LANDFORMS

Waves can wear away a notch that cuts into the base of a cliff. Eventually, this may get so deep that a section of the cliff collapses, leaving behind a wave-cut platform like this one at Kilve beach, Somerset.

Elefonisi beach on Crete, Greece

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This pink beach was formed from sand containing the reddish shells of a tiny single-celled organism called foraminifera. Sandy beaches are created by gentle, shallow waves carrying sand into bays.

When molten lava from volcanic eruptions 50-60 million years ago cooled and cracked, these mostly hexagonal basalt columns were created.

Giant’s Causeway, County Antrim, Northern Ireland

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Chuckanut island, Washington State, USA

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When sediment gathers in a bar-shape jutting out into the sea, it’s called a spit. Sometimes, a spit links an island to the mainland, and this is called a tombolo .