K WA N G K A I J I E [portfolio] 2020 - 2021
1
K WA N G K A I J I E Phone Number Email Portfolio
+65 9329 7476 kwangkaijie1997@gmail.com www.issuu.com/kwang_kai_jie
E D U C AT I O N Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD)
May 2018 - Sep 2021
Raffles Junior College
Jan 2014 - Dec 2015
Raffles Institution
Jun 2010 - Dec 2013
S O F T WA R E P R O F I C I E N C Y Rhino 3D
Grasshopper + Python
Revit
Adobe Photoshop
Fusion 360
Adobe Illustrator
Unreal Engine 4 Enscape Twinmotion
Adobe Indesign Adobe Premier Pro Energy Modelling Software
WORK EXPERIENCE Architectural Intelligence Research Lab (AIRLAB) Architectural Intern
Apr 2019
AWA R D S DBS X GovTech X SUTD Smart Nation Challenge
Dec 2018
Champion Designed UI / UX for application
2
3
CONTENTS STUDIO PROJECTS Central Green Housing Project Gifu Media Sphere Adaptive Reuse Project
8 34
COMPUTATION
4
Terracotta House Vietnam Tube House
56
Halves CNC Project
64
PHOTOGRAPHY
71
5
STUDIO PROJECTS
6
7
As the central plot in the precinct, our housing project serves as the bridge that connects the Kallang Sports Hub, the Transport Hub, the Geylang Shophouses, and the Kallang Basin. As a pedestrian friendly precinct, the project elevates the overall experience of pedestrians as they pass through the primary circulation as a reaction to the Masterplan.
CENTRAL GREEN
The Central Green is the anchor of the precinct that creates a central holding point, where in the heart of our site lies a lush, comfortable space that serves as a protection from the hustle and bustle of the surrounding streets before moving back out. The housing project focuses on social space and community living, and to achieve that, revolves around enabling small businesses that arise out of the skills and interests of residents to flourish within each unit, thereby encouraging residents to more frequently visit their neighbours.
Studio Instructor: Andrew Lee
*This Housing Project was done in collaboration with 1 other studio groupmate.
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URBAN NETWORKS KALLANG X // Precinct 4 Team: Phoebe Kong, Diane Lee, Sruti Niranjan, Charlene Gwee, Sarah Omer, Lee Yin Jie, Chua Bing Lun, Matthew Tsou, Chong Yuan Wen, Kwang Kai Jie, Faizaanullah, Ashley Chen, Lynus Lim, Chew Yunqing
MASTER PLAN
Key Data: 165,747 sqm The master
plan for the precint itself has an elevated pedestrian bridge as its main attraction. The elevated pedestrian bridge connects the Sports Hub, Kallang MRT, Geylang Shophouses, Golden Mile Complex, and Lavender MRT. It also provides an opportunity for housing developments to be situated along the belt, creating a new kind of circulation between housing plots in the precinct. There is also a loop of the Kallang River that is introduced into the precinct, as well as a network of storm drains that drain rainwater. Both these water elements create a Venetian waterfront feel for the entire precinct.
Green Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Blue Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Ground Level Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Underground Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary passage
-65.0m
secondary passage
-65.0m
space/ place
Upper Level Public Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Air Mobility Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
0
30
*This Master Plan was done in collaboration with 13 other studio groupmates.
60
Scale 1:3,000
My groupmate and I were in charge of the Ground / Pedestrian layer. 0
10
20
10
11
-3.0
m
12
13
Green Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
URBAN NETWORK
Blue Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Ground Level Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Underground Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary passage
-65.0m
secondary passage
-65.0m
space/ place
Upper Level Public Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Air Mobility Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
0
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Scale 1:1,000
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GROUND PEDESTRIAN LAYER - HISTORICAL GRID The boundary edge is surrounded by roads and water from the left of the plot. It is further distinguised to two areas, the buffer zone as well as node area area node primary primary the public belt at the heart of the site. From the original Historical Site, we extrapolate a base historical grid referencing from the old Kallang secondary secondary airport and runway, which guides the formation of land parcels in the heart of the site, wrapped around a water canal that has been brought tertiary tertiary into the site from the boundary that faces the water of Kallang Basin. Blue Network
Green Space
Activities node
area
Public Space
Circulation
node
node
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
tertiary
-65.0m
area
0
30
Scale 1:3,000
area
primary
-65.0m
primary
secondary
-65.0m
secondary
tertiary
-65.0m
tertiary
60
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URBAN NETWORK
Green Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Blue Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Ground Level Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Underground Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary passage
-65.0m
secondary passage
-65.0m
space/ place
Upper Level Public Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Air Mobility Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
0
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Scale 1:1,000
0
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Scale 1:1,500 0
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Scale 1:3,000 0
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Scale 1:5,000
GROUND PEDESTRIAN LAYER - GREEN HOUSING BELT The Green deck is a landform structure that is generated out of the connections betwen the major external nodes of the site - National Network Green Space Stadium, Golden Mile, Kallang MRT, Geyland Shophouses, Mountbatten MRT as well as Lavendar MRT. The highestBlue point of the Green node area area node Deck is + 12m, and spans the entire site, providing a smooth transition between the nodes. The organic curves primary the primaryof the Green Deck allows secondarythe secondary pedestrians to take a curved route, providinig them a nice scenic route through the site. This is reflected in the waterfront broadwalk from tertiary tertiary cresent land parcel section of the Historical Grid.
Activities node
Public 0 Space 30 node
area
60
area
Circulation node
area
primary
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
-65.0m
tertiary
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
tertiary
Scale 1:3,000
SUPERDIVERSITY | Urban Living for All Spring 2021 | THE NEW URBAN GROUND 16
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[ GROUND PEDESTRIAN NETWORK ]
View Across the Kallang River into our site
0
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Scale 1:2,500
1 : 2500 Exploded Axonometric
View under the Green deck
03
06
0
Scale 1:3,000
Vignette 1
Vignette 2
[ KWANG KAI JIE | PHOEBE KONG LI HUI ] 18
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Green Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
URBAN NETWORK
Blue Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Ground Level Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Underground Circulation node
PLAN
area
-65.0m
primary passage
-65.0m
secondary passage
-65.0m
space/ place
Upper Level Public Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Air Mobility Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
0
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Scale 1:1,000
0
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Scale 1:1,500 0
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Scale 1:3,000 0
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Scale 1:5,000
Blue Network Layer The blue network within the precinct resembles a hierarchical system of water channels (-3.0m elevation) all connected to Kallang River. The primary water channel is a looped canal that circumvents the historical centre (0.0m) creating the main nature-filled walkways (-2.0m) and seating galleries forming a multifunctional contemporary linear parkwith a hydroponic mangrove garden. Overhead bridges linking the surrounding ground (+1.5m) to the centre (0.0m) and orthogonal cross-canal linkages (-1.0m) are spaced throughout the primary channel. A secondary offshoot from the canal cuts across the waterfront forming a loop for kayaks, canoes and other boats to potentially dock. Within the historical centre lies a grid network of bioswales that subdivide the centre into islands.
Blue Network
Green Space node -65.0m -65.0m -65.0m
area
0
node
30
Scale 1:3,000
area
primary
60
-65.0m
primary
-
secondary
-65.0m
secondary
-
tertiary
-65.0m
tertiary
-
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Green Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
URBAN NETWORK
Blue Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Ground Level Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Underground Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary passage
-65.0m
secondary passage
-65.0m
space/ place
Upper Level Public Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Air Mobility Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
0
10
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Scale 1:1,000
0
15
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Scale 1:1,500 0
30
60
Scale 1:3,000 0
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Scale 1:5,000
Blue Network Layer The blue network within the precinct resembles a hierarchical system of water channels (-3.0m elevation) all connected to Kallang River. The primary water channel is a looped canal that circumvents the historical centre (0.0m) creating the main nature-filled walkways (-2.0m) and seating galleries forming a multifunctional contemporary linear parkwith a hydroponic mangrove garden. Overhead bridges linking the surrounding ground (+1.5m) to the centre (0.0m) and orthogonal cross-canal linkages (-1.0m) are spaced throughout the primary channel. A secondary offshoot from the canal cuts across the waterfront forming a loop for kayaks, canoes and other boats to potentially dock. Within the historical centre lies a grid network of bioswales that subdivide the centre into islands. SUPERDIVERSITY | Urban Living for All Spring 2021 | THE NEW URBAN GROUND
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Blue Network
Green Space node -65.0m -65.0m -65.0m
area
0
node
30
Scale 1:3,000
area
primary
60
-65.0m
primary
secondary
-65.0m
secondary
tertiary
-65.0m
tertiary
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BLUE NETWORK
Waterfront overlooking Kallang Basin
0
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Scale 1:2,500
Exploded Axonometric showing the layering of urban belt over the blue networks
Mangrove Forest Along the Western bend of Primary Canal
03
06
0
Scale 1:3,000
Canal
Bioswale
Waterfront
[ SYED FAIZAAN | SARAH OMER] 24
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Green Space
area URBAN NETWORK
node -65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Blue Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Ground Level Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Underground Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary passage
-65.0m
secondary passage
-65.0m
space/ place
Upper Level Public Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Air Mobility Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
0
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Scale 1:1,000
0
15
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Scale 1:1,500 0
30
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Scale 1:3,000 0
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Scale 1:5,000
Green Network Layer Greenery is employed as a medium to engage with the greater site context. The addition of a green deck over the precinct creates opportunities for interesting housing bands, of which we see the potential for an agriculture ‘zone’. Moving downwards, the flora attempts to enrich the ecological diversity of the site by connecting the waterfront to the adjacent land parcels. Greenery is then employed as a buffer to mitigate noise from the KPE and Nicoll Highway. Looping back into the heart of the precinct, a network of green pathways invites residents into the central activity space. The historic site is transformed into a series of parks and leisure zones that can be enjoyed by residents in a variety of ways.
B
Green Space 0
30
Scale 1:3,000
60
node
area
-65.0m
primary
-6
-65.0m
secondary
-6
-65.0m
tertiary
-6
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Green Space
area URBAN NETWORK
node -65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Blue Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Ground Level Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Underground Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary passage
-65.0m
secondary passage
-65.0m
space/ place
Upper Level Public Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Air Mobility Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
0
10
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Scale 1:1,000
0
15
30
Scale 1:1,500 0
30
60
Scale 1:3,000 0
50
100
Scale 1:5,000
Green Network Layer Greenery is employed as a medium to engage with the greater site context. The addition of a green deck over the precinct creates opportunities for interesting housing bands, of which we see the potential for an agriculture ‘zone’. Moving downwards, the flora attempts to enrich the ecological diversity of the site by connecting the waterfront to the adjacent land parcels. Greenery is then employed as a buffer to mitigate noise from the KPE and Nicoll Highway. Looping back into the heart of the precinct, a network of green pathways invites residents into the central activity space. The historic site is transformed into a series of parks and leisure zones that can be enjoyed by residents in a variety of ways.
B
Green Space 0
30
Scale 1:3,000
60
node
area
-65.0m
primary
-6
-65.0m
secondary
-6
-65.0m
tertiary
-6
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[ YOUR NETWORK LAYER ]
A landmark tree grows in the middle of the activity belt, acting as a way finder.
0
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Scale 1:2,500
[caption]
The greendeck is lined with farming plots overlooking the Kallang Basin where the community can grow their greens.
03
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0
Scale 1:3,000
[vignette 1] [vignette 2]
Ashley Chen | Lynus Lim 30
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URBAN NETWORK
Green Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Blue Network node
Activities Layer Activities are divided into three main categories, primary, secondary and tertiary, and arranged along with the historic centre core via a 20x20 historical grid. There are three main hubs for primary activities: firstly, the main historical belt linking the old Airport Terminal Building to Kallang MRT, which is the main thoroughfare for pedestrians. Secondly, the Kallang waterfront strip, which facilitates activities that take place in the Kallang Basin. Lastly, within the drone port terminals, which is where deliveries and travels happen. Several secondary nodes distributed around the islands and the drone ports act as a circuit along the pathways for activities to occur in these public spaces. Lowintensity activities in the remaining spaces are then categorised as tertiary spaces.
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities 0
30
60
node
38
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Scale 1:3,000
Ground Level Circulation node
SUPERDIVERSITY | Urban Living for All Spring 2021 | THE NEW URBAN GROUND
area
-65.0m
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
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URBAN NETWORK
Green Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Blue Network node
Activities Layer Activities are divided into three main categories, primary, secondary and tertiary, and arranged along with the historic centre core via a 20x20 historical grid. There are three main hubs for primary activities: firstly, the main historical belt linking the old Airport Terminal Building to Kallang MRT, which is the main thoroughfare for pedestrians. Secondly, the Kallang waterfront strip, which facilitates activities that take place in the Kallang Basin. Lastly, within the drone port terminals, which is where deliveries and travels happen. Several secondary nodes distributed around the islands and the drone ports act as a circuit along the pathways for activities to occur in these public spaces. Lowintensity activities in the remaining spaces are then categorised as tertiary spaces.
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities 0
30
60
node
40
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Scale 1:3,000
Ground Level Circulation node
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area
-65.0m
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
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[ ACTIVITIES LAYER ]
Vignette 1: View under elevated bridge showing education activities
0
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Scale 1:2,500
1:2500 Exploded Axonometric
Vignette 2: View of historic centre showing bicycle hub activities
03
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0
Scale 1:3,000
vignette 2
vignette 1
[ Chong Yuan Wen|Lee Xuan Ying Diane ] 42
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AIR MOBILITY NETWORK
VIGNETTE 1: drone hub entrance on elevated ground level
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Scale 1:2,500
Drone flight network
VIGNETTE 2: air taxi landing pad atop drone hub
03
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Scale 1:3,000 vignette 2
vignette 1
Chew Yun Qing | Matthew Tsou 44
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Green Space node
URBAN NETWORK
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Blue Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities node -3.0m
-1.5m
area
-1.5m
-3.0m
-3.0m
-3.0m
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary tertiary
-65.0m
-1.5m
-1.5m
Ground Level Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
-1.5m
-3.0m
-1.5m
-3.0m
-1.5m
-3.0m
Underground Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary passage
-65.0m
secondary passage
-65.0m
space/ place
Upper Level Public Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Air Mobility Network node
-3.0m
-3.0m
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
-3.0m
-1.5m
-3.0m
-3.0m
0
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Scale 1:1,000
0
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Scale 1:1,500 0
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Scale 1:3,000 0
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Scale 1:5,000
Network Layer The transport layer connects vehicles from the surrounding roads that are present on the circumference of the given plot of land: Nicoll Blue Network Green Space highway and Geylang road. Transport is mostly brought undergreound, to allow more space above. The main urban concept is for the carpark node area area node primary to hug around the curated river. Its shape also follows the historical grid, as denoted from the old kallang airport. The inner carpark isprimary shifted secondary secondary up to be higher than the outer carpark by 1.5m, to promote natural ventilation and to provide views towards the river. The offset spaces within tertiary tertiary the carpark is turned into courtyards so as to allow natural daylight inside, as well as to soften the usual monotonous view within.
Activities node
Public Space node
area
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
tertiary
-65.0m
0 area
Circulation 30
Scale 1:3,000
60
node
U
no
area
primary
-65.0m
primary
-65
secondary
-65.0m
secondary
-65
tertiary
-65.0m
tertiary
-65
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URBAN NETWORK
Green Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Blue Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Activities node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Ground Level Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Underground Circulation node
area
-65.0m
primary passage
-65.0m
secondary passage
-65.0m
space/ place
Upper Level Public Space node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
Air Mobility Network node
area
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
0
10
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Scale 1:1,000
0
15
30
Scale 1:1,500 0
30
60
Scale 1:3,000 0
50
100
Scale 1:5,000
Network Layer The transport layer connects vehicles from the surrounding roads that are present on the circumference of the given plot of land: Nicoll Blue Network GreenThe Space highway and Geylang road. Transport is mostly brought undergreound, to allow more space above. main urban concept is for the carpark node area area node to hug around the curated river. Its shape also follows the historical grid, as denoted from the old kallang airport. The inner carpark isprimary shifted primary secondary up to be higher than the outer carpark by 1.5m, to promote natural ventilation and to provide views towards the river. The offset spacessecondary within tertiary tertiary the carpark is turned into courtyards so as to allow natural daylight inside, as well as to soften the usual monotonous view within.
Activities node
Public 0 Space 30 node
area
60
area
Circulation node
area
primary
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
tertiary
-65.0m
tertiary
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
primary
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
secondary
-65.0m
-65.0m
-65.0m
tertiary
Scale 1:3,000
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[ TRANSPORT NETWORK]
View Towards Courtyard
-3.0
m
0
25
50
Scale 1:2,500
View Towards Canal
03
06
0
Scale 1:3,000
View Towards Courtyard View Towards River
[ Nickson Chua Bing Lun | Elanca Gwee Charlene] 50
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URBAN NETWORK
AIR MOBILITY We envision the aerial layer to be one that can offer much more than passive anonymous delivery by enriching it with the social dimension of the spectatorial and anticipation that is special to the aerial domain of people and objects landing and taking flight. Our aerial network is made up of a series of 3 monolithic towers, each of which is expanded to encapsulate multiple tiers of functionalities that operate together. The top most layer is the taxi drone landing zone which is accessible from the ground the bridge through 4 lifts. Delivery drones fly in below to deposit their goods into a conveyor belt. The goods descend through a publicly visible spiral path, and are then collected at the bridge or ground level by humans (much like a POP station). The hollow centre running through the centre of the tower is designed for stack ventilation effect for natural cooling at the ground plane, on top as functioning as the exit path of delivery drones. Taken together in its natural seat on site, the towers, with its accompanying circulatory access points (lifts and staircases), supercharge and connect both the ground the elevated new ground, while functioning as way-finding landmarks that centre the whole site.
Air Mobility Network 0
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Scale 1:3,000
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area
+150.0m
primary
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secondary
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tertiary
SUPERDIVERSITY | Urban Living for All Spring 2021 | THE NEW URBAN GROUND 52
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GROUND PLAN This is the ground level site plan. Since our plot was the central one in the entire precinct, and being a pedestrian friendly precinct people had to walk through our plot to get to where they need to go, the core concept for our plot was to create a central green sanctuary away from the hustle and bustle of the city, and provide a calming space as pedestrians pass through, before being released back into the urban landscape. The density of the greenery gets higher and higher as people move into the center of the plot, and the circulation consists of an inner loop that connects all 5 housing blocks and bring pedestrians around the central garden.
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ELEVATED BELT PLAN This is the elevated belt plan. Situated +12m above ground level, the elevated belt brings about an extra layer of circulation, and acts as more of a highway between the major nodes around the precint. The belt connects all 5 housing blocks as well, and has a more obvious route of dispersal from the central highway out into the blocks. Each entrance leads into the lift core of each block as well as the main paexes, which serve as the main social space for residents.
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BLOCK PLAN The layout of the blocks itself follows a programmatic layout as follows: private space on the outer layer, common space (semi public - private) in the middle, and then public space on the innermost layer. There are also a multiple social spots, the main 3 being located at the apexes and the tips of each floor. There are also businesses at the 2 ends of each block within the first 4 floors, which point towards the central garden in order to create social spaces along the inner garden loop.
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UNIT PLANS The unit configurations consist of studio apartments and 3 room apartments. These 2 unit types can be combined with itself or each other to create different types of unit configurations, in order to suit the needs of different families. Between them is a yard, and each yard has a small desk attached to one of the units. This is intended to provide a common area in order to foster social interaction between residents. The kitchens are directly linked to and faces the corridor, which is meant to create opportunity for interaction when walking along the corridor, as well as provide a way for small businesses to arise from the individual residents’ hobbies and interests. There is also a co living unit with 4 total bedrooms meant for servicing the businesses.
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FACADE The facade acts as a method for shading, and as a second skin, works to help create a stack effect for increased air flow within the blocks. The simulations shown on the next page show how wind flow from both the north and south, as well as the fact that the bottom is cooler due to shading by the trees and the belt, as well as the presence of water. The louvres that act as shading devices also serve as an opportunity for urban vertical farming, and give residents a way to grow their own indoor edible garden.
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NORTH WIND PRESSURE
VELOCITY
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SOUTH WIND PRESSURE
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ANNUAL RADIATION SITE
PURE SITE
SITE + TREES
SITE + TREES + BELT
ANNUAL RADIATION MASSING
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GIFU MEDIA SPHERE S t u d i o I n s t ru c to r : Ta m ot s u i to The Municipal Hall in Gifu City is currently an abandoned auditorium. The proposal for intervention was to convert it into a digital arts and media campus with a gallery atop the old cylindrical auditorium. The digital media arts format would help to revive some of the old traditional crafts in the prefecture, as well as create opportunity for collaboration with different players within Gifu city. It would also serve as a way to revive a key location alongside the main spine of Gifu city.
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BEFORE Ogaki city is a fairly suburban city with not much going on for it, a lot of farmland and a high reliance on cars and parking lots highlighted in purple, and a low reliance of public transport and walking. The IAMAS campus therefore sees very little outsiders. In contrast, Gifu city sees a high reliance on public transport and walking. The Municipal Hall is located right on an intersection of Kinkabashi Street which is a main road of Gifu city linking the Nagara River and the Gifu station, and opposite is the newly constructed City Hall, the Media Cosmos and the Mieji Kannon. There are also many schools around the area highlighted in green, and traditional crafts spots.
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AFTER Therefore, the decision to give the Municipal Hall to IAMAS was to give them a fresh environment to work with, one that allows them to take advantage of the high foot traffic and build a closer relationship with the public by actively engaging them more within the campus. It also gives IAMAS more opportunities within Gifu city itself, since having worked with external organisations before, they have even more to choose from in Gifu City. Referencing the map above, it can be seen therefore that all these exciting opportunities in gifu are suddenly not only available for the students in the new Gifu campus, but also those back home in Ogaki city as well.
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CONCEPT DIAGRAM / FLOOR PLANS For the concept of this project, I took on a rather “function follows form” approach. The fact the auditorium space now had to accommodate a campus for roughly 100 students meant that I had to add a lot of floor space. And since it also included having a school originally from far away come in and take over an old building, I decided to take on the concept of having the additional volumes look like aliens landed from the sky and overshadows but also compliments the old form. This, paired with the fact that the original massing was, in essence, one cylinder and one L shape, led me to choose to add a sphere on top of the cylinder as the main “overshadowing” “alien landing” component, and the tower behind it as the “complimentary” form that connects the old and the new volumes, thus ending up with 4 distinct geometries that can then be given the functions required for a media arts school.
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SECTION The main thing that this section shows should be the different ways that the 4 distinct geometries connected to one another. From the cylinderical auditorium to the L shape podium to the tower campus to the dome gallery, and then finally back to the cylindrical auditorium. Physical connectivity is not the only thing at play here, as all 4 voulmes are also visually connecte to create a cohesive experience, as well as versatility in the possibilities of media arts creation.
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1:50 Model 88
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C O M P U TAT I O N
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IRIDESCENCE Iridescence couples sustainable materials with modern fabrication technologies. It features both contemplative and social zones appealing to multiple users. Light punctures to create an ethereal experience that changes throughout each day regardless of the zone. Situated on one of the terraces of CapitaGreen in Singapore, it is the perfect icon of sustainable design and beauty from natural recirculated elements.
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GRASSHOPPER This is the Grasshopper code that generated the form of the pavilion. It primarily uses the Kangaroo2 plugin to inflate an originally flat mesh to create the bubble like form.
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GRASSHOPPER This is the first part of the Grasshopper code that generated the form. The base surface, as shown on the right, gets converted into a mesh with customised settings, like minimum and maximum strut length and re-triangulation.
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GRASSHOPPER This is the part of the code that uses the Kangaroo2 Plugin, and the constraints / parameters are shown on the left. First the mesh vertices are extracted and converted into springs. Next, the anchor points are set which would be all the points on the outer perimeter except for where the doors would go. Then, some other constraints are set, like extra anchor points for certain regions (e.g. the middle of the pavilion) etc. Finally, a pressure value is applied onto every point of the mesh to simulate inflation. These parameters then culminate into the final solver which computes everything and gives the output of a final mesh.
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GRASSHOPPER This final part of the Grasshopper script takes the inflated mesh and uses its information to generate the real life parts that would be needed to fabricate this pavilion. The three main parts are: the Struts, the Nodes, and the Panels. The Struts were created by taking the final mesh’s edges and craeting a pipe around them. The Nodes were created by taking the final mesh’s vertices and its corresponding smaller portions of the adjacent edges, and creating a geometry around them. The panels were created by taking the final mesh’s faces, triangulating them into smaller triangles, scaling them down and trimming them in different ways depending on the needs of each region. These 3 parts then join together to form the final product.
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The assignment was to use create a study in forms using a pneumatic system. Our inspiration stems from the Nike’s 2016 additions to its Free footwear family. The pattern on the mid-soles of the shoe offers the runner multi-directional flexibility; expanding and contracting based on the force exerted by the runner’s foot. We thus wanted to explore other patterns that offer similar qualities and investigate the tolerance of expansion in response to a pneumatic inflation. We hypothesize possible uses in architecture in the form of dynamic facade or a shell structure.
B R E AT H I N G A U X E T I C S Studio Instructor: Jason Lim
*This project was done together with 2 other groupmates.
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Set Up V1.1 was used as a quick preliminary testing for template pattern sheets that were cadded out. We eliminated the patterns that did not offer expansion qualities or they did not show significant expand. The only pattern remaining was the triangular grid pattern.
The initial experiment was to test out different patterns to see how they expansion and identify the key features that allows for such expansion.
Using this pattern, we concluded that the connections between each pattern tile should be kept to a minimum (a point rather than a line), and there should be at least one acute angle within the pattern that could be expanded.
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Having selected the Mercedes pattern as the pattern to focus on, we sought to understand how certain operations (subtraction and scaling) would affect the expansion of the pattern sheet. The objective of this experiment was also to address the physical and digital connection, acting as a stress test to the digital model to fine tune its accuracy.
We inflated the balloon for each pattern sheet several times with increased pressure to test expansion tolerance of the pattern sheet. From this, we could understand how the pattern was expanding and the features that contributed to it. For the final test, we inflated the balloon at half pressure until the balloon caused the pattern sheet to tear from expansion. The time taken for the each pattern sheet to tear is recorded below. Pattern Sheet Time taken to tear (s)
Improvements were made again to the physical set up to eliminate the minor variations of the balloon expansion by replacing the balloon with a latex sheet. Arduino was also used to more accurately control the air flow from the compressor as we could dictate the duration of inflation and deflation.
Hourglass Wineglass Mercedes Triangle with constraint 5.82 3.66 5.21 4.93
Changes to Physical set up:
Each pattern sheet was tested only once due to time constraint in printing the sheets. We decided to go with the Mercedes pattern despite it being able to expand less than the Hourglass pattern as the openings created when expanding is larger. We hypothesize that it will allow for greater dynamism in the later iterations and testings.
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1. Anchored / Isolated expansion film to prevent lifting of entire setup 2. Improved expansion film for more even distribution of pressure on pattern sheet 3. Improved anchoring of pattern sheet to prevent lifting on the sides 4. Introduced a more automated way of controlling expansion and compression
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GRASSHOPPER To visualise the inflation of this auxetic pattern, we simulated this in grasshopper using Kangaroo. The digital set up aims to model the experiment such that results obtained digitally are as accurate to the results obtained from the physical set up. We then used K2 Engineering components within grasshopper to visualise the stresses and tensions in each part of the auxetic sheet. When implementing the simulation model, we wanted to maintain the planar behaviour of each of the “triangles” and constrain the length of each of sides of the slits. We chose however to ignore the behaviour of the latex sheet. As the normal inflation of the latex sheet would result in a hemispherical shape thus the pressure experienced at the center of the 3D printed shape would be much greater than those at the edges and thus in reality the pattern would expand at a much faster rate in the center then at the edges this however was not replicated in the simulation as the pressure goal in K2Engineering does not allow us to vary the pressure at specific regions of the mesh. We attempted a work around which was to reduce the strength of the length goal in a radial direction i.e. inverse relation between the strength of the line goal and distance from the center of the sheet. However, this did not improve the results and instead resulted in an even more inaccurate result. For the final simulation we used the pressure, length, smooth and the anchor goals to achieve the result. The rate of expansion when adjusted to match the airflow from the compressor was very similar however as mentioned earlier, we were unable to match the difference in rate of expansion at difference regions of the sheet.
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GRASSHOPPER This is the part of the code that uses the Kangaroo2 Plugin, and the constraints / parameters are shown above. First the mesh vertices are extracted and converted into springs. Next, the anchor points are set which would be all the points on the outer ring of the pattern. Finally, a pressure value is applied onto every point of the mesh to simulate inflation. This corresponds to the latex sheet below the 3d printed sheet , which inflates and pushes up the 3d printed sheet. When implementing the simulation model, we wanted to maintain the planar behaviour of each of the “triangles” and constrain the length of each of sides of the slits. We chose however to ignore the behaviour of the latex sheet. As the normal inflation of the latex sheet would result in a hemispherical shape thus the pressure experienced at the center of the 3D printed shape would be much greater than those at the edges and thus in reality the pattern would expand at a much faster rate in the center then at the edges this however was not replicated in the simulation as the pressure goal in K2Engineering does not allow us to vary the pressure at specific regions of the mesh. These parameters then culminate into the final solver which computes everything and gives the output of a final mesh.
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GRASSHOPPER This is the part of the code that uses the K2Engineering Plugin, and is used to calculate the stresses on the 3d printed sheet itself in the form of a gradient map. This was done in order to figure out the amount of stress each pattern as put under, as well as the difference in stress at each region of the sheet to see if it corresponded to the amount of expansion at each region.
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The different programmes within the office building calls for different privacy levels when in the space. Standard offices often have flat glass panels for outward views, while blinds are installed in the event of needed privacy. The objective of this project is to explore the fluting, a common glass manipulation technique, to achieve the same variation in visual porosity.
GULLIVER’S TUNNEL Studio Instructor: Jason Lim
*This project was done together with 2 other groupmates.
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The office we designed for is the Rohde & Schwarz Asia Pte Ltd building located near SUTD. We came up with a list of possible programmatic spaces within the building and drew up a template programmatic distribution as the basis for our design.
We decided to explore hte properties of fluted glass. With its pleasing ribbed texture and ability to obscure objects, fluted glass is useful in interiors for both aesthetic and practical purposes. The team sought to investigate this common glass treatment and how it can possibly alter the privacy levels of the office building. While a standard flat glass panel allows full visual porosity through it, flutes distort the view of the person looking through the glass by reducing the surface area of flat glass.
We then mapped the level of privacy that each programme required to determine the number of different panels needed, and the position of these panels.
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GRASSHOPPER To facilitate the iterative process we might face later on with creating different thicknesses of flutes as well as varying gradients between the high and low privacy ares of each individual piece of glass, this grasshopper script was used. The paranmetric part of the script consists of 4 sections: - Starting Curves: locations and spacing of the flutes along the glass - Taper Locations: parts along each flute where the tape begins and ends - Taper Settings A: the start and end diameter of the taper, and the curve of which the taper travels across the glass (horizontally)
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PHYSICAL PROTOTYPE We had the opportunity to, with the help of synergraphics glass studio, create our very own physical prototype using a process known as slumping. We used a negative mold that was CNC’ed out of 1 inch thick plasterboard, laid a flat glass on top of it, and left it in the kiln. the glass would then nelt, and slump down into the grooves and crevices of the mold. The image on the left is the plasterboard mold, and the image on the right is the glass prototype in action.
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T E R R A C O T TA H O U S E Studio Instructor: Jason Lim As the users of this traditional Ho Chi Minh tube house would have been a 3 generational family, we wanted to encompass that fact by separating the house into 3 parts, both on the inside as well as the facade. The facade is made up of 3 sections, where the terracotta tiles are 3 different patterns, each one letting in a different amount of light. We also used some computation and grasshopper code to make it so that the tiles arent exactly 3 separate blocks, but instead blend together as they transition, therefore bringing out the idea of growth and age. The facade was generated using GH Python.
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GRASSHOPPER DEFINITION This is the grasshopper definition usd to generate the facade. It uses 3 pre existing tiles as the base, and scatters them into their corresponding sections. The tiles represent longevity, and the difference in pattern creates different lighting conditions. Since the bottom part of the facade would have been open up to the street below, we decided to allocate the tile that allowed the least light in in order to increase privacy, The medium opacity tile would then be used for the middle portion, and the top would see the most porous tile, in order to let in as much light as possible so the bottom floors would still receive light. The grasshopper definition then took some of the tiles, and replaced them around. This was to aid in our concept of multi generational interactions, and celebrating the relationship between the different ages.
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CONCEPT DIAGRAM Given the tube house typology, and the fact that it would border and essentially overlook the street in front of it, we decided to angle the side facing the street inward in order to create a sense of distance from the street without cutting out too much volume. It also helps to create self shading from the sun. The top floor was then recessed in to create a roof balcony.
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H A LV E S
The application of different formulae on different segments, and ultimately the two halves, of the block allows for different patterns to be created on the same surface. Through changes in the various parameters, the distinct patterns can be blended together to look seamless yet individualistic.
Studio Instructor: ST YLIANOS DRITSAS
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GRASSHOPPER DEFINITION Python and Grasshopper methods were employed here to parametrically deduce a mathematical form, after which a CNC mill would remove material from a compressed foam block to create a wavy terrainous surface. Given the constraints of the CNC milling toolhead, the pattern could not have too complicated or fine details. As a result, the original pattern was cropped at an appropriate location. The resulting waves are much smoother as a result.
Python and Grasshopper methods were employed here to parametrically deduce a mathematical form, after which a CNC mill would remove material from a compressed foam block to create a wavy terrainous surface.
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FA B R I C AT I O N
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D B S C H E N K E R U P C YC L I N G Internship @ AIRLAB SUTD
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ABB Robot 3d Printer I oversaw the printing of the 1.5m tall chandelier modules, made out of recycled PET bottles (in pellet form), using an ABB 6 axis robot. Edited the model for printing, generated the toolpath, loaded the file and directly operated the robot to produce the piece.
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ARTEFACT
Kinetic Artefact Used an array of different fabrication methods, like waterjet cutting, 3d printing, laser cutting and other hand tools
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3D Printing Left: CR30 Infinite Z Axis Belt printer Right: SLA Resin Printer
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FIN [portfolio] 2020 - 2021
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