CONTENT PARKWOOD SPRINGS Urban Landscape Planning Project
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LEED CITY CENTRE TRANSITIONAL EDGE Experiential Landscape Design
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BACK TO ORIGINAL LIFE STYLE Residential Block Design
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LIBRARY COURTYARD Construction Design
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HAND DRAWINGS
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BASIC ANALYSIS
Location and Wider Connection
Roughly 2 km long, 175m above sea level at its highest point, and 144 ha in size, Parkwood Springs has its origins in a deer park created in 1392, later becoming a setting for mineral extraction, power generation and waste disposal for the city of Sheffield and its environs.
Parkwood Springs has a completely unique character - it has a prominant position in the city, yet in parts it is an alien landscape. Supertram
Bus stops on site edge
Some elements are reminiscent of other Sheffield landscapes, such as the Industrial River Corridor and Parkwood Fields character areas identified below.
Bus Interchange
Hillsborough
Protected from development variously by its deer park status, woodland land cover and steep topography, Parkwood is an example of a surrounded urban fringe: a fringe landscape close to the city centre that became completely surrounded by built development. The site is surrounded by a wide range of potential users. Large amounts of residential areas frame the site.
LANDSCAPE CHARACTER
Context
Others are unique to Parkwood, most significantly the ski village Urban Wasteland and Parkwood Landfill. Although some may see these as ‘undesirable’ in an urban park, it is the combination of all these character areas which make Parkwood Springs what it is today.
Parkwood Springs
Bus Interchange
City Centre
Plateau Scrubland
Parkwood Landfill
Cookson Residential Open Space
2.6 km to Sheaf Station
Scraith Wood Scraith Wood Housing
Ring road
Parkwood Fields Access and Circulation
Land Use
Topograph
Shirecliffe Allotments Plateau Scrubland Parkwood Landfill
Whilst several suburban & industrial areas enclose Parkwood, the efficiency of connections between them is inconsistent.
Industrial River Corridor
Industrial River Corridor
Parkwood Fields Urban Wasteland
Path condition & quality along key routes vary. Poor path quality has the effect of severing important linkages & limiting user accessibility
GOOD ACCESS
Minimal / no access obstruc+ons good
Path condi+on & surface consistent, Minor inconsistency with path condi+on & surfacing, Minor / infrequent obstruc+ons Major inconsistency with path condi+on & surfacing, Moderate / infrequent obstruc+ons
POOR ACCESS
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Frequent obstruc+ons & very poor path condi+on, bad access May restrict access for some users
Urban Wasteland 2
VISION
OBJECTIVES
The landscape character is considered a priority in the transformation of Parkwood. It is not about removing these elements from the landscape, but about capitalising on their distinctive qualities and building upon them.
OBJECTIVE 1: UTILISING Parkwood Spring’s unique landscape character and qualities to support new recreational potential. OBJECTIVE 2: PROVIDING and enhancing recreational space for local communities. OBJECTIVE 3: INTRODUCING new business development to support the regeneration of industrial and employment land within Parkwood Springs and the surrounding area.
INSPIRING LEISURE: ENRICHING RECREATION IN A DYNAMIC LANDSCAPE.
Parkwood Springs and Sheffield as a whole is in a state of postindustrial transformation. The landscape character this generates can be harnessed to drive new recreational activities and further enrich the established culture present at Parkwood.
RIVER DON CORRIDOR
Openings in riverside vegetation for improved visual and physical connection to the river.
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NORTH PARK
More opportunities for improved access and better interaction with the river.
Naturalistic parkland enclosed by meadow planting, ecotones and buffer vegetation.
PARKWOOD LANDFILL
Network of SUDS, naturalistic in form and vegetation character.
Heathland identical in characterto existing heathland elsewhere in Parkwood Springs.
OBJECTIVE 4: ENCOURAGING the formation of partnerships with local community groups, schools and businesses to develop local appriciation and ownership of Parkwood Springs. OBJECTIVE 5: IMPROVING physical and visual links between Parkwood Springs, the city centre and thePeak District.
SOUTH PARK
Grassy scrubland plateaus and viewpoints.
Playing fields and open greenspace in keeping with existing character.
FORMER SKI VILLAGE
Hub facilities to cater for transistion greenspace between Parkwood Springs’ wilder character.
Naturalistic vegetation in keeping with existing character of heathland area in the site, transitioning from new to existing heathland.
Strking landscape - steep landform with naturalistic vegetation opportunities for expansion of mountain bike trails.
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STRATEGIES LAND USE
STRATEGY MASTERPLAN CIRCULATION
BIKE TRAILS
MANAGEMENT & LAND OWNERSHIP
High level Objectives Work with local community partnerships & the local authority to produce a comprehensive landscape framework which prioritises the identification of unique character areas. The designation of these areas should identify valued landscape features, characteristics & be used to inform the suitabilility of new landuse & recreation proposals. Excentuate the distinctive feel of these key areas to allow visitors to move between dynamic spatial transitions - in which different areas offer different recreational potential. Work with private developers to ensure the deliverance of essential infrastructure & work with the local community to encourage a sense of pride, ownership and appreciation of landscape value
PHASING PLAN
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Phase 1: 1-5 years
Phase 2: 3-10 years
Phase 2: 3-10 years
Phase 4: 10-20 years
Regeneration of the site begins at the local scale, with the local authority & community groups working together to create design & management interventions at key strategic site locations & connecting them with reformed path linkages.
Development of the business park & regeneration of the ski village has now connected the lower & upper ends of the South Park. Community groups & local authority now begin to radiate outward from the strategic sites implemented in phase 1.
Closure of the Viridor site enables remiedation to take place. Public access is currently limited to path networks along existing tracks. Fencing allows establishment of ground flora. Connections are now greatly enhanced across the site.
The landfill area has taken on its own distinct landscape character as a well developed, rolling heathland. Regeneration of the River Don Valley has now extended from the lower Don Valley. The business park has now influenced d e v e l o p m e n t w i t h i n i t ’s immediate context.
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THE NORTH PARK & SOUTH PARK GREEN CORRIDOR
IMPROVE CONNECTIONS between northern & southern residential areas by creating a consistent parkland corridor with improved access & a renewed path & cycle network.
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THE FORMER SKI VILLAGE & PARKWOOD BUSINESS PARK
INCREASE ECONOMIC GROWTH and INVESTMENT within a high quality environment.
PROMOTE INCREASED USE by adjacent residential communities & encourage a sense of community ownership.
Ensure that the development proposals are guided by a LANDSCAPELED APPROACH, ensuring that the development has no adverse effects on the landscape character & context.
UTILISE NATURALISTIC PARKLAND LANDSCAPE CHARACTER to encourage appropriate recreational use within an enhanced parkland landscape.
The development must seek to invest in all associated open space & public realm - providing essential infrastructure & providing a scheme which is SOCIALLY BENEFICIAL & INCLUSIVE.
PARKWOOD HEATHLAND
Work with Viridor land owners to propose that landfill remediation introduces a public heathland habitat to the former landfill site. Use the UNIQUE TOPOGRAPHY of the landfill to create a dynamic landscape of rolling heathland, tree clusters & flood attenuation areas.
RIVER DON CORRIDOR
Public access for pedestrians & cyclists should be prioritised along the river corridor. Routes should be integrated into the broader strategy.
Ensure that track networks are effectively utilised to RECONNECT areas seperated by the landfill site & allow public access to the heath.
Extensions to the Don Valley Walk should be implemented to enhance the existing connections between the City Centre & the Peak District. Brownfield land at riverside locations should be remediated as waterside wetland parks.
PRIORITISE PASSIVE RECREATION to propose an area of peace & tranquility for visitors & wildlife.
Woodland management should be undertaken by the local authority in partnership with community groups to maintain cemetery.
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MASTERPLAN AREA
MASTERPLAN DEVELOPMENT - A LANDSCAPE LED APPROACH
Develop land at the former Ski Village site as a business & technology park Visitor Centre
Green Infrastructure
Landscape character
Topography & management
Spatial sequences
Built development
Viewing platform Woodland belt divides heathland from sports slope
South Park recreation ground
SSSI
ELEVATION - SOUTH PARK VISITOR CENTRE
Establish a new visitor centre Integrate natural play spaces
Introduce exercise equipment stations
Utilise effective vegetation management
Provide clear park maps
Enhance quality of playing fields
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DESIGN PROCESS Use experiential landscape mapping and evaluation methods draw the routine life of 6 fictious character and their interactions with the site.
OVERLAYER EXPERIENTIAL MAPPING Identify key transitional edges based on the overlayer experiental mapping.
Collect WISH of the characters as a basis for developing a brief to guide improvements.
Develop a diagrammatic sketch plan that enhance the life quality of 6 characters.
Develop a detailed area of the transitional edge.
Social Imageablility Social Interaction Restorative Benifit Social Restorative
INDUVIDUAL MAPPING
SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT
Kinetic Sensory Threshold Corridor Area
SKETCH MASTERPLAN
IDENTIFY KEY TRANSITIONAL EDGE ② -A shared space corridor ① -A potential gathering -Attract people from city space with a welcoming centre corridor
MAPPING ON SKETCH ②
④
①
③
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③ -A sense of arrival -A welcoming space
④ -A transition corridor along cafe street and bar street 12
SECTIONS
TRANSITIONAL EDGE
AXO VIEW
SECTION A-A’ 1 2 3 2 Replace the solid wall with hedge; Create an entrance to bring residents to the square.
1 Change the structure of the building to encourage communication between people.
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Flat
Terrace and Community Garden
Square
SECTION B-B’
Restaurant
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Open-air Cafe
Square
3 Use subtle change like level and pavement change to have greater diversity of intimacy.
4 Combine planter with seating; Use tree to create centre square space.
5 Add a platform on the office building to create more social restorative opportunity.
6 The different occupation of arch, provide opportunities to experience hide and reveal.
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1.Use three layers of vegetation to form a corridor between public square and out door cafe.
MODEL
2.Indoor space spread out to activate out door space for more social interaction. 3.Leave a small space in front of the graffiti wall for people to stay or rest. 1
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4.Change solid wall on top floor into balcony to encourage communication between people. 5. Add terrace and steps to create shared out door space and connection bewteen each floor. 6. Replace solid wall with soft hedge and change dark yard into vivid commonity garden. 15
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7.Use subtle change like level and pavement change to have greater diversity of intimacy.
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HAND DRAWINGS
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We should work for simple, good undecorated things, but things which harmony with the human beings and organically suited to the little men in the street. – Alver Aalto