Modern wood products and technologies for construction& introduction of www.dataholz.com -eng by C COU

Modern Wood Products and Technologies for Construction & Practical Application of the Interactive Catalogue for Timber Construction www.dataholz.com R. Brandner Graz University of Technology Competence Centre holz.bau forschungs gmbh

structural timber

glued lam. timber GLT

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

duo | multi girder

Reinhard Brandner

trio | multi girder

cross laminated timber CLT

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

overview

CONTENT  TIMBER at Graz University of Technology  Motivation  Engineered Timber (System) Products – general aspects | processes  linear engineered timber products & roof structure principles  2D engineered timber products  online tool www.dataholz.com

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

overview

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

TIMBER at Graz University of Technology

GRAZ UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Austria / Europe 7 faculties | 11,264 students | 1,222 employees (2010) budget: € 150 Mio. (1/3 third-party)

Faculty of Civil Engineering Sciences 17 institutes | about 1,250 students (2010) [328 “diploma”, 672 “Bachelor”, 158 “Master”, 93 “PhD”]

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology 1991:

Chair for Timber Engineering

10|2004: Institute Timber Engineering and Wood Technology scientific staff: 7.0 FTE | third-party-budget: € 320,000 (2010)

Competence Centre holz.bau forschungs gmbh 09|2002 Acceptance of 4-year-fundings: Competence Center Timber Engineering and Wood Technology 12|2002 Competence Centre holz.bau forschungs gmbh 09|2007 Acceptance of 5-year-fundings: K-Project “timber.engineering” | COMET-Program scientific staff: 7.0 FTE | budget: € 950,000 (2010) Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

TIMBER at Graz University of Technology

Timber Engineering (TE) – Design and Construction Sciences Shell & Spatial Timber Constructions | Innovative and Intelligent Connection Systems

Wood Technology (WT) – Material and Structure Sciences

fm,g,05 [N/mm²]

Advanced Products and Test Methods

50 48 CoV(ft,0,l) = 30 ± 10 % 46 CoV(fm,g) = 15 % 44 CoV(fm,g) = 10 ÷ 20 % 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 fm,g,05 = m ∙ ft,0,l,05 0,82 18 16 m = f {CoV(ft,0,l), CoV(fm,g)} 14 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Material Modelling and Simulation Methods nach [20]: fm,g,k = (2,35 - 0,035 ∙ ft,0,l,k ) ∙ ft,0,l,k nach [21]: fm,g,k =10 + 1,4 ∙ ft,0,l,k nach [22]: fm,g,k = 12 + ft,0,l,k nach [23]: fm,g,k = 6 + 1,05 ∙ ft,0,l,k prEN 1194 (1994): fm,g,k = 9 + 1,2 ∙ ft,0,l,k nach [24] bzw. EN 1194:1999: fm,g,k = 7 + 1,15 ∙ ft,0,l,k nach [25]: fm,g,k =6,82 + 1,22 ∙ ft,0,l,k nach [18]: fm,g,k =7,35 + 1,12 ∙ ft,0,l,k nach [18], ref. NA data: fm,g,k = -12215,3 + 2145 ∙ ln (ft,0,l,k) nach [26], > CoV(ft,0,l): fm,g,k = 3,5 + 1,25 ∙ ft,0,l,k nach [26], < CoV(ft,0,l): fm,g,k =3,5 + 1,15 ∙ ft,0,l,k nach [27]: fm,g,k =9,5 + ft,0,l,k nach [28]: fm,g,k = 2,7 ∙ ft,0,l,k 0,8 unpublished proposal (2006): fm,g,k = 6 + ft,0,l,k

ft,0,l,05 [N/mm²]

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

overview

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

motivation

what we want â&#x20AC;Ś

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

motivation

roof construction of a family house bearing structure: ď&#x192;ş primary construction: solid, finger jointed construction timber, glulam ď&#x192;ş secondary and bracing elements: slats, boards, beams

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

motivation

agricultural building bearing structure made of round timber!

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

motivation

pin-supported & free-span roof elements ď&#x192; 2D-timber elements (e.g. CLT)

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

motivation â&#x20AC;&#x201C; VIP hangar at Vienna Airport | AT

wide-spanned structures ď&#x192; framework 7 m high | span 75 m | width 60 m | set-up time 3.5 weeks!

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

motivation

what we need … … reliable & powerful timber products  EWPs … efficient & economic connection techniques … innovative & creative engineering art Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

motivation â&#x20AC;&#x201C; fair in Frankfurt | D free-span 78 m | 19.4 m overhang on both sides!

source:. Wiehag

framework:

tensile splice:

block glued GLT | GL32c | 640 mm / 720 mm

2 x 208 # | 10 / 400 mm | 45Â° full-threaded self-tapping screws

source:. Wiehag

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

source:. Wiehag

overview

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

EWPs – process principles

raw material GRADING  breakdown  trimming

BONDING

 (kiln)drying

engineered timber (system) products EWPs

cross | edge | face

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

QUALITY ASSURANCE

system of strength (stiffness) classes

core process I: GRADING  … classification of raw material TIMBER  system of strength (stiffness) classes for SOFT- and HARDWOODS, e.g. EN 338  reached by fulfilment of grading requirements regulated by grading class systems, e.g. DIN 4074, EN 14081 NOTE: grading depends on later application (later stresses / strains)!  visual grading (e.g. share of knots, checks, warping, annual ring width)  machine grading (e.g. dyn. E-modulus, density, share of knots) visu a

l gra

ding

 ap  gr pearanc owth e char act.

ding a r eg n i h mac ce n a r pea  ap sical ti c s y s i h r p e  ract a h c Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

grading methods & classes

STANDARDISED ALLOCATION PROCESS

control samples (int. / ext. supervision)

e.g. DIN 4074 EN 14081  output or machine controlled Reinhard Brandner

+ appearance!

strength (stiffness) classes e.g. EN 338 EN 14081

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

core process II: BONDING  … build-up of ENGINEERED TIMBER (SYSTEM) PRODUCTS (EWPs)  no dimensional restrictions in respect to dimension of the raw material  stiff (rigid) connection  homogenisation  increased reliability!  cross bonding (e.g. finger jointing) + grading  optimised utilisation of raw material!  situated in “clear wood”  mainly influenced by production quality  necessity to fulfil minimum requirements I)

II)

 edge & face bonding

III)

IV)

 finger joint geometry and production e.g. EN 385  quality assurance e.g. EN 386

 quality assurance by block shear tests (e.g. EN 392) and / or delaminating tests (e.g. EN 391) Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

classification base product geometry / size linear elements

2D elements (slabs & plates) loaded in / out of plane parallel-layered

cross-layered

beams | girder | scantlings

 solid timber  finger jointed construction timber  duo- and trio-beams  glued laminated solid timber (GLST)

boards | studs

 glued laminated timber (GLT)

 cross laminated timber (CLT)

veneers

 laminated veneer lumber (LVL)

 cross laminated veneer lumber

flakes | chips | fibres

 long-chip beams

 oriented strand board (OSB)

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

overview

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

linear products: overview product

u [%]

dimensions

surface

sawn timber

≤ 20 %

slat:

unplaned / planed

board: beam:

t ≤ 40 mm d < 80 mm t ≤ 40 mm d ≥ 80 mm t ≤ d ≤ 3·w t > 40 mm

additional

round timber

≤ 20 %

l ≤ 20 m d ≤ 300 mm

unmoulded / moulded

unweakened cross sections: fm,d / fc,d +20%

finger jointed construction timber

15±3 %

w = 60-120 mm d = 120-240 mm l ≤ 18 m

planed and moulded (edges)

add. grading requirements, e.g.:    

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

break-down knot share checks discoloration 20

linear products: overview product

u [%]

dimensions

surface

additional

duo- / trio-beams

≤ 15 %

Duo: w = 80-160 mm d = 100-240 mm Trio: w = 180-240 mm d = 100-240 mm

planed and moulded (edges)

e.g.

multi girder

≤ 15 %

multiple of duo- / triobeams!

planed and moulded (edges)

e.g.

glued laminated timber (GLT)

8-15 %

w ≤ 220 (300) mm d ≤ 2000 (3000) mm l ≤ 30 (60) m lamella: t = 6-45 mm

planed and moulded (edges)

e.g.

glued lam. solid timber (GLST)

8-15 %

see GLT (tl > 45 mm)

planed and moulded (edges)

e.g.

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

acc. prEN 14080:2011: w ≤ 280 mm d ≤ 240 mm lamella: t = 45-85 mm N = 2-5 # Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

roof structures of single houses: classification acc. static system

roof classification rafter roof (30 ÷ 60°) rafter roof

collar beam roof

purlin roof (10 ÷ 45°) without brace

with brace

displaceable

undisplaceable

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

rafter roof: types, elements, spans, products

traditional rafter roof

collar beam roof (undisplaceable)

 three-hinged girder

 attic conversion!

wind brace collar beam rafter

wind brace (or formwork)  horizontal loads rafter

tie beam

tie beam < 4.5 m < 12.0 m < 7.0 m

0.7 ÷ 1.0 m

plate of boards, studs or EWPs (e.g. CLT, OSB, LVL)

rafters & tie beams …    

sawn timber finger jointed constr. timber duo- / trio-beams GLT twofold standing roof framing Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

lying roof framing

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

purlin roof: types, elements, spans, products

without brace

with brace ridge purlin

eaves purlin

rafter main post

single standing roof framing

intermediate purlins eaves purlin

rafter main posts

twofold standing roof framing

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

tie principal rafter eaves purlin

main posts

intermediate purlins common rafter sleeper

twofold standing roof framing with brace

rafters, purlins, ties, …    

sawn timber finger jointed constr. timber duo- / trio-beams GLT

 economical span of purlins: 3.5 ÷ 4.5 m

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

bar-like products: fields of application timber lightweight constructions (TLC) |roof structures

purlin roof structure

scarf joint rafter intermediate purlin frame structure milled log construction

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

large-span roof structures: structural systems static system

structural system d=D

straight beam pitched cambered beam

tapered beam

span

girder depth D (d)

girder distance

10 ÷ 35 m

D ≥ l / 17

5 ÷ 7.5 m

10 ÷ 35 m 10 ÷ 35 m

three-hinged truss with tie-rod and trussed beams

20 ÷ 100 m 7.5 ÷ 30 m

truss

d ≥ l / 30 D ≥ l / 16 d ≥ l / 30 D ≥ l / 16 d ≥ l / 40 D≥

l 12 ÷ 15

5 ÷ 7.5 m 5 ÷ 7.5 m 4 ÷ 10 m 4 ÷ 10 m

box girder

≤ 40 m

D ≤ 1.5 m

three-hinged web frame girder

≤ 50 m

D ≥ l / 12

4 ÷ 10 m

20 ÷ 100 m

d ≥ l / 50

4 ÷ 10 m

three-hinged arch

Glulam Manual (1995); Schickhofer (2006) Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

example: GLT construction

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

example: GLT construction girder as pitched cambered beam

purlin

reinforced openings

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

example: CLT & GLT construction (Union swimming hall | AT)

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

example: LVL construction

source: Buchacher

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

overview

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

2D (slab & plate) engineered timber (system) products EWPs oriented strand board (OSB)  acc. EN 300 composed of long, slender and directed strands and adhesive  density: 500 ≤ ρ12 ≤ 700 kg/m³  high dimensional stability in slab-direction due to reduced swelling and shrinkage  optimised for bending perp. to plane of slab

force

 distinctive dependency of mechanical characteristics (stiffness, strength) from the direction of stresses

stressed out of plane (slab): L : T ≈ 2 till 2.5 : 1

s „lo tro n g ng itu ax d i is na l“

w „tr ea an k a sv xi er s se “

 OSB enables 2-D load transfer ( slab)

stressed in plane (plate): L : T ≈ 1.3 : 1

force Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

oriented strand board (OSB) fields of application as load bearing structural elements timber light-weight construction

engineered timber product

source: EUWID Holz spezial



as bracing and load bearing sheeting of roof, floor and wall elements



as load distributing element in floor constructions Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner



as load bearing web-material in I-shaped beams ( high shear capacity)

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

cross laminated timber (CLT): production step

intermediate product | intermediate production process

fingerjointed lamella

grading finger jointing

intermediate STEP: single-layer panel

Cross Laminated Timber (CLT)

up t o

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

edge bonding

(edge +) face bonding 16.5

m (o r lon

ger)

Reinhard Brandner

1.25 m

t o 3. 0

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

example: under-stretched CLT roof construction (BTC testing hall | AT)

 5-layered CLT-elements  span 20 m  OSB decking

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

example: CLT & GLT roof structure – G3 shopping centre Gerasdorf | AT  hyperbolic paraboloid (HP) shell structure | roof area 60.000 m² | CLT + GLT visualisation

source: Graf-Holztechnik

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

cross laminated timber (CLT): CLT in combination with GLT rib floor | slab-girder

box section

e.g. CLT, 5-layered + GLT

e.g. CLT, 3-layered + GLT + CLT, 3-layered

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

cross laminated timber (CLT): folded panels  principles concerning folded panels  construction principle from nature  “plane-active bearing systems” acc. bionic principles  variety of folded panel constructions and applications

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

cross laminated timber (CLT): attics upgrading & earthquakes ď&#x192;¨ reinforced concrete vs. CLT

CLT

concrete 466

127

797

218

centre of gravity of concrete centre of gravity of CLT

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

cross laminated timber (CLT): folded panels & attics uprading  20 m free span! flexible use- and adaptable roof space

column-free overspanning of roof space by triangle shaped folded panel of 5-layered CLT-elements, 140 mm thick

new construction stock record end wall as support of the folded panel shear plates of 5-layered CLTelements 140 mm thick for bearing of horizontal loads (e.g. wind)

 column-free overspan of roof space  short erection time and immediately usability

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

overview

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

www.dataholz.com – a powerful online tool  collection of …  thermal  acoustic  fire performance requirements  ecological drivers for materials  for …  architects  designers  building authorities  builders

  

timber constructions timber components connections

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

≈ 1,500 #

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

www.dataholz.com – a powerful online tool  6 accredited testing & research institutions provide continuous updating  HFA

| Holzforschung Austria  project management

 IBS

| Institute for Fire Protection and Safety Research

 MA 39

| Testing and Research Institution of Vienna

 TGM

| Institute of Technology for Thermal and Acoustic Performance

 IBO

| Austrian Institute for Healthy and Ecological Building

 TU Graz | Laboratory for Building Physics  leading details!

All approved and published parameters are accepted by the Austrian building authorities without any further testing or proof!  simplifies the utilization of timber in building construction  shortens the project planning phase

www.dataholz.com commissioned by the Association of the Austrian Wood Industry marketed by proHolz Austria Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

www.dataholz.com – e.g. building materials: CLT  linear & 2D timber and other building materials  detailed information for each provided product by …

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

www.dataholz.com – e.g. building component: pitched roof

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

 eco 

 acoustic 

 thermal 

 fire 

assemblies

materials

 various types of building components changing in materials and assembly used

www.dataholz.com – e.g. component connections: flat roof LEADING DETAILS for provided components supported with data sheets

 leading details www.bauphysik.tugraz.at Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

overview

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

CONCLUSIONS

“…

building systems including EWPs, efficient connection techniques and well-engineered building physics makes timber roof constructions competitive compared with steel and reinforced concrete …”

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

CONCLUSIONS

„… building with timber enables 

clean and dry working sites



short erection times on site  high degree of prefabrication!



…

…“

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

CONCLUSIONS

„… beside that timber is the 

sustainable



CO2 active



standardised



natural



recyclable …

building material …“

Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Contact:

Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology, Graz University of Technology | AT Competence Centre holz.bau forschungs gmbh Graz | AT Inffeldgasse 24/I A-8010 Graz reinhard.brandner@tugraz.at phone: +43 316 873 4605 fax: +43 316 873 104605 Tirana, Albania, 29th September 2011

Reinhard Brandner

Institute for Timber Engineering and Wood Technology