1:5000 Meso Site Plan
1:2500 Macro Site Plan
1:200 Micro Site Plan
siteanalysis
My site is in Saltaire on the where the old bath and washhouses used to be. I have looked at mapping the site and analyzing the conditions of my site.
saltaire
Plan of the Saltaire conservation boundary
sal taire Vil lage is near B radfo rd in West Yo rkshire, England. i t is n ame d after Sir Ti tus Sal t who buil t a textile m il l and this vil lage o n the River Aire. in Decem ber 2001, Sal taire was designated a Wo rld Heri tage Si te by UNESCO.
m y s i t e lo cated o n the si te o f the o ld bath and wash ho uses. th e b ath an d wash h ou se was b u i l t by S ir Ti tus Sal t in 1883 during his develo pm ent o f the m o del vil lage o f Sal taire. c o s t ing £7,0 0 0 t o b u i ld , t h e b a t h h o u se s in clu d e d wash in g an d d ry in g faci l i tie s for cloth e s, as wel l as 24 ho ur baths fo r the residents o f Sal taire to wash them selves. h owe ve r p e op le re se n te d having to pay fo r their washing, and they wanted to preserve their privacy. u n fortu n ate ly, d u e to th e se re ason s, the si te was dem o lished af ter the bath ho uses were proved unsuccessful. “ ...t h e b a t h h o u s e s w e r e n o m ore. to b e h on es t, in my min d it w as s ad, b ecause the sp a ce l eft, no wi th g a ra g es, i n no wa y comp a r es to the ol d bui l d i ng s...”
The quote in bold refers to a talk given by Mr Bert Thornton to the Saltaire history club on 17/05/2005 at the resource centre, Shipley college, Exhibition road, Saltaire.
Plan of the old bath house
bath houses
A representation of how the bathhouses could have looked. Drawn by a professional architect from original plans.
b u i l t 1 8 6 3 b u t d e mol ish e d soon afte r (due to their unsuccess) and co nverted to ho uses, 4 o n Am elia Street and 5 on E d ward s S tre e t, until they were also dem o lished (due to surplus to requirem ents) in 1936. h ou se s h ad n o in te rn al b ath rooms. sir ti tus tho ught hanging washing in streets was untidy. washho uses were buil t to wash clo thes and bathe. 2 4 b ath s 1 2 on each side to bath m en and wo m en seperately wi th two entrances to each. turkish baths also available. currently no pho to graphic evidence o f the bathho uses has em erged. mr. p e rcy p rice d e d icate d th e latte r p art o f his li fe to researching into the washho uses and do cum enting fro m ac co unts and his persvo nal m em o ries o f ho w they were. i tal ian ate i n sty le an d a co lo naded facade is do cum ented, as wel l as the feature o f a tal l chim ney.
The only photograph of the bathhouse before it was converted to houses. A group of girls gathered in front. A photograph of what is believed to be the chimney of the bathhouses.
Plan drawn by Mr Price based on his recolection of the bathhouse after it was converted to houses.
The big bathhouse at the front of the courtyard.
View across the courtyard at the cottage shop.
Mr Percey William Price. Dedicated his later life to documenting the bath and washouses.
View across the courtyard from the passage leading onto Amelia Street.
Bathhouses on Amelia Street with front elevation of the cottage shop.
The bath house site as it is today
Rainfall analysis on my site
Wind Analysis on my site
Typical solar shading on my site Wind Analysis on my site
Landmarks There is a landmark on my site as the area of the old bathhouse.
Flood Analysis My site will never be affected by flooding from the River Aire or Leeds-Liverpool canal as the maximum flood zone is still too far away from my site for this to be an issue.
Mapping Edges My site is admist the rectilinear grid housing area. I would like this to influence the form of my deign.
Districts Located in the residential district.
Flood Analysis Although the River Aire floods, there is no risk of flood from this to my site.
Paths My site is linked by many paths and can be accessed in lots of ways.
Nodes My site is central to two nodes, creating movement around the whole area.
amodelvillage
Saltaire was designed by Sir Titus Salt as a model village. A model village is a self contained community. I am very interested in the idea of a self contained community and this has influenced my proposal on site.
amodelvillage saltaire is a model village example. sir titus salt built the village of saltaire to accomodate the workers of the mill. not only did he built the workers’ houses but he also provided the village with a church, a park, schools, hospital, town hall, a railway line, washhouses and a fire station. salt’s vision was one of tranquility that everybody lived and worked in one place without the need to leave the village. salt seemed to consider everything; houses to accomodate his workers; a hospital in case his workers have an accident in the mill etc. i think that the model village example creates an almost perfect sustainable community allowing people to live work and play in one place without the need for polluting cars and transport.
Watercolour painting of Saltaire main street by Susan Ridyard
briefdevelopment
I am proposing a community cinema on my site as a response to the context and the idea of a self contained community. Saltaire is home to around 4500 people, with many local shops and businesses to work in, however I have found through my studies that Saltaire does not have many leisure and recreational facilities, only Roberts Park and the Galleries of Salts Mill.
responsetobrief communitycinema a commu n i ty cin e ma is a volunteer led no n pro fi t m aking o rganisatio n, sho wing f ilm s in the lo cal area. run by m em bers and audiences fo r m em bers and audiences. lo cal Sal taire festival can also run a lo cal f ilm festival - interlinked. co m m uni tes’ o wn film s o f the lo cal area. also co m m ercial licence to generate inco m e.
live
work
play
s u s t a i n a b l e c o m m u n i t y
Cinema 1 space - Multifunctional facility + storage facilities 70m2 /( .#)( &5 #&#.3 #( ' 5g-* 575'/&.# ‰5 .), ! 5 #&#.# mf'h
#( ' 5h575* ,' ( (.5 #( ' 5-* 51#."5.# , 5- .#(! Cinema 2 - Permanent cinema nf'h with tiered seating 80m2
Projection Rooms ,)$ .#)(5,))'x2 for each cinema space 2h5 ),5 "5 #( ' 5-* (possibility of shared space) B )--# #&#.35) 5-" , 5-* C 10m2 each gf'h Public WC for 100 seat cinema / &# 5 5- ,0# 1 male toilet g5' & 5.)#& . 3 femail toilets i5 ,#( &1 sink per cubicle 2 " , 51 -"5 -#( male urinals j5 ' & 5.)#& .1 disabled access toilet h5 5 )'*&# (.5.)#& .20m2 hf'h Box office and refreshments Tickets and refreshments sold together to boost sales )25)Ĺƒ 5 ( 5, , -" ' (.-5-. ( Plus seating area for bar # % .-5 ( 5, , -" ' (.-5-)& 5" , 5.)5 ))-.5- & 50m2 &/-5- .#(!5 , 5 ),5 , kf'h & ( ,-5,))' Cleaners Store &) . 5)(5- )( 5-.),3 5m2 k'h .), ! 5-* 5 Storage space &) . 5)(5- )( 5Ĺ‚)), 5m2 k'h
Plant room & (.,))' away&) . 5)(5- )( 5Ĺ‚)), from public access k'h 5m2 Ĺƒ 5 , Office and admin area &) . 5)(5- )( 55Ĺ‚)), 10m2 gf'h
A community cinema is a volunteer led non profit making orgnisation. As this is the scheme I am proposing I have briefly looked into the financial strategy of my cinema.
INCOME Tickets £5 each Membership schemes
with anual fees but discounts off tickets
Refreshments Bar Advertising local businesses during film intermissions 30-60 second advert on the screen with approx. 100seats costs £55 per week.
Sound system and equipment
DVD player
http://business.pearlanddean.com/cinemas.html?id=7229
Roll away screen allows easy storage
Grants
Big Lottery Fund/ Local funds by council or mayor/ Rural Arts Scheme Funding/ BFI Funding/ National abd Regional Screen Agency
OUTGOINGS Licenses
Premise license obtained by application to the local council £100 application fee + £70 per year Commercial single title screening license 35% of ticket sales to the screening
Insurance
Cables
Liability Insurance £45pa Volunteer Accident cover for employees £2.50pa Equipment insurance £400pa
DVD Hire
£80-100 per DVD
Advertising
Flyers £99 for 5000 www.printing.com
Leaflets £99 for 5000 Posters £77 for 50 or £159 for 250 Outdoor Signage £54 per sign
Equipment
LCD Data Projector £1000 DVD Player £20 Sound System + amp, receiver and speakers £100 Screen £339 for roll up screen 4500x2500mm Cueing display £100 Cables £50 www.projectorcentral.com
Sound system for community cinema Amplifier attatchment to sound system
Computer equipment and sound system
Cueing display Laptop to organise films
LCD Data Projector
volumetrics
I have looked at different iterations of my proposal on my site through models.
volumetric1 i began my volumetric studies again from scratch as i ws not happy with where the previous ones had taken me. i looked at the size of my site just in a single story block form. my site is 400m2, whereas my building requirements is only 300m2. this means that i can play about with my site as it is also relatively flat. the restrictions of my site shouldn’t affect my building as there is ample space for requirements.
volumetric2 i then looked at how big 300m2 was on my site by creating a single story massing block. i found that i still had left over space on my site after my intervention. this left over space could create a courtyard area, tying in with my research on the bath house as i would like to bring back some of the memories of the bath houses. however i did find that although a single story building of 300m2 fits comfortably on my site, it doesn’t fit in with the surrounding context as there are only two and three story buildings around my site.
volumetric3 i have now looked at a two story block at 300m2 on my site. i think that this fits in with the surrounding context as the majority of houses are two story. i have also been able to change the orientation and position of this volumetric on my site as it only takes up about one third of my site area. i have decided to position my building at the rear of the site as seen in the top left photograph. this is due to the sun paths on my site. as my site is south facing i feel that placing my building in this position would allow maximum sunlight into the open courtyard space and cafe area to harness as much natural lighting as possible. this leaves me ample space to design a courtyard area in keeping with the history and narrative of a community site.
volumetric4 i have stuck with the two story design of my building. i am also positioning the building at the rear of the site to maximise natural sunight into my south facing site. i have also decided to position my builing in line with the grid pattern of the housing on my site. i think that this works really well as it follows the pattern of the context.
volumetric5
i decided that the modular form wasn’t working for my design so i decided to go back to a simple form again. this form is a development of the two story block that i created which fit in with the grid pattern of the housing. i have also included a pitched roof on this development as this also fits in with the surrounding context as all of the terraced houses have pitched roofs.
volumetric6 i have tried to develop the idea of creating two elements of design by actually splitting them up into completely separate spaces instead of just two elements to my form. although i like the idea of creating two elements of design, as this reiterates my narrative, i have found it difficult when trying to create a joiing space architecturally between the buildings. i will develop this idea but rethinking the block in the middle which joins the buildings.
volumetric7 i have decided to separate my building completely into two designs to reiterate the narrative of my two elements of design. as i have done this it means that not only can i include a courtyard area in my design, but this can also be used as an external outdoor projection area, using the projection room from the permanent cinema. although this courtyard area will not get much natural daylight, the ourtdoor projection area needs to be quite dark in order to get a good projection, so this space is ideal. the other area in front of my buildings can be used as an outdoor green space, further added to the sustainable community nature of my design.
Precedent of external projection
proposed scheme
What I propose for my site.
SITE EXISTING The site is located within the rows of terraced houses in Saltaire. There are currently garages housed on the site. My site is South facing and thus I will orientate my building to face southwards.
SITE CLEARENCE I will remove the garages currently on my site and relocate these to the main Saltaire car park to discourage cars driving to my site.
GRID The terraces on my site provide a very interesting grid pattern, which I want to follow when designing my building so that I keep within the context.
ENCLOSURE COURTYARD My narrative is about the idea of bringing back the essence of what Saltaire used to be like, and thus I will reiterate the idea of a courtyard through my scheme like the courtyard of the old bathhouses.
PROPOSAL I will propose a community cinema on my site and this will take the form of a new and modern shape to distinguish between the public design of my building and the privacy of the surrounding context.
I have two elements to my design incorporating a community cinema with a mainstream cinema. The mainstream cinema will be a permanent space with tiered seating compliant with cinema design. The community cinema space will be flexible and multifunctional, with storage allowing for seats to be brought in or out. This element will also incorporate a film club where the residents of Saltaire can learn about creating their own films.
After my studies on the bath houses I also want to bring back the essence of a courtyard within my design as a memorial of what used to be on the site.
Ground floor plan in context 1:200
The form for my permanent cinema space has been derived from the optimum viewing angles within to allow the most effiecient use of space for a cinema design.
First floor plan in context 1:200
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Section 2
Bauman Lyons Architects Terrace Cultural Quarter Lincoln. A precedent to show the materiality of my building, using ashlar stone for the ground floor level and slate tiles for the first floor level.
One of the most interesting design features structurally is the over hang of my first floor in relation to my ground floor. I have shown thnis in detailto show how this would work technically.
Metal acoustic stud used for my internal walls
20mm Wooden Floor Boards
20mm Wooden Furring
20mm Quietfloor NP membrane 50mm Concrete screed 150mm Insulation
150mm Floor Joists filled with lighting fixtures pipes and acoustic insulation wool Resiliant bar for acoustic properties Quietfloor NP membrane
30mm Plasterboard
I want to use a similar asphalt stone in my design to correspond to the existing terraces on my site. As this stone is also quarried in Bradford this will be more sustainable to use in my design. I will create the ground floor level wall in this stone, and the first floor wall level will be clad in slate to correspond to the slate roofing of Saltaire.
External render
Courtyard render
Internal cinema render
Box Office render
Bar render
Interior render of mezzanine level
Final Model
precedents
i have looked at hyde park picture house as a precedent for small cinemas. i also looked at tiered seating within lecture halls as a precedent for the tiered seating in my cinema. i looked at local cinemas to saltaire. i looked at precedents for materiality and form such as panter hudspith and bauman and lyons. i also briefly looked into walt disney concert hall as a precedent for the acoustic properties of my building.
hydeparkpictureho use small cinema precident beautiful interior originally built as hotel in 1908
edwardian venue with decorated ornate balcony grade ll listed building arthouse and mainstream listings, my cinema will also show both hyde park uses both digital and 35mm projection advantages and disadvantages of both but overall digital is easier as more films can be made digitally and is more modern to create a longer lifespan pf my building digital also creates less problems as 35mm film can easily snap and isn’t always a clear picture due to scratches
rosebowllecturethe atre although i am not designing a lecture theatre, i was interested in this precident for the seating arrangement of tiered seats. i also looked at the projection box at the rear of the room and how this is viewed by the people seated. the seating is steeper than that of a cinema, however this could help me design within smaller spaces.
mobilecinemainsal taire part of the arts festival in saltaire. lottery funded by arts council england. super8 films exhibited by cherry kino productions. opposite victoria hall. huge success but only ran from 17/05/201120/05/2011. i will be creating a permanent cinema in saltaire as there is a lack of this type of lesuire activities in the village.
waltdisneyconcert hall
i looked at this precident primarily for the form and acoustical analysis. the interior walls reflect the curvilinear exterior facade, as this is the optimum shape for the acoustics of the venue. acoustics designed by yasuhisa toyota. walls and ceilings finished with douglas fir and floor finished with oak to absorb sound and protect from noise pollution and intrusion. walls and ceilings curved panels (84 curved structures holding 80 panels in each) as concave shapes focus the sound and the convex shapes scatter around the auditorium. terraced seating around orchestra allows for more surface area to reflect sound. acoustic design will be considered at a high level in my cinema design.
panterhudspith thecollection designed to respond to its historical context. the external courtyard is designed to allow the activities within the museum to spill out in summer months, whilst also creating a new public space for lincoln. i am desining my building to fit with the surrounding context within saltaire through the use of materiality as well as form. i am also incorporating the idea of an external courtyard into my design in order to create a public space for saltaire as well as an extention of the spaces within my building.
panterhudspith cityscreens city screen in york is a cinema designed by panter hudspith. the three auditoria are located on the upper level. Each auditorium is given a different expression - one is clad in stone, one in zinc, one in timber. i will also be cladding my cinema spaces in a different material (slate) to the bar below (which will be ashlar stone.) the cafe below the cinema spaces reflects the roofing of the tiered seating above. this is an interesting element which i may incorporate into my design.
baumanlyons terracequarter lincoln i have used this precedent as a precedent for materiality. the building uses stone around the ground floor and a mixture of slate and glass for the second floor. i find that this materiality reflects that of saltaire as the houses are made from ashlar stone and the roofing is slate. this building also incorporates an external courtyard as my design does.
further model studies
i completed a quick model study looking at the form of my building.
i began by looking at the overall size and shape of my site and what might fit in the space. i could take this forward by deciding if my building will be one or two stries. i need to look at a more interesting facade or form design as this is quite boring. i have found that i have more space to use than the brief actually states as the site is roughly 400m2, whereas the brief states a 300m2 building.
i wanted to look at modular architecture to influence my form as i want my building to fit in with its setting within the rectilinear grid pattern housing.
the ground floor level material of my design will be made of the saltaire style stone, locally quarried from bradford. this will allow the deign to be placed into context. the modules on top should be made out of a different material in order to set my building apart as a social space, as opposed to the residential surrounding it.
i have tried to make the form a little bit more interesting by introducing a wider variety of geometric shapes. this is still in keeping with the modular aspect of my design. after looking into parasitic architecture it may be quite interesting to use the modules on the top of the building to act as parasites to the host, which will be the ground floor level of the building. i would like the ‘parasites’ to feed off of wasted energy from the lower floor. this is something i will have to look into further. also after analysing this model, i found that the angled form could be useful to my design as this could be where my tiered seating is.
i took forwards the idea of an angled form to influence my tiered seating in my cinema space. i looked at putting the angle on the ground floor, as i think this is where i would like to have my main cinema space due to fire safety issues. i kept this model fairly simple, as i wa testing the cantilever effects and how i could make this idea possible.
i have taken forwards all of the positive aspects from the previous model and made them into one form for this model. i have used the idea of parasitic architecture as a module on top of the building. the idea of using the saltaire stone for the ground level facade in order to fit in with the surrounding context. i have used the angular form to create the tiered seating arrangement in my main cinema space. the stepped form of the ground floor facade is also a reflection of the old bath house plan that used to be on my site.
i have also looked into a three story block as some of the surrounding buildings are three story. the buildings that are three story on my site atre usually the buildings along the edge of the street. as i have decided that my building will be set back from the street i have decided to keep my building at two story as i feel that the three story impeds the houses overlooking my site and block their rights to light.
i have begun to look at my form on site and how this can relate to my context. i tried to create a modular form through this volumetric looking at the natural rectilinear grid pattern of the surrouding houses. although i like this design and it fits in with my schedule of accomodation, i think that the form doen’t work for designing a community cinema.
after looking at modular architecture in the prvious volumetric, i have tried to create a modular form, however i have incorporated angles in order to try and make the design work as a cinema. the angle cantilevers in the form, but accomodates for the tiered seating in my permanent cinema space. although again the form is interesting and works better as a cinema now i still think that the form doesn’t work in terms of circulation around the cinema.
as i have two elements to my design, a mainstream cinema and a community cinema, i have tried to combine my previous volumetric ideas into one design. i have created one element quite rectilinear to follow the grid pattern of the housing. i have set this space as the community cinema, as it is a relection of the houses that the community live in. the second element is based on the design of a cinema as this will be the permanent cinema space showing mainstream films for the public as well as the community to use.
i have tried to develop the idea of creating two elements of design by actually splitting them up into completely separate spaces instead of just two elements to my form. although i like the idea of creating two elements of design, as this reiterates my narrative, i have found it difficult when trying to create a joiing space architecturally between the buildings. i will develop this idea but rethinking the block in the middle which joins the buildings.
parasitic architecture
as part of the brief i also looked into parasitic architecture.
a parasite is an organism which feeds off of live energy from a host. parasites reduce or benefit host. affects hosts within same geographical location. live in or on a host and feed from energy of host. symbyotic parasites benefit from their host, whilst their host equally benefits from them. feeding off of host. my building will be a parasite in saltaire, however my building can also be host to a parasite in terms of generating heat for different spaces from a main core (the host). wasted heat from a core (or host) can be fed to a smaller space as a renewable energy source. parasitic cycle is much like cradle to cradle.