Micro Apartments Programming
Kourtney Smith
Table of Contents Project Background Goals & Objectives Analysis of... Facility Users Site Existing Buildings of Similar Use Activities & Schedules Room Data Sheets Preliminary Space Planning Evidence-Based Design Synthesis of the Design Problem References
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Project Background Priorities
This project’s priorities will be focused around the users. Focusing on the targeted age group of mid-twenty to thirty year olds, the residential spaces need to be affordable. This means using durable and cleanable materials without spending too much money or compromising the design. Sustainability methods will also assist in affordability through the benefits of green design. Lighting is also a ma jor priority for the users. Whether it be residential or commercial use, natural lighting needs to be able to reach all parts of the building. Finally, the design needs to encourage community and social interactions. Being an innovative tech hub area, people are constantly collaborating; this design will be no exception. Me tr
Central West End
Forest Park
Highway 64
y Blvd hwa
Forest Pa rk
Cheltenham The Hill
4
Ave
The Cortex Botanical Heights Highwa y 44
Shaw
Metrolink
S Grand Blvd
ink ol
The Cortex, located at the corner of Forest Park Ave and Boyle Ave in St. Louis, is a thriving innovation hub and technology district. Its technology driven, local university sponsored aspects make it perfect for younger adults. The project will be marketed towards young adults, ranging from ages mid-twenties to thirties, living a fast-paced lifestyle in St. Louis city. It makes for the perfect location by being centralized between Downtown St. Louis and the thriving Central West End, Midtown, Forest Park, and Shaw neighborhoods. Its location is also convenient for travel. Located near I-64 and the Metrolink, transportation is easily accessible for any travel method. The neighborhood is close to many of St. Louis’s favorite attractions, including The St. Louis Zoo, the St. Louis Science Center, The Muny, and many more. This mixed-use building will include small residences and businesses such as restaurants, cafes, retail, a bank, makerspaces, and offices.
S King s h i g
Project Summary
Midtown
Compton Heights
Character
The exterior of the building consists of glass, precast concrete, and metal. These materials set the modern tone for the rest of the building. The interior will reflect this, but incorporate addition materials like wood, tile, and carpeting to make the spaces feel warmer and homier than the typical modern design. For interior colors, the public residential spaces will have bolder colors to provide interest to potential and current occupants. The individual micro apartments will have neutral colors to allow the occupants to express themselves in their own spaces. Because of the curtain walls and depth of the building, shades with reflective qualities will be used to control the natural lighting near the curtain wall while also allowing natural light to reach the core of the building. The interior spaces’ ceiling heights will be ten feet tall. The materials in the building will be of high quality, but nothing too expensive. Higher quality materials will be used to assure longer lifespans and easy cleanability and maintenance.
Budget
There is no strict budget for the project, but the project must be affordable for upper to middle working class adults. The surrounding neighborhoods are upper class, but this allows people who make less money to experience high-end lifestyle without completely having to pay for it. The materials in the design will be quality, but not too far out of a hard worker’s price range. The initial costs of the design will be higher in order to incorporate high quality materials and sustainability features, which will help maintain lower costs later in time. The high quality materials will be chosen for attractiveness and their durability and maintenance properties to ensure longer lifespans.
Accessibility
The building design will go above just meeting ADA requirements. Handicapped micro apartments will be available on every level. The residential communal spaces will include handicapped features to allow for easy movement and function. Proper accessibility will be stressed in the public spaces rented out to assure inclusiveness throughout the building.
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Project Background Lifespan & Flexibility
The lifespan of the building needs to be comparable, if not longer, to the rest of the neighborhood. The Cortex is surrounded by a lot of old historic buildings in areas like Forest Park, Shaw, and Central West End. While a recent modern building, it needs to able to withstand time as these neighboring buildings have done. The materials chosen for the design will have durable qualities to assure the building’s long lifespan. Some of these materials include concrete, metal, and glass for the exterior and metal, glass, and wood for the inteiror. While using durable materials, the interior spaces will be flexible to keep up with people’s constant changing interests. Simple adjustments, such as room colors, furniture arrangements, and decorations, will be used to keep the building attractive and interesting through time. Casework and furniture built into the design will allow for these changes by having a variety of color scheme approaches.
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Sustainability
While it may not be LEED certified, the design will hold sustainability to a high standard. Green roofs, solar panels, and proper recycling bins for occupants will all be included. Above the first level is a roof that extends further than the upper levels. This will be dedicated to a roof garden. It is not only sustainable, but helps get occupants involved in sustainable techniques. The solar panels will be placed on the roof structure located above the third floor. The space on top of the residential levels is still quite large, which can greatly benefit the multi purpose building. Lastly, proper recycling bins will be placed all throughout the building, especially in community areas like the kitchens and dining areas. This will encourage occupants to recycle properly.
Challenges & Opportunities
Some of the design’s greatest opportunities come from its biggest challenges. Ma jor challenges for this multi-purpose building include affordability, sustainability, and lighting. Surrounded by high-end neighborhoods, a new development is bound to be held to the same standards. That being said, this design needs to be affordable without compromising the quality of the design and the materials used. The initial cost for most of this project will appear to make it high-end, but the durability of the materials will last long enough to make the cost affordable. These materials will not be overly expensive, like marble countertops, but they will have a higher quality than pine casework. The square footage of the private spaces will also assist in keeping these typically high prices down. Sustainability can also be a more expensive initial cost. With sustainable energy elements, occupants will be able to keep utility costs down, helping with the affordability. The two separate roofs allow for features like roof gardens and solar panels, making sustainability very realistic. The last issue comes from the lighting. The
building square footage is so large and the micro apartment square footage is so small that it leaves a large gap in the middle. Trying to place micro apartments in the middle has left these apartments either windowless or lacking natural light. While an issue, especially on the middle floor, it allows for creative ideas to pull natural light into the core of the building through modern design tools. These micro apartments will not have typical windows, but will use a more creative way to keep these spaces bright and open.
Maintenance
The materials chosen for the design need to be durable to withstand typical occupant damage and maintenance methods. Materials, such as paint, wall coverings, accoustical ceiling tiles, etc., need to be easily replaceable or fixed without spend too much money to maintain. The building needs to look prestigious at all times to maintain respect in the neighborhood, so the materials’ properties are crucial.
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Goals & Objectives Function
1. Each floor will have communal spaces which will allow residents to make food. -The kitchen will be fully equipped with two of each appliance. -The communal space will include seating that will allow residents to eat and socialize with one another. 2. The residential floors will allow occupants to accomplish activities, such as do laundry, workout, etc., all without leaving their floor. -A laundry room will be provided on each residential floor equipped with one washer and dryer for every five residents. -Each residential floor will have an in-home gym equipped with treadmills, ellipticals, weights, and other gym equipment, as well as offer workout classes. 3. The public spaces will be flexible for change in occupants in order to maximize business opportunities. -Whether it be used for food, offices, or retail, the room(s) will allow for enough space to allow occupants to work effectively. -Occupants will be able to put up walls, partitions, etc. at own expense. 4. The building will provide space to accomodate to the needs of The Cortex. -A makerspace will be provided on the first level to allow collaboration on whatever technology and innovation ideas the community needs space for at the time. -The space will be equipped with computers and moveable furniture to encourage collaboration. 5. Micro apartments need to provide storage for personal food items so they do not have to be storaged in the communal kitchen and risk being taken. -Mini fridges will be provided in every micro apartment in order to store cold and frozen food. -Pantries and shelving will be incorporated into the micro apartment design to store dry food, utensiles, dishes, and whatever else the occupant wishes.
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6. Each level will hold no more than 30 micro apartment units. -The units will be placed on all exterior walls except curtain walls. -Units will be located in the core to utilize the large space and create more opportunities for smaller spaces. 7. The occupants will be able to access the upper levels through a separate lobby dedicated only to the residential aspect to maintain privacy and safety. -The lobby will have a separate entrance than the public spaces provided on the same level. -Although attached to the building, the lobby can only be accessed by residents of the building and their guests through the use of key cards or codes. 8. The residential floors must provide lounging space apart from just the dining space. -At least two lounge spaces will be incorporated on every residential level; one on each end or in the middle. -The roof garden will provide lounge space and seating in addition to the dining area.
Time
1. The design will allow for flexibility over time. -The design will have to ability to adjust to new trending styles. -The design must keep up with the needs of the up and coming neighborhood. 2. The building should be ready for occupancy by the residents and the public space renters the day it opens. -Residents shall be able to begin moving in on opening day. -Renters of the public spaces shall be given two weeks prior to opening day to set up in order to begin running their business the day the building opens.
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Goals & Objectives Form
1. The interior should respond to the modern style of the neighborhood. -The interior should have a new and advanced feeling through its use of technology and design. -Modern materials such as glass, concrete, metal, and wood will be incorporated in the design. 2. The exterior will maintain its modern style reflecting the rest of the developing neighborhood. -The building’s exterior will be a sleek, clean design. -The building’s exterior will be made of metal, concrete, and glass. 3. The interior will be redesigned to allow for modern, strategically space planned micro apartments. -The micro apartments will be clean and sleek in design. -The micro apartments will be designed by thinking about organizational space in a more 3-dimensional manner rather than a 2-dimensional manner. 4. The public spaces shall allow the community to acquire their own space but still provide spaces to interact. -Businesses will not connect through side doors or individual hallways, but rather a central one. -Outdoor seating and a break room willing be incorporated in order to allow businesses to interact with one another. 5. The building will take advantage of the neighborhood views through the communal spaces. -The kitchen, dining, and roof garden will be placed on the south end of the building to allow views to the small park recently installed. -The gym and one of the lounges will be placed on the north side to take advantage of the views from the Central West End architecture and landscaping.
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6. The design will be modern but still allow for a homelike feel. -The residents will be able to add their own touches to the apartments with decorations as they please. -The residents are welcome to rearrange moveable pieces of the space design. 7. The new interior will take advantage of the shell’s use of curtain walls. -Residential communal spaces will revolve around the curtain walls to allow maximum natural lighting and encourage occupants to use the spaces. -Shades with reflective qualities will be used to shade too much natural light from the public spaces, but also bring natural light to the core of the building. 8. The lobby and communal spaces will maintain a light and upbeat feeling. -Bold colors will be incorporated into the communal spaces to keep the mood uplifting. -Speakers will be provided in the lobby and communal areas to allow residents to play their music or listen to the radio to encourage a lighter mood.
Economy
1. The micro apartments will remain cheaper than the surrounding neighborhood prices in order to be affordable. -The size of the apartments will be much smaller than typical apartments in order to cut down on rent and utility costs. -The materials will be quality and durable, but not too highly priced to raise rent. 2. Initial costs will be higher in order to keep costs down in the future. -Quailty, durable materials will be used in order to assure longer usage of the material. -Higher costs will be spent on including sustainable features, such as roof gardens and solar panels, to cut down on utility costs for occupants.
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Facility Users Demographics
Micro apartments are a fairly new idea in the St. Louis area. Small living quarters for this targeted group, though, is not. Targeting ages between twenties and thirties, this group of people was living in smaller quarters not that long ago in college. Through surveys and interviews, results showed a variety of openness to this new idea. Here are some of the common responses and demographics of the research.
How Likely to Live in a Micro Apartment women
men
likely neutral not likely
Current Residence
Age Group <18 18-22 23-30 30+
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Columbia, Missouri St. Louis, Missouri Southern Missouri Kansas City, Missouri Out-of-State
Requests
Concerns
The biggest concern comes from the amount of space for storage and living. Many people do not want to limit their belongings or be crammed when working from home or enjoying hobbies. Some people are introverted and are not keen on the idea of being forced to use communal space. Others are worried about having guests inside, and if there will be enough space for them.
Attractions
The most common attraction to micro apartments seems to be the price. Cheap living in a city setting is especially appealing to this age group recently graduating college. Contrary to some of the concerns, some are excited to be forced into settings where they can meet new people. Some people even enjoy the idea of decluttering their lives in order to live in these micro apaprtments.
The idea of additional features was also very appealing to the surveyors. Many of them requested for amenities such as a pool, parking garage, and even a cocktail lounge. Others aimed for features in the actual micro apartment, such as fireplaces, spacious bedrooms and bathrooms, and outdoor porches or balconies. Gym Lounge Laundry Room Communal Kitchen Game Room Library/Office Space Yoga Room Outdoor Roof/Patio Chapel Rentable Guest Rooms 0
1
2
3
4
5
Spacious Closets Cooking Entertaining Guests Pets Views In-Unit Washer/Dryer Ability to Share with Partner 0
1
2
3
4
5
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Site The building for the micro apartments is in an up and coming innovation hub and technology district called the Cortex at the corner of Forest Park Ave and S Boyle Ave in St. Louis. Technology being a ma jor trend for Millennials, this design will be targeting this age group. This neighborhood is bordered by local universities, medical centers, and many of St. Louisâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s infamous cultured neighborhoods, such as Forest Park, Central West End, Shaw, and Downtown St. Louis. This area will attract young, fast-paced adults whose lifestyles will compliment the city life surrounding it. The Cortex itself is bringing in thousands of technology jobs and mixed-use developments. From hotels to residences, retail to offices, research to medical, this community is undergoing a drastic change that will attract many young adults. Bordered by more prestigious neighborhoods, it gives them the chance to actually take part in a high-end lifestyle without the cost.
Twin Oaks
5
Dupo
I-2 5
I-5
Fairview Heights
Imbs
Swansea Belleville
55
Dunc an A ve
64
yl e A ve
5
Westview
5 Mehlville
Holywood Heights
ILLINOIS
70 Fenton
14
i ss Centreville si Cahokia
Crestwood
I-2
Valley Park I-4 4
5
M is
Webster Groves
I-64
I-
Kirkwood
I-55 State Park Place
Collinsville
S Bo
I-
Town and Country
Fore s t Pa
Madison
Clayton
I-6 4 44
I-
Granite City
I-5 pp i Ri ve r
I-64
I-270 Glen Carbon
Maryville
MISSOURISt. Louis Creve Couer
I-255
Jennings I-
70
I -1 7
St. Ann Maryland Heights
I-2 5
I-270
I-7 0
I-27 0
Glasgow Berkeley Ferguson Village 0
Bridgeton
rk Av e
Views
Many of the views around the location are still being developed. To the south of the building, a small park is being put in. The rest of the surrounding area is made up of businesses and new buildings. Trees and plants are still very present in this urban setting. Given the typical urban setting, the greenery softens the typically cold environment.
S Bo
Dunc an A ve
rk Av e
yl e A ve
Fore s t Pa
views of building from street
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Site Existing Buildings
Many of the buildings around the area include medical and technology-focused buildings. The community has some retail stores, but many of them are Goodwills or similar. Not previously-owned retail seems to be scarce without leaving the neighborhood. There are already a lot of coffee shops in this area, so using the public space downstairs may be a bad idea to make a coffee shop. A residential building is also located nearby, but these are condos which means they must be owned. They are also $211/sqft, so they are not very affordable.
S Van deve nter Ave
shighway Blvd S King
Fore st Pa rk Av e
residential buildings retail & homegoods medical schools & buildings restaurants, cafes, & bars micro apartments
I-64
100 400 50200
16
ft 800
Climate & Temperature
St. Louis is a hard place to predict the temperature. Typically, winters are cold and summers are hot with the occasional unpredictable days. Nonetheless, a ma jority of the time it maintains standard seasonal expectations. Winter months average between 20-40 degrees, and summer months range between 60-90 degrees. In the winters, St. Louis sees a decent amount of snowfall, but usually nothing extreme. In the summer, the temperature may seem mild compared to more southern states, but the humidity causes these temperatures to feel much hotter.
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Site Solar and Wind Patterns
During the summer months, St. Louis has about 5 1/2 hours of more sunlight than during winter months. Sunrise is at approximately 5:30am and sunset is around 8:30pm during the summer months. In the winter months, sunrise is around 7am and sunset is around 4:30pm. For a ma jority of the year, the wind blows north from the south. During the cooler months of December through February, the wind direction takes a more westward direction.
June sun path
June wind rose
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December sun path
December wind rose
year round wind rose
Sensory Characteristics
ark A ve
shighway Blvd S King
Fore st P
S Van deve nter Ave
Being in a denser area of the city, people are sure to experience the sounds and smells that go along with it. In this area of The Cortex, the neighborhood is surrounded by food, coffee shops, parks, medical buildings, and busy streets. All of these factors can greatly affect peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s decision to live in the area. Smells in the area come from all different directions. Coffee shops and restaurants can be found all over the neighborhood, filling the air with an aroma of coffee beans and food. Parks can also be a ma jor factor in smell, especially during warmer months when people are barbequing, picnicking, and having bonfires outside. This busy city area is bound to be a little noisy too. Located on a ma jor street of Forest Park Ave and near S Kingshighway Blvd, S Vandeventer Ave, and I-64, the roads provide constant street noise. The distance from the hospital will also increase noise in the area. Ambulances going to and from will be heard constantly with its destination so close.
residential building medical schools & buildings parks restaurants, cafes, & bars micro apartments
I-64 100 400 50200
ft 800
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Existing Buildings of Similar Use A Little Design Micro Apartment
Location: Taipei, Taiwan Square Footage: 236 sf Designer: A Little Design
Taking advantage of the micro apartment trend, A Little Design began renovating this micro apartment to make it a modern living quarters. The micro apartment is aimed towards clients who travel frequently.
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Kitchen space is provided by doubling as a hallway, leaving much more square footage to be dedicated to the livingroom.
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Existing Buildings of Similar Use The 10 foot ceilings are used to create a lofted bed in the micro apartment. The walls include built-in book shelves, lofted storage, closets, and even a sofa. The table in the dining area is able to transform into a bar table and desk. The micro apartment is under 300 feet, but allows for enough space and storage for a person to comfortably live in. The large window allows plenty of light in, opening up the typically small space.
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Lincoln Park Micro Apartment Located in Lincoln Park in Chicago, Illinois, Jay Michael and his friend, Diana Tokat, renovated a micro apartment. His goal was to show potential clients what they can do and how to make small living spaces functional. They used their square footage so effectively that they were even able to include a balcony.
Location: Chicago, Illinois Square Footage: 300 sf Designer: Jay Michael
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Existing Buildings of Similar Use Similar to the first precedent, the hallway doubles as a small kitchen area. In this one, the hallway is actually used to connect the public and private areas of the house. It also allows natural light to come in through both sides of the house with the glass sliding doors in the livingroom and large window in the bedroom.
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The bedroom is able to remain private with the use of the hallway, which is typically a ma jor concern for a lot of people looking at micro apartments. The room was also able to incorporate seating and a decent size closet. The large window helps keep this space from feeling too small with the amount of furniture in it.
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Existing Buildings of Similar Use Midtown by Brookside
E Ash St
N Coll ege Ave
Hubbell Dr
Midtown by Brookside, located on College Ave in Columbia, Missouri, consists of three residential buildings and a parking garage. Although all separate buildings, they make sure to spread the amenities out between the three so all of the residents have easy access to them. Their amenities include outdoor patios with grills, a study area, a gym, and a pool on top of their parking garage.
E Walnut St
Brookside buildings amenity locations
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Brookside effectively disperses the amenities to assure everyone is given a benefit by being located in a different building. Having the main building located behind the additional buildings allows people to simply cross the street to access the other amenities rather than make their way from the back end and through the parking garage. They do a good job with the spatial planning in respect of their amenities to their apartments.
The main building is the backwards “L” shaped one between E Ash St and E Walnut St. The corner of the building contains the office, which is attached to the study area/lounge. On the third floor in this same spot, the gym is located. Behind this structure is the parking garage. On top of the parking garage is the pool and deck equipped with an outdoor bar. The last amenitites are located in between the “U” shaped buildings, containing a patio with grills.
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Existing Buildings of Similar Use North Light Apartments North Light Apartments, located on E Walnut St in Columbia, Missouri, is not the typical multi-use building. In addition to the apartments and lofts on the top levels and the businesses on the bottom, the building is also connected to a parking garage that reaches just as high as the apartments do. The parking garage actually takes up a ma jority of the square footage while the commercial and residential space only border the northern edge of garage.
First Level
Upper Levels
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parking garage apartments businesses
North Light Apartments is lucky enough to sit above businesses that will not keep the residents up at night. Including businesses like a salon and a casual bar, the building does not need to worry about rowdy customers or partiers waking them up in the middle of the night. The salon is only open during business hours and the tap and kitchen does not give off the nightclub vibe the rest of Downtown Columbia does.
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Activities & Schedules Open Hours Each business will run based on their individually set hours. The public part of the building will remain accessible to key holders to allow flexibility of times for businesses. The business part of the residential aspect will run during typical business hours and be closed on weekends. Occupants and guests will still be able to get into the lobby to go to the micro apartments with a key card or code.
Weekdays
Weekends
Micro Apartment Entry Micro Apartment Offices Bank Retail Makerspace Restaurant Cafe
8am-6pm 8am-5pm 9am-5pm 10am-8pm 10am-10pm 11am-12pm 6am-7pm
Micro Apartment Entry Offices Bank Retail Makerspace Restaurant Cafe
am 12 m 11p m p 10 m 9p m 8p m 7p m 6p m 5p m 4p m 3p m 2p m 1p pm 12 m 11a m a 10 m 9a m 8a m 7a m 6a Weekday Business Activity
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Closed Closed Closed 11am-6pm 10am-8pm 11am-12pm 8am-7pm
Bank Makerspace Restaurant Cafe
Communal spaces will be open to the residents twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. These spaces will include the gym, laundry room, lounge areas, kitchen, dining, and outdoor patio. Activity on the patio will be seasonal, though. It will remain accessible during colder months, but the chances of people sitting there are slim. In the communal spaces for the micro apartments, a ma jority of the amenities are hardly used until the evening. This is because the targeted age group will typically get home around 4pm-6pm, meaning most of the day is not even spent in the building. Activity will start to rise a little in the morning as people start their day and eat breakfast. A rise will happen again around lunch time when some people are able to come home for their break or have a half day. Some even use this time to get a work out in before continuing their day.
exercising men exercising women people who do not exercise
Studies show that only about 21% of all adults get the recommended amount of exercise, most of these are between the ages of 18 and 24. When it came to genders, 23% of men met this standard while onl 18% of women did. While this shows little activity in the gym, the idea is to encourage residents to use it more often because of its convenience. (Jaslow, 2013)
Gym Lounges Kitchen/Dining Laundry am 12 m 11p m p 10 m 9p m 8p m 7p m 6p m 5p m 4p m 3p m 2p m 1p pm 12 m 11a m a 10 m 9a m 8a m 7a m 6a m 5a m 4a m 3a m 2a m 1a Residential Activity
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Room Data Sheets Capacity Information
Ground Floor: 22,165 sf Second Floor: 18, 946 sf + Roof: 6,457 sf Third Floor: 19,010 sf
Ground Floor Room # 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123
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Room
Entry/Lobby Office 1 Office 2 Office Storage 1 Restroom 1 Restroom 2 Bank Bank Storage Office 3 Office 4 Office Storage 2 Office Storage 3 Boutique/Retail Boutique/Retail Storage Restroom 3 Restroom 4 Makerspace Makerspace Storage Restaurant/Sub Shop Restaurant/Sub Shop Storage Restroom 5 Cafe Storage Cafe Break Room
Function/Use Entry Office Office Storage Restroom Restroom Bank Storage Office Office Storage Storage Retail Storage Restroom Restroom Makerspace Storage Food Storage Restroom Storage Food Break Room
Size
500 sf 150 sf 100 sf 25 sf 104 sf 104 sf 3,500 sf 25 sf 1,000 sf 1,000 sf 25 sf 25 sf 720 sf 100 sf 364 sf 364 sf 5,000 sf 50 sf 3,000 sf 80 sf 112 sf 80 sf 3,000 sf 240 sf
Public Access Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes No N/A N/A No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No
Access/ Egress 1
2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2
2 1
Second Floor Room # 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209
Room
Gym Gym Storage Laundry Laundry Storage Microapartments Microapartments Kitchen Kitchen/Dining Storage Dining Outdoor Dining/Garden
Function/Use
Size
Gym Storage Laundry Storage Residential Residential Kitchen Storage Dining Dining/Garden
550 sf 60 sf 400 sf 50 sf 200 sf/ea. 300 sf/ea. 400 sf 80 sf 600 sf 6,457 sf
No No No No No No No No No No
Function/Use
Size
Public Access
Third Floor Room # 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308
Room
Gym Gym Storage Laundry Laundry Storage Microapartments Microapartments Kitchen Kitchen/Dining Storage Dining
Public Access
Gym Storage Laundry Storage Residential Residential Kitchen Storage Dining
550 sf 60 sf 400 sf 50 sf 200 sf/ea. 300 sf/ea. 400 sf 80 sf 600 sf
No No No No No No No No No
Access/ Egress 1
1 1 1
Access/ Egress 1
1 1
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Room Data Sheets Ground Floor
Room
Entry/Lobby Offices
Design Features connected to other office
Office Storage Restrooms Bank Bank Storage Boutique/Retail Boutique/Retail Storage Restroom Makerspace
lounge seating desk, chair
Finishes
Equipment
Specialty Systems
heavy traffic coffee machine TV, phone phone, internet
shelving easily cleaned heavy traffic safe
trendy, adaptable for fresh looks
desks, chairs, clerk counter shelving display racks/ heavy traffic features, counter, seating shelving
modern, sleek, desks/tables, adaptable chairs
Makerspace Storage Restaurant/ Sub Shop
34
Furnishings/ Fixtures
TV, phone, internet
easily cleaned TV, phone, internet, sound systems, cable
shelving soda machine, tables, chairs, easily range, microbooths, counter cleaned; heavy traffic wave, walk-in, sink walk-in shelving
Restaurant/Sub Shop Storage Cafe Storage Cafe
comfortable
Break Room
comfortable
shelving drink station, tables, chairs, easily range, walk-in, booths, counter cleaned; heavy traffic sink tables, chairs
TV, phone, internet
TV, phone, internet, cable
phone, internet, cable, sound system
microwave, sink, TV, internet, mini fridge cable
Second & Third Floor Room
Design Features
Gym Storage Laundry
Kitchen
table, chairs modern
shelving counters, table, chairs, sofa, bed
large, good circulation
Kitchen/Dining Storage Dining Outdoor Dining/ Garden
Equipment
Specialty Systems
easily cleaned; various workout TV, internet, equipment, cable, sound heavy traffic water fountain system
Gym
Laundry Storage Microapartments
Furnishings/ Fixtures Finishes
tables, chairs pergolas/ coverings
tables, chairs, planters
easily cleaned; washers, dryers, TV, internet, irons, sink cable heavy traffic mini fridge, TV, internet, microwave, sink cable, phone ranges, internet, sound system easily cleaned; refrigerators, microwaves, heavy traffic sinks, ranges easily cleaned; heavy traffic easily cleaned
internet, sound system internet, sound system
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Room Data Sheets Environmental Service & Control
Lighting Ground Floor
Entry/Lobby Offices Office Storages Restrooms Bank Bank Storage Boutique/Retail Boutique/Retail Storage Makerspace Makerspace Storage Restaurant/Sub Shop Restaurant/Sub Shop Storage Cafe Cafe Storage Break Room
Second & Third Floor Gym Gym Storage Laundry Laundry Storage Microapartments 1 Microapartments 2 Kitchen Kitchen/Dining Storage Dining
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Heating & Cooling
15 fc 30 fc 10 fc 15 fc 75 fc 3 fc 30 fc 10 fc 100 fc 10 fc 10 fc 10 fc 10 fc 10 fc 15 fc
40 fc 10 fc 30 fc 10 fc 30 fc 30 fc 75 fc 10 fc 15 fc
In addition to typical HVAC systems, features such as covered patios, fins, and shades will be used to cut down on costs and keep human comfort levels up in the various seasons. The large use of windows will become solar-oriented and use a material that will absorb heat from the sun in the winter and reflect heat from the sun in the summer. Natural building heating and cooling will also be included by placing warmer rooms, such as boilers, mechanical, etc. on cooler sides of the building.
Humidity
The air humidity in the building will remain between 30-40% humidity with a temperature of about 70 degrees. This will allow for people to remain in the human comfort level. It will be kept at the low end of the human comfort level temperature (which ranges from 70 degrees to 80 degrees) in order to assure the amount of people in the building does not increase the temperature so substantially that occupants may no longer feel comfortable.
Flexibility & Adaptability Most of the building will be flexible and able to adapt to new businesses and trends when appealing to new residents. The multi-purpose ground floor will be all commercial. These spaces will allow for new businesses to move in and out and change the spaces as they please. The variety of sizes will give them choices in how big or small they want the space in order for it to suit their needs. The residential aspect will be flexible with simple, but necessary, updates to keep the style modern and up-to-date with the urban neighborhood.
Acoustics
Acoustics will be carefully considered for each residential and commercial area. Interior materials, acoustic panels, and other noise absorbers will be used to control the amount of noise in each room. Acoustical control will be emphasized more in the public spaces of the building.
Air Pollution
To cut down on air pollution, the building will not be using gas for any utilities. Instead, it will use electric heating and cooling, which will derive from solar panels and other renewable energy sources. A roof garden will also be incorporated to help with car pollution.
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Preliminary Space Planning Light Well
Bed
Desk Storage Storage Storage
Storage
Kitchenette Ladder to Loft
First Level
Loft
Lofted Level 1
2
3
5
10
Laundry
200 sf micro apartments 300 sf micro apartments hallway communal areas/amenities stairs & elevators
Gym
Kitchen/Dining Restrooms Lounge
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Lounge
5
10
20
30
50
Storage
Storage
Ground Floor Entry/Lobby Offices Office Storage Restrooms Bank Bank Storage Offices Office Storage Boutique/Retail Boutique/Retail Storage Restroom Makerspace Makerspace Storage Restaurant/Sub Shop Restaurant/Sub Shop Storage Restroom Cafe Storage Cafe Break Room
Storage
Makerspace
Restrooms
Restaurant/ Sub Shop
Boutique/ Retail Storage
Cafe Hallway
Offices
Storage Restrooms Bank
Storage
Break Room
Storage
Offices Entry/ Lobby
Primary Adjacency Secondary Adjacency No Adjacency
Gym Gym Storage Laundry Laundry Storage Microapartments 1 Microapartments 2 Kitchen Kitchen/Dining Storage Dining Outdoor Dining/Garden
Second & Third Floor
Stairs/ Elevators
Restrooms
Storage Kitchen
Gym
Microapartments 1
Laundry
Microapartments 2
Outdoor Dining/ Garden
Dining Storage
Storage
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Evidence-Based Design Green Roofs & Spaces
Incorporating green roofs in the design can increase the sustainability of a building. Green roofs help stormwater management, air quality and thermal benefits, and noise insulation. In the Midwest, only about 25% of water becomes runoff when green roofs are incorporated in designs. This helps clean water and avoid flooding. For air quality, green roofs absorb pollutions from cars and help reduce wind speeds. Thermally, green roofs help lower temperatures, especially in dangerously hot climates. For noise insulation, plants block higher frequencies, which helps reduce indoor sound levels. (Macdonagh, 2005) Green spaces encourage social interactions and psychological benefits. Many times, green spaces provide opportunities for social interactions through seating arrangements. This can lead to conversations and improve the sense of community. Humans are naturally drawn to the beauties of nature, therefore, resulting in more positive moods. In an area consisting mostly of buildings, sidewalks, and roads, the green spaces provide a nice relief in a hard-edged setting. (Macdonagh, 2005) Green roofs have proven to increase the durability of a buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s roof. The greenery protects the roof from ultra violet radiation, temperature fluctuations, and damage seen from maintenance; all of which naturally occur to a typical roof. Green roofs are said to increase a roofâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life expectancy up to three times longer. (Macdonagh, 2005)
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Natural Lighting & Shading Typically, shading is used to help keep too much light from entering a building and causing the space to overheat. The downfall is seen in the back end of the room or area, which now receives little-to-no sunlight. To counteract this, reflective qualities can be added to the sunshade in order to direct the sunlight to the back of the area. This helps keep the core naturally lit without having to compromise temperature comfortability. (Cheng, Chen, Chou, & Chen, 2007) Sunshading devices are useful when keeping down utility costs. The sunshading devices help control the amount of light let into the building spaces. When too much light it let in, it significantly raises the temperature, especially in the summer. When too little light is let in, building temperatures can become too cold in the winter. Natural light controls help keep utility costs down and is more sustainable for the environment because the building will need less energy when using these techniques. (Cheng, Chen, Chou, & Chen, 2007)
Demographics
Restaurant success and failure has a lot to do with the demographics of a neighborhood. A study in Colorado showed that neighborhoods with more renters than home owners were more likely to make the restaurant successful. When people made more money, restaurants were less likely to succeed than if the neighborhood consisted of people who made less than around $50,000. The people who make up this rentersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; margin are around ages twenty to thirty. With young renters in neighborhoods, restaurants are much more likely to succeed. (Parsa, van der Rest, Smith, Parsa, & Bujsic, 2015)
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Synthesis of the Design Problem
Being in an urban area, the design must incorporate sustainable features and greenery. Because of the neighborhoodâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s constant advancement in technology, the building must be able to keep up with trends and be flexible in appearance and function. With development going on all over the neighborhood, views need to be intelligently executed. The density of the building causes light to fade the deeper it goes. A solution needs to be found to bring light into the core of the building to provide more design opportunities. Given the demographics of the neighborhood, the businesses on the ground level need to be successful and bring in revenue. Although small, the micro apartments must be functional and not waste any kind of space.
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References Cheng, C. L., Chen, C. L., Chou, C. P., & Chan, C. Y. (2007). A mini-scale modeling approach to natural daylight utilization in building design. Building and Environment, 42(1), 372-384. Dennis, Lori. Green Interior Design. Allworth Press, 2010. Guthrie, Pat. The Interior Designer's Portable Handbook: First-Step Rules of Thumb for Interior Design. McGraw-Hill, 2012. Jaslow, R. CDC: 80 percent of American adults don't get recommended exercise. CBC News May 3, 2013. Lui, Guiwen. “Factors Influencing the Service Lifespan of Buildings: An Improved Hedonic Model.” Habitat International, vol. 43, July 2014, pp. 274–282., www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197397514000538?via%3Dihub. Macdonagh L.P. (2005). Benefits of Green Roofs. Implicaitons. Retrieved from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/ Mora, Eduardo. “Life Cycle, Sustainability and the Transcendent Quality of Building Materials.” Building and Environment, vol. 42, no. 3, Mar. 2007, pp. 1329–1334., doi:http://www.sciencedirect.com.proxy.mul.missouri.edu/science/article/pii/S0360132305004737. National Geographic. “WeatherSpark.com.” Average Weather in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, Year Round - Weather Spark, Cedar Lake Ventures, Inc, weatherspark.com/y/12083/Average-Weather-in-St.-Louis-Missouri-United-States-Year-Round. Parsa, H. G., van der Rest, J. P. I., Smith, S. R., Parsa, R. A., & Bujisic, M. (2015). Why restaurants fail? Part IV: The relationship between restaurant failures and demographic factors. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 56(1), 80-90. Reed, Ron. Color Design Transforming Interior Space. Fairchild Books, 2014. rssWeather. “Climate for St. Louis, Missouri.” Climate in St. Louis, Missouri, RssWeather, www.rssweather.com/climate/Missouri/St.%20Louis/. Windfinder.com. “Wind and Weather Statistic St. Louis Lambert Airport.” Windfinder.com, Windfinder, www.windfinder.com/windstatistics/st_louis_lambert_airport. Zuo, Jian. “Green Building Research–Current Status and Future Agenda: A Review.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 30, Feb. 2014, pp. 271–281., doi:10.1016/j.rser.2013.10.021.
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