PRE THESIS
PRE THESIS TOPIC: SLUM REHABILITANION
SUBMITTED BY:
SUBMITTED TO:
R.KIRAN KUMAR
PROF.SRINIVASANSIR, REDDY
12061AA005 B.ARCH 4/5 YEAR VCAP
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Table of Contents 1. SYNOPSIS........................................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1
Need for the topic:................................................................................................................................................7
1.2
Aim:....................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3
Objectives:.............................................................................................................................................................7
1.4 Scope :......................................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.5 Limitations:.................................................................................................................................................................. 8 2. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................................. 8 2.1 Slum definition:...........................................................................................................................................................8 2.2 slum profile:...............................................................................................................................................................8 2.3 Reasons for slum formation:........................................................................................................................................8 2.4 Types of slums:............................................................................................................................................................9 Tenable slums:...............................................................................................................................................................9 Untenable slums :..........................................................................................................................................................9 2.5Types of slum redevelopment:...................................................................................................................................10 In situ slum up-gradation :...........................................................................................................................................10 Slum resettlement :.....................................................................................................................................................10 2.6 Prioritization of slums :..............................................................................................................................................10 Insecure tenure of slum pockets:................................................................................................................................10 Housing conditions and infrastructure deficiency:......................................................................................................10 Public land ownership:................................................................................................................................................10 Population density:......................................................................................................................................................11 2.7 Selections of ‘whole slum’ in-situ pilot projects urban:.............................................................................................11 Social feasibility:..........................................................................................................................................................11 Financial feasibility:.....................................................................................................................................................11 Technical feasibility:.....................................................................................................................................................11 2.8slum development strategies:....................................................................................................................................11 Type of development:.....................................................................................................................................................12 2.8.1Development of infrastructure only:.......................................................................................................................12 2.8.2Development of housing and infrastructure:(gap filling):........................................................................................12 SLUM REHABILITATION
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PRE THESIS 2.8.3Remodeling:............................................................................................................................................................12 2.8.4Remodeling and Gap Filling:....................................................................................................................................12 2.8.5Relocation:..............................................................................................................................................................12 2.8.6Remodeling cum relocation:....................................................................................................................................13 2.9Mode of implementation:..........................................................................................................................................13 2.10Slum re-development mainly based on infrastructures:...........................................................................................14 2.10.1. Physical infrastructure:........................................................................................................................................14 2.10.2 Social infrastructure:............................................................................................................................................14 2.10.3Housing infrastructure:..........................................................................................................................................14 2.10.4PARKING :..............................................................................................................................................................15 2.11Room standards:......................................................................................................................................................15 Living room:..................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Kitchen:........................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Toilets:............................................................................................................................................................................. 17 2.12Road:........................................................................................................................................................................ 18 2.13Libraries:................................................................................................................................................................... 20 2.14Primary health care center:......................................................................................................................................21 Rooms:............................................................................................................................................................................ 21 Case study: Jakkumpudi colony.........................................................................................................................................22 3.1Introduction:..............................................................................................................................................................23 3.2Location map:.............................................................................................................................................................24 3.3Route map:.................................................................................................................................................................24 3.4Site analysis:...............................................................................................................................................................25 Approach to the site:...................................................................................................................................................25 Abutting roads of the site:...........................................................................................................................................25 Site surroundings:........................................................................................................................................................25 Site orientation:...........................................................................................................................................................25 site is oriented on the west side......................................................................................................................................25 Site topography:..........................................................................................................................................................25 Soil type:...................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Climatic conditions:.....................................................................................................................................................26 
Total site area: 77.29 Acres.................................................................................................................................26
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Site shape:...........................................................................................................................................................26
Site history:..................................................................................................................................................................26
Site zoning:..............................................................................................................................................................27
Total population:.............................................................................................................................................................27 3.5Housing units:.............................................................................................................................................................28 3.6 Views of housing:......................................................................................................................................................29 3.6Community facilities:..................................................................................................................................................30 3.6.1Kalyanamandapam:.................................................................................................................................................30 3.6.2School:..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.6.3Hospital:.................................................................................................................................................................. 31 Hospital view in BSUP......................................................................................................................................................31 3.6.4 Market:................................................................................................................................................................... 31 3.6.5 Govt. Building:........................................................................................................................................................32 3.6.6services:................................................................................................................................................................... 32 3.6.1 Water supply:.........................................................................................................................................................32 3.6.2Electricity:................................................................................................................................................................33 3.6.3Sanitation:...............................................................................................................................................................33 3.6.4Drainage :................................................................................................................................................................ 33 3.6.5Road width :............................................................................................................................................................33 3.6.6Play area:.................................................................................................................................................................33 3.7Merits......................................................................................................................................................................... 34 3.8 Demerits:................................................................................................................................................................... 34 CASE STUDY 2 -KRIMADOM SLUM......................................................................................................................................35 5.1 Introduction:..............................................................................................................................................................36 5.2location:..................................................................................................................................................................... 36 5.3 Site analysis:..............................................................................................................................................................36 Climatic data:...............................................................................................................................................................36 Approach to site:.........................................................................................................................................................36
Site shape:...........................................................................................................................................................37
Site area:..............................................................................................................................................................37
Site surroundings:........................................................................................................................................................37 Site history:..................................................................................................................................................................37 SLUM REHABILITATION
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PRE THESIS Site zoning:.................................................................................................................................................................. 38 Before re design:.........................................................................................................................................................38 Total area:.................................................................................................................................................................... 38 Topography:.................................................................................................................................................................39 5.5 Services..................................................................................................................................................................... 40 5.5.1Water supply:..........................................................................................................................................................40 5.5.2Storm water:............................................................................................................................................................40 5.5.3Sanitation:...............................................................................................................................................................40 5.5.4Access:..................................................................................................................................................................... 40 5.6 Social amenities:........................................................................................................................................................40 5.7After re –design..........................................................................................................................................................41 5.7.1Infrastructure:.........................................................................................................................................................41 5.7.2Architectural style:..................................................................................................................................................41 5.7.3Layout:..................................................................................................................................................................... 41 5.7.4Road systems:..........................................................................................................................................................41 5.7.5Visual aspects of design:.........................................................................................................................................42 5.8 Individual design :......................................................................................................................................................42 Elevations:................................................................................................................................................................... 45 Elevation treatment:....................................................................................................................................................45 Construction techniques:............................................................................................................................................45 5.9Services:..................................................................................................................................................................... 46 5.9.1Water supply:..........................................................................................................................................................46 5.9.2Rejuvenation of pond(still in working):....................................................................................................................46 5.9.3Biogas plant:............................................................................................................................................................46 5.9.4Sanitation:...............................................................................................................................................................47 5.9.5Electricity:................................................................................................................................................................47 5.9.6Drainage:................................................................................................................................................................. 47 5.9.7Smokeless chula:.....................................................................................................................................................47 5.9.8Retaining wall:.........................................................................................................................................................47 5.9.9Rainwater harvesting:..............................................................................................................................................47 5.10 Community facilities:...............................................................................................................................................47 5.10.1Play areas:.............................................................................................................................................................48 SLUM REHABILITATION
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PRE THESIS 5.10.2Study center cum library:......................................................................................................................................48 5.10.3anganwadi:............................................................................................................................................................48 5.11Merits:...................................................................................................................................................................... 49 5.12De-merits:................................................................................................................................................................ 49 6.1Location:..................................................................................................................................................................... 53
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1. SYNOPSIS 1.1 Need for the topic: Now days, due to development industries in cities and due to less land so many unortharised settlements are happening and creating these un healthy atmosphere, drainage problems, lacking of primary facilities etc. For better standard living condition of urban poor people in cities and it leads to slum free cities, makes good environment. Due to this unhealthy environment drainage problem and dangerous condition of slums so their need slum development.
1.2 Aim:
Creating an income regenerating zone Construction with green concepts To solve infrastructure problems in slums with low coast techniques
1.3 Objectives:
Buildings are construction with low cost materials. Creating an income regenerating zone and recreation zone Creating a needs and requirements with all amenities like Care center, school, market, community hall etc.
Solve the service problems like water and drainage lines and sanitation and more Creating buildings with green interaction spaces with water bodies and amenities
1.4 Scope :
Buildings are designed by using local vernacular architecture
Provide a recreational zone like park and interaction spaces
1.5 Limitations: Not provide a detail structural drawings and services drawings.
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2. INTRODUCTION 2.1 Slum definition: A densely populated usually urban area marked by crowding, dirty run-down housing, poverty, and social disorganization. A ‘slum’ is defined in several ways by different organizations. A slum is identified as “A compact settlement of at least 20 households with a collection of poorly built tenements, mostly of temporary nature, crowded together usually with inadequate sanitary and drinking water facilities in unhygienic conditions”. Most slums lack clean water, electricity, sanitation and other basic services. As per UN-HABITAT, a United Nations agency, slum is an area that combines to various extents the following characteristics: inadequate access to safe water; inadequate access to sanitation and other infrastructure; poor structural quality of housing; overcrowding; and insecure residential status
2.2 slum profile: Out of 111 slums, 58 slums are on state government land, 22 on private land, 27 on local body land and 4 are on railway land. It is observed that 81 slums are in Residential area, 22 in Commercial areas and 8 are in institutional areas.
2.3 Reasons for slum formation: Formation of slums is not a new phenomenon; it was part of history from the early years of industrialization. The main reasons for the formation of slums are population growth, rural urban migration and lack of good governance etc. some of the more common reasons are identified below: Migration from rural to urban areas Lack of affordable housing Lack of secure tenure Unemployment Illiteracy Poor Governance Poverty. It can be summarized that the broad reasons for slum formation can be grouped into two main heads; Population growth and governance. SLUM REHABILITATION
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2.4 Types of slums: Tenable slums: Means all slums which are not located on hazardous locations suitable for human habitation and the land is not earmarked for any major public facilities and therefore it can be regularized in the same location.
Untenable slums
:
Untenable slums are those slums which are on environmentally hazardous sites ecologically sensitive sites and on land marked for public utilities and services.
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2.5Types of slum redevelopment: In situ slum up-gradation
:
The process of improving the quality or expanding of dwelling spaces occupied by slum dwellers with provision of basic services and infrastructure services. – means the process of redeveloping slum areas by providing proper access, dwelling unit, open spaces and other basic other services to the slum dwellers on land on which the slum exists Slum resettlement
:
The process of relocation and settlement of slum dwellers from the existing untenable slums to an alternative site with provision of dwelling space, basic civic and infrastructural services.
2.6 Prioritization of slums : Parameters for prioritization of slums for implementation of in-situ improvement/redevelopment for first phase of implementation for tenable slums are suggested below: Insecure tenure of slum pockets: Settlements without any security of tenure are most vulnerable and therefore should be given priority in selection for improvement.
Housing conditions and infrastructure deficiency: Settlements with poor housing conditions and infrastructure deficiency should be given high priority for improvements.
Public land ownership: Slum pockets on public sector owned land should be prioritized for improvement, as slums on private land would either require negotiations with owner or time-consuming acquisition. Slum improvement/redevelopment should first be taken up where land is owned by Government agencies.
Population density: Priority should be given to small and medium size slums with low or moderate densities as it is difficult to improve very high density large slums.
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2.7 Selections of ‘whole slum’ in-situ pilot projects urban: Local Bodies (ULBs) need to identify tenable slums located on state government lands and municipal lands for pilot projects. A detailed project formulation at slum level needs to be prepared based on the three criteria described below:
Social feasibility: Majority of the slum community involved must ratify the need for slum improvement in a general meeting Financial feasibility: Before authorizing the execution of the work and receiving its initial payment from the government. Technical feasibility: Any work should have a design that meets norms and specifications underlined by municipal government/sub-division rules or their agreed variation. Estimate future housing needs and assess demand for low income housing in the city for next 10 years (projections for next 10 years-workout cumulative and yearly demand).
2.8slum development strategies: Criteria for Formulating Slum Development Strategies Based upon the detail analysis of the data collected, the following criteria are identified for the Development of Strategies. Type of development: This refers to the development category in which a slum is placed depending upon the extent of deficiencies in the housing or physical infrastructure. Accordingly, a slum may require remodeling, development of infrastructure alone, a combination of both, or total relocation. The types of development are as follows: SLUM REHABILITATION
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2.8.1Development of infrastructure only: Without housing: This strategy is valid for slums which have 100% pucca houses. The deficiencies in the infrastructure by overcome by undertaking necessary works to plug the gaps.
2.8.2Development of housing and infrastructure:(gap filling): In slums which have a mix of katcha and pucca houses, this strategy aims to develop the katcha houses. Simultaneously, gaps in the infrastructure will also be filled by formulating appropriate proposals.
2.8.3Remodeling: This strategy is specifically for slums which are having a large percentage of katcha houses. In such a scenario a totally new layout will be implemented along with necessary physical infrastructure.
2.8.4Remodeling and Gap Filling: This is a special class of strategy in which slums which have both housing and or infrastructure deficiencies will be taken up for development.
2.8.5Relocation: This strategy is designed for slums which are located in hazardous zones and hence have to be relocated either an existing slum or a new area or colony.
2.8.6Remodeling cum relocation: In slums having a very high population density it is not possible to remodel them in a manner which accommodates all the households. In such slums the strategy would be to relocate some of the households in a new location.
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2.9Mode of implementation: The various options for implementing the slum free city plan include public-private partnership, Special Purpose Vehicle and development by the local body, i.e. VMC. Three modes of implementation of the Slum Free City Plan are envisioned which have been listed above. The developed strategies are related to the mode of implementation and the type of development. The Public-Private Partnership mode entails development of the slum through a partnership between the slum dwellers and a private investor. Slums in which there is no scope of private investment will be developed by constitution of a special purpose vehicle. This will ensure that the ULB or the Government has overall control of the project. Lastly, the mode of implementation titled ULB (VMC) implies development of housing or infrastructure by the Urban Local Body which is the Vijayawada Municipal Corporation.
2.10Slum re-development mainly based on infrastructures: SLUM REHABILITATION
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2.10.1. Physical infrastructure: a. Water supply b. Drainage c. Sewerage and Sanitation d. Solid Waste Management e. Access road f. Electricity
2.10.2 Social infrastructure: a. Community hall b. Balwadi/ School c. Market/ Shopping d. Play area/ park
2.10.3Housing infrastructure: Dwelling units should be a mix of EWS/LIG/MIG categories with the maximum size of a dwelling unit being at 1200 square feet super area, with at least 25% -EWS -300 square feet carpet area, the minimum carpet area for EWS category shall be 25 square meters. maximum carpet area for MIG category shall be 80 square meters. LIG category house would be limited to a maximum of 48 square meters b) The sale price of dwelling units should have an upper ceiling in terms of Rupees per square meter of carpet area. The price ceiling would be settled in consultation with the States/UTs for different classes of cities.
2.10.4PARKING :
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Parking is one of the most difficult issues to resolve in affordable housing development projects. It can overwhelm the best designed buildings and open spaces, so its overall impact must be handled very carefully.
2.11Room standards:
.
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Living room:
Kitchen:
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Toilets:
2.12Road: SLUM REHABILITATION
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Score 1: 60% or more of the in-slum roads have a min of 3 m width Score 2: Less than 60% of the in-slum roads are of 3 m width. The consideration of high and low level of infrastructure status is based on a total Score as stipulated above. The total Score would be between min of 5 to a maximum of 10. The following total Score is considered: ď‚— Total Score of less or equal to 7: High level of Infrastructure (Code 1) ď‚— Total Score of greater than 7: Low level of Infrastructure (Code2).
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2.13Libraries: Library perform a range of functions in society.
Shelving units: unit height -2300mm(book stock areas) Shelf depth -200-300mm Width of unit-900-1800mm
BOOK STACKS: length of shelves -4units-3600mm -6units-5400mm -8 units-7200mm
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2.14Primary health care center: PHC Building location should be centrally located in an easily accessible area. Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) GUIDELINES for Primary Health Centers 13 The plinth area would vary from 375 to 450 sq. meters. Entrance with Barrier free access Barrier free access environment for easy access to no ambulant (wheel-chair, stretcher), semi-ambulant, visually disabled and elderly persons asper guidelines of GOI. Ramp as per specification, Hand- railing, AND PROPER lightning etc. must be provided in all health facilities and retrofitted in older one which lack the same. The doorway leading to the entrance should also have a ramp facilitating easy access for old and physically challenged patients. SLUM REHABILITATION
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Rooms:
Labor Room (3.8 m x 4.2 m) Dressing Room (3.8 m x 2.7 m) Emergency Laboratory (3.8 m x 2.7 m) General store Dispensing cum store area: 3 m x 3 m Cold Chain room –Size: 3 m x 4 m Logistics Room – Size: 3 m x 4 m Generator room – Size: 3 m x 4 m Office room 3.5 m x 3.0 Counseling. Wards 5.5 m x 3.5 m
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Case study: Jakkumpudi colony
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3.1Introduction: •
Basic services of urban poor in Jakkumpudi colony, residents there called it as ysr colony is a slum rehabilitation project under the jnnur mission.
•
The project is constructed over an area of 79.5 acres.
•
This project is helpful for owning houses for the poor from different places.
•
The project is provided with many other requirements and services
•
It is completed in 2011 .
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3.2Location map: It is located near jakkampudi colony in the outskirts of vijayawada urban.
3.3Route map:
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3.4Site analysis: Approach to the site: 10km from bus stand 8 km from railway station Abutting roads of the site: Vijayawada inner ring road Site surroundings:
North: agricultural lands South: electrical loco shed East: agricultural lands West: agricultural lands Site orientation:
site is oriented on the west side Site topography: No contours are present
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Soil type: Black soil
Climatic conditions: Maximum and minimum temperatures are 47˚c and 20˚c The average humidity is 78%. the average annual rainfall is 921.5 millimeters
Total site area: 77.29 Acres
Site shape: site shape was irregular
Site history: The jawaharlal nehru national urban renewal mission launched in december 2005 Jnnurm envisages a series of reforms at the state and urban local body levels for the urban poverty alleviation with basic amenities to the poor in a sustainable manner.
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Site zoning:
HOUSING UNITS – 74 ACRES COMMON GROUND- 1.21ACRES HOSPITAL – 0.12 ACRES GOVT. BUILDING – 0.61ACRES KALYANAMANDAPAM – 0.39ACRES FISH MARKET – 0.06 ACRES SCHOOL AND PLAY GROUND 0.90 ACRES
Total population: 9000
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3.5Housing units: •
BSUP in Jakkumpudi has 252 apartments. Each having 4 floors.
•
A total of 2016 units are designed for 9000 members in a total area of 74 acres
•
Each floor has 8 units and is provided with 2 STAIR CASES and individual water tanks.
•
Each unit has a common room, a kitchen , toilet and a balcony in an area of 35 sq.mts
TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN OF HOUSING Orientation of blocks: The dwelling blocks are oriented with their shorter sides in the west -south axis
Each block area: 35 sq mts
3.6 Views of housing:
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3.6Community facilities: 3.6.1Kalyanamandapam: •
Kalyanamandapam is designed in BSUP with the capacity of 3000 people.
•
It is provided with rest rooms, toilets and wash areas in each floor.
•
It is designed in 2 floors
3.6.2S ool:
h
Government school is provided in bsup with two floors and a play ground Front elevation and interior of kalyanamandapam
View of school with play ground
3.6.3Hospital: •
HOSPITAL IS UNDER CONSTRUCTION AND IS DESIGNED IN TWO FLOORS.
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c
PRE THESIS
Hospital view in BSUP 3.6.4 Market: •
Fish market is also provided in BSUP
•
Fish market – 0.06 acres
3.6.5 Govt. Building:
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•
Govt. Building is provided in BSUP with two floors
•
This building used for the electrical and some other billing purposes
•
Total area : 0.61acres
3.6.6services: 3.6.1 Water supply: water distribution lines will also be provided till the upper most floors
3.6.2Electricity: Electric posts at approximately 13m apart are to be provided. Street light are to be provided along with these posts. To maintain a well light and safe environment at night, proper street lighting has been provided all along the pathways.
3.6.3Sanitation: The sewage is collected from all the units and connected to the sewerage system. Manholes are to be provided where every junction.
3.6.4Drainage :
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According to the design, storm water drains are to be provided along the roads and discharged to the city drainage system
3.6.5Road width : 8m wide road and 12m wide roads are provided.
3.6.6Play area: Playground has been provided which also doubles up as a gathering space for functions of the residents.
3.7Merits: •
Housing units are well designed with good ventilation
•
Roads are wide and good
•
Services are providing with the public demands
3.8 Demerits: •
No proper drainage facilities are provided.
•
There is no security to the public.
•
Parks and other recreation spaces are not provided.
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•
Hygine levels are low
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CASE STUDY 2 -KRIMADOM SLUM
5.1 Introduction: SLUM REHABILITATION
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PRE THESIS Karimadom colony is located in the heart of the city, near the famous Chalai market. Over time, settlers from different parts encroached the area around the pond and gradually developed into a notorious slum Karimadom colony. This bad reputation came due to the antisocial activities of this area. A judicious work of social workers, politicians etc have brought about a social change among the inmates over the past few years.
5.2location: The colony is situated in between Chalai market and Manacaud market. It is 1km away from the railway station and central bus stand. Also 500m from the city stand east fort.
5.3 Site analysis: Climatic data: The city has a climate that borders between a tropical savanna climate and a tropical monsoon climate.
Approach to site: By bus 5min from tiruvananthapuram Wakable distance from railway station It was near to east port.

Site shape:
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
Site shape was irregular. But it has roads on its 3 sides.
 Site area: Total site area was extended on 9.73 acers land including pound.
Site surroundings:
Site history: 10 years ago, 72 dwelling units were sanctioned and completed by the government. But rest of the families is still in shacks. Government proposal is to redevelop this entire colony, by providing housing for these people and to create livable and lovable spaces and a peaceful environment, where people can reside with a sense of security.
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Site zoning:
Before re design:
 Geographical/existing conditions of site: Population: The total population of the colony is 2341 . Total area: The total area of the colony is 9.73 acres including the pond.
Topography: The colony is situated in a low lying area of the city. The land lies 60 cm below the existing roads. The site slopes slightly toward the sewage collection pond. SLUM REHABILITATION
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5.4Housing and settlement pattern: The existing settlement pattern and condition of houses is as shown in the drawing. As per CDP, in this colony there are 613 people who live in shacks. But according to KERALA Government primary survey, it was found that there are 632 families residing in the colony out of which 72 families have been provided with habitable houses 10 years ago. Rest of the 560 families live in shacks and in dilapidated houses. Hence only these 560 houses are to be reconstructed.
Schematic Section of colony showing existing open spaces
5.5 Services SLUM REHABILITATION
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5.5.1Water supply: For drinking water inhabitants depend on the water supplied by the Corporation. Majority of the houses do not have individual water supply connection
5.5.2Storm water: During monsoons, the situation is such that storm water gets mixed with the city sewage system and gets collected along with it in the pond. This overfills the pond and floods the colony.
5.5.3Sanitation: Majority of the houses do not have adequate sanitary facilities. They depend on common toilets which are in good condition
5.5.4Access: The main access road is 8m wide tarred centralroad dividing the colony into two. The internal roads are absent. There are only 0.8 to 1.2m wide winding pathways connecting thickly populated residential units. Flooding of roads during the rainy season blocks the access to the residences.
5.6 Social amenities: There are two anganwadi's and health center is not working
5.7After re –design: Redeveloping this entire colony, by providing housing for 560 families.
5.7.1Infrastructure: Layout were opted for 28 no.s of G+3 dwelling blocks .
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5.7.2Architectural style: Vernacular style-by using beicks and tiles .
5.7.3Layout: Renowned Ar. Laurie Baker, derived the concept for the entire design. The layout is such that it creates several interactive community spaces along with a large centralized open space.
5.7.4Road systems: The road layout is basically a network of 2.m wide pathways. Connecting the units and surrounding the residential blocks on all four sides, as the entrance to various units is from all four sides of the blocks.
5.7.5Visual aspects of design:  Entrance: A strong sense of space is created at the community gathering space, as it helps create openness.
 Landmark: Since it is a new beginning for this group of beneficiaries, a central sculpture at the center of the large open space which acts as a landmark and also as a collective identity for the community is proposed. SLUM REHABILITATION
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5.8 Individual design : 1)The proposal is for 28 nos of a ground three dwelling block to house these families. 2)The dwelling block design comprises of 20 units with 8 on the ground floor, 6 on the first floor, 4 on the second floor and 2 on the third floor. 3) 18 nos of dwelling blocks are overlooking a central open space, which creates a feeling of openness on entering the area provided.
Orientation of blocks: The dwelling blocks are oriented with their shorter sides in the north -south axis
Dwelling blocks and Open spaces (Source: COSTFORD, Primary survey, Mar 2007)
Area of each block: Area of each unit is 31 Sq m. Plan of block:
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Ground,1,2,3 floor plans:
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Elevations:
Elevation treatment: Exposed brick walls Extended slab projections, etc
Construction techniques:
Staircase was constructed of filled brick slab and brick. Filled slab with clay tiles and r.c.c Wall was constructed of brick are wooden framed windows.
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masonry,
window
PRE THESIS
5.9Services: 5.9.1Water supply: Water distribution lines will also be provided till the upper most floors. They stored water by the implementation of the Japan aided water supply scheme.
5.9.2Rejuvenation of pond(still in working): The proposal is to rejuvenate the existing sewage collection pond. It includes cleaning desilting and side protection of the pond using dry rubble.
5.9.3Biogas plant: The power is generated in a generator room and utilized for street lighting of 10 nos. This is an environmental friendly move, as these effectively reduces the dumping of waste into the pond and help maintain clean and healthy environment. Compost pit is also provided near the plant.
5.9.4Sanitation: The sewage is collected from all the units and connected to the sewerage system. Manholes are to be provided where every junction. SLUM REHABILITATION
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5.9.5Electricity: Electric posts at approximately 13m apart are to be provided. Street light are to be provided along with these posts. To maintain a well light and safe environment at night, proper street lighting has been provided all along the pathways.
5.9.6Drainage: According to the design, storm water drains are to be provided along the roads and discharged to the city drainage system.
5.9.7Smokeless chula: Provide smokeless chula in individual houses as an energy efficient mechanism.
5.9.8Retaining wall: It is proposed to construct a retaining the filled earth all around the colony.
5.9.9Rainwater harvesting: All houses through the provision of circular Ferro cement rainwater harvesting tanks supported on brick legs about 60cm high. These would be of capacity 1200lts. In Kerala they are having an average of 140 days rain.
5.10 Community facilities:
5.10.1Play areas: Playground has been provided which also doubles up as a gathering space for functions of the families. Rest of the community spaces at various portions of the design are such that they can also be used as play areas for various age groups. SLUM REHABILITATION
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5.10.2Study center cum library: For the Empowerment of the beneficiary population study centers. Taking into account the social condition of the beneficiaries, it is necessary to provide a space for children to come and study at night, as the atmosphere in their homes may not be conducive for learning. Separate study centres are provided for girls & boys.
5.10.3anganwadi: Two Anganwadis are proposed. This would enable both the parents to go for work and lead to a better social development of the children. And work space.
5.11Merits: The infrastructural facilities and services in this type design are more economical than providing for individual units.
5.12De-merits: There is a need for parks & open spaces for better social interactions through public gatherings. SLUM REHABILITATION
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
SLUM REHABILITATION
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LITERATURE STUDY Housing
CASE STUDY JAKKUMPUDI COLONY
CASE STUDY KARIMADOM COLONY
The minimum area It is designed each for each unit is 30 sq unit with 31 sq m m
It is designed each unit with 31 sq m
Minimum width for narrow lane 1.5m3.0m
They provided 3.0 m wide roads
They provided 3.0 m wide roads
Minimum width for main street is 7.0m t0 9.0m
8.0 m roads are provided in jakkumpudi colony
8.0 m roads are provided in karimadom colony
Pathways
Minimum width for pathways is 1.0 m to 3.0m
In jakkcoloumpudi they give a good connectivity of pathways with 2m width and provided green space s along the pathways
In karimadom colony they give a good connectivity of pathways.
Water supply
60% or more of household should have individual connection
They gave individual connection for each unit
They gave individual connection for each unit
Drainage
60% or more inslum drains are covered and are pucca drains
In jakkupudi colony they provided pucca drainage lines in every street and connected to the city drainage system.
In karimadom colony they provided pucca drainage lines in every street and connected to the city drainage system.
Road
SLUM REHABILITATION
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Electricity
electrical poles should be at an interval of 10m to 13m approx.
electrical poles are at 13m interval are provided .street lights are provided along with these poles
Hospital
min area for hospital 375 to 450m sq
hospital is provided with 485 sq m
Green space
5-10 % of land should be used for the greenery land scape
they used below 10% space for the landscape
they used below 10% space for the landscape
Sanitation
60% or more having individual toilet unit (with toilet seats)
Every house have a individual toilet
Every house have a individual toilet
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electrical poles are at 13m interval are provided .street lights are provided along with these poles
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SITE LOCATION
SLUM REHABILITATION
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6.1Location:
Devinagar is a residential area , it is located in between the two canals bhukingham and Budameru canals. The narrow land between the canals are densely populated slum area.
SLUM REHABILITATION
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in this area people faced the lot problems .like they don’t have a proper houses these are lives in shuts. And no proper services like water supply .and drainage system and electrical lines and sanitation lines and no proper roads and total population in this slum 800 they don’t have social amenities like school, hospital and extra
RELOCATION SITE:-
Land for relocation is near to the slum area on the other side of budameru canal
SLUM REHABILITATION
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SITE ANALYSIS:-
ACCESS TO THE SITE:5km distance from bus stand 4 km Distance from railway station
ABUTTING ROADS OF THE SITE: Vijayawada inner ring road
SITE SORROUNDINGS:
North: housing SLUM REHABILITATION
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south: housing East: agricultural lands West: railway station
SITE ORIENTATION: site is oriented on the north side
SITE TOPOGRAPHY: No contours are present
SOIL TYPE: Black soil
• CLIMATIC CONDITIONS: Maximum and minimum temperatures are 47˚c and 20˚c The average humidity is 78%. the average annual rainfall is 921.5 millimeters
SLUM REHABILITATION
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REFERENCES:UNHABITAT.ORG
HTTP://WWW.COSTFORD.COM/KARIMADOM
TSS STANDARDS
%20COLONY.HTML
SLUM REHABILITATION
WWW.ONEFIVENINE.COM
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