Whizz Pop Bang Science Magazine for Kids! Issue 106: Fuel Up! by Whizz Pop Bang

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Make tasty snacks!

ISSN 2399 -2840

THE AWESOME SCIENCE MAGAZINE FOR KIDS!

FUEL UP!

Hardwor hummingbking irds

The science of food Fold paper plant pots

Interview with

Jamie Oliver

M a ke a n edib le candle

WHIZZPOPBANG.COM ISSUE 106

EXPERIMENTS PUZZLES AMAZING FACTS SCIENCE NEWS

WELCOME!

We’re hungry for knowledge about food!

WHIZZ POP BANG is made by:

Munch your way through the scrumptious edition of Whizz marvels of food science in this Pop Ba ne w re cipe – black be rry past ng! Have you ever invented a a or broc coli porridge, maybe? Food fue ls our bodie s and ke eps us fit and he alt hy, and it be loads of fun too – ente r our competition to win an Illu can sion Lab by crafting a picture using foo d. Investigat e why apple slice s tu brown, trick your friends wit h an edible candle, fill your pla rn te wit h fun in a brilliant game an d then chill out wit h home -made smoothie loll ies!

Editor-in-Chief: Jenny Inglis Editor: Tammy Osborne Assistant Editor: Tara Pardo Designers: Rachael Fisher and Simon Oliver Illustrator: Clive Goodyer Staff writer: Joanna Tubbs Contributors: Sarah Bearchell, Anna Claybourne, Joe Inglis and Owen Inglis

EXPERT SCIENCE ADVISERS

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ISSN 2399-2840

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The search for extraterrestrial life

How radio telescopes work

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WHIZZ POP BANG is only available by subscription. If you haven’t subscribed yet, simply go to whizzpopbang.com and sign up for as little as £4.59 per magazine, including UK delivery. Back issues are available to purchase at whizzpopbang.com/shop With the help of Whizz Pop Bang magazine, just imagine what your child might one day discover!

GROWN-UPS

EDUCATORS

Welcome to WHIZZ POP BANG – the magazine bursting with enticing articles, mind-boggling facts and hands-on experiments to get your child hooked on science! Whizz Pop Bang is a gender-neutral magazine with plenty of inspirational male and female scientists and content that appeals to all children.

The magazine is ideal for home educators and it’s linked to the National Curriculum too, for use in schools. Whizz Pop Bang will help with literacy development as well. Transform science teaching in your school with our hands-on science and reading resources. Our downloadable lesson packs link fun science experiments and reading with key curriculum topics for years 2-6. Subscribe at whizzpopbang.com/schools

All experiments have been tried and tested by our team. The activities should be done under close adult supervision and are done at your own risk. Launchpad Publishing Ltd cannot accept liability for damage done.

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© 2024 Launchpad Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. Reproduction of the whole or any part of the contents of WHIZZ POP BANG without written permission is prohibited. Illustrations: © 2024 Clive Goodyer

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Where you see this symbol, use a QR code reader on a phone or tablet to visit a relevant web page.

As well as our writers, we also have a team of science advisers who help to ensure that our content is accurate, up-to-date and relevant. Our advisers include: palaeontologist Steve Brusatte; molecular microbiologist Matt Hutchings; robotics engineer Abbie Hutty; mechanical engineer Aimee Morgans; GP Dr Cathy Scott; astronomer Mark Thompson; physicist Dr Jess Wade; child psychologist Dr Naira Wilson. To find out more, go to whizzpopbang.com/about

I’ve made some paper plant pots to grow my own veg!

Gakk

Riley

CONTENTS

AWESOME NEWS AND AMAZING FACTS

Read about prehistoric giant apes, a beetle that looks like a bird poo and a shipwreck full of treasure! © Rob

FOOD, GLORIOUS FOOD!

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Tuck into a feast of facts, make an edible candle, eat the rainbow and make tasty snacks.

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ANIMAL ANTICS

Find out about the birds with the fastest wings on the planet, hardworking hummingbirds.

SILLY SCIENCE

Does peanut butter glow in the dark? Does coriander taste like soap? Take our food quiz!

EMMI’S ECO CLUB

Fold paper plant pots to grow your own tasty treats.

PULLOUT

Build a balanced meal in a fun fill-your-plate game!

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INTERVIEW WITH A SCIENCE HERO

TV chef Jamie Oliver is on a mission to show everyone that cooking is fun!

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HOW STUFF WORKS

Freezers are cool!! Find out how they work and then make your own smoothie lollies.

TEN AWESOMELY AMAZING…surprising... …things that animals eat, from toxic leaves to vomit and poo!

SENSATIONAL SCIENTISTS © Wil

Nutritionist Elsie Widdowson worked out how to stay healthy during wartime food rationing.

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Y’S WONDER CLUB

Ask our robot, Y, your burning science questions and share all of your adventures in science with the club.

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I’d love to see pictures of your experiments! Send them to Y@whizzpopbang.com and ask an adult to tag us on social media @whizzpopbangmag

32 34

QUIZ POP BANG AND COMPETITION

Test your knowledge with our super-duper science quiz and win a fun science kit!

JOKES AND ANSWERS

Laugh out loud at some awesome jokes and find the answers to all of our quizzes, puzzles and riddles.

SPECTACULAR SCIENCE

See the fabulous fractals found in Romanesco cauliflower.

FIND THE SCIENCE EQUIPMENT Hidden on each double page is a piece of science equipment. Tick each one to find the complete kit!

s Awesome New cts and Amazing Fa

IS THIS A HAIRY BIRD POO?

No! It’s a new species of beetle! While camping in a forest on Australia’s Gold Coast, PhD student James Tweed spotted what he first thought was a blob of mouldy bird poo on a leaf. On closer inspection, it turned out to be an extraordinary beetle. James, who studies entomology (insects), had never seen anything like it. After his trip, experts confirmed that it was a completely new genus (group of species). As for the beetle’s unusual appearance, James thinks it may have evolved to look like the victim of an insect-killing fungus to deter predators from eating it. Chance discoveries like these highlight how many unknown species are still out there.

Best estimates suggest there may be 5.5 million insect species worldwide and only one-fifth of these have been named and described.

‘Treasure trove’ shipwreck The San José was a Spanish galleon that sank off the coast of Columbia in 1708. Its wreck has lain on the seabed for more than 300 years. The ship was on its way home laden with treasures from Spain’s South American colonies when it sank. Since its discovery in 2015, several countries have been arguing over whom the shipwreck and its treasure, said to be worth billions of pounds, belong to. But now the Columbia government has decided to recover the contents of the wreck this year, with the help of an underwater robot. They eventually hope to lift the whole wreck out of the water, but this will not be easy. While shipwrecks like the Mary Rose sank in cold coastal waters, the San José lies in the deep tropical waters of the Caribbean Sea. Warmer temperatures speed up decomposition, so no one is sure whether the ship and its contents will disintegrate when they’re raised. Watch this space for updates!

The San José was sunk during a battle with British ships

NO ALIENS ON EUROPA?

DIET CHANGE KILLED GIANT APE We all know it’s important to eat healthily, but for the largest primate to ever walk the Earth, bad food choices led to its extinction. Gigantopithecus blacki, nicknamed giganto, lived in Southeast Asia two million years ago. It was three metres tall and weighed 200-300 kg (the weight of seven or eight 10-year-olds!). Giganto went extinct before humans arrived in the region, but nobody knew why. Now, by examining fossilised teeth and other clues from the caves where giganto lived, a team of researchers has solved the mystery. They think that climate change made the ape’s favourite fruits scarce. While orangutans, who could climb into the forest canopy, turned to nutritious leaves and flowers to survive, giganto ate bark and twigs containing very few nutrients, and eventually died out.

Until recently, scientists thought that Jupiter’s icy moon Europa might be a promising place to look for extra-terrestrial life, but they’ve had to rethink following new evidence. Europa has a huge ocean under its icy surface. Life on Earth is thought to have evolved at the bottom of our oceans, around hydrothermal vents (openings on the seafloor through which warm, mineral-rich water flows), leading scientists to wonder whether a similar thing could have happened on the seafloor of Europa. But several new computer simulations of Europa’s seafloor suggest that this is unlikely. It’s still possible that pockets of water in the icy shell itself could harbour life, and NASA’s Europa Clipper spacecraft will be heading to Europa this Autumn to investigate further. It’s due to arrive in 2030. How old will you be then?

In Finding Nemo, a clownfish is saved by quick thinking and some helpful friends, but in real life, clownfish are protected by… snot! Clownfish and anemones have a symbiotic relationship. That means that they help each other out – the clownfish keeps the anemone clean and feeds it scraps of food while the anemone’s stinging tentacles protect the clownfish from predators. Clownfish themselves aren’t harmed by the barbed tentacles because they’re covered in a layer of snotty mucus. Researchers in Australia found that when a clownfish spends time with an anemone, the chemical makeup of the slime changes. They think these changes might blunt the tentacles’ sting.

Sea

Sliming Nemo

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Food, Glorious Food By Anna Claybourne

We all need food every day – but have you ever wondered why?

But why do we need to eat at all? There are actually a few reasons…

Because I get hungry!

Grow!

Mix it up!

There are several main types of foods – called food groups – that do different things in your body. You need a good balance of all of them...

Food contains ingredients for making new body cells and parts. You use food to grow bigger as you get older and to make body parts like hair and fingernails.

Repair!

Your body also needs vitamins and minerals to heal wounds and keep you healthy.

Fruit and vegetables

contain lots of vitamins and minerals, as well as some fat, sugar and protein.

FOO GROU

Proteins

Energy!

To do their jobs, the billions of cells our bodies are made from need to burn fuel, which comes from food. This gives them energy to make our muscles move, keep us warm and keep our bodies working properly.

Why did the banana go to the doctor? It wasn’t peeling well!

are important for building cells and growing.

People who follow vegan diets get their protein from beans, lentils, grains, nuts and seeds, instead of meat and fish. Vegetarians also eat eggs and cheese.

And don’t forget water!

Blood and cells contain lots of water – they can’t work without it.

We need plenty of water every day too, either on its own or in other drinks. Drink water whenever you feel thirsty.

We lose water all the time, in breath and sweat, and in wee, which carries waste chemicals out of the body. So we need to drink more water to replace it!

Our bodies are actually 60% water!

MAKE AN EDIBLE CANDLE It looks like a candle, it burns like a candle… but it’s made of food!

A cucumber is 95% water.

Yo u will need A banana An almond sliver A saucer or bowl Matches

Answer on page 34

Your wee should

Carbs (short for carbohydrates)

be a light yellow colour – if it looks darker, it means you’re dehydrated and need to drink more water!

What you do

1. Peel the banana and cut off the ends, leaving a candleshaped section 5-8 cm long. 2. Stick the almond sliver into the top of the ‘candle’ and stand it in the saucer. Ask an adult to help you light it with a match.

contain plenty of energy.

FOOD ROUPS Fats

contain energy and also help your brain to work.

All photos © Shutterstock.com

Find the food group!

Add these foods to the correct part of the diagram. Check your answers on page 34.

Butter Cabbage Chicken Pasta

You need a balance of all the different food groups, and plenty of water, to give your body what it needs.

You should find

It will burn just like a real candle for a while! That’s because the almond contains fat, which acts as a fuel. The base is just for show (bananas contain too much water to burn). Once the almond has burned for a few seconds, blow it out, wait for it to cool and amaze your friends by eating the rest of your edible candle!

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Delicious

We don’t just need food – we really like it too! What’s your favourite?

Cheese toasties are my favourite!

Why shouldn’t you tell an egg a joke? Because it might crack up! Hmmm, cheese...!

Mmmmm! I LOVE strawberries.

So, what makes us love some foods and find them so delicious?

LET’S GO BACK IN TIME… In prehistoric times, there were no farms or supermarkets. Early humans had to look for food in the wild. So we evolved to fill up on food when we could, and to love the taste of high-energy foods, because they weren’t always easy to find.

Yum!

I love nuts!

This honey is AMAZING! We still have those instincts today – even though food is all around us. For most people, foods containing fat, sugar, salt and carbs are the most delicious!

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PROCESSED FOOD

Processed foods like crisps, hot dogs, chicken nuggets, sweets and packaged snacks are made in factories and have extra chemicals added to them. They’re designed to make you want to eat more of them!

Preservatives to make them last longer

Artificial flavour chemicals

Extra salt to make them tastier

THE BROWN APPLE TEST

If you slice up an apple and leave it for a while, the slices go brown. So why aren’t bags of rea dy-sliced apple brown? Try this an d find out!

Yo u will need

fresh, unbruised apple cut into A thin slices Saucers or small bowls A pastry brush or clean paintbrush Lemon juice Other consumable liquids, such as milk, white vinegar, water with sugar or salt mixed in or cooking oil

What you do 1. Put one slice of apple on each plate. 2. Leave one slice as it is, brush another with lemon juice and brush the others with the other liquids (making sure you clean the brush in between each one!). 3. Leave the slices for an hour or two.

You should find

Apple slices turn brown because of a chemical reaction with the oxygen in the air. But some liquids are good at slowing down the reaction. Which worked best at stopping the apple from going brown?

Take it further Food colouring Bright

packaging to look exciting

Food manufacturers use other tricks too. Ice cream doesn’t smell very strong, so some companies add scent to the packaging that’s released when you open it. The delicious smell makes you want to eat lots of it!

What happens if you leave one slice of apple at room temperature, put one in the fridge and another in the freezer? Which one do you think will brown first, and why?

Email me at Y@whizzpopbang.com to let us know what you discover!

Healthy Habits Tuck into these healthy-eating tips!

Simpler is better

It can be hard to avoid processed and ready-made food, especially when you’re busy. But when possible, home-made food with only natural ingredients is healthier. That includes fresh or frozen fruit, vegetables, meat and fish, and some tinned food, like tomatoes, beans and lentils.

Eat everything!

Eat as many different foods as you can to get the widest range of food groups, vitamins and minerals.

Feed your flora!

When you eat, you’re not just feeding yourself, but also your ‘gut flora’ – the trillions of healthy bacteria that live in your intestines and help you to digest food. They love eating plants – so try to eat 30 different plants a week if possible (that includes seeds, spices, beans – any part of a plant)!

See how many different colours of fruit and veg you can eat in a week! Follow the link for a chart to download and fill in.

bit.ly/3xxxcZh

Eat the rainbow!

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Keep it clean!

You DON’T want harmful disease germs in your food, so keep fresh foods like meat, fish and cheese in the fridge and always wash your hands before cooking and eating.

10 whizzpopbang.com

Aim for 80

Don’t panic! It would be really hard to eat super-healthy food ALL the time. Around 80% (or four fifths) of the time is a good target to aim for. It’s OK to have biscuits, cake or pudding sometimes (but remember, homemade is healthier)!

SNACK ATTACK!

These quick recipes are perfect for healthy picnics, lunchboxes or snacks!

Egg bites

Energy balls

Yo u will need

Great when you

need a boost of energy! Whizz 100 g of oats in a food pr ocessor, then put them in a bowl. Melt 50 g of dark chocolate in the microwave. Whi zz 70 g each of dates and pr unes in the food pr oc essor, pour in the melted ch ocolate and whi zz to a smooth paste. Using yo ur hands, mix th e pa ste into the oats in the bow l, then divide th e do ugh into conker-sized ba lls. Pour some su nflower seeds onto a pl ate and roll the balls in the seeds to coat th em, then chill fo r half an hour in the fri dge.

eggs 3 2 tablespoons of milk Pinch of salt Filling ingredients, such as chopped tomatoes or peppers, leftover cooked vegetables, frozen peas or grated cheese A muffin (or cupcake) tin and cooking oil to grease it

W hat yo u do

1. Preheat the oven to 180 °C/350 °F/gas mark 4. 2. Brush the muffin tin with cooking oil. 3. Mix the eggs, milk and salt together in a jug or bowl. 4. Put about a tablespoon of filling ingredients in each muffin space in the tin.

Seeds contain loads of energy to help them germinate underground.

5. Pour a little egg mixture on top, until they’re about three quarters full. 6. Bake for about 20 minutes. 7. Check the egg bites are cooked through, leave to cool then lift out.

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What’s green and goes camping? A boy sprout!

Deeply dippy

Delicious dips for dipping breadsticks, carrot or cucumber sticks.

Co ol cu cumber

Mix a cupful of natural yoghurt with a teaspoon of lemon juice, a handful of grated or finely chopped cucumber and half a teaspoon of ground paprika or dried mint.

Bean bonanz a

e Chocolat s rrie strawbe

hocolate ll bar of c a m s a p it in a Break u ) and put t! s ie h lt a e by (dark is h to melt it an adult k s A l. w ds at a small bo 10 secon r fo it g vin ny. microwa til it’s run ing it, un rr ti s n e erries, time, th e strawb m o s ry d d Wash an in the each one ip d n e th plate . Put on a chocolate to cool. and leave

Using a potato masher or fork, mash 1 tin of butterbeans (ask an adult to open and drain them) with 1 tablespoon of lemon juice and 2 tablespoons of olive oil. You could also add half a teaspoon of crushed garlic, cumin or dried thyme.

AL ANIM S TIC

Hummingbirds

This month, our vet Joe Inglis is searching out some awesome foodie facts about these sugar-powered birds.

Across the Americas, from Alaska in the north to Argentina in the south, more than 350 species of hummingbirds can be found zipping around the continent’s forests and jungles.

Small AND beautiful Hummingbirds are tiny. The smallest – the bee hummingbird – would easily fit in your hand. At just 5 cm long and 2 g in weight, it holds the record for being the smallest bird species in the world. Even the largest species, the giant hummingbird, only reaches around 23 cm in length.

Beat that! Hummingbirds are amazing at hovering in the air, with their wings beating up to about 80 times every second. That's so fast that their wings make a humming sound, which is how they got their name! They fly like this so they can manoeuvre between flowers, looking for food without stopping for a rest.

1,000

The number of times a hummingbird’s heart can beat every minute.

Hummingbirds can fly backwards Answer on page 34

Sugar high Hovering around looking for food takes an enormous amount of energy, even if you do only weigh a few grams. So hummingbirds eat a food that is packed full of calories – nectar. This natural liquid produced by plants is made up mainly of sugar. Birds and insects visit flowers to drink the nectar and then help spread the plant’s pollen, helping the plants reproduce.

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s I’m flower powered!

3,900 km

The distance that one species of hummingbird flies between Alaska and Mexico, one of the longest bird migrations in the world. They fly this route twice a year!

Superpowered fliers Protein for pudding Eating a diet of mostly sugar is good for energy but not so good for other nutrients. As well as nectar, hummingbirds also snack on insects to provide them with protein and keep their muscles healthy.

Energy-saving mode

Which is the hummingbird’s shadow? Write your answer here and check it on page 34.

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When food is scarce, and at night when they are not feeding, hummingbirds save energy by entering a special state called torpor in which their metabolism slows to one fifteenth of its normal rate. Even so, without energy reserves, hummingbirds can die in their sleep from a lack of food.

Even with a sugar-rich diet, hummingbirds need some extra metabolic superpowers to fuel their flight muscles. One of these is their awesome ability to use oxygen to convert sugar into energy for their muscles – they do this more than 10 times better than the best human athletes. They can also digest sugar much more quickly than most other animals. Scientists have compared this ability with a human being able to drink a can of full-sugar coke every minute – not something to try at home!

r o f d o Fo t h g u o th

Tuck into this terrific quiz! W hich ones do you think are food facts and wh ich are nutritional nonsense?! Hawaiian pizzas were invented by Captain James Cook when he arrived at the islands in 1778.

What type of pizza do dogs love? Pup-peroni with mutt-zarella!

A common red food dye is made from crushed-up bugs.

Food tastes saltier when you’re flying in an aeroplane.

To some people, coriander tastes like soap.

6 Ketchup used to be sold as a medicine.

Peanut butter can glow in the dark.

7 Rhubarb grows so fast you can hear it.

Candy floss was invented by a dentist.

Not all nuts are what they seem! Which of these are true nuts, rather than fruits or legumes, and which aren’t? Tick as many as you like and check your answers on page 34.

Ancient civilisations used chocolate instead of money.

Peanut Almond Chestnut

Hazelnut

The first food eaten in space was mashed potato.

Cashew Acorn Pistachio

A NSW E RS

2) TRUE:

1) UNTRUE:

Peanut butter briefly glows in the dark after it has been exposed to intense light. Peanut butter contains chemical compounds called phenols. These absorb ultraviolet light and re-emit it as a green glow.

Hawaiian pizzas were invented in Canada in 1962 by chef Sam Panopoulos. He reportedly called it ‘Hawaiian’ because of the brand of pineapple he was using at the time.

4) TRUE: The red food dye called carmine or E120 is made from crushed cochineal ins ects from South America . It can be found in a variety of foods, including swee ts, drinks and desserts. 7) TRUE:

Rhubarb can grow more than an inch per day and as the buds crack open, they make a sound.

s e ar at th s aldehyde compound tergents. found in soaps and de A DN found that Researchers studying e people have as many as one in fiv le them to detect the genes that enab riander. the soapy taste in co

3) TRUE: Coriander contain also

r ability uces red to taste sweet and salty foods in air the by about 30%. This is because is and the cabin is at a lower pressure te buds tas r you cts affe also very dry. This r nose you in ors ept and also the odour rec te). tas to (which help you

5) UNTRUE: At high altitude, you

8) TRUE:

A machine to spin the sugary treat was invented in 1897 by a dentist! William Morrison called his creation fairy floss.

9) TRUE: The Aztecs and

Mayans of South America never used coins as money but they did use cocao, which makes chocolate. Both civilisations are known to have enjoyed drinking hot chocolate!

6) TRUE: In the 1830s, tomato ketchup was sold as a medicine for ailments including diarrhoea, indigestion and jaundice. Dr John Cook Bennett championed the health benefits of tomatoes and later sold the recipe in the form of ‘tomato pills’. 10) UNTRUE: The first food eaten in space was apple sauce! It was eaten by John Glenn, the first American to orbit the Earth in 1962. whizzpopbang.com 15

b... clu O C E

Emmi’s

PAPER PLANT POTS

Make lots of plant pots then grow some plants you can eat!

Yo u will need

Sheets of newspaper A clean, dry cylindrical jar or milk A clean, dry plastic food tray or a clean, dry juice carton with one side cut off

Compost or soil to grow) Seeds (see ‘More eco ideas’ for suggestions of what

Place a jar on the edge of the paper that is closest to you, with the bottom of the jar pointing towards you. The paper should overhang the top of the jar by about 3 cm. Roll the paper snugly around the jar.

Open edge

Folded edge

ys Fold a sheet of paper lengthwa r you n so that it is a little taller tha ds, thir jar. You can fold it in half, or in paper r you of s size depending on the folded the t tha and your jar. Make sure , and you edge of the paper is close to . the open edge is away from you

16 whizzpopbang.com

Tuck the paper into the opening of the jar. This forms the base of your pot.

Carefully remove the jar. Put the paper pot on a hard surface, standing on its base. Now turn the jar over and push it back into the pot, bottom side down. Use it to flatten the base, then remove it.

Continued on page 21 ➜

FILL YOUR PULL OUT pages 17-20 and get making! PLATE! Tuck into a plate-load of fun with this tasty game! Collect the foods to make a balanced meal – but look out, there are some things you can’t eat.

Yo u will need The game cards Scissors

Cardboard and glue (optional) Two players

whizzpopbang.com 17

What yo u do

3. The youngest player goes first and then you take turns.

1. Cut out the plates and game cards (you could stick them all onto card or cardboard first to make them stronger).

4. When it’s your turn, flip over a wedge card. If it shows a food you can eat, place it on your plate. If not, put it face up in a separate discard pile. That’s the end of your turn.

2. Place the cards picture-side down on a table and mix them up. Each player picks up a paper plate and a ‘You can’t eat’ card, which tells you what foods you can’t collect during the game.

5. On your next go, turn over another card. If it’s from a food group that you still need to collect (and you can eat it), place it on your plate.

You need to collect two green cards, two yellow cards, one red card and one blue card! IT AND VEG ETABLE S FR U Broccoli

FR U

IT AND VEG ETABLE

Carrot

Peas Tomato

FR U

Sweetcorn

IT AND VEG ETABLE

Banana

IT AND VEG ETABLE S

IT AND VEG ETABLE

Strawberry

S S

FR U

IT AND VEG ETABLE

FR U

IT AND VEG ETABLE

Plates

FR U

IT AND VEG ETABLE

Grapes

Apple FR U

IT AND VEG ETABLE

Y CARBOH DR ATES

Pasta

Potatoes CARBO

HYDR ATES

Bread Y CARBOH DR ATES

18 whizzpopbang.com

If it’s a food for a space you’ve already filled, you can choose to swap it and discard the one you don’t want onto the discard pile.

Fish with banana and cheese? Yum!

6. Keep taking it in turns to pick up a card. If the cards run out before either player has filled their plate, spread out the cards from the discard pile and continue playing. 7. The first person to fill their plate is the winner! Do you like the look of your meal?!

: YOU CAN’T EAT ✗ Fish ✗ Steak ✗ Rice

✗ Sausages ✗ Chicken

✗ Sweetcorn ✗ Bananas

: YOU CAN’T EAT ✗ Butter ✗ Yoghurt ✗ Croissants

✗ Cheddar cheese ✗ Dairy ice cream

Y CARBOH DR ATES

Rice

Porridge

✗ Tomatoes ✗ Grapes

Y CARBOH DR ATES

Cupcake

Croissant

Pancakes

Beef steak

Y CARBOH DR ATES

PR OT E I N

Sausages

Hummus

Peanut butter

Kidney beans

Chicken leg

Fish

PR OT E I N

DAIRY AND FATS

Cheddar cheese

Butter

Olive oil

Yoghurt

Dairy ice cream

Vegan cheese

DAIRY AND FATS

B A D LU C K !

Hat

Ball Pencil

Book B A D LU C K !

Toy car B A D LU C K !

Soya ice cream DAIRY AND FATS

EAT: T ’ N CA YOU

YOU

: T EAT ’ N A C

Riddles

Check your answers on page 34.

1. You cut me, you chop me, you dice me and you cry over me. What am I?

We’d love to see a photo of you playing your game! Send it to Y@whizzpopbang.com and ask an adult to tag us on social media @whizzpopbangmag

2. What kind of cheese is made in reverse? 3. When do you go on red and stop on green?

Find a printable version of the pullout here: bit.ly/3I0W39P

Make more pots. Place your pots into the food tray or drink carton and fill them with soil.

I’d love to see your plant pots! Take a photo and ask an adult to tag us on social media @whizzpopbangmag and email it to Y@whizzpopbang.com

ECO

ideas...

If you’re ready to plant seeds in May, you could try: Peas Cucumber Courgettes Salad leaves French and runner beans Sunflowers (these attract pollinators and birds can eat the seeds in autumn!)

There are more ideas of things to plant all year round here:

bit.ly /3UKz cGX

Continued from page 16

Plant seeds, following the instructions on the packe t so you make sure you are planting them at the right time and they are getting enough light and water.

We can all help to save the planet. Lots of small actions can make a BIG difference! When it’s time to transplant your seeds, you can place the whole pot into a larger pot or into the ground. Your plants’ roots will be able to grow through the paper pot and, eventually, it will degrade. Growing your own food isn’t just fun – it also saves you from buying fruit and vegetables that might be packaged in plastic, may have been transported a long way and may have been grown using methods that don’t put the environment first.

whizzpopbang.com 21

➜

Interview with a SCIENCE HERO

In my job I get to... er: Richard Cl

at worthy

cook!

Photograph

Jamie is a trained chef and restaurant owner who has led many campaigns, calling for better food standards and food education in schools.

e Oliver Ente

rprises Ltd.

“

I grew up helping out in the kitchen of my parents’ pub, The Cricketers.

Jamie Oliver, che f, TV author and cam presenter, paigner

“

”

utiful fish dishes I cooked everything from bea ated by what to roast dinners. I was fascin d such a cool me went on in the kitchen. It see ether to make place – everyone working tog laugh doing it. this lovely stuff and having a chicken when I I remember cooking a roast s of praise for it. was about 10 and getting lot tricky and often Because I found schoolwork ething that made got into trouble, finding som good. people proud of me felt really

Now, I love cooking with my own children.

”

We cook whatever gets them excited about helping out in the kitchen! Recently, we’ve been making a batch of bread dough and keeping it in the fridge so it’s ready to turn into whatever takes our fancy. Try Jamie’s We make pizza, garlic bread, chocolate twister chocolate loaf… I let the kids decide! bread here:

“

I love geeking out about the science of cooking... tain flavours …like how things cook, why cer d science to get work and why things rise. I use n. I use a very my Yorkshire puddings bang-o weigh out the beef precise method where I even beauty is it’s dripping for each pudding. The liant results, bril ond guaranteed to give you bey every time.

Try Jamie’s scientifically tested Yorkshire pudding recipe here! bit.ly/3TbFnTx

22 whizzpopbang.com

”

bit.ly/42SyNo3

Interview with a SCIENCE HERO

“

Jamie tries lots of different idea s when he's working on a new book

“

”

These ‘cooking experiments’ are one of the most fun parts of writing a cookbook. Some of my best recipes have come from trying something that didn’t quite work the first time. I have a trusty team that tests every recipe to make sure they turn out super-delicious every single time.

s Ltd: Photographer: Paul Stuar

Creating new recipes is a process of trial and error.

Eating lots of different whole foods ensures that our bodies have what they need to thrive.

”

Fresh food is really important for giving our bodies vitamins, minerals and fibr e. But did you know that frozen and tinned foo d can be just as good, or even better? Fruit and veg that is frozen as soon as it’s picked retains mo re nutrients than fresh food that has been sitting in a warehouse for days. Tinned foods (like tom atoes, chickpeas and fruit in juice) are little powerh ouses of nutrients sitting in your cupboa rd, ready and waiting for you.

s Ltd: Photographer: Paul Stuar

Jamie’s Food Team tests his

“

recipes

Enterprises Ltd. Pho

tographer: Ella Miller

Cooking is a superpower!

”

It can offer you a career choice, allow you to make delicious food for yourself and your loved ones and help you to make choices that are kinder to the planet. Eating well can boost your mood, concentration and health. It’s a beautiful thing that makes for happier, healthier people – and generally, the younger you are when you start cooking, the more engaged you’ll be with what you eat.

Join Billy, Anna, Jimmy and Andy for another adventure packed with magic, epic quests, nature and delicious food in Jamie’s new book, Billy and the Epic Escape! It’s out on 23rd May Find out more about xxxxxx 2024 in hardback, eBook and audio.

HOW STUFF

WORKS 4

The liquid coolant travels through the expansion valve which reduces its pressure. The lower pressure causes the liquid to evaporate into a gas, cooling it down in the process. The pipes inside the freezer become very cold, freezing all of its contents.

The hot, pressurised coolant is pumped into the condenser. These hot pipes are on the outside of the freezer and are exposed to the cooler surrounding air at room temperature. The coolant loses heat to the surroundings and it condenses from a gas into a liquid.

The coolant is sucked into the compressor. This is a pump that puts the coolant under pressure, making it heat up. The compressor switches on and off as needed to keep the freezer at the correct temperature.

24 whizzpopbang.com

Freezers

Buzzing away in the corner of your kitchen, a freezer keeps food and drinks ice cold, but how does it work?

Food goes off because microbes growing on it (and in it) turn it bad. But this bacterial activity slows in the cold. Below the freezing point of water, most microbes pretty much stop growing altogether. A freezer keeps food between –18 ºC and –23 ºC – pretty cool, huh?

The pipes inside the freezer are filled with a coolant. This is a substance that can evaporate (turn from a liquid to a gas) at low temperatures. Whilst the coolant is inside these sections of pipes, it is under low pressure and is a gas.

A freezer takes heat out of a box and dumps it into the surrounding air. The key to doing this is gas, and the fact that changing the amount of space a gas has alters its temperature. Squeezing a gas makes it hotter, while letting it expand makes it cooler.

Rearrange these letters below to reveal the names of things you might find in a freezer:

RACEMICE

————————

SCUBICEE

————————

SAPE

————

SHINGFIFERS ——————————— PICHS

—————

Check your answers on page 34.

SMOOTHIE ICE LOLLIES Put your freezer to good use and stay cool as a cucumber with these lollies. They’re packed full of nutrients and del icious too!

Yo u will need

ripe banana 1 One or more other fruits (e.g. 1 apple, pear or kiwi, 200 g mango or pineapple chunks, a handful of berries) One or more vegetables (e.g. ½ a courgette, a handful of baby leaf spinach, 2 kale leaves, 1 grated carrot, 1 grated beetroot, ½ an avocado, ¼ of a cucumber) Optional extras (e.g. a tsp of grated ginger, a few mint or basil leaves, ½ tbsp nut butter or honey, dried fruit, etc.) 100-200 ml liquid (juice, milk, yoghurt or water) A blender or smoothie maker Lolly moulds (or use clean, empty yoghurt pots and lolly sticks) Y

ou can use fresh, frozen or tinned fruit and veg!

W hy no t tr y

Pineapple, spinach and mint Strawberries, courgette and basil Apple, carrot and mint

W h a t y o u do

1. Peel and chop or grate all the fruit and vegetables as necessary. Put a few slices of fruit to one side, then put the rest in a blender. 2. Add in your extra ingredients, along with half the liquid. 3. Whizz until smooth, adding more liquid if the mixture is too thick to pour. 4. Pour into lolly moulds, adding a stick in each one. Add the fruit slices. 5. Put in the freezer for at least 4 hours. 6. Carefully remove the lollies from the moulds and enjoy!

Try not to get your tongue stuck to your lolly!

g.. in z a m A ly e m o s e w A 0 1

Surprising...

N A T A H T S F O OD the downright disgusting, From the extremely efficient to animal snacks! you won’t believe these strange

Central African egg-eating snakes eat

eggs that are bigger than their heads! They stretch their mouths very wide to swallow the egg into their necks, where they squeeze out the liquid before regurgitating the shell.

Eucalyptus leaves contain toxic chemicals to stop animals from eating them. Clever koalas’ digestive systems and livers break down the toxins, meaning that they can happily munch these poisonous leaves.

3 4

Ommatokoita worms are parasites that permanently attach themselves to Greenland sharks’ eyes and feed on the fluid and eye tissues!

Lots of animals eat soil, including birds, who are thought to get extra nutrients from dirt. Orangutans also eat soil – it might help them to digest their fruit-heavy diet.

Burying beetles bury dead animals underground then lay their eggs nearby. The females then chew up the rotten carcasses to feed to their young.

Dirt for dinner! 26 whizzpopbang.com

T A E S L A M A NI

8 9

You might have heard that pandas only eat bamboo, but about 1% of their diet is small rodents like pikas

and bamboo rats!

Thanks to their powerful jaws and teeth and efficient digestive system, hyenas will eat almost anything, including bones,

hooves, horns and hair!

Baby caecilians (worm-like amphibians) eat their mother’s skin! Female caecilians grow a fatty outer layer of skin after laying eggs. Their young scrape it off with special teeth after hatching.

How ap-poo-tising!

Rabbits eat their own poos! Grass is hard to digest, so they do it twice: first they produce soft, nutrient-rich poos, which they eat. Then after a second digestion, they do hard, dry poos (which they don’t eat).

© 1. Sibons photography / Shutterstock.com, 2. Wild Heartedy / Shutterstock.com, 3. CC BY-SA 4.0 / Hemming1952, 4. Eric Gevaert / Shutterstock.com, 5. © CC BY-SA 2.0 / Luxmmi Varathan & Craig Perl / NHM Beetles and Bugs, 6. Danny Y / Shutterstock.com, 7. Agami Photo Agency / Shutterstock.com, 8. CC BY-SA 2.0 / Marcel Oosterwijk, 9. Wilkinson M, Sherratt E, Starace F, Gower DJ (2013), 10. JIANG HONGYAN / Shutterstock.com

Many birds, including penguins, feed regurgitated food to their young, but skua birds go a step further. They scare other birds until they’re sick, then feast on their vomit!

Elsie n o s w o d d i W

Sensational Scientists

By Tammy Osborne

Meet the pioneering nutrition scientist who devoted her life to improving people´s diets.

N EL SI E W IDDOW SO WA S BORN IN . ENGL AN D IN 1906

Elsie was a curious child e who liked to be busy. Sh ng loved maths puzzles, knitti n and visiting the Hornima Museum in London, where she and her family lived. l, When she finished schoo at Elsie studied chemistry me Imperial College and beca t ge to one of the first women a degree there.

Elsie was interested in the chemistry of food – which nutrients different foods contained and what people needed to eat to stay healthy. While she was studying at King’s College Hospital, she met a junior doctor called Robert McCance who was researching the chemistry of cooking.

EM M

S OD FO OF ION W S O N SI T P O DD O OM n d W I LC a IC A A N C E cC

blished a Together, they pu owing the book of tables sh ion of chemical composit fore and different foods be eir book is after cooking – th ans today! still used by dietici

One day, Elsie noticed that Robert had made a mistake when calculating the amount of sugar in apples. When she told him, Robert asked her to analyse and correct all his data. From then on, Elsie and Robert worked as a team. They realised that lots of the nutritional values for food that were used all over the world were wrong, so they set about correcting them.

When World War II broke out in 1939, Elsie and Robert wanted to use their skills to help. Food became scarce and the government introduced rationing – a fair way of sharing out the food. Each person had a weekly allocation of food that they collected using coupons from their ration book. Elsie and Robert were concerned about how restricting people’s die t might affect their he alth. They experimented on themselves, living on a diet of bread, cabbage and po tatoes, which Elsie grew in her garden. To test their fit ness, they went cycling , hiking and climbing in the La ke District. They discove red that this diet kept them healthy and strong, as long as they added calciu m. The government used th eir research to work out th e safest way to ration food. All photographs @ Shutterstock.com

If your results don’t make physiological sense, think and think again! You may have made a mistake (in which case own up to it) or you may have made a discovery.

ineral that’s Calcium is a m products, found in dairy leafy green soya milk and r ’s important fo vegetables. It and keeping growing bones . But dairy teeth healthy ld hard to get ho products were s e’ war. On Elsi of during the ed vernment start advice, the go of rm m (in the fo adding calciu and lk) to bread – a ch ed er d w o p day! they still do to

After the war, Elsie and Robert designed diets to help starving victims of war to recover. Elsie became head of a laboratory at Cambridge University that studied nutrition in babies and children, and discovered how important a good diet is when you’re young. Elsie worked until she was in her 80s, receiving many honours and medals in recognition of her important discoveries.

whizzpopbang.com 29

Email me at Y@whizzpopbang.com

der Club!

Welcome to Y’s Won to share your This page is for you with our robot, adventures in science p Bang readers! Y, and other Whizz Po ce question Everyone whose scien is page gets answered on th ng wins a Whizz Pop Ba Science Joke Book, ome available in our awes at online science shop

whizzpopbang.com/shop

F oR

Hello Y, I wonder how you get electricity in a rocket that’s already in space?

CURIoUS K I DS

From Bláan, aged 7

Good question! It’s not like we can plug them in! Modern rockets carry solid solar panels to make electricity using sunlight. Once they get to the right place, computerised systems open the covers, and the panels are unfolded and pointed towards the Sun. Scientists are currently working on highpower, lightweight, flexible panels which can be unrolled in space. Current solar panels only work if you stay closer to the Sun than Jupiter’s orbit. Beyond that point, it’s too dark and spacecraft have to use nuclear power – but this could change as technology improves.

We loved seeing all your snow globes from our Keeping Warm edition (Issue 102)!

Hope, aged 7

Felicity, aged and Phoebe, 8, aged did the ice cu 6, be insulation ex periment from the Kee pin Warm editio g n.

Kai, aged 7, put a homemade Arctic fox inside his snow globe!

Stephanie

enamel badges Y’s Wonder Club Badges Collectable for you to earn! Help local wildlife to earn your Wildlife Watcher badge.

Investigate scientific questions to earn your Super Scientist badge.

Help save the planet to earn your Eco Hero badge.

Hi Y, Why can you not see fog that is close to you, only fog that is far away?

I love Whizz Pop Bang! From Lottie, aged 8

It looks like the pocket hand warmers from Emmi’s Eco Club in Issue 102 kept lots of you warm on those cold winter days… Archie, aged 8

Grace, aged 10

Fog is made when moist air cools. As the air loses heat energy, the water particles join to make tiny droplets – less than half the width of a human hair, but big enough to reflect the light and look white. When you look at your hand on a foggy day, there are very few droplets between your hand and your eyes, so you can barely see the fog. But when you look at your friend across the playground, there are lots of water droplets between the two of you. They reflect so much white light that your friend disappears in the fog!

Arthur-John, old aged 9, used as fleece pyjam d an h is h to make warmer.

Lydia, aged made the w 10, a penguins fr ddling om the pullout sec ti the Keepin on of g Warm edition.

Lots of you had fun making the perpetual calendar from the Time Quest edition! Sienna, aged 6

Lily, aged 10

Dear Y, Do you know why the air out of your mouth is cold when you blow with your lips together, but warm when you breathe out with your mouth open? I’ve wondered this for a long time.

Thanks so much, Harris, aged 8

Great observation, Harris! Surely it should feel the same temperature since it came from the same place?! It’s all to do with breath speed. When you breathe out with your mouth open, the gently moving air feels warm and moist. When you blow onto your hand through a small gap in your lips, without realising it, you usually make the air move a lot faster. The fast-moving air keeps pushing away any warm air surrounding your hand – which makes it feel colder. Experiment for yourself by trying different combinations of mouth size and blowing speed. Tell us what you discover! Send your experiments, ideas, photos, reviews and questions to Y@whizzpopbang.com or Y, Whizz Pop Bang, Unit 7, Global Business Park, 14 Wilkinson Road, Cirencester, GL7 1YZ. Don’t forget to include your name, age and address. We can’t return any post, sorry.

Get problem solving to earn your Epic Engineer badge.

Write a report or a review to earn your Science Reporter badge.

To find out how to earn your badges, go to whizzpopbang.com/wonder-club. Schools can get involved too! Find out how here: bit.ly/39xNQ Q qV

whizzpopbang.com 31

um/ Test your m aker dad/local b

How much can you remember from this issue?

at they know! to see wh

Test your knowledge with our super-duper quiz. Just tick the answers you think are correct, mark them using the answers on page 34 and then add up your score. If you need some help, check out the hints at the bottom of the page.

What is the sugar-ri ch liquid that hummingbirds drin k? a) Orange juice

c) Nectar

What are fractals? a) Broken bones b) I ntricate, repeating patterns that get increasingly smaller

Which of the below is true? a) Baby rabbits eat their mother’s skin

b) Pandas only eat eucalyptus c) S kua birds eat other birds’ vomit

Why don’t clownfish get stung by sea anemones? a) They have a hard

What was the first food eaten in space?

exoskeleton

a) Peanut butter

b) T hey’re covered in

b) Apple sauce

snotty mucus

c) T hey’re good at

a) you need to drink more water

ou’ve drunk too c) y much cola

c) Chemicals found in vegetables

If your wee is dark, it means…

b) you’ve drunk too much water

b) Lemonade

What’s the difference between a good pizza joke and a bad pizza joke? The delivery!

dodging the tentacles

Freezer pipes contain a substance called… hillant a) c b) coldant oolant c) c

c) Galaxy chocolate

Answers on page 34.

What is gut flora? a) Bacteria in

your intestines

b) A ny plants you have eaten c) Buttery spread you have eaten

Need a hint? Find the answers by reading these pages… 1) Page 12 2) Page 7 3) Page 35 4) Page 27 5) Page 5 6) Page 15 7) Page 24 8) Page 10

I scored: .......... 1-3: Food for thought! 4-6: Really cooking! 7-8: Star baker!

W ! IN

DO play with your food!

We want you to make a picture out of food! To be in with a chance of winning one of four fun science kits, take a photo of your tasty creation and send it in. Don’t forget to eat your marvellous meal afterwards!

Illusion Lab With this fantastic kit, you can baffle your friends and family with mystifying tricks and eye-popping illusions! Make a zoetrope, create a hologram, test out 3D glasses, find hidden pictures and make a brilliant periscope to look around corners. Send your entry to win@whizzpopbang.com with ‘Food competition’ as the subject of your email. Alternatively, post a picture of it to Food competition, Whizz Pop Bang, Unit 7, Global Business Park, 14 Wilkinson Road, Cirencester, GL7 1YZ. Please don’t forget to include your name, age and address. Deadline: June 8th 2024. UK residents only. Full terms and conditions available at whizzpopbang.com. Sorry we are unable to return any post.

WINNERS

Issue 104 competition winners Thank you to everyone who sent in entries to our Sea Monster competition. We loved all of your fabulous underwater creatures. These five lucky winners each receive an I Saw It First! Ocean game from Laurence King:

Ishaan Pandey, 8

Holly van Bussel, 8

Arthur Wang, 6

Caleb Gozzee, 5

Rose Smith, 8

whizzpopbang.com 33

JOKES Why did the ba

ker wash his ha nds? Because he kne aded a poo!

ctor with o d e h t o t s e o A man g his nose and a p u r e b m u c u c a ar. He says, e t f le is h in t carro hat’s the w , r o t c o d , r o t “Doc ?” matter with me That’s easy. “ : s e li p e r r o t c The do !” eating properly You’re not

ll it What do you ca ts ea when a banana ? another banana ! Canabananalism

How do cats eat tuna fish? With their meowths!

Why did the doughnut visit the dentist? To get a filling! Page 7 – True/Untrue

Page 15 – Nut or not?

TRUE! Lots of fruit and veg are packed with water, especially cucumber, lettuce, melon, strawberries and tomatoes.

A true nut is a dry fruit that consists of a hard shell covering a single seed, and so chestnuts, hazelnuts and acorns are nuts. Almonds, cashews and pistachios are ‘drupes’. A drupe is a type of fruit with an outer fleshy part on the outside, surrounding a shell that contains a seed. The seed part is the part we eat. Peanuts are ‘legumes’, related to beans, lentils and chickpeas.

Page 7 – Food groups puzzle Butter ➙ Fats Cabbage ➙ Fruit and Vegetables Chicken ➙ Protein Pasta ➙ Carbs Page 12 – True/Untrue TRUE! Hummingbirds are the only birds that can fly in all directions – up, down, sideways, forwards and backwards.

Page 20 – Riddles 1) An onion. 2) Edam. 3) When you’re eating a watermelon!

Answers Page 25 – Freezer puzzle These are the unscrambled words: RACEMICE ➙ ICE CREAM SCUBICEE ➙ ICE CUBES SAPE ➙ PEAS SHINGFIFERS ➙ FISH FINGERS PICHS ➙ CHIPS

Page 13 – Hummingbird shadow puzzle

Page 32 – Quiz

The correct shadow is 4.

1) c 2) a 3) b 4) c 5) b 6) b 7) c 8) a

Fractal florets! Do you fancy fractals for dinner? Fractals are intricate, repeating patterns that get increasingly smaller, like the spiralling cones of this Romanesco cauliflower. Romanesco florets are flower-bearing shoots. Scientists discovered that, unlike normal cauliflowers, they grow in this spiral pattern because they keep trying and failing to flower, and instead only manage to grow more stems. Romanesco contains lots of vitamin C, vitamin K and fibre!

R A L U C A T C E SP

e c n e i c s

Fractals are based on the F ibonacci sequence, a series of numbers in which each number is the sum of the two preceding: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21... © s-ts / Shutterstock.com

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