difference between quarto and Folio versions of some of the tragedies presents an enduring challenge to editors that is not likely soon to be met to the satisfaction of the many.
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Researcher Spotlights Dr. Graham Broad Associate Professor, Department of History gbroad@uwo.ca
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I became an historian to satisfy my curiosity about the past. I believe that the study of history is, like listening to music, looking at art, or eating good food, a source of delight in itself. This is one reason why I am reticent to connect my research to such lofty goals as attaining social justice, or to link my teaching to outcomes such as “producing transferable skills that are of value in the job market.” The greatest value is in studying the thing for its own sake. Having said that, I believe that a sense of history, and in particular some understanding of how historians go about doing their research, is a useful thing for anyone to have. It’s part of a course in intellectual self-defense. By this, I don’t mean that people who study history would have at hand a bill of historical facts, committed to memory and ready to deploy the moment they’re confronted with an error – although that would not be a bad thing. Rather, I mean that since history is complicated, with causes and consequences that are never as simple as politicians, pundits, ideologues, and conspiracy theorists would have us believe, it is important to study to assist in navigating our chaotic media environment. Our political leaders, ideologically driven journalists, and radicals from all sides of the political spectrum often frame their arguments in historical terms. Yet they frequently misuse and abuse historical analogies for their own purposes, if indeed they understand
the analogies in the first place. As an historian of war and conflict, for instance, I am often alarmed by the ways in which politicians have, since 9/11, used half-formed ideas about “appeasement” to discourage negotiated settlements in favour of military options. Yet I am as often discouraged by such demonstrably falsifiable claims as “war never solves anything.” Tell that to those who suffered under Nazi occupation in the Second World War, who are alive because others used force to liberate them. Again: if there’s a lesson of history, it’s that things are complicated. So while I write books to satisfy my own curiosity and I publish them because I hope other people will be interested in them too. I have good reason to hope that some of them will be. A quick look down today’s bestseller list in the Globe and Mail reveals several works of history and historical fiction. Movies, television, theatre, and video games all take history as their source of inspiration. People seem to have a hunger to know more about the past. This is one-way history differs from most other academic disciplines: it attracts a large number of non-specialists. You don’t meet many amateur demographers or cognitive science “buffs”, but you do meet history “buffs” and hobbyists who know their stuff. I write my books with that audience in mind: the ordinary person who is curious about the past. And I am one of them. 29
Publications (2016-2017) 1. Broad, Graham. 2017. One in a Thousand: The Life and Death of Captain Eddie McKay, Royal Flying Corps. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Abstract: One in a Thousand tells two stories: the story of Eddie McKay, a Western student who fought as a pilot in the First World War, and the story of how I wrote that story. History is more methodologically sophisticated than it is reputed to be, but it is seldom is methodologically explicit. This work lays bare the theoretical and methodological problems I faced as an historian when writing McKay’s biography.
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Researcher Spotlights Dr. Ian Rae
Associate Professor, Department of English, French, and Writing irae@uwo.ca
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I conduct research because it is the bedrock of university teaching. Universities differ from most other educational institutions in that professors, collectively, produce the knowledge they teach, rather than simply disseminating information generated elsewhere. Professors, at least in my fields of literature and Canadian Studies, do not work from fixed curricula or teaching manuals. Sure, there are canonical texts and common anthologies, but only professors and students decide which texts to read and how to read them. Every course and every reading are their own invention. This creative freedom brings with it the imperative to conduct research. To be producers, we need to know what has already been said about our chosen texts; we need to explore diverse viewpoints in order to challenge our presumptions and discover our blind spots in the interpretation of these texts; and we need to understand the literary and sociocultural contexts that influence the writing, reception, and circulation of these texts. Lectures, books, journal publications, reviews, manuscript assessments, and grant applications are the most tangible outcomes of this research process. Scholars outside of the university system also generate such publications but professors devote roughly a third of their year to them. Sadly, the public often misunderstands this labour and presumes that professors “have the summer off” or “just read for fun.” 32
It is fun—professors look forward to “getting some research done.” But it is also rigorous intellectual work and the reason why universities continue to exist in a world of near-infinite digital duplication and diffusion of information. We do what Google cannot. University classes, in turn, train students to produce knowledge themselves by contributing insights to classroom discussions, generating theses for term papers, critiquing the established body of research on exams, and converting theory into action through community projects. One cannot quantify the most valuable aspects of this humanities training: the way that it develops students’ critical capacities and helps them to fashion their adult identities and reimagine their communities. But the distinction between producer and consumer or distributor is increasingly a measurable, economic one that will affect the students’ future adaptability in the job market and their long-term earning potential. It is also a national one, as Canada works its way out of colonial relationships with Britain, France, and the United States, in which we trade wheat for iron, cod for cars, trees for movies, oil for computers—a system of exchange that degrades the environment, displaces Indigenous populations, undervalues Canadian labour, and makes Canada a market for goods produced elsewhere.
Writing our own books, plays, and screenplays, as well as generating criticism that highlights the strengths and weaknesses of these literary productions, has proven to be a very effective way to transform our personal, economic, and national lives. Although it is difficult to determine the long-term impact of any publication (e.g., note the recent television adaptation of Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, a novel published three decades ago), we know conclusively that research combined with creativity is a recipe for success in the information economy of the twenty-first century and its cultural milieu.
Publications (2017-2018) 1. Rae, Ian, and Jessica Thom. 2016. “The Rise and Fall of the Stratford International Film Festival.” Canadian Journal of Film Studies 25(1). Abstract: This paper will investigate the diverse factors involved in the founding of the Stratford International Film Festival in 1956, its cancellation in 1961, its return in 1971, and its final cancellation in 1976. Examining the trials and tribulations of Canada’s first international festival for feature films will contribute to the growing body of criticism that investigates how film festivals operate at the intersection of competing cultural, political, and economic agendas. 2. Rae, Ian, and Sandra Smeltzer. 2016. “The Stratford Anomaly and Canadian Cultural Clusters.” Topia: Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies 36 (Fall): http://topia.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/topia/article/ view/40378. Abstract: This article examines the anomalous status of Stratford, Ontario, as the city with the highest percentage of arts-related employment per capita in Canada and as the home of North America’s largest classical theatre, the Stratford Festival (SF). This small city’s diverse cultural achievements are not accidents of history, but rather effects of a civic tradition that connects citizenship to cultural infrastructure in the interest of developing an amenity-rich city. To illustrate this point, the authors review the literature on cultural clusters as it pertains to small cities, show how Stratford differs from the statistical norms, then demonstrate how Stratford’s history of financial, political and social investment in cultural infrastructure undergirded the founding of the SF in 1953.
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3. Rae, Ian. 2016. “Voice and Biofiction in Michael Ondaatje’s The Collected Works of Billy the Kid.” Pp. 53-74 in Truth and Beauty: Verse Biography in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, edited by A. Jackson, H. Rickerby, and A. Sbroma. Wellington, NZ: Victoria University Press. Abstract: Truth and Beauty turns critical attention to an exciting genre that lies at the intersection of biography and poetry, narrative and lyric, history and the confessional. With essays on influential verse biographers Margaret Atwood, Dorothy Porter, Michael Ondaatje, Jennifer Maiden and Anne Carson along with newer practitioners including Chris Orsman, Jordie Albiston, Robert Sullivan, Tusiata Avia and Amy Brown, this collection looks at the inevitable tensions that arise between historical fact and the work of imagination – and the competing and complementary claims of truth and beauty. 4. Rae, Ian. 2017. “Stratford, Shakespeare, and J.D. Barnett.” In Shakespeare and Canada: “Remembrance of Ourselves”, edited by I. Makaryk and K. Prince. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press. Abstract: Shakespeare and Canada is the result of a collective desire to explore the role that Shakespeare has played in Canada over the past two hundred years, but also to comprehend the way our country’s culture has influenced our interpretation of his literary career and heritage. What function does Shakespeare serve in Canada today? How has he been reconfigured in different ways for particular Canadian contexts?
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Theme 3:
Law, Politics, and Social Justice The various works speak directly to the legal and political issues of the current era, as well as focus on social justice issues more broadly. The fact that our faculty have published more in these areas than anywhere might be anticipated, especially in light of the core values of King’s University College, which include “initiatives to promote social justice (and) to redress historical injustices that have resulted in marginalization and discrimination.�
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Dr. Stephanie Bangarth Associate Professor, Department of History sbangar@uwo.ca Air Canada’s Ill-Fated Vacation Package and the Anti-Apartheid Movement in Canada In mid-1971, an advertisement from Air Canada offered prospective vacationers the chance of a lifetime: the opportunity to tour the game parks of South Africa. News of Air Canada’s “opportunity” was met with a great deal of controversy. This case study demonstrates that despite the fact that no major Canadian economic, strategic, or political interest was involved in South Africa and that while Canadian trade with South Africa during the period in question was relatively marginal, the Canadian government gave the concerns of those appalled at Air Canada’s intransigence some attention. More importantly, so did Air Canada. Where government failed to act, public pressure forced a major Canadian corporation to rethink its business practices to adhere to international human rights norms.
Dr. Rachel Birnbaum Professor, School of Social Work rbirnbau@uwo.ca
Addressing Controversies About Experts in Disputes Over Children The purpose of the article was to examine recent developments in the law governing the admissibility of expert evidence and concerns relating to the admissibility, reliability and impartiality of expert evidence; consider the unique role played by court-appointed assessors in child-related disputes, and explore the controversy about when courts should order these reports. In doing so, we discuss the application for the admissibility of expert evidence proffered by party-retained professionals in child-related cases, an approach that requires consideration of the reliability and lack of bias of the expert, as well taking account of concerns about fairness and the efficiency of the trial process. 36
Law for Social Workers
The interface between law and social work is multi-faceted, complex and dynamic. In this fifth-edition text Birnbaum & Mosher examine several—but no means all—of these facets. The law itself is constantly in flux and the practices of both lawyers and social workers continuously evolving and shifting. We explore the interface of law and social work under four broad categories: law’s impact upon the practices of social work; law’s presence in the lives of the clients with whom social workers work; the tensions and synergies between the practices of law and of social work; and collaborative practices.
Canada’s First Integrated Domestic Violence Court
This is the first study to examine Canada’s only Integrated Domestic Violence Court. Results demonstrate that when support services are provided to victims of domestic violence during family separation, children benefit from greater involvement with both parents. There was more compliance with child support in the integrated court than the comparison group and compliance in custody and access were two variable orders that predicted the type of final custody orders. The results show that the IDVC is a promising intervention to address domestic violence that involves both criminal and family law courts. Future research is needed to explore the views of children, victims and offenders about their experiences with the IDVC.
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Understanding Pathways to Family Dispute Resolution and Justice Reforms Separating parents often turn to the courts to assist in resolving disputes about custody and access of their children as well as child support, spousal support and division of property. Some of these initiatives include: mandatory information sessions to learn about the court system and the impact of conflict on the children; more emphasis on the use different court-based services during the legal system; and a greater emphasis on alternative dispute resolution services. Despite these changes, there remains little information about the outcomes of these initiatives and less about the impact on children and families. The current study finds that there is an underutilization of court-based services and that the majority of cases settle before going to trial.
Dr. Judith Dunlop Professor Emeritus, School of Social Work jdunlop4@uwo.ca Increasing Service User Participation This book introduces the Community Development Planning Model (CDPM) that provides a cohesive eight step planning framework anchored in the concept of empowerment. The CDPM changes the relationship between service users and providers by structuring defined parallel and joint planning tracks that encourage service user participation and promotes democratic decision-making. The CDPM planning model is designed to engage service user participation, encourage the inclusion of minority voices and increase planning and program effectiveness at a local community level. The CDPM planning model helps students understand both the complexity of managing stakeholder relationships and the necessity of a rigorous evidence-informed approach to planning.
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Social Work Case Management in an Assertive Community Treatment Program This chapter describes the practice dimensions of the service co-ordinator role with an ACT team operated by a local hospital in London, Ontario. Canada. Assertive community treatment (ACT), is a cost-effective and highly successful approach to providing hospital-quality care in the community. ACT is a model that primarily supports individuals with serious mental illnesses. The ACT service model recognizes the chronic nature of mental illnesses and encourages ongoing support with symptom management and promotes independent living in the community. The ACT model also reduces the prospect of duplicating services, which can occur when multiple service providers operate independently of each other to support the client.
Dr. John Grant Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science john.grant@uwo.ca A Strange Fate for Politics: Jameson’s Dialectic of Utopian Thought Must utopia remain utopian, or can it be achieved without at the same time announcing its own end? This question helps to orient an examination of Fredric Jameson’s engagement with utopian thought. Jameson claims that utopian thinking flourishes when we find politics has been suspended. I show that while Jameson’s early hermeneutic involving ideology and utopia is convincing as a mode of critique, his elaboration of a dialectic of politics and utopia is compromised by the “strange fate for politics” that I identify in his work, namely that we are not confronted by an unchanging political system but rather an ever-changing one dominated currently by competing conservative forces.
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Dr. Erin Hannah Associate Professor, Department of Political Science ehannah2@uwo.ca NGOs and Global Trade: Non-State Voices in EU Trade Policymaking In a deeply iniquitous world, where the gains from trade are distributed unevenly and where trade rules often militate against progressive social values, human health, and sustainable development, NGOs are widely touted as our best hope for redressing these conditions. As a critical voice of the poor and marginalized, many are engaged in a global struggle for democratic norms and social justice. Yet the potential for NGOs to bring about meaningful change is limited. This book examines whether improvements in participatory opportunities for progressive NGOs results in substantive and normative policy change in one of the major trading powers, the European Union.
Prebisch and UNCTAD as Sources of Ideas in the GATT/WTO
The Global Political Economy of Raúl Prebisch offers an original analysis of global political economy by examining it through the ideas, agency and influence of one of its most important thinkers, leaders and personalities. Prebisch’s ground-breaking ideas as an economist – the terms-of-trade thesis and the economic case for state-led industrialization – changed the world and guided economic policy across the global South. Prebisch increasingly came to view political power, not just economic capabilities, as pivotal to shaping the institutions and rules of the world economy. This book contextualizes his ideas, exploring how they were used and their relevance to contemporary issues.
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The WTO in Nairobi
This article offers a full-length evaluation of the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) decisive December 2015 Nairobi ministerial conference. It examines the dynamics of the meeting, the emergence of a new negotiating mode, and the contestations between key developing and developed members; it explores the substance of the deal negotiated; and it reflects on the future capacity of the WTO to serve as a means of securing trade gains for developing and least developed countries.
Reforming WTO-Civil Society Engagement
Civil society organizations are often seen as playing a crucial role in helping to mitigate the exclusion of weaker states, giving voice to marginalized communities, and raising environmental and developmental concerns within the trade system. This article examines the evolution of the WTO secretariat’s engagement with civil society within this context and argues that the dominant mode of engagement, as manifest in WTO Public Forums and civil society participation in ministerial conferences, is no longer fit for purpose. Rather it reflects an outmoded strategy that once served to underscore the existence and value of the WTO as an international organization and works to neutralize political contestation and publicly promote the benefits of free trade. It is now in need of reform.
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Dr. Liam Kennedy Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology lkenne56@uwo.ca Forgetting and Remembering Slavery at a Plantation Prison Extending the burgeoning body of work on the penal tourism industry, this project explores if and how Angola’s plantation history is acknowledged at the prison rodeo and arts and crafts festival, commemorated in museum exhibits, and discussed in prisoner writings. My analysis reveals the contested nature of Angola’s history and the place of slavery in it. In an act of racial violence, the administration tells a story of progress that disregards slavery along with its parallels to the present. On the other hand, some prisoners resist this narrative and evoke memories of slavery in protest of their current circumstances.
Dr. Tom Malleson Assistant Professor, Department of Interdisciplinary Programs tmalleso@uwo.ca
Fired Up about Capitalism
There is no alternative to free-market capitalism. At least that’s what we’ve been told since the 1980s, when Margaret Thatcher first declared the debate over. Fired Up about Capitalism forcefully argues that this is nothing but a myth. Tom Malleson exposes the reality of contemporary capitalism–from the widening inequality between the 1% and the rest of society, to ecological devastation–and demonstrates that in fact there are many alternatives. By demonstrating a wide range of examples of alternatives from around the world, from the short-term and practical to the long-term and ambitious, Malleson shows that replacing contemporary capitalism is not pie-in-the-sky utopia, but is a real possibility as long as enough of us fight back against injustice and insist that a better world is possible. 42
Offending the One Percent
The belief that people morally deserve the income they acquire in the market is both powerful and deep-rooted. Nevertheless, most political philosophers are skeptical of the idea that market income is morally deserved. There is thus a large and uncomfortable chasm between the philosophical mainstream and the actual public. The purpose of this article was to inject new intellectual effort in closing this gap. To this end, I put forward seven critical arguments. Overall, my aim is to show that, taking these arguments together, the case against distributive desert is conclusive.
Dr. Joseph Michalski Associate Professor, Department of Sociology Joseph.Michalski@kings.uwo.ca An Integrated Theory of Lethal Punishment As a universal form of social control, punishment spans a continuum from physically inconsequential to lethality. What explains observable variations in lethal punishment as a form of social control? The paper integrates Black’s pure sociology framework and Milner’s theory of status relations to argue that lethal punishment occurs mainly under conditions of marginalization, disruptions of the previous social geometries, and social polarization that characterize interpersonal encounters or inter-group relationships. These conditions facilitate the status degradation processes that lead to the dehumanization of the “other,” which only rarely occurs in familial settings.
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Status Hierarchies and Hegemonic Masculinity: A General Theory of Prison Violence The paper examines the links among the pursuit of status, social construction of masculinity, and prison violence. Since inmates have limited forms of economic and political power, social status as a resource assumes greater significance. The acquisition of status depends upon the ability to navigate successfully a hostile environment to establish one’s reputation as a real man. Milner’s theory of status relations has been adapted to understand prison violence in the context of hegemonic masculinity. The paper offers exemplars from the comparative literature to illustrate the logic of the approach and to identify theoretical propositions that explain prison violence cross-culturally.
Dr. Mike Morrison Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology mike.morrison@uwo.ca Legal Professionals’ Peremptory Challenges Reflect Jurors’ Levels of Implicit Race Bias Most legal systems are based on the premise that defendants are treated as innocent until proven guilty and that decisions will be unbiased and solely based on the facts of the case. The validity of this assumption has been questioned for cases involving racial minority members, in that racial bias among jury members may influence jury decisions. The current research shows that legal professionals are adept at identifying jurors with levels of implicit race bias that are consistent with their legal interests. Using a simulated voir dire, professionals assigned to the role of defense lawyer for a Black defendant were more likely to exclude jurors with high levels of implicit race bias, whereas prosecutors of a Black defendant did the opposite.
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Dr. Ben Muller Associate Professor, Department of Political Science bmuller@uwo.ca Canadian Border as Checkpoint in an Age of Hemispheric Security and Surveillance Dr. Muller contributes a chapter to National Security, Surveillance and Terror: Canada and Australia in Comparative Perspective, an edited collection which brings together leading scholars to comparatively investigate national security, surveillance and terror in the early 21st century in two major western jurisdictions, Canada and Australia. Observing that much debate about these topics is dominated by US and UK perspectives, the volume provides penetrating analysis of national security and surveillance practices in two under-studied countries that reveals critical insights into current trends.
Technology
As a chapter author in Critical Imaginations in International Relations, Dr. Muller and colleagues reflect on how we might address the problems and limitations of a state-centred approach in the discipline of International Relations (IR).
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Dr. Jacquie Newman Associate Professor, Department of Political Science jnewman@uwo.ca Post-Feminism, the Labour Market and Generational Exceptionalism in Canada This paper examines how labour market restructuring in Canada has positioned middle class educated young women as significant actors and beneficiaries in the new economy. The first section discusses the changing policy context that while reducing discrimination and enabling women to more fully complete in the labour market, has tended to benefit certain classes of women more than others. Section two looks at the growth and stability of women’s labour market participation in the recessionary and boom periods of the last 30 years. Section three illustrates the difference in access based on age and educational attainment. The final section discusses how the success of certain groups of women in the current labour market appears to be associated with a relationship to feminism that can characterized as ‘post-feminist’.
Encoding and Decoding Interest Representation Outside Parties This chapter in Canadian Parties in Transition discusses the representation of citizens views and voices outside the formal institutions of parties and elections. Examining Canadian advocacy and social movement politics, it argues that since 1968 there has been a normalization and accommodation of elements of civil society within the political system. However, while our understanding of whose voices matter has substantially broadened to become more inclusive, the results have not necessarily become more democratic or equal. This in turn illustrates the conflict between insider and outsider status that is at the heart of social movement and advocacy politics. 46
Drs. Tracy Smith-Carrier and Andrea Lawlor School of Social Work and Department of Political Science Canadian Border as Checkpoint in an Age of Hemispheric Security and Surveillance We examine the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) launched in Ontario, Canada’s most populous province. Six key discourses surfaced: social exclusion, social inclusion, economic benefit or social investment, expert knowledge, community engagement and requisites for the PRS’ success – typically involving investments from the federal government and a favourable economic climate. No discourse of human rights, or of the rights to food, housing and an adequate standard of living is present in the PRS texts, absolving the government from its responsibility to ensure these rights. Without the accountability mechanisms attached to a rights-based approach, the PRS has little chance of ‘breaking the cycle’ of poverty, and will not likely ‘realise its potential’ to do so.
Dr. Tracy Smith-Carrier Associate Professor, School of Social Work tsmithca@uwo.ca Perceptions of food bank usage in London, Ontario The purpose of this exploratory descriptive qualitative study was to explore the experiences of people accessing the food bank in a mid-sized city in Ontario, Canada, and to gain their perspectives on more progressive alternatives to the charitable food bank model. Findings document participants’ perceptions of the barriers to obtaining an adequate income, the key characteristics of and challenges associated with food banks, and proposed alternatives to the existing model. Using our study data, we document how the extant charitable food system engenders human rights violations; consider what would be required to move from a charitable model to a rights-based approach; and describe how food bank and human rights practitioners can promote a human rights framework in Canadian public policymaking. 47
Dr. Thomas Tieku Associate Professor, Department of Political Science ttieku@uwo.ca Post-Feminism, the Labour Market and Generational Exceptionalism in Canada The African Union (AU) is the leading international organization on the African continent. Since its creation, the AU has tackled a wide range of issues, including health epidemics (Ebola), undemocratic change of governments, gender inequality, wars, poverty and climate change. It has also led military interventions in Burundi, Comoros, Sudan, and Somalia and adopted key legal instruments to prevent transnational terrorism, bad governance, human rights abuses, corruption and promoted economic development. The first book to deal with the AU as a multi-dimensional, dynamic political organization, Governing Africa takes stock of AU’s successes and failures in its first decade.
Dr. Rosemary Vito Assistant Professor, School of Social Work rvito4@uwo.ca The Impact of Service System Transformation on Human Service Agencies This article will present qualitative research findings on the impact of service system transformation on three children’s mental health and child welfare agencies in Ontario, Canada. A multiple case study, multi-method design, and thematic data analysis were used with 41 directors and supervisors. Competing ministry directives that leaders faced (lead agency competition, rising accountability, cross-sector collaboration, innovation, service excellence) and continuous funding constraints are linked with organizational impacts (competing values, changing identity and roles, complex data collection, diminished community collaboration, reduced resources and viability). Leaders’ strategic adaptation to these external pressures are discussed, along with future practice and research implications. 48
Dr. Matthew Yeager Associate Professor, Department of Sociology myeager@uwo.ca Frank Tannenbaum: The Making of a Convict Criminologist Dr. Yeager provides a historical biography about Columbia University professor Frank Tannenbaum and his contribution to American criminology. Tannenbaum is known for his contributions to labeling theory, particularly his conception of the “dramatization of evil” presented in his 1938 book, Crime and Community. Tannenbaum served a year on Blackwell’s Island in New York City for labor disturbances in 1914 and subsequently became a prison reformer, writing about his experiences with the American penal system and serving as the official reporter for the Wickersham Commission’s study on Penal Institutions, Probation, and Parole in 1931. This book explores his unique early career, and his influence on convict criminology, drawing on his personal papers housed at the Butler Library at Columbia University.
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Dr. Valerie Zawilski Associate Professor, Department of Sociology vzawilsk@uwo.ca Inequality in Canada: A Reader on the Intersections of Gender, Race and Class Dr. Zawilski served as editor for this book, which has been designed for courses dealing with social inequality. It contains a collection of twenty-four carefully selected readings focuses on the way inequality grows where issues of gender, race, and class collide. Written by Canadian experts in their respective fields and organized into six parts, this text reflects the range of spheres in which people experience inequality: family, education, health, justice, labour, and global inequality.
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Researcher Spotlights Dr. Andrea Lawlor Associate Professor, Department of Political Science alawlor5@uwo.ca
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Citizens’ main source of political information tends to be the media. Whether it’s the six-o’clock news, headlines of the local paper or Twitter, most people learn what they know (or what they think they know) about the policies that affect their day to day lives from the press. But when the public gets poor quality information, they tend to make decisions that aren’t in their own best interest. On top of that, the public pays little attention to “serious” policy news, but they can rarely resist a salacious story. Therefore, journalistic incentives are to report scandal and not highquality information. My research focuses on how mainstream, digital, and social media impact public opinion on policy issues and subsequent action by policymakers. This relationship is dependent on not only what information is presented to the public, but how it is presented. By analysing longitudinal media and public opinion data, I can determine whether media framing of policy influences citizen deliberation.
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Here, I can investigate the effects of journalistic bias and examine the effects of misinformation in policy reporting on salient issues such as immigration, environmental and social policy. This research engages the contemporary literature on public policy as well as the study of cognitive interpretation of information. This work draws from across disciplinary boundaries into behavioural economics, psychology and law. I am excited about this research process because it is not only of academic importance, but it is also of great public concern, particularly with the increase of non-traditional media sources such as blogs and social media and the rise of so-called “fake news”. By understanding how the public assesses the quality of information and how journalists frame policy news, we can better understand how information moves public preferences, which ultimately influence policymakers’ choices.
Publications (2016-2017) 1. Lawlor, Andrea, and Erin Crandall. 2016. “When More Isn’t Better: Regulation of Third Parties in Ontario Elections.” Policy Options (July): http://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/july-2016/when-more-isntbetter-regulation-of-third-parties-in-ontario-elections/. Abstract: Considering the political disarray that has followed the Brexit vote, this might not seem an obvious moment for Canada to look to the United Kingdom for instruction on public policy. However, our systems of government have many common characteristics, making the UK a valuable comparative point for institutional and policy reform in Ontario. The Ontario government’s recent proposal to overhaul its election finance regulations provides an opportunity to learn from our partners in the Commonwealth. 2. Lawlor, Andrea. 2016. “Local and National Accounts of Immigration Framing in a Cross-National Perspective.” Pp. 62-81 in Migrants, Minorities, and the Media: Information, Representations, and Participation in the Public Sphere, edited by E. Bleich, I. Bloemraad, and E. de Graauw. London: Routledge. Abstract: Dr. Lawlor contributes a chapter in this book, which advances analytical strategies focused on information, representation, and participation to examine the media, migrants, and minorities. Collectively the contributors analyze the framing and type of information that the media provide about particular groups or about issues related to migration and diversity; they examine how the media convey or construct particular depictions of minorities and immigrants; and they interrogate whether and how the media provide space for minorities’ participation in a public sphere. 3. Crow, Deserai A., and Andrea Lawlor. 2016. “Media in the Policy Process.” Review of Policy Research 33(5): 472-491. Abstract: The Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) is a framework through which scholars can bring analysis of narratives into studies of policy making. The NPF moves the field forward in understanding the role of narratives, communication, and stakeholder beliefs in the policy process, while at the same time striving for theoretical rigor. We embed the discussion of frames and narratives in the NPF to provide an empirical and theoretical cohesion to our understanding of media and public policy and then provide a brief empirical example of how such an integration may prove fruitful for policy scholars. 53
Researcher Spotlights Dr. Rick Csiernik Professor, Faculty of Social Work rcsierni@uwo.ca
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I once read that the music you were listening to in high school defines your adult life. The quote under my picture from my high school year book from Hill Park Secondary in Hamilton, Ontario is from a band called Kansas and it goes like this… if I claim to be a wise man, it surely means that I don’t know (followed by a serious guitar riff). I don’t know enough. I never have and still don’t. And I hate not knowing. I was awestruck when I first stepped onto a university campus and I still feel that way today when I come back to King’s each fall after the summer recess as I still live in Hamilton (and I still occasionally listen to Kansas). Like many first and a half generation Canadians, going to university was not part of my culture or the expectations of my family so I felt more than slightly out of place when I first stepped foot on campus at McMaster. It’s a feeling I still get at times especially when I am in the middle of a good rant in the classroom only to actually make eye contact with my students and discover that they are writing (or at least keyboarding) what I’m saying… so I better know something of value, especially as they are paying thousands of dollars to hear me say it. I worked nearly a decade as a social worker before returning to graduate school and came with a far greater appreciation for the power of knowledge than when I had left with a Masters degree in my pocket
and a chip on my shoulder. Sitting in my PhD research course, my professor told me, after I had made my research pitch, that my topic was interesting and that no one she knew was looking at the topic, but that was mostly because there was no funding in that area. I have both a BSc and a BSW from McMaster because as an undergraduate a lovely staff person in the registrar’s office said I couldn’t graduate with both a BSc and a BSW for it was against university policy despite having every prerequisite to do so. I innocently asked why and she didn’t know, it was just policy. I hate not knowing. I also hate being told I can’t do something because no one else ever has or because no one wants to fund something despite its importance. My research career has been driven by having that chip on my shoulder. I bring a Canadian social work standpoint to everything I do so that students who are where I was 30 years ago have a Canadian author to read, have a social work perspective to reflect upon, have a different standpoint to consider. I tell my students that there is no brilliance in what I do. All I have is a desire to know more. To know how to provide more effective counselling for working people; to know how to better engage with persons who have an addiction so they aren’t as likely to relapse; to know how the 55
role of spirituality enhances wellness, or to know what happens to social work interns when they are sent into the field. After 20 years in academia I still don’t know enough about the experience of people with ability issues who have an addiction, or the impact of growing up Muslim in London, or how animal assisted therapy affects staff in residential care programs, or ‌
Publications (2017-2018) 1. Csiernik, Rick, and William S. Rowe (Eds.). 2017. Responding to the Oppression of Addiction: Canadian Social Work Perspectives (Third Edition). Toronto: Canadian Scholars Press. *Editors Note: Given the sheer volume of chapters and contributing authors, here we list only the book itself. Abstract: The third edition of Responding to the Oppression of Addiction brings together the voices of over 40 academics and social work practitioners from across Canada to provide a diverse and multidimensional perspective to the study of addiction. This edition features eight new chapters and 21 new contributors, as knowledge of the field continues to expand. Themes include prevention initiatives, program descriptions, the special needs of different populations, policy perspectives framed within an anti-oppression standpoint, and the emerging topic of problem gambling along with a first-person narrative on the effects of residential schools on Indigenous peoples. 2. Csiernik, Rick, and Rachel Birnbaum. 2017. Practising Social Work Research: Case Studies for Learning (Second Edition). Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Abstract: This second edition of Practising Social Work Research comprises twenty-three case studies that illustrate different research approaches, including quantitative, qualitative, single-subject, and mixed methods. Six are new to this edition, and examine research with First Nations, organizing qualitative data, and statistics. Through these real-life examples, the authors demonstrate the processes of conceptualization, operationalization, sampling, data collection and processing, and implementation. Designed to help the student and practitioner become more comfortable with research procedures, Practising Social Work Research capitalizes on the strengths that social work students bring to assessment and problem solving.
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3. Csiernik, Rick, Cheryl Forchuk, Kristy Buccieri, Jan Richardson, Abraham Rudnick, Laura Warner, Amanda Wright. 2016. “Substance Use of Homeless and Precariously Housed Youth in a Canadian Context.” International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 15(1): 1-15. Abstract: Substance use is common among homeless and precariously housed youth, yet few longitudinal studies track their usage over time. This paper analyzes data from a study of 187 youth and reports on their substance usage in the preceding month, year, and over their lifetime. The results are compared within the sample by sex and against a sample of similarly located housed youth. Findings suggest that female homeless and precariously housed youth report lower substance use, but that with interventions substance use decreases for both sexes. 4. Csiernik, Rick. 2016. Substance Use and Abuse: Everything Matters (Second Edition). Toronto: Canadian Scholars Press. Abstract: Substance Use and Abuse provides both students and practitioners in the field of addiction counselling with a foundational knowledge of psychoactive drugs. With its emphasis on the bio-psycho-social components of addiction, this text is essential reading for both beginning and experienced addiction counsellors and social workers. Among the critical topics discussed are concepts and theories of addiction, the major types of psychoactive substances, treatment options and resources, and numerous prevention strategies. The book concludes with an informative chapter on the legal, ethical, and practice requirements for becoming a competent addiction counsellor. 5. Csiernik, Rick. 2017. “Utilizing Utilization Rates in Canadian EAPs: The Folly of Comparing Cumquats to Tangerines.” EASNA Research Notes 6(2): 1-8. Abstract: Utilization rate is one of the fundamental calculations of Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs). It is used in assessing program impact, program promotion, internal staffing and in determining vendor rates. Two national studies conducted a decade apart examined the nature and structure of how a case was defined and how utilization rates were actually determined by Canadian work organizations with EAPs. This result continues to bring into question the utility of using this metric as an evaluative tool or in any type of comparison such as internal versus external program success or EAP vendor performance within the Canadian context.
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6. Yorke, Jan, Scott Grant, and Rick Csiernik. 2016. “Horses and Baseball: Social Work’s Cultivation of One’s Third Eye.” Social Work Education 35(7): 845-855. Abstract: Active self-reflection is a sophisticated and subtle, multi-layered process that requires learning the capacity to constantly self-monitor. These fundamental interactive skills, the core of a competent social worker, are important to work in any context. Using two distinct metaphors, one relating to horses, the other to baseball, the article will explore the importance of developing competency skills and utilize a ‘third eye.’ In current social work education curricula the use of self may not be prioritized, practiced, or well understood. Evidence from human and veterinary medicine as well as social work, are discussed.
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Theme 4:
Philosophy, Religion, and Spirituality These readings accentuate key philosophical and religious issues by those who serve as our academic specialists in those fields, while extending further to the analysis of social work practice. As these publications demonstrate, King’s faculty members examine a diverse array of spiritual matters beyond those of Catholicism and Christianity, as every faith and philosophical tradition can serve as the cornerstone for stimulating research and commentary.
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Dr. Laura Béres Associate Professor, School of Social Work lberes2@uwo.ca Reflecting on Meaning-Making in Personal and Professional Contexts A diverse group of authors draw deeply on their own experiences of spirituality in practice to grapple with the complexities of spiritual care in a variety of professional contexts, from social work, nursing, and end of life care to teaching in higher education. Topics discussed include: mindfulness; the practice of Falun Gong; the intersection of spirituality with social justice; Indigenous spirituality; human-animal bonds; as well as the role of hospitality, vulnerability and acceptance in practice. In addition to editing the collected works above, Dr. Béres also contributed two chapters to the volume itself, “What Is Spirituality and How Does It Relate to Professional Practice?,” (Pp. 1-13), and “The Rule of St. Benedict: Considering Hospitality and Welcoming Spaces in Contemporary Therapeutic Practice,” (Pp. 131-144).
Celtic Spirituality: Exploring the Fascination across Time and Place This chapter contains both a review of the academic literature regarding Celtic spirituality, which highlights the challenges of pinning down and defining the term, and also reflections on the current fascination with Celtic spirituality. Concepts such as ‘thin places’ and the ‘spark of the Divine’ are included as they relate to people’s engagement with physical places and the natural environment. It includes descriptions of field work in Ireland, Scotland and England and focuses on research interviews conducted in Ireland, concluding with considerations of how ideas within Celtic spirituality might inform and enrich social work practice.
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What Philosophy Contributes to Our Understanding of ‘Reflection’ and ‘Experience’ Heidegger’s and Gadamer’s examinations of the terms ‘reflection’ and ‘experience’ are explored in depth in order to contribute to discussions about the benefits of critical reflection of practice for practitioners in the helping professions. The importance of maintaining humility and an undogmatic stance is stressed since this allows helping professionals to learn afresh from critical reflection of their practice. As Gadamer points out ‘being experienced’ does not consist of knowing everything or knowing more than anyone else. Rather, he says the experienced person is someone who is ‘radically undogmatic’, encouraging practitioners to hold knowledge tentatively and learn afresh.
Dr. Jonathan Geen Associate Professor, Department of Religious Studies jgeen@uwo.ca Increasing Service User Participation For approximately 2,500 years, Hinduism and Jainism have coexisted in South Asia, leading to a long history of interaction and mutual influence, particularly in the areas of philosophy and mythology. However, being very much a minority community throughout most regions and time periods (currently comprising only 0.5 percent of the Indian population), the Jains have typically paid closer attention to Hindus than Hindus have to Jains. As a rule, at least until the 12th to 13th centuries ce, Hindus viewed Buddhists as their primary religious rival. This is reflected both in primary and in secondary sources, and much of the available material focusing on the intersection between Hinduism and Jainism comes from Jain texts or scholars of Jainism. This article, wherever possible, will highlight both primary and secondary sources that deal specifically with the intersection between Hinduism and Jainism in South Asia. 62
Dr. Chaya Halberstam Associate Professor, Department of Religious Studies chalbers@uwo.ca Law in Biblical Israel Dr. Halberstam contributes a chapter to The Cambridge Companion to Judaism and Law, a publication that explores the Jewish conception of law as an essential component of the divine-human relationship from biblical to modern times, as well as resistance to this conceptualization. It also traces the political, social, intellectual, and cultural circumstances that spawned competing Jewish approaches to its own ‘divine’ law and the ‘non-divine’ law of others, including that of the modern, secular state of Israel.
Dr. J.K. Kato Associate Professor, Department of Religious Studies jkato@uwo.ca Religious Language and Asian American Hybridity Hybridity, the quality of being mixed, has become a key feature of today’s globalized world. However, it is rarely used as a paradigm to analyze and evaluate the influential concepts and teachings that make up religious language. This work is an attempt to let the theories and experiences of Asian North American hybridity converse with some aspects of Christian biblical and theological language. It seeks to show what hybridity challenges and resists, what over-simplifications it seeks to complexify, what forgotten or overlooked strands in the Christian biblical and religious tradition it endeavours to recover and reemphasize.
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Epistemic Confidence, Humility, and Kenosis in Interfaith Dialogue “Epistemic Confidence” is the confidence in the accuracy of one’s (in this case) religious opinions. It is a direct consequence of the idea that a superior revelation has been given to a particular religious tradition. This study proposes that a “kenosis” (self-emptying) needs to be applied to the epistemic confidence found in religious traditions (particularly Catholicism) if authentic interreligious dialogue is to occur. That process involves an acknowledgement that even in our faith-held notions about divinity and revelation, we are radically within the humanum (humanity). Hence, radical modesty must always temper religious conviction.
Dr. Georgia Mouroutsou Associate Professor, Department of Religious Studies gmourout@uwo.ca Plato’s Quest for Paradigmatic Pleasures in the Philebus
This paper makes a case that pure pleasures are Plato’s paradigmatic pleasures in the Philebus. First I establish precision about those pleasures’ freedom from pain by arguing that they are free from such pains as those of hunger, which precede the pleasures of eating. Second I argue that pure pleasures are parts of processes as they emerge at the end-stage of the processes of sensing and attaining knowledge, and they are not, instead, the entire process of filling that lack. Third I interpret the subjective experience of pure pleasures.
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Researcher Spotlights Dr. Carolyn Chau Assistant Professor, Department of Religious Studies cchau33@uwo.ca
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My research examines the implications of secularization on contemporary Catholic mission. I am especially interested in how secularization impacts the way in which the Church should convey Catholic moral principles in and to western societies today, how Christian communities may contribute to peace processes, and how Christian theology can help us to understand and address various malaises of our secular culture. To that end, I published a monograph on Catholic mission (Solidarity With the World), as well as articles in top peer-reviewed journals in Catholic theology such as Modern Theology, New Blackfriars, and The Way. A newer area of interest is Asian Christian theology and how attending to the insights of the Catholic Church in Asia may deepen the Church’s self-understanding as a truly global entity (See “Asian Theology and the Christian Community” in New Theology Review). What fuels and energizes my research are the desires to understand the world more deeply, while contributing to the Church’s and western culture’s understanding of God and humanity. It seems to
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me that we cannot understand the challenges of our day – whether technological, health-related, or economic – without seeing them through theological and spiritual lenses. Moreover, I believe that the best theology deepens the human capacity to be a transformative force in the world for good. In Christian theological language, we call this theology that helps to release the liberating power of God, or the reign of God, in the world. After all, Christians believe that God is Love and that the reign of God is characterized by peace and joy. This is why faith-based communities such have L’Arche and Taizé have been so compelling to me: these communities understand and configure common life differently based on the radical principles of love found in the gospel. The penchant for the Church to be a source of radicality and creativity, as well as profound wisdom and tradition, lead me to think that there is nothing more fascinating than trying to understand all things human in light of the triune God of Christianity.
Publications (2016-2017) 1. Chau, Carolyn A. 2016. Chau, Carolyn. 2016. “Mission After Marion.” New Blackfriars 97(1070): 492-502. Abstract: Jean-Luc Marion figures significantly in the movement in contemporary, continental philosophy often termed the theological ‘turn’ in phenomenology. This shift has been the subject of debate, most famously between Dominique Janicaud and Marion, Emmanuel Levinas, and Jacques Derrida, in which the central challenge has been whether the turn to theology in recent French phenomenology betrays the phenomenological method in its strict sense. The aim of this paper is not to engage the specifics of this debate, but to read the contested ground as a ‘sign’ itself of the significance of treatments of faith and transcendence in postmodern philosophy for contemporary ecclesial mission. 2. Chau, Carolyn A. 2016. Solidarity with the World: Charles Taylor and Hans Urs von Balthasar on Faith, Modernity, and Catholic Mission. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books. Abstract: Is Christian mission even possible today? In “a secular age,” is it possible to talk about the goodness of God in a compelling way? How should the church proceed? Carolyn Chau explores the question of Catholic mission in a secular age through a constructive interpretation of the work of two celebrated Catholic thinkers, philosopher Charles Taylor and theologian Hans Urs von Balthasar, arguing that Taylor and Balthasar together offer a promising path for mission today.
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Researcher Spotlights Dr. Antonio Calcagno Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy acalcagn@uwo.ca
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My goal is to mine the history of philosophy to uncover important figures and ideas that have been ignored or understudied. Ultimately, I wish to show that the traditional canon of philosophy is broader and more complex than is often presented in the academy. I see philosophy as a variegated discourse of ideas that cuts across cultures, histories, genders, and traditions. I work largely in recent European philosophy and Renaissance philosophy. In terms of the former, I have devoted significant energies to showing how the phenomenological movement took up various questions, especially those that revolve around social and political realities. I have largely concentrated on the founding women of the movement, namely Edith Stein, Gerda Walther, and, more recently, Else Voigtländer, who brought phenomenology into dialogue with psychoanalysis. Through my scholarly studies, translations, and preparation of critical editions, I present to scholars and students previously understudied significant thinkers. I also research, publish on and translate new and emerging thinkers of importance to contemporary European thought, including Roberto Esposito, Lea Melandri, Henri Maldiney, and Remo Bodei. In terms of the latter, I focus on early modern thinkers like Maine de Biran, Justus Lipsius, and Étienne de la Boétie in order to understand the deep
connection between subjectivity and the creation of a social and political world. My own philosophical work is aimed at developing theory of political impasse: given the new globalised economic order, political impasse must be conceived in different terms than in earlier accounts. Also, what can we do in response to this new form of globalised impasse? I have also begun to think of the promises of technology to create a better humanity and world in light of the fact that we still succumb to illness, violence, and death. I always try to integrate my research and thinking into my teaching by sharing the ideas of the philosophers I study.
Publications (2016-2017) 1. Calcagno, Antonio. 2016. “A Place for the Role of Community in the Structure of the State: Edith Stein and Edmund Husserl.” Continental Philosophy Review 49: 403-416. Abstract: A discussion of the theories of state presented by Edmund Husserl and Edith Stein. The article makes the claim that Husserl’s perceived limitations of the state as a negative and controlling social phenomenon can be overcome through Stein’s view of the state as a legal community.
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2. Calcagno, Antonio. 2016. “Alain Badiou’s Suturing of the Law to the Event and the State of Exception.” Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy 24(1): 192-204. Abstract: Can changes to the law bring about major historical and political change? I argue that though changes to the law can bring about societal change, from minor to major change, one of the most perilous and dangerous changes the law can bring is when leaders or governments exempt themselves from the law. The state of exception represents, then, a gap in Badiou’s theory of law and its relation to eventual change. 3. Calcagno, Antonio. 2016. “Il ruolo del’Einfuehlung nella produzione di senso e nella psicologia. Il punto di vista di Edith Stein nella prospettiva canadese e statunitense.” Pp 153-168 in Ascolto di Edith Stein. Voci dal mondo, edited by B. Cortellesi and S. Mobeeno. Rome: Aracne. 4. Calcagno, Antonio. 2017. “Building a Meaningful Social World between Human and Companion Animals through Empathy.” Pp. 35-38 in Pets and People, edited by C. Overall. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Abstract: Animal ethics is generating growing interest both within academia and outside it. This book focuses on ethical issues connected to animals who play an extremely important role in human lives: companion animals (“pets”). Companion animals are both vulnerable to and dependent upon us. What responsibilities do we owe to them, and what kinds of relationships should we have with our companion animals? What might we learn from cats and dogs about the nature and limits of our own morality? 5. Calcagno, Antonio. 2017. “The Life That Is Not Purely One’s Own: Michel Henry and Boredom as an Affect.” Pp. 53- 64 in Boredom Studies Reader, edited by M. Gardiner and J. Haladyn. New York: Routledge. Abstract: Boredom Studies is an increasingly rich and vital area of contemporary research that examines the experience of boredom as an importan – even quintessential – condition of modern life. This anthology of newly commissioned essays focuses on the historical and theoretical potential of this modern condition, connecting boredom studies with parallel discourses such as affect theory and highlighting possible avenues of future research.
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Theme 5:
Science, Education, and Metrics The books and articles contained herein tap directly into the pedagogical, epistemological, and measurement issues associated with different forms of knowledge construction. The works include innovative approaches to developing theoretical models, as well as creative ways to measure or otherwise represent knowledge claims.
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Dr. Imants Barušs Professor, Department of Psychology baruss@uwo.ca Transcendent Mind: Rethinking the Science of Consciousness Imants Barušs and Julia Mossbridge utilize findings from physics, philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience to build a scientific investigation into the origins and nature of human consciousness. Along the way, they examine the scientific literature about mediumship, out-of-body and near-death experiences, telekinesis, “apparent” vs. “deep” time, and mind-to-mind communication, and introduce eye-opening ideas about our shared reality. The result is a revelatory tour of the “post-materialist” world—and a roadmap for consciousness research in the twenty-first century.
Dr. Hui Feng Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Business, and Mathematics hfeng8@uwo.ca Bias-Corrected Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Parameters of Pareto Distribution We derive analytic expressions for the biases, to O(n−1), of the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters of the generalized Pareto distribution. Using these expressions to bias-correct the estimators in a selective manner is found to be extremely effective in terms of bias reduction, and can also result in a small reduction in relative mean squared error (MSE). In terms of remaining relative bias, the analytic bias-corrected estimators are somewhat less effective than their counterparts obtained by using a parametric bootstrap bias correction. However, the analytic correction out-performs the bootstrap correction in terms of remaining %MSE. It also performs credibly relative to other recently proposed estimators for this distribution. Taking into account the relative computational costs, this leads us to recommend the selective use of the analytic bias adjustment for most practical situations. 72
Dr. John Heng Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy jheng@uwo.ca Ethics of Decision Making and Consent in People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Brought to you by a new team of world-renowned experts and contributors, this volume fully prepares future educators, social workers, researchers, and clinicians to provide the best services and supports to children and adults across the life span. Tomorrow’s professionals will discover what to do and how to do it as they prepare for their important work, and they’ll refer to this user-friendly compendium year after year for information, insights, and answers. A cornerstone text for any course focused on developmental disabilities-and an essential reference for every in-service professional’s library.
Dr. Allyson Larkin Assistant Professor, Department of Interdisciplinary Programs alarkin2@uwo.ca Seeking Global Citizenship through International Experiential Learning Dr. Larkin authors a chapter in The Palgrave Handbook of Global Citizenship and Education, a much needed international reference work written by leading writers in the field of global citizenship and education. It is based on the most recent research and practice from across the world, and is vital reading for academics, postgraduates and advanced undergraduates in the fields of sociology and education, particularly those with an interest in comparative studies.
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Decolonizing and Delinking North-South Higher Education Partnerships As a contributor to Assembling and Governing the Higher Education Institution: Democracy, Social Justice and Leadership in Global Higher Education, Dr. Larkin and colleagues explore the inherently democratic nature of education; from those who practice in higher education institutions and are involved in decision-making, to those questioning the methods of reform processes in those institutions. The overarching questions asked in this book are: how has higher education come to be assembled in contemporary governance practices within the context of global demands for reform and how are issues of justice being taken up as part of and in resistance to this assemblage?
Dr. Joseph Michalski Associate Professor, Department of Sociology Joseph.Michalski@kings.uwo.ca The Epistemological Diversity of Canadian Sociology The study presents the national survey results of 190 full-time members of Canadian sociology departments to examine the state of the discipline in 2014-15. Two main questions inform the analysis. First, what intellectual perspectives prevail among Canadian sociologists and does any one perspective hold greater prominence? Second, what explains the variation in epistemological stances most commonly endorsed? The evidence reveals a preponderance of critical and feminist scholars, which can be explained by considering the social locations of sociological practitioners. Logistic regression model results confirm that gender, generation, geography, and disciplinary genre are significant predictors of critical and critical-feminist orientations.
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The Sociological Usages of Pure Sociology The term pure sociology reflects important disciplinary concerns that have shaped the intellectual development of sociology in the U.S. aimed at establishing disciplinary boundaries and achieving academic legitimacy. The paper recounts early discussions of pure sociology and examines various usages over the past 120 years that have informed key debates about sociological analysis. Drawing upon an electronic search of databases, a content analysis highlights the prevalence of different meanings that U.S. social scientists have attached to the concept. The paper concludes with a discussion of the ascendance of Donald Black’s theoretical paradigm that has appropriated the term with considerable success.
Scientific Partisanship: The Social Geometry of Intellectual Support The article applies the pure sociology paradigm to examine the degree to which scientific evidence supports ideas deduced from the perspective. The empirical support for pure sociology varies inversely with the social distance separating scholars in social space. Moreover, the nature of the evidence adduced and the use of qualitative or quantitative methodologies predictably vary with social distance as well, increasing the likelihood of finding confirming or disconfirming evidence. The study tests these ideas by examining the full range of refereed journal articles (n = 191) published from 1976 to 2015 with pure sociology as the main focus.
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The Tyranny of the Majority: A Case Study of Intellectual Exclusion in Sociology A salient academic problem relates to intellectual hegemony, whereby the dominant discourses within departments and among those in power help frame the hiring agenda to precipitate new forms of exclusion. Left unchecked, one could anticipate that an entire department might be subjected to the “tyranny of the majority,” eliminating anyone who does not provide the proper intellectual fit, regardless of the individual’s knowledge or other markers of academic excellence. The evaluation of the thesis stems from a case study of one Canadian university’s Department of Sociology, infused with an auto-ethnographic account of personal experience in confronting such exclusionary practices.
Dr. Joseph Michalski, Mr. Joe Henry, and Ms. Tracy Cunningham Departments of Sociology, Dean of Students, and Associate Registrar The Diversity Challenge for Higher Education in Canada
Shifting demographics have meant access to higher education presents many challenges associated with increased student diversity on campus. We examine Canadian data regarding access issues and barriers to increasing diversity among postsecondary institutions. The evidence reveals that first-generation students, Aboriginal peoples, and students with disabilities continue to be underrepresented. We argue further that while universities can facilitate improved access, they must commit to developing support services and a more inclusive environment to ensure student retention and success. The paper concludes with a discussion of “best practices” from the perspective of a predominantly undergraduate, liberal arts institution in southern Ontario. 76
Dr. Mike Morrison Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology mike.morrison@uwo.ca Temporal Stability of Implicit and Explicit Measures A common assumption about implicit measures is that they reflect early experiences, whereas explicit measures are assumed to reflect recent experiences. The current research addresses the notion that individual differences on implicit measures are more stable over time than individual differences on explicit measures, via two longitudinal studies that compared the temporal stability of individual differences on implicit and explicit measures in three content domains (self-concept, racial attitudes, political attitudes). In both studies, implicit measures showed significantly lower stability over time (weighted average r = .54) than conceptually corresponding explicit measures (weighted average r = .75), despite comparable estimates of internal consistency. Implications for theories of implicit social cognition and interpretations of implicit and explicit measures are discussed.
Dr. Claude Olivier Associate Professor, School of Social Work colivier@uwo.ca Theatre Workshops as a Group Format for Promoting Intercultural Understanding By authoring a chapter in the book Revitalizing our Social Group Work Heritage: A Bridge to the Future, Dr. Olivier contributes towards a series of case studies and practice accounts from several countries which illustrate applications of the social group work model in a range of settings. The series presents some of the best case studies available in this field.
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Dr. Marcie Penner-Wilger Associate Professor, Department of Psychology mpennerw@uwo.ca Estimation of Importance The topic of how symbolic and non-symbolic number systems relate to exact calculation skill has received great discussion for a number of years now. However, little research has been done to examine how these systems relate to approximate calculation skill. To address this question, performance on symbolic and non-symbolic numeric ordering tasks was examined as predictors of Woodcock Johnson calculation (exact) and computation estimation (approximate) scores among university adults (N = 85, 61 female, Mean age = 21.3, range = 18-49 years). For Woodcock Johnson calculation scores, only the symbolic task uniquely predicted performance outcomes in a multiple regression. For the computational estimation task, only the non-symbolic task uniquely predicted performance outcomes. These findings suggest that symbolic and non-symbolic number system acuity uniquely relate to exact and approximate calculation ability respectively.
Dr. Chris Roney Associate Professor, Department of Psychology croney@uwo.ca Losses and External Outcomes Interact to Produce the Gambler’s Fallacy When making serial predictions in a binary decision task there is a tendency to assume that after a series of the same external outcome (e.g., heads in a coin flip), the next outcome will be the opposing one (e.g., tails), even when the outcomes are independent of one another. This so-called “gambler’s fallacy” has been replicated robustly. Three experiments found that the gambler’s fallacy primarily occurs when such a run is accompanied by a concurrent run of failed guesses predicting those outcomes. Thus, it appears that gambler’s fallacy behavior is driven by a combination of an external series of events and a concurrent series of failure experiences. 78
Independence of Events, and Errors in Understanding It
This article outlines errors that may occur when people predict event outcomes. The focus is on how our tendency to perceive independent events as connected, consistent with tenets of Gestalt Psychology, biases our expectations. Two well-documented phenomena that occur when people make predictions after a run of a particular outcome—the “gambler’s fallacy” and the “hot hand”—are used to illustrate the issue, and research is presented that highlights the importance of misperceptions of independence. Novel implications and hypotheses are presented that are generated from use of this gestalt approach.
Dr. Bharati Sethi Assistant Professor, School of Social Work bsethi3@uwo.ca Using the Eye of the Camera to Bare Racism: A Photovoice Project Researchers have well established that visible minorities experience discrimination in the labour market and racism at work; however, few studies have explored the experiences of immigrant visible minority women, especially those residing outside of large urban areas. The focus of this article is to explore participants’ experiences of discrimination and racism using photovoice methodology. The author suggests that social workers can use the participant-generated photographic images as an education and advocacy tool to prevent discrimination and racism in their communities. 79
Researcher Spotlights Dr. Sally McNamee
Associate Professor, CSI Program, Department of Interdisciplinary Programs smcnamee@uwo.ca
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I completed my undergraduate degree in Applied Social Sciences at the University of Humberside, England. I was inspired by work of people like Angela McRobbie and Mica Nava, who were taking a critical feminist stance to the previously male dominated focus in the sociology of youth and youth cultures. Unwilling to stop being a student, I applied to study for a PhD, which I completed at the University of Hull, UK in 1999. Although originally intending to study youth, gender and new technologies, at the time when I began my study the ‘new’ sociology of childhood was rapidly growing as an area of research. My thesis supervisor, Dr. Allison James, was one of the leading figures in this emerging field. I therefore began to see the potential for taking childhood as a lens through which to explore society. Thus, my focus shifted from the social category ‘youth’ to childhood. Involving a critique of both developmental psychology and traditional socialization theory for their focus on children as future ‘becomings’, the ‘new’ sociology of childhood began instead from the standpoint of children to examine children’s agency, competencies, and rights – seeing children as human beings here in the present rather than as humans in the making. The social study of childhood has evolved to become a multidisciplinary area of study, including from those based in anthropology, history, philosophy, social geography,
sociology, children’s literature and so on. What is common, though, is the commitment to take childhood seriously and to critically explore what can be said about children, childhood and ‘the child’. My PhD thesis, entitled ‘Questioning video game use: an exploration of the spatial and gender aspects of children’s leisure’ involved interviews with around 60 children aged 4 – 16 and questionnaire surveys with 1600 children and young people aged between 8 and 16. Following the successful defence, I took employment as a research assistant on research council or British government funded projects in the UK. For example, I worked with leading academics to explore issues of the intersections of disability and sexuality in young people; the constructions of childhood held by practitioners working in the justice system; to investigate the issues around Government policy and funding of initiatives to deal with child poverty in England. In 2006 I was fortunate to be appointed as assistant Professor here at King’s. My research into childhood continues, most recently with projects around Mennonite childhoods in SW Ontario, and a recently completed study with colleagues in Canada and in the UK on children’s understanding of belonging. In addition, I published The Social Study of Childhood in 2016, and I am currently co-editing a collection with contributions from 81
several King’s scholars and with colleagues in Sweden and the UK. My interest in what I have come to call the politics of childhood continues to be strong, although what is particularly gratifying to me is to see the ways in which many of our students respond to the issues raised in all of the courses taught by the talented faculty in CSI. The future of childhood studies lies with them.
Publications (2017-2018) 1. McNamee, Sally. 2016. The Social Study of Childhood. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Abstract: Historically, children were often understood in relation to their development towards adulthood, but the ‘new paradigm’ of childhood studies has since shown how children should be taken more seriously as active participants in their own lives. In this text, children’s engagement in and experience of the social institutions within which childhood takes place are explored. The book offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of childhood studies. Taking a thematic approach, the text explores the ways in which issues such as rights and citizenship, the state, family, school, work, health and globalization shape and are shaped by children. 2. McNamee, Sally. 2017. “Subverting the Research Encounter: Context, Structure and Agency in the Creative Analysis of Research Data.” Pp. 175197 in Researching Children and Youth: Methodological Issues, Strategies and Innovations, edited by I. Castro, M. Swauger, and B. Harger. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing. Abstract: This chapter contends that the use of creative methods with children and young people is less important than creativity in the data analysis process; and introduces a framework for analysis which takes into account structure and agency and reveals the multi-layered context of the research encounter. An original model is presented which researchers can apply to the analysis and interpretation of data. The creative ways in which children and young people use the research encounter are a multi-layered response to context, which additionally demonstrates the creation of “other” spaces in and through their shared talk.
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Researcher Spotlights Dr. Grigori Erenberg Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Business and Math gerenbur@uwo.ca
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While my original and primary specialization is Market Microstructure, my research interests span an array of topics from various disciplines: finance, marketing, legal studies, accounting, economics, and even psychology. There is a unifying concept to all these research projects: the role of market and market participants in information processing. In efficient markets, prices reflect all information relevant to the value of the underlying asset—and quickly adjust to new information. In my research, I investigate what makes markets efficient, as well as how the properties of efficient markets that react to new information can be applied to solving problems in different disciplines. Many considerations affect my choice in research topic. The most important are my interest in the question and my ability to contribute to the question using my expertise and background. For example, I am fascinated with how important and how far reaching is the role of information. The ability to communicate, to receive and selectively transmit the information (signal), is critical for the survival and prosperity of not only human individuals and societies, but the whole living world. Information affects and reflects the behavior; it determines the competitive advantage and the chances of survival. Considering the constant rise in informational flow in our life and the need to process massive amounts of information within increasingly short time limits, I believe that we are only at the beginning of the Information Age in its true meaning. This presents fascinating opportunities for the research in various areas, many of which are truly interdisciplinary. Investigating how financial markets process information may help us understand the role and nature of information in other, non-finance areas.
Publications (2016-2017) 1. Erenburg, Grigori, Janet Kiholm Smith, and Richard Smith. 2016. “Which Institutional Investors Matter for Firm Survival and Performance?� North American Journal of Economics and Finance 37: 348-373. Abstract: Using data that spans three decades, we assess the diverse roles of institutional investors in impacting survival and performance of chronically underperforming firms and contrast the results for consistently overperforming firms. We find material differences in investor roles and investment returns between these samples. Differentiating among institutional types, controlling for prior performance and attrition bias provides insights unattainable by examining aggregated holdings. For underperformers, results are negative for activist pension funds and long-term institutions, positive for activist hedge funds and short-term institutions, and mixed for institutional blockholders. 84
2. Karniouchina, Ekaterina V., Can Uslay, and Grigori Erenburg. 2016. “The Case for Product Placement.� Rutgers Business Review 1(1): 77-83. Abstract: The authors expand on the managerial implications of research that examines the economic value of product placements in movies over four decades. In an event study, they find a positive but inverted U-shape relationship between cumulative abnormal stock market returns and year of movie release and a similar pattern for tie-in advertising campaigns. Using contemporary and quintessential examples for illustration, they make recommendations to boost placement efficacy and conclude that it is important to recognize the enduring effectiveness of the many forms of product placement (e.g., alternative, reverse, category, destination) across multiple platforms in a changing marketing landscape.
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Additions and Corrections Moving forward, we plan to automate the process of collecting titles, authors, and abstracts, not only to minimize the workload but also to reduce the opportunity for errors in inputting all the content found in this document. Given this inaugural edition was, however, done relatively ‘by hand,’ we anticipate that some corrections may be necessary. As such, we’ve saved some space here, to serve as a place-holder should any additions or corrections come up. If you notice an addition or correction that you feel needs addressing, please email research@kings.uwo.ca and we will do our best to make note of it in this section as quickly as possible. We apologize in advance for any errors or omissions.
Contact Information: Dr. Jennifer Jeffrey, Assistant Professor, Economics, Business and Math jjeffr3@uwo.ca Dr. Joseph Michalski, Associate Academic Dean jmichal2@uwo.ca
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