CHM 4001 Industrial Chemistry
PRODUCTION PROCESS AND APPLICATION OF GLOVES G1 : LATEX GLOVES, NITRILE GLOVES & VINYL GLOVES
Group members:
• Ku Idayu binti Idris • Fazilah Farhana biinti Abd Aziz • Maryam Aisyah binti Abdullah • Rosliyan bt. Abdul Syukur • Nor Arina Syafawati bt. Abd Aziz • Nur Aisyah Nasuha bt. Mohd Azam • Wong Lim Le
Lecturer : Dr. Haslina bt. Ahmad
APPRECIATION • We would like to thank to our industrial chemistry lecturer, Dr. Halina bt. Ahmad because she plan the visit well to us. Then, also thank to Top Gloves company because allow us to do the industrial visit.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT • Industrial chemistry is one of our elective course. This course gives us the knowledge about application of chemistry in industry field. To complete this course, we need to do industrial visit report which cover 10% of our carry marks. The report is based on our industrial visit which is about the production and process of rubber and its application. This report must be done in e-scrapbook form.
x Late s ve o l G
INTRODUCTION
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The quality standards for both powdered and powder-free gloves are Conforms to ASTM D3578 and EN455 Standards. Besides that, they are manufactured under QSR (GMP) and ISO9001: 2008 Quality Management System and lastly it is using FDA approved absorbable corn starch, USP grade.
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The gloves size come in varieties sizes which are Extra-Small (XS), Small (S), Medium (M), Large (L), and Extra-large (XL). The all sizes are marked in the check box on the shipping carton with black ink.
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For the product specifications for powdered and powder-free gloves included the type of gloves, materials of gloves, design and featured storage and shelf-life of gloves. For the type of gloves are Powdered, Powder-freeand non-sterile. The material used in making this type of gloves is natural high quality latex.
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The design and features for the powdered gloves are ambidextrous which are smooth or fully textured surface, beaded cuff, natural white, coloured gloves ehich are in blue or green in colourand it has a mintflavoured which are used widely in dentistry field. Lastly, the design of powdered gloves is where they used absorbable cornstarch USP Grade.
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Meanwhile, the design and features used in making the Powder-Free gloves, it has the Polymer Coated or Online Chlorinated. The other design and features are ambidextrous, smooth or fully textured, beaded cuff, off-white to yellow and blue.
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The storage of the gloves shall maintain their propertieswhen stored in a dry condition at the temperature which are not higher than 30°C. Meanwhile, the shelf-life for the powdered and powder-free gloves are 5 years from the date of manufacturing.
ile Nitr s love G • Quality Standards for both powdered and powder-free Nitrile gloves are conforms to ASTM D6319 and EN 455 Standards. Besides that, it is manufactured under QSR (GMP), ISO 9001:2008 & ISO 13485:2003 (Medical Device) Quality Management System. It also biocompatibility tested or biocompatibility friendly, resists permeation by a wide range of chemicals as compared to natural rubber latex of the same thickness.
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The sizes for powdered and powder-free Nitrile glove come in variety of sizes which are Extra-small (XS), Small (S), Medium (M), Large (L), and Extra-large (XL). The size of Nitrile gloves are marked in the check box on the shipping carton with black ink.
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Product Specification for powdered and powder-free Nitrile gloves included the type of gloves, material used to make the gloves, design and features, the storage of gloves and its shelf-life. For the type of gloves produced are Powdered or Powder-free and non-sterile.
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Material used to make the Nitrile gloves is a Synthetic Nitrile Latex. For the Design and Features of Nitrile gloves are ambidextrous, Finger-textured, beaded cuff, white or coloured. Other colour of this Nitrile gloves are in blue, green, pink or light purple colours.
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The storage for Nitrile gloves is the gloves shall maintain their properties when stored in a dry condition at temperature not higher than 30°C. Meanwhile, the shelf-life for the Nitrile gloves are5 years from the date of manufacturing.
yl n i V v es o l G •
The Quality Standards for the Vinyl powdered and powdered gloves is conforms to ASTM D5250 and EN455 standards. Besides that, the Vinyl gloves are manufactured under QSR (GMP), ISO9001:2008 & ISO 13485:2003 (Medical Device) Quality Management System.
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The Vinyl glove are come in many sizes which are Extra-small (XS), Small(S), Medium(M), Large(L), Extra-large(XL). All of the sizes are marked in the check box on the shipping carton with black ink.
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The product specification for the powdered and powder-free Vinyl gloves are the type of gloves, the material used to make Vinyl gloves, colour of Vinyl gloves that are available, design and features, storage of Vinyl gloves, packing style and shelf-life of Vinyl gloves
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The type of Vinyl gloves are Powdered and non-sterile. Meanwhile, the materials used to make the Vinyl gloves are Polyvinyl Chloride paste resin, with grade: FPC DNV2P.thecolour that available for Vinyl gloves are clear and blue only.
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For the design and features of Vinyl Gloves, it is ambidextrous, beaded cuff, and smooth. The storage of Vinyl gloves are the gloves shall maintain their properties when stored in a dry condition at temperature between 10 to 30°C.
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Besides that, we must protect gloves against ultra violet light sources, such as sunlight and oxidizing agents because the copper ions will discolor the glove. The packing style for Vinyl gloves are 100pcs gloves x 100 dispensers x 1 carton. Lastly, the shelf-life of Vinyl gloves are same as other gloves which is 5 years from the date of manufacturing.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GLOVES
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Top Gloves Factory
Briefing on the industrial visit at F10 meeting room
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Formers (to give shape to the gloves)
Leaching process
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Rubber compounding
Packaging process
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Latex Dipping
Chlorination process
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T he final gloves before glove stripping
Inspection of gloves (water testing )
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Diagram of making powder free gloves
Diagram of making powder gloves
PROCESS
Former Cleaning
Coagulant Dipping
Drying
Latex Dipping
A smooth and clean surface of formers is achieved by cleaning with acid solutions in acid tank by horizontal washing and rinsed with clean water. When the formers are not cleaned thoroughly, defects such as pin holes can occurs. This process involves formers to be dipped into coagulant solution primarily consist of calcium nitrate and calcium carbonate. Allows the latex or synthetic to adhere but not bind to the form. Dry it in the drying oven. The coagulant converts the liquid latex film into a wet-gel on the glove formers and will eventually travel through a series of ovens to dry the gloves and end the coagulation process. Dip into latex tank that contains compounded matured latex from different formula :Latex glove : Natural high quality latex Nitrile glove : Synthetic nitrile latex Vinyl glove : Polyvinyl Chloride paste resin A latex layer will be formed on the glove former after it goes through this tank. As for vinyl glove, there will be double layers of latex to provide double protection. *The thickness of the latex glove is determined at the coagulating and dipping stage. The longer the time the glove former travels in the coagulant tank, the thicker the latex gloves will be formed.
Leaching
Forms and the sticky gloves are dipped into hot water tanks. This process extracts proteins and other residuals to lower the potential for an allergic reaction. A longer leaching line can wash out latex proteins more effectively.
Beading
After internal coating gloves are beaded to provide a grip while donning, as well as to prevent roll back. This process does not only provide better aesthetic look to the gloves but also enhance the cuff strength.
Vulcanizing
The vulcanization process irreversibly cross-links the polymer chains with sulphur. The accelerators which were added during the compounding phase increase the speed and efficiency of the cross-linking process. This process ensures the rubber will not be torn and melt easily.
Post Leaching
Post-leaching is almost similar to the pre-leaching process. This process removes additional chemical residue that are previously still trapped between the polymer matrices.
Slurry Dipping
For powdered gloves of these three types, they are then put through a wet powdering process called slurry to ensure even powdering. The gloves will go through more ovens for further drying and additional rinsing cycles where the powder will be removed. Like beading, the slurry is intended to help make the glove easier to don.
Stripping
The gloves are stripped off the formers by a fully automated stripping machine, where they are turned inside out.
Tumbling
To remove excessive powder on the gloves. The gloves are putting into the commercial dryers to ensure that the powder is more evenly distributed and excess powder can be removed.
Quality Control
Gloves are then measured and subjected to inspection by air and water testing to ensure compliance with acceptable quality standard standards. The air pump test serves to check for holes and visual defects in gloves while the watertight test serves to check for pinholes rate on the latex gloves.
FUNCTIONAL BENEFITS Latex Gloves •
Protect from unwanted or dangerous substances.
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Easy donning
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Softness provides superior comfort and natural fit.
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Beaded cuff makes donning easy.
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Ambidextrous and straight fingers.
Nitrile Gloves • Nitrile gloves are 3 times more puncture resistant than regular latex gloves.
Used in laboratory
• Provides a stronger barrier of protection and offers greater chemical resistance. • Have a lower resistance to friction, making them easier to put on and take off your hands. • Do not contain any natural rubber latex, so they can be used by anyone with latex allergies.
Used in medical
• Can be worn under other work gloves to make them water-proof. • Has a longer shelf life than natural rubber latex. • Versatile and can be used across a large spectrum of industries
Powder free
Protect hand against chemical and biological hazard
Vinyl Gloves • Intrinsic softness reduces hand fatigue even for long hours of wearing these gloves, due to low 100% modulus 25 kg/cm² comparing with normal commercial product at 3 kg/cm²; super flexibility and light weight. • Double layers of PVC/PU films to provide double protection. • Odour free, results from special formulations. • Ease in donning due to the excellent slippery inner surface.
REFERENCE • https://www.topglove.com.my/
• http://www.copshopuk.com/purple-nitrile-gloves • http://www.wintexindustry.com/e_products/? 1-2-1-Nitrile-Glove.html
• http:// www.medicalexamglove.com/latex-gloves/mp_go • http:// www.riverstone.com.my/facilities.html
MY THOUGHT • The industrial visit was really interesting and it should be done every semester especially for those who taking industrial chemistry course. From the visit , we can understand more on the process of production of gloves. Besides, it also can gives motivation to the students to study hard and think creative. So that, they can create something beneficial to the industry , environment and human.