Name _____________________________
EARTHQUAKES • 4
Earthquakes
Your Home Emergency Kit water
blankets
T.V.
hair dryer
canned food
photographs
camera
batteries
toys
movies
dishes
change of clothes
battery-operated radio
flashlight
CREATING AN EMERGENCY KIT
INSTRUCTIONS: An emergency could happen at any time. A home emergency kit contains items to keep you safe and healthy during and after an emergency. Check the items that you should have in a home emergency kit, and then make a kit at home with your family. Keep all parts of your kit together and in plastic bags. Answers are at the bottom of the page.
Answers: water, canned food, battery-operated radio, blankets, batteries, change of clothes, flashlight © Learning A–Z All rights reserved.
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Name _____________________________ Earthquakes
EARTHQUAKES • 5
INSTRUCTIONS: There are many types of emergencies, such as those caused by fires, floods, and tornadoes. Knowing what to do in an emergency helps to keep you safe and calm. Use this outline to create a plan with your family.
1. Draw a safe area in your home. List when you would use this safe meeting place. ___________________________ ___________________________ 2. Draw two routes from the place you sleep to a safe area outside your home. List when you would use this safe meeting place. ___________________________ ___________________________ 3. List a place your family will meet if you cannot meet at home. My family will meet at _________________________________________________
4. Name THREE adults that you will “check-in” with at your safe meeting place. ____________________
____________________
____________________
5. List emergency phone numbers and contacts. _____________________________________________________________________
EMERGENCY INFORMATION
_____________________________________________________________________
6. Names of people who are responsible for bringing the home emergency kit. _____________________________________________________________________ © Learning A–Z All rights reserved.
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Name _____________________________ Earthquakes
What Is an Earthquake? Earth’s surface—our ground—is made up of many plates. When two plates slide against one another, an earthquake happens. The place where plates meet and slide is called a fault or fault plane. The location on Earth’s surface where vibrations start in an earthquake is called the epicenter.
EARTHQUAKES • 6
INSTRUCTIONS: Read about earthquakes. Label the drawing by choosing a term from the word bank and writing it in the box to name each part.
Some earthquakes begin with foreshocks. These are small earthquakes that come before the main earthquake. They shake the same locations as the larger earthquake that follows. Scientists can’t tell whether a foreshock is the only earthquake or if another is coming after it. A foreshock is called an earthquake until a larger earthquake follows. The largest, main earthquake is called the mainshock. Mainshocks are always followed by many aftershocks. Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes that that happen after the main earthquake in the same place as the mainshock. Aftershocks can keep happening for months after the main earthquake has stopped.
Word Bank epicenter fault plane plate
SKILL: VOCABULARY
plate
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Name _____________________________ Earthquakes
INSTRUCTIONS: Read about earthquakes. Then follow the directions below.
EARTHQUAKES • 7
What Causes Earthquakes? Inner Structure of the Earth Eurasian Plate
Mountains
North American Plate
Crust
African Plate
EQUATOR
Mantle
Pacific Plate
Outer core Inner core Picture A
Nazca Plate
South American Plate Scotia Plate
Pacific Plate
Indian Plate Australian Plate
Antarctic Plate
Dotted lines show edges of plates
Picture B
The puzzle pieces are called tectonic plates. The plates all have rough edges called faults. The edges along one plate’s faults can catch and stick to another plate’s, but the plates keep moving slowly. When a plate has moved far enough, the edges unstick, and a burst of energy releases. That burst of energy moves out from the fault, like waves of water do when a rock is tossed in a pond. The waves of energy shake the ground and anything on it. We call that shaking an earthquake.
1. In picture A, color the crust green. 2. In picture A, color the mantle brown.
SKILL: READING MAPS AND DIAGRAMS
Our planet, Earth, has four major layers: the inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust. The crust and the topmost part of the mantle are what we call the ground, or Earth’s surface. The surface is made up of many pieces like a puzzle, and the puzzle pieces can move around on the dough-like mantle. The puzzle pieces move slowly, sliding by and bumping into each other.
3. In picture A, color the outer core gray. 4. In picture A, color the inner core red. 5. In picture B, find the plate on which you live and write your initials on it. © Learning A–Z All rights reserved.
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