LED Lighting Introduction
Light Emitting Diode - LED • The potential for reduced energy use and lower maintenance costs are two key attributes of this rapidly evolving technology which have generated so much interest for its use.
Lumens (Lm) • Lumen is a standard unit of light as it is perceived by the human eye. • One lumen is deemed equal to the light of a light candle from one foot away. • A standard 60W A-19 has the average lumen output of 840Lm. = 1Lm
LED Product Introduction – Common Market Products • The most common type of LED bulb is the A-19. The A-19 is also known as the “Classic” light bulb; it mimics the shape of an incandescent bulb. • There are various types of LEDs available on the market for all types of applications. Some of the basic line of LEDs out on the market are the A-19, BR/R, PAR, Candelabra, Vanity Globe, MR16, T5 and T8, Tape Light, and Wall Packs • Most of the Residential LED lights are also used for hospitality purposes.
LED Retrofit • • • • • • •
A-19 BR/R – Indoor/Outdoor PAR – Indoor/Outdoor MR16 Globe Candelabra Recessed Cans
A-19
• Even though LED A-19 bulbs shape like incandescent bulbs, many of them are directional which are not ideal for lamps with shades. A shadow will cast on the lower half of the lamp shade due to the snow cone design. Omnidirectional A19s have been released by other companies; while it’s unpleasant to look at, it’s also surprisingly heavy. Common Applications of the A-19: • Hallway • Garage • Desk Lamp • Closet • Living Room • Bedroom • Decorative Lighting
A-19 Incandescent VS A-19 LED Incandescent
LED
60W
11.5W
750hrs – 1,000hrs
40,000hrs
Lumens (actual brightness of the bulb)
840Lm
800Lm
Total Cost of Electricity Per Year ($0.11/kWH – 3 hours a day)
$21.86
$1.39
Wattage Life of Bulb (hours)
Directional VS Omni-Directional A19
Directional VS Omnidirectional A19
Directional
Omni-Directional
Bulged Reflector (BR)/Reflector (R) • Bulged Reflector type lamps were introduced to produce a more efficient indoor only replacement for the older Reflector type design. But the LED technology is constantly evolving and advancing that outdoor/waterproof BR lamps are now available as well. Common Applications of the BR/R: • Recessed Ceiling Light • Track Lights
Parabolic Aluminized Reflector (PAR) • PAR lamps are often used for track lighting or recessed lighting that require concentration of light output. • PAR lamps are widely used outdoors in security applications and indoors for track & spot lighting due to their intense light output and Angle Spread. Common Applications of the PAR: • Track Lighting • Recessed Ceiling Cans • Retail Display Lighting • Stage Lighting • Movie Lighting
Multifaceted Reflector (MR16) • The MR16 bulbs were originally designed for use in slide projectors, but are now used in applications such as residential lighting and retail lighting. Common Applications of the MR16: • Track Lighting • Recessed Ceiling Cans • Desk Lamps • Pendant Fixtures • Landscape Lighting • Retail Display • Bicycle Headlights
Globe • A sphere-shaped bulb, commonly used in bathroom light vanities and pendant lights. Common Applications of the Globe: • Bathroom Vanity • Pendant Light
Candelabra/Torpedo (CA)/(B10) • The Candelabra bulbs are mainly for decorative/accent purposes, as they are not nearly as bright as an A-19 bulb. Common Applications of the CA: • Chandelier • Entryway Lighting • Ceiling Fan Lights • Pendant Lights • Sconces
Recessed Downlights • The Recessed Downlights are ideal for residential usage. They fit directly in the aperture where the can used to be for the traditional BR/R bulbs or MR bulbs. • Most of the Recessed Downlights have an adaptor to fit either a standard base (E26) or a GU24 connector. Common Application of the Recessed Downlights: • Indoor Ceiling Light • Architectural Lighting • Hospitality Lighting
Color Temperature and CRI Charts
High CRI VS Low CRI High CRI → (90 and Above) E.g. Incandescent/ LED
← Low CRI (75 and Below) E.g. CFL/Fluorescent Tubes
Heat VS Light Output Ratio • Incandescent Light generates 90% heat while only emitting 10% of light. (Inefficient) • CFL Light generates 80% heat and emits 20% of light from total energy use. (Still inefficient) • LED Light only generates 10% of heat while emitting 90% of light output. (Efficient) -Joseph A. Rey-Barreau, AIA