Alphabetica l Journey through the Solar Syste m By: Lorri M urray
Astronaut Cosmonaut Russian Astronaut
A person trained to be a crewmember, pilot, or in command on a spacecraft.
B ig A group of seven stars in the constellation Ursa Major (the big bear)
Dip per
Looks like a ladle and points to Polaris (North Star)
Constellations
Dw
t e n a l a rf P
Bigger than asteroids and comets but smaller than planets. Too small to be gravitationally dominant.
Earth • • • • •
3rd planet from the sun. Iron core, mantle, crust, and atmosphere Atmosphere: 77% nitrogen, 21% oxygen 71% of the surface is covered by water 1 natural satellite : the Moon
Flare Star A dwarf star that undergoes sudden changes in brightness
Gravitational Attraction Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation: Any two bodies in the universe attract each other with a force that is proportional to their masses
The
Hunter Orion
A hunter in Greek Mythology. The three bright stars that create Orion’s Belt help make this constellation more noticeable
International Space Station
Jupiter • 5th planet from the sun • Largest planet in the solar system • Rotates faster but revolves slower than other planets • 1 day = 10 earth hours • 1 year = 12 earth years • 62 known moons • Strong magnetic field
Kepler’s Law
Light Pollution
Excessive and misdirected artificial light that negatively impacts ecosystems, wastes energy, and washes out starlight.
• • • • •
Mercury
Closest planet to the sun Rotates 3 times in 2 of its years Fastest revolution No known natural satellites Evidence now supports the presence of water and ice on the surface • 800 degrees Fahrenheit during the day and -240 degrees at night • No atmosphere to retain heat • 2nd densest planet
Neptune
• • • • •
13 known moons One revolution = 165 Earth years Windiest Planet Strong magnetic field Six rings
Orbit
The path an object takes around another. • Moon around a planet • Planets around the sun
Phases of the Moon We see different phases of the moon based the portion of the lit moon that is visible to Earth.
Quasar Celestial objects powered by black holes that emit large amounts of energy
The
Red Planet Mars
• 96% Carbon Dioxide atmosphere • 62.5% less gravity than Earth • Slow changing axis tilt • Cold temperatures • Contains largest volcano in the solar system
Saturn • Mostly hydrogen and helium • 62 confirmed moons • Observed by Galileo • 7 rings
Telescope
Uranus • Hydrogen, helium, and methane atmosphere • 13 rings • 27 moons • 1 revolution = 84 Earth years • Ice giant
Venus • Hottest planet in the solar system • Carbon Dioxide atmosphere • Thick sulfuric acid clouds that trap in heat • No satellites • Visible to the unaided eye on Earth
Weather – Seasons The change in season is due to the change in direct sunlight as the Earth revolves around the sun.
X–ray Binary Stars
Dense body pulls material from another body
Light
Year
The distance that light travels in one year used to measure astronomical distances.
A band in the sky that is divided into twelve parts: obtaining the name of nearby constellation