xjfO{ofqf, ;+j]bglzn If]qsf nflu ca l/oncfO{8L
collage of IDs of different states
@)!* d] jif{ * c+s !)&
o; c+sdf s] s] < (What is inside ?) à l/oncfO{8L s] xf] <==================! (Food safety, and poisoning)
à g]kfnL l;sfpg] lstfa @=========# (Public holidays of 2018)
à d x'FM g]a|f:sf /fHo===================$ (I am the state of Nebraska)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb &@==========$ (Most common Eng. words 72)
xfdL cfˆgf] kl/ro–kq
(ID;
cfO{8L_ eGgfn] uf8L xfFSg kfpg] cg'dlt–kq -Driver’s License; 8«fOe;{ nfO;]G;_ jf o:t} k|sf/sf] sf8{ a'‰5f}+ . nfO;]G; jf o:t} vfnsf] kl/ro–kq /fHo ;/sf/n] hf/L u5{ . b]zleq xjfO–ofqf ubf{ ;'/Iff–gfsfx?df, ;+j]bglzn ;'/Iff–If]qdf k|j]z
xfdLn] cfgf] kl/ro– kq eg]/ k|of]u ug]{ rfns cg'dlt–kqdf ;'/Iffsf s]xL dfkb08 ylkb}5 . To;sf] gfd xf], l/oncfO{8L -jf:tljs kl/ro–kq_ . xjfO{ofqf / ;+j]bglzn ;'/Iff :yndf of] clgjfo{ x'Fb}5 .
ubf{ JolStsf] lrgf/Lsf nflu k|of]udf NofOFb} cfPsf] nfO;]G; jf To:tf] kl/ro–kqdf cd]l/sL ;/sf/sf] cfGtl/s ;'/Iff ljefu -dGqfno_ …xf]dNof08 ;]So'l/6LÚ (Homeland security) n] tf]s]sf] ;'/Iff–dfkb08 yKg yflnPsf] 5 . slt /fHon] af“sL k[i7 @ df
@
https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification
l/on cfO{8Lsf] ;f]r xfdLn] gful/stfsf] k/LIff tof/L ubf{ k9\g] u/]sf] k|Zg …;g\ @))! ;]K6]Da/ !! df cd]l/sfdf s] d'Vo 36gf ePsf] lyof] <Ú sf] hjfkmdf xfdLn] eGg] u/]sf 5f}+, …cft+ssf/Låf/f cd]l/sfdf cfqmd0fÚ . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5– To; lbg cn–sfobf gfds cft+sjfbL ;+u7gsf cft+ssf/Ln] cd]l/sL cfsfzdf pl8/x]sf rf/ ljdfg lgoGq0fdf lnP . b'O{ ljdfg Go'of]s{l:yt ljZj Jofkf/ s]Gb|÷jN8{ 6«]8 ;]G6/df nu]/ 7f]SsfP . o; s]Gb|sf b'j} ejg Wj:t eP . csf]{ elh{lgofsf] cfln{ª\6gl:yt k]G6fugdf k'¥ofP/ v;fP . rf}yf] k]G;neflgofdf b'3{6gfdf k¥of] .
sfg'gL–;]jf kfpg tyf ;+j}wflgs ;+/If0f ePsf ultljlw, / sfg'g sfof{Gjog k|lqmof jf cg';Gwfgx?df ;xefuL x'g eg] l/oncfO{8L rflxFb}g .
o:tf] kl/ro–kq dfq /xG5 < /fHo ;/sf/n] b'O{ vfn] kl/ro–kq lbg ;S5g\M Pp6f ;'/Iff–dfkb08 /flvPsf / cd]l/sL ;/sf/sf] cfGtl/s csf]{ ;fwf/0f vfnsf . cfˆgf] ;'/Iff ljefu -dGqfno_M /fHodf o:tf] 5 jf xf]dNof08 ;]So'l/6Ln] tf]s]sf] 5}g, 8«fOe;{–nfO;]G; hf/L ;'/Iff–dfkb08cg';f/sf] of] ug]{ sfof{no l8kf6{d]G6 ckm sf8{sf] ;§f kf;kf]6{ klg k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
o; cfqmd0f;DaGwL 5fglag ug{ ag]sf] cfof]un] ;'/Iffsf nflu o:tf] kl/ro– kqsf] k|:tfj u/]sf] xf] . ;g\ @))% df sf+u|];n] JolStsf] kl/rodf hfnem]n gxf];\ eg]/ Pp6f P]g kfl/t u¥of], h;nfO{ l/on cfO{8L P]g (RealID Act) elgG5 .
s] eO/x]sf] 5 < xfn, ;a} %^ /fHo jf e"– efudWo] %% of t cg'kfng jf ;do–lj:tf/df 5g\ . 6]S;;, cf]xfof], ˆnf]l/8f, g]ef8f / sf]nf]/f8f];d]tsf @* /fHo l/oncfO{8Lsf] kfngfsf kIfdf 5g\ eg] @^ /fHo / cd]l/sL e"–efuh:tf If]qnfO{ ljefun] !) cS6f]a/ @)!* ;Dd ;do–lj:tf/ ug]{ ;'ljwf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . of] ;'ljwf kfPsf /fHosf ofqLn] ;DejtM cS6f]a/ !) ;Dd l/oncfO{8L b]vfpg' kb}{g .
sxf“ of] kl/ro–kq rflxGg <
l/oncfO{8Lsf] ljsNksf ?kdf sfd nfUg] kf;kf]6{ agfpg] ljifodf hfGg h"g @)!# / l8;]Da/ @)!^ sf] cIfl/sf k9g'xf];\ df]6/ e]OsN; (Department of Motor Vehicles) df a'‰g'xf];\ . l/oncfO{8L agfpg eg] cfkm" g} pkl:yt x'g'k5{ / pSt ljefun] tf]s]sf sfuhft -hGdbtf{ k|df0fkq, kf;kf]6{ cflb_ k]z ug'{k5{ .
!* jif{eGbf sd pd]/sf] xsdf !* jif{eGbf sd pd]/sf gfgLx?n] o:tf] kl/ro–kq b]vfpg' kb}{g . t/ pgLx?;“u ofqf ug]{ pd]/ k'u]sf] JolStn] b]vfpg cfjZos x'G5 .
o:tf] kl/ro–kq vfFrf] gkg]{ ;+3Lo ;/sf/L lgsfodf k|j]z ug{, dtbftf yk hfGgsf nflu btf{ jf dtbfg ug{, ;+3Lo of] l/oncfO{8L kl/ro– ;/sf/af6 kfpg] ;'ljwfsf kqaf/] yk hfGg oxfF x]g'{xf];\M nflu lgj]bg lbg, ;jf/L–;fwg https://www.dhs.gov/real-id rnfpg, :jf:Yo–;]jf kfpg,
@)!* d], jif{ * c+s !)&
o:tf] ;'/Iff pkfosf nflu sfd ul/;s]sf 5g\, sltn] ul//x]sf 5g\, / s'g} /fHonfO{ o:tf] k|ljlw yKgsf nflu yk ;do lbOPsf] 5 . o;/L ;'/Iff–dfkb08 ylkPsf] kl/ro–kqnfO{ …l/oncfO{8LÚ (RealID) gfdn] lrlgG5 . o:tf] kl/ro–kq ;g\ @)@) cS6f]a/ ! b]lv clgjfo{ x'g]5 . s;}n] o:tf] kl/ro–kq b]vfpg g;s] kf;kf]6{ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . t/ cd]l/sfdf sl/a $) k|ltzt afl;Gbf;Fu dfq kf;kf]6{ 5 . ljb]zaf6 cd]l/sf cfpg] JolStn] cfˆgf] b]zaf6 NofPsf] kf;kf]6{ b]vfP/ cd]l/sfleq xjfO{ofqf ug{ ;S5g\ . kf;kf]6{afx]s ;+3Lo ;/sf/n] hf/L u/]sf s]xL sf8{ klg dfGo x'G5g\ . o;af/] hfGg oxfF x]g'{xf];\M
@)!* d], jif{ * c+s !)&
#
efiff l;sfpg] bf];|f] lstfa xfd|f] g]kfnL efiff efu @ cfPsf] 5 . lvd vltj8fn] tof/ kf/]sf] of] k':ts clk|n !%, @)!* df cfof]jfsf] l8df]Ogdf ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] xf] . lstfadf 8f= nIdLgf/fo0f 9sfn tyf n]vs / ;Dkfbs vltj8fsf] e"ldsf 5 . …xfd|f] g]kfnL efiff efu !Ú sf] t'ngfdf od;f e"ldsf 5f]6f kfl/Psf 5g\ . of] :jfut– of]Uo 5 .
kf7sf] ;+of]hg
lvd vltj8fsf] xfd|f] g]kfnL efiff efu ! sf] ;dLIff k9\g clk|n @)!& sf] cIfl/sf x]g'{xf];\
o; efudf Jofs/0fdf a9L Wofg lbOPsf] 5 . kl/lzi6 k"/} zAbfjnL / Jofs/0fdf s]lGb|t 5 . !# j6f kf7dWo] $ ;+jfb, # uLt÷sljtf, @ uB÷lgaGw, # syf, / Ps hLjgL 5g\ . kf7x¿ 5f]6f jfSo / ;/n zAbdf n]lvPsf 5g\ . k':ts …kl/roÚ lzif{ssf] ;+jfbaf6 ;'¿ eP klg klxnf] kf7 nf]slk|o afnslj /fdafa' ;'j]bLsf] nf]slk|o …;ft af/ ;ft lbgÚ xf] . …dnfO{ rsn]6 klgÚ lzif{ssf] kf7df c+ssf] 1fg / ;fdfg vl/b ubf{ ;"rL agfpg l;sfOPsf] 5, / of] cfjZos xf] . …/fdsf] lbgrof{Ú df ;do–1fg 5 eg] …dfdfsf] snÚ df gftfuf]tf s]nfOPsf] 5 . …sfusf] h'lQmÚ O{;k -lu|ssf syfjfrs_ sf] nf]ssyf oxfF klg k9\g ;lsG5 . …c;n dfG5] agÚ df afgL / :j:Yo /xg] cfbtsf ljifodf n]lvPsf] 5 . …xfd|f cflbsljÚ eg]/ cflbslj efg'eQm cfrfo{sf] hLjgL 5 . uf}td a'4nfO{ ;Demg] syf …sf] 7"nf] <Ú o; k':tssf] clGtd kf7 xf] . o;/L x]bf{ ;du|df ;fdu|L ;dfof]hg lgs}
k"0f{lj/fd hf]8]/ n]v]sf] kfOG5 t/ lj/fd–lrXg, på/0f–lrXg, k|Zg–lrXg, e'O{+–s6x/, /fO;– s"s/, :gfg–u[x, k|];/–s"s/, jt{dfg–sfn, eljiot\–sfn n]Vbf aLrdf …–Ú /fVbf cln :ki6 b]lvG5, of] rng xf] . gfgLx¿nfO{ a'emfpg ;lhnf] xf]nf eGg] cfzo . oL hf]8]/ n]Vg' l7s} dfGg] xf] eg] vfg] s'/f, Joj:yf cGtu{t lsg 5'§f5'§} n]lvof] eGg] k|Zg p7\5 . k}+rf] lnPsf c+u|]hL zAbnfO{ !# kf7dWo] $ ;+jfb, # c+u|]hL pRrf/0fd} uLt÷sljtf, @ uB÷lgaGw, # n]lvlbg' gfgLx¿sf nflu syf, / Ps hLjgL kmfObfhgs x'g;S5M 6fu]{6 5g\ . kf7 5f]6f jfSo / -tf/u]6_, km]a|'c/L -km/j/L_, ;/n zAbdf n]lvPsf 5g\ . ;fdu|L ;dfof]hg lgs} s'zn ck|}n -clk|n_, cflb . s] c+u|]hL dlxgfsf gfdsf nflu 9+un] ul/Psf] b]lvG5 . …g]kfnL a[xt\ zAbsf]zÚ nfO{ ;fdfGo z'4fz'l4sf 7fpF cfwf/ agfpg ;lsb}g / < e]l6G5g\ .
k':tssf] :j¿k
sl/a !)=( OGr nDafO / *=# OGr rf}8fOsf] of] lstfa z'4fz'l4sf 7fp“x¿ leqL (^ cfj/0f $ u/L !)) ;fdfGo z'4fz'l4sf 7fpFx¿ k[i7sf] 5 . lstfasf] d"No e]l6G5g\ . h:tf]M ;f]daf/ / !@ cd]l/sL 8n/ /flvPsf] ;f]djf/ b'j} 5g\ . b'j} n]Vg] 5. rng eP klg lzIfs– cfj/0f / leqL kfgfx¿ lzlIfsfn] Ps¿ktf /lËg 5g\ . cfj/0f gGb' vf]Hg ;S5g\ . To:t} ;fdfGo vltj8fn] tof/ kf/]sf q'6L gb]lvPsf 5g\ . leqsf lrq xf]Ogg\M efg'eQmOnfO{ -k[= #$_, OG6/g]6;lxt ljleGg ;|f]taf6 psl5g -k[= $!_, ˆoFlslbG5g\ lnOPsf 5g\ . ;Gbe{–;fdu|Lsf] -k[= %$_, tflns -k[= %^_, ;"rL clGtd k[i7df b]lvG5 . ;'gpm -k[= ^(_, e"sfn -k[= xfd|f] kf7zfnf, &%_ cflb . dgfpg', arfpg', cd]l/sf of] lstfasf] k|sfzs jf0f jf af0f, ufpg cflbdf xf] eg] jL0ff u|flkmS;, rGb|ljGb' rflxFb}gg\ . s] s], jf/f0f;L -ef/t_ sf] gfd s'g s'g, sf] sf], sxfF sxfF d'b|0fdf pNn]5 5 . of] lstfa cflbnfO{ 5'§f5'§} n]Vg ;lsG5 ;g\ @)!* dfr{df 5flkPsf] jf aLrdf …–Ú /fVbf x'G5 . t/ xf] . klxnf] ;+:s/0fdf Ps k':tsdf …s:tf–s:tfÚ xhf/ k|lt lgsflnPsf] n]lvPsf] e]l6G5 . pNn]v 5 . s'zn 9+un] ul/Psf] b]lvG5 .
$ @)!* d], jif{ * c+s !)&
g]a|f:sf
(Nebraska)
g]a|f:sfsf] pQ/tkm{ ;fpy 8sf]6f (South Dakota), blIf0fdf sG;f; (Kansas), d g]a|f:sf /fHo x'F . blIf0f–klZrddf sf]nf]/f8f] g]a|f:sf, dWo–klZrdL tyf (Colorado), klZrddf a[xt\ ;dynsf] /fHo xf] . jfof]ldª\u (Wyoming), k"j{df g]a|f:sfsf] /fhwfgL ldh'/L (Missouri) 5 eg] lnª\sg (Lincoln) / 7"nf] ldh'/L gbLn] cfof]jf (Iowa) zx/ cf]dfxf (Omaha) xf] . /fHo;Fu ;Ldf agfPsf] 5 . n
n
n
o;nfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf n]lvG5 . n
n
n
n
n
n
NE
g]a|f:sfsf] j]a;fO6 www. nebraska.gov xf] .
n
n
n
/}yfg] cd]l/sLx?sf] ynf] dflgg] o; /fHosf] gfd ;dyn kfgL (Flat Water) af6 lnOPsf] xf], h;af6 /fHo l5rf]n]/ aUg] Knf§]
n
(Platte River)
nfO{
lrlgG5 . n
n
n
cd]l/sfsf] !^ cf}+ 7"nf] /fHo xf], h;sf] If]qkmn && xhf/ # ;o %* ju{ dfOn -@ nfv # ;o ^% ju{ lsnf]ld6/_ 5 . n
n
n
hg;+Vof sl/a !( nfv @) xhf/ &^ 5 . w]/} hg;+Vof ePsf /fHodWo] of] #& cf}+ xf] . n
n
n
g]a|f:sfdf ;g\ !*^& df cd]l/sfsf] #& cf}+ /fHo ag]sf] xf] .
g]a|f:sfdf (# j6f sfpG6L (county) 5g\ . n
gbL
n
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 72 c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 axQ/f}+ ;"rL -efu &@_ • determination:
gfd– cGt, clek|fo, cjwf/0ff, b[9tf, lg¿k0f, lg0f{o, c7f]6, lg0ff{os, lgwf{/0f, lgZro, k|0f, k|lt1f, ljrf/, JofVof, ;+sNk, ;dflKt, cbfntL lg0f{o÷km};nf, b[9 lgZro, b[9 ;+sNk .
ug'{, kSsf ug'{, lglZrt ug'{, lgwf{/0f ug'{ . • develop:
lqmof– ljsf; ug{', k|:km'l6t÷ lj:tf/÷;Djw{g ug{', km}ng', a9fpg', pGglt ug{', JoQm ug{', km:6fpg', df}nfpg', z'? x'g', • determine: agfpg', ;'wf/ ug'{, b]lvg', lqmof– 7]Sg', sd/ s:g', tf8\g', kmf]6f] w'g', lj:tf/} b]vfkg{' . ;'l/g', d;Ss cfF6\g', v'6\ofpg', • development: 7Dofpg', lgwf] ug{', lgSof]{Ng', gfd– lj:tf/, j[l4, ;Djw{g, 7x/fpg', 7]ufg nfpg', v'l§g', ;'wf/, ljsf;, qmd–ljsf;, c7f]6 ug{', lg?k0f ug{', ;+sNk cfljisf/, pTyfg, pGglt, ug'{, lg0f{o ug'{, to ug'{, ;Ldf– ultljlw, gtLhf, kl/0ffd, kmn, a4 ug'{, 7fGg', kQfnufpg', aofg, j0f{g, ljj/0f, pTsif{ . l:y/ ug'{, km};nf ug]{ • device: 6'ª\uf] ug'{, lg0f{o lng', ;dfKt gfd– t/sLa, ;fwg, pkfo,
;fh, pks/0f, nIf0f, lrGx, c+s, of]hgf, /rgf, ljlw, sNkgf, k|of]u, agfj6, oGq . • devote:
lqmof– ;dlk{t x'g', pT;u{ ug'{, r9fpg', 7x/fpg', nufpg', ;'Dkg', Tofu ug'{, clk{t ug'{ . gfd– ;dlk{t . • diagram:
gfd– dd{lrq, /]vflrq, cfs[lt, gSzf, vfsf, /]vf–n]v, lrq, 9fFrf, dfglrq . • diameter:
gfd– Jof;, j[Qsf] kl/lwsf] Ps 5]paf6 s]Gb| x'Fb} csf]{ 5]p k'Ug] /]vf . qmdzM
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
;Gbe{M gof“ kl/ro–kq b]zsf] ;'/Iff lglDt aGg] P]g, sfg'g jf lgodaf/] gful/sn] hfGg' eg]sf] gful/ssf] lhDd]jf/L xf] . o;n] ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s cflb ;a}nfO{ ;lhnf] x'G5 . o;k6ssf] ;Gbe{ xjfO{ofqf ubf{, ;+j]bglzn If]qdf k|j]zsf nflu xfdL rnfO/x]sf] ;fdfGo vfnsf] kl/ro–kqsf] ljsNkaf/] xf] . ef]lnsf lbgdf xfdLnfO{ o:tf] kl/ro–kq vfFrf] kg]{ ePsfn] ;fyLefO, kl/jf/, jf ;d'bfoleq 5nkmn cfjZos x'g;S5 . of] klg gful/ssf] lhDd]jf/L g} xf] . wGojfb
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada Building Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut St., Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com