Mandalay ICON Magazine

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okcrdefvIdif 1 may 2012

okcrdefvIdif 1 may 2012

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(uREkfyfwdkY t,f'DwmrS ,ckv Story Teller twGuf azmfjyp&m yHk r&SdygaMumif; /)

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b,fvkdaMumifrSef;rod/ oli,fcsif;awGxJrSm uRefawmfhudk ol awmfawmfcifygw,f/ wpfcgawmh olYtcef;xJrSm uRefawmfhudk tdrfrjyefbJ tdyzf aYkd jymygw,f/ uReaf wmfu rtdy&f b J jJ iif;awmh olu bmrSaMumufp&m rvdkygbl;uGvdkY olY&JU xHk;pHtwdkif;yJ ajymygw,f/ tJ'Dnu tif;,m;aqmif a&SUrSm uRefawmfwkdY oDcsif;oGm;qdk Muygw,f/ wuúokdvftaqmifuae ausmif;om;wpfa,muf&JU tawGUtBuHKudk xl;xl;jcm;jcm;yJ olYaMumihf uReaf wmf&&Scd yhJ gw,f/ wuúov dk b f ek ;f Edik af &;cJo h vdk vljzpfusKd ;eyf&wJb h 0ukd BuHKcJh&ygw,f/ reufzuf ausmif;rwufcifrSmvnf; olYtcef;udk uRefawmf 0ifEdI;rS oltdyf&mxygw,f/ wpfcgwav taqmifxrif;ukd ol rpm;bJ uReaf wmfu h kd oGm;pm;cdik ;f ygao;w,f/ uReaf wmfrh mS taqmifae ausmif;om; wpfa,muf&JU tawGUtBuHKawG oleJYaygif;vkdY awmfawmfyJ&cJhygw,f/

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1972 ckrmS ]rsuEf mS pdr;f } trnfeJY wpfu, kd af wmfyef;csjD yyGJ vkycf Jh ygw,f/ 1973 ckrSm ]jrm;bk&if} wpfudk,fawmfyef;csDjyyGJ vkyfcJhygw,f/ tJ'D yGJrSm Not for sale vdkY pmuyfxm;wJh olYZeD;cifav;jrihf&JU yHkwl[m cif0rf;&JU taumif;qHk; fine art wpfckygyJ/ ol*syefudk oGm;vkdufygao;w,f/ odyf rMumyJ jyefa&mufvmygw,f/ tJ'DaemufrSmawmh oloDcsif;qkdygw,f/ pmawG awmfawmfzwfxm;vdYk ud, k w f idk yf JocD si;f awG a&;Edik cf yJh gw,f/ awmf awmfvnf; atmifjrifcyhJ gw,f/ vli,fawG BuKd uMf uygw,f/ atmifjrifcw hJ hJ olYoDcsif;awG trsm;BuD; usefcJhygw,f/ olY&JU ]q,fvfrGefig;wkdYtjyef} udk jrefrmjynfu Rock tqdkawmfBuD; aZmf0if;xG#fukd,fwkdif EIwfuzGihf[NyD; csD;usL;cJhwm &efukef FM xJrSm Mum;cJh ygw,f/

urÇmph mayudv k nf; cif0rf;ESpHY yfcyhJ gw,f/ jrefrmjynfrmS b,forl S rodMuao;cif urÇmph may avmurSm Existentialism 0g'eJY ausmMf um;aewJh jyifopfpma&;q&m url;&JU Exile and Kingdom 0w¬Kwdkaygif;csKyfpmtkyf xJygcJhwJh The Guest udk 1971 ckESpfu rdk;a0r*¾Zif;rSm cif0rf; bmomjyef qdkcJhygw,f/ olU&JU rifjcpfvuf&meJY o½kyfazmfyHkukdvnf; a&;qGJcJhygw,f/ url;&JU 0w¬Kukd jrefrmpmayavmurSm OD;qHk; bmomjyefjzpfygw,f/ yef;csD ynmbufrSm rsdK;pHkwwfuRrf;cJholjzpfygw,f/ opfxGif;yef;csDukd olqGJjyEkdif cJhwmukdvnf; azmfjyvdkufygw,f/ yef;csDpG,fpHkawmfcJhwJholi,fcsif; cif0rf; olY&JUoDcsif;awG b,favmufyJ vlBudKufrsm;rsm; uRefawmfuawmh olYukd tqdkawmfwpfa,mufvkdY rowfrSwfcsifyg/ olYudk xl;uJ &Sm;yg;wJh jrefrm yef;csaD usmw f pfa,muftjzpfeyYJ J owfrw S x f m;csiyf gw,f/ vljzpfusKd ;eyfcw hJ hJ i,fi,f&G,f&G,fwuúodkvfausmif;om;b0rSm nDtpfudkt&if;vdk twlwl vufwGJNyD; cifrifaysmfyg;cJh&wJh oli,fcsif;cif0rf;udk uG,fvGefcJhwm b,f avmufyMJ umMum uReaf wmfwpfouf rarhEikd yf g/wjznf;jznf; ESpf 100 jynhzf Ykd eD;vmwJhtrdwuúokdvfBuD;udk owd&ovdk cif0rf;udkvnf; rarhEdkifyg/ armifnDnGwf

23/

wpf&uf Adv k af tmifausmv f rf; uReaf wmfxikd af eus vufzuf&nf qdik &f &dS mudk cif0rf; a&mufvmygw,f/ tazmfwpfa,mufyg ygvmw,f/ jrif; acgif;pGyfus,f? ykqdk;Murf;eJY (13 vrf;)u w½kwfvdkvdkygyJ/ ESpfa,mufom; umvom;av;awGvdkyJ/ bD,mAl;udk,fpDazmufvsufom;? aomufvsuf om;/ NyHK;pdpdrsufESmawGeJY/ ]csdrfhBuD; 'g udk,fh*syefurdwfaqG udk,fay;xm; wJholYemrnfu udkndrf; ... wJh}/ tJ'D ]udkndrf;} [m Armpum; prf;prf;? prf; prf;eJY ]uAsmq&m Armtu©&mrSm b,ftu©&mudk tBudKufqHk;vJ} wdkY? ]nudk rBudKufzl;vm;} wdkY 0JwJwJ pum;rsm;aeygw,f/ cPMum tJ'D ]udkndrf;} tayghtyg;oGm;zdkY (bD,mrsm; wpfbl;NyD;wpfbl; r[kwfvm;) xoGm;awmh cif0rf;u ][J [J? tJ'g udk,fhorufuG? [J [J udk,fhorufuG} vkYd wwGiw f iG f ajymjyygw,f/ aemuf udn k rd ;f a&mufvmawmh ]n}eJY ]ndr;f } udkyJ ar;rqHk;awmhbl;/ tawmfBudKufaeyHk&w,f/ aemuf? orD;a,mu©r ESpfa,mufom; cyf,dkif,dkif/ vmwkef;utwdkif; r[kwfawmhbJ ]rSef}NyD; NyHK; pdpdeJY xGufoGm;MuyHkudk uRefawmf ausmuMunhfNyD; wpfa,mufwnf; oabmusaecJyh g w,f/ uReaf wmfwYdk oufw&l , G w f al wG&UJ ]avmuwHwmG } ayghav/ [J [J [J [J/ 24/

uRefawmfaemufydkif; pdwfraumif;jzpf&wmuawmh olwkdY*Dw orm;rsm; xdkpOfu ]ta&;udpö} wpfckeJY rMumrMum qHkMuygw,f/ tqdk awmfawG? aw;a&;awG? twD;orm;awG (]rlydkifcGihf}eJY wl&JU ) qHkMuygw,f/ tJ'DqHkMuwJh rSwfwrf;"mwfyHkrsm;udk (aemufusrS) uRefawmf Munfh&wJhtcg cif0rf;[m ab;uwpfa,mufa,muf&UJ ycH;k ay:rmS usKd ;usaeygw,f/ yHw k ikd ;f rSmyg/ tajctae raumif;awmhbl;udk;/ tJovdk tajctae raumif;cJh wmudk uRefawmf enf;enf;rS r&dyfpm;rdcJhygbl;/

27/

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jynfrS oli,fcsif;rsm; okcrdefvdIif? udkaqGwkdY [dkwkef;u jynfNrdKU uav;udk a&;apcsifygw,f/ olwkdYa&;&if tJ'D [dkwkef;u jynfNrdKUuav;udk jyef ]&} ygvdrfhr,f/ ordkif; qkdwmayghav/ 29/

uRefawmfwkdY vGrf;wJhjynfNrdKUuav;udk uRefawmf jyef ]&} rSm ayghav/

25/

30/

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26/

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SAMUEL BECKETT/ ONE EVENING

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]uRefrpdwfxJrSm b,fvdkjzpfrdw,fqdk wm &Sifoabmaygufr,f&,fvdkY uRefrawmh ,Hk w,f/ &SifpOf;pm;Munhf/ uRefrarG;aeYu bmrQxl; xl;jcm;jcm;r&SdyJ NyD;awmhrSm/ b,folurQvnf;? uRefrarG;aeYtwGuf qkawmif;ay;wm? EIwfquf wmrsdK; r&Sd/ vmNyD;pm;aomufwJhvlawG&JU pm;yGJawG rSmvkdufNyD;? tpm;tpmcsay;ae&wmuyJ? uRefr t vkyf}/

uRefawmfuxyfNyD; acgif;ndwfvdkufrd jyefw,f/ NyD;rS? ]pdwfrylygeJY/ uRefawmf oabm ayguf w,f}vkYd? ajymvdkufw,f/

]'Dawmh? uRefrvnf; qE´wpfckjyKvdkuf rdw,f} vkdY oluajymw,f/ __________________________ tbdk;BuD;u olYpma&;pm;yGJay:rSm olYvufawGudk wifxm;&if; aumifruav;udk awGNyD;Munhfae w,f/ bmrQawmh rajymbl;/ pm;yGJay:rSmu zdkifwGJ xlxlBuD;awG tyHkBuD;yJ/ pm&if;pmtkyfawG jzpfr,f/ pma&;ud&d,mawGvnf; &Sdao;w,f/ jyu©'def wpfckvnf; &Sdw,f/ tpdrf;a&mifrD;tkyfaqmif;eJY pm;yGJwifrD;wpfckvnf; &Sdw,f/ tJ'gawG tMum;xJ u olYvufao;ao;uav;ESpfzufudk Munhf&wm? pm;yGJay:rSm tvSwifxm;wmuav;eJYawmif wl aeao;w,f/ tjyifzufqDu rdk;uawmh? jywif; aygufqD ½dkufcwfaewkef;yJ/ wkdusdKarQmfpifu tvif;a&mifudk rdk;pufawGtMum;rSm awGUae& w,f/

tbdk;BuD;&JU ezl;ay:u ta&;taMumif;

] bmukdyJ qE´&Sd? &Sd/ b,fa&GUb,frQyJ tm;xkwf? tm;xkwf/ vlqkdwm olwkdY&JU jzpf&Sdae&jcif;xuf rykdEkdifbl;/ 'gyJ }/

awG[m rodrom euf½dIif;oGm;w,f/ ]'g? rif;&JUqE´ yJvm;} vkdY ar;vdkufw,f/

][kwfuJh}vkdY aumifruav;u ajz w,f/ ]tJ'g? uRefr&JUqE´yg} vkYd xyfajymvdkufw,f/

]rif;vdk touft&G,frsdK;eJY rdef;uav; wpfa,muftwGufawmh? tqef;om;yJ/ usKyfu? wpfjcm;[m wpfckckjzpfr,f&,fvkdY rSef;xm;wm}/

]uRefrqE´u odyfraumif;vS&if? wpf jcm;[mwpfckck qE´jyKvkdufr,fav} vkYd aumifr uav;u olY&JU vnfacsmif;udk &Sif;&if;? jyefajym w,f/ ]uRefrtaeeJYwpfjcm;[m wpfckckajymif;NyD; qE´jyKEdkifygw,f}/

]r[kwfbl;/ r[kwfbl;} vkYd ajym&if; tbdk;BuD;u olYvufESpfzufudk a0SY&rf;vdkufwm rsm;? tvHawG vGihfaeovdkyJ/ ]bmrQ? jyóemr&Sd bl;/ bmqdkbmrQ jyóemr[kwfbl;/ usKyftaeeJY? tHhMordwm oufoufyJ/ rif;rSm? wpfjcm;qE´ jyKp&m r&Sdbl;vm;/ qdkMuygpdkY/ ydkNyD;? vSrvmcsifbl;vm;/ ydk NyD;? awmfrvmcsifbl;vm;/ r[kwf&if? ydkNyD; csrf;om rvmcsifbl;vm;/ rif;? qE´jyKwmu tJ'grsdK;awG r[kwfaywJh olY[meJYolawmh? tawmfygyJ/ omref rdef;uav;wpfa,muftaeeJY qE´jyKoihfwmrsdK; yJ}vkdY? olu&Sif;jyw,f/

aumifruav; tzdkYuawmh jyefajymzkdY pum;vHk;udk tawmfMumatmif &Smae&w,f/ tbdk;BuD;uawmh bmrQ xyfrajymawmhyJ? apmihf aew,f/ olYvufESpfzufudk pm;yGJay: jyefwifxm; vdkufw,f/

]uRefrtaeeJYuvnf;? ydkNyD;vScsif? awmfcsif? csrf;omcsifygw,f/ 'gaywJh? wu,fyJ awG;MunhfvkYd r&Edkifwmu? wu,fvdkY tJ'gawGom jzpfvmcJh&if? uRefrb,fvdkaeyghrvJ? qkdwmyJ/ tJ'D? 'PfawGudk cHEdkifzdkY qdkwmurvG,fbl;/ uRefr u awmh? b0qkdwm bmrsm;vJqdkwmudk? ckxd wu,fhudk em;rvnfEdkifao;bl;/ b,fvdk b,fyHk jzpfaew,fqdkwmu oabmraygufEkdifao;bl;}/

]tJ'D? vdkvm;} vkYd tbdk;BuD;u ajym vdkuf&if; olY vufacsmif;uav;awGudk ,Sufvdkuf w,f/ NyD;awmh? jyefjzKwfvkduf&if; ]tJ'Dvdkudk;} vkdY xyfajymw,f/

]'Dawmh? tJ'g? uRefr&JU qE´ygyJ/ [kwfNyD vm;}/

][kwfwmaygh} vkdY? tbdk;BuD;u ajym w,f? ][kwfygh/ usKyftwGufawmhjzihf jyóemr&Sd

ygbl;}/

tbdk;BuD;&UJ rsufvHk;awGu avxJu wpfae&mudkpdkufMunhfaew,f/ olYezl;ay:u t a&;taMumif;awG ydkNyD; eufvmw,f/ tJ'Dta&;t aMumif;awG[m olYOD;aESmuf&JU ta&;taMumif; awGyJ jzpfr,f/ olYtawG;eJYtwl pl;pdkufvdkufygae MuyHkyJ/ olYukdMunhf&wm? avxJrSm vGifharsmaewJh wpfckck/ tjynhftpHk rjrif&wJh[m wpfckckudk tm½Hk pkdufaeovdkrsdK;yJ/ olYvufESpfzufudk vufarmif; t&if;uae ab;udk um;vdkufw,f/ ukvm;xdkif ay:rSm xdkifae&mu rodrom xvdkufw,f/ NyD; awmh? vuf0g;ESpfzufukd wD;vdkufw,f/ toHu awmh odyfrxGufvSbl;/ aemufawmh? ukvm;xdkif ay:rSm jyefxkdifvdkuf&if;? olYezl;ay:u ta&;t aMumif;awGudk vufeJYtomoyfvdkYaeyHku? ta&; taMumif;awGudk El;nHhaysmhajymif;vmatmif vkyf aeyHkrsdK;? yJ/ aemufawmh? aumifruav;zufudk vSnhfNyD; omomNyHK;w,f/

]NyD;NyDuG,fh}vkYd? tbdk;BuD;u ajymw,f/ ]rif;&JUqE´&SdwJhtwdkif; jzpfap&r,f}? wJh/ ]jzpfawmifoGm;NyDvm;}/

]jzpfoGm;NyD/ bmrQtcuftcJ r&Sdbl;/ rif;qE´&SdwJhtwdkif; jzpfapr,fuG,f? uav;r&JU/ aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUzG,faumif;wJh arG;aeYjzpfygap/ ck? tvkyf&Sd&mudk rif;jyefayawmh/ bmrQylraeeJY/ tpm vSnf;uav;udk tjyifzufqDrSm xkwfxm;ay; r,f}/

aumifruav;vnf; "mwfavSum; uae atmufxyfu aysmfyGJpm;½HkqD qif;vmcJh w,f/ vufxJrSm bmrQygrvmawmh? tawmfhudk uoduatmufEdkifvSatmifayghyg;ovdkrsdK; jzpfae w,f/ *Grf;yHkvdk[mrsdK;? xl;xl;qef;qef; wpfckckay: avQmufae&ovkdyJ/

]cifAsm;? aexdkifaumif;&JUvm;/ cifAsm; Munhf&wm vluwpfjcm;? pdwfuwpfjcm;jzpfaeo vdkyJ}vdkY? pm;yGJxdk;ti,fwpfa,mufu olYudk ajym w,f/

oluawmh [kdvdkvdk'DvdkvdkeJY jyefNyHK;jy vkduf&if; acgif;cgvdkufw,f/ ]wu,fyJvm;/ igu awmh aeaumif;ygw,f}vdkY ajzvdkufw,f/

]qdkifydkif&SifBuD;taMumif; ajymjyprf;yg/ olu b,fvdkwkH;}/

]ig? rodbl;/ olUudk? taotcsmvnf; rMunhfvdkufrdygbl;}vkdY ajymNyD;? aumifruav;u

pum;jzwfvdkufw,f/

wpfem&DMumoGm;awmh? tpmwifwJh vSnf;uav;udk aumifruav;u oGm;,lw,f/ vSnf;uav;u tcef;&JU tjyifzufrSm/ cuf&if;wdkY "m;wdkYu olYae&mrSmol/ tpmyef;uefudk tzHk;zGihf Munhfvdkufawmh? Muufom;wdkY [if;oD;[if;&Guf wdkY? r&Sdawmhbl;/ 0dkifykvif;wkdY? aumfzDtdk;wdkYvnf; ajymifNyD/ tcef;eHygwf 604 &JU wHcg;uawmhjzihf &Sd aeao;w,f/ ydwfxm;w,f/ Nidrfaew,f/ tcef; wHcg;udk aumifruav;u tawmfMumatmif pdkufMunhfaerdw,f/ pdwfxJrSmuawmh wHcg;rsm; wpfcsdefcsdefrSm yGifhvmavrvm;&,fvdkYyJ/ 'gaywJh? yGihfrvmcJhbl;/ aumifruav;vnf; tpmwifwJh vSnf;uav;udk "mwfavSum;uaewpfqihf atmufudk,lvmcJhNyD;? yef;uefcGufa,mufaq;wJh ae&mqD wGef;,loGm;vdkufawmhw,f/ pm;zdkrSL;u awmh? yef;uefudk t"dyÜm,fr&SdyJ Munhfaew,f/ yef;uefuawmh tvsifuvdkyJ ajymifaew,f/ __________________________ ]qdkif&Sifukd aemufxyf uRefr rawGUcJh&awmhbl;} vkdY aumifruav;u ajymw,f/ ]wpfBudrfuav;udk rQ rawGUcJh&awmhbl;/ refae*smaexdkifraumif; jzpf &wmu Adkufemwm ½dk;½dk;yJ/ tvkyfudk aemufaeYjyef vmw,f/ qdkif&SiftwGuf tpm;taomufudk olyJ wm0ef,lNyD; ydkYay;w,f/ ESpfopful;vnf;NyD;a&m? uRefrvnf; tvkyfu xGufvdkufNyD; qdkifqDudk wpfcgrQ jyefra&mufawmhbl;/ bmaMumifhrSef;awmh rodbl;/ jyefroGm;wm[m taumif;qHk;yJvkdY pdwfxJrSmjzpfaew,f/ tjrif&ovkdrsdK;yJ}vkdY? olu qufajymw,f/

zefcGufatmufcH puúLjym; uav;udk vufeJYaqmhupm;ae&if; olYtawG;udk olYbmom awG;aew,f/ ]wpfcgwpfavawmhvnf; uRefr toufESpfq,fjynhfwJharG;aeYu jzpfysufcJhwm awG[m wu,fr[kwfcJhovkdrsdK;? cHpm;&rdwwf w,f/ uRefr? BuHKawGU jzpfysufcJhwmawG[m wu,fyJ jzpfysufBuHKawGUcJhwmawG r[kwfbl; &,fvdkY awG;p&mawmifjzpfvmw,f/ 'gaywJh? tJ'g awG tm;vHk;[m wu,fyJBuHKawGU jzpfysufcJh&wm awG qdkwmudk uRefr taotcsmBuD; odw,f/ tcef;eHygwf 604 xJu y&dabm*awGeJY awmufwdk r,f&awGtm;vHk;udk uRefr taotcsmBuD; rSwfrd

aeao;w,f/ tJ'Dtcef;xJrSm jzpfysufcJhwm rSef orQ[m wu,fjzpfysufcJhwmawGcsnf;yJ/ uRefr twGufawmh wu,fhudk t"dyÜm,f&SdaecJhw,f}vdkY aumifrav;u jyefajymw,f/

uRefawmfwdkYESpfa,mufom; bmrQxyf rajymjzpfyJ? aomufp&m&Sdwm aomuf&if; udk,fht awG;eJYudk,f aevdkufrdMuw,f/

]pdwfawmh r&SdygeJY/ uRefawmfwpfck avmuf ar;prf;yg&ap} vkYd uRefawmfu tpcsDNyD;] aoaocsmcsm ajym&&ifawmh ESpfckayghAsm}vkYd ajym vdkufw,f/

]ar;yg}vkdY oluajymw,f/ ]tJ'Dwkef; u? uRefrrSm bmqE´&SdcJhw,fqdkwm &Sifar;vdrfh r,fvkdY uRefr xifw,f/ &Sif? yxrOD;qHk; odcsifwm tJ'gyJ jzpfr,f}/

]'gaywJh? tJ'DtaMumif;udk cifAsm;ajym csifyHk r&bl;vkdY xifw,f}/ ][kwfvm;}/

uRefawmfu acgif;ndwfjyvkdufrdw,f/

aumifruav;u zefcGufatmufcH puúLjym;uav;udk csvdkufNyD;? rsufarSmifBuHKU vdkuf w,f/ cyfvSrf;vSrf;qDu wpfckckudk pdkufMunhfaeo vdkrsdK;/ ]udk,fu bmqE´jyKw,fqdkwmudk b,folY udkrQ xkwfrajym&bl;qdkwmawmh? &Sifodw,f aemf}/

]'DtaMumif;udk ajym&r,f&,fvkYd uRef awmftaeeJYu twif; rwdkufwGef;csifbl;/ 'gay wJh? uRefawmfodcsifwmu wu,fyJ cifAsm;&JU qE´ jynhf0cJhovm;qdkwmyg/ aemufwpfcsufu? cifAsm; &JU qE´u bmcsnf;yJjzpfjzpf/ tJ'DqE´jyKcJhrdwJh t wGuf aemufydkif;rSm cifAsm; aemifw &p&mrsm; jzpfcJh &ovm;qdkwmyg/ cifAsm;taeeJY wjcm;[m qE´ rjyKrdcJhwJhtwGuf pdwfraumif;rsm; jzpfcJh&ao;o vm;}/

]&Sihfar;cGef;&JU yxrydkif;twGuf tajzu awmh? jynhfvnf;jynfhw,f/ rjynhfvnf; rjynhfbl; vdkY ajym&rSm/ uRefrtaeeJYu i,fao;w,f/ a&SU avQmufae&OD;rSm &Sdaeao;w,f/ 'Dawmh? a&SUrSm bmawGjzpfvmOD;r,fvkdY rajymEdkifbl;/ b,fvdkt qHk; owfr,f&,fvkdY rodao;bl;/}

]'Dawmh? cifAsm;jyKcJhwJhqE´[m qE´jynhf rjynhfqdkwmudk tcsdefay;apmihf&r,fh[mrsdK; xif w,f}/

]tJ'Dvdk ajymEdkifw,f/ tcsdefumvu

trsm;BuD; ta&;BuD;wJhtydkif;u ygaew,f}/

]oabmuawmh? bm[if; csufw,f qdkwmrsdK;yJ? r[kwfvm;}/

aumifruav;u acgif;ndwfjyw,f/

tawmfuav;Mumatmif uRefawmf awG;Munhfaevdkufrdw,f/ 'gaywJh? tawG;xJrSmu awmh {&mrrkefYwpfvHk;udk rD;jznf;jznf;eJY zkwfaewm ukdyJ jrifaerdw,f/

]uRefawmfhar;cGef;&JU 'kwd,ydkif;twGuf tajzua&m ...}/

]bmrsm;vJ/ jyefajymygOD;}/

]cifAsm; qE´jyKcJhwmtwGuf aemifw& p&mrsm; jzpfcJhvm;vdkYyg}/

tawmfuav; Mumatmif NidrfoGm; w,f/ uRefawmhfudkvSrf;MunhfvdkufwJh olU&JUrsufvHk; awGxJrSm av;eufrI r&Sdawmhbl;/ olYyg;pyfaxmihf em;qDu xGufvmwJhtNyHK;[m ajcmufaoGU&dyfvTrf; aew,f/ odyfNyD; rajymcsifvSwJhyHkaygufaew,f/

]tck? uRefr tdrfaxmifusaeNyD} vkdY olu ajymw,f/ ]pm&if;udkifwpfa,mufeJY/ uRefr xuf oHk;ESpfBuD;w,f/ om;wpfa,muf? orD;wpf a,muf/ tdkif;&pfpufwm acG;rsdK;? acG;uav;wpf aumif&Sdw,f/ uRefr um;u atm0f'D/ uRefr&JU rdef;uav;oli,fcsif;awGeJY wpfywfudkESpfBudrf wif;epf½dkufw,f/ tJ'guawmh? tck? uRefr&JU b0 taetxm;? yJ}/

]tawmhfudk [efusaeom;yJvkYd uRef awmfxifw,f}/

]uRefr&JUatm0f'Dum;&JU aemuf bmrfyg Bumper rSm csdKifhaewmESpfck&Sdw,f}/

]a[;/ bmrfyg qdkwmu tacGUcH&zdkY vkyf xm;wmyJ}/

]'Dpum;u bmrfygrSm uyfwJhpmwef; uav;vkyfzdkY tawmfaumif;wmyJ}vkdY? oluajym w,f/ ]bmrfyg qdkwm tacGUcH&zdkYyg}/

tJ'Dvdkajymaewkef; olYyg;pyfukdyJ uRef awmfMunhfaevdkufrdw,f/

]uRefrajymcsifwmu 'Dvdkyg} vdkY olu tpcsDvdkufw,f/ olYtoHu ydkNyD;El;nHhvmw,f/ olYem;&Guf&JUatmufydkif;udk vufeJYtomyGwfvdkuf w,f/ olYem;&Guf&JUatmufzsm;uav;u tawmf vSwm/ ]bmudkyJ qE´&Sd? &Sd/ b,fa&GUb,frQyJ tm; xkwf? tm;xkwf/ vlqdkwm olwkdY&JU jzpf&Sdae&jcif; xuf rydkEdkifbl;/ 'gyJ}/

]'gvnf;? tawmhfudkaumif;wJh bmrfyg rSm uyfp&mpmwef;uav; jzpfEdkifw,f} vkdY? uRefawmfu ajymvkdufw,f/ ]b,fa&GUb,frQyJ tm;xkwf? tm;xkwf/ vlqdkwm olwkdY&JU jzpf&Sdae &jcif;xuf rydkEdkifbl;}/

aumifruav;u tm;&yg;& &,fw,f/ wu,fhudkoabmusoGm;w,f/ tawmfuav; &Tifvmw,f/

aumifruav;u bm;aumifwmay: rSm wHawmifqpfeJY axmufxm;vdkuf&if; uRefawmfh udkMunhfw,f/ NyD;awmhrS ajymw,f/ ]wu,fvkdY? uRefr&JU taetxm;rsdK;rSmqdk&if &SifbmvkyfrSmvJ}/

]uRefawmfh&JU toufESpfq,fjynhfaeY wkef;uudk cifAsm;ajymcsifwmvm;}/ ]tif-[if}/

tawmfMumatmif uRefawmfawG;,l Munhf&w,f/ 'gaywJh? bmqE´rS ay:rvmbl;/

]uRefawmhfuawmh bmrQawG;MunhfvdkY r&bl;}vdkY? 0efcHvdkufw,f/ ]uRefawmfh&JU touf ESpfq,fjynhf arG;aeYqkdwmeJYuvnf;? tawmfu av; vSrf;cJhNyD? udk;}/

]&Sif? bmudkrQpOf;pm;MunhfvdkY r&bl; vm;}/

uRefawmfu acgif;Nidrfhjyvdkufw,f/

]wpfckuav;rQ awG;r&bl;vm;}/

wpfckuav;rQ ...}/

aumifruav;u uRefawmfhrsufaphukd wnfhwnfhBuD; Munhfvdkufjyefw,f/ NyD;awmh ]awG; vdkY r&wmu? &SihftaeeJY qE´jyKxm;vdkufNyD;NyD rkdYyJ} vkdY ajymw,f/ __________________________ [dk; ...? tarSmifwGif;wpfae&mqDu? ta&mifjy,f wJh opf&Gufajcmufta&mifrsdK;? vnfpnf;pnf;eJY tbdk;BuD;wpfa,mufu ]'gaywJh? rif;taeeJY aoaocsmcsm pOf;pm;uG,fh? ewforD;uav;&JU / pOf;pm;qdk? usKyfay;Edkifwmu wpfckwnf;yJ? rkdY}vkYd ajymNyD;? tbdk;BuD;u vufnd§K;wpfacsmif; axmif jyw,f/ ]wpfckwnf;yJ/ pdwfajymif;oGm;vkdY aemif umrS jyifvkdY awmh? r&Edkifbl;}/ /

armifomEdk;

(,cifvrS tquf)

ol

aoNyD;aemufrsm; rMumrD? rdrd bPf vufusefaiG tawmfuav; rsm;aewm tJ*eJpf owdjyKrdw,f/ ol tckrS tpp em;vnfawmhw,f/ vufawGUrusbl; xif&wJholYtaz[m tifrwef yg;yg;eyfeyf vkyfchJwmyJ/ t&ifq,fESpf? olYb0 yxrqHk;tEÅ&m,f &ifqdkif&pOfu olr oleJY ESpfywf vmaecJhpOfu? olrukd qGpfbPfpm&if; tzGifh cdkif;cJh w,f/ ol raocifuav;rSm olYaiGtm;vHk;udk 'D pm&if;xJ vTJajymif;cJhw,f/ usefwm enf;enf; avmufudk ocFsmynm&SifwdkYudk vSLypfcJhw,f/ oYl aowrf;pmxJrSmtukefvHk; tJ*eJpfudk ay;ypfcJh&if tjcm;orD;udk pdwfxdcdfkufatmif vkyfovdkjzpfrSm aygh/ olYaiGtm;vHk;udk olr pm&if;xJydyd&d&dvTJajymif; ay;cJhNyD; ocFsmynm&SifawGtwGuf oauFw oabm aiGowfrSwf ray;cJh&ifvnf; olYaiGawG bmjzpfukefvJ vlwdkif;u odcsifaZm jyif;jyaeMu vdrfhr,f/yxrawmh tarGudk olYnDreJY a0rQr,fvdkY olYbmomolajymrd&JU / tJ*eJpfu &SpfESpf BuD;w,f? rdrdrSm wm0ef&Sdwm a&Smifr&aMumif; olodw,f/

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5/

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aomtcg ... xdkxdkq&mrsm;xHrSvnf; 0ufom;[if;av;? awmifav;vHk; ausmif;? udkynm(tr&yl&)[lonfh pum;vHk;rsm;udkom tcgrvyfMum;od vm&onf/ emrnfausmfpma&;q&m owif;pmq&mBuD; tdk;a0OD;ndKjru vnf; 0gacgifvqef; awmifjyKef;yJG tcgor,udk taMumif;jyKNyD; tr&yl& awmiforeftif;apmif;? awmifav;vHk;ausmif;rSm &uf&Snfvrsm; ausmuf csaexdik o f nfo h umv rEÅav;pmayt0ef;t0dik ;f ESifh awmifav;vH;k ausmif; wdkufMum;vGef;xdk;xdpyfrIawG rsm;jym;aeonfhoabmvnf; jzpfyg\/

udik ;f ... 'Dawmh pm½l;ay½l; uReaf wmft h zkYd awmiforefawmifav; vHk;ausmif;okdY ajccscsifvm\/ q&mawmfudkynm(tr&yl&)udk awGUzl;csif vm\/ 0ufom;[if;av;td;k csuu f kd jrnf;prf;csiv f m\/ pma&;q&mrsm;ESifh r,fp,fyif&yd rf mS 0dik ;f zGu UJ m pmaypum;Mum;emcsiv f m\/ pma&;q&mrsm;ESifh OD;ydew f w H m;wpfavQmuf vrf;avQmufum uAsmoH pmoHwiG f &ifcek cf siv f m \/ okdYaomf xdktmoDorsm;u &ifxJrSmyJ odrf;xm;&onfh ]tHkYykef;}rsm;yJ jzpfygonf/ EIwrf S rxkwaf zmf0/hH b,fEh , S f ... ravmufav; ravmufpm;u ... &m&mpp[k rsuaf rSmifusKH U Muacsrnf/ okaYd omf xdt k moDorsm;um; avsmh yg; oGm;jcif; r&SdavyJ wdk;íwdk;íom jzpfay:vmavNyD/ * * *

wu,fawmh awmiforeftif;ESifh OD;ydew f w H m;qDoYdk ra&mufjzpf zl;qkv d Qiyf if wpfEpS f ESpaf cguaf wmh a&mufjzpfonf/ rEÅav;om;awGqakd wmh vnf; onfav;ig; q,frdkifc&D;udk pufbD;udk,fpDESihf oGm;&jcif;u t&om xl;vnf; jzpfonf/ þokdYjzihf 1975 ESihf 1980 ausmfumv awmiforeft aysmcf &D;awG rwlavawmhwm aocsmonf/ 1980 ausmu f mvrSm r,fp,f yifawGatmuf pm;zdaYk omufzYdk 0dik ;f zGzJU ?Ykd wHwm;ay:avQmufzYkd taysmif u S af vS pD;zdYk qdw k mawGxuf awmifav;vH;k ausmif;qdw k m ...? ukyd nm(tr&yl&)qdk wm ... udkyJ tm½Hka&mufaeonf/ b,fae&mqdkwmonfyifvQifrod .../ a&mufzl;? 0ifzl;? awGUzl;? BuHKzl;csifaomfvnf; tBudrfBudrf rsdKodyfcsKyfwnf; &onfh qE´rsm;yJ jzpfcJhonf/

þokdYjzihf xdkxdkqE´awGu 1985 ckESpf 0ef;usifrSyJ jynfhawmh onf/ 1984 ckESpf rEÅav;OD;usm;BuD;0if; rD;BuD;avmiftNyD; rEÅav;ta&SU ajrmufNrdKUe,f pmayvkyfom;tzGJU tpDtpOftjzpf NrdKUv,f"r®omvmcef;r rSm pmaya[majymyGJ usif;yonf/ q&mjroef;wihf? q&mrcifaqGOD; ...? q&mwifrdk;? q&m0if;cufwkdY jzpfonf/ onfa[majymyGJ tcrf;tem;rSm uReaf wmft h pfrjzpfol a':cif0if;EG,u f rEÅav;½d;k &m,Ofaus;rItpOftvm t& wyifwdkiftujzihf zGifhvSpf&ef wm0ef,lcJhonf/ qdkygawmh ...þpdefem; uyfta&mifjzihf uRefawmfonf tpfraemufu vkdufyg&if; ... pma&;q&m Bu;D rsm;ESifh eD;uyfc&hJ onf/ aemufaeY pma&;q&mBu;D awGukd awmifav;vH;k ausmif;wkdufESihf awmiforeftif;? OD;ydefwHwm;rsm;odkY vdkufydkY&mwGif ]tajr§mif}vdkufcGihf&yg\/ awmifav;vHk;ausmif;wkdufokdY a&mufyg\/ udyk nm(tr&yl&)udk zl;awG&U yg\/ emrnfausm0f ufom;[if;av;csu?f i½kyf oD;aMumf? yJESyf? rSefa&mif[if;csdKrsm;ESihf xrif;vufqHkpm;Mu&yg\/ atmif jcif;&Spfyg;"r®m½HkxJ ESD;acsmzsmBuD;awGay: pma&;q&m? q&mrBuD;rsm;ESihf eD; uyfpGmxdkif&if; pmpum;? uAsmpum;awGMum;em&yg\/ OD;ydefwHwm;

wpfavQmuf ausmufawmfBuD;bk&m;txd ... toGm;tjyefvrf;avQmuf&if; q&m? q&mrrsm;ESifh eD;uyfc&hJ yg\/ uReaf wmf ... awmifav;vH;k ausmif;wdu k f ESifh udyk nm(tr&yl&)wk\ Yd tHrh cef;at;jraom pm&dyaf y&dyu f kd tJ'u D wnf; u pGJvrf;cJhygavawmhonf/ at;jr tzdk;wefygavbd/

* * *

tpfrjzpfol\ pdefem;uyfta&mif rHk&GmokdYa&muf&SdoGm;aomtcg ... uRefawmfbmrS r[kwfawmh .../ yg; rajymifEdkifawmh .../ b,fvdkyif qE´ awGBuD;rm;ygap... awmifav;vHk;t&dyfokdY ruyfrcdk r0ifEdkifcJhawmh .../ wpf udk,fawmfyJ pmav;? ayav;a&; ...? py,fjzLrSm? oZifrSm? aomif;ajymif; axGvmrSm BuKd ;Mum;BuKd ;Mum; yHEk ydS yf g&NdS y;D ud, k t hf vky?f ud, k t hf rd af xmif? ud, k hf rdbESihf a[rmZv&yfrSm rdbt&dyfcdkae&if; pmtkyftiSm;qdkifav;yJ zGihfae jzpfawmh .../ onftcsdefonfumv rEÅav;rSm 0w¬Kwdk rdIwpfusif; ... tif ESihftm;ESihf tNydKif;t½dkif;zl;yGihfvmcJhonf/ xkdq&mtrsm;pkuawmh NrdKUv,f acgif *kEeÅ 0f if;? rD;ab;oihv f x l Bk u;D yGm;a&;yHEk ydS w f u kd \ f orHwvif;ay: pka0; Mu ...? vufqnfuef vlxkpmtkyfwdkuf{nfhcef;rSm pka0;MuESihf ... tm;opf tifopfjzpfaeacsNyD .../ olwkdYpmawGvnf; vpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;awGrSmtNydKif; t½dkif; .../ y&dowfuvnf; apmihfzwf .../ Mobmay; .../ uRefawmfuvnf; tdrfESihftvkyf pufbD;av;wpfpD;ESihf tjyef? toGm;vGef;cwf&if; ... tm;awG usvkdY? tm;awG&vkdY .../

tdrfrSmpmtkyftiSm;qdkifrdkY vpOfr*¾Zif;topfxGufwdkif; 0if;pnf ol? okdufxGef;ouf? ndKxGef;vl? ausmf&ifjrihf? nDykav;? udk½dk;uGefY? &JoQrf;?

MunfaZmf0if;? ausmfpGmxuf ... ponfh rEÅav;uavmifrsm;\ 0w¬KwdkawG tay: auseyftm;&? yg;pyfwjyifjyifjzpfvkdY .../ þtcsdeftcgrSmyJ ... 1985 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv 29 &ufaeYrSm pma&;q&m? owif;pmq&mrBuD; vlxka': trm\ touf 70 jynht f rSww f &arG;aeYyGJukd awmifav;vH;k ausmif;wku d f rSm pwifusif;yjzpfonf/ xkdyGJwGif a':a':(vlxka':trm)\ wlom; aemif r,fBu;D rsm;ESit fh wl a':a':w h o l m;topfawG rsuEf mS yGifh *kPw f ihcf MhJ uonf/ uRefawmfonf xkdyGJvrf;obifudk em;pGihf&if; vpOfxkwfr*¾Zif;awGxJu owif;awGzwf&if; 0rf;om*kPf,laerdonf/ udk,fukd,füuvnf; wpfaeY awmifav;vHk;yGJrsm;okdY a&SUutpfudkq&mawGvdk acgif;armh&ifaumh wuf csifprf;ygbdav .../

þokdYjzihf 1987 ckESpf\ ZGefvukef0ef;usif aeYwpfaeY\ nOD;ydkif; rSm pmtkyfqdkifxdkifaeaom uRefawmhfxHokdY pufbD;av;wpfpD;ESihf vli,f av;wpfa,muf a&mufvmNyD; zdwfpmav; wpfapmifay;vmonf/ vlxk a':trmom; udn k yD ak v;u ay;cdik ;f vkw Yd Jh .../ vli,fav;u 'gyJajymNy;D vSpf ceJjyefxGufoGm;onf/ zdwfpmay:rSm xdkpOfu aqmif;yg;awGa&;onfh uRefawmhfuavmifemrnfa&;xm;onf/ MuufoD;xoGm;\/ zdwfpmav; zGihfMunfhawmh ppfudkif;awmif½dk; tEk½k'¨gacsmifwGif usif;yrnfh q&mawmf a&TYudkif;om; tEÅdrpsmyetrSwfw& tcrf;tem;zdwfMum;pm jzpfaeonf/ xdo k aYdk om yGv J rf;udk uReaf wmft h m; pma&;q&mtjzpf todtrSwjf yK ... pwif zdwfMum;onf[k ½kwfjcnf;cHpm;&vkdY 0rf;omyDwdjzpf&onf/ okdYaomf ... uRefawmf roGm;0Hh .../

aemufawmh ... xkdvli,fav;uyJ uRefawmhfqD rMumrMum ... zdwfpmav;awG vmvmay;onf/ zdwfpmwdkif;vkdvkduawmh uRefawmfoGm; csifvSaom awmifav;vHk;rSm usif;yonfh pmaytcrf;tem;awGcsnf; .../ xdkxdkyGJrsm;vnf; ... udk,fhudk,fudk,f vdyfjymi,fum roGm;0Hh/ roGm;jzpfcJh/ þokdY ra&mufjzpf roGm;jzpfwmawG rsm;vmawmh trSwfrxif q&m nDyk av;ESihf awGUcdkuf ... ]udkqef;ausmfarmif ... uRefawmf zdwfpmav;awGudk ud&k o J Qr;f eJY xnhx f nhaf y;vdu k w f m a&mufw,faemf ...} [k ajymavawmhrS tvdak v; ... ud, k q hf zD w d pf mav;awG vmvmydo Yk [ l m ... pma&;q&m &JoQr;f ygvm; qkdwmodNyD; rsufESmyl tm;emvdkufonfhjzpfjcif;av .../ uRefawmhfrSm q&m &JoQrf;tay: bmrS{nfh0wfrausrd .../ y&doEÅm&pum; rqdkrd.../ xdkif ygOD;? em;ygOD; {nfhrcHrd .../ ydkqdk;onfrSm ol wul;wuefYvmzdwfaom yGJ rSef orQ wpfyGJwavrS rwufrd ... / rsufESmylp&m aumif;ygbdav;/

uReaf wmfu xdpk Ofuwnf;u &JoQr;f 0w¬Kwadk wGukd BuKd uo f nf/ txl;ojzihf xkdpOfumv py,fjzLrSm azmfjyyg&SdcJhonfh ]vlopfawG}qdkonhf 0w¬Kwdkudk BudKufonf/ 1985 ckESpfu jzpfrSmaygh/ q&m&JoQrf;0w¬KwdkawG BuKd ujf zpfonfrmS ol0Y w¬Kwadk wGtm;vH;k vdv k u kd blwm½Hak emufc0H w¬Kwadk wG jzpfaewmaMumihfvnf; ygonf/ uRefawmfu rD;&xm;awG(txl;ojzihf rD; &xm;pufacgif;awG) rD;&xm;vrf;yGdKifhawG? vrf;cGJawG? blwm½HkawGudk i,f i,fuwnf;u pdwf0ifpm;cJhvkdY jzpfonf/ udk&JoQrf;0w¬KwdkawGrSm xdk ... blwm½H?k xkd ... rD;&xm;awGuwpfqihf vlb Y 0Bu;D udk vSpjf yEdik o f nf/ vlb Y 0 \ 'óeawGudk xkwfjyEdkifcJhonf/ rm,mrsm;vSonfh vlYb0p½dkufawGudk ]rD;&xm;blwm½Hk} [lonfh acsmif;Munhfaygufuwpfqihf pmzwfoludk jyvdu k o f nhf 0w¬Kwakd wGjzpfonf/ 'gaMumihf BuKd uo f nf/ 1986 ckEpS f ESpu f ek f rSm rEÅav;pma&;q&m? q&mrawG pkxkwfcJhaom q,fhESpfrsufESmem&Dpif 0w¬Kwpkd x k u J ol(Y q&m&JoQr;f ) 0w¬Kwu dk akd wmh rBuKd ujf zpfchJ .../ bmvdv Yk q J kd awmh pmoifcef;av;xJusOf;oGm;vkdY[k cHpm;&í jzpfonf/

aemufawmh rEÅav;u aemifawmfpma&;q&mrsm;ESifh &if;ES;D oGm; ovdk ... udk&JoQrf;ESihfvnf; vlcsif;&if;ESSD;oGm;onf/ onfawmhrS olESihf uRefawmf toufruGmwm od&onf/ olu uRefawmfhxufydkNyD; Ekaeovdk rkdY remvdkovdkvkd jzpfrdao; .../ 'gayod ... xdkpOfumv uRefawmfu tdrf axmifonfjzpfaeNyD; olu vlysdKvlvGwfayyJ .../ EkcGihf? i,fcGihf &SdonfyJav .../ udkif; xm;ygawmh/ olESihf&if;ESSD;í pum;awGajymjzpfawmh .../ oluvnf; '*kefwm&m ca&ZDayyJ .../ uRefawmfuvnf; '*kefwm&mca&ZD .../ '*kefwm &m\ '*kefwm&m½kyfyHkvTm? pmvHk;aq;puf ...? oZifoif;jyefawmh ...? pmay oabmw&m; ... / 'gawGu uRefawmfhvufpGJpmtkyfawGav .../ olESihf uRefawmf&if;ESD;onfh twdkif;twmESihf ESpfa,mufom; pum;ajymjzpfonfh twdkif;twmujzihf wdkuf½dkuftcsdK;rus / pum;awmh rsm;rsm;rajymjzpf .../ oluvnf; xkdpOfu vkyfief;cGifxJ ra&mufao;onhfumvrSm yifudk,f p½dkufuvnf; oD;jcm;aexdkifvdkpdwf&Sd[efwlwmrkdY pum;enf;wmjzpfrnf/ uRefawmfuawmh e*dkuwnf;u vlrIa&;u acgif;yg; .../ tvdkufuvnf; rod .../ tiHkYtm;enf;pdwfuvnf; &SdwmrkdY pum;enf;wm 0efcHygonf/ rnfoq Ydk adk p ... uReaf wmf0h w¬Kww dk pfy'k Ef iS yfh wfoufí ol oH;k oyfvu kd o f nhf pum;wpfcGef;u uRefawmfhudk em;vnfoabmaygufrSef; odomonfrkdY ol ... uRefawmfhtay:xm;&Sdonfh apwemudk ,HkMunfoGm;onf/

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aEGwpfn ...? rodef;&Sif .../ xkdYaemuf ...... ql;iSuf

( ASC )

qDG'if ½kyf&SifavmurS urÇmausmftEkynm&Sif(3)OD; ay:xGufcJhonf/

yxrOD;qH;k atmfpumoH;k qk&aomrif;orD;Bu;D tif*&pf-bZfrif; (Ingrid Bergman 1915- 1982) tar&duefokdY a&mufcgpu toHwdwfZmwfum;rsm;eJY aemufydkif;toHxGufZmwfum;rsm;tygt0if Zmwfum;aygif; (24)um; ½dkuful; cJhonf/

aemufwpfO;D rSm rif;orD;Bu;D Greta Garbo olronf tar&duef "mwfykH q&mBuD; William Daniels(ASC) ESifh (22)um; ½dkuful;cJhonf/

wwd,ajrmufwpfOD;rSm qDG'if'g½dkufwmBuD; Ingmar Muonf/

Bergman

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1972 wGif Cries and Whispers Zmwfum; "mwfyakH tmfpumqk &onf/ 1982 wGif Fanny and Alexander Zmwfum;taumif;qH;k Ekid if jH cm; ½ky&f iS f Zmwfum; qk (atmfpum)&onf/ ,if;Zmwfum;onf t0wftpm;? "mwfyt kH ygt0if tm;vH;k atmfpum (3)qk&cJhonf/

xkdESpfum;pvHk;udk 'g½dkufwmBuD; Ingmar Bergman ½dkuful;cJh NyD; ½kyf&Sif "mwfyHkq&mrSm urÇmausmfqDG'if½kyf&Sif"mwfyHkq&mBuD; Sven Nykvist jzpfonf/

"CRIES AND WHISPERS"Zmwfum;

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'g½dkufwmBuD;onf Bergman ESihf Nykvist wkdY vufwGJ nDpGmjzihf emrnfBuD; ½kyf&SifZmwfum;aygif; (12)um; Bergman raoqHk;cif aemufqHk;tcsdefxd ½dkuful;cJhMuonf/

1967 wGif ½du k u f ;l cJah om Persona rSm olwt Ydk wGJ\ yxrOD;qH;k ½dkuful;cJhaom Zmwfum;jzpfNyD; Fanny and Alexander Zmwfum;onf xkd 'g½u kd Bf u;D \ aemufq;kH um;/ olb Y 0taMumif;udk ½du k af omum;Bu;D jzpfonf/ olwdkYESpfOD;onf ½dkufuGif;ay:ü nD&if;tpfudkrsm;uJhokdY wpfOD;udkwpfOD; av;pm;pGm vufwGJnDcJhMuonf/

Nykvist b0üvnf; olu Y kd Bergmanum; trsm;qH;k ½du k u f ;l cJo h [ l k qdkprSwfjyKMuonf/ þ"mwfyHkq&mBuD;onf vlBuD;qefum Muifemaom rsuv f ;kH rsm; ydik &f iS jf zpfonf/ olonf qDG'ifvrl sKd ;jzpfí t*Fvyd pf um;ajym&m ü qDG'ifav,lavodrf;aygufaeonf/ olonf tar&duefü (ASC) bGJU& um tar&duefZmwfum;rsm;udkvnf; ½dkuful;cJhol jzpfonf/

tar&duef½kyf&Sifum;rsm;udk ½dkuful;&mü ZmwfnTef;wGif pum; ajym(Dialogue)rsm;omygí olt Y wGuf xl;qef;umaeonf[k ajymzl;onf/ qD'G if½yk &f iS af vmuü Oyrm-'g½u dk w f m Bergman ZmwfneT ;f rsm;wGif tcef; wdik ;f ½du k cf suw f ikd ;f ü tcef;wGi;f \ tvif;tarSmiftajctae? rd;k &Gmaeonf? aeylaeonf? ESif;usaeonf paomtcsufrsm; ZmwfnTef;\ tcef;wdkif;ü ygonf[kqdkonf/ olonf ½kyf&Sif"mwfyHkynmudk pmayuJhokdY vlav;pm; atmif tqifjh rifah tmif ½du k jf yEdik o f l jzpfonf/ olu Y kd ynmwwfaom tawG; tac:&Sifoefaom ynm&Siftjzpf owfrSwfMuonf/ tar&duef ½kyf&Sif avmuu olYudk atmfpumqkay;um av;pm;orIjyKjcif; cH&ojzihfvnf; aus;Zl;wifaMumif; ajymygonf/

Nykvist udk qDG'ifü 1924 ckESpfwGif arG;zGm;cJhNyD; ol\rdbrsm;rSm omoemjyKyk*¾dKvfrsm; jzpfonf/ ½kyf&Sifpwl'D,dkü vufaxmuf"mwfyHkq&m tjzpf tESpf(20)vkyfcJholvnf; jzpfonf/ "mwfyHkynmudk NrdKUawmf Stockholm&Sd NrdKUawmf"mwfyHkynmoifausmif;rS ynmqnf;yl;atmifjrifcJh oljzpfonf/ a&mrNrKd aU wmf&dS urÇmausm½f yk &f iS pf wl', D Bkd u;D Cinecitta üvnf; um;½dkufcJhonf/ rSwfwrf;wifum;rsm;vnf; ½dkuful;cJhonf/ olESihf'g½dkufwmBuD; Bergman wkdY ½dkuful;cJhMuonfhZmwfum; rsm;jzpfMuaom Shame(1968),The Touch(1971), The passion of Anna (1969)wkt Yd euf 1972 wGif ½du k u f ;l cJah om Cries and Whispers Zmwfum; ü rif;orD;ESpOf ;D \ qufqyH u Hk kd teD;uyf½yk rf sm;ESifh ½du k u f ;l cJo h nf/ teDa&mif aemufcHwGif rif;orD;\ tjyma&mifrsufvHk;rsm;udk,SOfum twGif;pdwfay: atmif ½du k jf yEdik cf o hJ nf/ olu ]uReaf wmfvrYl suEf mS udk ½du k w f t hJ cgrmS rsuv f ;kH xJu aemufcHtvif;a&mifudkay:atmif ½kdufygw,f/ 'gubmvJqkdawmh vl rY suv f ;kH [m tJ'v D &l UJ pdwaf epdwx f m;udk jywJjh ywif;ayguv f Ydk ,lqvkyYd gy}J [k oluqdkonf/ wcsdKUum;rsm;wGif 'g½dkufwmESihfaqG;aEG;um vlt&dyf vHk;0rygatmif ½dkufcsufrsm;ESihf Zmwfudko,foGm;cJhonf/ olu ]uRefawmf um;wpfum;ESiw fh pfum; ½du k w f yhJ pkH H rwlygb;l / "mwfyw kH iG o f mru Zmwfvrf; ay:rSm rSDNyD; wpfum;ESihfwpfum; rwlatmif ½dkufygw,f/ 'gu Zmwfudk wkduf½u dk fyYadk y;wJh oabmyg/ ZmwfESihf"mwfy½Hk ku d cf suf uif;uGmvkdY r&ygb;l / 'g½dkufwmESihf"mwfyHkq&mtwGJnDzkdY vkdygw,f/ wpfcgu emrnfBuD; tDwvD 'g½dkufwmBuD;ESpfa,mufjzpfMuwJh Fallini ESihf Bergman wkYd ESpfOD; awGU Mu awmh usKyf&JU b,fZmwfum;xJu ½dkufcsuf[m cifAsm;eJYb,fZmwfum;xJ u ½dkufcsufudk ,loHk;xm;wmygqdkwJh wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; tjrifcsif;zvS,fwJh

pum;rsm;qdMk uygw,f/ Zmwftajctaerwlawmh "mwfyt kH ,ltqvnf; rwlrS aumif;ygw,f/ uRefawmf½dkufvmwm tESpf (30)MumrS ]½dkufcsuf} ½dk;om;zdkY ta&;Bu;D w,fqw kd m oabmayguv f mygw,f/ uReaf wmfu h ifr&mrSm Defusion Filtor wkdY Color Filtor wkdY roHk;ygbl;/ t"duu xdk;wJhtvif; rD;wdkifrSmyJ wpfck ESihfwpfck ruGmatmif? rwlatmifyJ Zmwft& toHk;jyKwm aumif;ygw,f/

aemuf ½ky&f iS ½f u kd w f t Jh cgrmS tvif;a&mif[m tNrJwrf; tay:u vm wm r[kwb f ;l / 'gah Mumihf rD;udt k ay:u rxd;k bJ rsuEf mS MuufrmS wef;Ny;D qufwif aqmufygw,f/ rD;udkvkdwJhae&muyJ xkd;ygw,f/ ta&;tBuD;qHk;[m rD;ukd obm0usus xdk;wwfzkdY vdkygw,f/

½ky&f iS u f m;½du k &f if uReaf wmfu aq;a&mifp½kH u kd w f m rBuKd ub f ;l / tjzL trnf; zvifESihf½dkufwm BudKufw,f/ 'gayrJh cktcgrSm um;wdkif;vdkvdk vlawGu aq;a&mifpHkBudKufvkdY olwkdYtBudKuf vdkuf½dkufae&wmyg/

uReaf wmfemrnfBu;D wmu vlrsuEf mS ud½k u kd w f t hJ cgrmS olpY w d x f m;ay: atmif ½du k w f wfwmygy/J rsuv f ;kH xJu tvif;a&mifjyefukd awGU atmif½u kd Ef ikd &f if 'DvlbmawG;aeovJqkdwm awGU&wmbJ/

uRefawmfhtwGufuawmh uifr&maumif;aumif;? rSefbDvl; aumif; aumif;&S&d if tm;vH;k jynfph ykH gw,f/ ½ky&f iS af umif;aum if; &Edik yf gw,fvYdk Nykvist u ajymcJhygw,f/

ol½dkufcJhwJhum; pm&if;tcsdKU

1978 - Pretty Baby

1979 - Hurricane

1979 - King of the Gypsies

1981 - The Postman Always Rings Twice

1985 - Agnes of God

1988 - The Unbearable Lightness of Being

1989 - New Yorks Stories

1998 - Celebrity

xGef;vdIfif Sven Nykvist

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