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cd]l/sfdf d] dlxgfe/ ‘dfgl;s :jf:Yo r]tgf dlxgf’ (Mental Health Awareness Month) sf ?kdf dgfOG5 . of] dlxgfdf lvGgtf (Depression), dgf]efhg (Schizophrenia) h:tf dfgl;s ;d:ofk|lt r]tgf hufOG5 . dfgl;s ladf/ eGgfn] dfgl;s, cfgLafgL jf efjgfTds la;~rf] a'lemG5 . To;}u/L o; cj;/df Psvfnsf] dfgl;s ;d:of dflgPsf] cfTdxTof (Suicide) af/] klg ;a}sf] Wofg cfs[i6 u/fOG5 . n n tgfjsf nIf0fx¿ o:tf 5g\ M 6fpsf] b'Vg', lgb|f gnfUg', /S;L lkpg', a]sfd] ePsf] cg'ej ug'{, lrRofpg', l/; p7\g' jf ;fyLefO{–Oi6ldqnfO{ 5Ng' cflb .
tgfj sd ug{ o;f] u/f}+ tgfj÷lvGgtf÷lbSbf/L ePdf o;f] ubf{ cln /fxt dx;'; x'G5 eGg] ;'emfj cd]l/sg ;fOsnlhsn Pzf]l;P;g (American Psychological Association; APA) n] lbPsf] 5 M l sfd ubf{ a]nfa]nf 5'l§ lng] u/f}+ . nuftf/ sfd ubf{ tgfj x'G5 . l s;/t -Jofofd_ ug]{ afgL a;fnf}+ . lbgx'F sl/a $)–$% ldg]6 lxF8] klg x'G5 . l xfF;f}+ . v'n]/ xfF;f}+ . o;sf nflu c?;Fu s'/fsfgL ug{'k5{ . s'/fsfgL ubf{ ljleGg ljifodf 5nkmn klg x'G5 . l cfkm"nfO{ tgfj ePsf] c?nfO{ atfcf}+ . ;'emfj lng cfjZos eP l9nf] ug'{x'Gg . lrlsT;ss} ;Nnfx lng ;lsG5 . l Wofg ugf{n] tgfj sd x'G5 . of] ;+;f/sf w]/} dflg;n] ljZjf; u/]sf] Pp6f pkfo xf] . l lgb|f k'¥ofpg'k5{ . kof{Kt ;'Tg'k5{ . l kf]lifnf vfgf vfg'k5{ . hLjg dxTjk"0f{ 5 . a'emf}+ . To;} v]/ gkmfnf}+ . af“sL k[i7 @ df
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l/; p7\g' jf ;fyLefO{– Oi6ldqnfO{ 5Ng' x'g\ . o:tf] ubf{ub}{ dflg;n] cfˆgf] Hofg lng] lg0f{o klg ug{;S5 . cfTdxTof /f]Sg ;lsG5 cfTdxTofsf] r]tfjgL lbg] s]xL ;+s]tx? o:tf x'G5g\ M s ;fdfGo lg/fzf, d[To' jf cfTdxTofaf/] s'/f ul//xg' . s labf x'g] a]nf ePsf] h:tf] ug'{, h:tf] M cfˆgf lrhx? c?nfO{ lbg' jf …nf} x}, labfÚ eGg' . s cf©" /dfpg] u/]sf ultljlwaf6 klG5g' . s kl/jf/ jf ;fyLx?af6 6fl9g' . ;Dks{df ga:g' . s cf©"nfO{ xfgL ug]{ Jojxf/ ug'{, h:tf] M lgoldt nfu'– cf}ifw jf /S;L ;]jg . olb s;}n] cf©}FnfO{ rf]6 k'¥ofpg vf]H5, cfTdxTofsf] k|of; u5{ jf To:tf ljifodf s'/f u5{ eg] (!! df ©f]g ug'{xf];\ . s;}n] o:tf]
u/]/ klg …s;}nfO{ geGg' x}Ú eG5 eg] klg d]l8sn If]qsf dflg;nfO{ o; ljifodf atfpg' lgs} /fd|f] x'G5 . tkfO{+ cf©}Fn] klg cf©"nfO{ rf]6 nufpg'eof] jf cfTdxTof ug]{ ljrf/ cfof] eg] (!! df ©f]g ug'{k5{ . tYofª\s s] eG5 < ;g\ @)!) df cd]l/sfsf @) k|ltzt jo:snfO{ dfgl;s ;d:of ePsf] ;A:6]G; cAo'h PG8 d]G6n x]Ny ;le{;]h P8\ ldlg:6]«;g (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration) gfds
;+:yfsf] k|ltj]bgn] eg]sf] 5 . cj:yf s] 5 < dfgl;s ladf/ ePsf] JolQm a:g] 3/df Pp6f sfnf] afbn 5fpF5 . o:tf ladf/ ePsf dflg;nfO{ c?n] …l5 l5 b'/ b'/Ú u5{g\ . sf]xL dfgl;s /f]uL cfqmfds x'G5g\ .
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tkfO{+ !* b]lv @% jif{;Ddsf] k'?if x'g'x'G5 eg] cfˆgf] gfd …;]n]lS6e ;le{;Ú df btf{ u/fpg}k5{ . o;/L gfd btf{ ug'{kg]{df z/0ffyL{x?, :yfoL jfl;Gbfx? / gful/sx? k5{g\ . cd]l/sf cfpg]lalQs} jf !* cf}+ hGdlbg dgfPsf] #) lbgleq o; ;]jfdf cfˆgf] gfd btf{ u/fpg'– k5{ . …;]n]lS6e ;le{;Ú Ps ;/sf/L lgsfo xf] . vfFrf] k/]sf a]nf ;/sf/n] o;df btf{ ePsf o'jfnfO{ cd]l/sf ;]gfdf sfd ug{ af]nfpF5 . clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ;]gfsf ;a} ;b:o :jo+;]js x'g\ .
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cl/hf]gf /fHosf] ;Ldf Go' d]lS;sf] (New Mexico), o'6f (Utah), g]ef8f (Nevada), Soflnkmf]lg{of (California) / sf]nf]/f8f] (Colorado) /fHox¿;Fu hf]l8Psf] 5 . blIf0ftkm{ d]lS;sf] (Mexico) gfds b]z 5 .
d] dlxgfdf dgfOg] …ddf]l/on 8]Ú sf lbg cgf}krfl/s ?kdf udL{ df};d z'? ePsf] dflgG5 . t/ o; jif{ udL{ h'gsf] @) df z'? x'G5 . udL{sf] Pp6f /dfOnf] kIf eg]sf] ljleGg vfnsf kmnkm"n kfOg' xf] . w]/} kmn kfOG5g\ . tfhf / :jflbnf kmn kfOG5g\ . xfdL kmnkm"n 5fg]/ lsG5f}+ . cfFvfn] b]Vb}df dfq sxfF lrQ a'‰5 / < sf]xL ;'F3]/, sf]xL 5fd]/, sf]xL lyr]/ kmn 5fGg] u5f}{+ . udL{df kfOg] kmn 5fGg] tl/sf eg] cln leGg 5 . km/s kmn 5fGg] tl/sf km/s 5g\ . cflv/ kl/jf/sf nflu s'g kmn s;/L 5fGg] t < * cf? (Peach) M /ftf eO;s]sf cf? kfs]sf g} x'G5g\ eGg] x'Gg . kfs]sf cf?sf] af:gf cfpF5 . bfu nfu]sf / uLnf] eO;s]sf cf? 3/ gNofpg'xf];\ . 3/ NofP/ sfuhsf] y}nf]df b'O{ lbg /
fv]kl5 vfgldNg] cf? Nofpg'xf];\ . * t/a'hf] (Watermelon) M t/a'hf], v/a'hf cflb gfdn] lrlgg] of] kmn lsGbf cf}+nfn] lyRg'xf];\ jf 5fDg'xf];\ . cln ;fx|f] jf ux|f}+ 5 / To;sf] k'R5/sf] efu kx]+nf] 5 eg] Tof] /fd|f] x'G5 . * r]/L÷k}o“" (Cherry) M r]/L lsGbf 6dSs ePsf x'g\ / uf9f /ftf] /+usf x'g\ . w]/} uLnf] eO;s]sf jf sfnf] uf9f /+u klg eO;s]sf r]/L glsGg'xf];\ . * kx]+nf] -km';|f]_ t/a'hf] (Cantaloupe) M aflx/ km';|f] / v;|f] t/a'hf] g]kfn, ef/t / e"6fgdf kmNb}g . o;sf] g]kfnL gfd 5}g . o;nfO{ c+u|]hLdf …SofG6n"kÚ elgG5 . e]6\g'÷8fF7;lxtsf] SofG6n"k cln kfs]sf] / :jflbnf] gx'g;S5 . af]qmf kx]+lnPsf SofG6n"k :jflbnf] x'G5g\ . kmn vfg'cl3 kmn kvfNg'xf];\ . kmn sf6\g'cl3 rSs'÷r'n];L klg t kvfNbf o;df ePsf AofS6]l/of kmnleq hfFb}gg .
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cl/hf]gf /fHo ;g\ !(!@ km]a'c | /L !$ df cd]l/sfsf] $* cf}+ /fHo ag]sf] xf] . cd]l/sfsf $* /fHo Ps–
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rf/}lt/ e"ld -e"kl/j]li7t_ ePsf] of] /fHosf rf/ s'gf 5g\ . n nn
cd]l/sfnfO{ cfk|jf;Lx?sf] b]z (country of immigrants) elgG5 . To;}n] oxfF ljleGg vfnsf vfgf vfPsf] kfOG5 . cd]l/sfsf] s]xL vfgf klZrd o'/f]kaf6 l;s]/ agfpg yflnPsf] xf] . cd]l/sfsf] vfgfx?df ux'Fsf] w]/} k|of]u x'G5 . k/Dk/fut cd]l/sL vfgfx?df 6sL{ r/fsf] df;'sf] kl/sf/, d[u -ldu{_ sf] df;', cfn', ;s/sGb, ds}, km;L{, d]kn l;/k -lkm/lkm/] hftsf] ?vsf] /; lgsfn]/ ksfOPsf] rf:gL_ cflb x'g\ . dlngf] cfuf]df ksfOPsf] ;'Fu'/sf]
df;', ufO{sf] kf]lnPsf] df;', s]s, cfn'sf] lrK;, ld;|Lsf] /]zf, rsn]6 h:tf vfgfx? cd]l/sL vfgfx?df k5{g\ . kfp/f]6LnfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ agfOg] ljleGg kl/sf/x? 5g\ . h:tf] M Xofdau{/, x6 8u cflb . oLafx]s k|m]Gr k|mfO{ -cfn' tf/]sf_, lkHhf, PKkn kfO{, sf]s h:tf k]o, skmL cflb k|z:t ?kdf vfg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . cd]l/sLx?sf kl/sf/ ToxLF k|of]u ul/+b} cfPsf / aflx/af6 hfg]n] NofPsf kl/sf/x? 5g\ .
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cfpg lbg', egf{ ug'{, u|x0f ug'{, :jLsf/ ug'{, cg'dlt lbg' . • adopt : lng', uf]b lng', u|x0f ug{', cf>o lng', :jLsf/ ug{', wd{k'q lng' . • adult : o'jf, jo:s, pd]/ k'u]sf], aflnu, nf7], ;fdYo{, ;dly{nf], cwa}+;], nSs8, hjfg . • advance : a9\g', cl3 ;g{', cl3 a9\g', cu|;/ x'g', pGglt ug{'Ù pGglt, a9tL, a}gf, C0f, clu|d, k]ZsL, shf{ . • advantage : pknlAw, kmfObf, nfe, ;'ljwf, pksf/, kmfk, vfF8f], 5f]k, bfp, kmlnkmfk, sNof0f . • adventure : cleofg, ;fx;L sfo{, s/t"t . • advertise : lj1fkg ug{', 3f]if0ff ug{', ;"rgf ug'{ . • advertisement : lj1fkg, 3f]if0ff, ;"rgf . • advice : ;nf{x, ;/ ;Nnfx, ctL{, pkb]z,
k/fdz{, ;Ddlt . • advise : ;Nnfx lbg', ;Demfpg', pkb]z lbg', ;"rgf ug{' . • affair : dfdnf, sfh, Jofkf/, sf/f]af/, w"g, sfo{, jf/bft . • affect : k|efj kfg{', nxl;g', :jfª kfg{'Ù efjgf, OR5f . • affection : :g]x, k|]d, jfT;No, ;+;lQm, cf;ls, df]x, k|Llt, cg'/lQm, cg'/fu, dfof . • afford : k' ¥ofpg', lbg', vr{ ug{' . • afraid : q:t, em;ª\u -x'g'_, 8:g', ;z+lst, 8/fPsf], eoeLt, ys{dfg, y/y/. • Africa : clk|msf, clk|msf dxfb]z . • after : kl5, kl5Nnf], tTkZrft, cjlzi6, clg, cg';f/, pk/fGt . • afternoon : lbpF;f]sf] !@ ah]kl5, ck/fGx, lbpF;f], ;fFem, e/] . • afterwards : To;kl5, tTkZrft . -qmdzM_
dgkg]{ kl/sf/ v'jfpg] ul/G5 .
ddf]l/on 8] jif{sf] kfFrf}+ dlxgf …d]Ú df kg]{ rf8–kj{ M
lgi7f lbj; cd]l/sfk|lt lgi7f hgfpg tyf cd]l/sL :jtGqtfsf] ;Dkbf klxrfgsf nflu lgi7f lbj; (Loyalty Day) dgfpg] ul/G5 . klxn] cd]l/sLs/0f lbj; (Americanization Day) gfd lbOPsf] of] lbj; ;g\ !(%( d] ! df klxnf]k6s cf}krfl/s ?kdf dgfOPsf] lyof] .
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ddf]l/on 8] o; jif{ cd]l/sfdf d] @* df ddf]l/on 8] (Memorial Day) dgfOF– b}5 . ddf]l/on 8] d] dlxgfsf] clGtd ;f]daf/ k5{ . u[xo'4 (Civil War) nufot To;kl5sf o'4df dfl/Psfsf] :d[ltdf clGtd ;f]daf/ ddf]l/on 8]÷:df/s lbj; dgfOG5 . vf;df clxn] ;a} d[ts cfkmGtsf] ;Demgf ug]{ lbg ePsf] 5 . ddf]l/on 8] ;+3Lo labfsf] lbg xf] . o; lbgnfO{ lje"if0f lbj; (Decoration Day) sf ?kdf klg lrlgG5 . o;} lbg jvf{ -udL{_ z'? x'G5 eGg] rng 5 .
cd]l/sf :yfkgfdf sfg'gsf] e"ldsf tyf a'4 hoGtL ;d'bfosf nflu o;sf] dxÎj bzf{pg d] ! d] ^ -@)^( j}zfv @$ ut]_ tfl/vdf df sfg'g lbj; (Law Day) dgfOG5 . a'4 hoGtL k/]sf] 5 . o;}lbg /fO{ hfltsf] db;{ 8] -dft[ lbj;_ pwf}nL kj{ klg k/]sf] 5 . d] !# tfl/vdf cd]l/sfdf db;{ 8] j}zfv z'Sn k"l0f{dfdf hGd]sf uf}td (Mother’s Day) k/]sf] 5 . dft[ lbj;sf a'4n] ;f]xL ltlydf 1fg k|fKt u/] / *) ?kdf lrlgg] of] rf8 d] dlxgfsf] bf];|f] jif{sf] cfo'df ;f]xL ltlydf lgwg ePsfn] cfOtaf/ dgfOG5 . cd]l/sfdf o; lbg of] ltlynfO{ a'4 hoGtL jf j}zfv k"l0f{dfsf cfdfnfO{ e]6\g] jf aflx/ 3'dfpg nfg] / ¿kdf dgfOG5.
o:tf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ km/s kg{;S5 gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test_l;les 6]:6) sf tof/ kfl/Psf] k':tsdf Ps ;o k|Zg–pQ/ 5g\ . o; k':tssf s]xL k|Zgsf] pQ/ eg] ;docg';f/ km/s kg{ ;S5 . xfdLn] …cIfl/sfÚ sf] of] c+sdf o:tf k|Zgx? lbPsf 5f}+ . gful/stf kl/Iffdf hfFbf cfkm"n] g} Vofn ug'{kg]{ x'G5 M != tkfO{+sf] /fHoaf6 5flgPsf Ps l;g]6/ sf] gfd s] xf] < (Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators now?) – www.senate.gov df lSns
ug'{xf];\ . @= tkfO{+sf] /fHoaf6 5flgPsf cd]l/sL k|ltlglw–;ef ;b:osf] gfd eGg'xf];\ . (Name your U.S. Representative.) – www.house.gov
df lSns ug'{xf];\ . #= tkfO{+sf] /fHosf ueg{/ sf] x'g'x'G5 < (Who is the Governor of your state now?) – www.usa.gov df lSns ug'{xf];\ .
$= tkfO{+sf] /fHosf] /fhwfgL s] xf] < (What is the capital of your state?)
– jfl;+u6g l8;L cfkm}+ /fhwfgL ePsfn] jfl;+u6g l8;Lafx]s c? /fHosf] /fhwfgLsf] gfd hfGg www. usa.gov df lSns ug'{xf];\ . -af“sL csf]{ c+sdf_ n ;|f]t M Learn About the United States : Quick Civics Lessons for the Naturalization Test
k[i7 @ sf] pQ/ cd]l/sL s+u|];sf c+ux¿ M l;g]6 (Senate) / k|ltlglw–;ef (House of Representative) x'g\ .
Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 10 Ashley Dr, Manchester, NH 03103, Ph: 603 661 1039, Email : info@aksharica.com, Website : www. aksharica.com, Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya