Fractional Distillation

Fractional Distillation in Scientific Labs

Introduction to Fractional Distillation ď‚ž Fractional

distillation is one of the widely used distillation technique used in R & D sector because of its efficiency and accuracy.

ď‚ž It

is more efficient in separating ideal solutions into their pure components than the traitional method of distillation

Appartus Involved  Heat

Source for e.g a hot plate with a bath

A

distillation flask (preferably a round-bottom flask)

A

collecting flask ( conical shaped or round-bottom flask)

 Fractionating  Distillation

column ( elongated glass ware for solvent cooling)

head

 Thermometer

(to measure the temperature of the solvent placed)

 Condenser  Vaccumed Adapter  Boiling  Rubber

(to carry out distillations under reduced pressure)

chips or Anti-bumping granules

bungs, unless laboratory glassware with ground glass joints is used, such as a quickfit apparatus.

Purification of Ethanol in Research laboratories  Purification

of water and ethanol mixture is usually carried in the research labs

 The

separation of ethanol and water is based upon the different boiling point of the two solvent.

 Ethanol

require boiling point of 78.5 ° water boils at a temperature of 100 degree Celsius

 Boiling

the mixture in fractional distillation column separates the liquid into its respective components

 Usaully

96% of pure ethanol is extracted by fractional distillation technique

ď‚ž Similarly

various other Azeotropic mixture can be extracted using fractional distillation technique such as a mixture of cyclohexane and toluene, etc.

ď‚ž Fractional

Distillation has gained a wider application in scientific research laboratories and in industrial application to extract the pure form of solvent from its solvent mixture

Fractional Distillation has paved the way to many industries and labs for a cost effective solution in solvent extraction technique