The Crucial Role of Zoological Koalas in Preserving Genetic Diversity and Protecting the Species

Koalas, those iconic marsupial’s beloved around the world, face a multitude of threats in the wild. Their population numbers continue to dwindle due to deforestation, the spread of diseases such as Chlamydia and retroviruses, and the introduction of diseases from feral dogs and cats, notably Bordetella. In addition to these challenges, inbreeding in the wild and regional differences among koala populations pose significant risks to their genetic diversity and long-term survival.

As wildlife keepers, our commitment to koalas extends beyond the bounds of zoological institutions. We recognise the importance of maintaining disease-free populations and ensuring that exhibited koalas do not mix with their wild counterparts while ensuring healthy, strong genetics. This approach aligns with the guidelines set forth by the Zoological Association of Australia (ZAA). Yearly breeding decisions are made under these guidelines, with a strict emphasis on avoiding unnecessary breeding and promoting genetic diversity through inter-facility collaboration. We understand that diseases can be passed on through genetics and direct contact, emphasising the need for strict biosecurity to limit transmission between populations.

One may wonder why zoological koalas are just as important as their wild counterparts. The answer lies in the bigger picture plan for koala conservation. By maintaining exhibited koalas with clean bloodlines, we contribute to the long-term genetic viability of the species. This genetic diversity is crucial for the species’ adaptation and resilience to changing environmental conditions. With experts predicting that by 2050, wild koalas could be extinct, being able to provide these healthy bloodlines will increase the likelihood of the survival of viable koala populations, in the hope of preventing them from slipping into extinction. In the first instance, however, we all must work together to provide wild koalas a chance to thrive through conservation efforts. When and if the government decides it is time for zoological facilities to step in with our insurance populations of koalas, Oakvale and many other institutions are ready and willing to support the conservation efforts.

To counter these immediate threats, we need frontline support in the form of veterinarians and wildlife carers for wild koalas. Zoos play an indispensable role in longterm management, contributing to genetic diversity and safeguarding the species.

One crucial aspect of our mission is education. We engage with the public through school group visits, private encounters, and daily educational talks. Our goal is to raise awareness about the challenges facing koalas and the vital role played by zoological institutions in their conservation. To increase the likelihood of the survival of koalas, we must embrace a holistic approach.

While our exhibited koalas are essential for genetic diversity, we have created the “Save Our Wildlife” campaign, which supports other wildlife foundations in their bid to help save species from extinction. We do this by channelling donated funds towards organisations like Tilligary Habitat to protect and conserve the local wild population. Together, we can work towards a future where zoological and wild koalas thrive, preserving these iconic creatures for generations.